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Xiao S, Han X, Bai S, Chen R. Analysis of immune cell infiltration characteristics in severe acute pancreatitis through integrated bioinformatics. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8711. [PMID: 38622245 PMCID: PMC11018854 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59205-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The etiopathogenesis of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) remains poorly understood. We aim to investigate the role of immune cells Infiltration Characteristics during SAP progression. Gene expression profiles of the GSE194331 dataset were retrieved from the GEO. Lasso regression and random forest algorithms were employed to select feature genes from genes related to SAP progression and immune responses. CIBERSORT was utilized to estimate differences in immune cell types and proportions and the relationship between immune cells and gene expression. We performed pathway enrichment analysis using GSEA to examine disparities in KEGG signaling pathways when comparing the two groups. Additionally, CMap analysis was executed to identify prospective small molecular compounds. The three hub genes (CBLB, JADE2, RNF144A) were identified that can predict SAP progression. Analysis of CIBERSORT and TISIDB databases has shown that there are significant differences in immune cell expression levels between the normal and SAP groups, and three hub genes (CBLB, JADE2, RNF144A) were highly correlated with multiple immune cells, regulating the characteristics of immune cell infiltration in the microenvironment. Finally, drug prediction through the Connectivity Map database suggested that compounds such as Entecavir, KU-0063794, Y-27632, and Antipyrine have certain effects as potential targeted drugs for the treatment of SAP. CBLB, JADE2, and RNF144A are hub genes in SAP, potentially playing important roles in SAP progression. This finding further broadens the understanding of the etiopathogenesis of SAP and provides a feasible basis for future research on diagnostic and immunotherapeutic targets for SAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Xiao
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, Tengzhou, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Department of Nutriology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Shuhui Bai
- Department of General Practice, Jining First People's Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of General Practice, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China.
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2
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Yu H, Yang W, Cao M, Lei Q, Yuan R, Xu H, Cui Y, Chen X, Su X, Zhuo H, Lin L. Mechanism study of ubiquitination in T cell development and autoimmune disease. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1359933. [PMID: 38562929 PMCID: PMC10982411 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1359933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
T cells play critical role in multiple immune processes including antigen response, tumor immunity, inflammation, self-tolerance maintenance and autoimmune diseases et. Fetal liver or bone marrow-derived thymus-seeding progenitors (TSPs) settle in thymus and undergo T cell-lineage commitment, proliferation, T cell receptor (TCR) rearrangement, and thymic selections driven by microenvironment composed of thymic epithelial cells (TEC), dendritic cells (DC), macrophage and B cells, thus generating T cells with diverse TCR repertoire immunocompetent but not self-reactive. Additionally, some self-reactive thymocytes give rise to Treg with the help of TEC and DC, serving for immune tolerance. The sequential proliferation, cell fate decision, and selection during T cell development and self-tolerance establishment are tightly regulated to ensure the proper immune response without autoimmune reaction. There are remarkable progresses in understanding of the regulatory mechanisms regarding ubiquitination in T cell development and the establishment of self-tolerance in the past few years, which holds great potential for further therapeutic interventions in immune-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yu
- Department of Urology, Medical Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Second Chengdu Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenyong Yang
- Department of Urology, Medical Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Second Chengdu Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
| | - Min Cao
- Department of Urology, Medical Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Second Chengdu Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qingqiang Lei
- Department of Urology, Medical Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Second Chengdu Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
| | - Renbin Yuan
- Department of Urology, Medical Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Second Chengdu Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
| | - He Xu
- Department of Urology, Medical Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Second Chengdu Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuqian Cui
- Department of Urology, Medical Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Second Chengdu Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuerui Chen
- Department of Urology, Medical Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Second Chengdu Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xu Su
- Department of Urology, Medical Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Second Chengdu Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hui Zhuo
- Department of Urology, Medical Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Second Chengdu Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liangbin Lin
- Department of Urology, Medical Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Second Chengdu Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
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3
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Hu X, Li E, Zhou Y, You Q, Jiang Z. Casitas b cell lymphoma‑B (Cbl-b): A new therapeutic avenue for small-molecule immunotherapy. Bioorg Med Chem 2024; 102:117677. [PMID: 38457911 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2024.117677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Immunotherapy has revolutionized the area of cancer treatment. Although most immunotherapies now are antibodies targeting membrane checkpoint molecules, there is an increasing demand for small-molecule drugs that address intracellular pathways. The E3 ubiquitin ligase Casitas B cell lymphoma‑b (Cbl-b) has been regarded as a promising intracellular immunotherapy target. Cbl-b regulates the downstream proteins of multiple membrane receptors and co-receptors, restricting the activation of the innate and adaptive immune system. Recently, Cbl-b inhibitors have been reported with promising effects on immune surveillance activation and anti-tumor efficacy. Several molecules have entered phase Ⅰ clinical trials. In this review, the biological rationale of Cbl-b as a promising target for cancer immunotherapy and the latest research progress of Cbl-b are summarized, with special emphasis on the allosteric small-molecule inhibitors of Cbl-b.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuqi Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Erdong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yangguo Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Qidong You
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Zhengyu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Eggert J, Zinzow-Kramer WM, Hu Y, Kolawole EM, Tsai YL, Weiss A, Evavold BD, Salaita K, Scharer CD, Au-Yeung BB. Cbl-b mitigates the responsiveness of naive CD8 + T cells that experience extensive tonic T cell receptor signaling. Sci Signal 2024; 17:eadh0439. [PMID: 38319998 PMCID: PMC10897907 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.adh0439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Naive T cells experience tonic T cell receptor (TCR) signaling in response to self-antigens presented by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) in secondary lymphoid organs. We investigated how relatively weak or strong tonic TCR signals influence naive CD8+ T cell responses to stimulation with foreign antigens. The heterogeneous expression of Nur77-GFP, a transgenic reporter of tonic TCR signaling, in naive CD8+ T cells suggests variable intensities or durations of tonic TCR signaling. Although the expression of genes associated with acutely stimulated T cells was increased in Nur77-GFPHI cells, these cells were hyporesponsive to agonist TCR stimulation compared with Nur77-GFPLO cells. This hyporesponsiveness manifested as diminished activation marker expression and decreased secretion of IFN-γ and IL-2. The protein abundance of the ubiquitin ligase Cbl-b, a negative regulator of TCR signaling, was greater in Nur77-GFPHI cells than in Nur77-GFPLO cells, and Cbl-b deficiency partially restored the responsiveness of Nur77-GFPHI cells. Our data suggest that the cumulative effects of previously experienced tonic TCR signaling recalibrate naive CD8+ T cell responsiveness. These changes include gene expression changes and negative regulation partially dependent on Cbl-b. This cell-intrinsic negative feedback loop may enable the immune system to restrain naive CD8+ T cells with higher self-reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Eggert
- Division of Immunology, Lowance Center for Human Immunology, Department of Medicine, Emory University; Atlanta, 30322, USA
| | - Wendy M. Zinzow-Kramer
- Division of Immunology, Lowance Center for Human Immunology, Department of Medicine, Emory University; Atlanta, 30322, USA
| | - Yuesong Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University; Atlanta, 30322, USA
| | - Elizabeth M. Kolawole
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, 84112, USA
| | - Yuan-Li Tsai
- Rosalind Russell and Ephraim P. Engleman Rheumatology Research Center, Departments of Medicine and of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco; San Francisco, 94143, USA
| | - Arthur Weiss
- Rosalind Russell and Ephraim P. Engleman Rheumatology Research Center, Departments of Medicine and of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco; San Francisco, 94143, USA
| | - Brian D. Evavold
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, 84112, USA
| | - Khalid Salaita
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University; Atlanta, 30322, USA
| | | | - Byron B. Au-Yeung
- Division of Immunology, Lowance Center for Human Immunology, Department of Medicine, Emory University; Atlanta, 30322, USA
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5
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Zhou L, Yang J, Zhang K, Wang T, Jiang S, Zhang X. Rising Star in Immunotherapy: Development and Therapeutic Potential of Small-Molecule Inhibitors Targeting Casitas B Cell Lymphoma-b (Cbl-b). J Med Chem 2024; 67:816-837. [PMID: 38181380 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Casitas B cell lymphoma-b (Cbl-b) is a vital negative regulator of TCR and BCR signaling pathways, playing a significant role in setting an appropriate threshold for the activation of T cells and controlling the tolerance of peripheral T cells via a variety of mechanisms. Overexpression of Cbl-b leads to immune hyporesponsiveness of T cells. Conversely, the deficiency of Cbl-b in T cells results in markedly increased production of IL-2, even in the lack of CD28 costimulation in vitro. And Cbl-b-/- mice spontaneously reject multifarious cancers. Therefore, Cbl-b may be associated with immune-mediated diseases, and blocking Cbl-b could be considered as a new antitumor immunotherapy strategy. In this review, the possible regulatory mechanisms and biological potential of Cbl-b for antitumor immunotherapy are summarized. Besides, the potential roles of Cbl-b in immune-mediated diseases are comprehensively discussed, with emphasis on Cbl-b immune-oncology agents in the preclinical stage and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixin Zhou
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jiamei Yang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Kuojun Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Tianyu Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Sheng Jiang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
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Miyauchi S, Arimoto KI, Liu M, Zhang Y, Zhang DE. Reprogramming of tumor-associated macrophages via NEDD4-mediated CSF1R degradation by targeting USP18. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113560. [PMID: 38100351 PMCID: PMC10822669 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated myeloid cells modulate the tumor microenvironment and affect tumor progression. Type I interferon (IFN-I) has multiple effects on tumors and immune response, and ubiquitin-specific peptidase 18 (USP18) functions as a negative regulator of IFN-I signal transduction. This study aims to examine the function of IFN-I in myeloid cells during tumor progression. Here, we show that deletion of USP18 in myeloid cells suppresses tumor progression. Enhanced IFN-I signaling and blocked USP18 expression prompt downregulation of colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) and polarization of tumor-associated macrophages toward pro-inflammatory phenotypes. Further in vitro experiments reveal that downregulation of CSF1R is mediated by ubiquitin-proteasome degradation via E3 ligase neural precursor cell-expressed, developmentaly downregulated 4 (NEDD4) and the IFN-induced increase in ubiquitin E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme H5. USP18 impairs ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of CSF1R by interrupting NEDD4 binding to CSF1R. These results reveal a previously unappreciated role of IFN-I in macrophage polarization by regulating CSF1R via USP18 and suggest targeting USP18 in myeloid-lineage cells as an effective strategy for IFN-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayuri Miyauchi
