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Xuan H, Xu L, Li K, Xuan F, Xu T, Wen H, Shi X. Hotspot Cancer Mutation Impairs KAT8-mediated Nucleosomal Histone Acetylation. J Mol Biol 2024; 436:168413. [PMID: 38135180 PMCID: PMC10957314 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2023.168413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
KAT8 is an evolutionarily conserved lysine acetyltransferase that catalyzes histone acetylation at H4K16 or H4K5 and H4K8 through distinct protein complexes. It plays a pivotal role in male X chromosome dosage compensation in Drosophila and is implicated in the regulation of diverse cellular processes in mammals. Mutations and dysregulation of KAT8 have been reported in human neurodevelopmental disorders and various cancers. However, the precise mechanisms by which these mutations disrupt KAT8's normal function, leading to disease pathogenesis, remain largely unknown. In this study, we focus on a hotspot missense cancer mutation, the R98W point mutation within the Tudor-knot domain. Our study reveals that the R98W mutation leads to a reduction in global H4K16ac levels in cells and downregulates the expression of target genes. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that R98 is essential for KAT8-mediated acetylation of nucleosomal histones by modulating substrate accessibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwen Xuan
- Department of Epigenetics, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Longxia Xu
- Department of Epigenetics, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Kuai Li
- Department of Epigenetics, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Fan Xuan
- Department of Epigenetics, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Tinghai Xu
- Department of Epigenetics, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Hong Wen
- Department of Epigenetics, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Xiaobing Shi
- Department of Epigenetics, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA.
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2
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Wu X, Wang S, Guo Y, Song S, Zeng S. KAT8 functions in redox homeostasis and mitochondrial dynamics during mouse oocyte meiosis progression. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23435. [PMID: 38243686 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301946r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
As a histone acetyltransferase, lysine acetyltransferase 8 (KAT8) participates in diverse biological processes. However, the effect of KAT8 on oocyte maturation in mice remains unclear. In this study, we found that mouse oocytes overexpressing Kat8-OE induced maturation failure manifested reduced rates of GVBD and first polar body emission. In addition, immunostaining results revealed that Kat8 overexpressing oocytes showed inappropriate mitochondrial distribution patterns, overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), accumulation of phosphorylated γH2AX, hyperacetylation of α-tubulin, and severely disrupted spindle/chromosome organization. Moreover, we revealed that Kat8 overexpression induced a decline in SOD1 proteins and KAT8's interaction with SOD1 in mouse ovaries via immunoprecipitation. Western blotting data confirmed that Kat8-OE induced downregulation of SOD1 expression, which is a key factor for the decline of oocyte quality in advanced maternal age. Also, the injection of Myc-Sod1 cRNA could partially rescue maternal age-induced meiotic defects in oocytes. In conclusion, our data demonstrated that high level of KAT8 inhibited SOD1 activity, which in turn induced defects of mitochondrial dynamics, imbalance of redox homeostasis, and spindle/chromosome disorganization during mouse oocyte maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shiwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yajun Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shenming Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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3
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Zhao J, Huai J. Role of primary aging hallmarks in Alzheimer´s disease. Theranostics 2023; 13:197-230. [PMID: 36593969 PMCID: PMC9800733 DOI: 10.7150/thno.79535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease, which severely threatens the health of the elderly and causes significant economic and social burdens. The causes of AD are complex and include heritable but mostly aging-related factors. The primary aging hallmarks include genomic instability, telomere wear, epigenetic changes, and loss of protein stability, which play a dominant role in the aging process. Although AD is closely associated with the aging process, the underlying mechanisms involved in AD pathogenesis have not been well characterized. This review summarizes the available literature about primary aging hallmarks and their roles in AD pathogenesis. By analyzing published literature, we attempted to uncover the possible mechanisms of aberrant epigenetic markers with related enzymes, transcription factors, and loss of proteostasis in AD. In particular, the importance of oxidative stress-induced DNA methylation and DNA methylation-directed histone modifications and proteostasis are highlighted. A molecular network of gene regulatory elements that undergoes a dynamic change with age may underlie age-dependent AD pathogenesis, and can be used as a new drug target to treat AD.
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4
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Nie Q, Huan X, Kang J, Yin J, Zhao J, Li Y, Zhang Z. MG149 Inhibits MOF-Mediated p53 Acetylation to Attenuate X-Ray Radiation-Induced Apoptosis in H9c2 Cells. Radiat Res 2022; 198:590-598. [PMID: 36481803 DOI: 10.1667/rade-22-00049.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cardiomyocyte apoptosis is involved in the pathogenesis of radiation-induced heart disease, but the underlying epigenetic mechanism remains elusive. We evaluated the potential mediating role of males absent on the first (MOF) in the association between epigenetic activation of p53 lysine 120 (p53K120) and X-ray radiation-induced apoptosis in H9c2 cells. H9c2 cells were pretreated for 24 h with the MOF inhibitor MG149 after 4 Gy irradiation, followed by assessment of cell proliferation, injury, and apoptosis. MOF expression was upregulated by X-ray radiation. MG149 suppressed the proliferation inhibition, reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential, ROS production, and cell apoptosis. MG149 may promote the survival of H9c2 cells via inhibition of MOF-mediated p53K120 acetylation in response to X-ray radiation-induced apoptosis. Our data indicates a MOF-associated epigenetic mechanism in H9c2 cells that promotes attenuation of X-ray radiation-induced injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianwen Nie
- Lanzhou University Second College of Clinical Medicine, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730030, China.,Department of General Medicine, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, No.82 Cui Ying Men, Cheng Guan District, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Xuan Huan
- Lanzhou University Second College of Clinical Medicine, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730030, China.,Department of General Medicine, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, No.82 Cui Ying Men, Cheng Guan District, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Jing Kang
- Lanzhou University Second College of Clinical Medicine, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730030, China.,Department of General Medicine, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, No.82 Cui Ying Men, Cheng Guan District, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Jiangyan Yin
- Lanzhou University Second College of Clinical Medicine, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730030, China.,Department of General Medicine, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, No.82 Cui Ying Men, Cheng Guan District, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Jiahui Zhao
- Lanzhou University Second College of Clinical Medicine, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Yi Li
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - ZhengYi Zhang
- Lanzhou University Second College of Clinical Medicine, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730030, China.,Department of General Medicine, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, No.82 Cui Ying Men, Cheng Guan District, Lanzhou 730030, China
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5
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Aricthota S, Rana PP, Haldar D. Histone acetylation dynamics in repair of DNA double-strand breaks. Front Genet 2022; 13:926577. [PMID: 36159966 PMCID: PMC9503837 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.926577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Packaging of eukaryotic genome into chromatin is a major obstacle to cells encountering DNA damage caused by external or internal agents. For maintaining genomic integrity, the double-strand breaks (DSB) must be efficiently repaired, as these are the most deleterious type of DNA damage. The DNA breaks have to be detected in chromatin context, the DNA damage response (DDR) pathways have to be activated to repair breaks either by non‐ homologous end joining and homologous recombination repair. It is becoming clearer now that chromatin is not a mere hindrance to DDR, it plays active role in sensing, detection and repair of DNA damage. The repair of DSB is governed by the reorganization of the pre-existing chromatin, leading to recruitment of specific machineries, chromatin remodelling complexes, histone modifiers to bring about dynamic alterations in histone composition, nucleosome positioning, histone modifications. In response to DNA break, modulation of chromatin occurs via various mechanisms including post-translational modification of histones. DNA breaks induce many types of histone modifications, such as phosphorylation, acetylation, methylation and ubiquitylation on specific histone residues which are signal and context dependent. DNA break induced histone modifications have been reported to function in sensing the breaks, activating processing of breaks by specific pathways, and repairing damaged DNA to ensure integrity of the genome. Favourable environment for DSB repair is created by generating open and relaxed chromatin structure. Histone acetylation mediate de-condensation of chromatin and recruitment of DSB repair proteins to their site of action at the DSB to facilitate repair. In this review, we will discuss the current understanding on the critical role of histone acetylation in inducing changes both in chromatin organization and promoting recruitment of DSB repair proteins to sites of DNA damage. It consists of an overview of function and regulation of the deacetylase enzymes which remove these marks and the function of histone acetylation and regulators of acetylation in genome surveillance.
