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Arias-Moliz MT, Pérez-Carrasco V, Uroz-Torres D, Santana Ramos JD, García-Salcedo JA, Soriano M. Identification of keystone taxa in root canals and periapical lesions of post-treatment endodontic infections: Next generation microbiome research. Int Endod J 2024; 57:933-942. [PMID: 38357799 DOI: 10.1111/iej.14046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to analyse and compare the microbiome present in root canals and periapical lesions of teeth with post-treatment infections, and to identify the presence of keystone taxa in both habitats using next-generation sequencing analysis. METHODOLOGY Apices and periapical lesions of patients with post-treatment apical periodontitis were surgically extracted. Specimens were cryo-pulverized, bacterial DNA was extracted, and the V3-V4 hypervariable regions of the 16S rRNA gene were sequenced using the Illumina Miseq platform. Bioinformatic analysis was carried out with Mothur software, whilst diversity indices were obtained using operational taxonomic units (OTUs). The diversity indices were compared with the Kruskal-Wallis test, and community composition differences were explored with Permutational Multivariate Analysis of Variance (PERMANOVA). A bacterial functional study was performed with the Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States (PICRUSt) analysis. Co-occurrence network analyses were performed using the Sparse Correlations for Compositional data (SparCC). Eigencentrality, clr-based abundance and ubiquitousness were applied to infer keystone taxa. P values <.05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS Thirty-two apices and thirty-nine periapical lesions were sequenced and analysed. A similar alpha-diversity (p < .05) and community composition (p = .91) was observed for apices and lesion samples. The most abundant OTUs identified amongst all samples included Fusobacterium nucleatum, Prevotella loescheii, Streptococcus intermedius, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Parvimonas micra, Synergistetes bacterium, Tannerella forsythia and Peptostreptococcus stomatis. The metabolic pathways with >0.81% abundances included membrane transport, genetic information processing and metabolic pathways. F. nucleatum was identified as a keystone taxon as it showed ubiquitousness, an eigenvector centrality value of 0.83 and a clr-based abundance >4. CONCLUSIONS The microbiome in apices and periapical lesions of post-treatment endodontic infections showed a similar diversity and taxonomic composition. Co-occurrence network analyses at OTU level identified F. nucleatum as a keystone taxon candidate in these infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Arias-Moliz
- Department of Microbiology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - Virginia Pérez-Carrasco
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research: Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada, Granada, Spain
- Microbiology Unit, University Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | | | | | - Jose Antonio García-Salcedo
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research: Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada, Granada, Spain
- Microbiology Unit, University Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - Miguel Soriano
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research: Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada, Granada, Spain
- Center for Research in Mediterranean Intensive Agrosystems and Agri-Food Biotechnology (CIAIMBITAL), University of Almeria, Almería, Spain
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Jiang G, Wang C, Wang Y, Wang J, Xue Y, Lin Y, Hu X, Lv Y. Exogenous putrescine plays a switch-like influence on the pH stress adaptability of biofilm-based activated sludge. Appl Environ Microbiol 2024:e0056924. [PMID: 38916292 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00569-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Microbial community adaptability to pH stress plays a crucial role in biofilm formation. This study aims to investigate the regulatory mechanisms of exogenous putrescine on pH stress, as well as enhance understanding and application for the technical measures and molecular mechanisms of biofilm regulation. Findings demonstrated that exogenous putrescine acted as a switch-like distributor affecting microorganism pH stress, thus promoting biofilm formation under acid conditions while inhibiting it under alkaline conditions. As pH decreases, the protonation degree of putrescine increases, making putrescine more readily adsorbed. Protonated exogenous putrescine could increase cell membrane permeability, facilitating its entry into the cell. Subsequently, putrescine consumed intracellular H+ by enhancing the glutamate-based acid resistance strategy and the γ-aminobutyric acid metabolic pathway to reduce acid stress on cells. Furthermore, putrescine stimulated ATPase expression, allowing for better utilization of energy in H+ transmembrane transport and enhancing oxidative phosphorylation activity. However, putrescine protonation was limited under alkaline conditions, and the intracellular H+ consumption further exacerbated alkali stress and inhibits cellular metabolic activity. Exogenous putrescine promoted the proportion of fungi and acidophilic bacteria under acidic stress and alkaliphilic bacteria under alkali stress while having a limited impact on fungi in alkaline biofilms. Increasing Bdellovibrio under alkali conditions with putrescine further aggravated the biofilm decomposition. This research shed light on the unclear relationship between exogenous putrescine, environmental pH, and pH stress adaptability of biofilm. By judiciously employing putrescine, biofilm formation could be controlled to meet the needs of engineering applications with different characteristics.IMPORTANCEThe objective of this study is to unravel the regulatory mechanism by which exogenous putrescine influences biofilm pH stress adaptability and understand the role of environmental pH in this intricate process. Our findings revealed that exogenous putrescine functioned as a switch-like distributor affecting the pH stress adaptability of biofilm-based activated sludge, which promoted energy utilization for growth and reproduction processes under acidic conditions while limiting biofilm development to conserve energy under alkaline conditions. This study not only clarified the previously ambiguous relationship between exogenous putrescine, environmental pH, and biofilm pH stress adaptability but also offered fresh insights into enhancing biofilm stability within extreme environments. Through the modulation of energy utilization, exerting control over biofilm growth and achieving more effective engineering goals could be possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanyu Jiang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, Tianjin, China
| | - Can Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, Tianjin, China
| | - Yongchao Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiayi Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, Tianjin, China
| | - Yimei Xue
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuting Lin
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, Tianjin, China
| | - Xurui Hu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, Tianjin, China
| | - Yahui Lv
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, Tianjin, China
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Nakatsu G, Andreeva N, MacDonald MH, Garrett WS. Interactions between diet and gut microbiota in cancer. Nat Microbiol 2024:10.1038/s41564-024-01736-4. [PMID: 38907007 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-024-01736-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Dietary patterns and specific dietary components, in concert with the gut microbiota, can jointly shape susceptibility, resistance and therapeutic response to cancer. Which diet-microbial interactions contribute to or mitigate carcinogenesis and how they work are important questions in this growing field. Here we interpret studies of diet-microbial interactions to assess dietary determinants of intestinal colonization by opportunistic and oncogenic bacteria. We explore how diet-induced expansion of specific gut bacteria might drive colonic epithelial tumorigenesis or create immuno-permissive tumour milieus and introduce recent findings that provide insight into these processes. Additionally, we describe available preclinical models that are widely used to study diet, microbiome and cancer interactions. Given the rising clinical interest in dietary modulations in cancer treatment, we highlight promising clinical trials that describe the effects of different dietary alterations on the microbiome and cancer outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geicho Nakatsu
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Chan Microbiome in Public Health Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Natalia Andreeva
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Chan Microbiome in Public Health Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Meghan H MacDonald
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Chan Microbiome in Public Health Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wendy S Garrett
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Chan Microbiome in Public Health Center, Boston, MA, USA.