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Kei-Ichiro Arimoto
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Mengdan Liu
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Yue Zhang
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Dong-Er Zhang
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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Kim DY, Lim B, Lim D, Park W, Lee KT, Cho ES, Lim KS, Cheon SN, Choi BH, Park JE, Kim JM. Integrative methylome and transcriptome analysis of porcine abdominal fat indicates changes in fat metabolism and immune responses during different development. J Anim Sci 2022; 100:skac302. [PMID: 36074647 PMCID: PMC9733533 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skac302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Fat is involved in synthesizing fatty acids (FAs), FA circulation, and lipid metabolism. Various genetic studies have been conducted on porcine fat but understanding the growth and specific adipose tissue is insufficient. The purpose of this study is to investigate the epigenetic difference in abdominal fat according to the growth of porcine. The samples were collected from the porcine abdominal fat of different developmental stages (10 and 26 weeks of age). Then, the samples were sequenced using MBD-seq and RNA-seq for profiling DNA methylation and RNA expression. In 26 weeks of age pigs, differentially methylated genes (DMGs) and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified as 2,251 and 5,768, compared with 10 weeks of age pigs, respectively. Gene functional analysis was performed using GO and KEGG databases. In functional analysis results of DMGs and DEGs, immune responses such as chemokine signaling pathways, B cell receptor signaling pathways, and lipid metabolism terms such as PPAR signaling pathways and fatty acid degradation were identified. It is thought that there is an influence between DNA methylation and gene expression through changes in genes with similar functions. The effects of DNA methylation on gene expression were investigated using cis-regulation and trans-regulation analysis to integrate and interpret different molecular layers. In the cis-regulation analysis using 629 overlapping genes between DEGs and DMGs, immune response functions were identified, while in trans-regulation analysis through the TF-target gene network, the co-expression network of lipid metabolism-related functions was distinguished. Our research provides an understanding of the underlying mechanisms for epigenetic regulation in porcine abdominal fat with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do-Young Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeonghwi Lim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Dajeong Lim
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Woncheol Park
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Tai Lee
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Seok Cho
- Swine Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam-do 31000, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Sang Lim
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Si Nae Cheon
- Animal Welfare Research Team, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong-Hwan Choi
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Eun Park
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju-si, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Mo Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do 17546, Republic of Korea
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Han S, Liu ZQ, Chung DC, Paul MS, Garcia-Batres CR, Sayad A, Elford AR, Gold MJ, Grimshaw N, Ohashi PS. Overproduction of IFNγ by Cbl-b-Deficient CD8+ T Cells Provides Resistance against Regulatory T Cells and Induces Potent Antitumor Immunity. Cancer Immunol Res 2022; 10:437-452. [PMID: 35181779 PMCID: PMC9662906 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-20-0973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Treg) are an integral component of the adaptive immune system that negatively affect antitumor immunity. Here, we investigated the role of the E3 ubiquitin ligase casitas B-lineage lymphoma-b (Cbl-b) in establishing CD8+ T-cell resistance to Treg-mediated suppression to enhance antitumor immunity. Transcriptomic analyses suggested that Cbl-b regulates pathways associated with cytokine signaling and cellular proliferation. We showed that the hypersecretion of IFNγ by Cbl-b-deficient CD8+ T cells selectively attenuated CD8+ T-cell suppression by Tregs. Although IFNγ production by Cbl-b-deficient T cells contributed to phenotypic alterations in Tregs, the cytokine did not attenuate the suppressive function of Tregs. Instead, IFNγ had a profound effect on CD8+ T cells by directly upregulating interferon-stimulated genes and modulating T-cell activation. In murine models of adoptive T-cell therapy, Cbl-b-deficient T cells elicited superior antitumor immune response. Furthermore, Cbl-b-deficient CD8+ T cells were less susceptible to suppression by Tregs in the tumor through the effects of IFNγ. Collectively, this study demonstrates that the hypersecretion of IFNγ serves as a key mechanism by which Cbl-b-deficient CD8+ T cells are rendered resistant to Tregs. See related Spotlight by Wolf and Baier, p. 370.
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Affiliation(s)
- SeongJun Han
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Faculty of Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zhe Qi Liu
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Faculty of Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Douglas C. Chung
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Faculty of Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael St. Paul
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Faculty of Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Azin Sayad
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alisha R. Elford
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Matthew J. Gold
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Natasha Grimshaw
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Pamela S. Ohashi
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Faculty of Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Corresponding Author: Pamela S. Ohashi, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, 610 University Avenue, 9-406, Toronto ON M5G 2M9, Canada. Phone: 416-946-4501 ×3689; E-mail:
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Jin Q, Lin L, Zhao T, Yao X, Teng Y, Zhang D, Jin Y, Yang M. Overexpression of E3 ubiquitin ligase Cbl attenuates endothelial dysfunction in diabetes mellitus by inhibiting the JAK2/STAT4 signaling and Runx3-mediated H3K4me3. J Transl Med 2021; 19:469. [PMID: 34798872 PMCID: PMC8605525 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-03069-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus (DM), a most common chronic disease, is featured with impaired endothelial function and bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO), while E3 ubiquitin ligase appears to alleviate endothelial dysfunction as a promising option for DM treatment. Herein, we aimed to determine whether E3 ubiquitin ligase casitas B-lineage lymphoma (Cbl) alleviates endothelial dysfunction in DM rats by JAK2/STAT4 pathway. METHODS A rat model of DM was developed through intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin, followed by collection of aortic tissues to determine the expression of Cbl, JAK2, runt-related transcription factor 3 (Runx3) and STAT4. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were cultured in high glucose (HG) condition to induce DM as an in vitro model. With gain- and loss-function method, we assessed the aberrantly expressed Cb1 on endothelial dysfunction, NO production and apoptosis of HUVECs. RESULTS Cbl was reduced in DM rat tissues and HG-induced HUVECs, where JAK2, Runx3 and STAT4 were elevated. It was found that overexpression of Cbl alleviated endothelial dysfunction by increasing NO production and restoring vasodilation and suppressing apoptosis of HUVECs. Mechanistically, Cb1 enhanced JAK2 ubiquitination and decreased JAK2 and STAT4 expression, where STAT4 improved Runx3 expression by regulating histone H3 lysine 4 trimethylation level. Overexpression of JAK2 and STAT4, or Runx3 increased apoptosis of HUVECs, abrogating the effect of Cb1 on endothelial function. CONCLUSION In conclusion, Cbl alleviates endothelial dysfunction by inactivation of the JAK2/STAT4 pathway and inhibition of Runx3 expression in DM. These evidence might underlie novel Cbl-based treatment against DM in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingsong Jin
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, No. 717, Mouping District, Yantai, 264100, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangyan Lin
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, No. 717, Mouping District, Yantai, 264100, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Tiantian Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, No. 717, Mouping District, Yantai, 264100, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Yao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, No. 717, Mouping District, Yantai, 264100, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaqin Teng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, No. 717, Mouping District, Yantai, 264100, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongdong Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, No. 717, Mouping District, Yantai, 264100, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongjun Jin
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, No. 717, Mouping District, Yantai, 264100, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Meizi Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, No. 522, Huanghe Third Road, Yantai, 264003, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
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Gavali S, Liu J, Li X, Paolino M. Ubiquitination in T-Cell Activation and Checkpoint Inhibition: New Avenues for Targeted Cancer Immunotherapy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10800. [PMID: 34639141 PMCID: PMC8509743 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The advent of T-cell-based immunotherapy has remarkably transformed cancer patient treatment. Despite their success, the currently approved immunotherapeutic protocols still encounter limitations, cause toxicity, and give disparate patient outcomes. Thus, a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms of T-cell activation and inhibition is much needed to rationally expand targets and possibilities to improve immunotherapies. Protein ubiquitination downstream of immune signaling pathways is essential to fine-tune virtually all immune responses, in particular, the positive and negative regulation of T-cell activation. Numerous studies have demonstrated that deregulation of ubiquitin-dependent pathways can significantly alter T-cell activation and enhance antitumor responses. Consequently, researchers in academia and industry are actively developing technologies to selectively exploit ubiquitin-related enzymes for cancer therapeutics. In this review, we discuss the molecular and functional roles of ubiquitination in key T-cell activation and checkpoint inhibitory pathways to highlight the vast possibilities that targeting ubiquitination offers for advancing T-cell-based immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Magdalena Paolino
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, 17176 Solna, Sweden; (S.G.); (J.L.); (X.L.)
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11
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Yang Y, Zou P, He L, Shao J, Tang Y, Li J. CBL aggravates Ang II-induced cardiac hypertrophy via the VHL/HIF-1α pathway. Exp Cell Res 2021; 405:112730. [PMID: 34242624 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
CBL (Casitas B cell lymphoma), an important ubiquitin protein ligase, is involved in protein folding, protein maturation, and proteasome-dependent protein catabolism in different cells. However, its role in cardiac hypertrophy is still unclear. In this study, we found that expression of CBL is increased in an Ang II-induced mouse cardiac hypertrophy animal model and in Ang II-treated H9C2 cells. Interference with CBL expression attenuates the degree of myocardial hypertrophy as well as the expression of hypertrophy-related genes in H9C2 cells. Further research found that CBL aggravates myocardial hypertrophy by activating HIF-1α, which is an aggravating factor for hypertrophy. The effect of CBL on promoting myocardial hypertrophy was reversed by interference with HIF-1α. Mechanistically, we found that CBL directly interacted with and degraded VHL by increasing its ubiquitination level, which is a widely accepted regulatory factor of HIF-1α. Finally, our results showed that CBL was partially dependent on degradation of VHL and that activation of HIF-1α promoted myocardial hypertrophy. Collectively, these findings suggest that strategies based on activation of the CBL/HIF-1α axis might be promising for the treatment of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Yang
- Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China.
| | - Pengtao Zou
- Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China.
| | - Lin He
- Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China.
| | - Jun Shao
- Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China.
| | - Yanhua Tang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China.
| | - Juxiang Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China.
