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Bracken CP, Goodall GJ, Gregory PA. RNA regulatory mechanisms controlling TGF-β signaling and EMT in cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2024; 102-103:4-16. [PMID: 38917876 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2024.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a major contributor to metastatic progression and is prominently regulated by TGF-β signalling. Both EMT and TGF-β pathway components are tightly controlled by non-coding RNAs - including microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) - that collectively have major impacts on gene expression and resulting cellular states. While miRNAs are the best characterised regulators of EMT and TGF-β signaling and the miR-200-ZEB1/2 feedback loop plays a central role, important functions for lncRNAs and circRNAs are also now emerging. This review will summarise our current understanding of the roles of non-coding RNAs in EMT and TGF-β signaling with a focus on their functions in cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron P Bracken
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Engineering and Technology, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
| | - Gregory J Goodall
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Engineering and Technology, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
| | - Philip A Gregory
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
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2
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Leow SS, Khoo JS, Lee WK, Hoh CC, Fairus S, Sambanthamurthi R, Hayes KC. RNA-Seq transcriptome profiling of Nile rat livers reveals novel insights on the anti-diabetic mechanisms of Water-Soluble Palm Fruit Extract. J Appl Genet 2024:10.1007/s13353-024-00880-1. [PMID: 38890243 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-024-00880-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Water-Soluble Palm Fruit Extract (WSPFE) has been shown to confer anti-diabetic effects in the Nile rat (NR) (Arvicanthis niloticus). Liquid and powder WSPFE both deterred diabetes onset in NRs fed a high-carbohydrate (hiCHO) diet, but the liquid form provided better protection. In this study, NRs were fed either a hiCHO diet or the same diet added with liquid or powder WSPFE. Following feeding of the diets for 8 weeks, random blood glucose levels were measured to categorize NRs as either diabetes-resistant or diabetes-susceptible, based on a cut-off value of 75 mg/dL. Livers were then obtained for Illumina HiSeq 4000 paired end RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) and the data were mapped to the reference genome. Consistent with physiological and biochemical parameters, the gene expression data obtained indicated that WSPFE was associated with protection against diabetes. Among hepatic genes upregulated by WSPFE versus controls, were genes related to insulin-like growth factor binding protein, leptin receptor, and processes of hepatic metabolism maintenance, while those downregulated were related to antigen binding, immunoglobulin receptor, inflammation- and cancer-related processes. WSPFE supplementation thus helped inhibit diabetes progression in NRs by increasing insulin sensitivity and reducing both the inflammatory effects of a hiCHO diet and the related DNA-damage compensatory mechanisms contributing to liver disease progression. In addition, the genetic permissiveness of susceptible NRs to develop diabetes was potentially associated with dysregulated compensatory mechanisms involving insulin signaling and oxidative stress over time. Further studies on other NR organs associated with diabetes and its complications are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soon-Sen Leow
- Malaysian Palm Oil Board, No. 6, Persiaran Institusi, Bandar Baru Bangi, 43000, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Jia-Shiun Khoo
- Codon Genomics Sdn Bhd, No. 26, Jalan Dutamas 7, Taman Dutamas Balakong, 43200, Seri Kembangan, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wei-Kang Lee
- Codon Genomics Sdn Bhd, No. 26, Jalan Dutamas 7, Taman Dutamas Balakong, 43200, Seri Kembangan, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chee-Choong Hoh
- Codon Genomics Sdn Bhd, No. 26, Jalan Dutamas 7, Taman Dutamas Balakong, 43200, Seri Kembangan, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Syed Fairus
- Malaysian Palm Oil Board, No. 6, Persiaran Institusi, Bandar Baru Bangi, 43000, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ravigadevi Sambanthamurthi
- Malaysian Palm Oil Board, No. 6, Persiaran Institusi, Bandar Baru Bangi, 43000, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Academy of Sciences Malaysia, Level 20, West Wing, MATRADE Tower, Jalan Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah, Off Jalan Tuanku Abdul Halim, 50480, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - K C Hayes
- Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, MA, 02454, USA
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Zhang B, Liu M, Mai F, Li X, Wang W, Huang Q, Du X, Ding W, Li Y, Barwick BG, Ni JJ, Osunkoya AO, Chen Y, Zhou W, Xia S, Dong JT. Interruption of KLF5 acetylation promotes PTEN-deficient prostate cancer progression by reprogramming cancer-associated fibroblasts. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e175949. [PMID: 38781024 PMCID: PMC11245161 DOI: 10.1172/jci175949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Inactivation of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is prevalent in human prostate cancer and causes high-grade adenocarcinoma with a long latency. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play a pivotal role in tumor progression, but it remains elusive whether and how PTEN-deficient prostate cancers reprogram CAFs to overcome the barriers for tumor progression. Here, we report that PTEN deficiency induced Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) acetylation and that interruption of KLF5 acetylation orchestrated intricate interactions between cancer cells and CAFs that enhance FGF receptor 1 (FGFR1) signaling and promote tumor growth. Deacetylated KLF5 promoted tumor cells to secrete TNF-α, which stimulated inflammatory CAFs to release FGF9. CX3CR1 inhibition blocked FGFR1 activation triggered by FGF9 and sensitized PTEN-deficient prostate cancer to the AKT inhibitor capivasertib. This study reveals the role of KLF5 acetylation in reprogramming CAFs and provides a rationale for combined therapies using inhibitors of AKT and CX3CR1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baotong Zhang
- Department of Human Cell Biology and Genetics, Southern University of Science and Technology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Mingcheng Liu
- Department of Human Cell Biology and Genetics, Southern University of Science and Technology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Fengyi Mai
- Department of Human Cell Biology and Genetics, Southern University of Science and Technology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiawei Li
- Department of Human Cell Biology and Genetics, Southern University of Science and Technology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Inner Mongolia Institute of Quality and Standardization, Inner Mongolia Administration for Market Regulation, Hohhot, China
| | - Wenzhou Wang
- Department of Human Cell Biology and Genetics, Southern University of Science and Technology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Qingqing Huang
- Department of Human Cell Biology and Genetics, Southern University of Science and Technology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiancai Du
- Department of Human Cell Biology and Genetics, Southern University of Science and Technology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Weijian Ding
- Department of Human Cell Biology and Genetics, Southern University of Science and Technology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yixiang Li
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Benjamin G. Barwick
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jianping Jenny Ni
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Adeboye O. Osunkoya
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Departments of Pathology and Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Yuanli Chen
- Key Laboratory of Major Metabolic Diseases and Nutritional Regulation of Anhui Department of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Siyuan Xia
- Department of Human Cell Biology and Genetics, Southern University of Science and Technology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jin-Tang Dong
- Department of Human Cell Biology and Genetics, Southern University of Science and Technology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Kim S, Leem G, Choi J, Koh Y, Lee S, Nam SH, Kim JS, Park CH, Hwang HK, Min KI, Jo JH, Lee HS, Chung MJ, Park JY, Park SW, Song SY, Shin EC, Kang CM, Bang S, Park JE. Integrative analysis of spatial and single-cell transcriptome data from human pancreatic cancer reveals an intermediate cancer cell population associated with poor prognosis. Genome Med 2024; 16:20. [PMID: 38297291 PMCID: PMC10832111 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-024-01287-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies using single-cell transcriptomic analysis have reported several distinct clusters of neoplastic epithelial cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts in the pancreatic cancer tumor microenvironment. However, their molecular characteristics and biological significance have not been clearly elucidated due to intra- and inter-tumoral heterogeneity. METHODS We performed single-cell RNA sequencing using enriched non-immune cell populations from 17 pancreatic tumor tissues (16 pancreatic cancer and one high-grade dysplasia) and generated paired spatial transcriptomic data from seven patient samples. RESULTS We identified five distinct functional subclusters of pancreatic cancer cells and six distinct cancer-associated fibroblast subclusters. We deeply profiled their characteristics, and we found that these subclusters successfully deconvoluted most of the features suggested in bulk transcriptome analysis of pancreatic cancer. Among those subclusters, we identified a novel cancer cell subcluster, Ep_VGLL1, showing intermediate characteristics between the extremities of basal-like and classical dichotomy, despite its prognostic value. Molecular features of Ep_VGLL1 suggest its transitional properties between basal-like and classical subtypes, which is supported by spatial transcriptomic data. CONCLUSIONS This integrative analysis not only provides a comprehensive landscape of pancreatic cancer and fibroblast population, but also suggests a novel insight to the dynamic states of pancreatic cancer cells and unveils potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seongryong Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Galam Leem
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Junjeong Choi
- Department of Pharmacy and Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongjun Koh
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Suho Lee
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hee Nam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Su Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Hee Park
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Kyoung Hwang
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Pancreatobiliary Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Pancreatobiliary Cancer Center, Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Il Min
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hyun Jo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Seung Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Jae Chung
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Youp Park
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Woo Park
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Si Young Song
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui-Cheol Shin
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Moo Kang
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Pancreatobiliary Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
- Pancreatobiliary Cancer Center, Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seungmin Bang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong-Eun Park
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
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Qu X, Xu C, Yang W, Li Q, Tu S, Gao C. KLF5 inhibits the migration and invasion in cervical cancer cell lines by regulating SNAI1. Cancer Biomark 2024; 39:231-243. [PMID: 38217587 PMCID: PMC11191462 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-230175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an important biological process by which malignant tumor cells to acquire migration and invasion abilities. This study explored the role of KLF5 in the EMT process of in cervical cancer cell lines. OBJECTIVE Krüpple-like factor 5 (KLF5) is a basic transcriptional factor that plays a key role in cell-cycle arrest and inhibition of apoptosis. However, the molecular mechanism by which KLF5 mediates the biological functions of cervical cancer cell lines has not been elucidated. Here, we focus on the potential function of ELF5 in regulating the EMT process in in vitro model of cervical cancer cell lines. METHOD Western-blot and real-time quantitative PCR were used to detect the expression of EMT-related genes in HeLa cells. MTT assays, cell scratch and Transwell assays were used to assess HeLa cells proliferation and invasion capability. Using the bioinformatics tool JASPAR, we identified a high-scoring KLF5-like binding sequence in the SNAI1 gene promoter. Luciferase reporter assays was used to detect transcriptional activity for different SNAI1 promoter truncates. RESULT After overexpressing the KLF5 gene in HeLa cells, KLF5 not only significantly inhibited the invasion and migration of HeLa cells, but also increased the expression of E-cadherin and decreased the expression of N-cadherin and MMP9. In addition, the mRNA expression of upstream regulators of E-cadherin, such as SNAI1, SLUG, ZEB1/2 and TWIST1 was also decreased. Furthermore, KLF5 inhibiting the expression of the SNAI1 gene via binding its promoter region, and the EMT of Hela cells was promoted after overexpression of the SNAI1 gene. CONCLUSION These results indicate that KLF5 can downregulate the EMT process of HeLa cells by decreasing the expression of the SNAI1 gene, thereby inhibiting the migration and invasion of HeLa cervical cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinjian Qu
- Institute of Marine Drugs, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Chang Xu
- Institute of Marine Drugs, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Wenbo Yang
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Qianqian Li
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Simei Tu
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Chenghai Gao
- Institute of Marine Drugs, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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Wang X, Chen G, Du Y, Yang J, Wang W. Transcription Factor Sox9 Exacerbates Kidney Injury through Inhibition of MicroRNA-96-5p and Activation of the Trib3/IL-6 Axis. Kidney Blood Press Res 2023; 48:611-627. [PMID: 37717559 PMCID: PMC10614512 DOI: 10.1159/000533544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Our study investigated the possible mechanisms of the role of the transcription factor Sox9 in the development and progression of kidney injury through regulation of the miR-96-5p/Trib3/IL-6 axis. METHODS Bioinformatics analysis was performed to identify differentially expressed genes in kidney injury and normal tissues. An in vivo animal model of kidney injury and an in vitro cellular model of kidney injury were constructed using LPS induction in 8-week-old female C57BL/6 mice and human normal renal tubular epithelial cells HK-2 for studying the possible roles of Sox9, miR-96-5p, Trib3, and IL-6 in kidney injury. RESULTS Sox9 was highly expressed in both mouse and cellular models of kidney injury. Sox9 was significantly enriched in the promoter region of miR-96-5p and repressed miR-96-5p expression. Trib3 was highly expressed in both mouse and cellular models of kidney injury and promoted inflammatory responses and kidney injury. In addition, Trib3 promoted IL-6 expression, which was highly expressed in kidney injury, and promoted the inflammatory response and extent of injury in kidney tissue. In vivo and in vitro experiments confirmed that the knockdown of Sox9 improved the inflammatory response and fibrosis of mouse kidney tissues and HK-2 cells, while the ameliorative effect of silencing Sox9 was inhibited by overexpression of IL-6. CONCLUSION Collectively, Sox9 up-regulates miR-96-5p-mediated Trib3 and activates the IL-6 signaling pathway to exacerbate the inflammatory response, ultimately promoting the development and progression of kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- Department of Urology, Fuyang People’s Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Fuyang, China
