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Check JH, Check DL. The role of progesterone and the progesterone receptor in cancer: progress in the last 5 years. Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2023; 18:5-18. [PMID: 36647582 DOI: 10.1080/17446651.2023.2166487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patients with various advanced cancers devoid of nuclear progesterone receptors (nPR) have demonstrated increased quality and length of life when treated with the PR modulator mifepristone, which likely works by interacting with membrane PRs (mPR). AREAS COVERED Two immunomodulatory proteins are discussed that seem to play a role in cancers that proliferate whether the malignant tumor is positive or negative for the nPR. These two proteins are the progesterone receptor membrane component-1 (PGRMC-1) and the progesterone-induced blocking factor (PIBF). Both PGRMC-1 and the parent form of PIBF foster increased tumor aggressiveness, whereas splice variants of the 90 kDa form of PIBF inhibit immune response against cancer cells. EXPERT OPINION The marked clinical improvement following 200-300 mg of mifepristone is likely related to blocking PIBF. In the low dosage used, mifepristone likely acts as an agonist for PGRMC-1 protein. Mifepristone may be less effective for cancers positive for the nPR because the nPR may be protective and blocking it may have detrimental effects. Based on this hypothetical model, the development of other potential treatment options to provide even greater efficacy for treating cancer are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerome H Check
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, New Jersey, USA
- Cooper Institute for Reproductive Hormonal Disorders P.C, Mt. Laurel, New Jersey, USA
| | - Diane L Check
- Cooper Institute for Reproductive Hormonal Disorders P.C, Mt. Laurel, New Jersey, USA
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2
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Abou-Fadel J, Jiang X, Grajeda B, Padarti A, Ellis CC, Flores E, Cailing-De La O AMD, Zhang J. CCM signaling complex (CSC) couples both classic and non-classic Progesterone receptor signaling. Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:120. [PMID: 35971177 PMCID: PMC9377144 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-00926-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer, the most diagnosed cancer, remains the second leading cause of cancer death in the United States, and excessive Progesterone (PRG) or Mifepristone (MIF) exposure may be at an increased risk for developing breast cancer. PRG exerts its cellular responses through signaling cascades involving classic, non-classic, or combined responses by binding to either classic nuclear PRG receptors (nPRs) or non-classic membrane PRG receptors (mPRs). Currently, the intricate balance and switch mechanisms between these two signaling cascades remain elusive. Three genes, CCM1-3, form the CCM signaling complex (CSC) which mediates multiple signaling cascades. METHODS Utilizing molecular, cellular, Omics, and systems biology approaches, we analyzed the relationship among the CSC, PRG, and nPRs/mPRs during breast cancer tumorigenesis. RESULTS We discovered that the CSC plays an essential role in coupling both classic and non-classic PRG signaling pathways by mediating crosstalk between them, forming the CmPn (CSC-mPRs-PRG-nPRs) signaling network. We found that mPR-specific PRG actions (PRG + MIF) play an essential role in this CmPn network during breast cancer tumorigenesis. Additionally, we have identified 4 categories of candidate biomarkers (9 intrinsic, 2 PRG-inducible, 1 PRG-repressive, 1 mPR-specific PRG-repressive, and 2 mPR-responsive) for Luminal-A breast cancers during tumorigenesis and have confirmed the prognostic application of RPL13 and RPL38 as intrinsic biomarkers using a dual validation method. CONCLUSIONS We have discovered that the CSC plays an essential role in the CmPn signaling network for Luminal-A breast cancers with identification of two intrinsic biomarkers. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnathan Abou-Fadel
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine (MTM), Texas Tech University Health Science Center El Paso, 5001 El Paso Drive, El Paso, TX, 79905, USA
| | - Xiaoting Jiang
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine (MTM), Texas Tech University Health Science Center El Paso, 5001 El Paso Drive, El Paso, TX, 79905, USA
| | - Brian Grajeda
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, 79902, USA
| | - Akhil Padarti
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine (MTM), Texas Tech University Health Science Center El Paso, 5001 El Paso Drive, El Paso, TX, 79905, USA
| | - Cameron C Ellis
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, 79902, USA
| | - Esmeralda Flores
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine (MTM), Texas Tech University Health Science Center El Paso, 5001 El Paso Drive, El Paso, TX, 79905, USA
| | - Alyssa-Marie D Cailing-De La O
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine (MTM), Texas Tech University Health Science Center El Paso, 5001 El Paso Drive, El Paso, TX, 79905, USA
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine (MTM), Texas Tech University Health Science Center El Paso, 5001 El Paso Drive, El Paso, TX, 79905, USA.
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Li K, Zong D, Sun J, Chen D, Ma M, Jia L. Rewiring of the Endocrine Network in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:830894. [PMID: 35847875 PMCID: PMC9280148 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.830894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The immunohistochemical definition of estrogen/progesterone receptors dictates endocrine feasibility in the treatment course of breast cancer. Characterized by the deficiency of estrogen receptor α, ERα-negative breast cancers are dissociated from any endocrine regimens in the routine clinical setting, triple-negative breast cancer in particular. However, the stereotype was challenged by triple-negative breast cancers’ retained sensitivity and vulnerability to endocrine agents. The interplay of hormone action and the carcinogenic signaling program previously underscored was gradually recognized along with the increasing investigation. In parallel, the overlooked endocrine-responsiveness in ERα-negative breast cancers attracted attention and supplied fresh insight into the therapeutic strategy in an ERα-independent manner. This review elaborates on the genomic and non-genomic steroid hormone actions and endocrine-related signals in triple-negative breast cancers attached to the hormone insensitivity label. We also shed light on the non-canonical mechanism detected in common hormone agents to showcase their pleiotropic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixuan Li
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Oncology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing University of Chinese medicine, Beijing, China
| | | | - Jianrong Sun
- School of Clinical Medicine. Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Danxiang Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Minkai Ma
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Oncology, The Fourth Central Hospital, Baoding, China
| | - Liqun Jia
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Oncology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Liqun Jia,
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Bello-Alvarez C, Zamora-Sánchez CJ, Camacho-Arroyo I. Rapid Actions of the Nuclear Progesterone Receptor through cSrc in Cancer. Cells 2022; 11:cells11121964. [PMID: 35741094 PMCID: PMC9221966 DOI: 10.3390/cells11121964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear progesterone receptor (PR) is mainly known for its role as a ligand-regulated transcription factor. However, in the last ten years, this receptor’s extranuclear or rapid actions have gained importance in the context of physiological and pathophysiological conditions such as cancer. The PR’s polyproline (PXPP) motif allows protein–protein interaction through SH3 domains of several cytoplasmatic proteins, including the Src family kinases (SFKs). Among members of this family, cSrc is the most well-characterized protein in the scenario of rapid actions of the PR in cancer. Studies in breast cancer have provided the most detailed information on the signaling and effects triggered by the cSrc–PR interaction. Nevertheless, the study of this phenomenon and its consequences has been underestimated in other types of malignancies, especially those not associated with the reproductive system, such as glioblastomas (GBs). This review will provide a detailed analysis of the impact of the PR–cSrc interplay in the progression of some non-reproductive cancers, particularly, in GBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Bello-Alvarez
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología-Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México C.P. 0451, Mexico
| | - Carmen J Zamora-Sánchez
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología-Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México C.P. 0451, Mexico
| | - Ignacio Camacho-Arroyo
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología-Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México C.P. 0451, Mexico
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Progesterone receptor expression contributes to gemcitabine resistance at higher ECM stiffness in breast cancer cell lines. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268300. [PMID: 35617163 PMCID: PMC9135204 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemoresistance poses a great barrier to breast cancer treatment and is thought to correlate with increased matrix stiffness. We developed two-dimensional (2D) polyacrylamide (PAA) and three-dimensional (3D) alginate in vitro models of tissue stiffness that mimic the stiffness of normal breast and breast cancer. We then used these to compare cell viability in response to chemotherapeutic treatment. In both 2D and 3D we observed that breast cancer cell growth and size was increased at a higher stiffness corresponding to tumours compared to normal tissue. When chemotherapeutic response was measured, a specific differential response in cell viability was observed for gemcitabine in 2 of the 7 breast cancer cell lines investigated. MCF7 and T-47D cell lines showed gemcitabine resistance at 4 kPa compared to 500 Pa. These cell lines share a common phenotype of progesterone receptor (PGR) expression and, indeed, pre-treatment with the selective progesterone receptor modulator (SPRM) mifepristone abolished resistance to gemcitabine at high stiffness. Our data reveals that combined treatment with SPRMs may therefore help in reducing resistance to gemcitabine in stiffer breast tumours which are PGR positive.
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Madera S, Izzo F, Chervo MF, Dupont A, Chiauzzi VA, Bruni S, Petrillo E, Merin SS, De Martino M, Montero D, Levit C, Lebersztein G, Anfuso F, Roldán Deamicis A, Mercogliano MF, Proietti CJ, Schillaci R, Elizalde PV, Cordo Russo RI. Halting ErbB-2 isoforms retrograde transport to the nucleus as a new theragnostic approach for triple-negative breast cancer. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:447. [PMID: 35534460 PMCID: PMC9084267 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04855-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is clinically defined by the absence of estrogen and progesterone receptors and the lack of membrane overexpression or gene amplification of receptor tyrosine kinase ErbB-2/HER2. Due to TNBC heterogeneity, clinical biomarkers and targeted therapies for this disease remain elusive. We demonstrated that ErbB-2 is localized in the nucleus (NErbB-2) of TNBC cells and primary tumors, from where it drives growth. We also discovered that TNBC expresses both wild-type ErbB-2 (WTErbB-2) and alternative ErbB-2 isoform c (ErbB-2c). Here, we revealed that the inhibitors of the retrograde transport Retro-2 and its cyclic derivative Retro-2.1 evict both WTErbB-2 and ErbB-2c from the nucleus of BC cells and tumors. Using BC cells from several molecular subtypes, as well as normal breast cells, we demonstrated that Retro-2 specifically blocks proliferation of BC cells expressing NErbB-2. Importantly, Retro-2 eviction of both ErbB-2 isoforms from the nucleus resulted in a striking growth abrogation in multiple TNBC preclinical models, including tumor explants and xenografts. Our mechanistic studies in TNBC cells revealed that Retro-2 induces a differential accumulation of WTErbB-2 at the early endosomes and the plasma membrane, and of ErbB-2c at the Golgi, shedding new light both on Retro-2 action on endogenous protein cargoes undergoing retrograde transport, and on the biology of ErbB-2 splicing variants. In addition, we revealed that the presence of a functional signal peptide and a nuclear export signal (NES), both located at the N-terminus of WTErbB-2, and absent in ErbB-2c, accounts for the differential subcellular distribution of ErbB-2 isoforms upon Retro-2 treatment. Our present discoveries provide evidence for the rational repurposing of Retro-2 as a novel therapeutic agent for TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Madera
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis and Molecular Endocrinology, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Franco Izzo
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - María F Chervo
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis and Molecular Endocrinology, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Agustina Dupont
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis and Molecular Endocrinology, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Violeta A Chiauzzi
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis and Molecular Endocrinology, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sofia Bruni
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis and Molecular Endocrinology, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ezequiel Petrillo
- Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular and CONICET-UBA, Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE), C1428EHA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sharon S Merin
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis and Molecular Endocrinology, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mara De Martino
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Diego Montero
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis and Molecular Endocrinology, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Claudio Levit
- Servicio de Ginecología, Sanatorio Sagrado Corazón, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Fabiana Anfuso
- Servicio de Ginecología, Sanatorio Sagrado Corazón, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Agustina Roldán Deamicis
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis and Molecular Endocrinology, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María F Mercogliano
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis and Molecular Endocrinology, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cecilia J Proietti
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis and Molecular Endocrinology, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Roxana Schillaci
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis and Molecular Endocrinology, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Patricia V Elizalde
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis and Molecular Endocrinology, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Rosalía I Cordo Russo
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis and Molecular Endocrinology, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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7
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Zinc complex of 3,5-di-tert-butyl salicylate inhibits viability, migration, and invasion in triple-negative breast cancer cells. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4545. [PMID: 35296801 PMCID: PMC8927491 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08704-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The zinc complex of 3,5-di-tert-butyl salicylate (Zn{[CH3)3C]2Sal}22−) is a zinc ion chelate of salicylate. In this study, we found that this compound inhibits viability, invasion, and migration and induces apoptosis in triple-negative breast cancer 4T1 cells. RNA-seq showed that the expression of 17 genes was upregulated and 26 genes were downregulated significantly by Zn{[CH3)3C]2Sal}22− treatment. Further GO and KEGG analysis showed that the activity of Zn{[CH3)3C]2Sal}22− against triple-negative breast cancer cells may be involved in the JAK-STAT3, HIF-1, and TNF signaling pathways. The expression of key genes was verified by RT–PCR. The phosphorylation of STAT3 and its upstream SRC decreased drastically upon Zn{[CH3)3C]2Sal}22− treatment, as demonstrated by western blot. Our results indicate that Zn{[CH3)3C]2Sal}22− inhibits the activity of TNBC cells by downregulating the STAT3 signaling through the SRC pathway.