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6
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Chakraborty S, Singh M, Pandita RK, Singh V, Lo CS, Leonard F, Horikoshi N, Moros EG, Guha D, Hunt CR, Chau E, Ahmed KM, Sethi P, Charaka V, Godin B, Makhijani K, Scherthan H, Deck J, Hausmann M, Mushtaq A, Altaf M, Ramos KS, Bhat KM, Taneja N, Das C, Pandita TK. Heat-induced SIRT1-mediated H4K16ac deacetylation impairs resection and SMARCAD1 recruitment to double strand breaks. iScience 2022; 25:104142. [PMID: 35434547 PMCID: PMC9010620 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperthermia inhibits DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair that utilizes homologous recombination (HR) pathway by a poorly defined mechanism(s); however, the mechanisms for this inhibition remain unclear. Here we report that hyperthermia decreases H4K16 acetylation (H4K16ac), an epigenetic modification essential for genome stability and transcription. Heat-induced reduction in H4K16ac was detected in humans, Drosophila, and yeast, indicating that this is a highly conserved response. The examination of histone deacetylase recruitment to chromatin after heat-shock identified SIRT1 as the major deacetylase subsequently enriched at gene-rich regions. Heat-induced SIRT1 recruitment was antagonized by chromatin remodeler SMARCAD1 depletion and, like hyperthermia, the depletion of the SMARCAD1 or combination of the two impaired DNA end resection and increased replication stress. Altered repair protein recruitment was associated with heat-shock-induced γ-H2AX chromatin changes and DSB repair processing. These results support a novel mechanism whereby hyperthermia impacts chromatin organization owing to H4K16ac deacetylation, negatively affecting the HR-dependent DSB repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharmistha Chakraborty
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Centre, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Mayank Singh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Centre, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Raj K. Pandita
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Centre, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, Washington University, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Vipin Singh
- Biophysics & Structural Genomics Division Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata, West Bengal 700064, India
- Homi Bhaba National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Calvin S.C. Lo
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3000 Rotterdam, CA, the Netherlands
| | - Fransisca Leonard
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Nobuo Horikoshi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Centre, Dallas, TX, USA
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, Washington University, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Eduardo G. Moros
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, Washington University, St Louis, MO, USA
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Deblina Guha
- Biophysics & Structural Genomics Division Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata, West Bengal 700064, India
| | - Clayton R. Hunt
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Centre, Dallas, TX, USA
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, Washington University, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Eric Chau
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kazi M. Ahmed
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Prayas Sethi
- Department of Medical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Vijaya Charaka
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Biana Godin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kalpana Makhijani
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Harry Scherthan
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology Affiliated to the University of Ulm, Neuherbergstr. 11, 80937 Munich, Germany
| | - Jeanette Deck
- Kirchhoff-Institute for Physics, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 227, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Hausmann
- Kirchhoff-Institute for Physics, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 227, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Arjamand Mushtaq
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 190006, India
| | - Mohammad Altaf
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 190006, India
| | - Kenneth S. Ramos
- Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine, Texas A&M College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Krishna M. Bhat
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Nitika Taneja
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3000 Rotterdam, CA, the Netherlands
| | - Chandrima Das
- Biophysics & Structural Genomics Division Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata, West Bengal 700064, India
- Homi Bhaba National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Tej K. Pandita
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Centre, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, Washington University, St Louis, MO, USA
- Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine, Texas A&M College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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7
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Pun FW, Leung GHD, Leung HW, Liu BHM, Long X, Ozerov IV, Wang J, Ren F, Aliper A, Izumchenko E, Moskalev A, de Magalhães JP, Zhavoronkov A. Hallmarks of aging-based dual-purpose disease and age-associated targets predicted using PandaOmics AI-powered discovery engine. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:2475-2506. [PMID: 35347083 PMCID: PMC9004567 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Aging biology is a promising and burgeoning research area that can yield dual-purpose pathways and protein targets that may impact multiple diseases, while retarding or possibly even reversing age-associated processes. One widely used approach to classify a multiplicity of mechanisms driving the aging process is the hallmarks of aging. In addition to the classic nine hallmarks of aging, processes such as extracellular matrix stiffness, chronic inflammation and activation of retrotransposons are also often considered, given their strong association with aging. In this study, we used a variety of target identification and prioritization techniques offered by the AI-powered PandaOmics platform, to propose a list of promising novel aging-associated targets that may be used for drug discovery. We also propose a list of more classical targets that may be used for drug repurposing within each hallmark of aging. Most of the top targets generated by this comprehensive analysis play a role in inflammation and extracellular matrix stiffness, highlighting the relevance of these processes as therapeutic targets in aging and age-related diseases. Overall, our study reveals both high confidence and novel targets associated with multiple hallmarks of aging and demonstrates application of the PandaOmics platform to target discovery across multiple disease areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank W. Pun
- Insilico Medicine Hong Kong Ltd., Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Geoffrey Ho Duen Leung
- Insilico Medicine Hong Kong Ltd., Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hoi Wing Leung
- Insilico Medicine Hong Kong Ltd., Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bonnie Hei Man Liu
- Insilico Medicine Hong Kong Ltd., Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xi Long
- Insilico Medicine Hong Kong Ltd., Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ivan V. Ozerov
- Insilico Medicine Hong Kong Ltd., Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ju Wang
- Insilico Medicine Hong Kong Ltd., Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Feng Ren
- Insilico Medicine Hong Kong Ltd., Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Alexander Aliper
- Insilico Medicine Hong Kong Ltd., Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Evgeny Izumchenko
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology and Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Alexey Moskalev
- School of Systems Biology, George Mason University (GMU), Fairfax, VA 22030, USA
| | - João Pedro de Magalhães
- Integrative Genomics of Ageing Group, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK
| | - Alex Zhavoronkov
- Insilico Medicine Hong Kong Ltd., Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945, USA
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8
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Mondal A, Bhattacharya A, Singh V, Pandita S, Bacolla A, Pandita RK, Tainer JA, Ramos KS, Pandita TK, Das C. Stress Responses as Master Keys to Epigenomic Changes in Transcriptome and Metabolome for Cancer Etiology and Therapeutics. Mol Cell Biol 2022; 42:e0048321. [PMID: 34748401 PMCID: PMC8773053 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00483-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
From initiation through progression, cancer cells are subjected to a magnitude of endogenous and exogenous stresses, which aid in their neoplastic transformation. Exposure to these classes of stress induces imbalance in cellular homeostasis and, in response, cancer cells employ informative adaptive mechanisms to rebalance biochemical processes that facilitate survival and maintain their existence. Different kinds of stress stimuli trigger epigenetic alterations in cancer cells, which leads to changes in their transcriptome and metabolome, ultimately resulting in suppression of growth inhibition or induction of apoptosis. Whether cancer cells show a protective response to stress or succumb to cell death depends on the type of stress and duration of exposure. A thorough understanding of epigenetic and molecular architecture of cancer cell stress response pathways can unveil a plethora of information required to develop novel anticancer therapeutics. The present view highlights current knowledge about alterations in epigenome and transcriptome of cancer cells as a consequence of exposure to different physicochemical stressful stimuli such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), hypoxia, radiation, hyperthermia, genotoxic agents, and nutrient deprivation. Currently, an anticancer treatment scenario involving the imposition of stress to target cancer cells is gaining traction to augment or even replace conventional therapeutic regimens. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of stress response pathways is crucial for devising and implementing novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atanu Mondal
- Biophysics and Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata, India
- Homi Bhaba National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Apoorva Bhattacharya
- Biophysics and Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata, India
| | - Vipin Singh
- Biophysics and Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata, India
- Homi Bhaba National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Shruti Pandita
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, St. Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Albino Bacolla
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Raj K. Pandita
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - John A. Tainer
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kenneth S. Ramos
- Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine, Texas A&M College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Tej K. Pandita
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine, Texas A&M College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Chandrima Das
- Biophysics and Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata, India
- Homi Bhaba National Institute, Mumbai, India
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9
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Pandita TK, Hunt CR, Singh V, Adhikary S, Pandita S, Roy S, Ramos K, Das C. Role of the Histone Acetyl Transferase MOF and the Histone Deacetylase Sirtuins in Regulation of H4K16ac During DNA Damage Repair and Metabolic Programming: Implications in Cancer and Aging. Subcell Biochem 2022; 100:115-141. [PMID: 36301493 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-07634-3_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The accurate repair of genomic damage mediated by ionizing radiation (IR), chemo- or radiomimetic drugs, or other exogenous agents, is necessary for maintenance of genome integrity, preservation of cellular viability and prevention of oncogenic transformation. Eukaryotes have conserved mechanisms designed to perceive and repair the damaged DNA quite efficiently. Among the different types of DNA damage, double strand breaks (DSB) are the most detrimental. The cellular DNA DSB response is a hierarchical signaling network that integrates damage sensing and repair with chromatin structural changes that involve a range of pre-existing and induced covalent modifications. Recent studies have revealed that pre-existing histone modifications are important contributors within this signaling/repair network. This chapter discusses the role of a critical histone acetyl transferase (HAT) known as MOF (males absent on the first) and the histone deacetylases (HDACs) Sirtuins on histone H4K16 acetylation (H4K16ac) and DNA damage repair. We also discuss the role of this important histone modification in light of metabolic rewiring and its role in regulating human pathophysiologic states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tej K Pandita
- The Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
- Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine, Texas A&M College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Clayton R Hunt
- The Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Vipin Singh
- Biophysics and Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata, India
- Homi Bhaba National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Santanu Adhikary
- Biophysics and Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata, India
- Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Shruti Pandita
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology and Cellular Therapy, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Siddhartha Roy
- Biophysics and Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata, India
| | - Kenneth Ramos
- Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine, Texas A&M College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Chandrima Das
- Biophysics and Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata, India
- Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
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10
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Wang X, Zhao J. Targeted Cancer Therapy Based on Acetylation and Deacetylation of Key Proteins Involved in Double-Strand Break Repair. Cancer Manag Res 2022; 14:259-271. [PMID: 35115826 PMCID: PMC8800007 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s346052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) play an important role in promoting genomic instability and cell death. The precise repair of DSBs is essential for maintaining genome integrity during cancer progression, and inducing genomic instability or blocking DNA repair is an important mechanism through which chemo/radiotherapies exert killing effects on cancer cells. The two main pathways that facilitate the repair of DSBs in cancer cells are homologous recombination (HR) and non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ). Accumulating data suggest that the acetylation and deacetylation of DSB repair proteins regulate the initiation and progression of the cellular response to DNA DSBs, which may further affect the chemosensitivity or radiosensitivity of cancer cells. Here, we focus on the role of acetylation/deacetylation in the regulation of ataxia-telangiectasia mutated, Rad51, and 53BP1 in the HR pathway, as well as the relevant roles of PARP1 and Ku70 in NHEJ. Notably, several histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors targeting HR or NHEJ have been demonstrated to enhance chemo/radiosensitivity in preclinical studies. This review highlights the essential role of acetylation/deacetylation in the regulation of DSB repair proteins, suggesting that HDAC inhibitors targeting the HR or NHEJ pathways that downregulate DNA DSB repair genes may be worthwhile cancer therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiwen Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jungang Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Jungang Zhao, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86 13889311066, Email
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11
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Zhang J, Lu X, MoghaddamKohi S, Shi L, Xu X, Zhu WG. Histone lysine modifying enzymes and their critical roles in DNA double-strand break repair. DNA Repair (Amst) 2021; 107:103206. [PMID: 34411909 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2021.103206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Cells protect the integrity of the genome against DNA double-strand breaks through several well-characterized mechanisms including nonhomologous end-joining repair, homologous recombination repair, microhomology-mediated end-joining and single-strand annealing. However, aberrant DNA damage responses (DDRs) lead to genome instability and tumorigenesis. Clarification of the mechanisms underlying the DDR following lethal damage will facilitate the identification of therapeutic targets for cancer. Histones are small proteins that play a major role in condensing DNA into chromatin and regulating gene function. Histone modifications commonly occur in several residues including lysine, arginine, serine, threonine and tyrosine, which can be acetylated, methylated, ubiquitinated and phosphorylated. Of these, lysine modifications have been extensively explored during DDRs. Here, we focus on discussing the roles of lysine modifying enzymes involved in acetylation, methylation, and ubiquitination during the DDR. We provide a comprehensive understanding of the basis of potential epigenetic therapies driven by histone lysine modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xiaopeng Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Sara MoghaddamKohi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
| | - Xingzhi Xu
- Department of Cell Biology and Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Wei-Guo Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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12
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Mir US, Bhat A, Mushtaq A, Pandita S, Altaf M, Pandita TK. Role of histone acetyltransferases MOF and Tip60 in genome stability. DNA Repair (Amst) 2021; 107:103205. [PMID: 34399315 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2021.103205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The accurate repair of DNA damage specifically the chromosomal double-strand breaks (DSBs) arising from exposure to physical or chemical agents, such as ionizing radiation (IR) and radiomimetic drugs is critical in maintaining genomic integrity. The DNA DSB response and repair is facilitated by hierarchical signaling networks that orchestrate chromatin structural changes specifically histone modifications which impact cell-cycle checkpoints through enzymatic activities to repair the broken DNA ends. Various histone posttranslational modifications such as phosphorylation, acetylation, methylation and ubiquitylation have been shown to play a role in DNA damage repair. Recent studies have provided important insights into the role of histone-specific modifications in sensing DNA damage and facilitating the DNA repair. Histone modifications have been shown to determine the pathway choice for repair of DNA DSBs. This review will summarize the role of important histone acetyltransferases MOF and Tip60 mediated acetylation in repair of DNA DSBs in eukaryotic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulfat Syed Mir
- Chromatin and Epigenetics Lab, Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190006, India
| | - Audesh Bhat
- Centre for Molecular Biology, Central University of Jammu, 181143, India
| | - Arjamand Mushtaq
- Chromatin and Epigenetics Lab, Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190006, India
| | - Shruti Pandita
- Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Mohammad Altaf
- Chromatin and Epigenetics Lab, Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190006, India; Centre for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190006, India.