| | - Guang Chen
- Department of Urology, Fuyang People’s Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Fuyang, China
| | - Yongqiang Du
- Department of Urology, Fuyang People’s Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Fuyang, China
| | - Jiajia Yang
- Department of Urology, Fuyang People’s Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Fuyang, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Huang Q, Liu M, Zhang D, Lin BB, Fu X, Zhang Z, Zhang B, Dong JT. Nitazoxanide inhibits acetylated KLF5-induced bone metastasis by modulating KLF5 function in prostate cancer. BMC Med 2023; 21:68. [PMID: 36810084 PMCID: PMC9945734 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-02763-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Castration-resistant prostate cancer often metastasizes to the bone, and such bone metastases eventually become resistant to available therapies, leading to the death of patients. Enriched in the bone, TGF-β plays a pivotal role in bone metastasis development. However, directly targeting TGF-β or its receptors has been challenging for the treatment of bone metastasis. We previously found that TGF-β induces and then depends on the acetylation of transcription factor KLF5 at K369 to regulate multiple biological processes, including the induction of EMT, cellular invasiveness, and bone metastasis. Acetylated KLF5 (Ac-KLF5) and its downstream effectors are thus potential therapeutic targets for treating TGF-β-induced bone metastasis in prostate cancer. METHODS A spheroid invasion assay was applied to prostate cancer cells expressing KLF5K369Q, which mimics Ac-KLF5, to screen 1987 FDA-approved drugs for invasion suppression. Luciferase- and KLF5K369Q-expressing cells were injected into nude mice via the tail artery to model bone metastasis. Bioluminescence imaging, micro-CT), and histological analyses were applied to monitor and evaluate bone metastases. RNA-sequencing, bioinformatic, and biochemical analyses were used to understand nitazoxanide (NTZ)-regulated genes, signaling pathways, and the underlying mechanisms. The binding of NTZ to KLF5 proteins was evaluated using fluorescence titration, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and circular dichroism (CD) analysis. RESULTS NTZ, an anthelmintic agent, was identified as a potent invasion inhibitor in the screening and validation assays. In KLF5K369Q-induced bone metastasis, NTZ exerted a potent inhibitory effect in preventive and therapeutic modes. NTZ also inhibited osteoclast differentiation, a cellular process responsible for bone metastasis induced by KLF5K369Q. NTZ attenuated the function of KLF5K369Q in 127 genes' upregulation and 114 genes' downregulation. Some genes' expression changes were significantly associated with worse overall survival in patients with prostate cancer. One such change was the upregulation of MYBL2, which functionally promotes bone metastasis in prostate cancer. Additional analyses demonstrated that NTZ bound to the KLF5 protein, KLF5K369Q bound to the promoter of MYBL2 to activate its transcription, and NTZ attenuated the binding of KLF5K369Q to the MYBL2 promoter. CONCLUSIONS NTZ is a potential therapeutic agent for bone metastasis induced by the TGF-β/Ac-KLF5 signaling axis in prostate cancer and likely other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Huang
- Department of Human Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Blvd, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Mingcheng Liu
- Department of Human Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Blvd, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Duo Zhang
- Department of Human Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Blvd, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Bing-Biao Lin
- Department of Human Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Blvd, Shenzhen, 518055, China.,Department of Urology, Kidney and Urology Center, Pelvic Floor Disorders Center, the Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Xing Fu
- Department of Human Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Blvd, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Zhiqian Zhang
- Department of Human Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Blvd, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Baotong Zhang
- Department of Human Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Blvd, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jin-Tang Dong
- Department of Human Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Blvd, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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Boros É, Hegedűs Z, Kellermayer Z, Balogh P, Nagy I. Global alteration of colonic microRNAome landscape associated with inflammatory bowel disease. Front Immunol 2022; 13:991346. [PMID: 36177008 PMCID: PMC9513375 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.991346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract that associates with, among others, increased risk of colorectal cancer. There is a growing evidence that miRNAs have important roles in pathological processes, such as inflammation or carcinogenesis. Understanding the molecular mechanisms such as alterations in microRNAome upon chronic intestinal inflammation is critical for understanding the exact pathomechanism of IBD. Hence, we conducted a genome wide microRNAome analysis by applying miRNA-Seq in a rat model of experimental colitis, validated the data by QPCR, examined the expression of a selection of precursor and mature miRNAs, performed in depth biological interpretation using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis and tested the obtained results on samples derived from human patients. We identified specific, interdependent expression pattern of activator/repressor transcription factors, miRNAs and their direct targets in the inflamed colon samples. Particularly, decreased expression of the miR-200 family members (miR-200a/b/c,-141, and -429) and miR-27b correlates with the reduced level of their enhancers (HNF1B, E2F1), elevated expression of their repressors (ZEB2, NFKB1) and increased expression of their target genes (ZEB2, RUNX1). Moreover, the marked upregulation of six miR-27b target genes (IFI16, GCA, CYP1B1, RUNX1, MEF2C and MMP13) in the inflamed colon tissues is a possible direct consequence of the lack of repression due to the downregulated miRNA-27b expression. Our data indicate that changes in microRNAome are associated with the pathophysiology of IBD, consequently, microRNAs offer potential targets for the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Éva Boros
- Seqomics Biotechnology Ltd., Mórahalom, Hungary
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Hegedűs
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Kellermayer
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Lymphoid Organogenesis Research Group, Szentágothai János Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Péter Balogh
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Lymphoid Organogenesis Research Group, Szentágothai János Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - István Nagy
- Seqomics Biotechnology Ltd., Mórahalom, Hungary
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Szeged, Hungary
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9
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Yuan B, Wang W, Zhao H, Wang L. Role of lncRNA TUG1 in Adenomyosis and its Regulatory Mechanism in Endometrial Epithelial Cell Functions. Endocrinology 2022; 163:6550238. [PMID: 35298636 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqac033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adenomyosis (AM) is a common gynecological disorder that can cause pelvic pain. The regulatory role of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in AM progression has been widely reported. This study investigated the effect and mechanism of lncRNA taurine-upregulated gene 1 (TUG1) on endometrial epithelial cells (EECs) in AM. METHODS Endometrial tissues of AM patients and controls were collected. A murine model of AM was established by tamoxifen induction. TUG1 expression in endometrial tissues of AM patients and mice was determined. In vivo, the effect of TUG1 on AM mice was measured through H&E staining, Masson's staining, uterine weight, and estradiol concentration. EECs isolated from AM patients were transfected with sh-TUG1. In vitro, the effect of TUG1 on the proliferation, migration, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and angiogenesis of EECs was evaluated by CCK8, colony formation, immunofluorescence, wound healing, and Transwell assays. The binding relationship among TUG1, E2F4, and KLF5 was confirmed using RNA immunoprecipitation and RNA pull-down assays. A function rescue experiment was designed to verify the effect of KLF5 on EECs. RESULTS TUG1 expression was elevated in AM mice and patients. Downregulation of TUG1 promoted the recovery of AM mice. Downregulation of TUG1 suppressed proliferation, migration, invasion, EMT, and angiogenesis of EECs. Mechanically, TUG1 suppressed KLF5 transcription by binding to E2F4. Downregulation of KLF5 reversed the inhibitory effect of TUG1 silencing on the functions of EECs. CONCLUSION TUG1 expression was elevated in AM, and TUG1 facilitated proliferation, migration, invasion, EMT, and angiogenesis of EECs via E2F4/KLF5, thereby aggravating AM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yuan
- Department of Gynaecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450014, Henan Province, China
| | - Wuliang Wang
- Department of Gynaecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450014, Henan Province, China
| | - Hu Zhao
- Department of Gynaecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450014, Henan Province, China
| | - Lijun Wang
- Department of Gynaecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450014, Henan Province, China
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10
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Yan Y, Zhu M, Ma J, He X, Yang X, Xu H, Jiang M, Zhang S, Duan Y, Han J, Chen Y. MEK1/2 inhibitor inhibits neointima formation by activating miR-126-3p/ C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12)/C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) axis. Bioengineered 2022; 13:11214-11227. [PMID: 35485167 PMCID: PMC9208476 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2063496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction is an initial and essential step in vascular-remodeling diseases, including atherosclerosis and neointima formation. During vascular remodeling, activated endothelial cells can release pro-inflammatory factors that promote phenotypic switching of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) to the proliferative phenotype. We previously reported that MEK1/2 inhibitor, U0126, has a protective effect on the development of atherosclerosis and vascular calcification. However, the effect of MEK1/2 inhibitors on neointimal formation and the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. We determined that MEK1/2 inhibitor reduced carotid artery ligation-induced neointimal formation, while increased collagen and elastin levels and vascular integrality. Mechanistically, MEK1/2 inhibitor or ERK1/2 siRNA increased miR-126-3p level in endothelial cells, thereby inhibiting expression of regular of G-protein signaling 16 (RGS16), a miR-126-3p target gene, to activate the C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12)/C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) signaling pathway. Accordingly, miR-126-3p was also increased by U0126 in serum and carotid artery. RGS16 was inhibited while CXCR4 and CXCL12 was increased by U0126 in neointimal areas, especially in the endothelium. Moreover, similar results were observed in atherosclerotic plaques of high-fat diet-fed apolipoprotein E deficiency (apoE−/−) mice. In addition, vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), another miR-126-3p target gene, was reduced by U0126 in the neointimal areas, resulting reduced monocytes/macrophages accumulation. Taken together, our results indicate that MEK1/2 inhibitor can reduce neointima formation by activating endothelial miR-126-3p production to facilitate endothelium repair while reduce monocyte adhesion/infiltration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Yan
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jialing Ma
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoyu He
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hongmei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Meixiu Jiang
- The Institute of Translational Medicine, the National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yajun Duan
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jihong Han
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China.,College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, Hebei, China
| | - Yuanli Chen
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
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11
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Watson KL, Yi R, Moorehead RA. Transgenic overexpression of the miR-200b/200a/429 cluster inhibits mammary tumor initiation. Transl Oncol 2021; 14:101228. [PMID: 34562686 PMCID: PMC8473771 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The miR-200 family consists of five members expressed as two clusters: miR-200c/141 cluster and miR-200b/200a/429 cluster. In the mammary gland, miR-200s maintain epithelial identity by decreasing the expression of mesenchymal markers leading to high expression of epithelial markers. While the loss of miR-200s is associated with breast cancer growth and metastasis the impact of miR-200 expression on mammary tumor initiation has not been investigated. Using mammary specific expression of the miR-200b/200a/429 cluster in transgenic mice, we found that elevated expression miR-200s could almost completely prevent mammary tumor development. Only 1 of 16 MTB-IGFIRba429 transgenic mice (expressing both the IGF-IR and miR-200b/200a/429 transgenes) developed a mammary tumor while 100% of MTB-IGFIR transgenic mice (expressing only the IGF-IR transgene) developed mammary tumors. RNA sequencing, qRT-PCR, and immunohistochemistry of mammary tissue from 55-day old mice found Spp1, Saa1, and Saa2 to be elevated in mammary tumors and inhibited by miR-200b/200a/429 overexpression. This study suggests that miR-200s could be used as a preventative strategy to protect women from developing breast cancer. One concern with this approach is the potential negative impact miR-200 overexpression may have on mammary function. However, transgenic overexpression of miR-200s, on their own, did not significantly impact mammary ductal development indicating the miR-200 overexpression should not significantly impact mammary function. Thus, this study provides the initial foundation for using miR-200s for breast cancer prevention and additional studies should be performed to identify strategies for increasing mammary miR-200 expression and determine whether miR-200s can prevent mammary tumor initiation by other genetic alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrina L Watson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Rui Yi
- Department of Pathology, Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Roger A Moorehead
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.