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8
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Renteria M, Belkin O, Jang D, Aickareth J, Bhalli M, Zhang J. CmPn signaling networks in the tumorigenesis of breast cancer. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1013892. [PMID: 36246881 PMCID: PMC9556883 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1013892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Thiebaut C, Vlaeminck-Guillem V, Trédan O, Poulard C, Le Romancer M. Non-genomic signaling of steroid receptors in cancer. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 538:111453. [PMID: 34520815 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Steroid receptors (SRs) are members of the nuclear receptor family, which are ligand-activated transcription factors. SRs regulate many physiological functions including development and reproduction, though they can also be involved in several pathologies, especially cancer. Highly controlled cellular responses to steroids involve transcriptional regulation (genomic activity) combined with direct activation of signaling cascades (non-genomic activity). Non-genomic signaling has been extensively studied in cancer, mainly in breast cancer for ER and PR, and prostate cancer for AR. Even though most of the studies have been conducted in cells, some of them have been confirmed in vivo, highlighting the relevance of this pathway in cancer. This review provides an overview of the current and emerging knowledge on non-genomic signaling with a focus on breast and prostate cancers and its clinical relevance. A thorough understanding of ER, PR, AR and GR non-genomic pathways may open new perspectives for the development of therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlène Thiebaut
- Université de Lyon, F-69000, Lyon, France; Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, F-69000, Lyon, France; CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, F-69000, Lyon, France
| | - Virginie Vlaeminck-Guillem
- Université de Lyon, F-69000, Lyon, France; Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, F-69000, Lyon, France; CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, F-69000, Lyon, France; Service de Biochimie Biologie Moléculaire Sud, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, F-69495, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Olivier Trédan
- Université de Lyon, F-69000, Lyon, France; Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, F-69000, Lyon, France; CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, F-69000, Lyon, France; Medical Oncology Department, Centre Léon Bérard, F-69000, Lyon, France
| | - Coralie Poulard
- Université de Lyon, F-69000, Lyon, France; Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, F-69000, Lyon, France; CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, F-69000, Lyon, France
| | - Muriel Le Romancer
- Université de Lyon, F-69000, Lyon, France; Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, F-69000, Lyon, France; CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, F-69000, Lyon, France.
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Tesoriere A, Dinarello A, Argenton F. The Roles of Post-Translational Modifications in STAT3 Biological Activities and Functions. Biomedicines 2021; 9:956. [PMID: 34440160 PMCID: PMC8393524 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9080956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
STAT3 is an important transcription factor that regulates cell growth and proliferation by regulating gene transcription of a plethora of genes. This protein also has many roles in cancer progression and several tumors such as prostate, lung, breast, and intestine cancers that are characterized by strong STAT3-dependent transcriptional activity. This protein is post-translationally modified in different ways according to cellular context and stimulus, and the same post-translational modification can have opposite effects in different cellular models. In this review, we describe the studies performed on the main modifications affecting the activity of STAT3: phosphorylation of tyrosine 705 and serine 727; acetylation of lysine 49, 87, 601, 615, 631, 685, 707, and 709; and methylation of lysine 49, 140, and 180. The extensive results obtained by different studies demonstrate that post-translational modifications drastically change STAT3 activities and that we need further analysis to properly elucidate all the functions of this multifaceted transcription factor.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Francesco Argenton
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (A.T.); (A.D.)
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Mohammed G, Mousa NA, Talaat IM, Ibrahim H, Saber-Ayad M. Breast Cancer Risk with Progestin Subdermal Implants: A Challenge in Patients Counseling. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:781066. [PMID: 34975755 PMCID: PMC8719328 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.781066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a steady global rise in the use of progestin subdermal implants, where use has increased by more than 20 times in the past two decades. BC risk has been reported with the older progestin only methods such as oral pills, injectables, and intrauterine devices, however, little is known about the risk with subdermal implants. In this review, we aim to update clinicians and researchers on the current evidence to support patient counseling and to inform future research directions. The available evidence of the association between the use of progestin subdermal implants and BC risk is discussed. We provide an overview of the potential role of endogenous progesterone in BC development. The chemical structure and molecular targets of synthetic progestins of relevance are summarized together with the preclinical and clinical evidence on their association with BC risk. We review all studies that investigated the action of the specific progestins included in subdermal implants. As well, we discuss the potential effect of the use of subdermal implants in women at increased BC risk, including carriers of BC susceptibility genetic mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghada Mohammed
- Clinical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- *Correspondence: Ghada Mohammed, ; Noha A. Mousa,
| | - Noha A. Mousa
- Clinical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- *Correspondence: Ghada Mohammed, ; Noha A. Mousa,
| | - Iman M. Talaat
- Clinical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Haya Ibrahim
- Clinical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Maha Saber-Ayad
- Clinical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Moore NL, Hanson AR, Ebrahimie E, Hickey TE, Tilley WD. Anti-proliferative transcriptional effects of medroxyprogesterone acetate in estrogen receptor positive breast cancer cells are predominantly mediated by the progesterone receptor. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2020; 199:105548. [PMID: 31805393 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2019.105548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) is a first generation progestin that has been in clinical use for various hormonal conditions in women since the 1960s. Although developed as a progesterone receptor (PR) agonist, MPA also has strong binding affinity for other steroid receptors. This promiscuity confounds the mechanistic action of MPA in target cells that express multiple steroid receptors. This study is the first to assess the relative contribution of progesterone, androgen and glucocorticoid receptors in mediating the transcriptional activity of MPA on endogenous targets in breast cancer cells that endogenously express all three receptors at comparable levels. Gene expression profiling in estrogen receptor positive (ER+) ZR-75-1 breast cancer cells demonstrated that although the MPA-regulated transcriptome strongly overlapped with that of Progesterone (PROG), 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and Dexamethasone (DEX), it clustered most strongly with that of PROG, suggesting that MPA predominantly acts via the progesterone receptor (PR) rather than androgen receptor (AR) or glucocorticoid receptor (GR). Subsequent experiments manipulating levels of these receptors, either through specific culture conditions or with lentiviral shRNAs targeting individual receptors, also revealed a stronger contribution of PR compared to AR and GR on the expression of endogenous target genes that are either commonly regulated by all ligands or specifically regulated only by MPA. A predominant contribution of PR to MPA action in ER+ T-47D breast cancer cells was also observed, although a stronger role for AR was evident in T-47D compared to that observed in ZR-75-1 cells. Network analysis of ligand-specific and commonly regulated genes demonstrated that MPA utilises different transcription factors and signalling pathways to inhibit proliferation compared with PROG. This study reaffirms the importance of PR in mediating MPA action in an endogenous breast cancer context where multiple steroid receptors are co-expressed and has potential implications for PR-targeting therapeutic strategies in ER+ breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole L Moore
- Dame Roma Mitchell Cancer Research Laboratories, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Adrienne R Hanson
- Dame Roma Mitchell Cancer Research Laboratories, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Esmaeil Ebrahimie
- Dame Roma Mitchell Cancer Research Laboratories, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Theresa E Hickey
- Dame Roma Mitchell Cancer Research Laboratories, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Wayne D Tilley
- Dame Roma Mitchell Cancer Research Laboratories, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
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13
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Cenciarini ME, Proietti CJ. Molecular mechanisms underlying progesterone receptor action in breast cancer: Insights into cell proliferation and stem cell regulation. Steroids 2019; 152:108503. [PMID: 31562879 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2019.108503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The ovarian steroid hormone progesterone and its nuclear receptor, the Progesterone Receptor (PR), play an essential role in the regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation in the mammary gland. In addition, experimental and clinical evidence demonstrate their critical role in controlling mammary gland tumorigenesis and breast cancer development. When bound to its ligand, the main action of PR is as a transcription factor, which regulates the expression of target genes networks. PR also activates signal transduction pathways through a rapid or non-genomic mechanism in breast cancer cells, an event that is fully integrated with its genomic effects. This review summarizes the molecular mechanisms of the ligand-activated PR actions that drive epithelial cell proliferation and the regulation of the stem cell population in the normal breast and in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro E Cenciarini
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires C1428ADN, Argentina
| | - Cecilia J Proietti
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires C1428ADN, Argentina.