| | - Tej K Pandita
- Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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13
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Legoff L, Dali O, De La Mata Santaella E, Jaulin C, D'Cruz SC, Smagulova F. Histone deacetylase inhibition leads to regulatory histone mark alterations and impairs meiosis in oocytes. Epigenetics Chromatin 2021; 14:39. [PMID: 34384478 PMCID: PMC8359552 DOI: 10.1186/s13072-021-00413-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Panobinostat (PB), a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor drug, is clinically used in the treatment of cancers. We investigated the effects of PB on murine ovarian functions in embryos and adult animals. Methods C57BL/6J mice were treated with 5 mg/kg PB on alternate days from embryonic day (E) 6.5 to E15.5. We analysed the effects of PB on the ovaries by using immunofluorescence, gene expression analysis and DNA methylation analysis techniques. Results At E15.5, we observed increases in histone H3K9Ac, H4Ac and H3K4me3 marks, while the level of the silencing H3K9me3 mark decreased. Synaptonemal complex examination at E15.5, E17.5 and E18.5 showed a delay in meiotic progression characterized by the absence of synaptonemal complexes at E15.5 and the persistence of double-strand breaks (DSBs) at E17.5 and E18.5 in PB-exposed oocytes. We found that exposure to PB led to changes in the expression of 1169 transcripts at E15.5. Genes regulated by the male-specific factors SRY-Box Transcription Factor 9 (SOX9) and Doublesex and Mab-3-related Transcription factor 1 (DMRT1) were among the most upregulated genes in the ovaries of PB-exposed mice. In contrast, PB treatment led to decreases in the expression of genes regulated by the WNT4 pathway. Notably, we observed 119 deregulated genes encoding Zn-finger proteins. The observed alterations in epigenetic marks and gene expression correlated with decreases in the numbers of germ cells at E15.5. After birth, PB-exposed ovaries showed increased proliferation of primary and secondary follicles. We also observed decreases in the numbers of primordial, primary and secondary follicles in adult ovaries from mice that were exposed to PB in utero. Finally, epigenetic alterations such as decreased H3K4me3 and increased H4 acetylation levels were also detected in somatic cells surrounding fully grown oocytes. Conclusion Our data suggest that inhibition of histone deacetylase by PB during a critical developmental window affects reprogramming and germ cell specification via alteration of epigenetic marks. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13072-021-00413-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Legoff
- Univ. Rennes, EHESP, Inserm, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Ouzna Dali
- Univ. Rennes, EHESP, Inserm, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Elena De La Mata Santaella
- Univ. Rennes, EHESP, Inserm, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Christian Jaulin
- Univ. Rennes, EHESP, Inserm, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Shereen Cynthia D'Cruz
- Univ. Rennes, EHESP, Inserm, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, 35000, Rennes, France.
| | - Fatima Smagulova
- Univ. Rennes, EHESP, Inserm, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, 35000, Rennes, France.
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14
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Ray U, Raghavan SC. Understanding the DNA double-strand break repair and its therapeutic implications. DNA Repair (Amst) 2021; 106:103177. [PMID: 34325086 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2021.103177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) and its regulation are tightly integrated inside cells. Homologous recombination, nonhomologous end joining and microhomology mediated end joining are three major DSB repair pathways in mammalian cells. Targeting proteins associated with these repair pathways using small molecule inhibitors can prove effective in tumors, especially those with deregulated repair. Sensitization of cancer to current age therapy including radio and chemotherapy, using small molecule inhibitors is promising and warrant further development. Although several are under clinical trial, till date no repair inhibitor is approved for commercial use in cancer patients, with the exception of PARP inhibitors targeting single-strand break repair. Based on molecular profiling of repair proteins, better prognostic and therapeutic output can be achieved in patients. In the present review, we highlight the different mechanisms of DSB repair, chromatin dynamics to provide repair accessibility and modulation of inhibitors in association with molecular profiling and current gold standard treatment modalities for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ujjayinee Ray
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Sathees C Raghavan
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India.
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15
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Banday S, Pandita RK, Mushtaq A, Bacolla A, Mir US, Singh DK, Jan S, Bhat KP, Hunt CR, Rao G, Charaka VK, Tainer JA, Pandita TK, Altaf M. Autism-Associated Vigilin Depletion Impairs DNA Damage Repair. Mol Cell Biol 2021; 41:e0008221. [PMID: 33941620 PMCID: PMC8224237 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00082-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Vigilin (Vgl1) is essential for heterochromatin formation, chromosome segregation, and mRNA stability and is associated with autism spectrum disorders and cancer: vigilin, for example, can suppress proto-oncogene c-fms expression in breast cancer. Conserved from yeast to humans, vigilin is an RNA-binding protein with 14 tandemly arranged nonidentical hnRNP K-type homology (KH) domains. Here, we report that vigilin depletion increased cell sensitivity to cisplatin- or ionizing radiation (IR)-induced cell death and genomic instability due to defective DNA repair. Vigilin depletion delayed dephosphorylation of IR-induced γ-H2AX and elevated levels of residual 53BP1 and RIF1 foci, while reducing Rad51 and BRCA1 focus formation, DNA end resection, and double-strand break (DSB) repair. We show that vigilin interacts with the DNA damage response (DDR) proteins RAD51 and BRCA1, and vigilin depletion impairs their recruitment to DSB sites. Transient hydroxyurea (HU)-induced replicative stress in vigilin-depleted cells increased replication fork stalling and blocked restart of DNA synthesis. Furthermore, histone acetylation promoted vigilin recruitment to DSBs preferentially in the transcriptionally active genome. These findings uncover a novel vigilin role in DNA damage repair with implications for autism and cancer-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahid Banday
- Chromatin and Epigenetics Lab, Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Raj K. Pandita
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, USA
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Arjamand Mushtaq
- Chromatin and Epigenetics Lab, Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Albino Bacolla
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ulfat Syed Mir
- Chromatin and Epigenetics Lab, Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | | | - Sadaf Jan
- Chromatin and Epigenetics Lab, Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Krishna P. Bhat
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Ganesh Rao
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - John A. Tainer
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Tej K. Pandita
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, USA
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Mohammad Altaf
- Chromatin and Epigenetics Lab, Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
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16
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Monserrat J, Morales Torres C, Richardson L, Wilson TS, Patel H, Domart MC, Horswell S, Song OR, Jiang M, Crawford M, Bui M, Dalal Y, Scaffidi P. Disruption of the MSL complex inhibits tumour maintenance by exacerbating chromosomal instability. Nat Cell Biol 2021; 23:401-412. [PMID: 33837287 PMCID: PMC7610593 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-021-00657-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Rewiring of cellular programmes in malignant cells generates cancer-specific vulnerabilities. Here, using an unbiased screening strategy aimed at identifying non-essential genes required by tumour cells to sustain unlimited proliferative capacity, we identify the male-specific lethal (MSL) acetyltransferase complex as a vulnerability of genetically unstable cancers. We find that disruption of the MSL complex and consequent loss of the associated H4K16ac mark do not substantially alter transcriptional programmes but compromise chromosome integrity and promote chromosomal instability (CIN) that progressively exhausts the proliferative potential of cancer cells through a p53-independent mechanism. This effect is dependent on pre-existing genomic instability, and normal cells are insensitive to MSL disruption. Using cell- and patient-derived xenografts from multiple cancer types, we show that excessive CIN induced by MSL disruption inhibits tumour maintenance. Our findings suggest that targeting MSL may be a valuable means to increase CIN beyond the level tolerated by cancer cells without inducing severe adverse effects in normal tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josep Monserrat
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | | | | | | | - Harshil Patel
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | | | - Stuart Horswell
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Ok-Ryul Song
- High Throughput Screening, Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Ming Jiang
- High Throughput Screening, Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | | | - Minh Bui
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yamini Dalal
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Paola Scaffidi
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.