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
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Fang L, Zhang Y, Cheng L, Zheng H, Wang Y, Qin L, Cai Y, Cheng L, Zhou W, Liu F, Wang S. Silica nanoparticles containing nano-silver and chlorhexidine to suppress Porphyromonas gingivalis biofilm and modulate multispecies biofilms toward healthy tendency. J Oral Microbiol 2024; 16:2361403. [PMID: 38847000 PMCID: PMC11155433 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2024.2361403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives This research first investigated the effect of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (nMS) carrying chlorhexidine and silver (nMS-nAg-Chx) on periodontitis-related biofilms. This study aimed to investigate (1) the antibacterial activity on Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) biofilm; (2) the suppressing effect on virulence of P. gingivalis biofilm; (3) the regulating effect on periodontitis-related multispecies biofilm. Methods Silver nanoparticles (nAg) and chlorhexidine (Chx) were co-loaded into nMS to form nMS-nAg-Chx. Inhibitory zone test and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against P. gingivalis were tested. Growth curves, crystal violet (CV) staining, live/dead staining and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation were performed. Biofilm virulence was assessed. The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and Quantitative Real Time-PCR (qPCR) were performed to validate the activity and composition changes of multispecies biofilm (P. gingivalis, Streptococcus gordonii and Streptococcus sanguinis). Results nMS-nAg-Chx inhibited P. gingivalis biofilm dose-dependently (p<0.05), with MIC of 18.75 µg/mL. There were fewer live bacteria, less biomass and less virulence in nMS-nAg-Chx groups (p<0.05). nMS-nAg-Chx inhibited and modified periodontitis-related biofilms. The proportion of pathogenic bacteria decreased from 16.08 to 1.07% and that of helpful bacteria increased from 82.65 to 94.31% in 25 μg/mL nMS-nAg-Chx group for 72 h. Conclusions nMS-nAg-Chx inhibited P. gingivalis growth, decreased biofilm virulence and modulated periodontitis-related multispecies biofilms toward healthy tendency. pH-sensitive nMS-nAg-Chx inhibit the pathogens and regulate oral microecology, showing great potential in periodontitis adjunctive therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixin Fang
- Stomatology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- The Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yishuang Zhang
- Stomatology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- The Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Long Cheng
- Stomatology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- The Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hao Zheng
- Stomatology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- The Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yiyi Wang
- Stomatology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- The Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lu Qin
- Stomatology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- The Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yingchun Cai
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wen Zhou
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key lab of Fujian College and University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Stomatology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Suping Wang
- Stomatology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Wu P, Bie M, Zhou J, Wang J, Zhao L. Periodontal pathogen Fusobacterium nucleatum infection accelerates hepatic steatosis in high-fat diet-fed ApoE knockout mice by inhibiting Nrf2/Keap1 signaling. J Periodontal Res 2024. [PMID: 38795023 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/27/2024]
Abstract
AIMS This study sought to explore the impact of Fusobacterium nucleatum on hepatic steatosis in apolipoprotein E (ApoE) knockout (KO) mice induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) and elucidate the underlying mechanism. METHODS ApoE KO mice, on a HFD, received F. nucleatum oral inoculation every other day. After 24 weeks, body weight, liver weight, and liver index were assessed. Serum biochemistry and pro-inflammatory factors in serum and liver were analyzed. The histopathology of right maxilla and live were performed. Oil red O, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence staining for the liver were conducted. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, apoptosis, lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS), ROS, lipid peroxides, and hepatic lipids were also evaluated. Liver inflammation, fibrosis, de novo lipogenesis (DNL)-related molecule, and Nrf2/Keap1-related signaling molecule gene/protein expression were determined by real-time PCR (RT-PCR) and/or Western blot (WB) analysis. RESULTS HFD-fed ApoE KO mice infected by F. nucleatum demonstrated significant changes, including increased body and liver weight, elevated proinflammatory factors and lipids in serum and liver, as well as neutrophil infiltration, fibrosis, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and lipid peroxidation in the liver. Additionally, F. nucleatum stimulates hepatic lipid accumulation and activates de novo lipogenesis (DNL), while simultaneously suppressing the Nrf2/Keap1 antioxidant pathway. CONCLUSION In conclusion, our study reveals that oral inoculation of F. nucleatum might promote hepatic steatosis by inhibiting Nrf2/Keap1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Periodontics, West China School & Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengyao Bie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Periodontics, West China School & Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jieyu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Periodontics, West China School & Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Periodontics, West China School & Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Periodontics, West China School & Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Lamont RJ, Kuboniwa M. The polymicrobial pathogenicity of Porphyromonas gingivalis. FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH 2024; 5:1404917. [PMID: 38736461 PMCID: PMC11082793 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2024.1404917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Accumulating microbiome data and mechanistic studies in vitro and in vivo have refined our understanding of the oral microbiota as a functionally integrated polymicrobial community. Emergent properties of these communities are driven to a large extent by interspecies communication which can be based on physical association, secreted small molecules or nutritional exchange. Porphyromonas gingivalis is a consensus periodontal pathogen; however, virulence is only expressed in the context of a polymicrobial community. Multivalent fimbriae mediate attachment to other oral species which can initiate a distinct transcriptional program in both constituents of the binding pair. P. gingivalis also responds to small molecules and nutritional cues produced by partner organisms. Physiological interdependence forms the basis of complex networks of cooperating organisms which begin to resemble an organismal entity exhibiting a spectrum of pathogenic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J. Lamont
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, School of Dentistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Masae Kuboniwa
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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Zhang S, Kong N, Wang Z, Zhang Y, Ni C, Li L, Wang H, Yang M, Yang W, Yan F. Nanochemistry of gold: from surface engineering to dental healthcare applications. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:3656-3686. [PMID: 38502089 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00894k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Advancements in nanochemistry have led to the development of engineered gold nanostructures (GNSs) with remarkable potential for a variety of dental healthcare applications. These innovative nanomaterials offer unique properties and functionalities that can significantly improve dental diagnostics, treatment, and overall oral healthcare applications. This review provides an overview of the latest advancements in the design, synthesis, and application of GNSs for dental healthcare applications. Engineered GNSs have emerged as versatile tools, demonstrating immense potential across different aspects of dentistry, including enhanced imaging and diagnosis, prevention, bioactive coatings, and targeted treatment of oral diseases. Key highlights encompass the precise control over GNSs' size, crystal structure, shape, and surface functionalization, enabling their integration into sensing, imaging diagnostics, drug delivery systems, and regenerative therapies. GNSs, with their exceptional biocompatibility and antimicrobial properties, have demonstrated efficacy in combating dental caries, periodontitis, peri-implantitis, and oral mucosal diseases. Additionally, they show great promise in the development of advanced sensing techniques for early diagnosis, such as nanobiosensor technology, while their role in targeted drug delivery, photothermal therapy, and immunomodulatory approaches has opened new avenues for oral cancer therapy. Challenges including long-term toxicity, biosafety, immune recognition, and personalized treatment are under rigorous investigation. As research at the intersection of nanotechnology and dentistry continues to thrive, this review highlights the transformative potential of engineered GNSs in revolutionizing dental healthcare, offering accurate, personalized, and minimally invasive solutions to address the oral health challenges of the modern era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Zhang
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Na Kong
- School of Life and Environmental Science, Centre for Sustainable Bioproducts, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Rubber Processing, Agricultural Products Processing Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Zezheng Wang
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yangheng Zhang
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Can Ni
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Lingjun Li
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Hongbin Wang
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, China
| | - Min Yang
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, China
| | - Wenrong Yang
- School of Life and Environmental Science, Centre for Sustainable Bioproducts, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.
| | - Fuhua Yan
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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Zhao D, Li MH, Pan T, Guo J, Li J, Shi C, Wang N, Huang H, Wang C, Yang G. Preventive and Therapeutic Potential of Streptococcus cristatus CA119 in Experimental Periodontitis in Rats. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024:10.1007/s12602-024-10254-y. [PMID: 38607584 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-024-10254-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Periodontitis is an inflammatory condition of the oral cavity caused by a mixed infection of various bacteria, which not only severely affects the alveolar bone and connective tissues but also displays potential correlations with distal intestinal inflammation. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the therapeutic effects of Streptococcus cristatus CA119 on experimental periodontitis in rats and its impact on intestinal morphology. The results demonstrate that CA119 is capable of colonizing the oral cavity and exerting antagonistic effects on Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum, thus leading to a significant reduction in the oral pathogen load. Following CA119 intervention, there was a significant alleviation of weight loss in rats induced by periodontitis (P < 0.001). CA119 also regulated the expression of IL-6 (P < 0.05), IL-1β (P < 0.001), IL-18 (P < 0.001), COX-2 (P < 0.001), iNOS (P < 0.001), and MCP-1 (P < 0.01) in the gingival tissue. Additionally, CA119 reduced oxidative stress levels in rats and enhanced their antioxidant capacity. Microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) and histological analysis revealed that CA119 significantly reduced alveolar bone loss and reversed the downregulation of OPG/RANKL (P < 0.001). Furthermore, CA119 exhibited a significant protective effect against intestinal inflammation induced by periodontal disease and improved the colonic morphology in rats. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the role of CA119 as a potential oral probiotic in the prevention and treatment of experimental periodontitis, underscoring the potential of probiotics as a complementary approach to traditional periodontal care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyu Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Ming-Han Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Tianxu Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Jialin Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Junyi Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Chunwei Shi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Nan Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Haibin Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Chunfeng Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.
| | - Guilian Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.