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12
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Cavallari I, Ciccarese F, Sharova E, Urso L, Raimondi V, Silic-Benussi M, D’Agostino DM, Ciminale V. The miR-200 Family of microRNAs: Fine Tuners of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Circulating Cancer Biomarkers. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:5874. [PMID: 34884985 PMCID: PMC8656820 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13235874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The miR-200 family of microRNAs (miRNAs) includes miR-200a, miR-200b, miR-200c, miR-141 and miR-429, five evolutionarily conserved miRNAs that are encoded in two clusters of hairpin precursors located on human chromosome 1 (miR-200b, miR-200a and miR-429) and chromosome 12 (miR-200c and miR-141). The mature -3p products of the precursors are abundantly expressed in epithelial cells, where they contribute to maintaining the epithelial phenotype by repressing expression of factors that favor the process of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a key hallmark of oncogenic transformation. Extensive studies of the expression and interactions of these miRNAs with cell signaling pathways indicate that they can exert both tumor suppressor- and pro-metastatic functions, and may serve as biomarkers of epithelial cancers. This review provides a summary of the role of miR-200 family members in EMT, factors that regulate their expression, and important targets for miR-200-mediated repression that are involved in EMT. The second part of the review discusses the potential utility of circulating miR-200 family members as diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers for breast, colorectal, lung, ovarian, prostate and bladder cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Cavallari
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV–IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy; (I.C.); (F.C.); (E.S.); (L.U.); (V.R.); (M.S.-B.)
| | - Francesco Ciccarese
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV–IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy; (I.C.); (F.C.); (E.S.); (L.U.); (V.R.); (M.S.-B.)
| | - Evgeniya Sharova
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV–IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy; (I.C.); (F.C.); (E.S.); (L.U.); (V.R.); (M.S.-B.)
| | - Loredana Urso
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV–IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy; (I.C.); (F.C.); (E.S.); (L.U.); (V.R.); (M.S.-B.)
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Vittoria Raimondi
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV–IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy; (I.C.); (F.C.); (E.S.); (L.U.); (V.R.); (M.S.-B.)
| | - Micol Silic-Benussi
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV–IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy; (I.C.); (F.C.); (E.S.); (L.U.); (V.R.); (M.S.-B.)
| | - Donna M. D’Agostino
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV–IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy; (I.C.); (F.C.); (E.S.); (L.U.); (V.R.); (M.S.-B.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Ciminale
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV–IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy; (I.C.); (F.C.); (E.S.); (L.U.); (V.R.); (M.S.-B.)
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, 35128 Padova, Italy
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13
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Chen Y, Su J, Yan Y, Zhao Q, Ma J, Zhu M, He X, Zhang B, Xu H, Yang X, Duan Y, Han J. Intermittent Fasting Inhibits High-Fat Diet-Induced Atherosclerosis by Ameliorating Hypercholesterolemia and Reducing Monocyte Chemoattraction. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:719750. [PMID: 34658858 PMCID: PMC8517704 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.719750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a major pathology for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Clinically, the intermittent fasting (IF) has been observed to reduce the risk of CVDs. However, the effect of IF on the development of atherosclerosis has not been fully elucidated. Herein, we determined the protection of IF against high-fat diet–induced atherosclerosis in pro-atherogenic low-density lipoprotein receptor deficient (LDLR-/-) mice and the potentially involved mechanisms. The LDLR-/- mice were scheduled intermittent fasting cycles of 3-day HFD feeding ad libitum and 1 day fasting, while the mice in the control group were continuously fed HFD. The treatment was lasted for 7 weeks (∼12 cycles) or 14 weeks (∼24 cycles). Associated with the reduced total HFD intake, IF substantially reduced lesions in the en face aorta and aortic root sinus. It also increased plaque stability by increasing the smooth muscle cell (SMC)/collagen content and fibrotic cap thickness while reducing macrophage accumulation and necrotic core areas. Mechanistically, IF reduced serum total and LDL cholesterol levels by inhibiting cholesterol synthesis in the liver. Meanwhile, HFD-induced hepatic lipid accumulation was attenuated by IF. Interestingly, circulating Ly6Chigh monocytes but not T cells and serum c-c motif chemokine ligand 2 levels were significantly reduced by IF. Functionally, adhesion of monocytes to the aortic endothelium was decreased by IF via inhibiting VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 expression. Taken together, our study indicates that IF reduces atherosclerosis in LDLR-/- mice by reducing monocyte chemoattraction/adhesion and ameliorating hypercholesterolemia and suggests its potential application for atherosclerosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanli Chen
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Jiamin Su
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Yali Yan
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Jialing Ma
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaoyu He
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Baotong Zhang
- Department of Human Cell Biology and Genetics, Southern University of Science and Technology School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hongmei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Yajun Duan
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Jihong Han
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China.,College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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14
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Cheng Z, Liu G, Huang C, Zhao X. KLF5 activates lncRNA DANCR and inhibits cancer cell autophagy accelerating gastric cancer progression. NPJ Genom Med 2021; 6:75. [PMID: 34548487 PMCID: PMC8455684 DOI: 10.1038/s41525-021-00207-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cell autophagy has been associated with the progression of gastric cancer (GC), but involvement of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) remains unclear. Initial bioinformatics analysis has identified abnormally highly expressed KLF5 in GC, as well as the predicted regulatory mechanism associating with lncRNA DANCR, miR-194, and AKT2. The expression of KLF5, DANCR, and AKT2 in GC tissue was upregulated, and the expression of miR-194 was downregulated. We knocked KLF5 down and manipulated the expression of DANCR, miR-194, and AKT2 to characterize their roles in GC cell viability, autophagy, and apoptosis. The mechanistic investigations revealed that KLF5 activated the transcription of DANCR in the promoter region and elevated its expression. DANCR acted as a miR-194 sponge to repress its expression in GC. MiR-194 targeted and inhibited AKT2 expression. Silencing KLF5 augmented GC cell autophagy, apoptosis and impeded its viability through the DANCR/miR-194/AKT2 axis. The tumor-inhibiting properties of KLF5 knockdown were substantiated in vivo. Together, our study uncovered the oncogenic role of KLF5-dependent lncRNA DANCR transcription in GC in vivo and in vitro, which implicates the miR-194/AKT2 axis in tumor growth regulation, and it may be a potential therapeutic target for human GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyi Cheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal surgery, Hospital Afiliated 5 to Nantong University (Taizhou People's Hospital), Taizhou, 225300, PR China
| | - Guiyuan Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal surgery, Hospital Afiliated 5 to Nantong University (Taizhou People's Hospital), Taizhou, 225300, PR China
| | - Chuanjiang Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal surgery, Hospital Afiliated 5 to Nantong University (Taizhou People's Hospital), Taizhou, 225300, PR China
| | - Xiaojun Zhao
- Department of Gastrointestinal surgery, Hospital Afiliated 5 to Nantong University (Taizhou People's Hospital), Taizhou, 225300, PR China.
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15
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Sun L, Zhou X, Li Y, Chen W, Wu S, Zhang B, Yao J, Xu A. KLF5 regulates epithelial-mesenchymal transition of liver cancer cells in the context of p53 loss through miR-192 targeting of ZEB2. Cell Adh Migr 2021; 14:182-194. [PMID: 32965165 PMCID: PMC7553557 DOI: 10.1080/19336918.2020.1826216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) can both promote and suppress cell migration, but the underlying mechanisms have not been elucidated. In this study, we show that the function of KLF5 in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and migration of liver cancer cells depends on the status of the cellular tumor antigen p53 (p53). Furthermore, zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 2 (ZEB2) is the main regulator of KLF5 in EMT in liver cancer cells in the context of p53 loss. Most importantly, the regulation of ZEB2 by p53 and KLF5 is indirect and that miR-192 mediates this regulation. Finally, we find that in invasive liver cancer, KLF5 is absent in the context of p53 loss or mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Sun
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing, China
| | - Xiaona Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing, China
| | - Yanmeng Li
- Experimental Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Experimental Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing, China
| | - Shanna Wu
- Clinical Laboratory Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing, China
| | - Bei Zhang
- Experimental Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing, China
| | - Jingyi Yao
- Experimental Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing, China
| | - Anjian Xu
- Experimental Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing, China
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16
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Paranjapye A, NandyMazumdar M, Browne JA, Leir SH, Harris A. Krüppel-like factor 5 regulates wound repair and the innate immune response in human airway epithelial cells. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:100932. [PMID: 34217701 PMCID: PMC8353497 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A complex network of transcription factors regulates genes involved in establishing and maintaining key biological properties of the human airway epithelium. However, detailed knowledge of the contributing factors is incomplete. Here we characterize the role of Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5), in controlling essential pathways of epithelial cell identity and function in the human lung. RNA-seq following siRNA-mediated depletion of KLF5 in the Calu-3 lung epithelial cell line identified significant enrichment of genes encoding chemokines and cytokines involved in the proinflammatory response and also components of the junctional complexes mediating cell adhesion. To determine direct gene targets of KLF5, we defined the cistrome of KLF5 using ChIP-seq in both Calu-3 and 16HBE14o- lung epithelial cell lines. Occupancy site concordance analysis revealed that KLF5 colocalized with the active histone modification H3K27ac and also with binding sites for the transcription factor CCAAT enhancer-binding protein beta (C/EBPβ). Depletion of KLF5 increased both the expression and secretion of cytokines including IL-1β, a response that was enhanced following exposure to Pseudomonas aeruginosa lipopolysaccharide. Calu-3 cells exhibited faster rates of repair after KLF5 depletion compared with negative controls in wound scratch assays. Similarly, CRISPR-mediated KLF5-null 16HBE14o- cells also showed enhanced wound closure. These data reveal a pivotal role for KLF5 in coordinating epithelial functions relevant to human lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alekh Paranjapye
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Monali NandyMazumdar
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - James A Browne
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Shih-Hsing Leir
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Ann Harris
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
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17
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Wang D, Yin Z, Ma L, Han L, Chen Y, Pan W, Gong K, Gao Y, Yang X, Chen Y, Han J, Duan Y. Polysaccharide MCP extracted from Morchella esculenta reduces atherosclerosis in LDLR-deficient mice. Food Funct 2021; 12:4842-4854. [PMID: 33950051 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo03475d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The pharmaceutical application of fungal polysaccharides has been extensively studied based on their multiple biological activities. However, the effect of Morchella esculenta polysaccharides on the development of atherosclerosis remains unknown. This study aims to investigate the anti-atherosclerotic effect of a novel polysaccharide (MCP) extracted from Morchella esculenta. The average molecular weight of MCP is 1.69 × 105 Da, and it is composed of glucose, mannose and galactose in the molar ratio of 1 : 1.9 : 0.51. LDLR-deficient (LDLR-/-) mice were fed high-fat diet (HFD) and administered intragastrically (i.g.) with saline or MCP dissolved in saline for 15 weeks. We found that MCP inhibited en face and sinus lesions. Moreover, serum levels of total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride were decreased by MCP. The HFD-induced hepatic lipid accumulation was also attenuated by MCP. The underlying molecular mechanisms of anti-atherogenic and lipogenic effects of MCP might be attributed to reduced cholesterol synthesis by activating AMPKα signaling pathway and inhibiting SREBP2 expression. In addition, MCP-decreased serum triglyceride level is related to inhibiting LXRα expression. Taken together, these results indicate that MCP markedly alleviates atherosclerosis and M. esculenta can be used as a functional food additive to benefit patients with atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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18
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Procyanidin B2 Reduces Vascular Calcification through Inactivation of ERK1/2-RUNX2 Pathway. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10060916. [PMID: 34198832 PMCID: PMC8228429 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10060916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification is strongly associated with atherosclerotic plaque burden and plaque instability. The activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) increases runt related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) expression to promote vascular calcification. Procyanidin B2 (PB2), a potent antioxidant, can inhibit ERK1/2 activation in human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs). However, the effects and involved mechanisms of PB2 on atherosclerotic calcification remain unknown. In current study, we fed apoE-deficient (apoE−/−) mice a high-fat diet (HFD) while treating the animals with PB2 for 18 weeks. At the end of the study, we collected blood and aorta samples to determine atherosclerosis and vascular calcification. We found PB2 treatment decreased lesions in en face aorta, thoracic, and abdominal aortas by 21.4, 24.6, and 33.5%, respectively, and reduced sinus lesions in the aortic root by 17.1%. PB2 also increased α-smooth muscle actin expression and collagen content in lesion areas. In the aortic root, PB2 reduced atherosclerotic calcification areas by 75.8%. In vitro, PB2 inhibited inorganic phosphate-induced osteogenesis in HASMCs and aortic rings. Mechanistically, the expression of bone morphogenetic protein 2 and RUNX2 were markedly downregulated by PB2 treatment. Additionally, PB2 inhibited ERK1/2 phosphorylation in the aortic root plaques of apoE−/− mice and calcified HASMCs. Reciprocally, the activation of ERK1/2 phosphorylation by C2-MEK1-mut or epidermal growth factor can partially restore the PB2-inhibited RUNX2 expression or HASMC calcification. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that PB2 inhibits vascular calcification through the inactivation of the ERK1/2-RUNX2 pathway. Our study also suggests that PB2 can be a potential option for vascular calcification treatment.