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17
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Singh M, Bacolla A, Chaudhary S, Hunt CR, Pandita S, Chauhan R, Gupta A, Tainer JA, Pandita TK. Histone Acetyltransferase MOF Orchestrates Outcomes at the Crossroad of Oncogenesis, DNA Damage Response, Proliferation, and Stem Cell Development. Mol Cell Biol 2020; 40:e00232-20. [PMID: 32661120 PMCID: PMC7459263 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00232-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The DNA and protein complex known as chromatin is subject to posttranslational modifications (PTMs) that regulate cellular functions such that PTM dysregulation can lead to disease, including cancer. One critical PTM is acetylation/deacetylation, which is being investigated as a means to develop targeted cancer therapies. The histone acetyltransferase (HAT) family of proteins performs histone acetylation. In humans, MOF (hMOF), a member of the MYST family of HATs, acetylates histone H4 at lysine 16 (H4K16ac). MOF-mediated acetylation plays a critical role in the DNA damage response (DDR) and embryonic stem cell development. Functionally, MOF is found in two distinct complexes: NSL (nonspecific lethal) in humans and MSL (male-specific lethal) in flies. The NSL complex is also able to acetylate additional histone H4 sites. Dysregulation of MOF activity occurs in multiple cancers, including ovarian cancer, medulloblastoma, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, and lung cancer. Bioinformatics analysis of KAT8, the gene encoding hMOF, indicated that it is highly overexpressed in kidney tumors as part of a concerted gene coexpression program that can support high levels of chromosome segregation and cell proliferation. The linkage between MOF and tumor proliferation suggests that there are additional functions of MOF that remain to be discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayank Singh
- Department of Medical Oncology, BRAIRCH, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Albino Bacolla
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Shilpi Chaudhary
- Department of Medical Oncology, BRAIRCH, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Clayton R Hunt
- The Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Shruti Pandita
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology and Cellular Therapy, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Ravi Chauhan
- Department of Medical Oncology, BRAIRCH, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashna Gupta
- Department of Medical Oncology, BRAIRCH, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - John A Tainer
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Tej K Pandita
- The Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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18
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Aleksandrov R, Hristova R, Stoynov S, Gospodinov A. The Chromatin Response to Double-Strand DNA Breaks and Their Repair. Cells 2020; 9:cells9081853. [PMID: 32784607 PMCID: PMC7464352 DOI: 10.3390/cells9081853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular DNA is constantly being damaged by numerous internal and external mutagenic factors. Probably the most severe type of insults DNA could suffer are the double-strand DNA breaks (DSBs). They sever both DNA strands and compromise genomic stability, causing deleterious chromosomal aberrations that are implicated in numerous maladies, including cancer. Not surprisingly, cells have evolved several DSB repair pathways encompassing hundreds of different DNA repair proteins to cope with this challenge. In eukaryotic cells, DSB repair is fulfilled in the immensely complex environment of the chromatin. The chromatin is not just a passive background that accommodates the multitude of DNA repair proteins, but it is a highly dynamic and active participant in the repair process. Chromatin alterations, such as changing patterns of histone modifications shaped by numerous histone-modifying enzymes and chromatin remodeling, are pivotal for proficient DSB repair. Dynamic chromatin changes ensure accessibility to the damaged region, recruit DNA repair proteins, and regulate their association and activity, contributing to DSB repair pathway choice and coordination. Given the paramount importance of DSB repair in tumorigenesis and cancer progression, DSB repair has turned into an attractive target for the development of novel anticancer therapies, some of which have already entered the clinic.
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19
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Ren S, Ur Rehman Z, Gao B, Yang Z, Zhou J, Meng C, Song C, Nair V, Sun Y, Ding C. ATM-mediated DNA double-strand break response facilitated oncolytic Newcastle disease virus replication and promoted syncytium formation in tumor cells. PLoS Pathog 2020; 16:e1008514. [PMID: 32479542 PMCID: PMC7263568 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage response (DDR) is the fundamental cellular response for maintaining genomic integrity and suppressing tumorigenesis. The activation of ataxia telangiectasia-mutated (ATM) kinase is central to DNA double-strand break (DSB) for maintaining host-genome integrity in mammalian cells. Oncolytic Newcastle disease virus (NDV) can selectively replicate in tumor cells; however, its influence on the genome integrity of tumor cells is not well-elucidated. Here, we found that membrane fusion and NDV infection triggered DSBs in tumor cells. The late replication and membrane fusion of NDV mechanistically activated the ATM-mediated DSB pathway via the ATM-Chk2 axis, as evidenced by the hallmarks of DSBs, i.e., auto-phosphorylated ATM and phosphorylated H2AX and Chk2. Immunofluorescence data showed that multifaceted ATM-controlled phosphorylation markedly induced the formation of pan-nuclear punctum foci in response to NDV infection and F-HN co-expression. Specific drug-inhibitory experiments on ATM kinase activity further suggested that ATM-mediated DSBs facilitated NDV replication and membrane fusion. We confirmed that the Mre11-RAD50-NBS1 (MRN) complex sensed the DSB signal activation triggered by NDV infection and membrane fusion. The pharmacological inhibition of MRN activity also significantly inhibited intracellular and extracellular NDV replication and syncytia formation. Collectively, these data identified for the first time a direct link between the membrane fusion induced by virus infection and DDR pathways, thereby providing new insights into the efficient replication of oncolytic NDV in tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanhui Ren
- Department of Avian Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute. Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Zaib Ur Rehman
- Department of Avian Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute. Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Bo Gao
- Department of Avian Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute. Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Zengqi Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Jiyong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chunchun Meng
- Department of Avian Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute. Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Cuiping Song
- Department of Avian Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute. Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Venugopal Nair
- Avian Oncogenic viruses group, UK-China Centre of Excellence on Avian Disease Research, The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Yingjie Sun
- Department of Avian Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute. Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Chan Ding
- Department of Avian Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute. Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, P.R. China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
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20
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Shuai S, Gallinger S, Stein LD. Combined burden and functional impact tests for cancer driver discovery using DriverPower. Nat Commun 2020; 11:734. [PMID: 32024818 PMCID: PMC7002750 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13929-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery of driver mutations is one of the key motivations for cancer genome sequencing. Here, as part of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium, which aggregated whole genome sequencing data from 2658 cancers across 38 tumour types, we describe DriverPower, a software package that uses mutational burden and functional impact evidence to identify driver mutations in coding and non-coding sites within cancer whole genomes. Using a total of 1373 genomic features derived from public sources, DriverPower's background mutation model explains up to 93% of the regional variance in the mutation rate across multiple tumour types. By incorporating functional impact scores, we are able to further increase the accuracy of driver discovery. Testing across a collection of 2583 cancer genomes from the PCAWG project, DriverPower identifies 217 coding and 95 non-coding driver candidates. Comparing to six published methods used by the PCAWG Drivers and Functional Interpretation Working Group, DriverPower has the highest F1 score for both coding and non-coding driver discovery. This demonstrates that DriverPower is an effective framework for computational driver discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimin Shuai
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5S 1A8.
- Computational Biology Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5G 0A3.
| | - Steven Gallinger
- Division of General Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5G 2C4
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5G 1X5
| | - Lincoln D Stein
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5S 1A8.
- Computational Biology Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5G 0A3.
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21
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Haq ZU, Rashid A, Khan SM, Razzaq A, Al-Yahyai RA, Kamran S, Ali SG, Ali S, Saifullah, Abdullah, Rehman A. In vitro and in vivo propagation of Monotheca buxifolia (Falc.) A. DC. An economical medicinal plant. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chnaes.2019.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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22
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Dong Z, Zou J, Li J, Pang Y, Liu Y, Deng C, Chen F, Cui H. MYST1/KAT8 contributes to tumor progression by activating EGFR signaling in glioblastoma cells. Cancer Med 2019; 8:7793-7808. [PMID: 31691527 PMCID: PMC6912028 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
With short survival time, glioblastoma (GBM) is the most malignant tumor in the central nervous system. Recently, epigenetic enzymes play essential roles in the regulation of tumorigenesis and cancer development of GBM. However, little is known about MYST1/KAT8/MOF, a histone acetylation enzyme, in GBM. The present study shows that MYST1 promotes GBM progression through activating epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling. MYST1 expression was increased in GBM and was negatively correlated with prognosis in patients with glioma and GBM. Knockdown of MYST1 reduced cell proliferation and BrdU incorporation in LN229, U87, and A172 GBM cells. Besides, MYST1 downregulation also induced cell cycle arrest at G2M phase, as well as the reduced expression of CDK1, Cyclin A, Cyclin B1, and increased expression of p21CIP1/Waf1. Meanwhile, Self‐renewal capability in vitro and tumorigenecity in vivo were also impaired after MYST1 knockdown. Importantly, MYST1 expression was lowly expressed in mesenchymal subtype of GBM and was positively correlated with EGFR expression in a cohort from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Western blot subsequently confirmed that phosphorylation and activation of p‐Try1068 of EGFR, p‐Ser473 of AKT and p‐Thr202/Tyr204 of Erk1/2 were also decreased by MYST1 knockdown. Consistent with the results above, overexpression of MYST1 promoted GBM growth and activated EGFR signaling in vitro and in vivo. In addition, erlotinib, a US Food and Drug Administration approved cancer drug which targets EGFR, was able to rescue MYST1‐promoted cell proliferation and EGFR signaling pathway. Furthermore, the transcription of EGF, an EFGR ligand, was shown to be positively regulated by MYST1 possibly via H4K16 acetylation. Our findings elucidate MYST1 as a tumor promoter in GBM and an EGFR activator, and may be a potential drug target for GBM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiahua Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jifu Li
- College of Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Pang
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Antitumor Natural Drugs, Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing, China
| | - Yudong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chaowei Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fei Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Hongjuan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Yu L, Yang G, Zhang X, Wang P, Weng X, Yang Y, Li Z, Fang M, Xu Y, Sun A, Ge J. Megakaryocytic Leukemia 1 Bridges Epigenetic Activation of NADPH Oxidase in Macrophages to Cardiac Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Circulation 2019; 138:2820-2836. [PMID: 30018168 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.118.035377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), catalyzed by the NADPH oxidases (NOX), is involved in the pathogenesis of ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. The underlying epigenetic mechanism remains elusive. METHODS We evaluated the potential role of megakaryocytic leukemia 1 (MKL1), as a bridge linking epigenetic activation of NOX to ROS production and cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury. RESULTS Following IR injury, MKL1-deficient (knockout) mice exhibited smaller myocardial infarction along with improved heart function compared with wild-type littermates. Similarly, pharmaceutical inhibition of MKL1 with CCG-1423 also attenuated myocardial infarction and improved heart function in mice. Amelioration of IR injury as a result of MKL1 deletion or inhibition was accompanied by reduced ROS in vivo and in vitro. In response to IR, MKL1 levels were specifically elevated in macrophages, but not in cardiomyocytes, in the heart. Of note, macrophage-specific deletion (MϕcKO), instead of cardiomyocyte-restricted ablation (CMcKO), of MKL1 in mice led to similar improvements of infarct size, heart function, and myocardial ROS generation. Reporter assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay revealed that MKL1 directly bound to the promoters of NOX genes to activate NOX transcription. Mechanistically, MKL1 recruited the histone acetyltransferase MOF (male absent on the first) to modify the chromatin structure surrounding the NOX promoters. Knockdown of MOF in macrophages blocked hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced NOX transactivation and ROS accumulation. Of importance, pharmaceutical inhibition of MOF with MG149 significantly downregulated NOX1/NOX4 expression, dampened ROS production, and normalized myocardial function in mice exposed to IR injury. Finally, administration of a specific NOX1/4 inhibitor GKT137831 dampened ROS generation and rescued heart function after IR in mice. CONCLUSIONS Our data delineate an MKL1-MOF-NOX axis in macrophages that contributes to IR injury, and as such we have provided novel therapeutic targets in the treatment of ischemic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Yu
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, China (L.Y., G.Y., X.Z., Z.L., M.F., Y.X.)