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12
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Nuro-Gyina PK, Tang N, Guo H, Yan C, Zeng Q, Waldschmidt TJ, Zhang J. HECT E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Nedd4 Is Required for Antifungal Innate Immunity. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2021; 207:868-877. [PMID: 34282001 PMCID: PMC8324540 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Candida albicans is the most common cause of fungal infections in humans, and disseminated candidiasis has become one of the leading causes of hospital-acquired bloodstream infections with a high mortality rate. However, little is known about the host-pathogen interactions and the mechanisms of antifungal immunity. Here, we report that Nedd4 (neuronal precursor cell-expressed developmentally downregulated 4) is essential for signaling through Dectin-1 and Dectin-2/3. We showed that mice that lack Nedd4 globally or only in the myeloid compartment are highly susceptible to systemic C. albicans infection, which correlates with heightened organ fungal burden, defective inflammatory response, impaired leukocyte recruitment to the kidneys, and defective reactive oxygen species expression by granulocytes. At the molecular level, Nedd4 -/- macrophages displayed impaired activation of TGF-β-activating kinase-1 and NF-κB, but normal activation of spleen tyrosine kinase and protein kinase C-δ on C. albicans yeast and hyphal infections. These data suggest that Nedd4 regulates signaling events downstream of protein kinase C-δ but upstream of or at TGF-β-activating kinase-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick K Nuro-Gyina
- Biomedical Science Graduate Program, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; and
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Na Tang
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Hui Guo
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Chengkai Yan
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Qiuming Zeng
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | | | - Jian Zhang
- Biomedical Science Graduate Program, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; and
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
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13
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Jafari D, Mousavi MJ, Keshavarz Shahbaz S, Jafarzadeh L, Tahmasebi S, Spoor J, Esmaeilzadeh A. E3 ubiquitin ligase Casitas B lineage lymphoma-b and its potential therapeutic implications for immunotherapy. Clin Exp Immunol 2021; 204:14-31. [PMID: 33306199 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The distinction of self from non-self is crucial to prevent autoreactivity and ensure protection from infectious agents and tumors. Maintaining the balance between immunity and tolerance of immune cells is strongly controlled by several sophisticated regulatory mechanisms of the immune system. Among these, the E3 ligase ubiquitin Casitas B cell lymphoma-b (Cbl-b) is a newly identified component in the ubiquitin-dependent protein degradation system, which is thought to be an important negative regulator of immune cells. An update on the current knowledge and new concepts of the relevant immune homeostasis program co-ordinated by Cbl-b in different cell populations could pave the way for future immunomodulatory therapies of various diseases, such as autoimmune and allergic diseases, infections, cancers and other immunopathological conditions. In the present review, the latest findings are comprehensively summarized on the molecular structural basis of Cbl-b and the suppressive signaling mechanisms of Cbl-b in physiological and pathological immune responses, as well as its emerging potential therapeutic implications for immunotherapy in animal models and human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Jafari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.,Immunotherapy Research and Technology Group, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - M J Mousavi
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Allied medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Keshavarz Shahbaz
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - L Jafarzadeh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Tahmasebi
- Department of Immunology, School of public health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - J Spoor
- Erasmus University Medical Centre, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - A Esmaeilzadeh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.,Immunotherapy Research and Technology Group, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.,Cancer Gene Therapy Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
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14
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Tang J, Tu S, Lin G, Guo H, Yan C, Liu Q, Huang L, Tang N, Xiao Y, Pope RM, Rajaram MVS, Amer AO, Ahmer BM, Gunn JS, Wozniak DJ, Tao L, Coppola V, Zhang L, Langdon WY, Torrelles JB, Lipkowitz S, Zhang J. Sequential ubiquitination of NLRP3 by RNF125 and Cbl-b limits inflammasome activation and endotoxemia. J Exp Med 2020; 217:133674. [PMID: 31999304 PMCID: PMC7144527 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20182091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant NLRP3 inflammasome activation contributes to the development of endotoxemia. The importance of negative regulation of NLRP3 inflammasomes remains poorly understood. Here, we show that the E3 ubiquitin ligase Cbl-b is essential for preventing endotoxemia induced by a sub-lethal dose of LPS via a caspase-11/NLRP3-dependent manner. Further studies show that NLRP3 undergoes both K63- and K48-linked polyubiquitination. Cbl-b binds to the K63-ubiquitin chains attached to the NLRP3 leucine-rich repeat domain (LRR) via its ubiquitin-associated region (UBA) and then targets NLRP3 at K496 for K48-linked ubiquitination and proteasome-mediated degradation. We also identify RNF125 as an additional E3 ubiquitin ligase that initiates K63-linked ubiquitination of the NLRP3 LRR domain. Therefore, NLRP3 is sequentially ubiquitinated by K63- and K48-linked ubiquitination, thus keeping the NLRP3 inflammasomes in check and restraining endotoxemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Tang
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.,Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Sha Tu
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA.,Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoxin Lin
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.,Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA.,Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Guo
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.,Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Chengkai Yan
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Qingjun Liu
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Ling Huang
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Na Tang
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Yizhi Xiao
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - R Marshall Pope
- Proteomics Facility, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA
| | - Murugesan V S Rajaram
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Amal O Amer
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Brian M Ahmer
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - John S Gunn
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Daniel J Wozniak
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Lijian Tao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Vincenzo Coppola
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Liwen Zhang
- Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Wallace Y Langdon
- School of Biomedical Science, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Jordi B Torrelles
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Stanley Lipkowitz
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.,Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
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15
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Mellett M. Regulation and dysregulation of CARD14 signalling and its physiological consequences in inflammatory skin disease. Cell Immunol 2020; 354:104147. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2020.104147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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16
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Li J, Li X, Song J, Yan B, Rock S, Jia J, Liu J, Wang C, Weiss T, Weiss HL, Gao T, Alam A, Evers BM. Absence of neurotensin attenuates intestinal dysbiosis and inflammation by maintaining Mmp7/α-defensin axis in diet-induced obese mice. FASEB J 2020; 34:8596-8610. [PMID: 32359121 PMCID: PMC7754978 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902374rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported that high levels of plasma neurotensin (NT), a gut hormone released from enteroendocrine cells of the small bowel, contribute to obesity and comorbid conditions. Gut microbiota has been implicated in the obesity development. Paneth cells are critical in maintaining gut microbiota composition and homeostasis by releasing antimicrobial proteins including α-defensins. The purpose of our current study was to determine the possible role of NT in gut microbiota composition and α-defensin gene expression associated with obesity. Here we show that the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B ratio) and intestinal proinflammatory cytokines is significantly increased in NT+/+ mice fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) which were improved in NT-deficient mice. HFD disrupted the intestinal Mmp7/α-defensin axis, which was completely prevented in NT-/- mice. In addition, NT treatment inhibited DEFA5 expression and concurrent NF-κB activity, which was blocked by a pan PKC inhibitor (Gö6983) or an inhibitor for atypical PKCs (CRT0066854). More importantly, the shRNA-mediated knockdown of atypical PKCτ reversed NT-attenuated DEFA5 expression and increased NF-κB activity. NT contributes to the HFD-induced disruption of gut microbiota composition and α-defensin expression. PKCτ/λ plays a central role in NT-mediated α-defensin gene expression which might be mediated through the inhibition of NF-κB signaling pathways in Paneth cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Department of Surgery, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Xian Li
- Department of Surgery, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Jun Song
- Department of Surgery, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Baoxiang Yan
- Department of Surgery, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Stephanie Rock
- Department of Surgery, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Jianhang Jia
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Jinpeng Liu
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Chi Wang
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Todd Weiss
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Heidi L. Weiss
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Tianyan Gao
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Ashfaqul Alam
- Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - B. Mark Evers
- Department of Surgery, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
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17
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Ge Y, Paisie TK, Chen S, Concannon P. UBASH3A Regulates the Synthesis and Dynamics of TCR-CD3 Complexes. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 203:2827-2836. [PMID: 31659016 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1801338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The TCR-CD3 complex is a multicomponent membrane receptor, the expression of which is tightly regulated in thymocytes, as well as in mature T cells both at steady state and upon stimulation. In this study, we report novel roles for UBASH3A in TCR-CD3 synthesis and turnover. UBASH3A is a negative regulator of T cell function and plays a broad role in autoimmunity. We show that modulation of UBASH3A levels in unstimulated Jurkat cells leads to altered amounts of total cellular CD3 chains and of cell-surface TCR-CD3 complexes; in contrast, UBASH3A does not affect the level of cell-surface CD28, an important T cell costimulatory receptor. Upon TCR engagement, UBASH3A enhances the downmodulation of cell-surface TCR-CD3. Mass spectrometry and protein-protein interaction studies uncover novel associations between UBASH3A and components of several cellular pathways involved in the regulation of TCR-CD3 turnover and dynamics, including endoplasmic reticulum-associated protein degradation, cell motility, endocytosis, and endocytic recycling of membrane receptors. Finally, we demonstrate that the SH3 domain of UBASH3A mediates its binding to CBL-B, an E3 ubiquitin ligase that negatively regulates CD28-mediated signaling and, hence, T cell activation. In summary, this study provides new mechanistic insights into how UBASH3A regulates T cell activation and contributes to autoimmunity. The interaction between UBASH3A and CBL-B may synergistically inhibit T cell function and affect risk for type 1 diabetes, as both genes have been shown to be associated with this autoimmune disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ge
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610; .,Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610
| | - Taylor K Paisie
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610.,Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610.,Genetics and Genomics Graduate Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610
| | - Sixue Chen
- Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610.,Genetics and Genomics Graduate Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610.,Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611.,Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611; and.,Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610
| | - Patrick Concannon
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610; .,Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610
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18
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Han S, Toker A, Liu ZQ, Ohashi PS. Turning the Tide Against Regulatory T Cells. Front Oncol 2019; 9:279. [PMID: 31058083 PMCID: PMC6477083 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T (Treg) cells play crucial roles in health and disease through their immunosuppressive properties against various immune cells. In this review we will focus on the inhibitory role of Treg cells in anti-tumor immunity. We outline how Treg cells restrict T cell function based on our understanding of T cell biology, and how we can shift the equilibrium against regulatory T cells. To date, numerous strategies have been proposed to limit the suppressive effects of Treg cells, including Treg cell neutralization, destabilizing Treg cells and rendering T cells resistant to Treg cells. Here, we focus on key mechanisms which render T cells resistant to the suppressive effects of Treg cells. Lastly, we also examine current limitations and caveats of overcoming the inhibitory activity of Treg cells, and briefly discuss the potential to target Treg cell resistance in the context of anti-tumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- SeongJun Han
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Aras Toker
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Zhe Qi Liu
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Pamela S Ohashi
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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19
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Wartewig T, Ruland J. PD-1 Tumor Suppressor Signaling in T Cell Lymphomas. Trends Immunol 2019; 40:403-414. [PMID: 30979616 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The inhibitory receptor PD-1 is critical to balancing antigen-induced T cell activation; its inhibition is currently being explored to enhance antitumor T cell immunity with certain successful outcomes. However, PD-1 has also emerged as a central tumor suppressor in T cell lymphomas, where the tumor cell originates from a T cell itself. These aggressive cancers are frequently characterized by oncogenic mutations in T cell receptor (TCR) signaling pathways. PD-1 activity within malignant T cells can negatively regulate the PI3K/AKT and PKCθ/NF-κB tumor survival pathways and PD-1 is frequently inactivated in this human malignancy. This review summarizes current insights into oncogenic T cell signaling, discusses tumor-suppressive functions and mechanisms of PD-1 in T cell lymphomagenesis, and addresses potential unwanted effects caused by PD-1 checkpoint inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Wartewig
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Jürgen Ruland
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Munich, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site, Munich, Germany.