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14
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Dittmer A, Lange T, Leyh B, Dittmer J. Protein‑ and growth‑modulatory effects of carcinoma‑associated fibroblasts on breast cancer cells: Role of interleukin‑6. Int J Oncol 2019; 56:258-272. [PMID: 31789400 PMCID: PMC6910226 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) secrete factors that increase the expression and/or activities of proteins in breast cancer cells and induce resistance to anti-estrogens, such as fulvestrant. A major factor is interleukin-6 (IL-6). This study demonstrated that, across estrogen receptor (ER) α-positive and -negative cell lines, recombinant human IL-6 (rhIL-6) mimicked most of the CAF-conditioned medium (CM)-induced changes in protein expression patterns; however, in most cases, it failed to recapitulate CAF-CM-triggered alterations in ERK1/2 and AKT activities. The ability of rhIL-6 to induce fulvestrant resistance was dependent upon the culture conditions. In 3D, but not in 2D cultures, rhIL-6 increased the survival of fulvestrant-treated cells, although not to the same extent as observed with CAF-CM. In 2D cultures, rhIL-6 acted in a pro-apoptotic manner and decreased the expression of ATP-binding cassette transporter G2 (ABCG2). The inhibition of the PI3K/AKT pathway had similar effects on apoptosis and ABCG2 expression, linking the failure of rhIL-6 to induce fulvestrant resistance to its inability to activate the PI3K/AKT pathway. In 3D cultures, both CAF-CM and rhIL-6 acted in an anti-apoptotic manner. These activities are likely independent on the PI3K/AKT pathway and ABCG2. Experiments on ERα-negative breast cancer cells revealed a growth-inhibitory effects of both CAF-CM and rhIL-6, which coincided with a reduction in the c-Myc level. These data suggest that IL-6 plays a role in several effects of CAF-CM, including alterations in protein expression patterns, fulvestrant resistance in 3D cultures and growth inhibition. By contrast, IL-6 is unlikely to be responsible for the CAF-CM-induced activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway and fulvestrant resistance in 2D cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Dittmer
- Clinic for Gynecology, Martin Luther University Halle‑Wittenberg, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Theresia Lange
- Clinic for Gynecology, Martin Luther University Halle‑Wittenberg, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Benjamin Leyh
- Clinic for Gynecology, Martin Luther University Halle‑Wittenberg, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Jürgen Dittmer
- Clinic for Gynecology, Martin Luther University Halle‑Wittenberg, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
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15
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Cui C, Cheng X, Yan L, Ding H, Guan X, Zhang W, Tian X, Hao C. Downregulation of TfR1 promotes progression of colorectal cancer via the JAK/STAT pathway. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:6323-6341. [PMID: 31372038 PMCID: PMC6628123 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s198911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent gastrointestinal malignancies. The incidence of CRC has been rapidly increasing in China. Transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) is a key regulator of cellular iron homeostasis. Several studies have demonstrated TfR1 overexpression in a variety of human tumors, but the association between TfR1 and CRC remains unclear. Methods: TfR1 expression was evaluated in six CRC cell lines and tumor tissues. A total of 201 CRC patients were included for immunohistochemistry and 19 pairs of frozen tissues were used for real-time PCR. Cell proliferation, cell cycle, cell migration and invasion, and in vivo carcinogenesis were tested after downregulation of TfR1 by lentivirus. Protein microarray and Western blot analyses were used to explore the underlying mechanisms of TfR1 in CRC. Results: TfR1 expression was higher in CRC tissues than in normal tissues (57.2% vs 22.9%, P<0.001). TfR1 expression was obviously higher in CRC tissues with well differentiation (P=0.008), no lymph node metastasis (P=0.002), no distant metastasis (P=0.006), no vascular invasion (P<0.001) and early TNM stage (P=0.013). CRC patients with TfR1-positive expression had a better survival than those with TfR1-negative expression (P=0.044). Downregulation of TfR1 expression inhibited cell proliferation, promoted cells from G1 phase to S phase and facilitated cell migration and invasion. Knockdown of TfR1 also suppressed tumor growth in BALB/C-nu mice. Protein microarray and Western blot analyses showed that the Janus protein tyrosine kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway was activated along with downregulation of TfR1 expression. Conclusion: Though TfR1 was overexpressed in colorectal cancer tissues, there was evidence that downregulation of TfR1 could promote cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Cui
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojing Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Gastrointestinal Carcinoma Translational Research Laboratory, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Yan
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, People's Republic of China
| | - Huirong Ding
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Central Laboratory, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoya Guan
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenlong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Laboratory Animal, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuyun Tian
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyi Hao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, People's Republic of China
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16
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Giulianelli S, Riggio M, Guillardoy T, Pérez Piñero C, Gorostiaga MA, Sequeira G, Pataccini G, Abascal MF, Toledo MF, Jacobsen BM, Guerreiro AC, Barros A, Novaro V, Monteiro FL, Amado F, Gass H, Abba M, Helguero LA, Lanari C. FGF2 induces breast cancer growth through ligand-independent activation and recruitment of ERα and PRBΔ4 isoform to MYC regulatory sequences. Int J Cancer 2019; 145:1874-1888. [PMID: 30843188 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Progression to hormone-independent growth leading to endocrine therapy resistance occurs in a high proportion of patients with estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and progesterone receptors (PR) positive breast cancer. We and others have previously shown that estrogen- and progestin-induced tumor growth requires ERα and PR interaction at their target genes. Here, we show that fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2)-induces cell proliferation and tumor growth through hormone-independent ERα and PR activation and their interaction at the MYC enhancer and proximal promoter. MYC inhibitors, antiestrogens or antiprogestins reverted FGF2-induced effects. LC-MS/MS identified 700 canonical proteins recruited to MYC regulatory sequences after FGF2 stimulation, 397 of which required active ERα (ERα-dependent). We identified ERα-dependent proteins regulating transcription that, after FGF2 treatment, were recruited to the enhancer as well as proteins involved in transcription initiation that were recruited to the proximal promoter. Also, among the ERα-dependent and independent proteins detected at both sites, PR isoforms A and B as well as the novel protein product PRBΔ4 were found. PRBΔ4 lacks the hormone-binding domain and was able to induce reporter gene expression from estrogen-regulated elements and to increase cell proliferation when cells were stimulated with FGF2 but not by progestins. Analysis of the Cancer Genome Atlas data set revealed that PRBΔ4 expression is associated with worse overall survival in luminal breast cancer patients. This discovery provides a new mechanism by which growth factor signaling can engage nonclassical hormone receptor isoforms such as PRBΔ4, which interacts with growth-factor activated ERα and PR to stimulate MYC gene expression and hence progression to endocrine resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastián Giulianelli
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, IByME-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Biología de Organismos Marinos, IBIOMAR-CCT CENPAT-CONICET, Puerto Madryn, Argentina
| | - Marina Riggio
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, IByME-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Tomas Guillardoy
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, IByME-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cecilia Pérez Piñero
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, IByME-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María A Gorostiaga
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, IByME-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gonzalo Sequeira
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, IByME-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gabriela Pataccini
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, IByME-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María F Abascal
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, IByME-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María F Toledo
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, IByME-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Britta M Jacobsen
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Ana C Guerreiro
- Department of Chemistry, QOPNA - Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - António Barros
- Department of Chemistry, QOPNA - Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Virginia Novaro
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, IByME-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fátima L Monteiro
- Department of Medical Sciences, iBiMED - Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Francisco Amado
- Department of Chemistry, QOPNA - Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Hugo Gass
- Hospital de Agudos Magdalena V de Martínez, General Pacheco, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Martin Abba
- CINIBA, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Luisa A Helguero
- Department of Medical Sciences, iBiMED - Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Claudia Lanari
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, IByME-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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17
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Cordo Russo RI, Chervo MF, Madera S, Charreau EH, Elizalde PV. Nuclear ErbB-2: a Novel Therapeutic Target in ErbB-2-Positive Breast Cancer? Discov Oncol 2019; 10:64-70. [PMID: 30656558 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-018-0356-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane overexpression of ErbB-2 (MErbB-2), a member of the ErbB family of receptor tyrosine kinases, occurs in 15-20% of breast cancers (BC) and constitutes a therapeutic target in this BC subtype (ErbB-2-positive). Although MErbB-2-targeted therapies have significantly improved patients' clinical outcome, resistance to available drugs is still a major issue in the clinic. Lack of accurate biomarkers for predicting responses to anti-ErbB-2 drugs at the time of diagnosis is also an important unresolved issue. Hence, a better understanding of the ErbB-2 signaling pathway constitutes a critical task in the battle against BC. In its canonical mechanism of action, MErbB-2 activates downstream signaling pathways, which transduce its proliferative effects in BC. The dogma of ErbB-2 mechanism of action has been challenged by the demonstration that MErbB-2 migrates to the nucleus, where it acts as a transcriptional regulator. Accumulating findings demonstrate that nuclear ErbB-2 (NErbB-2) is involved in BC growth and metastasis. Emerging evidence also reveal a role of NErbB-2 in the response to available anti-MErbB-2 agents. Here, we will review NErbB-2 function in BC and will particularly discuss the role of NErbB-2 as a novel target for therapy in ErbB-2-positive BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalía I Cordo Russo