| | - Guang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, China (L.Y., G.Y., X.Z., Z.L., M.F., Y.X.)
| | - Xinjian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, China (L.Y., G.Y., X.Z., Z.L., M.F., Y.X.)
| | - Peng Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Zhongshan Hospital (P.W., X.W., A.S., J.G.), Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences (P.W., X.W., A.S., J.G.), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyu Weng
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Zhongshan Hospital (P.W., X.W., A.S., J.G.), Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences (P.W., X.W., A.S., J.G.), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuyu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China (Y.Y.)
| | - Zilong Li
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, China (L.Y., G.Y., X.Z., Z.L., M.F., Y.X.).,Institute of Biomedical Research, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China (Z.L., Y.X.)
| | - Mingming Fang
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, China (L.Y., G.Y., X.Z., Z.L., M.F., Y.X.)
| | - Yong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, China (L.Y., G.Y., X.Z., Z.L., M.F., Y.X.).,Institute of Biomedical Research, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China (Z.L., Y.X.)
| | - Aijun Sun
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Zhongshan Hospital (P.W., X.W., A.S., J.G.), Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences (P.W., X.W., A.S., J.G.), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junbo Ge
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Zhongshan Hospital (P.W., X.W., A.S., J.G.), Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences (P.W., X.W., A.S., J.G.), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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24
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Li Z, Chen Y, Tang M, Li Y, Zhu WG. Regulation of DNA damage-induced ATM activation by histone modifications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s42764-019-00004-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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25
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Horikoshi N, Sharma D, Leonard F, Pandita RK, Charaka VK, Hambarde S, Horikoshi NT, Gaur Khaitan P, Chakraborty S, Cote J, Godin B, Hunt CR, Pandita TK. Pre-existing H4K16ac levels in euchromatin drive DNA repair by homologous recombination in S-phase. Commun Biol 2019; 2:253. [PMID: 31286070 PMCID: PMC6611875 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-019-0498-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The homologous recombination (HR) repair pathway maintains genetic integrity after DNA double-strand break (DSB) damage and is particularly crucial for maintaining fidelity of expressed genes. Histone H4 acetylation on lysine 16 (H4K16ac) is associated with transcription, but how pre-existing H4K16ac directly affects DSB repair is not known. To answer this question, we used CRISPR/Cas9 technology to introduce I-SceI sites, or repair pathway reporter cassettes, at defined locations within gene-rich (high H4K16ac/euchromatin) and gene-poor (low H4K16ac/heterochromatin) regions. The frequency of DSB repair by HR is higher in gene-rich regions. Interestingly, artificially targeting H4K16ac at specific locations using gRNA/dCas9-MOF increases HR frequency in euchromatin. Finally, inhibition/depletion of RNA polymerase II or Cockayne syndrome B protein leads to decreased recruitment of HR factors at DSBs. These results indicate that the pre-existing H4K16ac status at specific locations directly influences the repair of local DNA breaks, favoring HR in part through the transcription machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuo Horikoshi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030 USA
- Present Address: Department of Radiation Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611 USA
| | - Dharmendra Sharma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Fransisca Leonard
- Department of Nanomedicine, The Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Raj K. Pandita
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Vijaya K. Charaka
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Shashank Hambarde
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Nobuko T. Horikoshi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Puja Gaur Khaitan
- Department of Surgery, The Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030 USA
- Present Address: Department of Surgery, Medstar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC 20010 USA
| | - Sharmistha Chakraborty
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Jacques Cote
- St. Patrick Research Group in Basic Oncology, Laval University Cancer Research Center, Quebec City, QC G1V4G2 Canada
| | - Biana Godin
- Department of Nanomedicine, The Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Clayton R. Hunt
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Tej K. Pandita
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030 USA
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26
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Investigating the structural features of chromodomain proteins in the human genome and predictive impacts of their mutations in cancers. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 131:1101-1116. [PMID: 30917913 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.03.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic readers are specific proteins which recognize histone marks and represents the underlying mechanism for chromatin regulation. Histone H3 lysine methylation is a potential epigenetic code for the chromatin organization and transcriptional control. Recognition of histone methylation is achieved by evolutionary conserved reader modules known as chromodomain, identified in several proteins, and is involved in transcriptional silencing and chromatin remodelling. Genetic perturbations within the structurally conserved chromodomain could potentially mistarget the reader protein and impair their regulatory pathways, ultimately leading to cellular chaos by setting the stage for tumor development and progression. Here, we report the structural conservations associated with diverse functions, prognostic significance and functional consequences of mutations within chromodomain of human proteins in distinct cancers. We have extensively analysed chromodomain containing human proteins in terms of their structural-functional ability to act as a molecular switch in the recognition of methyl-lysine recognition. We further investigated the combinatorial potential, target promiscuity and binding specificity associated with their underlying mechanisms. Indeed, the molecular mechanism of epigenetic silencing significantly underlies a newer cancer therapy approach. We hope that a critical understanding of chromodomains will pave the way for novel paths of research providing newer insights into the designing of effective anti-cancer therapies.