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Mermans F, De Baets H, García-Timermans C, Teughels W, Boon N. Unlocking the mechanism of action: a cost-effective flow cytometry approach for accelerating antimicrobial drug development. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0393123. [PMID: 38483479 PMCID: PMC10986550 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03931-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is one of the greatest challenges to global health. While the development of new antimicrobials can combat resistance, low profitability reduces the number of new compounds brought to market. Elucidating the mechanism of action is crucial for developing new antimicrobials. This can become expensive as there are no universally applicable pipelines. Phenotypic heterogeneity of microbial populations resulting from antimicrobial treatment can be captured through flow cytometric fingerprinting. Since antimicrobials are classified into limited groups, the mechanism of action of known compounds can be used for predictive modeling. We demonstrate a cost-effective flow cytometry approach for determining the mechanism of action of new compounds. Cultures of Actinomyces viscosus and Fusobacterium nucleatum were treated with different antimicrobials and measured by flow cytometry. A Gaussian mixture mask was applied over the data to construct phenotypic fingerprints. Fingerprints were used to assess statistical differences between mechanism of action groups and to train random forest classifiers. Classifiers were then used to predict the mechanism of action of cephalothin. Statistical differences were found among the different mechanisms of action groups. Pairwise comparison showed statistical differences for 35 out of 45 pairs for A. viscosus and for 32 out of 45 pairs for F. nucleatum after 3.5 h of treatment. The best-performing random forest classifier yielded a Matthews correlation coefficient of 0.92 and the mechanism of action of cephalothin could be successfully predicted. These findings suggest that flow cytometry can be a cheap and fast alternative for determining the mechanism of action of new antimicrobials.IMPORTANCEIn the context of the emerging threat of antimicrobial resistance, the development of novel antimicrobials is a commonly employed strategy to combat resistance. Elucidating the mechanism of action of novel compounds is crucial in this development but can become expensive, as no universally applicable pipelines currently exist. We present a novel flow cytometry-based approach capable of determining the mechanism of action swiftly and cost-effectively. The workflow aims to accelerate drug discovery and could help facilitate a more targeted approach for antimicrobial treatment of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Mermans
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, KU Leuven & Dentistry (Periodontology), University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hanna De Baets
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Cristina García-Timermans
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Wim Teughels
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, KU Leuven & Dentistry (Periodontology), University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nico Boon
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
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10
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Parmar D, Rosado-Rosa JM, Shrout JD, Sweedler JV. Metabolic insights from mass spectrometry imaging of biofilms: A perspective from model microorganisms. Methods 2024; 224:21-34. [PMID: 38295894 PMCID: PMC11149699 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2024.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Biofilms are dense aggregates of bacterial colonies embedded inside a self-produced polymeric matrix. Biofilms have received increasing attention in medical, industrial, and environmental settings due to their enhanced survival. Their characterization using microscopy techniques has revealed the presence of structural and cellular heterogeneity in many bacterial systems. However, these techniques provide limited chemical detail and lack information about the molecules important for bacterial communication and virulence. Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) bridges the gap by generating spatial chemical information with unmatched chemical detail, making it an irreplaceable analytical platform in the multi-modal imaging of biofilms. In the last two decades, over 30 species of biofilm-forming bacteria have been studied using MSI in different environments. The literature conveys both analytical advancements and an improved understanding of the effects of environmental variables such as host surface characteristics, antibiotics, and other species of microorganisms on biofilms. This review summarizes the insights from frequently studied model microorganisms. We share a detailed list of organism-wide metabolites, commonly observed mass spectral adducts, culture conditions, strains of bacteria, substrate, broad problem definition, and details of the MS instrumentation, such as ionization sources and matrix, to facilitate future studies. We also compared the spatial characteristics of the secretome under different study designs to highlight changes because of various environmental influences. In addition, we highlight the current limitations of MSI in relation to biofilm characterization to enable cross-comparison between experiments. Overall, MSI has emerged to become an important approach for the spatial/chemical characterization of bacterial biofilms and its use will continue to grow as MSI becomes more accessible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharmeshkumar Parmar
- Department of Chemistry and Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Joenisse M Rosado-Rosa
- Department of Chemistry and Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Joshua D Shrout
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, United States; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, United States
| | - Jonathan V Sweedler
- Department of Chemistry and Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States.
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11
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Vang D, Moreira-Souza ACA, Zusman N, Moncada G, Matshik Dakafay H, Asadi H, Ojcius DM, Almeida-da-Silva CLC. Frankincense ( Boswellia serrata) Extract Effects on Growth and Biofilm Formation of Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Its Intracellular Infection in Human Gingival Epithelial Cells. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:2991-3004. [PMID: 38666917 PMCID: PMC11049348 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46040187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Frankincense is produced by Boswellia trees, which can be found throughout the Middle East and parts of Africa and Asia. Boswellia serrata extract has been shown to have anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial effects. Periodontitis is an oral chronic inflammatory disease that affects nearly half of the US population. We investigated the antimicrobial effects of B. serrata extract on two oral pathogens associated with periodontitis. Using the minimum inhibitory concentration and crystal violet staining methods, we demonstrated that Porphyromonas gingivalis growth and biofilm formation were impaired by treatment with B. serrata extracts. However, the effects on Fusobacterium nucleatum growth and biofilm formation were not significant. Using quantification of colony-forming units and microscopy techniques, we also showed that concentrations of B. serrata that were not toxic for host cells decreased intracellular P. gingivalis infection in human gingival epithelial cells. Our results show antimicrobial activity of a natural product extracted from Boswellia trees (B. serrata) against periodontopathogens. Thus, B. serrata has the potential for preventing and/or treating periodontal diseases. Future studies will identify the molecular components of B. serrata extracts responsible for the beneficial effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Vang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA 94103, USA; (D.V.); (A.C.A.M.-S.); (G.M.); (H.M.D.); (H.A.); (D.M.O.)
| | - Aline Cristina Abreu Moreira-Souza
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA 94103, USA; (D.V.); (A.C.A.M.-S.); (G.M.); (H.M.D.); (H.A.); (D.M.O.)
| | - Nicholas Zusman
- Dental Surgery Program, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA 94103, USA;
| | - German Moncada
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA 94103, USA; (D.V.); (A.C.A.M.-S.); (G.M.); (H.M.D.); (H.A.); (D.M.O.)
| | - Harmony Matshik Dakafay
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA 94103, USA; (D.V.); (A.C.A.M.-S.); (G.M.); (H.M.D.); (H.A.); (D.M.O.)
| | - Homer Asadi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA 94103, USA; (D.V.); (A.C.A.M.-S.); (G.M.); (H.M.D.); (H.A.); (D.M.O.)
| | - David M. Ojcius
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA 94103, USA; (D.V.); (A.C.A.M.-S.); (G.M.); (H.M.D.); (H.A.); (D.M.O.)
| | - Cassio Luiz Coutinho Almeida-da-Silva
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA 94103, USA; (D.V.); (A.C.A.M.-S.); (G.M.); (H.M.D.); (H.A.); (D.M.O.)