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20
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Zhang S, Lin X. CARMA3: Scaffold Protein Involved in NF-κB Signaling. Front Immunol 2019; 10:176. [PMID: 30814996 PMCID: PMC6381293 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Scaffold proteins are defined as pivotal molecules that connect upstream receptors to specific effector molecules. Caspase recruitment domain protein 10 (CARD10) gene encodes a scaffold protein CARMA3, belongs to the family of CARD and membrane-associated guanylate kinase-like protein (CARMA). During the past decade, investigating the function of CARMA3 has revealed that it forms a complex with BCL10 and MALT1 to mediate different receptors-dependent signaling, including GPCR and EGFR, leading to activation of the transcription factor NF-κB. More recently, CARMA3 and its partners are also reported to be involved in antiviral innate immune response and DNA damage response. In this review, we summarize the biology of CARMA3 in multiple receptor-induced NF-κB signaling. Especially, we focus on discussing the function of CARMA3 in regulating NF-κB activation and antiviral IFN signaling in the context of recent progress in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xin Lin
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing, China
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21
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Ouyang S, Zeng Q, Tang N, Guo H, Tang R, Yin W, Wang A, Tang H, Zhou J, Xie H, Langdon WY, Yang H, Zhang J. Akt-1 and Akt-2 Differentially Regulate the Development of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis by Controlling Proliferation of Thymus-Derived Regulatory T Cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 202:1441-1452. [PMID: 30692211 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1701204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Akt isoforms play key roles in multiple cellular processes; however, the roles of Akt-1 and Akt-2 isoforms in the development of T cell-mediated autoimmunity are poorly defined. In this study, we showed that Akt1-/- mice develop ameliorated experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a mouse model of multiple sclerosis, whereas Akt2-/- mice develop exacerbated EAE, compared with wild-type mice. At the cellular level, Akt-1 appears to inhibit proliferation of thymus-derived regulatory T cells (tTregs), which facilitates Ag-specific Th1/Th17 responses. In a sharp contrast to Akt-1, Akt-2 potentiates tTreg proliferation in vitro and in vivo and suppresses Ag-specific Th1/Th17 responses. Furthermore, treating mice with established EAE with a specific Akt-1 inhibitor suppressed disease progression. Our data demonstrate that Akt-1 and Akt-2 differentially regulate the susceptibility of mice to EAE by controlling tTreg proliferation. Our data also indicate that targeting Akt-1 is a potential therapeutic approach for multiple sclerosis in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Ouyang
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210.,Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, People's Republic of China.,Medical Center of Neurology, First Hospital of Changsha City, South China University, Changsha, Hunan 410005, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuming Zeng
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210.,Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
| | - Na Tang
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
| | - Hui Guo
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210.,Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
| | - Rong Tang
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210.,Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Weifan Yin
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Aimin Wang
- Medical Center of Neurology, First Hospital of Changsha City, South China University, Changsha, Hunan 410005, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyu Tang
- Medical Center of Neurology, First Hospital of Changsha City, South China University, Changsha, Hunan 410005, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiru Zhou
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, First Hospital of Changsha City, South China University, Changsha, Hunan 410005, People's Republic of China; and
| | - Hong Xie
- Medical Center of Neurology, First Hospital of Changsha City, South China University, Changsha, Hunan 410005, People's Republic of China
| | - Wallace Y Langdon
- School of Biomedical Science, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Huan Yang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, People's Republic of China;
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210; .,Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
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22
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Ruland J, Hartjes L. CARD–BCL-10–MALT1 signalling in protective and pathological immunity. Nat Rev Immunol 2018; 19:118-134. [DOI: 10.1038/s41577-018-0087-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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23
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Tang R, Langdon WY, Zhang J. Regulation of immune responses by E3 ubiquitin ligase Cbl-b. Cell Immunol 2018; 340:103878. [PMID: 30442330 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Casitas B lymphoma-b (Cbl-b), a RING finger E3 ubiquitin ligase, has been identified as a critical regulator of adaptive immune responses. Cbl-b is essential for establishing the threshold for T cell activation and regulating peripheral T cell tolerance through various mechanisms. Intriguingly, recent studies indicate that Cbl-b also modulates innate immune responses, and plays a key role in host defense to pathogens and anti-tumor immunity. These studies suggest that targeting Cbl-b may represent a potential therapeutic strategy for the management of human immune-related disorders such as autoimmune diseases, infections, tumors, and allergic airway inflammation. In this review, we summarize the latest developments regarding the roles of Cbl-b in innate and adaptive immunity, and immune-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Tang
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Wallace Y Langdon
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
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24
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Peer S, Cappellano G, Hermann-Kleiter N, Albrecht-Schgoer K, Hinterleitner R, Baier G, Gruber T. Regulation of Lymphatic GM-CSF Expression by the E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Cbl-b. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2311. [PMID: 30349541 PMCID: PMC6186797 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies as well as lymphatic expression analyses have linked both Cbl-b and GM-CSF to human multiple sclerosis as well as other autoimmune diseases. Both Cbl-b and GM-CSF have been shown to play a prominent role in the development of murine encephalomyelitis; however, no functional connection between the two has yet been established. In this study, we show that Cblb knockout mice demonstrated significantly exacerbated severity of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), augmented T cell infiltration into the central nervous system (CNS) and strongly increased production of GM-CSF in T cells in vitro and in vivo.GM-CSF neutralization demonstrated that the increased susceptibility of Cblb−/− mice to EAE was dependent on GM-CSF. Mechanistically, p50 binding to the GM-CSF promoter and the IL-3/GM-CSF enhancer element “CNSa” was strongly increased in nuclear extracts from Cbl-b-deficient T cells. This study suggests that Cbl-b limits autoimmunity by preventing the pathogenic effects of GM-CSF overproduction in T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Peer
- Division of Translational Cell Genetics, Department for Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Giuseppe Cappellano
- Division of Translational Cell Genetics, Department for Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.,Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Natascha Hermann-Kleiter
- Division of Translational Cell Genetics, Department for Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Karin Albrecht-Schgoer
- Division of Translational Cell Genetics, Department for Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Reinhard Hinterleitner
- Division of Translational Cell Genetics, Department for Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.,Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Gottfried Baier
- Division of Translational Cell Genetics, Department for Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Thomas Gruber
- Division of Translational Cell Genetics, Department for Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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25
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Wesley EM, Xin G, McAllister D, Malarkannan S, Newman DK, Dwinell MB, Cui W, Johnson BD, Riese MJ. Diacylglycerol kinase ζ (DGKζ) and Casitas b-lineage proto-oncogene b-deficient mice have similar functional outcomes in T cells but DGKζ-deficient mice have increased T cell activation and tumor clearance. Immunohorizons 2018; 2:107-118. [PMID: 30027154 DOI: 10.4049/immunohorizons.1700055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting negative regulators downstream of the T cell receptor (TCR) represents a novel strategy to improve cancer immunotherapy. Two proteins that serve as critical inhibitory regulators downstream of the TCR are diacylglycerol kinase ζ (DGKζ), a regulator of Ras and PKC-θ signaling, and Casitas b-lineage proto-oncogene b (Cbl-b), an E3 ubiquitin ligase that predominantly regulates PI(3)K signaling. We sought to compare the signaling and functional effects that result from deletion of DGKζ, Cbl-b, or both (double knockout, DKO) in T cells, and to evaluate tumor responses generated in a clinically relevant orthotopic pancreatic tumor model. We found that whereas deletion of Cbl-b primarily served to enhance NF-κB signaling, deletion of DGKζ enhanced TCR-mediated signal transduction downstream of Ras/Erk and NF-κB. Deletion of DGKζ or Cbl-b comparably enhanced CD8+ T cell functional responses, such as proliferation, production of IFNγ, and generation of granzyme B when compared with WT T cells. DKO T cells demonstrated enhanced function above that observed with single knockout T cells after weak, but not strong, stimulation. Deletion of DGKζ, but not Cbl-b, however, resulted in significant increases in numbers of activated (CD44hi) CD8+ T cells in both non-treated and tumor-bearing mice. DGKζ-deficient mice also had enhanced control of pancreatic tumor cell growth compared to Cbl-b-deficient mice. This represents the first direct comparison between mice of these genotypes and suggests that T cell immunotherapies may be better improved by targeting TCR signaling molecules that are regulated by DGKζ as opposed to molecules regulated by Cbl-b.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin M Wesley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Gang Xin
- Blood Research Institute, Blood Center of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Donna McAllister
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Subramaniam Malarkannan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI.,Blood Research Institute, Blood Center of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Debra K Newman
- Blood Research Institute, Blood Center of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Michael B Dwinell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Weiguo Cui
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI.,Blood Research Institute, Blood Center of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Bryon D Johnson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Matthew J Riese
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI.,Blood Research Institute, Blood Center of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
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26
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Zeng P, Ma J, Yang R, Liu YC. Immune Regulation by Ubiquitin Tagging as Checkpoint Code. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2017; 410:215-248. [PMID: 28929193 DOI: 10.1007/82_2017_64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The immune system is equipped with effective machinery to mobilize its activation to defend invading microorganisms, and at the same time, to refrain from attacking its own tissues to maintain immune tolerance. The balance of activation and tolerance is tightly controlled by diverse mechanisms, since breakdown of tolerance could result in disastrous consequences such as the development of autoimmune diseases. One of the mechanisms is by the means of protein ubiquitination, which involves the process of tagging a small peptide ubiquitin to protein substrates. E3 ubiquitin ligases are responsible for catalyzing the final step of ubiquitin-substrate conjugation by specifically recognizing substrates to determine their fates of degradation or functional modification. The ubiquitination process is reversible, which is carried out by deubiquitinating enzymes to release the ubiquitin molecule from the conjugated substrates. Protein ubiquitination and deubiquitination serve as checkpoint codes in many key steps of lymphocyte regulation including the development, activation, differentiation, and tolerance induction. In this chapter, we will discuss a few E3 ligases and deubiquitinating enzymes that are important in controlling immune responses, with emphasis on their roles in T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zeng
- Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jieyu Ma
- Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Runqing Yang
- Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yun-Cai Liu
- Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China. .,Division of Cell Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
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27