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27
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Kim JJ, Lee SY, Miller KM. Preserving genome integrity and function: the DNA damage response and histone modifications. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2019; 54:208-241. [PMID: 31164001 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2019.1620676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Modulation of chromatin templates in response to cellular cues, including DNA damage, relies heavily on the post-translation modification of histones. Numerous types of histone modifications including phosphorylation, methylation, acetylation, and ubiquitylation occur on specific histone residues in response to DNA damage. These histone marks regulate both the structure and function of chromatin, allowing for the transition between chromatin states that function in undamaged condition to those that occur in the presence of DNA damage. Histone modifications play well-recognized roles in sensing, processing, and repairing damaged DNA to ensure the integrity of genetic information and cellular homeostasis. This review highlights our current understanding of histone modifications as they relate to DNA damage responses (DDRs) and their involvement in genome maintenance, including the potential targeting of histone modification regulators in cancer, a disease that exhibits both epigenetic dysregulation and intrinsic DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Jin Kim
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, LIVESTRONG Cancer Institute of the Dell Medical School, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin , TX , USA
| | - Seo Yun Lee
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, LIVESTRONG Cancer Institute of the Dell Medical School, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin , TX , USA
| | - Kyle M Miller
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, LIVESTRONG Cancer Institute of the Dell Medical School, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin , TX , USA
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28
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Li N, Tian GW, Tang LR, Li G. hMOF reduction enhances radiosensitivity through the homologous recombination pathway in non-small-cell lung cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:3065-3075. [PMID: 31114249 PMCID: PMC6485037 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s192568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Human males absent on the first (hMOF) is a histone acetyltransferase (HAT) and is responsible for acetylating histone H4 at lysine 16 (H4K16). Recent studies have indicated that hMOF is overexpressed in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) as an oncogene. The aim of this study is to profile the prognostic roles of hMOF in patients with unresectable stage III NSCLC undergoing definitive radiotherapy (RT) and in the radiosensitivity of human NSCLC cells. Materials and methods The expression of hMOF was detected in 24 normal and tumor-paired fresh-frozen NSCLC tissue samples. The immunohistochemistry was conducted, and the correlation of hMOF with clinicopathological parameters was studied in tissues from 90 patients with unresectable stage III NSCLC who underwent definitive RT. Radiation sensitivity was monitored using clonogenic assays in NCI-H1299 and A549 NSCLC cell lines with hMOF knockdown. Results hMOF was overexpressed in NSCLC tissues compared with non-cancerous tissues. Compared to patients with downregulated hMOF, upregulated hMOF was observed in 51.1% (46/90) of the patients, who showed a significantly worse 5-year survival rate (5.4% vs 22.9%, P=0.025). hMOF expression was an independent prognostic factor of unresectable stage III NSCLC patients who underwent definitive RT. Silencing hMOF increased in vitro the sensitive enhancing ratio (SER) of NSCLC cell lines and downregulated the expression of phospho-ataxia telangiectasia mutated (p-ATM) and RAD51 after irradiation (IR). Conclusion Overexpression of hMOF predicts poor prognosis in patients with unresectable stage III NSCLC undergoing definitive RT. Downregulating hMOF might be a promising intervention to improve the outcome after RT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China,
| | - Guang-Wei Tian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China,
| | - Ling-Rong Tang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China,
| | - Guang Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China,
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29
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Liu L, Hong W, Li M, Ren H, Wang J, Xu H, Shi X, Xu Y. A Cross Talk Between BRG1 and Males Absent on the First Contributes to Reactive Oxygen Species Production in a Mouse Model of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 30:1539-1552. [PMID: 29963902 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2016.6822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Aims: Accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in hepatocytes in response to excessive nutrients and the ensuing liver damages caused by ROS constitute a key pathophysiological event in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). In the present study, we investigated the epigenetic mechanism underlying ROS production in NASH pathogenesis. Results: NASH was induced by feeding the mice with a methionine-and-choline-deficient (MCD) diet for 4 weeks. Compared with the control mice (wild type [WT]), mice with hepatocyte-specific deletion of Brg1 (HepcKO), a core component of the mammalian chromatin remodeling complex, developed a less severe form of NASH when fed on the MCD diet. Importantly, ROS levels were attenuated in HepcKO mice as opposed to WT mice. Brahma-related gene 1 (Brg1) deficiency downregulated the transcription of NADPH oxidases (NOX1, NOX2, and NOX4) both in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, Brg1 deletion rendered a more repressive chromatin structure surrounding the NOX promoters as characterized by reduced levels of acetylated histones. In addition, Brg1 interacted with the histone H4K16 acetyltransferase males absent on the first (MOF) to activate NOX transcription. MOF knockdown by small interfering RNA or pharmaceutical inhibition by MG149 suppressed NOX transcription and ameliorated ROS levels. Innovation: Our data highlight a novel epigenetic mechanism through which Brg1 and MOF cooperate to regulate ROS production in hepatocytes in response to pro-NASH stimuli. Conclusion: A cross talk between Brg1 and MOF epigenetically activates NOX transcription and elevates ROS synthesis contributing to NASH pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenxuan Hong
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Min Li
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haozhen Ren
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province's Key Medical Center for Hepatobiliary Disease, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinglin Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Huihui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaolei Shi
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province's Key Medical Center for Hepatobiliary Disease, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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30
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Chromatin control in double strand break repair. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2019. [PMID: 30798938 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
DNA double strand breaks (DSB) are the most deleterious type of damage inflicted on DNA by various environmental factors and as consequences of normal cellular metabolism. The multistep nature of DSB repair and the need to assemble large protein complexes at repair sites necessitate multiple chromatin changes there. This review focuses on the key findings of how chromatin regulators exert temporal and spatial control on DSB repair. These mechanisms coordinate repair with cell cycle progression, lead to DSB repair pathway choice, provide accessibility of repair machinery to damaged sites and move the lesions to nuclear environments permissive for repair.
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31
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Abstract
The timely and precise repair of DNA damage, or more specifically DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) - the most deleterious DNA lesions, is crucial for maintaining genome integrity and cellular homeostasis. An appropriate cellular response to DNA DSBs requires the integration of various factors, including the post-translational modifications (PTMs) of chromatin and chromatin-associated proteins. Notably, the PTMs of histones have been shown to play a fundamental role in initiating and regulating cellular responses to DNA DSBs. Here we review the role of the major histone PTMs, including phosphorylation, ubiquitination, methylation and acetylation, and their interactions during DNA DSB-induced responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hieu T Van
- a Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis , University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Margarida A Santos
- a Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis , University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , TX , USA
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32
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Sharma AK, Hendzel MJ. The relationship between histone posttranslational modification and DNA damage signaling and repair. Int J Radiat Biol 2018; 95:382-393. [PMID: 30252564 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2018.1516911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The cellular response to DNA damage occurs in the context of an organized chromatin environment in order to maintain genome integrity. Immediately after DNA damage, an array of histone modifications are induced to relieve the physical constraints of the chromatin environment, mark the site as damaged, and function as a platform for the assembly of mediator and effector proteins of DNA damage response signaling pathway. Changes in chromatin structure in the vicinity of the DNA double-strand break (DSB) facilitates the efficient initiation of the DNA damage signaling cascade. Failure of induction of DNA damage responsive histone modifications may lead to genome instability and cancer. Here we will discuss our current understanding of the DNA damage responsive histone modifications and their role in DNA repair as well as their implications for genome stability. We further discuss recent studies which highlight not only how histone modification has involved in the signaling and remodeling at the DSB but also how it influences the DNA repair pathway choice. CONCLUSIONS Histone modifications pattern alter during the induction of DNA DSBs induction as well as during the repair and recovery phase of DNA damage response. It will be interesting to understand more precisely, how DSBs within chromatin are repaired by HR and NHEJ. The emergence of proteomic and genomic technologies in combination with advanced microscopy and imaging methods will help in better understanding the role of chromatin environment in the regulation of genome stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajit K Sharma
- a Departments of Cell Biology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Canada
| | - Michael J Hendzel
- a Departments of Cell Biology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Canada
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33
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Huang TH, Shen ZJ, Sleckman BP, Tyler JK. The histone chaperone ASF1 regulates the activation of ATM and DNA-PKcs in response to DNA double-strand breaks. Cell Cycle 2018; 17:1413-1424. [PMID: 29954236 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2018.1486165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The Ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) kinase and the DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs) are activated by DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). These DSBs occur in the context of chromatin but how chromatin influences the activation of these kinases is not known. Here we show that loss of the replication-dependent chromatin assembly factors ASF1A/B or CAF-1 compromises ATM activation, while augmenting DNA-PKcs activation, in response to DNA DSBs. Cells deficient in ASF1A/B or CAF-1 exhibit reduced histone H4 lysine 16 acetylation (H4K16ac), a histone mark known to promote ATM activation. ASF1A interacts with the histone acetyl transferase, hMOF that mediates H4K16ac. ASF1A depletion leads to increased recruitment of DNA-PKcs to DSBs. We propose normal chromatin assembly and H4K16ac during DNA replication is required to regulate ATM and DNA-PKcs activity in response to the subsequent induction of DNA DSBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Hsiang Huang
- a Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine , Weill Cornell Medicine , New York , NY , USA
| | - Zih-Jie Shen
- a Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine , Weill Cornell Medicine , New York , NY , USA
| | - Barry P Sleckman
- a Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine , Weill Cornell Medicine , New York , NY , USA
| | - Jessica K Tyler
- a Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine , Weill Cornell Medicine , New York , NY , USA
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34
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Li Z, Li Y, Tang M, Peng B, Lu X, Yang Q, Zhu Q, Hou T, Li M, Liu C, Wang L, Xu X, Zhao Y, Wang H, Yang Y, Zhu WG. Destabilization of linker histone H1.2 is essential for ATM activation and DNA damage repair. Cell Res 2018; 28:756-770. [PMID: 29844578 PMCID: PMC6028381 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-018-0048-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Linker histone H1 is a master regulator of higher order chromatin structure, but its involvement in the DNA damage response and repair is unclear. Here, we report that linker histone H1.2 is an essential regulator of ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) activation. We show that H1.2 protects chromatin from aberrant ATM activation through direct interaction with the ATM HEAT repeat domain and inhibition of MRE11-RAD50-NBS1 (MRN) complex-dependent ATM recruitment. Upon DNA damage, H1.2 undergoes rapid PARP1-dependent chromatin dissociation through poly-ADP-ribosylation (PARylation) of its C terminus and further proteasomal degradation. Inhibition of H1.2 displacement by PARP1 depletion or an H1.2 PARylation-dead mutation compromises ATM activation and DNA damage repair, thus leading to impaired cell survival. Taken together, our findings suggest that linker histone H1.2 functions as a physiological barrier for ATM to target the chromatin, and PARylation-mediated active H1.2 turnover is required for robust ATM activation and DNA damage repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiming Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yinglu Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Ming Tang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Bin Peng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Xiaopeng Lu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Qiaoyan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Qian Zhu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Tianyun Hou
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Meiting Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Chaohua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Lina Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xingzhi Xu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Haiying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Wei-Guo Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China.
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
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35
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β1-Integrin Impacts Rad51 Stability and DNA Double-Strand Break Repair by Homologous Recombination. Mol Cell Biol 2018; 38:MCB.00672-17. [PMID: 29463647 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00672-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms underlying resistance to radiotherapy in breast cancer cells remain elusive. Previously, we reported that elevated β1-integrin is associated with enhanced breast cancer cell survival postirradiation, but how β1-integrin conferred radioresistance was unclear. Ionizing radiation (IR) induced cell killing correlates with the efficiency of DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair, and we found that nonmalignant breast epithelial (S1) cells with low β1-integrin expression have a higher frequency of S-phase-specific IR-induced chromosomal aberrations than the derivative malignant breast (T4-2) cells with high β1-integrin expression. In addition, there was an increased frequency of IR-induced homologous recombination (HR) repairosome focus formation in T4-2 cells compared with that of S1 cells. Cellular levels of Rad51 in T4-2 cells, a critical factor in HR-mediated DSB repair, were significantly higher. Blocking or depleting β1-integrin activity in T4-2 cells reduced Rad51 levels, while ectopic expression of β1-integrin in S1 cells correspondingly increased Rad51 levels, suggesting that Rad51 is regulated by β1-integrin. The low level of Rad51 protein in S1 cells was found to be due to rapid degradation by the ubiquitin proteasome pathway (UPP). Furthermore, the E3 ubiquitin ligase RING1 was highly upregulated in S1 cells compared to T4-2 cells. Ectopic β1-integrin expression in S1 cells reduced RING1 levels and increased Rad51 accumulation. In contrast, β1-integrin depletion in T4-2 cells significantly increased RING1 protein levels and potentiated Rad51 ubiquitination. These data suggest for the first time that elevated levels of the extracellular matrix receptor β1-integrin can increase tumor cell radioresistance by decreasing Rad51 degradation through a RING1-mediated proteasomal pathway.