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Luo Y, Chen C. The roles and regulation of the KLF5 transcription factor in cancers. Cancer Sci 2021; 112:2097-2117. [PMID: 33811715 PMCID: PMC8177779 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Krüppel‐like factor 5 (KLF5) is a member of the KLF family. Recent studies have suggested that KLF5 regulates the expression of a large number of new target genes and participates in diverse cellular functions, such as stemness, proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy, and migration. In response to multiple signaling pathways, various transcriptional modulation and posttranslational modifications affect the expression level and activity of KLF5. Several transgenic mouse models have revealed the physiological and pathological functions of KLF5 in different cancers. Studies of KLF5 will provide prognostic biomarkers, therapeutic targets, and potential drugs for cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Luo
- Medical Faculty of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Ceshi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
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20
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Zhang B, Li Y, Wu Q, Xie L, Barwick B, Fu C, Li X, Wu D, Xia S, Chen J, Qian WP, Yang L, Osunkoya AO, Boise L, Vertino PM, Zhao Y, Li M, Chen HR, Kowalski J, Kucuk O, Zhou W, Dong JT. Acetylation of KLF5 maintains EMT and tumorigenicity to cause chemoresistant bone metastasis in prostate cancer. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1714. [PMID: 33731701 PMCID: PMC7969754 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21976-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced prostate cancer (PCa) often develops bone metastasis, for which therapies are very limited and the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. We report that bone-borne TGF-β induces the acetylation of transcription factor KLF5 in PCa bone metastases, and acetylated KLF5 (Ac-KLF5) causes osteoclastogenesis and bone metastatic lesions by activating CXCR4, which leads to IL-11 secretion, and stimulating SHH/IL-6 paracrine signaling. While essential for maintaining the mesenchymal phenotype and tumorigenicity, Ac-KLF5 also causes resistance to docetaxel in tumors and bone metastases, which is overcome by targeting CXCR4 with FDA-approved plerixafor. Establishing a mechanism for bone metastasis and chemoresistance in PCa, these findings provide a rationale for treating chemoresistant bone metastasis of PCa with inhibitors of Ac-KLF5/CXCR4 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baotong Zhang
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yixiang Li
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Qiao Wu
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Nankai University College of Life Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Lin Xie
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Cancer Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Benjamin Barwick
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Changying Fu
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Nankai University College of Life Sciences, Tianjin, China
- Department of Human Cell Biology and Genetics, Southern University of Science and Technology School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xin Li
- Molecular Oncology and Biomarkers Program, Georgia Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Daqing Wu
- Molecular Oncology and Biomarkers Program, Georgia Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Siyuan Xia
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Wei Ping Qian
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lily Yang
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Adeboye O Osunkoya
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lawrence Boise
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Paula M Vertino
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yichao Zhao
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Menglin Li
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Hsiao-Rong Chen
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jeanne Kowalski
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Omer Kucuk
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jin-Tang Dong
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Department of Human Cell Biology and Genetics, Southern University of Science and Technology School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China.
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Silenced long non-coding RNA activated by DNA damage elevates microRNA-495-3p to suppress atherosclerotic plaque formation via reducing Krüppel-like factor 5. Exp Cell Res 2021; 401:112519. [PMID: 33636159 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Atherosclerosis (AS) is an inflammatory disease and the formation of atherosclerotic plaque plays a critical role in AS progression. We aimed to investigate the effect of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) activated by DNA damage (NORAD)/microRNA-495-3p (miR-495-3p)/Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) axis on atherosclerotic plaque formation. METHODS The ApoE-/- mice were fed a high-fat diet to construct AS mouse models and the modeled mice were treated with altered NORAD, miR-495-3p or KLF5. NORAD, miR-495-3p and KLF5 expression in mouse aorta tissues were evaluated, and the levels of inflammatory factors, oxidative stress factors, endothelial function indices and blood lipid in mice were all determined. The atherosclerotic plaque area, lipid deposition area, collagen fibers and CD68 expression in mouse aorta tissues were assessed. The regulatory relation between NORAD and miR-495-3p, and the target relation between miR-495-3p and KLF5 were confirmed. RESULTS NORAD and KLF5 were increased whereas miR-495-3p was decreased in atherosclerotic mouse aortas. Inhibited NORAD or elevated miR-495-3p suppressed inflammation, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, blood lipid level, atherosclerotic plaque area, collagen fibers and CD68 expression in atherosclerotic mouse aortas. Effects of elevated miR-495-3p on atherosclerotic mice could be reversed by up-regulation of KLF5. NORAD served as a sponge of miR-495-3p and miR-495-3p directly targeted KLF5. CONCLUSION Silenced NORAD elevated miR-495-3p to suppress atherosclerotic plaque formation via reducing KLF5. Findings in our research may be helpful for exploring molecular mechanisms of AS.
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Zeng P, Yang J, Liu L, Yang X, Yao Z, Ma C, Zhu H, Su J, Zhao Q, Feng K, Yang S, Zhu Y, Li X, Wang W, Duan Y, Han J, Chen Y. ERK1/2 inhibition reduces vascular calcification by activating miR-126-3p-DKK1/LRP6 pathway. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:1129-1146. [PMID: 33391525 PMCID: PMC7738895 DOI: 10.7150/thno.49771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Vascular microcalcification increases the risk of rupture of vulnerable atherosclerotic lesions. Inhibition of ERK1/2 reduces atherosclerosis in animal models while its role in vascular calcification and the underlying mechanisms remains incompletely understood. Methods: Levels of activated ERK1/2, DKK1, LRP6 and BMP2 in human calcific aortic valves were determined. ApoE deficient mice received ERK1/2 inhibitor (U0126) treatment, followed by determination of atherosclerosis, calcification and miR-126-3p production. C57BL/6J mice were used to determine the effect of U0126 on Vitamin D3 (VD3)-induced medial arterial calcification. HUVECs, HAECs and HASMCs were used to determine the effects of ERK1/2 inhibitor or siRNA on SMC calcification and the involved mechanisms. Results: We observed the calcification in human aortic valves was positively correlated to ERK1/2 activity. At cellular and animal levels, U0126 reduced intimal calcification in atherosclerotic lesions of high-fat diet-fed apoE deficient mice, medial arterial calcification in VD3-treated C57BL/6J mice, and calcification in cultured SMCs and arterial rings. The reduction of calcification was attributed to ERK1/2 inhibition-reduced expression of ALP, BMP2 and RUNX2 by activating DKK1 and LRP6 expression, and consequently inactivating both canonical and non-canonical Wnt signaling pathways in SMCs. Furthermore, we determined ERK1/2 inhibition activated miR-126-3p production by facilitating its maturation through activation of AMPKα-mediated p53 phosphorylation, and the activated miR-126-3p from ECs and SMCs played a key role in anti-vascular calcification actions of ERK1/2 inhibition. Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that activation of miR-126-3p production in ECs/SMCs and interactions between ECs and SMCs play an important role in reduction of vascular calcification by ERK1/2 inhibition.
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Siraj AK, Pratheeshkumar P, Divya SP, Parvathareddy SK, Alobaisi KA, Thangavel S, Siraj S, Al-Badawi IA, Al-Dayel F, Al-Kuraya KS. Krupple-Like Factor 5 is a Potential Therapeutic Target and Prognostic Marker in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:598880. [PMID: 33424607 PMCID: PMC7793801 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.598880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most lethal gynecological malignancy. Despite current therapeutic and surgical options, advanced EOC shows poor prognosis. Identifying novel molecular therapeutic targets is highly needed in the management of EOC. Krupple-like factor 5 (KLF5), a zinc-finger transcriptional factor, is highly expressed in a variety of cancer types. However, its role and expression in EOC is not fully illustrated. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed to assess KLF5 protein expression in 425 primary EOC samples using tissue microarray. We also addressed the function of KLF5 in EOC and its interaction with signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway. We found that KLF5 overexpressed in 53% (229/425) of EOC samples, and is associated with aggressive markers. Forced expression of KLF5 enhanced cell growth in low expressing EOC cell line, MDAH2774. Conversely, knockdown of KLF5 reduced cell growth, migration, invasion and progression of epithelial to mesenchymal transition in KLF5 expressing cell lines, OVISE and OVSAHO. Importantly, silencing of KLF5 decreased the self-renewal ability of spheroids generated from OVISE and OVSAHO cell lines. In addition, downregulation of KLF5 potentiated the effect of cisplatin to induce apoptosis in these cell lines. These data reveals the pro-tumorigenic role of KLF5 in EOC and uncover its role in activation of STAT3 signaling pathway, suggesting the importance of KLF5 as a potential therapeutic target for EOC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul K Siraj
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Poyil Pratheeshkumar
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sasidharan Padmaja Divya
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Khadija A Alobaisi
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saravanan Thangavel
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah Siraj
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ismail A Al-Badawi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fouad Al-Dayel
- Department of Pathology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khawla S Al-Kuraya
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Wang D, Yang X, Chen Y, Gong K, Yu M, Gao Y, Wu X, Hu H, Liao C, Han J, Duan Y. Ascorbic acid enhances low-density lipoprotein receptor expression by suppressing proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9 expression. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:15870-15882. [PMID: 32913121 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.015623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Ascorbic acid, a water-soluble antioxidant, regulates various biological processes and is thought to influence cholesterol. However, little is known about the mechanisms underpinning ascorbic acid-mediated cholesterol metabolism. Here, we determined if ascorbic acid can regulate expression of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9 (PCSK9), which binds low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) leading to its intracellular degradation, to influence low-density lipoprotein (LDL) metabolism. At cellular levels, ascorbic acid inhibited PCSK9 expression in HepG2 and Huh7 cell lines. Consequently, LDLR expression and cellular LDL uptake were enhanced. Similar effects of ascorbic acid on PCSK9 and LDLR expression were observed in mouse primary hepatocytes. Mechanistically, ascorbic acid suppressed PCSK9 expression in a forkhead box O3-dependent manner. In addition, ascorbic acid increased LDLR transcription by regulating sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2. In vivo, administration of ascorbic acid reduced serum PCSK9 levels and enhanced liver LDLR expression in C57BL/6J mice. Reciprocally, lack of ascorbic acid supplementation in L-gulono-γ-lactone oxidase deficient (Gulo -/-) mice increased circulating PCSK9 and LDL levels, and decreased liver LDLR expression, whereas ascorbic acid supplementation decreased PCSK9 and increased LDLR expression, ameliorating LDL levels in Gulo -/- mice fed a high fat diet. Moreover, ascorbic acid levels were negatively correlated to PCSK9, total and LDL levels in human serum samples. Taken together, these findings suggest that ascorbic acid reduces PCSK9 expression, leading to increased LDLR expression and cellular LDL uptake. Thus, supplementation of ascorbic acid may ameliorate lipid profiles in ascorbic acid-deficient species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Yuanli Chen
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Ke Gong
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Maoyun Yu
- School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu'An, China
| | - Yongyao Gao
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Ximei Wu
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huaqing Hu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Chenzhong Liao
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Jihong Han
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China; College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Yajun Duan
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China.