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Zhang L, Teng Y, Fan Y, Wang Y, Li W, Shi J, Ma Y, Li C, Shi X, Qu X, Liu Y. The E3 ubiquitin ligase Cbl-b improves the prognosis of RANK positive breast cancer patients by inhibiting RANKL-induced cell migration and metastasis. Oncotarget 2016; 6:22918-33. [PMID: 26087197 PMCID: PMC4673209 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The receptor activator of nuclear factor κ-B ligand (RANKL)/RANK pathway plays an important role in breast cancer progression. Despite the known role of Casitas B-lineage lymphoma (Cbl)-b as an essential regulator of the RANKL/RANK pathway, its effect on RANK pathway in breast cancer remains unclear. Thus, the present study investigated the effect of Cbl-b on the prognosis of RANK-expressing breast cancer patients, as well as on RANKL/RANK pathway. The results showed that RANK and Cbl-b expression was separately detected in 154 (154/300, 51.3%) and 165 (165/300, 55.0%) breast cancer tissue samples. In RANK-expressing breast cancer patients, Cbl-b expression was correlated with low metastasis rate (p = 0.004), better disease-free survival (DFS) and breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) (p = 0.004 and p = 0.036, respectively). In addition, multivariate analysis showed that Cbl-b expression was an independent predictor of DFS (p = 0.038). Animal experiment results demonstrated that silencing Cbl-b expression in breast cancer cells increased the incidence of lung metastasis in nude mice. Further mechanism investigation revealed that Cbl-b down-regulated RANK protein expression and inhibited RANKL-induced breast cancer cell migration by negatively regulating the Src-Akt/ERK pathway. Our results suggest that Cbl-b improves the prognosis of RANK-expressing breast cancer patients by inhibiting RANKL-induced breast cancer cell migration and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyun Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuee Teng
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yibo Fan
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jing Shi
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yanju Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ce Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaonan Shi
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiujuan Qu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yunpeng Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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28
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Xiao Y, Tang J, Guo H, Zhao Y, Tang R, Ouyang S, Zeng Q, Rappleye C, Rajaram MV, Schlesinger LS, Tao L, Brown GD, Langdon WY, Li BT, Zhang J. Targeting CBLB as a potential therapeutic approach for disseminated candidiasis. Nat Med 2016; 22:906-14. [PMID: 27428899 PMCID: PMC4975523 DOI: 10.1038/nm.4141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Disseminated candidiasis has become one of the leading causes of hospital-acquired blood stream infections with high mobility and mortality. However, the molecular basis of host defense against disseminated candidiasis remains elusive, and treatment options are limited. Here we report that the E3 ubiquitin ligase CBLB directs polyubiquitination of dectin-1 and dectin-2, two key pattern-recognition receptors for sensing Candida albicans, and their downstream kinase SYK, thus inhibiting dectin-1- and dectin-2-mediated innate immune responses. CBLB deficiency or inactivation protects mice from systemic infection with a lethal dose of C. albicans, and deficiency of dectin-1, dectin-2, or both in Cblb(-/-) mice abrogates this protection. Notably, silencing the Cblb gene in vivo protects mice from lethal systemic C. albicans infection. Our data reveal that CBLB is crucial for homeostatic control of innate immune responses mediated by dectin-1 and dectin-2. Our data also indicate that CBLB represents a potential therapeutic target for protection from disseminated candidiasis.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/immunology
- Animals
- Blotting, Western
- Candida albicans
- Candidiasis, Invasive/genetics
- Candidiasis, Invasive/immunology
- Cytokines/immunology
- Dendritic Cells/immunology
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
- Gene Knockdown Techniques
- Humans
- Immunity, Innate/genetics
- Immunity, Innate/immunology
- Immunoprecipitation
- Inflammasomes/immunology
- Lectins, C-Type/metabolism
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/immunology
- Macrophages/immunology
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Microscopy, Confocal
- Mutagenesis, Site-Directed
- Neutrophils/immunology
- Phagocytosis/genetics
- Phagocytosis/immunology
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-cbl/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-cbl/immunology
- Reactive Oxygen Species/immunology
- Syk Kinase/metabolism
- Ubiquitination/genetics
- Ubiquitination/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Xiao
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
- Department of Nephrology, Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Juan Tang
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Hui Guo
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Yixia Zhao
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Rong Tang
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Song Ouyang
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Changsha, University of South China, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Qiuming Zeng
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Chad Rappleye
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Murugesan V.S. Rajaram
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Larry S. Schlesinger
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Lijian Tao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Gordon D. Brown
- Aberdeen Fungal Group, MRC Centre for Medical Mycology, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Wallace Y. Langdon
- School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - Belinda T. Li
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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29
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Carson WF, Guernsey LA, Singh A, Secor ER, Wohlfert EA, Clark RB, Schramm CM, Kunkel SL, Thrall RS. Cbl-b Deficiency in Mice Results in Exacerbation of Acute and Chronic Stages of Allergic Asthma. Front Immunol 2015; 6:592. [PMID: 26635806 PMCID: PMC4653292 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Mice sensitized to ovalbumin (OVA) develop allergic airway disease (AAD) with short-term daily OVA aerosol challenge; inflammation resolves with long-term OVA aerosol exposure, resulting in local inhalational tolerance (LIT). Cbl-b is an E3 ubiquitin ligase involved with CD28 signaling; Cbl-b−/− effector T cells are resistant to regulatory T cell-mediated suppression in vitro and in vivo. The present study utilized Cbl-b−/− mice to investigate the role of Cbl-b in the development of AAD and LIT. Cbl-b−/− mice exhibited increased airway inflammation during AAD, which failed to resolve with long-term OVA aerosol exposure. Exacerbation of inflammation in Cbl-b−/− mice correlated with increased proinflammatory cytokine levels and expansion of effector T cells in the BAL during AAD, but did not result in either a modulation of lymphocyte subsets in systemic tissues or in OVA-specific IgE in serum. These results implicate a role for Cbl-b in the resolution of allergic airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- William F Carson
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, MI , USA
| | - Linda A Guernsey
- Department of Immunology, University of Connecticut Health Center , Farmington, CT , USA
| | - Anurag Singh
- Department of Immunology, University of Connecticut Health Center , Farmington, CT , USA
| | - Eric R Secor
- Department of Immunology, University of Connecticut Health Center , Farmington, CT , USA
| | - Elizabeth A Wohlfert
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Connecticut Health Center , Farmington, CT , USA
| | - Robert B Clark
- Department of Immunology, University of Connecticut Health Center , Farmington, CT , USA
| | - Craig M Schramm
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University at Buffalo , Buffalo, NY , USA
| | - Steven L Kunkel
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, MI , USA
| | - Roger S Thrall
- Department of Immunology, University of Connecticut Health Center , Farmington, CT , USA
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30
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Xiao Y, Qiao G, Tang J, Tang R, Guo H, Warwar S, Langdon WY, Tao L, Zhang J. Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase SHP-1 Modulates T Cell Responses by Controlling Cbl-b Degradation. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 195:4218-27. [PMID: 26416283 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1501200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Previously, we demonstrated that CD28 and CTLA-4 signaling control Casitas-B-lineage lymphoma (Cbl)-b protein expression, which is critical for T cell activation and tolerance induction. However, the molecular mechanism(s) of this regulation remains to be elucidated. In this study, we found that Cbl-b fails to undergo tyrosine phosphorylation upon CD3 stimulation because SHP-1 is recruited to and dephosphorylates Cbl-b, whereas CD28 costimulation abrogates this interaction. In support of this finding, T cells lacking SHP-1 display heightened tyrosine phosphorylation and ubiquitination of Cbl-b upon TCR stimulation, which correlates with decreased levels of Cbl-b protein. The aberrant Th2 phenotype observed in T cell-specific Shp1(-/-) mice is reminiscent of heightened Th2 response in Cblb(-/-) mice. Indeed, overexpressing Cbl-b in T cell-specific Shp1(-/-) T cells not only inhibits heightened Th2 differentiation in vitro, but also Th2 responses and allergic airway inflammation in vivo. Therefore, SHP-1 regulates Cbl-b-mediated T cell responses by controlling its tyrosine phosphorylation and ubiquitination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Xiao
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210; Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan, People's Republic of China; Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 510120 Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Guilin Qiao
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637; and
| | - Juan Tang
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210; Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Tang
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210; Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Guo
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Samantha Warwar
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Wallace Y Langdon
- School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Lijian Tao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan, People's Republic of China;
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210; Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637; and
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31
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Liu Y, Li Y, Zhang L, Li M, Li C, Xue C, Huang X, Zhou P. NF-κB downregulates Cbl-b through binding and suppressing Cbl-b promoter in T cell activation. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 194:3778-83. [PMID: 25762784 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1402104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
T cell activation causes the translocation of NF-κB dimers from the cytoplasm into the nucleus where NF-κB regulates inflammatory and immune response genes. Cbl-b is a negative regulator of T cell activation. However, the correlation between NF-κB activity and Cbl-b expression remains unclear. We showed that IκBαΔN-Tg T cells exhibited less NF-κB activity but higher levels of Cbl-b when compared with wild-type T cells. Furthermore, ursolic acid suppressed NF-κB activation and inhibited the downregulation of Cbl-b in wild-type T cells. NF-κBp65 specifically bound to an 11-bp NF-κB consensus sequence (gcaggaagtcc) in the Cbl-b promoter. Binding of NF-κB to this sequence suppressed Cbl-b transcription, thereby resulting in the negative regulation of Cbl-b expression. In addition, Cbl-b knockout led to the loss of cardiac allograft tolerance in IκBαΔN-Tg mice. These results indicated that NF-κB downregulated Cbl-b by binding and suppressing Cbl-b promoter in T cell activation. Our findings provide a novel role for NF-κB signaling in T cell activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030 Wuhan, China
| | - Yao Li
- St.-Antonius-Hospital Kleve, Katholisches Karl-Leisner-Klinikum, Kleve 47533, Germany
| | - LiMin Zhang
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Health, and Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, 430030 Wuhan, China
| | - MingQiang Li
- The Center Hospital of TaiAn, 271000 TaiAn, China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, 300000 Tianjin, China; and
| | - ChengBiao Xue
- Transplant Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 430060 Wuhan, China
| | - Xia Huang
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Health, and Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, 430030 Wuhan, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Health, and Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, 430030 Wuhan, China;
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32
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Lutz-Nicoladoni C, Wolf D, Sopper S. Modulation of Immune Cell Functions by the E3 Ligase Cbl-b. Front Oncol 2015; 5:58. [PMID: 25815272 PMCID: PMC4356231 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2015.00058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Maintenance of immunological tolerance is a critical hallmark of the immune system. Several signaling checkpoints necessary to balance activating and inhibitory input to immune cells have been described so far, among which the E3 ligase Cbl-b appears to be a central player. Cbl-b is expressed in all leukocyte subsets and regulates several signaling pathways in T cells, NK cells, B cells, and different types of myeloid cells. In most cases, Cbl-b negatively regulates activation signals through antigen or pattern recognition receptors and co-stimulatory molecules. In line with this function, cblb-deficient immune cells display lower activation thresholds and cblb knockout mice spontaneously develop autoimmunity and are highly susceptible to experimental autoimmunity. Interestingly, genetic association studies link CBLB-polymorphisms with autoimmunity also in humans. Vice versa, the increased activation potential of cblb-deficient cells renders them more potent to fight against malignancies or infections. Accordingly, several reports have shown that cblb knockout mice reject tumors, which mainly depends on cytotoxic T and NK cells. Thus, targeting Cbl-b may be an interesting strategy to enhance anti-cancer immunity. In this review, we summarize the findings on the molecular function of Cbl-b in different cell types and illustrate the potential of Cbl-b as target for immunomodulatory therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Lutz-Nicoladoni