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36
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MOF Suppresses Replication Stress and Contributes to Resolution of Stalled Replication Forks. Mol Cell Biol 2018; 38:MCB.00484-17. [PMID: 29298824 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00484-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The human MOF (hMOF) protein belongs to the MYST family of histone acetyltransferases and plays a critical role in transcription and the DNA damage response. MOF is essential for cell proliferation; however, its role during replication and replicative stress is unknown. Here we demonstrate that cells depleted of MOF and under replicative stress induced by cisplatin, hydroxyurea, or camptothecin have reduced survival, a higher frequency of S-phase-specific chromosome damage, and increased R-loop formation. MOF depletion decreased replication fork speed and, when combined with replicative stress, also increased stalled replication forks as well as new origin firing. MOF interacted with PCNA, a key coordinator of replication and repair machinery at replication forks, and affected its ubiquitination and recruitment to the DNA damage site. Depletion of MOF, therefore, compromised the DNA damage repair response as evidenced by decreased Mre11, RPA70, Rad51, and PCNA focus formation, reduced DNA end resection, and decreased CHK1 phosphorylation in cells after exposure to hydroxyurea or cisplatin. These results support the argument that MOF plays an important role in suppressing replication stress induced by genotoxic agents at several stages during the DNA damage response.
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37
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Massonneau J, Ouellet C, Lucien F, Dubois CM, Tyler J, Boissonneault G. Suboptimal extracellular pH values alter DNA damage response to induced double-strand breaks. FEBS Open Bio 2018; 8:416-425. [PMID: 29511618 PMCID: PMC5832969 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Conditions leading to unrepaired DNA double‐stranded breaks are potent inducers of genetic instability. Systemic conditions may lead to fluctuation of hydrogen ions in the cellular microenvironment, and we show that small variations in extracellular pH, termed suboptimal pHe, can decrease the efficiency of DNA repair in the absence of intracellular pH variation. Recovery from bleomycin‐induced DNA double‐stranded breaks in fibroblasts proceeded less efficiently at suboptimal pHe values ranging from 7.2 to 6.9, as shown by the persistence of repair foci, reduction of H4K16 acetylation, and chromosomal instability, while senescence or apoptosis remained undetected. By allowing escape from these protective mechanisms, suboptimal pHe may therefore enhance the genotoxicity of double‐stranded breaks, leading to genetic instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Massonneau
- Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences Université de Sherbrooke Quebec Canada
| | - Camille Ouellet
- Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences Université de Sherbrooke Quebec Canada
| | - Fabrice Lucien
- Department of Pediatry Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences Université de Sherbrooke Quebec Canada
| | - Claire M Dubois
- Department of Pediatry Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences Université de Sherbrooke Quebec Canada
| | - Jessica Tyler
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Weill Cornell Medical College New York NY USA
| | - Guylain Boissonneault
- Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences Université de Sherbrooke Quebec Canada
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38
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Horikoshi N, Pandita RK, Mujoo K, Hambarde S, Sharma D, Mattoo AR, Chakraborty S, Charaka V, Hunt CR, Pandita TK. β2-spectrin depletion impairs DNA damage repair. Oncotarget 2018; 7:33557-70. [PMID: 27248179 PMCID: PMC5085102 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
β2-Spectrin (β2SP/SPTBN1, gene SPTBN1) is a key TGF-β/SMAD3/4 adaptor and transcriptional cofactor that regulates TGF-β signaling and can contribute to liver cancer development. Here we report that cells deficient in β2-Spectrin (β2SP) are moderately sensitive to ionizing radiation (IR) and extremely sensitive to agents that cause interstrand cross-links (ICLs) or replication stress. In response to treatment with IR or ICL agents (formaldehyde, cisplatin, camptothecin, mitomycin), β2SP deficient cells displayed a higher frequency of cells with delayed γ-H2AX removal and a higher frequency of residual chromosome aberrations. Following hydroxyurea (HU)-induced replication stress, β2SP-deficient cells displayed delayed disappearance of γ-H2AX foci along with defective repair factor recruitment (MRE11, CtIP, RAD51, RPA, and FANCD2) as well as defective restart of stalled replication forks. Repair factor recruitment is a prerequisite for initiation of DNA damage repair by the homologous recombination (HR) pathway, which was also defective in β2SP deficient cells. We propose that β2SP is required for maintaining genomic stability following replication fork stalling, whether induced by either ICL damage or replicative stress, by facilitating fork regression as well as DNA damage repair by homologous recombination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuo Horikoshi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Raj K Pandita
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Kalpana Mujoo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shashank Hambarde
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Dharmendra Sharma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Abid R Mattoo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sharmistha Chakraborty
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Vijaya Charaka
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Clayton R Hunt
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Tej K Pandita
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, TX, USA
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39
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Fernandez HR, Lindén SK. The aspirin metabolite salicylate inhibits lysine acetyltransferases and MUC1 induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5626. [PMID: 28717171 PMCID: PMC5514058 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06149-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MUC1 is a transmembrane mucin that can promote cancer progression, and its upregulation correlates with a worse prognosis in colon cancer. We examined the effects of overexpression of MUC1 in colon cancer cells, finding that it induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), including enhanced migration and invasion, and increased Akt phosphorylation. When the clones were treated with the aspirin metabolite salicylate, Akt phosphorylation was decreased and EMT inhibited. As the salicylate motif is necessary for the activity of the lysine acetyltransferase (KAT) inhibitor anacardic acid, we hypothesized these effects were associated with the inhibition of KAT activity. This was supported by anacardic acid treatment producing the same effect on EMT. In vitro KAT assays confirmed that salicylate directly inhibited PCAF/Kat2b, Tip60/Kat5 and hMOF/Kat8, and this inhibition was likely involved in the reversal of EMT in the metastatic prostate cancer cell line PC-3. Salicylate treatment also inhibited EMT induced by cytokines, illustrating the general effect it had on this process. The inhibition of both EMT and KATs by salicylate presents a little explored activity that could explain some of the anti-cancer effects of aspirin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harvey R Fernandez
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sara K Lindén
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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40
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Abstract
Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM) has been known for decades as the main kinase mediating the DNA Double-Strand Break Response (DDR). Extensive studies have revealed its dual role in locally promoting detection and repair of DSBs as well as in activating global DNA damage checkpoints. However, recent studies pinpoint additional unanticipated functions for ATM in modifying both the local chromatin landscape and the global chromosome organization, more particularly at persistent breaks. Given the emergence of a novel and unexpected class of DSBs prevalently arising in transcriptionally active genes and intrinsically difficult to repair, a specific role of ATM at refractory DSBs could be an important and so far overlooked feature of Ataxia Telangiectasia (A-T) a severe disorder associated with ATM mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Clouaire
- LBCMCP, Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), CNRS, Université de Toulouse, UT3, France
| | - Aline Marnef
- LBCMCP, Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), CNRS, Université de Toulouse, UT3, France
| | - Gaëlle Legube
- LBCMCP, Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), CNRS, Université de Toulouse, UT3, France.
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41
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Valerio DG, Xu H, Chen CW, Hoshii T, Eisold ME, Delaney C, Cusan M, Deshpande AJ, Huang CH, Lujambio A, Zheng YG, Zuber J, Pandita TK, Lowe SW, Armstrong SA. Histone Acetyltransferase Activity of MOF Is Required for MLL-AF9 Leukemogenesis. Cancer Res 2017; 77:1753-1762. [PMID: 28202522 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-2374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Chromatin-based mechanisms offer therapeutic targets in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) that are of great current interest. In this study, we conducted an RNAi-based screen to identify druggable chromatin regulator-based targets in leukemias marked by oncogenic rearrangements of the MLL gene. In this manner, we discovered the H4K16 histone acetyltransferase (HAT) MOF to be important for leukemia cell growth. Conditional deletion of Mof in a mouse model of MLL-AF9-driven leukemogenesis reduced tumor burden and prolonged host survival. RNA sequencing showed an expected downregulation of genes within DNA damage repair pathways that are controlled by MOF, as correlated with a significant increase in yH2AX nuclear foci in Mof-deficient MLL-AF9 tumor cells. In parallel, Mof loss also impaired global H4K16 acetylation in the tumor cell genome. Rescue experiments with catalytically inactive mutants of MOF showed that its enzymatic activity was required to maintain cancer pathogenicity. In support of the role of MOF in sustaining H4K16 acetylation, a small-molecule inhibitor of the HAT component MYST blocked the growth of both murine and human MLL-AF9 leukemia cell lines. Furthermore, Mof inactivation suppressed leukemia development in an NUP98-HOXA9-driven AML model. Taken together, our results establish that the HAT activity of MOF is required to sustain MLL-AF9 leukemia and may be important for multiple AML subtypes. Blocking this activity is sufficient to stimulate DNA damage, offering a rationale to pursue MOF inhibitors as a targeted approach to treat MLL-rearranged leukemias. Cancer Res; 77(7); 1753-62. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria G Valerio
- Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Cancer Biology & Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Haiming Xu
- Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Cancer Biology & Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Chun-Wei Chen
- Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Cancer Biology & Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Takayuki Hoshii
- Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Cancer Biology & Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Meghan E Eisold
- Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Cancer Biology & Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Christopher Delaney
- Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Cancer Biology & Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Monica Cusan
- Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Cancer Biology & Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Aniruddha J Deshpande
- Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Tumor Initiation and Maintenance Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California
| | - Chun-Hao Huang
- Cancer Biology & Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Amaia Lujambio
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - YuJun George Zheng
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Johannes Zuber
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna, Austria
| | - Tej K Pandita
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas
| | - Scott W Lowe
- Cancer Biology & Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Scott A Armstrong
- Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York. .,Cancer Biology & Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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42
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MCL-1 Depletion Impairs DNA Double-Strand Break Repair and Reinitiation of Stalled DNA Replication Forks. Mol Cell Biol 2017; 37:MCB.00535-16. [PMID: 27821478 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00535-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid cell leukemia 1 (MCL-1) is a prosurvival BCL-2 protein family member highly expressed in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and regulated by growth factor signals that manifest antiapoptotic activity. Here we report that depletion of MCL-1 but not its isoform MCL-1S increases genomic instability and cell sensitivity to ionizing radiation (IR)-induced death. MCL-1 association with genomic DNA increased postirradiation, and the protein colocalized with 53BP1 foci. Postirradiation, MCL-1-depleted cells exhibited decreased γ-H2AX foci, decreased phosphorylation of ATR, and higher levels of residual 53BP1 and RIF1 foci, suggesting that DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair by homologous recombination (HR) was compromised. Consistent with this model, MCL-1-depleted cells had a reduced frequency of IR-induced BRCA1, RPA, and Rad51 focus formation, decreased DNA end resection, and decreased HR repair in the DR-GFP DSB repair model. Similarly, after HU induction of stalled replication forks in MCL-1-depleted cells, there was a decreased ability to subsequently restart DNA synthesis, which is normally dependent upon HR-mediated resolution of collapsed forks. Therefore, the present data support a model whereby MCL-1 depletion increases 53BP1 and RIF1 colocalization at DSBs, which inhibits BRCA1 recruitment, and sensitizes cells to DSBs from IR or stalled replication forks that require HR for repair.