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12
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Sikdar R, Beauclaire MV, Lima BP, Herzberg MC, Elias MH. N-acyl homoserine lactone signaling modulates bacterial community associated with human dental plaque. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.15.585217. [PMID: 38559107 PMCID: PMC10980036 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.15.585217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
N-acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs) are small diffusible signaling molecules that mediate a cell density-dependent bacterial communication system known as quorum sensing (QS). AHL-mediated QS regulates gene expression to control many critical bacterial behaviors including biofilm formation, pathogenicity, and antimicrobial resistance. Dental plaque is a complex multispecies oral biofilm formed by successive colonization of the tooth surface by groups of commensal, symbiotic, and pathogenic bacteria, which can contribute to tooth decay and periodontal diseases. While the existence and roles of AHL-mediated QS in oral microbiota have been debated, recent evidence indicates that AHLs play significant roles in oral biofilm development and community dysbiosis. The underlying mechanisms, however, remain poorly characterized. To better understand the importance of AHL signaling in dental plaque formation, we manipulated AHL signaling by adding AHL lactonases or exogenous AHL signaling molecules. We find that AHLs can be detected in dental plaque grown under 5% CO2 conditions, but not when grown under anaerobic conditions, and yet anaerobic cultures are still responsive to AHLs. QS signal disruption using lactonases leads to changes in microbial population structures in both planktonic and biofilm states, changes that are dependent on the substrate preference of the used lactonase but mainly result in the increase in the abundance of commensal and pioneer colonizer species. Remarkably, the opposite manipulation, that is the addition of exogenous AHLs increases the abundance of late colonizer bacterial species. Hence, this work highlights the importance of AHL-mediated QS in dental plaque communities, its potential different roles in anaerobic and aerobic parts of dental plaque, and underscores the potential of QS interference in the control of periodontal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Sikdar
- Biotechnology Institute, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Mai V. Beauclaire
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Bruno P. Lima
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Mark C. Herzberg
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Mikael H. Elias
- Biotechnology Institute, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA
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13
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Hara T, Sakanaka A, Lamont RJ, Amano A, Kuboniwa M. Interspecies metabolite transfer fuels the methionine metabolism of Fusobacterium nucleatum to stimulate volatile methyl mercaptan production. mSystems 2024; 9:e0076423. [PMID: 38289043 PMCID: PMC10878106 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00764-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The major oral odor compound methyl mercaptan (CH3SH) is strongly associated with halitosis and periodontitis. CH3SH production stems from the metabolism of polymicrobial communities in periodontal pockets and on the tongue dorsum. However, understanding of CH3SH-producing oral bacteria and their interactions is limited. This study aimed to investigate CH3SH production by major oral bacteria and the impact of interspecies interactions on its generation. Using a newly constructed large-volume anaerobic noncontact coculture system, Fusobacterium nucleatum was found to be a potent producer of CH3SH, with that production stimulated by metabolic interactions with Streptococcus gordonii, an early dental plaque colonizer. Furthermore, analysis of extracellular amino acids using an S. gordonii arginine-ornithine antiporter (ArcD) mutant demonstrated that ornithine excreted from S. gordonii is a key contributor to increased CH3SH production by F. nucleatum. Further study with 13C, 15N-methionine, as well as gene expression analysis, revealed that ornithine secreted by S. gordonii increased the demand for methionine through accelerated polyamine synthesis by F. nucleatum, leading to elevated methionine pathway activity and CH3SH production. Collectively, these findings suggest that interaction between S. gordonii and F. nucleatum plays a key role in CH3SH production, providing a new insight into the mechanism of CH3SH generation in oral microbial communities. A better understanding of the underlying interactions among oral bacteria involved in CH3SH generation can lead to the development of more appropriate prophylactic approaches to treat halitosis and periodontitis. An intervention approach like selectively disrupting this interspecies network could also offer a powerful therapeutic strategy.IMPORTANCEHalitosis can have a significant impact on the social life of affected individuals. Among oral odor compounds, CH3SH has a low olfactory threshold and halitosis is a result of its production. Recently, there has been a growing interest in the collective properties of oral polymicrobial communities, regarded as important for the development of oral diseases, which are shaped by physical and metabolic interactions among community participants. However, it has yet to be investigated whether interspecies interactions have an impact on the production of volatile compounds, leading to the development of halitosis. The present findings provide mechanistic insights indicating that ornithine, a metabolite excreted by Streptococcus gordonii, promotes polyamine synthesis by Fusobacterium nucleatum, resulting in a compensatory increase in demand for methionine, which results in elevated methionine pathway activity and CH3SH production. Elucidation of the mechanisms related to CH3SH production is expected to lead to the development of new strategies for managing halitosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Hara
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Advanced Technology Institute, Mandom Corporation, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akito Sakanaka
- Department of Preventive Density, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Richard J. Lamont
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, School of Dentistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Atsuo Amano
- Department of Preventive Density, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masae Kuboniwa
- Department of Preventive Density, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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14
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Qiu C, Zhou W, Shen H, Wang J, Tang R, Wang T, Xie X, Hong B, Ren R, Wang G, Song Z. Profiles of subgingival microbiomes and gingival crevicular metabolic signatures in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Res Ther 2024; 16:41. [PMID: 38373985 PMCID: PMC10875772 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-024-01402-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between periodontitis and Alzheimer's disease (AD) has attracted more attention recently, whereas profiles of subgingival microbiomes and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) metabolic signatures in AD patients have rarely been characterized; thus, little evidence exists to support the oral-brain axis hypothesis. Therefore, our study aimed to characterize both the microbial community of subgingival plaque and the metabolomic profiles of GCF in patients with AD and amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) for the first time. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study. Clinical examinations were performed on all participants. The microbial community of subgingival plaque and the metabolomic profiles of GCF were characterized using the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene high-throughput sequencing and liquid chromatography linked to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis, respectively. RESULTS Thirty-two patients with AD, 32 patients with aMCI, and 32 cognitively normal people were enrolled. The severity of periodontitis was significantly increased in AD patients compared with aMCI patients and cognitively normal people. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing results showed that the relative abundances of 16 species in subgingival plaque were significantly correlated with cognitive function, and LC-MS/MS analysis identified a total of 165 differentially abundant metabolites in GCF. Moreover, multiomics Data Integration Analysis for Biomarker discovery using Latent cOmponents (DIABLO) analysis revealed that 19 differentially abundant metabolites were significantly correlated with Veillonella parvula, Dialister pneumosintes, Leptotrichia buccalis, Pseudoleptotrichia goodfellowii, and Actinomyces massiliensis, in which galactinol, sn-glycerol 3-phosphoethanolamine, D-mannitol, 1 h-indole-1-pentanoic acid, 3-(1-naphthalenylcarbonyl)- and L-iditol yielded satisfactory accuracy for the predictive diagnosis of AD progression. CONCLUSIONS This is the first combined subgingival microbiome and GCF metabolome study in patients with AD and aMCI, which revealed that periodontal microbial dysbiosis and metabolic disorders may be involved in the etiology and progression of AD, and the differential abundance of the microbiota and metabolites may be useful as potential markers for AD in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Che Qiu
- Department of Periodontology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Zhizaoju Road No.639, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
- National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Zhizaoju Road No.639, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhou
- National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Zhizaoju Road No.639, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Jinzun Road No.115, Pudong District, Shanghai, 200125, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Shen
- Department of Periodontology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Zhizaoju Road No.639, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
- National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Zhizaoju Road No.639, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Jintao Wang
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Ruijin 2nd Road No.197, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Tang
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Ruijin 2nd Road No.197, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, South Wanping Road No.600, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyi Xie
- Department of Periodontology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Zhizaoju Road No.639, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
- National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Zhizaoju Road No.639, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Hong
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, South Wanping Road No.600, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200030, People's Republic of China
| | - Rujing Ren
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Ruijin 2nd Road No.197, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Ruijin 2nd Road No.197, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhongchen Song
- Department of Periodontology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Zhizaoju Road No.639, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China.