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - María F Chervo
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Santiago Madera
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Eduardo H Charreau
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Patricia V Elizalde
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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18
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Prognostic roles of signal transducers and activators of transcription family in human breast cancer. Biosci Rep 2018; 38:BSR20171175. [PMID: 29326301 PMCID: PMC6294627 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20171175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2017] [Revised: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) family are critical transcription factors, which have been proved as prognostic predictors for a number of cancers. However, the prognostic roles of STAT family in breast cancer patients remain in dispute. In the present study, we mined the ‘Kaplan–Meier plotter’ (KM plotter) online database to explore the prognostic roles of STAT family mRNA expression in breast cancer including overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), as well as post-progression survival (PPS). The results suggest high mRNA expression of all the individual STATs, except STAT1 and STAT2, are significantly associated with favorable OS in breast cancer patients; high STAT1 mRNA expression is significantly associated with worse RFS and all the other individual STATs, except STAT3, are significantly associated with better RFS in breast cancer patients; only high STAT5b mRNA expression is significantly related to better PPS in breast cancer patients. Additionally, we explored the prognostic values of individual STATs in other clinicopathological features, such as pathological grades, estrogen receptor (ER) status and so on. The results suggest, except STAT2 and STAT6, high mRNA expression of STATs is related to a favorable prognosis especially for high pathological grade; high STAT5 mRNA expression indicates a favorable prognosis no matter under ER positive or negative status; high STAT4 mRNA expression suggests a favorable prognosis under human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) negative status. Our results indicate that individual STATs, except STAT1 and STAT2, may act as a favorable prognostic biomarker in breast cancer. Nevertheless, further investigations on a larger population are warranted.
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19
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Lu H, Wu S, Chen H, Huang Y, Qiu G, Liu L, Li Y. Crizotinib induces apoptosis of lung cancer cells through JAK-STAT pathway. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:5992-5996. [PMID: 30333870 PMCID: PMC6176410 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Effect of crizotinib on apoptosis of lung cancer cells was investigated. Human non-small cell lung adenocarcinoma H2228 cells were cultured in the presence of 0, 20, 40, 80, 160 and 320 nmol/l of crizotinib for 3 days, respectively. The inhibition rate of cell proliferation was measured by MTT assay, and half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was calculated. Cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. Transwell assay was performed to detect cell migration. Expression of Janus protein tyrosine kinase (JAK) and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) proteins was detected by western blot analysis. Crizotinib significantly inhibited the proliferation of human lung cancer H2228 cells, and the inhibitory effect was enhanced with the increase of the concentration of crizotinib (p<0.01). The IC50 value was 311.26 nnol/l. According to IC50 value, concentration of crizotinib at 300 nmol/l was selected for the study. It was found that crizotinib at 300 nmol/l significantly promoted cell apoptosis (p<0.01) and inhibited cell migration (p<0.01). Compared with pretreatment levels, crizotinib downregulated the expression of JAK and STAT (p<0.01) on the 1st day of treatment, but with the prolongation of time, no further significant difference was observed on the 1st, 2nd or 3rd day in the level of JAK protein (p=0.47); there were no statistically significant differences in the level of STAT protein (p=0.91). Crizotinib can inhibit the migration and promote cell apoptosis of human lung cancer cell line H2228 by regulating the expression of JAK and STAT proteins in JAK-STAT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmin Lu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Renji Hospital Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200000, P.R. China
| | - Shibo Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Li Huili Hospital, Ningbo Medical Center, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315041, P.R. China
| | - Huafei Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhejiang Rongjun Hospital, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314001, P.R. China
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital Affiliated to AMU (Southwest Hospital), Chongqing 400038, P.R. China
| | - Guoqin Qiu
- Department of Thoracic Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
| | - Lingxiang Liu
- Department of Oncology, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
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20
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Kurozumi S, Matsumoto H, Inoue K, Tozuka K, Hayashi Y, Kurosumi M, Oyama T, Fujii T, Horiguchi J, Kuwano H. Impact of combining the progesterone receptor and preoperative endocrine prognostic index (PEPI) as a prognostic factor after neoadjuvant endocrine therapy using aromatase inhibitors in postmenopausal ER positive and HER2 negative breast cancer. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0201846. [PMID: 30080878 PMCID: PMC6078304 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The preoperative endocrine prognostic index (PEPI) predicts survival after neoadjuvant endocrine therapy (NAE) using aromatase inhibitors (AIs) for women with postmenopausal estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer irrespective of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status. Although the progesterone receptor (PgR) is also a prognostic factor for ER-positive breast cancer, the PgR status was not considered a prognostic factor in the original PEPI scoring system. In this study, we investigated the utility of a modified PEPI including the PgR status (PEPI-P) as a prognostic factor after NAE for postmenopausal patients with ER-positive and HER2-negative breast cancer. We enrolled 107 patients with invasive ER-positive and HER2-negative breast cancer treated with exemestane for ≥4 months as NAE. We initially assessed PEPI and compared survival between the groups. Additionally, we obtained an effective cutoff for PgR through survival analysis. Then, we assessed the survival significance of PEPI-P. A PgR staining rate of 50% was the most significant cutoff for predicting recurrence-free survival (RFS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS). PEPI was a significant prognostic factor; moreover, PEPI-P was the most significant prognostic indicator for RFS and CSS. PEPI-P is a potent prognostic indicator of survival after NAE using AIs for postmenopausal patients with ER-positive and HER2-negative breast cancer. This modified PEPI may be useful for therapeutic decision-making regarding postmenopausal ER-positive and HER2-negative breast cancer after NAE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasagu Kurozumi
- Division of Breast Surgery, Saitama Cancer Center, Saitama, Japan
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Kenichi Inoue
- Division of Breast Oncology, Saitama Cancer Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Katsunori Tozuka
- Division of Breast Surgery, Saitama Cancer Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yuji Hayashi
- Division of Breast Surgery, Saitama Cancer Center, Saitama, Japan
| | | | - Tetsunari Oyama
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Takaaki Fujii
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Jun Horiguchi
- Department of Breast Surgery, International University of Health and Welfare, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kuwano
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
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21
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Leehy KA, Truong TH, Mauro LJ, Lange CA. Progesterone receptors (PR) mediate STAT actions: PR and prolactin receptor signaling crosstalk in breast cancer models. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2018; 176:88-93. [PMID: 28442393 PMCID: PMC5653461 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2017.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Estrogen is the major mitogenic stimulus of mammary gland development during puberty wherein ER signaling acts to induce abundant PR expression. PR signaling, in contrast, is the primary driver of mammary epithelial cell proliferation in adulthood. The high circulating levels of progesterone during pregnancy signal through PR, inducing expression of the prolactin receptor (PRLR). Cooperation between PR and prolactin (PRL) signaling, via regulation of downstream components in the PRL signaling pathway including JAKs and STATs, facilitates the alveolar morphogenesis observed during pregnancy. Indeed, these pathways are fully integrated via activation of shared signaling pathways (i.e. JAKs, MAPKs) as well as by the convergence of PRs and STATs at target genes relevant to both mammary gland biology and breast cancer progression (i.e. proliferation, stem cell outgrowth, tissue cell type heterogeneity). Thus, rather than a single mediator such as ER, transcription factor cascades (ER>PR>STATs) are responsible for rapid proliferative and developmental programming in the normal mammary gland. It is not surprising that these same mediators typify uncontrolled proliferation in a majority of breast cancers, where ER and PR are most often co-expressed and may cooperate to drive malignant tumor progression. This review will primarily focus on the integration of PR and PRL signaling in breast cancer models and the importance of this cross-talk in cancer progression in the context of mammographic density. Components of these PR/PRL signaling pathways could offer alternative drug targets and logical complements to anti-ER or anti-estrogen-based endocrine therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine A Leehy
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Masonic Cancer Center, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, United States
| | - Thu H Truong
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Masonic Cancer Center, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, United States
| | - Laura J Mauro
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Minnesota Masonic Cancer Center, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, United States
| | - Carol A Lange
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Masonic Cancer Center, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, United States.