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Medical University Innsbruck , Innsbruck , Austria ; Tumor Immunology Laboratory, Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute , Innsbruck , Austria
| | - Dominik Wolf
- Medical Clinic III for Oncology, Haematology and Rheumatology, University Clinic Bonn (UKB) , Bonn , Germany
| | - Sieghart Sopper
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Medical University Innsbruck , Innsbruck , Austria ; Tumor Immunology Laboratory, Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute , Innsbruck , Austria
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Bermejo M, López-Huertas MR, Hedgpeth J, Mateos E, Rodríguez-Mora S, Maleno MJ, Plana M, Swindle J, Alcamí J, Coiras M. Analysis of protein kinase C theta inhibitors for the control of HIV-1 replication in human CD4+ T cells reveals an effect on retrotranscription in addition to viral transcription. Biochem Pharmacol 2015; 94:241-56. [PMID: 25732195 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2015.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Revised: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
HIV-1 infection cannot be cured due to reservoirs formed early after infection. Decreasing the massive CD4+ T cell activation that occurs at the beginning of the disease would delay reservoir seeding, providing a better prognosis for patients. CD4+ T cell activation is mediated by protein kinase C (PKC) theta (θ), which is involved in T-cell proliferation, as well as NF-κB, NF-AT, and AP-1 activation. We found that PKCθ activity increased viral replication, but also that HIV-1 induced higher activation of PKCθ in infected CD4+ T cells, creating a feedback loop. Therefore, specific inhibition of PKCθ activity could contribute to control HIV-1 replication. We tested the efficacy of seven PKCθ specific inhibitors to control HIV-1 replication in CD4+ T cells and selected two of the more potent and safer: CGX1079 and CGX0471. They reduced PKCθ phosphorylation at T538 and its translocation to the plasma membrane, which correlated with decreased HIV-1 retrotranscription through partial inhibition of SAMHD1 antiviral activity, rendering lower proviral integration. CGX1079 and CGX0471 also interfered with viral transcription, which would reduce the production of new virions, as well as the subsequent spread and infection of new targets that would increase the reservoir size. CGX1079 and CGX0471 did not completely abrogate T-cell functions such as proliferation and CD8-mediated release of IFN-γ in PBMCs from HIV-infected patients, thereby avoiding general immunosuppresion. Consequently, using PKCθ inhibitors as adjuvant of antiretroviral therapy in recently infected patients would decrease the pool of activated CD4+ T cells, thwarting proviral integration and reducing the reservoir size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Bermejo
- AIDS Immunopathology Unit, National Center of Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Rosa López-Huertas
- AIDS Immunopathology Unit, National Center of Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Elena Mateos
- AIDS Immunopathology Unit, National Center of Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Rodríguez-Mora
- AIDS Immunopathology Unit, National Center of Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - María José Maleno
- Retrovirology and Viral Immunopathology Laboratory, AIDS Research Group, Institut d́Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Plana
- Retrovirology and Viral Immunopathology Laboratory, AIDS Research Group, Institut d́Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - José Alcamí
- AIDS Immunopathology Unit, National Center of Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mayte Coiras
- AIDS Immunopathology Unit, National Center of Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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Zhao Y, Guo H, Qiao G, Zucker M, Langdon WY, Zhang J. E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Cbl-b Regulates Thymic-Derived CD4+CD25+ Regulatory T Cell Development by Targeting Foxp3 for Ubiquitination. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2015; 194:1639-45. [PMID: 25560411 PMCID: PMC4324371 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1402434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
CD28 costimulation is essential for the development of thymic-derived CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells ("tTregs"). E3 ubiquitin ligase Cbl-b has been shown to regulate CD28 dependence of T cell activation. In this paper, we report that the loss of Cbl-b partially but significantly rescues the defective development of tTregs in Cd28(-/-) mice. This partial rescue is independent of IL-2. Mechanistically, Cbl-b binds to Foxp3 upon TCR stimulation and, together with Stub1, targets Foxp3 for ubiquitination and subsequently degradation in the proteasome. As Cbl-b self-ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation is impaired in Cd28(-/-) T cells, the defective development of tTregs in Cd28(-/-) mice may in part be due to increased Foxp3 ubiquitination and degradation targeted by Stub1 and Cbl-b. Treating Cd28(-/-) mice with a proteasome inhibitor completely rescues defective tTreg development in these mice. Therefore, Cbl-b, together with Stub1, ubiquitinate Foxp3, and regulate tTreg development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixia Zhao
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Hui Guo
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Guilin Qiao
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210; Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637; and
| | - Mark Zucker
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Wallace Y Langdon
- School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210; Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637; and
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Kleiman E, Salyakina D, De Heusch M, Hoek KL, Llanes JM, Castro I, Wright JA, Clark ES, Dykxhoorn DM, Capobianco E, Takeda A, Renauld JC, Khan WN. Distinct Transcriptomic Features are Associated with Transitional and Mature B-Cell Populations in the Mouse Spleen. Front Immunol 2015; 6:30. [PMID: 25717326 PMCID: PMC4324157 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Splenic transitional B-cells (T1 and T2) are selected to avoid self-reactivity and to safeguard against autoimmunity, then differentiate into mature follicular (FO-I and FO-II) and marginal zone (MZ) subsets. Transcriptomic analysis by RNA-seq of the five B-cell subsets revealed T1 cell signature genes included RAG suggesting a potential for receptor revision. T1 to T2 B-cell differentiation was marked by a switch from Myb to Myc, increased expression of the PI3K adapter DAP10 and MHC class II. FO-II may be an intermediate in FO-I differentiation and may also become MZ B-cells as suggested by principle component analysis. MZ B-cells possessed the most distinct transcriptome including down-regulation of CD45 phosphatase-associated protein (CD45-AP/PTPRC-AP), as well as upregulation of IL-9R and innate molecules TLR3, TLR7, and bactericidal Perforin-2 (MPEG1). Among the endosomal TLRs, stimulation via TLR3 further enhanced Perforin-2 expression exclusively in MZ B-cells. Using gene-deleted and overexpressing transgenic mice we show that IL-9/IL-9R interaction resulted in rapid activation of STAT1, 3, and 5, primarily in MZ B-cells. Importantly, CD45-AP mutant mice had reduced transitional and increased mature MZ and FO B-cells, suggesting that it prevents premature entry of transitional B-cells to the mature B-cell pool or their survival and proliferation. Together, these findings suggest, developmental plasticity among splenic B-cell subsets, potential for receptor revision in peripheral tolerance whereas enhanced metabolism coincides with T2 to mature B-cell differentiation. Further, unique core transcriptional signatures in MZ B-cells may control their innate features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eden Kleiman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami , Miami, FL , USA
| | - Daria Salyakina
- Center for Computational Science, University of Miami , Miami, FL , USA
| | - Magali De Heusch
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Brussels Branch , Brussels , Belgium ; de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain , Brussels , Belgium
| | - Kristen L Hoek
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine , Nashville, TN , USA
| | - Joan M Llanes
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine , Nashville, TN , USA
| | - Iris Castro
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami , Miami, FL , USA
| | - Jacqueline A Wright
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami , Miami, FL , USA
| | - Emily S Clark
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami , Miami, FL , USA
| | - Derek M Dykxhoorn
- Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami , Miami, FL , USA
| | - Enrico Capobianco
- Center for Computational Science, University of Miami , Miami, FL , USA
| | - Akiko Takeda
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis , St. Louis, MO , USA
| | - Jean-Christophe Renauld
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Brussels Branch , Brussels , Belgium ; de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain , Brussels , Belgium
| | - Wasif N Khan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami , Miami, FL , USA
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Barnes SE, Wang Y, Chen L, Molinero LL, Gajewski TF, Evaristo C, Alegre ML. T cell-NF-κB activation is required for tumor control in vivo. J Immunother Cancer 2015; 3:1. [PMID: 25648675 PMCID: PMC4308877 DOI: 10.1186/s40425-014-0045-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND T cells have the capacity to eliminate tumors but the signaling pathways by which they do so are incompletely understood. T cell priming requires activation of the transcription factors AP-1, NFAT and NF-κB downstream of the TCR, but whether activation of T cell-NF-κB in vivo is required for tumor control has not been addressed. In humans and mice with progressively growing tumors, the activity of T cell-intrinsic NF-κB is often reduced. However, it is not clear if this is causal for an inability to reject transformed cells, or if it is a consequence of tumor growth. T cell-NF-κB is important for T cell survival and effector differentiation and plays an important role in enabling T cells to reject cardiac and islet allografts, suggesting the possibility that it may also be required for tumor elimination. In this study, we tested whether normal T cell-NF-κB activation is necessary for the rejection of tumors whose growth is normally controlled by the immune system. METHODS Mice with genetically impaired T cell-NF-κB activity were subcutaneously injected with MC57-SIY tumor cells. Tumor growth was measured over time, and the anti-tumor immune response was evaluated using flow cytometry and cytokine detection assays. RESULTS Mice with impaired T cell-NF-κB activity were unable to reject tumors that were otherwise eliminated by wildtype mice, despite equal accumulation of tumor-reactive T cells. In addition, specific impairment of NF-κB signaling downstream of the TCR was sufficient to prevent tumor rejection. Tumor antigen-specific T cell-IFN-γ and TNF-α production, as well as cytotoxic ability, were all reduced in mice with impaired T cell-NF-κB, suggesting an important role for this transcription factor in the effector differentiation of tumor-specific effector T cells. CONCLUSIONS Our results have identified the NF-κB pathway as an important signaling axis in T cells, required for the elimination of growing tumors in vivo. Maintaining or enhancing T cell-NF-κB activity may be a promising avenue for anti-tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Barnes
- />Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, 924 E. 57th St. JFK-R312, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - Ying Wang
- />Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, 924 E. 57th St. JFK-R312, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - Luqiu Chen
- />Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, 924 E. 57th St. JFK-R312, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - Luciana L Molinero
- />Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way MS: 245c, South San Francisco, CA 94080 USA
| | - Thomas F Gajewski
- />Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, 924 E. 57th St. JFK-R312, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
- />Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago, 927 E. 57th St, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - Cesar Evaristo
- />Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, 924 E. 57th St. JFK-R312, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - Maria-Luisa Alegre
- />Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, 924 E. 57th St. JFK-R312, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
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37