- National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Zhizaoju Road No.639, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Baker JL, Mark Welch JL, Kauffman KM, McLean JS, He X. The oral microbiome: diversity, biogeography and human health. Nat Rev Microbiol 2024; 22:89-104. [PMID: 37700024 PMCID: PMC11084736 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-023-00963-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
The human oral microbiota is highly diverse and has a complex ecology, comprising bacteria, microeukaryotes, archaea and viruses. These communities have elaborate and highly structured biogeography that shapes metabolic exchange on a local scale and results from the diverse microenvironments present in the oral cavity. The oral microbiota also interfaces with the immune system of the human host and has an important role in not only the health of the oral cavity but also systemic health. In this Review, we highlight recent advances including novel insights into the biogeography of several oral niches at the species level, as well as the ecological role of candidate phyla radiation bacteria and non-bacterial members of the oral microbiome. In addition, we summarize the relationship between the oral microbiota and the pathology of oral diseases and systemic diseases. Together, these advances move the field towards a more holistic understanding of the oral microbiota and its role in health, which in turn opens the door to the study of novel preventive and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathon L Baker
- Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- UC San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jessica L Mark Welch
- The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Xuesong He
- The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
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16
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Liang Y, Wang B, Yu Q, Wang W, Ge S, Shao J. Ebselen Optimized the Therapeutic Effects of Silver Nanoparticles for Periodontal Treatment. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:8113-8130. [PMID: 38169981 PMCID: PMC10759458 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s434579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) possess excellent antibacterial effects on periodontal pathogens, but their clinical application is limited mainly due to their cytotoxicity through inducing oxidative stress in human cells. Ebselen disrupts the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging in bacteria and relieves oxidative stress in mammalian cells. This study aimed to assess the antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects of AgNPs and ebselen as well as the protective effect of ebselen, to further provide the theoretical basis for their future application in periodontal treatment. Methods The antibacterial and anti-biofilm effects of the synthesized AgNPs combined with ebselen were assessed on Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis), Streptococcus gordonii (S. gordonii), and Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) in planktonic condition and as biofilms. In addition, the intracellular bactericidal efficiency of AgNPs and ebselen was evaluated in P. gingivalis-infected human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs). The cytotoxicity, intracellular ROS levels, and potential antioxidative enzymes were detected in HGFs treated with AgNPs and ebselen. Further, the anti-inflammatory effects were evaluated by in vitro and in vivo experiments. Results The combination of AgNPs and ebselen showed excellent antibacterial effects against planktonic P. gingivalis and F. nucleatum and synergistic antibiofilm effects on all mono- and multi-species biofilms. In addition, ebselen significantly enhanced the intracellular bactericidal efficiency of AgNPs. Furthermore, ebselen combined with up to 20 μg/mL AgNPs showed no obvious cytotoxicity to HGFs. Evidently, ebselen alleviated the AgNPs-induced ROS by increasing the levels of glutathione and superoxide dismutase 2. Moreover, AgNPs and ebselen together declined the release of P. gingivalis-stimulated inflammatory cytokines both in vitro and in vivo, and reduced alveolar bone resorption effectively. Conclusion AgNPs combined with ebselen would be an effective adjuvant for periodontal treatment owing to their synergistic antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Liang
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bing Wang
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing Yu
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weijia Wang
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shaohua Ge
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinlong Shao
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People’s Republic of China
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17
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Valadbeigi H, Khoshnood S, Negahdari B, Maleki A, Mohammadinejat M, Haddadi MH. Mixed oral biofilms are controlled by the interspecies interactions of Fusobacterium nucleatum. Oral Dis 2023. [PMID: 38009960 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) is an integral component of supra- and subgingival biofilms, especially more prevalent in subgingival areas during both periodontal health and disease. AIMS In this review, we explore the physical, metabolic, and genetic interactions that influence the role of F. nucleatum in the formation of mixed oral biofilms. The role of F. nucleatum in antibiotic resistance in oral biofilms was discussed and some therapeutic strategies were proposed. METHODS PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and the Web of Science were extensively searched for English-language reports. RESULTS F. nucleatum-derived proteins such as RadD, Fap2, FomA, and CmpA are involved in direct interactions contributing to biofilm formation, while autoinducer-2 and putrescine are involved in metabolic interactions. Both groups are essential for the formation and persistence of oral biofilms. This study highlights the clinical relevance of targeted interactions of F. nucleatum in supra- and subgingival oral biofilms. CONCLUSIONS By focusing on these interactions, researchers and clinicians can develop more effective strategies to prevent biofilm-related disease and reduce the spread of antibiotic resistance. Further research in this area is warranted to explore the potential therapeutic interventions that can be derived from understanding the interactions of F. nucleatum in oral biofilm dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Valadbeigi
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Saeed Khoshnood
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Babak Negahdari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Maleki
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Medya Mohammadinejat
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, North-Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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18
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Qian Y, Kang Z, Zhao L, Chen H, Zhou C, Gao Q, Wang Z, Liu Q, Cui Y, Li X, Chen Y, Zou T, Fang J. Berberine might block colorectal carcinogenesis by inhibiting the regulation of B-cell function by Veillonella parvula. Chin Med J (Engl) 2023; 136:2722-2731. [PMID: 37553874 PMCID: PMC10684188 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal carcinogenesis and progression are related to the gut microbiota and the tumor immune microenvironment. Our previous clinical trial demonstrated that berberine (BBR) hydrochloride might reduce the recurrence and canceration of colorectal adenoma (CRA). The present study aimed to further explore the mechanism of BBR in preventing colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS We performed metagenomics sequencing on fecal specimens obtained from the BBR intervention trial, and the differential bacteria before and after medication were validated using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. We further performed ApcMin/+ animal intervention tests, RNA sequencing, flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. RESULTS The abundance of fecal Veillonella parvula ( V . parvula ) decreased significantly after BBR administration ( P = 0.0016) and increased through the development from CRA to CRC. Patients with CRC with a higher V. parvula abundance had worse tumor staging and a higher lymph node metastasis rate. The intestinal immune pathway of Immunoglobulin A production was activated, and the expression of TNFSF13B (Tumor necrosis factor superfamily 13b, encoding B lymphocyte stimulator [BLyS]), the representative gene of this pathway, and the genes encoding its receptors (interleukin-10 and transforming growth factor beta) were significantly upregulated. Animal experiments revealed that V. parvula promoted colorectal carcinogenesis and increased BLyS levels, while BBR reversed this effect. CONCLUSION BBR might inhibit V. parvula and further weaken the immunomodulatory effect of B cells induced by V. parvula , thereby blocking the development of colorectal tumors. TRIAL REGISTRAION ClinicalTrials.gov, No. NCT02226185.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Qian
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Ziran Kang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Licong Zhao
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Huimin Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Chengbei Zhou
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Qinyan Gao
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of Pathology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Yun Cui
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Xiaobo Li
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Yingxuan Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Tianhui Zou
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Jingyuan Fang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China
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19
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Shen B, Yang L, Xu H, Zhang Y, Ming D, Zhu L, Wang Y, Jiang L. Detection and treatment of biofilm-induced periodontitis by histidine-doped FeSN nanozyme with ultra-high peroxidase-like activity. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 650:211-221. [PMID: 37402327 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.06.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Pathogenic biofilm induced oral diseases have posed a significant treat to human health, such as periodontitis resulting from the formation of bacterial biofilm on teeth and gums. The traditional treatment methods such as mechanical debridement and antibiotic therapy encounter the poor therapeutic effect. Recently, numerous nanozymes with excellent antibacterial effect have been widely used in the treatment of oral diseases. In this study, a novel iron-based nanozyme (FeSN) generated by histidine-doped FeS2 with high peroxidase-like (POD-like) activity was designed for the oral biofilm removal and treatment of periodontitis. FeSN exhibited an extremely high POD-like activity, and enzymatic reaction kinetics and theoretical calculations had demonstrated its catalytic efficiency to be approximately 30 times than that of FeS2. The antibacterial experiments showed that FeSN had robust antibacterial activity against Fusobacterium nucleatum in the presence of H2O2, causing a reduction in the levels of glutathione reductase and ATP in bacterial cells, while increasing the level of oxidase coenzyme. The ultrahigh POD-like activity of FeSN allowed for easy detection of pathogenic biofilms and promoted the breakdown of biofilm structure. Furthermore, FeSN demonstrated excellent biocompatibility and low cytotoxicity to human fibroblast cells. In a rat model of periodontitis, FeSN exhibited significant therapeutic effects by reducing the extent of biofilm formation, inflammation, and alveolar bone loss. Taken together, our results suggested that FeSN, generated by self-assembly of two amino acids, represented a promising approach for biofilm removal and periodontitis treatment. This method has the potential to overcome the limitations of current treatments and provide an effective alternative for periodontitis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Shen
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Lei Yang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Hengyue Xu
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yangheng Zhang
- Department of Periodontology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Dengming Ming
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Liying Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Yuxian Wang
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Ling Jiang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