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Park H, Maruhashi K, Yamaguchi R, Imoto S, Miyano S. Global gene network exploration based on explainable artificial intelligence approach. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0241508. [PMID: 33156825 PMCID: PMC7647077 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, personalized gene regulatory networks have received significant attention, and interpretation of the multilayer networks has been a critical issue for a comprehensive understanding of gene regulatory systems. Although several statistical and machine learning approaches have been developed and applied to reveal sample-specific regulatory pathways, integrative understanding of the massive multilayer networks remains a challenge. To resolve this problem, we propose a novel artificial intelligence (AI) strategy for comprehensive gene regulatory network analysis. In our strategy, personalized gene networks corresponding specific clinical characteristic are constructed and the constructed network is considered as a second-order tensor. Then, an explainable AI method based on deep learning is applied to decompose the multilayer networks, thus we can reveal all-encompassing gene regulatory systems characterized by clinical features of patients. To evaluate the proposed methodology, we apply our method to the multilayer gene networks under varying conditions of an epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. From the comprehensive analysis of multilayer networks, we identified novel markers, and the biological mechanisms of the identified genes and their reciprocal mechanisms are verified through the literature. Although any biological knowledge about the identified genes was not incorporated in our analysis, our data-driven approach based on AI approach provides biologically reliable results. Furthermore, the results provide crucial evidences to reveal biological mechanism related to various diseases, e.g., keratinocyte proliferation. The use of explainable AI method based on the tensor decomposition enables us to reveal global and novel mechanisms of gene regulatory system from the massive multiple networks, which cannot be demonstrated by existing methods. We expect that the proposed method provides a new insight into network biology and it will be a useful tool to integrative gene network analysis related complex architectures of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heewon Park
- M&D Data Science Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Rui Yamaguchi
- Division of Cancer Systems Biology, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Aichi, Japan
- Human Genome Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiya Imoto
- Human Genome Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoru Miyano
- M&D Data Science Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Human Genome Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Druzhkova I, Shirmanova M, Ignatova N, Dudenkova V, Lukina M, Zagaynova E, Safina D, Kostrov S, Didych D, Kuzmich A, Sharonov G, Rakitina O, Alekseenko I, Sverdlov E. Expression of EMT-Related Genes in Hybrid E/M Colorectal Cancer Cells Determines Fibroblast Activation and Collagen Remodeling. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218119. [PMID: 33143259 PMCID: PMC7662237 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Collagen, the main non-cellular component of the extracellular matrix (ECM), is profoundly reorganized during tumorigenesis and has a strong impact on tumor behavior. The main source of collagen in tumors is cancer-associated fibroblasts. Cancer cells can also participate in the synthesis of ECM; however, the contribution of both types of cells to collagen rearrangements during the tumor progression is far from being clear. Here, we investigated the processes of collagen biosynthesis and remodeling in parallel with the transcriptome changes during cancer cells and fibroblasts interactions. Combining immunofluorescence, RNA sequencing, and second harmonic generation microscopy, we have explored the relationships between the ratio of epithelial (E) and mesenchymal (M) components of hybrid E/M cancer cells, their ability to activate fibroblasts, and the contributions of both cell types to collagen remodeling. To this end, we studied (i) co-cultures of colorectal cancer cells and normal fibroblasts in a collagen matrix, (ii) patient-derived cancer-associated fibroblasts, and (iii) mouse xenograft models. We found that the activation of normal fibroblasts that form dense collagen networks consisting of large, highly oriented fibers depends on the difference in E/M ratio in the cancer cells. The more-epithelial cells activate the fibroblasts more strongly, which correlates with a dense and highly ordered collagen structure in tumors in vivo. The more-mesenchymal cells activate the fibroblasts to a lesser degree; on the other hand, this cell line has a higher innate collagen remodeling capacity. Normal fibroblasts activated by cancer cells contribute to the organization of the extracellular matrix in a way that is favorable for migratory potency. At the same time, in co-culture with epithelial cancer cells, the contribution of fibroblasts to the reorganization of ECM is more pronounced. Therefore, one can expect that targeting the ability of epithelial cancer cells to activate normal fibroblasts may provide a new anticancer therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Druzhkova
- Research Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 603005 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (I.D.); (M.S.); (N.I.); (V.D.); (M.L.); (E.Z.); (G.S.)
| | - Marina Shirmanova
- Research Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 603005 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (I.D.); (M.S.); (N.I.); (V.D.); (M.L.); (E.Z.); (G.S.)
| | - Nadezhda Ignatova
- Research Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 603005 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (I.D.); (M.S.); (N.I.); (V.D.); (M.L.); (E.Z.); (G.S.)
| | - Varvara Dudenkova
- Research Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 603005 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (I.D.); (M.S.); (N.I.); (V.D.); (M.L.); (E.Z.); (G.S.)
| | - Maria Lukina
- Research Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 603005 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (I.D.); (M.S.); (N.I.); (V.D.); (M.L.); (E.Z.); (G.S.)
| | - Elena Zagaynova
- Research Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 603005 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (I.D.); (M.S.); (N.I.); (V.D.); (M.L.); (E.Z.); (G.S.)
- Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Dina Safina
- Department of Molecular-Genetic Basis of Biotechnology and Protein Engineering, Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», 123182 Moscow, Russia; (D.S.); (S.K.); (I.A.); (E.S.)
| | - Sergey Kostrov
- Department of Molecular-Genetic Basis of Biotechnology and Protein Engineering, Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», 123182 Moscow, Russia; (D.S.); (S.K.); (I.A.); (E.S.)
| | - Dmitry Didych
- Department of Genomics and Postgenomic Technologies, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of The Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (D.D.); (O.R.)
| | - Alexey Kuzmich
- Department of Molecular-Genetic Basis of Biotechnology and Protein Engineering, Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», 123182 Moscow, Russia; (D.S.); (S.K.); (I.A.); (E.S.)
- Department of Genomics and Postgenomic Technologies, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of The Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (D.D.); (O.R.)
- Correspondence:
| | - George Sharonov
- Research Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 603005 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (I.D.); (M.S.); (N.I.); (V.D.); (M.L.); (E.Z.); (G.S.)
- Department of Genomics and Postgenomic Technologies, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of The Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (D.D.); (O.R.)
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga Rakitina
- Department of Genomics and Postgenomic Technologies, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of The Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (D.D.); (O.R.)
| | - Irina Alekseenko
- Department of Molecular-Genetic Basis of Biotechnology and Protein Engineering, Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», 123182 Moscow, Russia; (D.S.); (S.K.); (I.A.); (E.S.)
- Department of Genomics and Postgenomic Technologies, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of The Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (D.D.); (O.R.)
- Laboratory of Epigenetics, FSBI «National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician V.I. Kulakov» Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Eugene Sverdlov
- Department of Molecular-Genetic Basis of Biotechnology and Protein Engineering, Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», 123182 Moscow, Russia; (D.S.); (S.K.); (I.A.); (E.S.)
- National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute», 123182 Moscow, Russia
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Liao Q, Chen L, Zhang N, Xi Y, Hu S, Ng DM, Ahmed FYH, Zhao G, Fan X, Xie Y, Dai X, Jin Y, Ge J, Dong C, Zhang X, Guo J. Network analysis of KLF5 targets showing the potential oncogenic role of SNHG12 in colorectal cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:439. [PMID: 32943987 PMCID: PMC7487661 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01527-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND KLF5 is a member of the Kruppel-like factor, subfamily of zinc finger proteins that are involved in cancers. KLF5 functions as a transcription factor and regulates the diverse protein-coding genes (PCGs) in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulated by KLF5 in CRC are currently unknown. METHODS In this study, we first designed a computational pipeline to determine the PCG and lncRNA targets of KLF5 in CRC. Then we analyzed the motif pattern of the binding regions for the lncRNA targets. The regulatory co-factors of KLF5 were then searched for through bioinformatics analysis. We also constructed a regulatory network for KLF5 and annotated its functions. Finally, one of the KLF5 lncRNA targets, SNHG12, was selected to further explore its expression pattern and functions in CRC. RESULTS We were able to identify 19 lncRNA targets of KLF5 and found that the motifs of the lncRNA binding sites were GC-enriched. Next, we pinpointed the transcription factors AR and HSF1 as the regulatory co-factors of KLF5 through bioinformatics analysis. Then, through the analysis of the regulatory network, we found that KLF5 may be involved in DNA replication, DNA repair, and the cell cycle. Furthermore, in the cell cycle module, the SNHG12 up-regulating expression pattern was verified in the CRC cell lines and tissues, associating it to CRC invasion and distal metastasis. This indicates that SNHG12 may play a critical part in CRC tumorigenesis and progression. Additionally, expression of SNHG12 was found to be down-regulated in CRC cell lines when KLF5 expression was knocked-down by siRNA; and a strong correlation was observed between the expression levels of SNHG12 and KLF5, further alluding to their regulatory relationship. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, the network analysis of KLF5 targets indicates that SNHG12 may be a significant lncRNA in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Liao
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, 315211 Zhejiang China
| | - Linbo Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040 Zhejiang China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 China
| | - Yang Xi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, 315211 Zhejiang China
| | - Shiyun Hu
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, 315211 Zhejiang China
| | - Derry Minyao Ng
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, 315211 Zhejiang China
| | - Fatma Yislam Hadi Ahmed
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, 315211 Zhejiang China
| | - Guofang Zhao
- Hua Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Ningbo, 315000 China
| | - Xiaoxiang Fan
- Hua Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Ningbo, 315000 China
| | - Yangyang Xie
- Hua Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Ningbo, 315000 China
| | - Xiaoyu Dai
- Hua Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Ningbo, 315000 China
| | - Yanping Jin
- The Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315020 China
| | - Jiaxin Ge
- The Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315020 China
| | - Changzheng Dong
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, 315211 Zhejiang China
| | - Xinjun Zhang
- The Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315020 China
| | - Junming Guo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, 315211 Zhejiang China
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Nan C, Wang Y, Yang S, Chen Y. circCRKL suppresses the progression of prostate cancer cells by regulating the miR-141/KLF5 axis. Pathol Res Pract 2020; 216:153182. [PMID: 32919302 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2020.153182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (PCa) is a prevalent human malignancy in males. Circular RNA circCRKL (Hsa_circ_0001206) was reported to be lowly expressed in PCa tissues. However, the regulatory role of circCRKL in PCa is poorly defined. METHODS Levels of circCRKL, microRNA-141 (miR-141), and Kruppel-like factor (KLF5) were measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Cell cycle progression, apoptosis, migration, and invasion were examined by Flow cytometry, Wound healing, and transwell assays. The underlying relationship between miR-141 and circCRKL or KLF5 was predicted by starBase, and then verified by a dual-luciferase reporter, RNA Immunoprecipitation (RIP), and RNA pull-down assays. The protein level of KLF5 was assessed by western blot assay. The biological role of circCRKL was detected by a xenograft tumor model in vivo. RESULTS CircCRKL and KLF5 were decreased, and miR-141 was increased in PCa tissues and cells. The functional analysis discovered that the overexpression of circCRKL repressed cell cycle progression, migration, invasion, and boosted apoptosis of PCa cells. Mechanically, circCRKL could positively regulate KLF5 expression by sponging miR-141. In addition, circCRKL upregulation could hinder PCa tumor growth in vivo. CONCLUSION These findings revealed that circCRKL inhibited the progression of PCa through upregulating KLF5 expression by sponging miR-141, elucidating a novel regulatory pathway in PCa cells. Our research suggested an underlying circRNA-targeted therapy for PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunjin Nan
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Yijun Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Sen Yang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Yinghe Chen
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China.