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43
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Graham ME, Lavin MF, Kozlov SV. Identification of ATM Protein Kinase Phosphorylation Sites by Mass Spectrometry. Methods Mol Biol 2017; 1599:127-144. [PMID: 28477116 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-6955-5_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ATM (ataxia-telangiectasia mutated) protein kinase is a key regulator of cellular responses to DNA damage and oxidative stress. DNA damage triggers complex cascade of signaling events leading to numerous posttranslational modification on multitude of proteins. Understanding the regulation of ATM kinase is therefore critical not only for understanding the human genetic disorder ataxia-telangiectasia and potential treatment strategies, but essential for deciphering physiological responses of cells to stress. These responses play an important role in carcinogenesis, neurodegeneration, and aging. We focus here on the identification of DNA damage inducible ATM phosphorylation sites to understand the importance of autophosphorylation in the mechanism of ATM kinase activation. We demonstrate the utility of using immunoprecipitated ATM in quantitative LC-MS/MS workflow with stable isotope dimethyl labeling of ATM peptides for identification of phosphorylation sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark E Graham
- Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Martin F Lavin
- University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research (UQCCR), University of Queensland, Building 71/918, Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital Campus, Herston, Brisbane, QLD4029, Australia
| | - Sergei V Kozlov
- University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research (UQCCR), University of Queensland, Building 71/918, Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital Campus, Herston, Brisbane, QLD4029, Australia.
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44
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Histone acetyltransferase activity of MOF is required for adult but not early fetal hematopoiesis in mice. Blood 2016; 129:48-59. [PMID: 27827827 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2016-05-714568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
K(lysine) acetyltransferase 8 (KAT8, also known as MOF) mediates the acetylation of histone H4 at lysine 16 (H4K16ac) and is crucial for murine embryogenesis. Lysine acetyltransferases have been shown to regulate various stages of normal hematopoiesis. However, the function of MOF in hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) development has not yet been elucidated. We set out to study the role of MOF in general hematopoiesis by using a Vav1-cre-induced conditional murine Mof knockout system and found that MOF is critical for hematopoietic cell maintenance and HSC engraftment capacity in adult hematopoiesis. Rescue experiments with a MOF histone acetyltransferase domain mutant illustrated the requirement for MOF acetyltransferase activity in the clonogenic capacity of HSCs and progenitors. In stark contrast, fetal steady-state hematopoiesis at embryonic day (E) 14.5 was not affected by homozygous Mof deletion despite dramatic loss of global H4K16ac. Hematopoietic defects start manifesting in late gestation at E17.5. The discovery that MOF and its H4K16ac activity are required for adult but not early and midgestational hematopoiesis supports the notion that multiple chromatin regulators may be crucial for hematopoiesis at varying stages of development. MOF is therefore a developmental-stage-specific chromatin regulator found to be essential for adult but not early fetal hematopoiesis.
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45
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Chatterjee A, Seyfferth J, Lucci J, Gilsbach R, Preissl S, Böttinger L, Mårtensson CU, Panhale A, Stehle T, Kretz O, Sahyoun AH, Avilov S, Eimer S, Hein L, Pfanner N, Becker T, Akhtar A. MOF Acetyl Transferase Regulates Transcription and Respiration in Mitochondria. Cell 2016; 167:722-738.e23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2016.09.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Mujoo K, Butler EB, Pandita RK, Hunt CR, Pandita TK. Pluripotent Stem Cells and DNA Damage Response to Ionizing Radiations. Radiat Res 2016; 186:17-26. [PMID: 27332952 PMCID: PMC4963261 DOI: 10.1667/rr14417.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) hold great promise in regenerative medicine, disease modeling, functional genomics, toxicological studies and cell-based therapeutics due to their unique characteristics of self-renewal and pluripotency. Novel methods for generation of pluripotent stem cells and their differentiation to the specialized cell types such as neuronal cells, myocardial cells, hepatocytes and beta cells of the pancreas and many other cells of the body are constantly being refined. Pluripotent stem cell derived differentiated cells, including neuronal cells or cardiac cells, are ideal for stem cell transplantation as autologous or allogeneic cells from healthy donors due to their minimal risk of rejection. Radiation-induced DNA damage, ultraviolet light, genotoxic stress and other intrinsic and extrinsic factors triggers a series of biochemical reactions known as DNA damage response. To maintain genomic stability and avoid transmission of mutations into progenitors cells, stem cells have robust DNA damage response signaling, a contrast to somatic cells. Stem cell transplantation may protect against radiation-induced late effects. In particular, this review focuses on differential DNA damage response between stem cells and derived differentiated cells and the possible pathways that determine such differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalpana Mujoo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Houston Methodist Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, The Houston Methodist Hospital, 6550 Fannin Street, Houston, TX 77030
| | - E. Brian Butler
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Houston Methodist Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, The Houston Methodist Hospital, 6550 Fannin Street, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Raj K. Pandita
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Houston Methodist Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, The Houston Methodist Hospital, 6550 Fannin Street, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Clayton R. Hunt
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Houston Methodist Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, The Houston Methodist Hospital, 6550 Fannin Street, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Tej K. Pandita
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Houston Methodist Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, The Houston Methodist Hospital, 6550 Fannin Street, Houston, TX 77030
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Luo H, Shenoy A, Li X, Jin Y, Jin L, Cai Q, Tang M, Liu Y, Chen H, Reisman D, Wu L, Seto E, Qiu Y, Dou Y, Casero R, Lu J. MOF Acetylates the Histone Demethylase LSD1 to Suppress Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition. Cell Rep 2016; 15:2665-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.05.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2015] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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Agarwal P, Miller KM. The nucleosome: orchestrating DNA damage signaling and repair within chromatin. Biochem Cell Biol 2016; 94:381-395. [PMID: 27240007 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2016-0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA damage occurs within the chromatin environment, which ultimately participates in regulating DNA damage response (DDR) pathways and repair of the lesion. DNA damage activates a cascade of signaling events that extensively modulates chromatin structure and organization to coordinate DDR factor recruitment to the break and repair, whilst also promoting the maintenance of normal chromatin functions within the damaged region. For example, DDR pathways must avoid conflicts between other DNA-based processes that function within the context of chromatin, including transcription and replication. The molecular mechanisms governing the recognition, target specificity, and recruitment of DDR factors and enzymes to the fundamental repeating unit of chromatin, i.e., the nucleosome, are poorly understood. Here we present our current view of how chromatin recognition by DDR factors is achieved at the level of the nucleosome. Emerging evidence suggests that the nucleosome surface, including the nucleosome acidic patch, promotes the binding and activity of several DNA damage factors on chromatin. Thus, in addition to interactions with damaged DNA and histone modifications, nucleosome recognition by DDR factors plays a key role in orchestrating the requisite chromatin response to maintain both genome and epigenome integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Agarwal
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, 2506 Speedway Stop A5000, Austin, TX 78712, USA.,Department of Molecular Biosciences, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, 2506 Speedway Stop A5000, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Kyle M Miller
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, 2506 Speedway Stop A5000, Austin, TX 78712, USA.,Department of Molecular Biosciences, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, 2506 Speedway Stop A5000, Austin, TX 78712, USA
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Mujoo K, Hunt CR, Horikoshi N, Pandita TK. A multifaceted role for MOF histone modifying factor in genome maintenance. Mech Ageing Dev 2016; 161:177-180. [PMID: 27038808 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2016.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
MOF (males absent on the first) was initially identified as a dosage compensation factor in Drosophila that acetylates lysine 16 of histone H4 (H4K16ac) and increased gene transcription from the single copy male X-chromosome. In humans, however, the ortholog of Drosophila MOF has been shown to interact with a range of proteins that extend its potential significance well beyond transcription. For example, recent results indicate MOF is an upstream regulator of the ATM (ataxia-telangiectasia mutated) protein, the loss of which is responsible for ataxia telangiectasia (AT). ATM is a key regulatory kinase that interacts with and phosphorylates multiple substrates that influence critical, cell-cycle control and DNA damage repair pathways in addition to other pathways. Thus, directly or indirectly, MOF may be involved in a wide range of cellular functions. This review will focus on the contribution of MOF to cellular DNA repair and new results that are beginning to examine the in vivo physiological role of MOF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalpana Mujoo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Clayton R Hunt
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Nobuo Horikoshi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Tej K Pandita
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, United States.
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Walsh L, Gallagher WM, O’Connor DP, Ní Chonghaile T. Diagnostic and Therapeutic Implications of Histone Epigenetic Modulators in Breast Cancer. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2016; 16:541-51. [DOI: 10.1586/14737159.2016.1156534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Louise Walsh
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - William M. Gallagher
- Cancer Biology and Therapeutics Laboratory, UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
- OncoMark Limited, NovaUCD, Belfield Innovation Park, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Darran P. O’Connor
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Tríona Ní Chonghaile
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
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