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22
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Hsu TI, Wang YC, Hung CY, Yu CH, Su WC, Chang WC, Hung JJ. Positive feedback regulation between IL10 and EGFR promotes lung cancer formation. Oncotarget 2018; 7:20840-54. [PMID: 26956044 PMCID: PMC4991496 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of IL10 in the tumorigenesis of various cancer types is still controversial. Here, we found that increased IL10 levels are correlated with a poor prognosis in lung cancer patients. Moreover, IL10 levels were significantly increased in the lungs and serum of EGFRL858R- and Kras4bG12D-induced lung cancer mice, indicating that IL10 might facilitate lung cancer tumorigenesis. IL10 knockout in EGFRL858R and Kras4bG12D mice inhibited the development of lung tumors and decreased the levels of infiltrating M2 macrophages and tumor-promoting Treg lymphocytes. We also showed that EGF increases IL10 expression by enhancing IL10 mRNA stability, and IL10 subsequently activates JAK1/STAT3, Src, PI3K/Akt, and Erk signaling pathways. Interestingly, the IL10-induced recruitment of phosphorylated Src was critical for inducing EGFR through the activation of the JAK1/STAT3 pathway, suggesting that Src and JAK1 positively regulate each other to enhance STAT3 activity. Doxycycline-induced EGFRL858R mice treated with gefitinib and anti-IL10 antibodies exhibited poor tumor formation. In conclusion, IL10 and EGFR regulate each other through positive feedback, which leads to lung cancer formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-I Hsu
- Center for Infection Disease and Signal Research, College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,The Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chang Wang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yang Hung
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hui Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Chou Su
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chang Chang
- Center for Infection Disease and Signal Research, College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,The Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jan-Jong Hung
- Center for Infection Disease and Signal Research, College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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23
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Chen Y, Liu Y, Wang Y, Li W, Wang X, Liu X, Chen Y, Ouyang C, Wang J. Quantification of STAT3 and VEGF expression for molecular diagnosis of lymph node metastasis in breast cancer. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e8488. [PMID: 29137038 PMCID: PMC5690731 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000008488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Axillary lymph node metastasis is associated with increased risk of regional recurrence, distant metastasis, and poor survival in breast malignant neoplasm. Expression of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is significantly associated with tumor formation, migration, and invasion in various cancers. In addition, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression could promote angiogenesis and increase the risk of tumorigenesis. To determine correlations among STAT3 expression, VEGF, and clinicopathological data on lymph node involvement in breast cancer patients after surgery. METHODS The mRNA expression levels of STAT3 and VEGFs were measured in 45 breast invasive ductal carcinoma tissues, 45 peritumoral tissues, and 45 adjacent nontumor tissues by real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Postoperative pathological examination revealed explicit axillary lymph node involvement in all patients. RESULTS Average mRNA levels of STAT3 and VEGFs were the highest in breast invasive ductal carcinoma tissues, followed by peritumoral tissues. High expression of STAT3 showed significant positive correlation with high axillary lymph node involvement and progesterone receptor (PR), VEGF-C, VEGF-D, and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR)-3 expression. The expression levels of STAT3, VEGF-C, and VEGFR-3 were significantly higher in the tumor tissues of patients with axillary lymph node metastasis than in those of patients without the metastasis. Expression levels of VEGF-C and VEGFR-3 were also significantly higher in peritumoral tissues of patients with axillary lymph node metastasis. Positive correlations were found between STAT3 and VEGF-C/-D mRNA levels. CONCLUSION These data suggest that STAT3/VEGF-C/VEGFR-3 signaling pathway plays an important role in carcinogenesis and lymph-angiogenesis. Our findings suggest that STAT3 may be a potential molecular biomarker for predicting the involvement of axillary lymph nodes in breast cancer, and therapies targeting STAT3 may be important for preventing breast cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujuan Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, Western China Hospital of Sichuan University
| | - Ya Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Western China Hospital of Sichuan University
| | - Yu Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis of Cancer, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Western China Hospital of Sichuan University
| | - Xiaolu Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Western China Hospital of Sichuan University
| | - Xuejuan Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Western China Hospital of Sichuan University
| | - Yao Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, Western China Hospital of Sichuan University
| | - Chibin Ouyang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Western China Hospital of Sichuan University
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Western China Hospital of Sichuan University
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24
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Wu HT, Liu J, Li GW, Shen JX, Huang YT. The transcriptional STAT3 is a potential target, whereas transcriptional STAT5A/5B/6 are new biomarkers for prognosis in human breast carcinoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:36279-36288. [PMID: 28422733 PMCID: PMC5482654 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Signal Transducer and Activators of Transcription (STAT) is a set of transcription factors, involved in diverse cellular functions. Evidences from cell lines, mouse models and human tissues implicate these transcription factors in the oncogenesis of breast cancer. However, the diverse expression patterns and prognostic values of 7 STATs remain to be elucidated. In the current study, we mined the transcriptional and survival data of STATs in patients with breast carcinoma (BC) through ONCOMINE, bc-GenExMiner, Kaplan-Meier Plotter and cBioPortal. It was found that STAT1/2 were up-regulated, whereas STAT3/4/5A/5B were down-regulated in BC patients compared with the normal tissues. The expressions of STAT5A/5B/6 were correlated with decreased levels of histological differentiation. In survival analyses through the Kaplan-Meier plotter database, high transcription levels of STAT2/4/5A/5B/6 were associated with better relapse-free survival (RFS) in all BC patients. Conversely, high STAT3 predicted shorter RFS in BC patients, suggesting that STAT3 is potential targets for precision therapy to BC patients. These data also provided STAT5A/5B/6 as new biomarker for BC prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Tao Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, PR China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, PR China
- Chang Jiang Scholar's Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, PR China
| | - Guan-Wu Li
- Open Laboratory for Tumor Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry, The Key Lab of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, PR China
| | - Jia-Xin Shen
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, PR China
| | - Yi-Teng Huang
- Health Care Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, PR China
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25
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Zhu F, Dai C, Fu Y, Loo JFC, Xia D, Gao SP, Ma Z, Chen Z. Physalin A exerts anti-tumor activity in non-small cell lung cancer cell lines by suppressing JAK/STAT3 signaling. Oncotarget 2017; 7:9462-76. [PMID: 26843613 PMCID: PMC4891052 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 01/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway plays critical roles in the pathogenesis and progression of various human cancers, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In this study, we aimed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of physalin A, a bioactive withanolide derived from Physalis alkekengi var. francheti used in traditional Chinese medicine, was evaluated in human NSCLC cells. Its and determined whether it effect oninhibited both constitutive and induced STAT3 activity, through repressing the phosphorylation levels of JAK2 and JAK3, resulting in anti-proliferation and pro-apoptotic effects on NSCLC cells was also determined, and. theThe antitumor effects of physalin A were also validated usingin an in vivo mouse xenograft models of NSCLC cells. Physalin A had anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects in NSCLC cells with constitutively activated STAT3; it also suppressed both constitutive and induced STAT3 activity by modulating the phosphorylation of JAK2 and JAK3. Furthermore, physalin A abrogated the nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity of STAT3, thereby decreasing the expression levels of STAT3, its target genes, such as Bcl-2 and XIAP. Knockdown of STAT3 expression by small interfering RNA (siRNA) significantly enhanced the pro-apoptotic effects of physalin A in NSCLC cells. Moreover, physalin A significantly suppressed tumor xenograft growth. Thus, as an inhibitor of JAK2/3-STAT3 signaling, physalin A, has potent anti-tumor activities, which may facilitate the development of a therapeutic strategy for treating NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanfan Zhu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Gastro-Intestinal Pathophysiology, Zhejiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Chunyan Dai
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Gastro-Intestinal Pathophysiology, Zhejiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Yufei Fu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Gastro-Intestinal Pathophysiology, Zhejiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Jacky F C Loo
- Biochemistry Program, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Dajin Xia
- Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Sizhi P Gao
- HOPP, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zhongjun Ma
- Institute of Marine Biology and Natural Products, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Zhe Chen
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Gastro-Intestinal Pathophysiology, Zhejiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, PR China
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26
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Elizalde PV, Cordo Russo RI, Chervo MF, Schillaci R. ErbB-2 nuclear function in breast cancer growth, metastasis and resistance to therapy. Endocr Relat Cancer 2016; 23:T243-T257. [PMID: 27765799 DOI: 10.1530/erc-16-0360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Approximately 15-20% of breast cancers (BC) show either membrane overexpression of ErbB-2 (MErbB-2), a member of the ErbBs family of receptor tyrosine kinases, or ERBB2 gene amplification. Until the development of MErbB-2-targeted therapies, this BC subtype, called ErbB-2-positive, was associated with increased metastatic potential and poor prognosis. Although these therapies have significantly improved overall survival and cure rates, resistance to available drugs is still a major clinical issue. In its classical mechanism, MErbB-2 activates downstream signaling cascades, which transduce its effects in BC. The fact that ErbB-2 is also present in the nucleus of BC cells was discovered over twenty years ago. Also, compelling evidence revealed a non-canonical function of nuclear ErbB-2 as a transcriptional regulator. As a deeper understanding of nuclear ErbB-2 actions would be crucial to the disclosure of its role as a biomarker and a target of therapy in BC, we will here review its function in BC, in particular, its role in growth, metastatic spreading and response to currently available MErbB-2-positive BC therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia V Elizalde
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of CarcinogenesisInstituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rosalía I Cordo Russo
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of CarcinogenesisInstituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maria F Chervo
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of CarcinogenesisInstituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Roxana Schillaci
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of CarcinogenesisInstituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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27
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Venturutti L, Romero LV, Urtreger AJ, Chervo MF, Cordo Russo RI, Mercogliano MF, Inurrigarro G, Pereyra MG, Proietti CJ, Izzo F, Díaz Flaqué MC, Sundblad V, Roa JC, Guzmán P, Bal de Kier Joffé ED, Charreau EH, Schillaci R, Elizalde PV. Stat3 regulates ErbB-2 expression and co-opts ErbB-2 nuclear function to induce miR-21 expression, PDCD4 downregulation and breast cancer metastasis. Oncogene 2016; 35:2208-22. [PMID: 26212010 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Revised: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Membrane overexpression of the receptor tyrosine kinase ErbB-2 (MErbB-2) accounts for a clinically aggressive breast cancer (BC) subtype (ErbB-2-positive) with increased incidence of metastases. We and others demonstrated that nuclear ErbB-2 (NErbB-2) also plays a key role in BC and is a poor prognostic factor in ErbB-2-positive tumors. The signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3), another player in BC, has been recognized as a downstream mediator of MErbB-2 action in BC metastasis. Here, we revealed an unanticipated novel direction of the ErbB-2 and Stat3 interaction underlying BC metastasis. We found that Stat3 binds to its response elements (GAS) at the ErbB-2 promoter to upregulate ErbB-2 transcription in metastatic, ErbB-2-positive BC. We validated these results in several BC subtypes displaying metastatic and non-metastatic ability, highlighting Stat3 general role as upstream regulator of ErbB-2 expression in BC. Moreover, we showed that Stat3 co-opts NErbB-2 function by recruiting ErbB-2 as its coactivator at the GAS sites in the promoter of microRNA-21 (miR-21), a metastasis-promoting microRNA (miRNA). Using an ErbB-2 nuclear localization domain mutant and a constitutively activated ErbB-2 variant, we found that NErbB-2 role as a Stat3 coactivator and also its direct role as transcription factor upregulate miR-21 in BC. This reveals a novel function of NErbB-2 as a regulator of miRNAs expression. Increased levels of miR-21, in turn, downregulate the expression of the metastasis-suppressor protein programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4), a validated miR-21 target. Using an in vivo model of metastatic ErbB-2-postive BC, in which we silenced Stat3 and reconstituted ErbB-2 or miR-21 expression, we showed that both are downstream mediators of Stat3-driven metastasis. Supporting the clinical relevance of our results, we found an inverse correlation between ErbB-2/Stat3 nuclear co-expression and PDCD4 expression in ErbB-2-positive primary invasive BCs. Our findings identify Stat3 and NErbB-2 as novel therapeutic targets to inhibit ErbB-2-positive BC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Venturutti
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - L V Romero
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - A J Urtreger
- Research Area, Institute of Oncology 'Angel H. Roffo', University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M F Chervo
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - R I Cordo Russo
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M F Mercogliano
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - G Inurrigarro
- Servicio de Patología, Sanatorio Mater Dei, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M G Pereyra
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - C J Proietti
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - F Izzo
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M C Díaz Flaqué
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - V Sundblad
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - J C Roa
- Departamento de Anatomía Patológica (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
- Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDIS), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - P Guzmán
- Departamento de Anatomía Patológica (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - E D Bal de Kier Joffé
- Research Area, Institute of Oncology 'Angel H. Roffo', University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - E H Charreau
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - R Schillaci
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - P V Elizalde
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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28
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Pan T, Liu Y, Zhong LM, Shi MH, Duan XB, Wu K, Yang Q, Liu C, Wei JY, Ma XR, Shi K, Zhang H, Zhou J. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells are essential for maintaining feto-maternal immunotolerance via STAT3 signaling in mice. J Leukoc Biol 2016; 100:499-511. [PMID: 27203698 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.1a1015-481rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal immune system tolerance to the semiallogeneic fetus is essential for a successful pregnancy; however, the mechanisms underlying this immunotolerance have not been fully elucidated. Here, we demonstrate that myeloid-derived suppressor cells play an important role in maintaining feto-maternal tolerance. A significant expansion of granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells was observed in multiple immune organs and decidual tissues from pregnant mice. Pregnancy-derived granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells suppressed T cell responses in a reactive oxygen species-dependent manner and required direct cell-cell contact. Mechanistic studies showed that progesterone facilitated differentiation and activation of granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells, mediated through STAT3 signaling. The STAT3 inhibitor JSI-124 and a specific short hairpin RNA completely abrogated the effects of progesterone on granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells. More importantly, granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cell depletion dramatically enhanced the abortion rate in normal pregnant mice, whereas adoptive transfer of granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells clearly reduced the abortion rate in the CBA/J X DBA/2J mouse model of spontaneous abortion. These observations collectively demonstrate that granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells play an essential role in the maintenance of fetal immunotolerance in mice. Furthermore, our study supports the notion that in addition to their well-recognized roles under pathologic conditions, myeloid-derived suppressor cells perform important functions under certain physiologic circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Pan