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Li Y, Zhang B, Xiang L, Xia S, Kucuk O, Deng X, Boise LH, Dong JT. TGF-β causes Docetaxel resistance in Prostate Cancer via the induction of Bcl-2 by acetylated KLF5 and Protein Stabilization. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:7656-7670. [PMID: 32685011 PMCID: PMC7359077 DOI: 10.7150/thno.44567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States. As a first line treatment for hormone-refractory prostate cancer, docetaxel (DTX) treatment leads to suboptimal effect since almost all patients eventually develop DTX resistance. In this study, we investigated whether and how TGF-β affects DTX resistance of prostate cancer. Methods: Cytotoxicity of DTX in DU 145 and PC-3 cells was measured by CCK-8 and Matrigel colony formation assays. Resistance to DTX in DU 145 cells was examined in a xenograft tumorigenesis model. A luciferase reporter system was used to determine transcriptional activities. Gene expression was analyzed by RT-qPCR and Western blotting. Results: We found that KLF5 is indispensable in TGF-β-induced DTX resistance. Moreover, KLF5 acetylation at lysine 369 mediates DTX resistance in vitro and in vivo. We showed that the TGF-β/acetylated KLF5 signaling axis activates Bcl-2 expression transcriptionally. Furthermore, DTX-induced Bcl-2 degradation depends on a proteasome pathway, and TGF-β inhibits DTX-induced Bcl-2 ubiquitination. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that the TGF-β-acetylated KLF5-Bcl-2 signaling axis mediates DTX resistance in prostate cancer and blockade of this pathway could provide clinical insights into chemoresistance of prostate cancer.
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30
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Li Y, Kong R, Chen H, Zhao Z, Li L, Li J, Hu J, Zhang G, Pan S, Wang Y, Wang G, Chen H, Sun B. Overexpression of KLF5 is associated with poor survival and G1/S progression in pancreatic cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 11:5035-5057. [PMID: 31327760 PMCID: PMC6682527 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Despite improvements in surgical procedures and comprehensive therapies, pancreatic cancer remains one of the most aggressive and deadly human malignancies. It is therefore necessary to determine which cellular mediators associate with prognosis in pancreatic cancer so as to improve the treatment of this disease. In the present study, mRNA array and immunohistochemical analyses showed that KLF5 is highly expressed in tissue samples from three short-surviving patients with pancreatic cancer. Survival analysis using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas showed that patients highly expressing KLF5 exhibited shorter overall and tumor-free survival times. Mechanistically, KLF5 promoted expression of E2F1, cyclin D1 and Rad51, while inhibiting expression of p16 in pancreatic cancer cells. Finally, flow cytometric analyses verified that KLF5 promotes G1/S progression of the cell cycle in pancreatic cancer cells. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that KLF5 is an important prognostic biomarker in pancreatic cancer patients, and they shed light on the molecular mechanism by which KLF5 stimulates cell cycle progression in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilong Li
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Rui Kong
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Hongze Chen
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Zhongjie Zhao
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Le Li
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Jiating Li
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Jisheng Hu
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Guangquan Zhang
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Shangha Pan
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yongwei Wang
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Hua Chen
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Bei Sun
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150001, China
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Huang H, Han Y, Chen Z, Pan X, Yuan P, Zhao X, Zhu H, Wang J, Sun X, Shi P. ML264 inhibits osteosarcoma growth and metastasis via inhibition of JAK2/STAT3 and WNT/β-catenin signalling pathways. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:5652-5664. [PMID: 32285603 PMCID: PMC7214147 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 01/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma, the most common bone malignancy, has a high morbidity rate and poor prognosis. Krüppel‐like factor 5 (KLF5) is a key transcriptional regulator of cellular proliferation whose overexpression is observed in osteosarcoma cell lines (U2OS, 143B, MG63 and SAOS2). ML264, a small‐molecule inhibitor of KLF5, exerts antiproliferative effects in colorectal cancer; however, its function in osteosarcoma remains unknown. Here, we explored the possible antitumour effects of ML264 on 143B and U2OS cell lines and murine tumour xenograft model. ML264 suppressed proliferation and clonogenic ability of osteosarcoma cells in a dose‐dependent manner. Moreover, ML264 induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest, with no influence on apoptosis, and inhibited the migratory and invasive abilities of osteosarcoma cells, as demonstrated by wound‐healing and Transwell assays. Exposure to ML264 reduced the mRNA and protein levels of molecules associated with epithelial‐mesenchymal transition phenotype, including N‐cadherin, vimentin, Snail, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 9 and MMP13. Inhibition of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3 phosphorylation and Wnt signalling was also observed. In the murine model of osteosarcoma, tumour growth was efficiently suppressed following a 10‐day treatment with ML264. Collectively, our findings demonstrate the potential value of ML264 as a novel anticancer drug for osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Han
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhijun Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin Pan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Putao Yuan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiangde Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongfang Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiying Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuewu Sun
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peihua Shi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
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Li J, Zhang B, Liu M, Fu X, Ci X, A J, Fu C, Dong G, Wu R, Zhang Z, Fu L, Dong JT. KLF5 Is Crucial for Androgen-AR Signaling to Transactivate Genes and Promote Cell Proliferation in Prostate Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12030748. [PMID: 32245249 PMCID: PMC7140031 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12030748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Androgen/androgen receptor (AR) signaling drives both the normal prostate development and prostatic carcinogenesis, and patients with advanced prostate cancer often develop resistance to androgen deprivation therapy. The transcription factor Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) also regulates both normal and cancerous development of the prostate. In this study, we tested whether and how KLF5 plays a role in the function of AR signaling in prostate cancer cells. We found that KLF5 is upregulated by androgen depending on AR in LNCaP and C4-2B cells. Silencing KLF5, in turn, reduced AR transcriptional activity and inhibited androgen-induced cell proliferation and tumor growth in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, KLF5 occupied the promoter of AR, and silencing KLF5 repressed AR transcription. In addition, KLF5 and AR physically interacted with each other to regulate the expression of multiple genes (e.g., MYC, CCND1 and PSA) to promote cell proliferation. These findings indicate that, while transcriptionally upregulated by AR signaling, KLF5 also regulates the expression and transcriptional activity of AR in androgen-sensitive prostate cancer cells. The KLF5-AR interaction could provide a therapeutic opportunity for the treatment of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Li
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China (L.F.)
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China;
| | - Baotong Zhang
- Emory Winship Cancer Institute, Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365-C Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Mingcheng Liu
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China (L.F.)
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China;
| | - Xing Fu
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China (L.F.)
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China;
| | - Xinpei Ci
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Jun A
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China (L.F.)
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China;
| | - Changying Fu
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China (L.F.)
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China;
| | - Ge Dong
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China (L.F.)
| | - Rui Wu
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China (L.F.)
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China;
| | - Zhiqian Zhang
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China;
| | - Liya Fu
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China (L.F.)
| | - Jin-Tang Dong
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China;
- Emory Winship Cancer Institute, Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365-C Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Correspondence:
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Tranilast induces MiR-200c expression through blockade of RelA/p65 activity in leiomyoma smooth muscle cells. Fertil Steril 2020; 113:1308-1318. [PMID: 32199621 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2019.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the mechanism by which tranilast induces miR-200c expression in leiomyoma smooth muscle cells (LSMCs). DESIGN Experimental study. SETTING Academic research laboratory. PATIENT(S) Women undergoing hysterectomy for leiomyoma. INTERVENTION(S) Blockade of RelA/p65. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Effects of tranilast and blockade of RelA/p65 on miR-200c expression. RESULT(S) Tranilast, an inflammation inhibitor, dose-dependently induced miR-200c in LSMCs and myometrium smooth muscle cells (MSMCs), with a more profound effect in LSMCs than in MSMCs. The treatment of LSMCs with Bay 117082, an inhibitor of IκB phosphorylation, further enhanced miR-200c induction by tranilast. The knockdown of RelA/p65 by small interfering RNA also induced miR-200c expression in LSMCs. Although tranilast had no effect on total RelA/p65 protein levels in LSMCs, it significantly induced RelA/p65 phosphorylation at S536 while reducing its activity as well as its nuclear translocation. ChIP assay indicated that tranilast reduces the binding ability of RelA/p65 to miR-200c promoter, resulting in miR-200c induction. Tranilast also inhibited interleukin-8 (IL8) expression in LSMCs. The induction of miR-200c by tranilast partially mediates the inhibitory effect of tranilast on the expression of IL8 and cyclin-dependent kinase 2 in LSMCs. CONCLUSION(S) Induction of miR-200c by tranilast in LSMCs is mediated through a transcriptional mechanism involving inhibition of the nuclear factor κB signaling pathway. These results highlight the significance of inflammation in the pathogenesis of leiomyoma and the potential utility of antiinflammatory drugs for treatment of leiomyomas.
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Klf5 acetylation regulates luminal differentiation of basal progenitors in prostate development and regeneration. Nat Commun 2020; 11:997. [PMID: 32081850 PMCID: PMC7035357 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-14737-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate development depends on balanced cell proliferation and differentiation, and acetylated KLF5 is known to alter epithelial proliferation. It remains elusive whether post-translational modifications of transcription factors can differentially determine adult stem/progenitor cell fate. Here we report that, in human and mouse prostates, Klf5 is expressed in both basal and luminal cells, with basal cells preferentially expressing acetylated Klf5. Functionally, Klf5 is indispensable for maintaining basal progenitors, their luminal differentiation, and the proliferation of their basal and luminal progenies. Acetylated Klf5 is also essential for basal progenitors' maintenance and proper luminal differentiation, as deacetylation of Klf5 causes excess basal-to-luminal differentiation; attenuates androgen-mediated organoid organization; and retards postnatal prostate development. In basal progenitor-derived luminal cells, Klf5 deacetylation increases their proliferation and attenuates their survival and regeneration following castration and subsequent androgen restoration. Mechanistically, Klf5 deacetylation activates Notch signaling. Klf5 and its acetylation thus contribute to postnatal prostate development and regeneration by controlling basal progenitor cell fate.
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Yang J, Zeng P, Liu L, Yu M, Su J, Yan Y, Ma J, Hu W, Yang X, Han J, Duan Y, Chen Y. Food with calorie restriction reduces the development of atherosclerosis in apoE-deficient mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 524:439-445. [PMID: 32007274 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.01.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Calorie restriction (CR) ameliorates various diseases including cardiovascular disease. However, its protection and underlying mechanisms against atherosclerosis remain un-fully elucidated. In this study, we fed apoE deficient (apoE-/-) mice in Control group a high-fat diet (HFD, 21% fat plus 0.5% cholesterol) or in CR group a CR diet (CRD, 2% fat plus 0.5% cholesterol, ∼40% calorie restriction and same levels of cholesterol, vitamins, minerals and amino acids as in HFD). After 16 weeks feeding, compared with HFD, CRD substantially reduced atherosclerosis in mice. CRD increased SMC and collagen content but reduced macrophage content, necrotic core and vascular calcification in lesion areas. Mechanistically, CRD attenuated bodyweight gain, improved lipid profiles but had little effect on macrophage lipid metabolism. CRD also inhibited expression of inflammatory molecules in lesions. Taken together, our study demonstrates CRD effectively reduces atherosclerosis in apoE-/- mice, suggesting it as a potent and reproducible therapy for atherosclerosis management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Peng Zeng
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lipei Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Miao Yu
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jiamin Su
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institute, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Yali Yan
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institute, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Jialing Ma
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institute, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Wenquan Hu
- Department of Foundations of Medicine, NYU Long Island School of Medicine, New York University, NY, USA
| | - Xiaoxiao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institute, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Jihong Han
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China; Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institute, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Yajun Duan
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institute, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China.
| | - Yuanli Chen
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institute, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China.