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20
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Zuber P, Kreth J. Aspects of oral streptococcal metabolic diversity: Imagining the landscape beneath the fog. Mol Microbiol 2023; 120:508-524. [PMID: 37329112 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.15106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
It is widely acknowledged that the human-associated microbial community influences host physiology, systemic health, disease progression, and even behavior. There is currently an increased interest in the oral microbiome, which occupies the entryway to much of what the human initially encounters from the environment. In addition to the dental pathology that results from a dysbiotic microbiome, microbial activity within the oral cavity exerts significant systemic effects. The composition and activity of the oral microbiome is influenced by (1) host-microbial interactions, (2) the emergence of niche-specific microbial "ecotypes," and (3) numerous microbe-microbe interactions, shaping the underlying microbial metabolic landscape. The oral streptococci are central players in the microbial activity ongoing in the oral cavity, due to their abundance and prevalence in the oral environment and the many interspecies interactions in which they participate. Streptococci are major determinants of a healthy homeostatic oral environment. The metabolic activities of oral Streptococci, particularly the metabolism involved in energy generation and regeneration of oxidative resources vary among the species and are important factors in niche-specific adaptations and intra-microbiome interactions. Here we summarize key differences among streptococcal central metabolic networks and species-specific differences in how the key glycolytic intermediates are utilized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Zuber
- Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Jens Kreth
- School of Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
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21
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G C B, Zhou P, Naha A, Gu J, Wu C. Development of a xylose-inducible promoter and riboswitch combination system for manipulating gene expression in Fusobacterium nucleatum. Appl Environ Microbiol 2023; 89:e0066723. [PMID: 37695289 PMCID: PMC10537658 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00667-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Inducible gene expression systems are important for studying bacterial gene function, yet most exhibit leakage. In this study, we engineered a leakage-free hybrid system for precise gene expression controls in Fusobacterium nucleatum by integrating the xylose-inducible expression system with the theophylline-responsive riboswitch. This innovative method enables concurrent control of target gene expression at both transcription and translation initiation levels. Using luciferase and the indole-producing enzyme tryptophanase (TnaA) as reporters, we demonstrated that the hybrid system displays virtually no observable signal in the absence of inducers. We employed this system to express FtsX, a protein related to fusobacterial cytokinesis, in an ftsX mutant strain, unveiling a dose-dependent manner in FtsX production. Without inducers, cells form long filaments, while increasing FtsX levels by increasing inducer concentrations led to a gradual reduction in cell length until normal morphology was restored. Crucially, this system facilitated essential gene investigation, identifying the signal peptidase lepB gene as vital for F. nucleatum. LepB's essentiality stems from depletion, affecting outer membrane biogenesis and cell division. This novel hybrid system holds the potential for advancing research on essential genes and accurate gene regulation in F. nucleatum. IMPORTANCE Fusobacterium nucleatum, an anaerobic bacterium prevalent in the human oral cavity, is strongly linked to periodontitis and can colonize areas beyond the oral cavity, such as the placenta and gastrointestinal tract, causing adverse pregnancy outcomes and promoting colorectal cancer growth. Given F. nucleatum's clinical significance, research is underway to develop targeted therapies to inhibit its growth or eradicate the bacterium specifically. Essential genes, crucial for bacterial survival, growth, and reproduction, are promising drug targets. A leak-free-inducible gene expression system is needed for studying these genes, enabling conditional gene knockouts and elucidating the importance of those essential genes. Our study identified lepB as the essential gene by first generating a conditional gene mutation in F. nucleatum. Combining a xylose-inducible system with a riboswitch facilitated the analysis of essential genes in F. nucleatum, paving the way for potential drug development targeting this bacterium for various clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bibek G C
- Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Peng Zhou
- Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Arindam Naha
- Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jianhua Gu
- Houston Methodist Hospital Research Institute, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Chenggang Wu
- Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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22
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Lamont RJ, Hajishengallis G, Koo H. Social networking at the microbiome-host interface. Infect Immun 2023; 91:e0012423. [PMID: 37594277 PMCID: PMC10501221 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00124-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial species colonizing host ecosystems in health or disease rarely do so alone. Organisms conglomerate into dynamic heterotypic communities or biofilms in which interspecies and interkingdom interactions drive functional specialization of constituent species and shape community properties, including nososymbiocity or pathogenic potential. Cell-to-cell binding, exchange of signaling molecules, and nutritional codependencies can all contribute to the emergent properties of these communities. Spatial constraints defined by community architecture also determine overall community function. Multilayered interactions thus occur between individual pairs of organisms, and the relative impact can be determined by contextual cues. Host responses to heterotypic communities and impact on host surfaces are also driven by the collective action of the community. Additionally, the range of interspecies interactions can be extended by bacteria utilizing host cells or host diet to indirectly or directly influence the properties of other organisms and the community microenvironment. In contexts where communities transition to a dysbiotic state, their quasi-organismal nature imparts adaptability to nutritional availability and facilitates resistance to immune effectors and, moreover, exploits inflammatory and acidic microenvironments for their persistence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J. Lamont
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, School of Dentistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - George Hajishengallis
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Inflammation, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Hyun Koo
- Department of Orthodontics and Divisions of Pediatric Dentistry and Community Oral Health, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Biofilm Research Laboratories, Center for Innovation & Precision Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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23
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Nawab S, Bao Q, Ji LH, Luo Q, Fu X, Fan S, Deng Z, Ma W. The Pathogenicity of Fusobacterium nucleatum Modulated by Dietary Fibers-A Possible Missing Link between the Dietary Composition and the Risk of Colorectal Cancer. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2004. [PMID: 37630564 PMCID: PMC10458976 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11082004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The dietary composition has been approved to be strongly associated with the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), one of the most serious malignancies worldwide, through regulating the gut microbiota structure, thereby influencing the homeostasis of colonic epithelial cells by producing carcinogens, i.e., ammonia or antitumor metabolites, like butyrate. Though butyrate-producing Fusobacterium nucleatum has been considered a potential tumor driver associated with chemotherapy resistance and poor prognosis in CRC, it was more frequently identified in the gut microbiota of healthy individuals rather than CRC tumor tissues. First, within the concentration range tested, the fermentation broth of F. nucleatum exhibited no significant effects on Caco-2 and NCM460 cells viability except for a notable up-regulation of the expression of TLR4 (30.70%, p < 0.0001) and Myc (47.67%, p = 0.021) and genes encoding proinflammatory cytokines including IL1B (197.57%, p < 0.0001), IL6 (1704.51%, p < 0.0001), and IL8 (897.05%, p < 0.0001) in Caco-2 cells exclusively. Although no marked effects of polydextrose or fibersol-2 on the growth of F. nucleatum, Caco-2 and NCM460 cells were observed, once culture media supplemented with polydextrose or fibersol-2, the corresponding fermentation broths of F. nucleatum significantly inhibited the growth of Caco-2 cells up to 48.90% (p = 0.0003, 72 h, 10%) and 52.96% (p = 0.0002, 72 h, 10%), respectively in a dose-dependent manner. These two kinds of fibers considerably promoted butyrate production of F. nucleatum up to 205.67% (p < 0.0001, 6% polydextrose at 24 h) and 153.46% (p = 0.0002, 6% fibersol-2 at 12 h), which explained why and how the fermentation broths of F. nucleatum cultured with fibers suppressing the growth of Caco-2 cells. Above findings indicated that dietary fiber determined F. nucleatum to be a carcinogenic or antitumor bacterium, and F. nucleatum played an important role in the association between the dietary composition, primarily the content of dietary fibers, and the risk of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadia Nawab
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Qelger Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Lin-Hua Ji
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Qian Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiang Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Shuxuan Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zixin Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Wei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
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24
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Robinson AV, Allen-Vercoe E. Strain specificity in fusobacterial co-aggregation with colorectal cancer-relevant species. Anaerobe 2023; 82:102758. [PMID: 37423597 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2023.102758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of the present study was to characterize co-aggregation interactions between isolates of Fusobacterium nucleatum subsp. animalis and other colorectal cancer (CRC)-relevant species. METHODS Co-aggregation interactions were assessed by comparing optical density values following 2-h stationary strain co-incubations to strain optical density values when incubated alone. Co-aggregation was characterized between strains from a previously isolated, CRC biopsy-derived community and F. nucleatum subsp. animalis, a species linked to CRC and known to be highly aggregative. Interactions were also investigated between the fusobacterial isolates and strains sourced from alternate human gastrointestinal samples whose closest species match aligned with species in the CRC biopsy-derived community. RESULTS Co-aggregation interactions were observed to be strain-specific, varying between both F. nucleatum subsp. animalis strains and different strains of the same co-aggregation partner species. F. nucleatum subsp. animalis strains were observed to co-aggregate strongly with several taxa linked to CRC: Campylobacter concisus, Gemella spp., Hungatella hathewayi, and Parvimonas micra. CONCLUSIONS Co-aggregation interactions suggest the ability to encourage the formation of biofilms, and colonic biofilms, in turn, have been linked to promotion and/or progression of CRC. Co-aggregation between F. nucleatum subsp. animalis and CRC-linked species such as C. concisus, Gemella spp., H. hathewayi, and P. micra may contribute to both biofilm formation along CRC lesions and to disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avery V Robinson
- University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd E, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada.