- Program in Immunology, Affiliated Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Institute of Human Virology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yufeng Liu
- Program in Immunology, Affiliated Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Institute of Human Virology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Mei Zhong
- Institute of Human Virology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mao Hua Shi
- Institute of Human Virology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Bing Duan
- Institute of Human Virology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kang Wu
- Institute of Human Virology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiong Yang
- Institute of Human Virology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Institute of Human Virology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Yang Wei
- Institute of Human Virology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xing Ru Ma
- Institute of Human Virology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kun Shi
- Department of Gynecology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Institute of Human Virology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Chinese Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; and
| | - Jie Zhou
- Program in Immunology, Affiliated Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Institute of Human Virology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Chinese Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; and
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29
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Diep CH, Knutson TP, Lange CA. Active FOXO1 Is a Key Determinant of Isoform-Specific Progesterone Receptor Transactivation and Senescence Programming. Mol Cancer Res 2015; 14:141-62. [PMID: 26577046 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-15-0431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Progesterone promotes differentiation coupled to proliferation and prosurvival in the breast, but inhibits estrogen-driven growth in the reproductive tract and ovaries. Herein, it is demonstrated, using progesterone receptor (PR) isoform-specific ovarian cancer model systems, that PR-A and PR-B promote distinct gene expression profiles that differ from PR-driven genes in breast cancer cells. In ovarian cancer models, PR-A primarily regulates genes independently of progestin, while PR-B is the dominant ligand-dependent isoform. Notably, FOXO1 and the PR/FOXO1 target gene p21 (CDKN1A) are repressed by PR-A, but induced by PR-B. In the presence of progestin, PR-B, but not PR-A, robustly induced cellular senescence via FOXO1-dependent induction of p21 and p15 (CDKN2B). Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays performed on PR isoform-specific cells demonstrated that while each isoform is recruited to the same PRE-containing region of the p21 promoter in response to progestin, only PR-B elicits active chromatin marks. Overexpression of constitutively active FOXO1 in PR-A-expressing cells conferred robust ligand-dependent upregulation of the PR-B target genes GZMA, IGFBP1, and p21, and induced cellular senescence. In the presence of endogenous active FOXO1, PR-A was phosphorylated on Ser294 and transactivated PR-B at PR-B target genes; these events were blocked by the FOXO1 inhibitor (AS1842856). PR isoform-specific regulation of the FOXO1/p21 axis recapitulated in human primary ovarian tumor explants treated with progestin; loss of progestin sensitivity correlated with high AKT activity. IMPLICATIONS This study indicates FOXO1 as a critical component for progesterone signaling to promote cellular senescence and reveals a novel mechanism for transcription factor control of hormone sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline H Diep
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Todd P Knutson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Carol A Lange
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota. Department of Pharmacology, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
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30
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Proietti CJ, Izzo F, Díaz Flaqué MC, Cordo Russo R, Venturutti L, Mercogliano MF, De Martino M, Pineda V, Muñoz S, Guzmán P, Roa JC, Schillaci R, Elizalde PV. Heregulin Co-opts PR Transcriptional Action Via Stat3 Role As a Coregulator to Drive Cancer Growth. Mol Endocrinol 2015; 29:1468-85. [PMID: 26340407 DOI: 10.1210/me.2015-1170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulated findings have demonstrated the presence of bidirectional interactions between progesterone receptor (PR) and the ErbB family of receptor tyrosine kinases signaling pathways in breast cancer. We previously revealed signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) as a nodal convergence point between said signaling pathways proving that Stat3 is activated by one of the ErbBs' ligands, heregulin (HRG)β1 via ErbB2 and through the co-option of PR as a signaling molecule. Here, we found that HRGβ1 induced Stat3 recruitment to the promoters of the progestin-regulated cell cycle modulators Bcl-XL and p21(CIP1) and also stimulated Stat3 binding to the mouse mammary tumor virus promoter, which carries consensus progesterone response elements. Interestingly, HRGβ1-activated Stat3 displayed differential functions on PR activity depending on the promoter bound. Indeed, Stat3 was required for PR binding in bcl-X, p21(CIP1), and c-myc promoters while exerting a PR coactivator function on the mouse mammary tumor virus promoter. Stat3 also proved to be necessary for HRGβ1-induced in vivo tumor growth. Our results endow Stat3 a novel function as a coregulator of HRGβ1-activated PR to promote breast cancer growth. These findings underscore the importance of understanding the complex interactions between PR and other regulatory factors, such as Stat3, that contribute to determine the context-dependent transcriptional actions of PR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia J Proietti
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (C.J.P., F.I., M.C.D.F., R.C.R., L.V., M.F.M., M.D.M., R.S., P.V.E.), National Council of Scientific Research, Buenos Aires, 1428 ADN Argentina; Departamento de Anatomía Patológica (Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus) (V.P., S.M., P.G., J.C.R.), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, 8330024 Chile; Departamento de Anatomía Patológica (J.C.R.), Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, 8330024 Chile; and Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (J.C.R.), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, 8330024 Chile
| | - Franco Izzo
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (C.J.P., F.I., M.C.D.F., R.C.R., L.V., M.F.M., M.D.M., R.S., P.V.E.), National Council of Scientific Research, Buenos Aires, 1428 ADN Argentina; Departamento de Anatomía Patológica (Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus) (V.P., S.M., P.G., J.C.R.), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, 8330024 Chile; Departamento de Anatomía Patológica (J.C.R.), Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, 8330024 Chile; and Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (J.C.R.), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, 8330024 Chile
| | - María Celeste Díaz Flaqué
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (C.J.P., F.I., M.C.D.F., R.C.R., L.V., M.F.M., M.D.M., R.S., P.V.E.), National Council of Scientific Research, Buenos Aires, 1428 ADN Argentina; Departamento de Anatomía Patológica (Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus) (V.P., S.M., P.G., J.C.R.), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, 8330024 Chile; Departamento de Anatomía Patológica (J.C.R.), Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, 8330024 Chile; and Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (J.C.R.), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, 8330024 Chile
| | - Rosalía Cordo Russo
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (C.J.P., F.I., M.C.D.F., R.C.R., L.V., M.F.M., M.D.M., R.S., P.V.E.), National Council of Scientific Research, Buenos Aires, 1428 ADN Argentina; Departamento de Anatomía Patológica (Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus) (V.P., S.M., P.G., J.C.R.), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, 8330024 Chile; Departamento de Anatomía Patológica (J.C.R.), Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, 8330024 Chile; and Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (J.C.R.), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, 8330024 Chile
| | - Leandro Venturutti
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (C.J.P., F.I., M.C.D.F., R.C.R., L.V., M.F.M., M.D.M., R.S., P.V.E.), National Council of Scientific Research, Buenos Aires, 1428 ADN Argentina; Departamento de Anatomía Patológica (Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus) (V.P., S.M., P.G., J.C.R.), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, 8330024 Chile; Departamento de Anatomía Patológica (J.C.R.), Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, 8330024 Chile; and Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (J.C.R.), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, 8330024 Chile
| | - María Florencia Mercogliano
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (C.J.P., F.I., M.C.D.F., R.C.R., L.V., M.F.M., M.D.M., R.S., P.V.E.), National Council of Scientific Research, Buenos Aires, 1428 ADN Argentina; Departamento de Anatomía Patológica (Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus) (V.P., S.M., P.G., J.C.R.), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, 8330024 Chile; Departamento de Anatomía Patológica (J.C.R.), Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, 8330024 Chile; and Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (J.C.R.), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, 8330024 Chile
| | - Mara De Martino
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (C.J.P., F.I., M.C.D.F., R.C.R., L.V., M.F.M., M.D.M., R.S., P.V.E.), National Council of Scientific Research, Buenos Aires, 1428 ADN Argentina; Departamento de Anatomía Patológica (Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus) (V.P., S.M., P.G., J.C.R.), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, 8330024 Chile; Departamento de Anatomía Patológica (J.C.R.), Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, 8330024 Chile; and Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (J.C.R.), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, 8330024 Chile
| | - Viviana Pineda
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (C.J.P., F.I., M.C.D.F., R.C.R., L.V., M.F.M., M.D.M., R.S., P.V.E.), National Council of Scientific Research, Buenos Aires, 1428 ADN Argentina; Departamento de Anatomía Patológica (Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus) (V.P., S.M., P.G., J.C.R.), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, 8330024 Chile; Departamento de Anatomía Patológica (J.C.R.), Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, 8330024 Chile; and Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (J.C.R.), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, 8330024 Chile
| | - Sergio Muñoz
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (C.J.P., F.I., M.C.D.F., R.C.R., L.V., M.F.M., M.D.M., R.S., P.V.E.), National Council of Scientific Research, Buenos Aires, 1428 ADN Argentina; Departamento de Anatomía Patológica (Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus) (V.P., S.M., P.G., J.C.R.), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, 8330024 Chile; Departamento de Anatomía Patológica (J.C.R.), Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, 8330024 Chile; and Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (J.C.R.), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, 8330024 Chile
| | - Pablo Guzmán
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (C.J.P., F.I., M.C.D.F., R.C.R., L.V., M.F.M., M.D.M., R.S., P.V.E.), National Council of Scientific Research, Buenos Aires, 1428 ADN Argentina; Departamento de Anatomía Patológica (Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus) (V.P., S.M., P.G., J.C.R.), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, 8330024 Chile; Departamento de Anatomía Patológica (J.C.R.), Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, 8330024 Chile; and Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (J.C.R.), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, 8330024 Chile
| | - Juan C Roa
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (C.J.P., F.I., M.C.D.F., R.C.R., L.V., M.F.M., M.D.M., R.S., P.V.E.), National Council of Scientific Research, Buenos Aires, 1428 ADN Argentina; Departamento de Anatomía Patológica (Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus) (V.P., S.M., P.G., J.C.R.), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, 8330024 Chile; Departamento de Anatomía Patológica (J.C.R.), Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, 8330024 Chile; and Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (J.C.R.), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, 8330024 Chile
| | - Roxana Schillaci
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (C.J.P., F.I., M.C.D.F., R.C.R., L.V., M.F.M., M.D.M., R.S., P.V.E.), National Council of Scientific Research, Buenos Aires, 1428 ADN Argentina; Departamento de Anatomía Patológica (Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus) (V.P., S.M., P.G., J.C.R.), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, 8330024 Chile; Departamento de Anatomía Patológica (J.C.R.), Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, 8330024 Chile; and Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (J.C.R.), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, 8330024 Chile
| | - Patricia V Elizalde
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (C.J.P., F.I., M.C.D.F., R.C.R., L.V., M.F.M., M.D.M., R.S., P.V.E.), National Council of Scientific Research, Buenos Aires, 1428 ADN Argentina; Departamento de Anatomía Patológica (Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus) (V.P., S.M., P.G., J.C.R.), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, 8330024 Chile; Departamento de Anatomía Patológica (J.C.R.), Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, 8330024 Chile; and Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (J.C.R.), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, 8330024 Chile
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Fortress AM, Heisler JD, Frick KM. The mTOR and canonical Wnt signaling pathways mediate the mnemonic effects of progesterone in the dorsal hippocampus. Hippocampus 2014; 25:616-29. [DOI: 10.1002/hipo.22398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ashley M. Fortress
- Department of Psychology; University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee; Milwaukee Wisconsin
| | - John D. Heisler
- Department of Psychology; University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee; Milwaukee Wisconsin
| | - Karyn M. Frick
- Department of Psychology; University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee; Milwaukee Wisconsin
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Izzo F, Mercogliano F, Venturutti L, Tkach M, Inurrigarro G, Schillaci R, Cerchietti L, Elizalde PV, Proietti CJ. Progesterone receptor activation downregulates GATA3 by transcriptional repression and increased protein turnover promoting breast tumor growth. Breast Cancer Res 2014; 16:491. [PMID: 25479686 PMCID: PMC4303201 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-014-0491-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The transcription factor GATA3 is involved in mammary gland development and is crucial for the maintenance of the differentiated status of luminal epithelial cells. The role of GATA3 in breast cancer as a tumor suppressor has been established, although insights into the mechanism of GATA3 expression loss are still required. Methods Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays were conducted to study progestin modulation of recruitment of transcription factors to GATA3 promoter. We performed western blot and reverse RT-qPCR experiments to explore progestin regulation of GATA3 protein and mRNA expression respectively. Confocal microscopy and in vitro phosphorylation studies were conducted to examine progestin capacity to induce GATA3 serine phosphorylation in its 308 residue. GATA3 participation in progestin-induced breast cancer growth was addressed in in vitro proliferation and in vivo tumor growth experiments. Results In this study, we demonstrate that progestin-activated progesterone receptor (PR) reduces GATA3 expression through regulation at the transcriptional and post-translational levels in breast cancer cells. In the former mechanism, the histone methyltransferase enhancer of zeste homolog 2 is co-recruited with activated PR to a putative progesterone response element in the GATA3 proximal promoter, increasing H3K27me3 levels and inducing chromatin compaction, resulting in decreased GATA3 mRNA levels. This transcriptional regulation is coupled with increased GATA3 protein turnover through progestin-induced GATA3 phosphorylation at serine 308 followed by 26S proteasome-mediated degradation. Both molecular mechanisms converge to accomplish decreased GATA3 expression levels in breast cancer cells upon PR activation. In addition, we demonstrated that decreased GATA3 levels are required for progestin-induced upregulation of cyclin A2, which mediates the G1 to S phase transition of the cell cycle and was reported to be associated with poor prognosis in breast cancer. Finally, we showed that downregulation of GATA3 is required for progestin stimulation of both in vitro cell proliferation and in vivo tumor growth. Conclusions In the present study, we reveal that progestin-induced PR activation leads to loss of GATA3 expression in breast cancer cells through transcriptional and post-translational regulation. Importantly, we demonstrate that GATA3 downregulation is required for progestin-induced upregulation of cyclin A2 and for progestin-induced in vitro and in vivo breast cancer cell growth. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13058-014-0491-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franco Izzo
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires, 1428 ADN, Argentina.
| | - Florencia Mercogliano
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires, 1428 ADN, Argentina.
| | - Leandro Venturutti
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires, 1428 ADN, Argentina.
| | - Mercedes Tkach
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires, 1428 ADN, Argentina.
| | | | - Roxana Schillaci
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires, 1428 ADN, Argentina.
| | | | - Patricia V Elizalde
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires, 1428 ADN, Argentina.
| | - Cecilia J Proietti
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires, 1428 ADN, Argentina.