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Transcription Factor and miRNA Interplays Can Manifest the Survival of ccRCC Patients. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11111668. [PMID: 31661791 PMCID: PMC6895828 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11111668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) still remains a higher mortality rate in worldwide. Obtaining promising biomakers is very crucial for improving the diagnosis and prognosis of ccRCC patients. Herein, we firstly identified eight potentially prognostic miRNAs (hsa-miR-144-5p, hsa-miR-223-3p, hsa-miR-365b-3p, hsa-miR-3613-5p, hsa-miR-9-5p, hsa-miR-183-5p, hsa-miR-335-3p, hsa-miR-1269a). Secondly, we found that a signature containing these eight miRNAs showed obviously superior to a single miRNA in the prognostic effect and credibility for predicting the survival of ccRCC patients. Thirdly, we discovered that twenty-two transcription factors (TFs) interact with these eight miRNAs, and a signature combining nine TFs (TFAP2A, KLF5, IRF1, RUNX1, RARA, GATA3, IKZF1, POU2F2, and FOXM1) could promote the prognosis of ccRCC patients. Finally, we further identified eleven genes (hsa-miR-365b-3p, hsa-miR-223-3p, hsa-miR-1269a, hsa-miR-144-5p, hsa-miR-183-5p, hsa-miR-335-3p, TFAP2A, KLF5, IRF1, MYC, IKZF1) that could combine as a signature to improve the prognosis effect of ccRCC patients, which distinctly outperformed the eight-miRNA signature and the nine-TF signature. Overall, we identified several new prognosis factors for ccRCC, and revealed a potential mechanism that TFs and miRNAs interplay cooperatively or oppositely regulate a certain number of tumor suppressors, driver genes, and oncogenes to facilitate the survival of ccRCC patients.
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An T, Dong T, Zhou H, Chen Y, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Li Z, Yang X. The transcription factor Krüppel-like factor 5 promotes cell growth and metastasis via activating PI3K/AKT/Snail signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 508:159-168. [PMID: 30473218 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.11.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The transcription factor Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) is highly expressed in many cancers and serves as a prognostic factor. However, the function of KLF5 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is unclear. In this study, we found that KLF5 was significantly overexpressed in HCC cell lines and specimens, and high KLF5 expression predicted a poor prognosis for HCC patients. Then, we studied the effects of KLF5 on the proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion of HCC cells in vitro and vivo. The inhibition of KLF5 markedly inhibited HCC growth and metastasis, while KLF5 overexpression promoted these processes. In addition, we observed that KLF5 could promote the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in HCC via the PI3K/AKT/Snail signaling pathway. The silencing of KLF5 in HCC cell lines downregulated the expression of N-cadherin, Vimentin and Snail and increased the expression of the epithelial marker E-cadherin. The expression of MMP2 and MMP9 was also decreased in KLF5-silenced HCC cells. However, opposite results were observed in the KLF5-overexpressing group. These results indicate that KLF5 plays a significant role in HCC progression and metastasis and induces EMT via activating PI3K/AKT/Snail signaling, and the inhibition of KLF5 may be a potential treatment modality for patients with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting An
- Department of Abdominal Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Tianxiu Dong
- Department of Abdominal Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Haoxin Zhou
- Department of Emergency Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Yaodong Chen
- Department of Abdominal Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Jiuwei Zhang
- Department of Abdominal Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Abdominal Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Zizhuo Li
- Department of Abdominal Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Xiuhua Yang
- Department of Abdominal Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China.
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Parekh U, Wu Y, Zhao D, Worlikar A, Shah N, Zhang K, Mali P. Mapping Cellular Reprogramming via Pooled Overexpression Screens with Paired Fitness and Single-Cell RNA-Sequencing Readout. Cell Syst 2018; 7:548-555.e8. [PMID: 30448000 DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2018.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the effects of genetic perturbations on the cellular state has been challenging using traditional pooled screens, which typically rely on the delivery of a single perturbation per cell and unidimensional phenotypic readouts. Here, we use barcoded open reading frame overexpression libraries coupled with single-cell RNA sequencing to assay cell state and fitness, a technique we call SEUSS (scalable functional screening by sequencing). Using SEUSS, we perturbed hPSCs with a library of developmentally critical transcription factors (TFs) and assayed the impact of TF overexpression on fitness and transcriptomic states. We further leveraged the versatility of the ORF library approach to assay mutant genes and whole gene families. From the transcriptomic responses, we built genetic co-regulatory networks to identify altered gene modules and found that KLF4 and SNAI2 drive opposing effects along the epithelial-mesenchymal transition axis. From the fitness responses, we identified ETV2 as a driver of reprogramming toward an endothelial-like state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udit Parekh
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Dongxin Zhao
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Atharv Worlikar
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Neha Shah
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Prashant Mali
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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Zhou T, Chen S, Mao X. miR-145-5p affects the differentiation of gastric cancer by targeting KLF5 directly. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:7634-7644. [PMID: 30367481 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) takes part in the pathologic processes of many types of cancer; however, its expression and roles in the biological behavior of gastric cancer remain unknown. TargetScan suggested that miR-145-5p is the predicted effective and conserved microRNA (miRNA) that binds to KLF5 through its 3'-untranslated region (UTR). We investigated the expression of KLF5 and miR-145-5p messenger RNA (mRNA) in gastric cancer and then analyzed its role in the biological behavior of gastric cancer cells. Our results indicated that KLF5 expression was detected by immunohistochemistry in 39.7% of the gastric cancer cases and was increased compared with that of the corresponding noncancerous normal mucosa (0.01 < p < 0.05). The poorly differentiated subtype showed positive KLF5 expression, whereas the differentiated subtype showed negative KLF5 expression (p < 0.05). Dual-luciferase reporter assay suggested KLF5 3'-UTR was the direct target of miR-145-5p. Compared with the differentiated gastric cancer, miR-145-5p was downregulated in undifferentiated gastric cancer (p < 0.05). The downregulation of KLF5 expression and differentiation of MGC-803 and BGC-823 caused by siKLF5 or miR-145-5p mimic transfection. Our results indicated that miR-145-5p/KLF5 3'-UTR affected the differentiation of gastric cancer. miR-145-5p was able to promote gastric cancer differentiation by targeting KLF5 3'-UTR directly. Our data suggest a novel mechanism for cancer differentiation and a new facet to the role of miR-145-5p/KLF5 in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taicheng Zhou
- Departments of Gastroenterological Surgery and Hernia Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuang Chen
- Departments of Gastroenterological Surgery and Hernia Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoyun Mao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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TTK promotes mesenchymal signaling via multiple mechanisms in triple negative breast cancer. Oncogenesis 2018; 7:69. [PMID: 30206215 PMCID: PMC6133923 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-018-0077-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormal expression of TTK kinase has been associated with the initiation, progression, and therapeutic resistance of breast and other cancers, but its roles remain to be clarified. In this study, we examined the role of TTK in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), and found that higher TTK expression correlated with mesenchymal and proliferative phenotypes in TNBC cells. Pharmacologic inhibition and genomic silencing of TTK not only reversed the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in TNBC cells, but also increased the expression of KLF5, an effector of TGF-β signaling and inhibitor of EMT. In addition, TTK inhibition decreased the expression of EMT-associated micro-RNA miR-21 but increased the expression of miR-200 family members and suppressed TGF-β signaling. To test if upregulation of KLF5 plays a role in TTK-induced EMT, TTK and KLF5 were silenced simultaneously, which reversed the decreased EMT caused by loss of TTK. Consistently, the decrease in miR-21 expression and increase in miR-200 expression caused by TTK silencing were rescued by loss of KLF5. Altogether, this study highlights a novel role and signaling pathway for TTK in regulating EMT of TN breast cancer cells through TGF-β and KLF5 signaling, highlighting targetable signaling pathways for TTK inhibitors in aggressive breast cancer.
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Salinas-Torres VM, Salinas-Torres RA, Cerda-Flores RM, Gallardo-Blanco HL, Martínez-de-Villarreal LE. A clinical-pathogenetic approach on associated anomalies and chromosomal defects supports novel candidate critical regions and genes for gastroschisis. Pediatr Surg Int 2018; 34:931-943. [PMID: 30094464 DOI: 10.1007/s00383-018-4331-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastroschisis has been assumed to have a low rate of syndromic and primary malformations. We aimed to systematically review and explore the frequency and type of malformations/chromosomal syndromes and to identify significant biological/genetic roles in gastroschisis. METHODS Population-based, gastroschisis-associated anomalies/chromosomal defects published 1950-2018 (PubMed/MEDLINE) were independently searched by two reviewers. Associated anomalies/chromosomal defects and selected clinical characteristics were subdivided and pooled by race, system/region, isolated, and associated cases (descriptive analysis and chi-square test were performed). Critical regions/genes from representative chromosomal syndromes including an enrichment analysis using Gene Ontology Consortium/Panther Classification System databases were explored. Fisher's exact test with False Discovery Rate multiple test correction was performed. RESULTS Sixty-eight articles and 18525 cases as a base were identified (prevalence of 17.9 and 3% for associated anomalies/chromosomal defects, respectively). There were 3596 associated anomalies, prevailing those cardiovascular (23.3%) and digestive (20.3%). Co-occurring anomalies were associated with male, female, American Indian, Caucasian, prenatally diagnosed, chromosomal defects, and mortality (P < 0.00001). Gene clusters on 21q22.11 and 21q22.3 (KRTAP), 18q21.33 (SERPINB), 18q22.1 (CDH7, CDH19), 13q12.3 (FLT1), 13q22.1 (KLF5), 13q22.3 (EDNRB), and 13q34 (COL4A1, COL4A2, F7, F10) were significantly related to biological processes: blood pressure regulation and/or vessel integrity, angiogenesis, coagulation, cell-cell and/or cell-matrix adhesion, dermis integrity, and wound healing (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that gastroschisis may result from the interaction of several chromosomal regions in an additive manner as a pool of candidate genes were identified from critical regions supporting a role for vascular disruption, thrombosis, and mesodermal deficiency in the pathogenesis of gastroschisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor M Salinas-Torres
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario José Eleuterio González, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Ave. Madero y Gonzalitos S/N Col. Mitras Centro, CP 64460, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México.
| | - Rafael A Salinas-Torres
- Departamento de Sistemas y Computación, Instituto Tecnológico de Tijuana, Calzada del Tecnológico S/N Fracc. Tomas Aquino, CP 22414, Tijuana, Baja California, México
| | - Ricardo M Cerda-Flores
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Enfermería, Dr. José Eleuterio González 1500, Mitras Centro, CP 64460, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México
| | - Hugo L Gallardo-Blanco
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario José Eleuterio González, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Ave. Madero y Gonzalitos S/N Col. Mitras Centro, CP 64460, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México
| | - Laura E Martínez-de-Villarreal
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario José Eleuterio González, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Ave. Madero y Gonzalitos S/N Col. Mitras Centro, CP 64460, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México
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Liu Z, Liu X, Liu S, Cao Q. Cholesterol promotes the migration and invasion of renal carcinoma cells by regulating the KLF5/miR-27a/FBXW7 pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 502:69-75. [PMID: 29782853 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.05.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common and lethal subtype of renal cell carcinoma. Accumulation of cholesterol and cholesterol ester is a remarkable feature of ccRCC. However, the effect of cholesterol on ccRCC remains unknown. Out results showed that cholesterol treatment significantly promoted cells migration and invasion in ccRCC. Mechanism analysis indicated that cholesterol induced KLF5 expression. KLF5 positively regulated the transcription of miR-27a, increasing miR-27a expression. MiR-27a directly targeted FBXW7 by binding to its 3'UTR, reducing FBXW7 expression. FBXW7 silencing further increased the expression of KLF5 and miR-27a, and promoted cells migration and invasion. These results suggested that cholesterol accelerated ccRCC cells migration and invasion by regulating KLF5/miR-27a/FBXW7 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Liu
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, PR China
| | - Xiaowen Liu
- Department of Center Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, PR China
| | - Qingwei Cao
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, PR China.