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25
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Pandey SD, Perpich JD, Stocke KS, Mansfield JM, Kikuchi Y, Yakoumatos L, Muszyński A, Azadi P, Tettelin H, Whiteley M, Uriarte SM, Bagaitkar J, Vickerman M, Lamont RJ. Impact of Polymicrobial Infection on Fitness of Streptococcus gordonii In Vivo. mBio 2023; 14:e0065823. [PMID: 37042761 PMCID: PMC10294625 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00658-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic microbial ecosystems are often polymicrobial, and interbacterial interactions drive emergent properties of these communities. In the oral cavity, Streptococcus gordonii is a foundational species in the development of plaque biofilms, which can contribute to periodontal disease and, after gaining access to the bloodstream, target remote sites such as heart valves. Here, we used a transposon sequencing (Tn-Seq) library of S. gordonii to identify genes that influence fitness in a murine abscess model, both as a monoinfection and as a coinfection with an oral partner species, Porphyromonas gingivalis. In the context of a monoinfection, conditionally essential genes were widely distributed among functional pathways. Coinfection with P. gingivalis almost completely changed the nature of in vivo gene essentiality. Community-dependent essential (CoDE) genes under the coinfection condition were primarily related to DNA replication, transcription, and translation, indicating that robust growth and replication are required to survive with P. gingivalis in vivo. Interestingly, a group of genes in an operon encoding streptococcal receptor polysaccharide (RPS) were associated with decreased fitness of S. gordonii in a coinfection with P. gingivalis. Individual deletion of two of these genes (SGO_2020 and SGO_2024) resulted in the loss of RPS production by S. gordonii and increased susceptibility to killing by neutrophils. P. gingivalis protected the RPS mutants by inhibiting neutrophil recruitment, degranulation, and neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation. These results provide insight into genes and functions that are important for S. gordonii survival in vivo and the nature of polymicrobial synergy with P. gingivalis. Furthermore, we show that RPS-mediated immune protection in S. gordonii is dispensable and detrimental in the presence of a synergistic partner species that can interfere with neutrophil killing mechanisms. IMPORTANCE Bacteria responsible for diseases originating at oral mucosal membranes assemble into polymicrobial communities. However, we know little regarding the fitness determinants of the organisms that initiate community formation. Here, we show that the extracellular polysaccharide of Streptococcus gordonii, while important for streptococcal survival as a monoinfection, is detrimental to survival in the context of a coinfection with Porphyromonas gingivalis. We found that the presence of P. gingivalis compensates for immune protective functions of extracellular polysaccharide, rendering production unnecessary. The results show that fitness determinants of bacteria in communities differ substantially from those of individual species in isolation. Furthermore, constituents of communities can undertake activities that relieve the burden of energetically costly biosynthetic reactions on partner species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satya D. Pandey
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - John D. Perpich
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Sullivan University, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Kendall S. Stocke
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Jillian M. Mansfield
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Yuichiro Kikuchi
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Lan Yakoumatos
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Artur Muszyński
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Parastoo Azadi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Hervé Tettelin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Marvin Whiteley
- School of Biological Sciences, Center for Microbial Dynamics and Infection, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Silvia M. Uriarte
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Juhi Bagaitkar
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Margaret Vickerman
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Richard J. Lamont
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
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Zhao LY, Mei JX, Yu G, Lei L, Zhang WH, Liu K, Chen XL, Kołat D, Yang K, Hu JK. Role of the gut microbiota in anticancer therapy: from molecular mechanisms to clinical applications. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:201. [PMID: 37179402 PMCID: PMC10183032 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01406-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In the past period, due to the rapid development of next-generation sequencing technology, accumulating evidence has clarified the complex role of the human microbiota in the development of cancer and the therapeutic response. More importantly, available evidence seems to indicate that modulating the composition of the gut microbiota to improve the efficacy of anti-cancer drugs may be feasible. However, intricate complexities exist, and a deep and comprehensive understanding of how the human microbiota interacts with cancer is critical to realize its full potential in cancer treatment. The purpose of this review is to summarize the initial clues on molecular mechanisms regarding the mutual effects between the gut microbiota and cancer development, and to highlight the relationship between gut microbes and the efficacy of immunotherapy, chemotherapy, radiation therapy and cancer surgery, which may provide insights into the formulation of individualized therapeutic strategies for cancer management. In addition, the current and emerging microbial interventions for cancer therapy as well as their clinical applications are summarized. Although many challenges remain for now, the great importance and full potential of the gut microbiota cannot be overstated for the development of individualized anti-cancer strategies, and it is necessary to explore a holistic approach that incorporates microbial modulation therapy in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Yong Zhao
- Department of General Surgery & Laboratory of Gastric Cancer, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Gastric Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jia-Xin Mei
- Department of General Surgery & Laboratory of Gastric Cancer, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Gastric Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Gang Yu
- Department of General Surgery & Laboratory of Gastric Cancer, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Gastric Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University; Frontier Innovation Center for Dental Medicine Plus, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei-Han Zhang
- Department of General Surgery & Laboratory of Gastric Cancer, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Gastric Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Department of General Surgery & Laboratory of Gastric Cancer, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Gastric Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao-Long Chen
- Department of General Surgery & Laboratory of Gastric Cancer, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Gastric Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Damian Kołat
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of General Surgery & Laboratory of Gastric Cancer, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
- Gastric Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Jian-Kun Hu
- Department of General Surgery & Laboratory of Gastric Cancer, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
- Gastric Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Senekowitsch S, Wietkamp E, Grimm M, Schmelter F, Schick P, Kordowski A, Sina C, Otzen H, Weitschies W, Smollich M. High-Dose Spermidine Supplementation Does Not Increase Spermidine Levels in Blood Plasma and Saliva of Healthy Adults: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Pharmacokinetic and Metabolomic Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081852. [PMID: 37111071 PMCID: PMC10143675 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Spermidine is a biogenic polyamine that plays a crucial role in mammalian metabolism. As spermidine levels decline with age, spermidine supplementation is suggested to prevent or delay age-related diseases. However, valid pharmacokinetic data regarding spermidine remains lacking. Therefore, for the first time, the present study investigated the pharmacokinetics of oral spermidine supplementation. (2) Methods: This study was designed as a randomized, placebo-controlled, triple-blinded, two-armed crossover trial with two 5-day intervention phases separated by a washout phase of 9 days. In 12 healthy volunteers, 15 mg/d of spermidine was administered orally, and blood and saliva samples were taken. Spermidine, spermine, and putrescine were quantified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The plasma metabolome was investigated using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabolomics. (3) Results: Compared with a placebo, spermidine supplementation significantly increased spermine levels in the plasma, but it did not affect spermidine or putrescine levels. No effect on salivary polyamine concentrations was observed. (4) Conclusions: This study's results suggest that dietary spermidine is presystemically converted into spermine, which then enters systemic circulation. Presumably, the in vitro and clinical effects of spermidine are at least in part attributable to its metabolite, spermine. It is rather unlikely that spermidine supplements with doses <15 mg/d exert any short-term effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Senekowitsch
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Eliza Wietkamp
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Michael Grimm
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Franziska Schmelter
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Philipp Schick
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Anna Kordowski
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christian Sina
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Hans Otzen
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Werner Weitschies
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Martin Smollich
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