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Hamzeh MT, Sridhara R, Alexander LD. Cyclic stretch-induced TGF-β1 and fibronectin expression is mediated by β1-integrin through c-Src- and STAT3-dependent pathways in renal epithelial cells. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2014; 308:F425-36. [PMID: 25477471 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00589.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, including fibronectin, may contribute to the early development and progression of renal interstitial fibrosis associated with chronic renal disease. Recent studies showed that β1-integrin is associated with the development of renal fibrosis in a murine model of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). However, the molecular events responsible for β1-integrin-mediated signaling, following UUO, have yet to be determined. In this study, we investigated the mechanism by which mechanical stretch, an in vitro model for chronic obstructive nephropathy, regulates fibronectin and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) expression in cultured human proximal tubular epithelium (HK-2) cells. Mechanical stretch upregulated fibronectin and TGF-β1 expression and activated signal transducer and transcription factor 3 (STAT3) in a time-dependent manner. Stretch-induced fibronectin and TGF-β1 were suppressed by a STAT3 inhibitor, S3I-201, and by small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting human STAT3 (STAT3 siRNA). Similarly, fibronectin and TGF-β1 expression and STAT3 activation induced by mechanical stretch were suppressed by the Src family kinase inhibitor PP2 and by transfection of HK-2 cells with a dominant-negative mutant of c-Src (DN-Src), whereas PP3, an inactive analog of PP2, had no significant effect. Furthermore, mechanical stretch resulted in increased β1-integrin mRNA and protein levels in HK-2 cells. Furthermore, neutralizing antibody against β1-integrin and silencing of β1-integrin expression with siRNAs resulted in decreased c-Src and STAT3 activation and TGF-β1 and fibronectin expression evoked by mechanical stretch. This work demonstrates, for the first time, a role for β1-integrin in stretch-induced renal fibrosis through the activation of c-Src and STAT3 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona T Hamzeh
- Department of Biology, Division of Natural Sciences, University of Michigan-Dearborn, Dearborn, Michigan
| | - Rashmi Sridhara
- Midwestern University, Arizona College of Osteopathic Medicine, Department of Physiology, Glendale, Arizona; and
| | - Larry D Alexander
- Midwestern University, Arizona College of Osteopathic Medicine, Department of Physiology, Glendale, Arizona; and
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Moore NL, Edwards DP, Weigel NL. Cyclin A2 and its associated kinase activity are required for optimal induction of progesterone receptor target genes in breast cancer cells. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2014; 144 Pt B:471-82. [PMID: 25220500 PMCID: PMC4201666 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2014.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 08/09/2014] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A role for the cell cycle protein cyclin A2 in regulating progesterone receptor (PR) activity is emerging. This study investigates the role of cyclin A2 in regulating endogenous PR activity in T47D breast cancer cells by depleting cyclin A2 expression and measuring PR target genes using q-RT-PCR. Targets examined included genes induced by the PR-B isoform more strongly than PR-A (SGK1, FKBP5), a gene induced predominantly by PR-A (HEF1), genes induced via PR tethering to other transcription factors (p21, p27), a gene induced in part via extra-nuclear PR signaling mechanisms (cyclin D1) and PR-repressed genes (DST, IL1R1). Progestin induction of target genes was reduced following cyclin A2 depletion. However, cyclin A2 depletion did not diminish progestin target gene repression. Furthermore, inhibition of the associated Cdk2 kinase activity of cyclin A2 also reduced progestin induction of target genes, while Cdk2 enhanced the interaction between PR and cyclin A2. These results demonstrate that cyclin A2 and its associated kinase activity are important for progestin-induced activation of endogenous PR target genes in breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole L Moore
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Dean P Edwards
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Pathology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nancy L Weigel
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Scott Department of Urology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
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Study on mouse model of triple-negative breast cancer: association between higher parity and triple-negative breast cancer. Target Oncol 2014; 10:85-97. [DOI: 10.1007/s11523-014-0316-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Díaz Flaqué MC, Galigniana NM, Béguelin W, Vicario R, Proietti CJ, Russo RC, Rivas MA, Tkach M, Guzmán P, Roa JC, Maronna E, Pineda V, Muñoz S, Mercogliano MF, Charreau EH, Yankilevich P, Schillaci R, Elizalde PV. Progesterone receptor assembly of a transcriptional complex along with activator protein 1, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and ErbB-2 governs breast cancer growth and predicts response to endocrine therapy. Breast Cancer Res 2013; 15:R118. [PMID: 24345432 PMCID: PMC3978912 DOI: 10.1186/bcr3587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The role of the progesterone receptor (PR) in breast cancer remains a major clinical challenge. Although PR induces mammary tumor growth, its presence in breast tumors is a marker of good prognosis. We investigated coordinated PR rapid and nonclassical transcriptional effects governing breast cancer growth and endocrine therapy resistance. METHODS We used breast cancer cell lines expressing wild-type and mutant PRs, cells sensitive and resistant to endocrine therapy, a variety of molecular and cellular biology approaches, in vitro proliferation studies and preclinical models to explore PR regulation of cyclin D1 expression, tumor growth, and response to endocrine therapy. We investigated the clinical significance of activator protein 1 (AP-1) and PR interaction in a cohort of 99 PR-positive breast tumors by an immunofluorescence protocol we developed. The prognostic value of AP-1/PR nuclear colocalization in overall survival (OS) was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier method, and Cox model was used to explore said colocalization as an independent prognostic factor for OS. RESULTS We demonstrated that at the cyclin D1 promoter and through coordinated rapid and transcriptional effects, progestin induces the assembly of a transcriptional complex among AP-1, Stat3, PR, and ErbB-2 which functions as an enhanceosome to drive breast cancer growth. Our studies in a cohort of human breast tumors identified PR and AP-1 nuclear interaction as a marker of good prognosis and better OS in patients treated with tamoxifen (Tam), an anti-estrogen receptor therapy. Rationale for this finding was provided by our demonstration that Tam inhibits rapid and genomic PR effects, rendering breast cancer cells sensitive to its antiproliferative effects. CONCLUSIONS We here provided novel insight into the paradox of PR action as well as new tools to identify the subgroup of ER+/PR + patients unlikely to respond to ER-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- María C Díaz Flaqué
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires 1428, Argentina
| | - Natalia M Galigniana
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires 1428, Argentina
| | - Wendy Béguelin
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires 1428, Argentina
| | - Rocío Vicario
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires 1428, Argentina
| | - Cecilia J Proietti
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires 1428, Argentina
| | - Rosalía Cordo Russo
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires 1428, Argentina
| | - Martín A Rivas
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires 1428, Argentina
| | - Mercedes Tkach
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires 1428, Argentina
| | | | - Juan C Roa
- Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Esteban Maronna
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires 1428, Argentina
- Sanatorio Mater Dei, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | | | | | - Eduardo H Charreau
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires 1428, Argentina
| | - Patricio Yankilevich
- Instituto de Investigación en Biomedicina de Buenos Aires (IBioBA), CONICET - Partner Institute of the Max Planck Society, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Roxana Schillaci
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires 1428, Argentina
| | - Patricia V Elizalde
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires 1428, Argentina
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Obr AE, Grimm SL, Bishop KA, Pike JW, Lydon JP, Edwards DP. Progesterone receptor and Stat5 signaling cross talk through RANKL in mammary epithelial cells. Mol Endocrinol 2013; 27:1808-24. [PMID: 24014651 PMCID: PMC3805851 DOI: 10.1210/me.2013-1077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Accepted: 08/21/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Progesterone (P4) stimulates proliferation of the mammary epithelium by a mechanism that involves paracrine signaling mediated from progesterone receptor (PR)-positive to neighboring PR-negative cells. Here we used a primary mouse mammary epithelial cell (MEC) culture system to define the molecular mechanism by which P4 regulates the expression of target gene effectors of proliferation including the paracrine factor receptor and activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL). MECs from adult virgin mice grown and embedded in three-dimensional basement-membrane medium resemble mammary ducts in vivo structurally and with respect to other properties including a heterogeneous pattern of PR expression, P4 induction of RANKL and other target genes in a PR-dependent manner, and a proliferative response to progestin. RANKL was demonstrated to have multiple functional P4-responsive enhancers that bind PR in a hormone-dependent manner as detected by chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. P4 also stimulated recruitment of signal transducer and activator of transcription (Stat)5a to RANKL enhancers through an apparent tethering with PR. Analysis of primary MECs from Stat5a knockout mice revealed that P4 induction of RANKL and a broad range of other PR target genes required Stat5a, as did P4-stimulated cell proliferation. In the absence of Stat5a, PR binding was lost at selective RANKL enhancers but was retained with others, suggesting that Stat5a acts to facilitate PR DNA binding at selective sites and to function as a coactivator with DNA-bound PR at others. These results show that RANKL is a direct PR target gene and that Stat5a has a novel role as a cofactor in PR-mediated transcriptional signaling in the mammary gland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison E Obr
- PhD, Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, BCM Box 130, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas 77030.
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Lain AR, Creighton CJ, Conneely OM. Research resource: progesterone receptor targetome underlying mammary gland branching morphogenesis. Mol Endocrinol 2013; 27:1743-61. [PMID: 23979845 DOI: 10.1210/me.2013-1144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Progesterone (P4)-activated progesterone receptors (PRs) play an essential role in driving pregnancy-associated mammary ductal side-branching morphogenesis and alveologenesis. However, the global cistromic and transcriptome responses that are required to elicit P4-dependent branching morphogenesis have not been elucidated. By combining chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by deep sequencing to identify genome-wide PR-binding sites in PR-positive luminal epithelial cells with global gene expression signatures acutely regulated by PRs in the mammary gland, we have identified a mammary epithelial PR targetome associated with active P4-dependent branching morphogenesis in vivo. We demonstrate that P4-induced side-branching is initiated by epithelial cell rearrangement into a multilayered epithelium that sprouts laterally from quiescent ducts via a mechanism requiring P4-dependent activation of Rac-GTPase signaling. We identify effectors of Rac-GTPases as direct transcriptional targets of PRs, and we demonstrate that disruption of the P4-activated Rac-GTPase signaling axis is sufficient to eliminate P4-dependent side-branching. Our data reveal that the molecular mediators of P4-dependent ductal side-branching overlap with those implicated in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashlee R Lain
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas 77030.
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Wei Q, Zhu G, Cui X, Kang L, Cao D, Jiang Y. Expression of CCT6A mRNA in chicken granulosa cells is regulated by progesterone. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2013; 189:15-23. [PMID: 23644154 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2013.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2012] [Revised: 04/09/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
CCT6A, the zeta subunit of the chaperonin containing TCP1 complex, is the only cytosolic chaperonin in eukaryotes and is estimated to assist in the folding of multiple proteins including actin, tubulin, cyclin E, myosin, transducin and the Von Hippel Lindau tumor suppressor. In this study, we examined the expression of CCT6A and progesterone receptor (PGR) mRNA in various tissues of chickens and the regulation of CCT6A and PGR mRNA in ovarian granulosa cells. Northern blot analysis revealed that CCT6A had one transcript and was highly expressed in the ovary tissues from chickens at both the sexually immature and mature stages. CCT6A mRNA expression was increased maximally from pre-hierarchy follicles to F5 follicles and subsequently declined in pre-ovulatory and post-ovulatory follicles. The expression of PGR mRNA exhibited the similar pattern to CCT6A. In granulosa cells isolated from pre-ovulatory follicles, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) inhibited the expression of CCT6A mRNA, whereas progesterone activated CCT6A and suppressed PGR expression in a time-dependent manner. We further investigated the regulation of CCT6A transcription by progesterone by constructing various progressive deletions and mutants and identified the core promoter element of CCT6A and the binding region of progesterone, which is located from -2056 to -2051. Taken together, our results indicate that CCT6A likely plays an important role in follicle growth, and in granulosa cells, progesterone activates CCT6A transcription via a progesterone response element (PRE) located in the distal promoter of CCT6A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Wei
- Laboratory of Animal Molecular Genetics, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
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Wang JQ, Huang Y. Role of the JAK-STAT signal pathway in the development and progression of liver cancer. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2013; 21:2051-2056. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v21.i21.2051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary liver cancer is a kind of malignant tumor that occurs in liver cells and bile duct epithelial cells. There is a great difference in the incidence of liver cancer among different countries and regions. In China, liver cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors and has the third highest mortality rate. About 110 thousand people die of liver cancer in China each year, accounting for 45% of worldwide deaths caused by liver cancer. The research on the biological behavior of liver cancer has been widely carried out, and the relationship between the janus kinase-signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK-STAT) signal pathway, which is activated in many types of human malignant tumors and involved in the occurrence and development of tumors, and liver cancer has attracted wide attention. In this paper we will discuss the relationship between the JAK-STAT signal pathway and biological behavior of liver cancer.