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43
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The miR-200b/200a/429 cluster prevents metastasis and induces dormancy in a murine claudin-low mammary tumor cell line. Exp Cell Res 2018; 369:17-26. [PMID: 29702103 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The miR-200 family of microRNAs consisting of miR-141, miR-200a, miR-200b, miR-200c and miR-429 are emerging as important regulators of breast cancer progression. This family of microRNAs maintain mammary epithelial identity and downregulation of miR-200 expression has been associated with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in mammary tumors. Therefore, re-expression of one or more miR-200 family members in mammary tumor cells with mesenchymal characteristics may restore an epithelial phenotype including growth and metastasis suppression. To test this hypothesis, the miR-200b/200a/429 cluster was re-expressed in a murine claudin-low cell line, RJ423. Re-expression of the miR-200b/200a/429 cluster in RJ423 cells significantly suppressed the expression of Vim, Snai1, Twist1, Twist2 and Zeb1, reverted RJ423 cells to a more epithelial morphology and significantly inhibited proliferation in vitro. Moreover, the miR-200b/200a/429 cluster prevented lung metastasis in an experimental metastasis model and although tumor initiation was not prevented, re-expression of the miR-200b/200a/429 cluster induced a dormancy-like state where mammary tumors failed to grow beyond ~150 mm3 or grew extremely slowly following intra-mammary injection. These dormant tumors contained elevated levels of collagen and were highly vascularized. Therefore, re-expression of the miR-200b/200a/429 cluster in the claudin-low mammary tumor cell line, RJ423, is sufficient to alter cell morphology, impair metastasis and induce tumor dormancy.
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Tao R, Zhang B, Li Y, King JL, Tian R, Xia S, Schiavon CR, Dong JT. HDAC-mediated deacetylation of KLF5 associates with its proteasomal degradation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 500:777-782. [PMID: 29679567 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.04.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) is a basic transcription factor that regulates diverse cellular processes during tumor development. Acetylation of KLF5 at lysine 369 (K369) reverses its function from promoting to suppressing cell proliferation and tumor growth. In this study, we examined the regulation of KLF5 by histone deacetylases in the prostate cancer cell line DU 145. While confirming the functions of HDAC1/2 in KLF5 deacetylation and the promotion of cell proliferation, we found that the knockdown of HDAC1/2 upregulated KLF5 protein but not KLF5 mRNA, and the increase in KLF5 protein level by silencing HDAC1/2 was at least in part due to decreased proteasomal degradation. Deacetylase activity was required for HDAC1/2-mediated KLF5 degradation, and mutation of KLF5 to an acetylation-mimicking form prevented its degradation, even though the mutation did not affect the binding of KLF5 with HDAC1/2. Mutation of K369 to arginine, which prevents acetylation, did not affect the binding of KLF5 to HDAC1 or the response of KLF5 to HDAC1/2-promoted degradation. These findings provide a novel mechanistic association between the acetylation status of KLF5 and its protein stability. They also suggest that maintaining KLF5 in a deacetylated form may be an important mechanism by which KLF5 and HDACs promote cell proliferation and tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Tao
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365C Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Baotong Zhang
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365C Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Yixiang Li
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365C Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Jamie L King
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365C Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Ruoyu Tian
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Siyuan Xia
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365C Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Cara Rae Schiavon
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365C Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Jin-Tang Dong
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365C Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China.
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45
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A transcription factor network represses CFTR gene expression in airway epithelial cells. Biochem J 2018; 475:1323-1334. [PMID: 29572268 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20180044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene cause the inherited disorder cystic fibrosis (CF). Lung disease is the major cause of CF morbidity, though CFTR expression levels are substantially lower in the airway epithelium than in pancreatic duct and intestinal epithelia, which also show compromised function in CF. Recently developed small molecule therapeutics for CF are highly successful for one specific CFTR mutation and have a positive impact on others. However, the low abundance of CFTR transcripts in the airway limits the opportunity for drugs to correct the defective substrate. Elucidation of the transcriptional mechanisms for the CFTR locus has largely focused on intragenic and intergenic tissue-specific enhancers and their activating trans-factors. Here, we investigate whether the low CFTR levels in the airway epithelium result from the recruitment of repressive proteins directly to the locus. Using an siRNA screen to deplete ∼1500 transcription factors (TFs) and associated regulatory proteins in Calu-3 lung epithelial cells, we identified nearly 40 factors that upon depletion elevated CFTR mRNA levels more than 2-fold. A subset of these TFs was validated in primary human bronchial epithelial cells. Among the strongest repressors of airway expression of CFTR were Krüppel-like factor 5 and Ets homologous factor, both of which have pivotal roles in the airway epithelium. Depletion of these factors, which are both recruited to an airway-selective cis-regulatory element at -35 kb from the CFTR promoter, improved CFTR production and function, thus defining novel therapeutic targets for enhancement of CFTR.
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David CJ, Massagué J. Contextual determinants of TGFβ action in development, immunity and cancer. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2018; 19:419-435. [PMID: 29643418 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-018-0007-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 523] [Impact Index Per Article: 87.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Few cell signals match the impact of the transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) family in metazoan biology. TGFβ cytokines regulate cell fate decisions during development, tissue homeostasis and regeneration, and are major players in tumorigenesis, fibrotic disorders, immune malfunctions and various congenital diseases. The effects of the TGFβ family are mediated by a combinatorial set of ligands and receptors and by a common set of receptor-activated mothers against decapentaplegic homologue (SMAD) transcription factors, yet the effects can differ dramatically depending on the cell type and the conditions. Recent progress has illuminated a model of TGFβ action in which SMADs bind genome-wide in partnership with lineage-determining transcription factors and additionally integrate inputs from other pathways and the chromatin to trigger specific cellular responses. These new insights clarify the operating logic of the TGFβ pathway in physiology and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles J David
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Joan Massagué
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
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In-Silico Integration Approach to Identify a Key miRNA Regulating a Gene Network in Aggressive Prostate Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19030910. [PMID: 29562723 PMCID: PMC5877771 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19030910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Like other cancer diseases, prostate cancer (PC) is caused by the accumulation of genetic alterations in the cells that drives malignant growth. These alterations are revealed by gene profiling and copy number alteration (CNA) analysis. Moreover, recent evidence suggests that also microRNAs have an important role in PC development. Despite efforts to profile PC, the alterations (gene, CNA, and miRNA) and biological processes that correlate with disease development and progression remain partially elusive. Many gene signatures proposed as diagnostic or prognostic tools in cancer poorly overlap. The identification of co-expressed genes, that are functionally related, can identify a core network of genes associated with PC with a better reproducibility. By combining different approaches, including the integration of mRNA expression profiles, CNAs, and miRNA expression levels, we identified a gene signature of four genes overlapping with other published gene signatures and able to distinguish, in silico, high Gleason-scored PC from normal human tissue, which was further enriched to 19 genes by gene co-expression analysis. From the analysis of miRNAs possibly regulating this network, we found that hsa-miR-153 was highly connected to the genes in the network. Our results identify a four-gene signature with diagnostic and prognostic value in PC and suggest an interesting gene network that could play a key regulatory role in PC development and progression. Furthermore, hsa-miR-153, controlling this network, could be a potential biomarker for theranostics in high Gleason-scored PC.
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48
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Direct conversion of injury-site myeloid cells to fibroblast-like cells of granulation tissue. Nat Commun 2018; 9:936. [PMID: 29507336 PMCID: PMC5838200 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03208-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation, following injury, induces cellular plasticity as an inherent component of physiological tissue repair. The dominant fate of wound macrophages is unclear and debated. Here we show that two-thirds of all granulation tissue fibroblasts, otherwise known to be of mesenchymal origin, are derived from myeloid cells which are likely to be wound macrophages. Conversion of myeloid to fibroblast-like cells is impaired in diabetic wounds. In cross-talk between keratinocytes and myeloid cells, miR-21 packaged in extracellular vesicles (EV) is required for cell conversion. EV from wound fluid of healing chronic wound patients is rich in miR-21 and causes cell conversion more effectively compared to that by fluid from non-healing patients. Impaired conversion in diabetic wound tissue is rescued by targeted nanoparticle-based delivery of miR-21 to macrophages. This work introduces a paradigm wherein myeloid cells are recognized as a major source of fibroblast-like cells in the granulation tissue.
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49
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Yang W, Xu T, Qiu P, Xu G. Caveolin-1 promotes pituitary adenoma cells migration and invasion by regulating the interaction between EGR1 and KLF5. Exp Cell Res 2018; 367:7-14. [PMID: 29309750 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) is a principal structural protein of caveolae. Cav-1 has been implicated in cancer progression, but its precise functional roles in pituitary adenoma cells remain largely unclear. In this study, we evidenced that the level of cav-1 was elevated in the invasive pituitary adenoma. Cav-1 knockdown restrained the migration and invasion of pituitary adenoma cells. In cav-1-depleting cells, the expression of miR-145, miR-124 and miR-183 were up-regulated. Further investigation showed that cav-1 knockdown inhibited the nuclear translocation of EGR1, reducing the interaction between EGR1 and KLF5. The resulting free KLF5 promoted the expression of miR-145, miR-124 and miR-183 by binding to their promoters, which was blocked by EGR1. Luciferase reporter assay indicated that miR-145 targeted FSCN1, miR-124 targeted PTTG1IP, and miR-183 targeted EZR in pituitary adenoma cells, respectively. Knockdown of FSCN1, PTTG1IP or EZR suppressed the migration and invasion of pituitary adenoma cells. In conclusion, our data suggested that the elevated cav-1 promoted pituitary adenoma cells migration and invasion by regulating the interaction between EGR1 and KLF5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yang
- Department of neurosurgery, Shandong provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China
| | - Tongjiang Xu
- Department of neurosurgery, Shandong provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China
| | - Peng Qiu
- Department of neurosurgery, Shandong provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China
| | - Guangming Xu
- Department of neurosurgery, Shandong provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China.
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Bartoszewski R, Serocki M, Janaszak-Jasiecka A, Bartoszewska S, Kochan-Jamrozy K, Piotrowski A, Króliczewski J, Collawn JF. miR-200b downregulates Kruppel Like Factor 2 (KLF2) during acute hypoxia in human endothelial cells. Eur J Cell Biol 2017; 96:758-766. [PMID: 29042072 PMCID: PMC5677561 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2017.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 10/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of microRNAs in controlling angiogenesis is recognized as a promising therapeutic target in both cancer and cardiovascular disorders. However, understanding a miRNA's pleiotropic effects on angiogenesis is a limiting factor for these types of therapeutic approaches. Using genome-wide next-generation sequencing, we examined the role of an antiangiogenic miRNA, miR-200b, in primary human endothelial cells. The results indicate that miR-200b has complex effects on hypoxia-induced angiogenesis in human endothelia and importantly, that many of the reported miR-200b effects using miRNA overexpression may not be representative of the physiological role of this miRNA. We also identified the antiangiogenic KLF2 gene as a novel target of miR-200b. Our studies indicate that the physiological changes in miR-200b levels during acute hypoxia may actually have a proangiogenic effect through Klf2 downregulation and subsequent stabilization of HIF-1 signaling. Moreover, we provide a viable approach for differentiating direct from indirect miRNA effects in order to untangle the complexity of individual miRNA networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafal Bartoszewski
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Marcin Serocki
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Anna Janaszak-Jasiecka
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Sylwia Bartoszewska
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Kinga Kochan-Jamrozy
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Piotrowski
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Jarosław Króliczewski
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Poland
| | - James F Collawn
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
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