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Wang W, Song Y, Tian Y, Chen B, Liang Y, Liang Y, Li C, Li Y. TCPP/MgO-loaded PLGA microspheres combining photodynamic antibacterial therapy with PBM-assisted fibroblast activation to treat periodontitis. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:2828-2844. [PMID: 36857622 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01959k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Bacteria eradication and subsequent periodontal tissue reconstruction is the primary task for periodontitis treatment. Commonly used antibiotic therapy suffers from antibiotic resistance. Meanwhile, promoting fibroblast activity is crucial for re-establishing a damaged periodontal structure. In addition to the fibroblast activation property of Mg2+, photobiomodulation (PBM) has recently attracted increasing attention in wound healing. Using the same 635 nm laser resource, PBM could simultaneously work with antibacterial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) to achieve antibacterial function and fibroblast activation effect. Herein, multifunctional microspheres were designed by employing poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres to load tetrakis (4-carboxyphenyl) porphyrin (TCPP) and magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles, named as PMT, with sustained Mg2+ release for 20 days. PMT achieved excellent antibacterial photodynamic effect for periodontal pathogens F. nucleatum and P. gingivalis by generating reactive oxygen species, which increases cell membrane permeability and destroys bacteria integrity to cause bacteria death. Meanwhile, PMT itself exhibited improved fibroblast viability and adhesion, with the PMT + light group revealing further activation of fibroblast cells, suggesting the coordinated action of Mg2+ and PBM effects. The underlying molecular mechanism might be the elevated gene expressions of Fibronectin 1, Col1a1, and Vinculin. In addition, the in vivo rat periodontitis model proved the superior therapeutic effects of PMT with laser illumination using micro-computed tomography analysis and histological staining, which presented decreased inflammatory cells, increased collagen production, and higher alveolar bone level in the PMT group. Our study sheds light on a promising strategy to fight periodontitis using versatile microspheres, which combine aPDT and PBM-assisted fibroblast activation functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanmeng Wang
- School of Dentistry, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
| | - Yunjia Song
- School of Dentistry, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
| | - Yuan Tian
- School of Dentistry, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
| | - Bo Chen
- School of Dentistry, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
| | - Yunkai Liang
- School of Dentistry, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
| | - Yu Liang
- School of Dentistry, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
| | - Changyi Li
- School of Dentistry, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
| | - Ying Li
- School of Dentistry, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
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29
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Yamaguchi-Kuroda Y, Kikuchi Y, Kokubu E, Ishihara K. Porphyromonas gingivalis diffusible signaling molecules enhance Fusobacterium nucleatum biofilm formation via gene expression modulation. J Oral Microbiol 2023; 15:2165001. [PMID: 36687169 PMCID: PMC9848294 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2023.2165001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Periodontitis is caused by a dysbiotic shift in the dental plaque microbiome. Fusobacterium nucleatum is involved in the colonization of Porphyromonas gingivalis, which plays a key role in dysbiosis, via coaggregation and synergy with this microorganism. Aim We investigated the effect of diffusible signaling molecules from P. gingivalis ATCC 33277 on F. nucleatum TDC 100 to elucidate the synergistic mechanisms involved in dysbiosis. Methods The two species were cocultured separated with an 0.4-µm membrane in tryptic soy broth, and F. nucleatum gene expression profiles in coculture with P. gingivalis were compared with those in monoculture. Results RNA sequencing revealed 139 genes differentially expressed between the coculture and monoculture. The expression of 52 genes was upregulated, including the coaggregation ligand-coding gene. Eighty-seven genes were downregulated. Gene Ontology analysis indicated enrichment for the glycogen synthesis pathway and a decrease in de novo synthesis of purine and pyrimidine. Conclusion These results indicate that diffusible signaling molecules from P. gingivalis induce metabolic changes in F. nucleatum, including an increase in polysaccharide synthesis and reduction in de novo synthesis of purine and pyrimidine. The metabolic changes may accelerate biofilm formation by F. nucleatum with P. gingivalis. Further, the alterations may represent potential therapeutic targets for preventing dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiko Yamaguchi-Kuroda
- Department of Endodontics, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Kanda-Misakicho, Tokyo 101-0061, Chiyoda-ku, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Kikuchi
- Department of Microbiology, Tokyo Dental College, 2-1-14 Kanda-Misakicho, Tokyo 101-0061, Chiyoda-ku, Japan
| | - Eitoyo Kokubu
- Department of Microbiology, Tokyo Dental College, 2-1-14 Kanda-Misakicho, Tokyo 101-0061, Chiyoda-ku, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Ishihara
- Department of Microbiology, Tokyo Dental College, 2-1-14 Kanda-Misakicho, Tokyo 101-0061, Chiyoda-ku, Japan,CONTACT Kazuyuki Ishihara Department of Microbiology, Tokyo Dental College, 2-1-14 Kanda-Misakicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo101-0061, Japan
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30
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Bessa LJ, Botelho J, Machado V, Alves R, Mendes JJ. Managing Oral Health in the Context of Antimicrobial Resistance. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph192416448. [PMID: 36554332 PMCID: PMC9778414 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192416448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The oral microbiome plays a major role in shaping oral health/disease state; thus, a main challenge for dental practitioners is to preserve or restore a balanced oral microbiome. Nonetheless, when pathogenic microorganisms install in the oral cavity and are incorporated into the oral biofilm, oral infections, such as gingivitis, dental caries, periodontitis, and peri-implantitis, can arise. Several prophylactic and treatment approaches are available nowadays, but most of them have been antibiotic-based. Given the actual context of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), antibiotic stewardship in dentistry would be a beneficial approach to optimize and avoid inappropriate or even unnecessary antibiotic use, representing a step towards precision medicine. Furthermore, the development of new effective treatment options to replace the need for antibiotics is being pursued, including the application of photodynamic therapy and the use of probiotics. In this review, we highlight the advances undergoing towards a better understanding of the oral microbiome and oral resistome. We also provide an updated overview of how dentists are adapting to better manage the treatment of oral infections given the problem of AMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucinda J. Bessa
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz—Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Caparica, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
| | - João Botelho
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz—Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Caparica, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), CiiEM, Egas Moniz—Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Caparica, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
- Evidence-Based Hub, CiiEM, Egas Moniz—Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Caparica, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
| | - Vanessa Machado
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz—Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Caparica, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), CiiEM, Egas Moniz—Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Caparica, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
- Evidence-Based Hub, CiiEM, Egas Moniz—Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Caparica, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Alves
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz—Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Caparica, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), CiiEM, Egas Moniz—Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Caparica, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
| | - José João Mendes
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz—Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Caparica, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), CiiEM, Egas Moniz—Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Caparica, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
- Evidence-Based Hub, CiiEM, Egas Moniz—Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Caparica, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
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Zhang Y, Chen R, Wang Y, Wang P, Pu J, Xu X, Chen F, Jiang L, Jiang Q, Yan F. Antibiofilm activity of ultra-small gold nanoclusters against Fusobacterium nucleatum in dental plaque biofilms. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:470. [PMID: 36329432 PMCID: PMC9632159 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01672-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic dental plaque biofilms are universal and harmful, which can result in oral infections and systemic diseases. Many conventional therapeutic methods have proven insufficient or ineffective against plaque biofilms. Therefore, new strategies are urgently needed. Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum), a periodontal pathogen associated with a variety of oral and systemic diseases, is thought to be central to the development and structure of dental plaques. Here, ultra-small gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) were prepared. They exhibited potent antibacterial activity against F. nucleatum through enhanced destruction of bacterial membranes and generation of reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, due to their excellent penetration, the AuNCs could inhibit biofilm formation and destroy mature biofilms in vitro. Their antibiofilm efficacy was further confirmed in a mouse model, where they reduced biofilm accumulation and ameliorated inflammation. Meanwhile, the disruption of oral and gut microbiota caused by colonization of oral F. nucleatum could be partially restored through AuNCs treatment. Therefore, AuNCs could be considered as promising antibiofilm agents and have great potential in the clinical treatment of dental plaque.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangheng Zhang
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Rixin Chen
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yuxian Wang
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 211816, Nanjing, China
| | - Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Jiajie Pu
- 01life Institute, 518000, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Faming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Ling Jiang
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 211816, Nanjing, China.
| | - Qing Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Fuhua Yan
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China.
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32
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Fusobacterium orchestrates oral biofilms. Nat Rev Microbiol 2022; 20:576. [PMID: 35915254 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-022-00787-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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