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Liao Z, Chen X, Nie D, Wang J, Wu M. A RING finger protein 114 (RNF114) homolog from Chinese sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis) possesses immune-regulation properties via modulating RIG-I signaling pathway-mediated interferon expression. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 41:507-516. [PMID: 25290666 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2014.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Revised: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Ubiquitin ligases play important roles in immune regulation. The human RNF114 (RING finger protein 114), an ubiquitin ligase, was recently reported to be involved in immune response to double-stranded RNA in disease pathogenesis. Here, we identified a RNF114 homolog in Chinese sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis) and investigated its potential role in immune response. The full-length cDNA of Chinese sturgeon RNF114 (csRNF114) contains an open reading frame (ORF) of 681 nucleotides coding a protein of 227 amino acids. csRNF114 shares the highest identity of 76% at amino acid level to other RNF114 homologs, clustering with bony fish RNF114s based on phylogenetic analysis. The main structural features of csRNF114, including a C3HC4 (Cys3-His-Cys4) RING domain, a C2HC (Cys2-His-Cys)-type zinc finger motif, a C2H2 (Cys2-His2)-type zinc finger motif, and a UIM (ubiquitin-interacting motif), take csRNF114 as an ubiquitin ligase. csRNF114 mRNA was widely expressed in various tissues and significantly up-regulated in poly(I:C)-treated Chinese sturgeon. Over-expression of csRNF114 in HEK293T cells significantly promoted both basal and poly(I:C)-induced activation of interferon regulatory transcription factor 3 (IRF3) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) downstream retinoic acid inducible gene I (RIG-I) signaling pathway and expression of target genes type I interferon (IFN), which was nearly abolished by knockdown of RIG-I with specific human siRNA and by mutation of the C3HC4 RING domain (C28A/C31A) in csRNF114 as well. Furthermore, csRNF114 associated with ubiquitinated proteins in HEK293T cells, for which the C3HC4 RING domain was essential. These data suggested that an ubiquitin ligase RNF114 homolog with a potential role in antiviral response possibly through modulating RIG-I signaling pathway was cloned from Chinese sturgeon, which might contribute to our understanding of the immune biology of Chinese sturgeon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Liao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
| | - Xiaojun Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Dongsong Nie
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Mingjiang Wu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
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Zhang J, Liu Q, Langdon WY. Cbl-b: Roles in T Cell Tolerance, Proallergic T Cell Development, and Cancer Immunity. INFLAMMATION AND CELL SIGNALING 2014; 1. [PMID: 26082933 DOI: 10.14800/ics.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cbl-b is a member of the Cbl family of RING finger E3 ubiquitin ligases and polymorphisms and mutations in Cbl-b are associated with several autoimmune/inflammatory diseases in humans. Furthermore, gene targeting experiments in mice have provided proof of the in vivo effects of Cbl-b on T cell function and its involvement with these diseases. This brief review updates our understanding of Cbl-b in T cell tolerance, proallergic T cell development, and cancer immunity in light of the most recent advances, and their impact on autoimmune-/inflammatory diseases and cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, 460 West 12 Ave., Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Qingjun Liu
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, 460 West 12 Ave., Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Wallace Y Langdon
- School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
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39
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Hsu TS, Hsiao HW, Wu PJ, Liu WH, Lai MZ. Deltex1 promotes protein kinase Cθ degradation and sustains Casitas B-lineage lymphoma expression. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 193:1672-80. [PMID: 25000980 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1301416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The generation of T cell anergy is associated with upregulation of ubiquitin E3 ligases including Casitas B-lineage lymphoma (Cbl-b), Itch, gene related to anergy in lymphocyte, and deltex1 (DTX1). These E3 ligases attenuate T cell activation by targeting to signaling molecules. For example, Cbl-b and Itch promote the degradation of protein kinase Cθ (PKCθ) and phospholipase C-γ1 (PLC-γ1) in anergic Th1 cells. How these anergy-associated E3 ligases coordinate during T cell anergy remains largely unknown. In the current study, we found that PKCθ and PLC-γ1 are also downregulated by DTX1. DTX1 interacted with PKCθ and PLC-γ1 and stimulated the degradation of PKCθ and PLC-γ1. T cell anergy-induced proteolysis of PKCθ was prevented in Dtx1(-/-) T cells, supporting the essential role of DTX1 in PKCθ downregulation. Similar to Cbl-b and Itch, DTX1 promoted monoubiquitination of PKCθ. Proteasome inhibitor did not inhibit DTX1-directed PKCθ degradation, but instead DTX1 directed the relocalization of PKCθ into the lysosomal pathway. In addition, DTX1 interacted with Cbl-b and increased the protein levels of Cbl-b. We further demonstrated the possibility that, through the downregulation of PKCθ, DTX1 prevented PKCθ-induced Cbl-b degradation and increased Cbl-b protein stability. Our results suggest the coordination between E3 ligases during T cell anergy; DTX1 acts with Cbl-b to assure a more extensive silencing of PKCθ, whereas DTX1-mediated PKCθ degradation further stabilizes Cbl-b.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Sheng Hsu
- Institute of Immunology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 10051, Taiwan, Republic of China; Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan, Republic of China; and
| | - Huey-Wen Hsiao
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan, Republic of China; and
| | - Pei-Jung Wu
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan, Republic of China; and Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan 114, Republic of China
| | - Wen-Hsien Liu
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan, Republic of China; and
| | - Ming-Zong Lai
- Institute of Immunology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 10051, Taiwan, Republic of China; Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan, Republic of China; and Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan 114, Republic of China
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40
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Weil R. Does antigen masking by ubiquitin chains protect from the development of autoimmune diseases? Front Immunol 2014; 5:262. [PMID: 24917867 PMCID: PMC4042494 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases are characterized by the production of antibodies against self-antigens and generally arise from a failure of central or peripheral tolerance. However, these diseases may develop when newly appearing antigens are not recognized as self by the immune system. The mechanism by which some antigens are “invisible” to the immune system is not completely understood. Apoptotic and complement system defects or autophagy imbalance can generate this antigenic autoreactivity. Under particular circumstances, cellular debris containing autoreactive antigens can be recognized by innate immune receptors or other sensors and can eventually lead to autoimmunity. Ubiquitination may be one of the mechanisms protecting autoreactive antigens from the immune system that, if disrupted, can lead to autoimmunity. Ubiquitination is an essential post-translational modification used by cells to target proteins for degradation or to regulate other intracellular processes. The level of ubiquitination is regulated during T cell tolerance and apoptosis and E3 ligases have emerged as a crucial signaling pathway for the regulation of T cell tolerance toward self-antigens. I propose here that an unrecognized role of ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like proteins could be to render intracellular or foreign antigens (present in cellular debris resulting from apoptosis, complement system, or autophagy defects) invisible to the immune system in order to prevent the development of autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Weil
- Unité de Signalisation Moléculaire et Activation Cellulaire, CNRS URA 2582, Institut Pasteur , Paris , France
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41
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Liu Q, Zhou H, Langdon WY, Zhang J. E3 ubiquitin ligase Cbl-b in innate and adaptive immunity. Cell Cycle 2014; 13:1875-84. [PMID: 24875217 DOI: 10.4161/cc.29213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Casitas B-lineage lymphoma proto-oncogene-b (Cbl-b), a RING finger E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase, has been demonstrated to play a crucial role in establishing the threshold for T-cell activation and controlling peripheral T-cell tolerance via multiple mechanisms. Accumulating evidence suggests that Cbl-b also regulates innate immune responses and plays an important role in host defense to pathogens. Understanding the signaling pathways regulated by Cbl-b in innate and adaptive immune cells is therefore essential for efficient manipulation of Cbl-b in emerging immunotherapies for human disorders such as autoimmune diseases, allergic inflammation, infections, and cancer. In this article, we review the latest developments in the molecular structural basis of Cbl-b function, the regulation of Cbl-b expression, the signaling mechanisms of Cbl-b in immune cells, as well as the biological function of Cbl-b in physiological and pathological immune responses in animal models and human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingjun Liu
- Laboratory of Immunohematology; Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine; Beijing, PR China; Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity; The Ohio State University; Columbus, OH USA
| | - Hong Zhou
- Laboratory of Immunohematology; Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine; Beijing, PR China
| | - Wallace Y Langdon
- School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; University of Western Australia; Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity; The Ohio State University; Columbus, OH USA
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42
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Qiao G, Ying H, Zhao Y, Liang Y, Guo H, Shen H, Li Z, Solway J, Tao E, Chiang YJ, Lipkowitz S, Penninger JM, Langdon WY, Zhang J. E3 ubiquitin ligase Cbl-b suppresses proallergic T cell development and allergic airway inflammation. Cell Rep 2014; 6:709-23. [PMID: 24508458 PMCID: PMC3969736 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2014.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2012] [Revised: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 01/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
E3 ubiquitin ligase Cbl-b has emerged as a gatekeeper that controls the activation threshold of the T cell antigen receptor and maintains the balance between tolerance and autoimmunity. Here, we report that the loss of Cbl-b facilitates T helper 2 (Th2) and Th9 cell differentiation in vitro. In a mouse model of asthma, the absence of Cbl-b results in severe airway inflammation and stronger Th2 and Th9 responses. Mechanistically, Cbl-b selectively associates with Stat6 upon IL-4 ligation and targets Stat6 for ubiquitination and degradation. These processes are heightened in the presence of T cell receptor (TCR)/ CD28 costimulation. Furthermore, we identify K108 and K398 as Stat6 ubiquitination sites. Intriguingly, introducing Stat6 deficiency into Cblb−/− mice abrogates hyper-Th2 responses but only partially attenuates Th9 responses. Therefore, our data reveal a function for Cbl-b in the regulation of Th2 and Th9 cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilin Qiao
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
| | - Haiyan Ying
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Yixia Zhao
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Yanran Liang
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Hui Guo
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Huifeng Shen
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Zhenping Li
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Julian Solway
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Committee on Molecular Pathogenesis and Molecular Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Enxiang Tao
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Y Jeffrey Chiang
- Experimental Immunology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Stanley Lipkowitz
- Women's Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Josef M Penninger
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Wallace Y Langdon
- School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Jian Zhang
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Committee on Molecular Pathogenesis and Molecular Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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43
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Abstract
Caspase recruitment domain-containing membrane-associated guanylate kinase protein-1 (CARMA1), a member of the membrane associated guanylate kinase (MAGUK) family of kinases, is essential for T lymphocyte activation and proliferation via T-cell receptor (TCR) mediated NF-κB activation. Recent studies suggest a broader role for CARMA1 regulating other T-cell functions as well as a role in non-TCR-mediated signaling pathways important for lymphocyte development and functions. In addition, CARMA1 has been shown to be an important component in the pathogenesis of several human diseases. Thus, comprehensively defining its mechanisms of action and regulation could reveal novel therapeutic targets for T-cell-mediated diseases and lymphoproliferative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marly I Roche
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Unit and the Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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44
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Qiao G, Zhao Y, Li Z, Tang PQ, Langdon WY, Yang T, Zhang J. T cell activation threshold regulated by E3 ubiquitin ligase Cbl-b determines fate of inducible regulatory T cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 191:632-9. [PMID: 23749633 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1202068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
E3 ubiquitin ligase Casitas-B-lineage lymphoma protein-b (Cbl-b) is critical for establishing the threshold for T cell activation and is essential for induction of T cell anergy. Recent studies suggest that Cbl-b is involved in the development of CD4(+)CD25(+) inducible regulatory T cells (iTregs). In this study, we report that the optimal induction of Foxp3 by naive CD4(+)CD25(-) T cells requires suboptimal TCR triggering. In the absence of Cbl-b, the TCR strength for optimal Foxp3 induction is downregulated in vitro. Using TCR-transgenic Rag(-/-) mice in combination with Cbl-b deficiency, we show that in vivo iTreg development is also controlled by Cbl-b via tuning the TCR strength. Furthermore, we show that Akt-2 but not Akt-1 regulates Foxp3 expression downstream of Cbl-b. Therefore, we demonstrate that Cbl-b regulates the fate of iTregs via controlling the threshold for T cell activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilin Qiao
