1
|
Ahmad N, Ansari MA, Al-Mahmeed A, Joji RM, Saeed NK, Shahid M. Biogenic silver nanomaterials synthesized from Ocimum sanctum leaf extract exhibiting robust antimicrobial and anticancer activities: Exploring the therapeutic potential. Heliyon 2024; 10:e35486. [PMID: 39170333 PMCID: PMC11336750 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
There is a surge in antibiotic consumption because of the emergence of resistance among microbial pathogens. In the escalating challenge of antibiotic resistance in microbial pathogens, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs)-mediated therapy has proven to be the most effective and alternative therapeutic strategy for bacterial infections and cancer treatment. This study aims to explore the potential of OsAgNPs derived from Ocimum sanctum's aqueous leaf extract as antimicrobial agents and anticancer drug delivery modalities. This study utilized a plant extract derived from Ocimum sanctum (Tulsi) leaves to synthesize silver nanoparticles (OsAgNPs), that were characterized by FTIR, TEM, SEM, and EDX. OsAgNPs were assessed for their antibacterial and anticancer potential. TEM analysis unveiled predominantly spherical or oval-shaped OsAgNPs, ranging in size from 4 to 98 nm. The (MICs) of OsAgNPs demonstrated a range from 0.350 to 19.53 μg/ml against clinical, multidrug-resistant (MDR), and standard bacterial isolates. Dual labelling with ethidium bromide and acridine orange demonstrated that OsAgNPs induced apoptosis in HeLa cells. The OsAgNPs-treated cells showed yellow-green fluorescence in early-stage apoptotic cells and orange fluorescence in late-stage cells. Furthermore, OsAgNPs exhibited a concentration-dependent decrease in HeLa cancer cell viability, with an IC50 value of 90 μg/ml noted. The study highlights the remarkable antibacterial efficacy of OsAgNPs against clinically significant bacterial isolates, including antibiotic-resistant strains. These results position the OsAgNPs as prospective therapeutic agents with the potential to address the growing challenges posed by antibiotic resistance and cervical cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nayeem Ahmad
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, College of Medicine & Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Bahrain
| | - Mohammad Azam Ansari
- Department of Epidemic Disease Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Al-Mahmeed
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, College of Medicine & Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Bahrain
| | - Ronni Mol Joji
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, College of Medicine & Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Bahrain
| | - Nermin Kamal Saeed
- Microbiology Section, Department of Pathology, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Bahrain
| | - Mohammad Shahid
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, College of Medicine & Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Bahrain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Souza SSR, Smith JT, Marcovici MM, Eckhardt EM, Hansel NB, Martin IW, Andam CP. Demographic fluctuations in bloodstream Staphylococcus aureus lineages configure the mobile gene pool and antimicrobial resistance. NPJ ANTIMICROBIALS AND RESISTANCE 2024; 2:14. [PMID: 38725655 PMCID: PMC11076216 DOI: 10.1038/s44259-024-00032-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus in the bloodstream causes high morbidity and mortality, exacerbated by the spread of multidrug-resistant and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). We aimed to characterize the circulating lineages of S. aureus from bloodstream infections and the contribution of individual lineages to resistance over time. Here, we generated 852 high-quality short-read draft genome sequences of S. aureus isolates from patient blood cultures in a single hospital from 2010 to 2022. A total of 80 previously recognized sequence types (ST) and five major clonal complexes are present in the population. Two frequently detected lineages, ST5 and ST8 exhibited fluctuating demographic structures throughout their histories. The rise and fall in their population growth coincided with the acquisition of antimicrobial resistance, mobile genetic elements, and superantigen genes, thus shaping the accessory genome structure across the entire population. These results reflect undetected selective events and changing ecology of multidrug-resistant S. aureus in the bloodstream.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie S. R. Souza
- Department of Biological Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York, NY USA
| | - Joshua T. Smith
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH USA
- Infectious Disease and Microbiome Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - Michael M. Marcovici
- Department of Biological Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York, NY USA
| | - Elissa M. Eckhardt
- Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center and Dartmouth College Geisel School of Medicine, Lebanon, NH USA
| | - Nicole B. Hansel
- Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center and Dartmouth College Geisel School of Medicine, Lebanon, NH USA
| | - Isabella W. Martin
- Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center and Dartmouth College Geisel School of Medicine, Lebanon, NH USA
| | - Cheryl P. Andam
- Department of Biological Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York, NY USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhan Q, Teng G, Chen W, Yu X. High prevalence of ST5-SCCmec II-t311 clone of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bloodstream infections in East China. BMC Microbiol 2024; 24:89. [PMID: 38491414 PMCID: PMC10943896 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-024-03232-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a challenging global health threat, resulting in significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. This study aims to determine the molecular characteristics and antimicrobial susceptibility of 263 MRSA isolates in Zhejiang Province, east China. METHODS From 2014 to 2019, a total of 263 MRSA isolates from bloodstream infections (BSIs) were collected from 6 hospitals in 4 cities in Zhejiang province, east China. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were conducted according to the guidelines set forth by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). To characterize and analyze these isolates, multilocus sequence typing (MLST), staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) typing, staphylococcal protein A (spa) typing and virulence genes gene profiles were performed. RESULTS The most predominant clone was ST5-SCCmec II-t311, which accounted for 41.8% (110/263), followed by ST59 (44/263, 16.7%). Compared with non-ST5-II-t311 isolates, ST5-II-t311 isolates were more resistant to erythromycin, tetracycline, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, and ciprofloxacin, but more susceptible to clindamycin. Moreover, the rates of multidrug resistance were higher in ST5-II-t311 isolates compared to the non-ST5-II-t311 isolates. In comparison to the non-ST5-II-t311 isolates, ST5-II-t311 isolates showed no significant difference in virulence genes detected. CONCLUSIONS MRSA ST5-II-t311 clone has become the most predominant clone in Zhejiang Province, east China and has higher rates of multidrug resistance than other isolates, that should be kept in mind when treating BSI. Moreover, MRSA ST59 clone shows an upward trend and has begun to spread into hospitals. Our findings highlight the importance of epidemiological studies of S. aureus carriage in the eastern region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhan
- Infection Control Department, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, People's Republic of China
| | - Gaoqin Teng
- Department of General Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiwei Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 31000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiao Yu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Pneumoconiosis, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chen F, Yin Y, Chen H, Wang R, Wang S, Wang H. Global genetic diversity and Asian clades evolution: a phylogeographic study of Staphylococcus aureus sequence type 5. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2024; 68:e0117523. [PMID: 38259089 PMCID: PMC10916392 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01175-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus sequence type (ST) 5 has spread worldwide; however, phylogeographic studies on the evolution of global phylogenetic and Asian clades of ST5 are lacking. This study included 368 ST5 genome sequences, including 111 newly generated sequences. Primary phylogenetic analysis suggested that there are five clades, and geographical clustering of ST5 methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) was linked to the acquisition of S. aureus pathogenicity islands (SaPIs; enterotoxin gene island) and integration of the prophage φSa3. The most recent common ancestor of global S. aureus ST5 dates back to the mid-1940s, coinciding with the clinical introduction of penicillin. Bayesian phylogeographic inference allowed to ancestrally trace the Asian ST5 MRSA clade to Japan, which may have spread to major cities in China and Korea in the 1990s. Based on a pan-genome-wide association study, the emergence of Asian ST5 clades was attributed to the gain of prophages, SaPIs, and plasmids, as well as the coevolution of resistance genes. Clade IV displayed greater genomic diversity than the Asian MRSA clades. Collectively, our study provides in-depth insights into the global evolution of S. aureus ST5 mainly in China and the United States and reveals that different S. aureus ST5 clades have arisen independently in different parts of the world, with limited geographic dispersal across continents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fengning Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuyao Yin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hongbin Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ruobing Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shuyi Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Khattami Kermanshahi P, Akhbari K. The antibacterial activity of three zeolitic-imidazolate frameworks and zinc oxide nanoparticles derived from them. RSC Adv 2024; 14:5601-5608. [PMID: 38352679 PMCID: PMC10862664 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra00447g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Zinc