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Diaz Flaqué MC, Vicario R, Proietti CJ, Izzo F, Schillaci R, Elizalde PV. Progestin drives breast cancer growth by inducing p21(CIP1) expression through the assembly of a transcriptional complex among Stat3, progesterone receptor and ErbB-2. Steroids 2013. [PMID: 23178160 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2012.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Cell cycle regulator p21(CIP1) has controversial biological effects in breast cancer since in spite of its role as cell cycle inhibitor and promoter of cellular senescence, it also induces cell proliferation and chemoteraphy resistance. We here explored the molecular mechanisms involved in progestin regulation of p21(CIP1) expression. We also investigated the biological effects of p21(CIP1) in breast cancer cells. We found that the synthetic progestin medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) upregulates p21(CIP1) protein expression via c-Src, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) and ErbB-2 phosphorylation. Notably, we also found that ErbB-2 nuclear function plays a key role in MPA-induction of p21(CIP1) expression. Interestingly, we determined that progestin drives p21(CIP1) transcriptional activation via a novel nonclassical transcriptional mechanism in which progesterone receptor is recruited along with Stat3 and ErbB-2 to a Stat3 binding site at p21(CIP1) promoter. Our findings revealed that ErbB-2 functions as a coactivator of Stat3 in progestin induction of p21(CIP1) transcriptional activation. Furthermore, we demonstrated that blockage of p21(CIP1) expression strongly inhibited in vitro and in vivo progestin-induced breast cancer cell proliferation. These results further support the hypothesis that according to cell context and type of stimulus, p21(CIP1) is capable of inducing cell cycle progression. Moreover, we provided evidence that Stat3 and nuclear ErbB-2 are key players in progestin-induced p21(CIP1) regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- María C Diaz Flaqué
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires C1428ADN, Argentina
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Gupta N, Mayer D. Interaction of JAK with steroid receptor function. JAKSTAT 2013; 2:e24911. [PMID: 24416641 PMCID: PMC3881601 DOI: 10.4161/jkst.24911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2013] [Revised: 05/02/2013] [Accepted: 05/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The function of steroid receptors is not only regulated by steroid hormones, but also by multiple cellular signaling cascades activated by membrane-bound receptors which are stimulated by growth factors or cytokines. Cross-talk between JAK and steroid receptors plays a central role in the regulation of a multitude of physiological processes and aberrant signaling is involved in the development of numerous diseases including cancer. In this review we provide a brief summary of the knowledge of interactions between JAK and the function of steroid receptors in normal cells and tissues and in diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nibedita Gupta
- Hematology and Oncology; University Hospital Magdeburg; Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Doris Mayer
- Hormones and Signal Transduction Group; German Cancer Research Center; Heidelberg, Germany
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Li C, Wang Z, Liu Y, Wang P, Zhang R. STAT3 expression correlates with prognosis of thymic epithelial tumors. J Cardiothorac Surg 2013; 8:92. [PMID: 23590999 PMCID: PMC3642012 DOI: 10.1186/1749-8090-8-92] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2012] [Accepted: 04/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND More and more evidences demonstrate the significance of Signal transducers and activators of transcription 3(STAT3) in oncogenesis and tumor development. However, little systematic researches have been reported on the correlation between STAT3 and thymic epithelial tumor (TET). METHODS Expression of STAT3 protein in 80 thymic epithelial tumors was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC). The difference of STAT3 expression was compared by the χ(2) test. Estimation of survival was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and the statistical differences were analyzed using the Log-rank test. RESULTS Positive expression of STAT3 protein was significantly associated with Masaoka staging and WHO histological classification (P<0.05), but not with age, gender, or tumor size. The rate of postoperative recurrence/metastasis was 33.33% in STAT3-positive tumors, compared with 4.55% in negative ones (P<0.05). 5-year survival was significantly lower in STAT3-positive subjects (61.11%) than in negative ones (97.73%) (P<0.01); In patients in Masaoka stage III or IV and WHO B3 or C, 5-year survival rate of subjects positive in STAT3 (35.00%, 35.00%) was statistically lower than that of the negative ones (92.31%, 91.67%). Cox regression analysis revealed that positive expression of STAT3 protein was an independent prognostic factor of thymic epithelial tumors (HR=9.325, P=0.044). CONCLUSION Positive expression of STAT3 protein increases along with the rising malignant degree of thymic epithelial tumors. It may be considered as an independent prognostic parameter with good prognostic value to evaluate the possibility of recurrence/metastasis in patients with thymic epithelial tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, P,R, China
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Tkach M, Rosemblit C, Rivas MA, Proietti CJ, Díaz Flaqué MC, Mercogliano MF, Beguelin W, Maronna E, Guzmán P, Gercovich FG, Deza EG, Elizalde PV, Schillaci R. p42/p44 MAPK-mediated Stat3Ser727 phosphorylation is required for progestin-induced full activation of Stat3 and breast cancer growth. Endocr Relat Cancer 2013; 20:197-212. [PMID: 23329648 DOI: 10.1530/erc-12-0194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Stat3 is a signaling node for multiple oncogenic pathways and is therefore frequently active in breast cancer. As experimental and clinical evidence reveals that progestins are key players in controlling mammary gland tumorigenesis, we studied Stat3 participation in this event. We have previously shown that progestins induce Stat3Tyr705 phosphorylation and its transcriptional activation in breast cancer cells. In this study, we demonstrate that progestins also induce Stat3 phosphorylation at Ser727 residue, which occurs via activation of c-Src/p42/p44 MAPK pathways in murine progestin-dependent C4HD cells and in T-47D cells. Expression of a Stat3S727A vector, which carries a serine-to-alanine substitution at codon 727, shows that Stat3Ser727 phosphorylation is required for full transcriptional activation of cyclin D1 gene expression by progestins and for in vivo Stat3 recruitment on cyclin D1 promoter. Transfection of Stat3S727A in murine and human breast cancer cells abolished progestin-induced in vitro and in vivo growth. Moreover, we found a positive correlation between progesterone receptor expression and nuclear localization of Stat3Ser727 phosphorylation in breast cancer biopsies. These data highlight Stat3 phosphorylation in Ser727 residue as a nongenomic action by progestins, necessary to promote breast cancer growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Tkach
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires C1428ADN, Argentina
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Stanczyk FZ, Hapgood JP, Winer S, Mishell DR. Progestogens used in postmenopausal hormone therapy: differences in their pharmacological properties, intracellular actions, and clinical effects. Endocr Rev 2013; 34:171-208. [PMID: 23238854 PMCID: PMC3610676 DOI: 10.1210/er.2012-1008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 280] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The safety of progestogens as a class has come under increased scrutiny after the publication of data from the Women's Health Initiative trial, particularly with respect to breast cancer and cardiovascular disease risk, despite the fact that only one progestogen, medroxyprogesterone acetate, was used in this study. Inconsistency in nomenclature has also caused confusion between synthetic progestogens, defined here by the term progestin, and natural progesterone. Although all progestogens by definition have progestational activity, they also have a divergent range of other properties that can translate to very different clinical effects. Endometrial protection is the primary reason for prescribing a progestogen concomitantly with postmenopausal estrogen therapy in women with a uterus, but several progestogens are known to have a range of other potentially beneficial effects, for example on the nervous and cardiovascular systems. Because women remain suspicious of the progestogen component of postmenopausal hormone therapy in the light of the Women's Health Initiative trial, practitioners should not ignore the potential benefits to their patients of some progestogens by considering them to be a single pharmacological class. There is a lack of understanding of the differences between progestins and progesterone and between individual progestins differing in their effects on the cardiovascular and nervous systems, the breast, and bone. This review elucidates the differences between the substantial number of individual progestogens employed in postmenopausal hormone therapy, including both progestins and progesterone. We conclude that these differences in chemical structure, metabolism, pharmacokinetics, affinity, potency, and efficacy via steroid receptors, intracellular action, and biological and clinical effects confirm the absence of a class effect of progestogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Z Stanczyk
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Livingston Research Building, 1321 North Mission Road, Room 201, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA.
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Bellance C, Khan JA, Meduri G, Guiochon-Mantel A, Lombès M, Loosfelt H. Progesterone receptor isoforms PRA and PRB differentially contribute to breast cancer cell migration through interaction with focal adhesion kinase complexes. Mol Biol Cell 2013; 24:1363-74. [PMID: 23485561 PMCID: PMC3639048 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e12-11-0807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Conditionally expressed progesterone receptor isoforms PRA and PRB enhance breast cancer cell migration through interaction with focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and differential regulation of FAK phosphorylation and turnover. PRB-stimulated migration is reduced by progestins, which is prevented by PR antagonists or agonist-bound PRA. Progesterone receptor (PR) and progestins affect mammary tumorigenesis; however, the relative contributions of PR isoforms A and B (PRA and PRB, respectively) in cancer cell migration remains elusive. By using a bi-inducible MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line expressing PRA and/or PRB, we analyzed the effect of conditional PR isoform expression. Surprisingly, unliganded PRB but not PRA strongly enhanced cell migration as compared with PR(–) cells. 17,21-Dimethyl-19-norpregna-4,9-dien-3,20-dione (R5020) progestin limited this effect and was counteracted by the antagonist 11β-(4-dimethylamino)phenyl-17β-hydroxy-17-(1-propynyl)estra-4,9-dien-3-one (RU486). Of importance, PRA coexpression potentiated PRB-mediated migration, whereas PRA alone was ineffective. PR isoforms differentially regulated expressions of major players of cell migration, such as urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA), its inhibitor plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1, uPA receptor (uPAR), and β1-integrin, which affect focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling. Moreover, unliganded PRB but not PRA enhanced FAK Tyr397 phosphorylation and colocalized with activated FAK in cell protrusions. Because PRB, as well as PRA, coimmunoprecipitated with FAK, both isoforms can interact with FAK complexes, depending on their respective nucleocytoplasmic trafficking. In addition, FAK degradation was coupled to R5020-dependent turnovers of PRA and PRB. Such an effect of PRB/PRA expression on FAK signaling might thus affect adhesion/motility, underscoring the implication of PR isoforms in breast cancer invasiveness and metastatic evolution with underlying therapeutic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Bellance
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité 693, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre F-94276, France
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Progesterone and related compounds in hepatocellular carcinoma: basic and clinical aspects. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:290575. [PMID: 23484104 PMCID: PMC3581253 DOI: 10.1155/2013/290575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2012] [Revised: 12/20/2012] [Accepted: 12/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Primary liver cancer is the fifth most common cancer worldwide and the third most common cause of cancer mortality. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for 85% to 90% of primary liver cancers. Major risk factors for HCC include infection with HBV or HCV, alcoholic liver disease, and most probably nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. In general, men are two to four times more often associated with HCC than women. It can be suggested that sex hormones including progesterone may play some roles in HCC. Rather, very limited information discusses its potential involvement in HCC. This paper thus collects some recent studies of the potential involvement of progesterone and related compounds in HCC from basic and clinical aspects. In addition, two synthetic progestins, megestrol acetate (MA) and medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA), will be discussed thoroughly. It is noted that progesterone can also serve as the precursor for androgens and estrogens produced by the gonadal and adrenal cortical tissues, while men have a higher incidence of HCC than women might be due to the stimulatory effects of androgen and the protective effects of estrogen. Eventually, this paper suggests a new insight on the associations of progesterone and related compounds with HCC development and treatment.
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Progesterone receptor variants associated with the PROGINS haplotype exhibit functional properties similar to those of wild-type progesterone receptor. Pharmacogenet Genomics 2012; 22:629-41. [DOI: 10.1097/fpc.0b013e3283558256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Tkach M, Coria L, Rosemblit C, Rivas MA, Proietti CJ, Díaz Flaqué MC, Beguelin W, Frahm I, Charreau EH, Cassataro J, Elizalde PV, Schillaci R. Targeting Stat3 Induces Senescence in Tumor Cells and Elicits Prophylactic and Therapeutic Immune Responses against Breast Cancer Growth Mediated by NK Cells and CD4+ T Cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2012; 189:1162-72. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1102538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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50
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Obr A, Edwards DP. The biology of progesterone receptor in the normal mammary gland and in breast cancer. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2012; 357:4-17. [PMID: 22193050 PMCID: PMC3318965 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2011.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2011] [Revised: 09/23/2011] [Accepted: 10/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This paper reviews work on progesterone and the progesterone receptor (PR) in the mouse mammary gland that has been used extensively as an experimental model. Studies have led to the concept that progesterone controls proliferation and morphogenesis of the luminal epithelium in a tightly orchestrated manner at distinct stages of development by paracrine signaling pathways, including receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL) as a major paracrine factor. Progesterone also drives expansion of stem cells by paracrine signals to generate progenitors required for alveologenesis. During mid-to-late pregnancy, progesterone has another role to suppress secretory activation until parturition mediated in part by crosstalk between PR and prolactin/Stat5 signaling to inhibit induction of milk protein gene expression, and by inhibiting tight junction closure. In models of hormone-dependent mouse mammary tumors, the progesterone/PR signaling axis enhances pre-neoplastic progression by a switch from a paracrine to an autocrine mode of proliferation and dysregulation of the RANKL signaling pathway. Limited experiments with normal human breast show that progesterone/PR signaling also stimulates epithelial cell proliferation by a paracrine mechanism; however, the signaling pathways and whether RANKL is a major mediator remains unknown. Work with human breast cancer cell lines, patient tumor samples and clinical studies indicates that progesterone is a risk factor for breast cancer and that alteration in progesterone/PR signaling pathways contributes to early stage human breast cancer progression. However, loss of PR expression in primary tumors is associated with a less differentiated more invasive phenotype and worse prognosis, suggesting that PR may limit later stages of tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Obr
- Departments of Molecular & Cellular Biology and Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Dean P. Edwards
- Departments of Molecular & Cellular Biology and Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
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