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
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45
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Abe T, Hirasaka K, Kagawa S, Kohno S, Ochi A, Utsunomiya K, Sakai A, Ohno A, Teshima-Kondo S, Okumura Y, Oarada M, Maekawa Y, Terao J, Mills EM, Nikawa T. Cbl-b is a critical regulator of macrophage activation associated with obesity-induced insulin resistance in mice. Diabetes 2013; 62:1957-69. [PMID: 23349502 PMCID: PMC3661636 DOI: 10.2337/db12-0677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2012] [Accepted: 01/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported the potential involvement of casitas B-cell lymphoma-b (Cbl-b) in aging-related murine insulin resistance. Because obesity also induces macrophage recruitment into adipose tissue, we elucidated here the role of Cbl-b in obesity-related insulin resistance. Cbl-b(+/+) and Cbl-b(-/-) mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) and then examined for obesity-related changes in insulin signaling. The HFD caused recruitment of macrophages into adipose tissue and increased inflammatory reaction in Cbl-b(-/-) compared with Cbl-b(+/+) mice. Peritoneal macrophages from Cbl-b(-/-) mice and Cbl-b-overexpressing RAW264.7 macrophages were used to examine the direct effect of saturated fatty acids (FAs) on macrophage activation. In macrophages, Cbl-b suppressed saturated FA-induced Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling by ubiquitination and degradation of TLR4. The physiological role of Cbl-b in vivo was also examined by bone marrow transplantation and Eritoran, a TLR4 antagonist. Hematopoietic cell-specific depletion of the Cbl-b gene induced disturbed responses on insulin and glucose tolerance tests. Blockade of TLR4 signaling by Eritoran reduced fasting blood glucose and serum interleukin-6 levels in obese Cbl-b(-/-) mice. These results suggest that Cbl-b deficiency could exaggerate HFD-induced insulin resistance through saturated FA-mediated macrophage activation. Therefore, inhibition of TLR4 signaling is an attractive therapeutic strategy for treatment of obesity-related insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoki Abe
- Department of Nutritional Physiology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Katsuya Hirasaka
- Department of Nutritional Physiology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Sachiko Kagawa
- Department of Nutritional Physiology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Shohei Kohno
- Department of Nutritional Physiology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Arisa Ochi
- Department of Nutritional Physiology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Kenro Utsunomiya
- Department of Nutritional Physiology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Atsuko Sakai
- Department of Nutritional Physiology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Ayako Ohno
- Department of Nutritional Physiology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Shigetada Teshima-Kondo
- Department of Nutritional Physiology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yuushi Okumura
- Department of Nutritional Physiology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Motoko Oarada
- Medical Mycology Research Center, The University of Chiba, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoichi Maekawa
- Department of Immunology and Parasitology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Junji Terao
- Department of Food Science, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Edward M. Mills
- Pharmacology/Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
| | - Takeshi Nikawa
- Department of Nutritional Physiology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
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46
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Guo H, Qiao G, Ying H, Li Z, Zhao Y, Liang Y, Yang L, Lipkowitz S, Penninger JM, Langdon WY, Zhang J. E3 ubiquitin ligase Cbl-b regulates Pten via Nedd4 in T cells independently of its ubiquitin ligase activity. Cell Rep 2013; 1:472-82. [PMID: 22763434 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2012.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
E3 ubiquitin ligase Cbl-b plays a crucial role in T cell activation and tolerance induction. However, the molecular mechanism by which Cbl-b inhibits T cell activation remains unclear. Here, we report that Cbl-b does not inhibit PI3K but rather suppresses TCR/CD28-induced inactivation of Pten. The elevated Akt activity in Cbl-b(-/-) T cells is therefore due to heightened Pten inactivation. Suppression of Pten inactivation in T cells by Cbl-b is achieved by impeding the association of Pten with Nedd4, which targets Pten K13 for K63-linked polyubiquitination. Consistent with this finding, introducing Nedd4 deficiency into Cbl-b(-/-) mice abrogates hyper-T cell responses caused by the loss of Cbl-b. Hence, our data demonstrate that Cbl-b inhibits T cell activation by suppressing Pten inactivation independently of its ubiquitin ligase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Guo
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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47
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Maubach G, Sokolova O, Wolfien M, Rothkötter HJ, Naumann M. Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase II contributes to inhibitor of nuclear factor-kappa B kinase complex activation in Helicobacter pylori infection. Int J Cancer 2013; 133:1507-12. [PMID: 23463379 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.28148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Accepted: 02/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori, a class I carcinogen, induces a proinflammatory response by activating the transcription factor nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) in gastric epithelial cells. This inflammatory condition could lead to chronic gastritis, which is epidemiologically and biologically linked to the development of gastric cancer. So far, there exists no clear knowledge on how H. pylori induces the NF-κB-mediated inflammatory response. In our study, we investigated the role of Ca(2+) /calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CAMKII), calmodulin, protein kinases C (PKCs) and the CARMA3-Bcl10-MALT1 (CBM) complex in conjunction with H. pylori-induced activation of NF-κB via the inhibitor of nuclear factor-kappa B kinase (IKK) complex. We use specific inhibitors and/or RNA interference to assess the contribution of these components. Our results show that CAMKII and calmodulin contribute to IKK complex activation and thus to the induction of NF-κB in response to H. pylori infection, but not in response to TNF-α. Thus, our findings are specific for H. pylori infected cells. Neither the PKCs α, δ, θ, nor the CBM complex itself is involved in the activation of NF-κB by H. pylori. The contribution of CAMKII and calmodulin, but not PKCs/CBM to the induction of an inflammatory response by H. pylori infection augment the understanding of the molecular mechanism involved and provide potential new disease markers for the diagnosis of gastric inflammatory diseases including gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunter Maubach
- Institute of Experimental Internal Medicine, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
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48
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Mohapatra B, Ahmad G, Nadeau S, Zutshi N, An W, Scheffe S, Dong L, Feng D, Goetz B, Arya P, Bailey TA, Palermo N, Borgstahl GEO, Natarajan A, Raja SM, Naramura M, Band V, Band H. Protein tyrosine kinase regulation by ubiquitination: critical roles of Cbl-family ubiquitin ligases. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2012; 1833:122-39. [PMID: 23085373 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2012.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2012] [Revised: 10/05/2012] [Accepted: 10/08/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) coordinate a broad spectrum of cellular responses to extracellular stimuli and cell-cell interactions during development, tissue homeostasis, and responses to environmental challenges. Thus, an understanding of the regulatory mechanisms that ensure physiological PTK function and potential aberrations of these regulatory processes during diseases such as cancer are of broad interest in biology and medicine. Aside from the expected role of phospho-tyrosine phosphatases, recent studies have revealed a critical role of covalent modification of activated PTKs with ubiquitin as a critical mechanism of their negative regulation. Members of the Cbl protein family (Cbl, Cbl-b and Cbl-c in mammals) have emerged as dominant "activated PTK-selective" ubiquitin ligases. Structural, biochemical and cell biological studies have established that Cbl protein-dependent ubiquitination targets activated PTKs for degradation either by facilitating their endocytic sorting into lysosomes or by promoting their proteasomal degradation. This mechanism also targets PTK signaling intermediates that become associated with Cbl proteins in a PTK activation-dependent manner. Cellular and animal studies have established that the relatively broadly expressed mammalian Cbl family members Cbl and Cbl-b play key physiological roles, including their critical functions to prevent the transition of normal immune responses into autoimmune disease and as tumor suppressors; the latter function has received validation from human studies linking mutations in Cbl to human leukemia. These newer insights together with embryonic lethality seen in mice with a combined deletion of Cbl and Cbl-b genes suggest an unappreciated role of the Cbl family proteins, and by implication the ubiquitin-dependent control of activated PTKs, in stem/progenitor cell maintenance. Future studies of existing and emerging animal models and their various cell lineages should help test the broader implications of the evolutionarily-conserved Cbl family protein-mediated, ubiquitin-dependent, negative regulation of activated PTKs in physiology and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhopal Mohapatra
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
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49
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Mohapatra B, Ahmad G, Nadeau S, Zutshi N, An W, Scheffe S, Dong L, Feng D, Goetz B, Arya P, Bailey TA, Palermo N, Borgstahl GEO, Natarajan A, Raja SM, Naramura M, Band V, Band H. Protein tyrosine kinase regulation by ubiquitination: critical roles of Cbl-family ubiquitin ligases. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2012. [PMID: 23085373 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) coordinate a broad spectrum of cellular responses to extracellular stimuli and cell-cell interactions during development, tissue homeostasis, and responses to environmental challenges. Thus, an understanding of the regulatory mechanisms that ensure physiological PTK function and potential aberrations of these regulatory processes during diseases such as cancer are of broad interest in biology and medicine. Aside from the expected role of phospho-tyrosine phosphatases, recent studies have revealed a critical role of covalent modification of activated PTKs with ubiquitin as a critical mechanism of their negative regulation. Members of the Cbl protein family (Cbl, Cbl-b and Cbl-c in mammals) have emerged as dominant "activated PTK-selective" ubiquitin ligases. Structural, biochemical and cell biological studies have established that Cbl protein-dependent ubiquitination targets activated PTKs for degradation either by facilitating their endocytic sorting into lysosomes or by promoting their proteasomal degradation. This mechanism also targets PTK signaling intermediates that become associated with Cbl proteins in a PTK activation-dependent manner. Cellular and animal studies have established that the relatively broadly expressed mammalian Cbl family members Cbl and Cbl-b play key physiological roles, including their critical functions to prevent the transition of normal immune responses into autoimmune disease and as tumor suppressors; the latter function has received validation from human studies linking mutations in Cbl to human leukemia. These newer insights together with embryonic lethality seen in mice with a combined deletion of Cbl and Cbl-b genes suggest an unappreciated role of the Cbl family proteins, and by implication the ubiquitin-dependent control of activated PTKs, in stem/progenitor cell maintenance. Future studies of existing and emerging animal models and their various cell lineages should help test the broader implications of the evolutionarily-conserved Cbl family protein-mediated, ubiquitin-dependent, negative regulation of activated PTKs in physiology and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhopal Mohapatra
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
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50
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Abstract
T-cell anergy is a state of T cells that is hyporesponsive to stimulation via the T-cell receptor and costimulatory molecules and is thought to be important for self-tolerance. How T-cell anergy is regulated is still poorly understood. We report here that tuberous sclerosis (TSC)1 is critical for T-cell anergy. Deficiency of TSC1 resulted in enhanced T-cell proliferation and cytokine production in the absence of cluster of differentiation (CD)28-mediated costimulation, accompanied by enhanced T-cell metabolism. Resistance of TSC1-deficient T cells to anergy is correlated with increased signaling through the mammalian target of rapamycin complex (mTORC)1 and can be reverted by treatment of these cells with mTORC1 inhibitor rapamycin. Expression of the inducible costimulator (ICOS) is increased in TSC1-deficient T cells, which can be inhibited by rapamycin. Simultaneous blockade of both CD28 and ICOS costimulation partially restored sensitivity of TSC1-deficient T cells to anergy induction. Together, our data indicate that TSC1 is crucial for T-cell anergy by inhibiting mTORC1 signaling through both ICOS-dependent and -independent mechanisms.
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