has been widely studied for its antibacterial properties due to its low toxicity, availability, and low cost. This research focused on analysing the antibacterial effects of three types of MOFs (metal-organic frameworks) with zinc as the central metal: ZIF-4, ZIF-7, and ZIF-8. The study found that ZIF-8 had the strongest antibacterial effect, while ZIF-7 had the weakest among them. These findings were consistent with the results of the ICP (inductively coupled plasma) analysis, which measured the amount of zinc released. Additionally, the antibacterial effect of ZIF-8 was found to be higher than that of zinc oxide species obtained from calcination of the compounds. Among the zinc oxide samples, ZnO nanoparticles which derived from ZIF-4 showed the highest antibacterial activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pouya Khattami Kermanshahi
- School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran P.O. Box 14155-6455 Tehran Iran +98 21 66495291 +98 21 61113734
| | - Kamran Akhbari
- School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran P.O. Box 14155-6455 Tehran Iran +98 21 66495291 +98 21 61113734
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Schwermann N, Winstel V. Functional diversity of staphylococcal surface proteins at the host-microbe interface. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1196957. [PMID: 37275142 PMCID: PMC10232760 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1196957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Surface proteins of Gram-positive pathogens are key determinants of virulence that substantially shape host-microbe interactions. Specifically, these proteins mediate host invasion and pathogen transmission, drive the acquisition of heme-iron from hemoproteins, and subvert innate and adaptive immune cell responses to push bacterial survival and pathogenesis in a hostile environment. Herein, we briefly review and highlight the multi-facetted roles of cell wall-anchored proteins of multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, a common etiological agent of purulent skin and soft tissue infections as well as severe systemic diseases in humans. In particular, we focus on the functional diversity of staphylococcal surface proteins and discuss their impact on the variety of clinical manifestations of S. aureus infections. We also describe mechanistic and underlying principles of staphylococcal surface protein-mediated immune evasion and coupled strategies S. aureus utilizes to paralyze patrolling neutrophils, macrophages, and other immune cells. Ultimately, we provide a systematic overview of novel therapeutic concepts and anti-infective strategies that aim at neutralizing S. aureus surface proteins or sortases, the molecular catalysts of protein anchoring in Gram-positive bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicoletta Schwermann
- Research Group Pathogenesis of Bacterial Infections, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a Joint Venture Between the Hannover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Volker Winstel
- Research Group Pathogenesis of Bacterial Infections, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a Joint Venture Between the Hannover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Benjamin I, Louis H, O. Ekpen F, Gber TE, Gideon ME, Ahmad I, Unimuke TO, P. Akanimo N, Patel H, Eko IJ, Simon O, Agwamba EC, Ejiofor EU. Modeling the anti-Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Activity of (E)-6-chloro-N 2-phenyl-N 4-(4-Phenyl-5-(Phenyl Diazinyl)-2λ 3, 3 λ 2- Thiazol-2-yl)-1, 3, 5-Triazine-2,4- Diamine. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2022.2160773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Innocent Benjamin
- Computational and Bio-Simulation Research Group, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Hitler Louis
- Computational and Bio-Simulation Research Group, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Francis O. Ekpen
- Computational and Bio-Simulation Research Group, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Terkumbur E. Gber
- Computational and Bio-Simulation Research Group, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Mathias E. Gideon
- Computational and Bio-Simulation Research Group, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Iqrar Ahmad
- Division of Computer Aided Drug Design, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel; Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, India
| | - Tomsmith O. Unimuke
- Computational and Bio-Simulation Research Group, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Nyong P. Akanimo
- Computational and Bio-Simulation Research Group, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Harun Patel
- Division of Computer Aided Drug Design, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel; Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, India
| | | | - Ojima Simon
- Computational and Bio-Simulation Research Group, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Ernest C. Agwamba
- Computational and Bio-Simulation Research Group, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Emmanuel U. Ejiofor
- Computational and Bio-Simulation Research Group, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|