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O’Neill S, Minehan M, Knight-Agarwal CR, Pyne DB. Alterations in gut microbiota caused by major depressive disorder or a low FODMAP diet and where they overlap. Front Nutr 2024; 10:1303405. [PMID: 38260072 PMCID: PMC10800578 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1303405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Beneficial changes in microbiota observed in individuals with a major depressive disorder (MDD) may be initiated with a low fermentable oligosaccharide, disaccharide, monosaccharide, and polyol (FODMAP) elimination diet. Academic Search Ultimate, APA PsychINFO, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, Scopus and Web of Science were searched for original research documenting differences in microbiota in MDD or changes with a low FODMAP diet in adults (age 18 years +). Studies with fecal microbiota, 16 s RNA sequencing and QIIME pipelines were included. Studies using antibiotics, probiotics, and medications such as antidepressants were excluded. Additionally, studies based on a single gender were excluded as gender impacts microbiota changes in MDD. Four studies addressed differences in microbiota with MDD and another four assessed shifts occurring with a low FODMAP diet. The abundance of Bacteroidetes, Bacteroidaceae and Bacteroides were lower in individuals with MDD but increased with a low FODMAP diet. Abundance of Ruminoccaceae was lower and Bilophila was higher with both a low FODMAP diet and MDD. These results provide preliminary evidence that a low FODMAP diet might drive changes in microbiota that also benefit people with MDD. Further research to assess whether a low FODMAP diet can treat MDD through modification of targeted microbiota is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone O’Neill
- University of Canberra Research Institute for Sport and Exercise, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Michelle Minehan
- University of Canberra Research Institute for Sport and Exercise, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | | | - David B. Pyne
- University of Canberra Research Institute for Sport and Exercise, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia
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Saglam D, Colak GA, Sahin E, Ekren BY, Sezerman U, Bas M. Effects of Ramadan intermittent fasting on gut microbiome: is the diet key? Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1203205. [PMID: 37705730 PMCID: PMC10495574 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1203205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Much research has been conducted regarding the impact of diet on the gut microbiota. However, the effects of dietary habits such as intermittent fasting are unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effect of intermittent fasting during Ramadan on the gut microbiota. The study was conducted on 12 healthy adult individuals who practiced fasting 17 h per day for 29 consecutive days during the month of Ramadan. To determine the dietary intake of individuals, a 3-day dietary record was kept at the beginning and end of the study. Reads that passed quality filtering were clustered, and custom-prepared 16S rRNA gene regions of bacteria associated with the human microbiome were used as a reference. Consensus sequences were created, and genus-level taxonomic annotations were determined using a sequence identity threshold of 95%. The correlations between the dietary intake measurements of the participants and the respective relative abundance of bacterial genera were investigated. The results showed that Firmicutes were higher in abundance in the gut microbiota before fasting among participants, while they were significantly lower in abundance at the end of Ramadan fasting (p < 0.05). Proteobacteria were significantly higher in abundance at the end of the month of Ramadan (p < 0.05). Fasting was associated with a significant decrease in levels of seven genera: Blautia, Coprococcus, Dorea, Faecalicatena, Fusicatenibacter, Lachnoclostridium, and Mediterraneibacter. Conversely, the abundances of two bacterial genera were enhanced at the end of the fasting month: Escherichia and Shigella. The results of the dietary intake analysis showed that a negative correlation was detected for three comparisons: Ihubacter and protein (rho = -0.54, p = 0.0068), Fusicatenibacter and vegetables (rho = -0.54, p = 0.0042), and Intestinibacter and nuts (rho = -0.54, p-value = 0.0065). The results suggest that even when the fasting period during Ramadan is consistent, the types of food consumed by individuals can affect the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duygu Saglam
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Health Sciences Faculty, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Gozde Aritici Colak
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Health Sciences Faculty, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Eray Sahin
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Health Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Berkay Yekta Ekren
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Health Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Ugur Sezerman
- Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Murat Bas
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Health Sciences Faculty, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Türkiye
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3
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Chou PS, Hung WC, Yang IH, Kuo CM, Wu MN, Lin TC, Fong YO, Juan CH, Lai CL. Predicting Adverse Recanalization Therapy Outcomes in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients Using Characteristic Gut Microbiota. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2016. [PMID: 37630576 PMCID: PMC10458507 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11082016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Recanalization therapy is the most effective treatment for eligible patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Gut microbiota are involved in the pathological mechanisms and outcomes of AIS. However, the association of gut microbiota features with adverse recanalization therapy outcomes remains unclear. Herein, we investigated gut microbiota features associated with neurological deficits in patients with AIS after recanalization therapy and whether they predict the patients' functional outcomes. We collected fecal samples from 51 patients with AIS who received recanalization therapy and performed 16S rRNA gene sequencing (V3-V4). We compared the gut microbiota diversity and community composition between mild to moderate and severe disability groups. Next, the characteristic gut microbiota was compared between groups, and we noted that the characteristic gut microbiota in patients with mild to moderate disability included Bilophila, Butyricimonas, Oscillospiraceae_UCG-003, and Megamonas. Moreover, the relative abundance of Bacteroides fragilis, Fusobacterium sp., and Parabacteroides gordonii was high in patients with severe disability. The characteristic gut microbiota was correlated with neurological deficits, and areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves confirmed that the characteristic microbiota predicted adverse recanalization therapy outcomes. In conclusion, gut microbiota characteristics are correlated with recanalization therapy outcomes in patients with AIS. Gut microbiota may thus be a promising biomarker associated with early neurological deficits and predict recanalization therapy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Song Chou
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan; (P.-S.C.); (M.-N.W.); (T.-C.L.); (Y.-O.F.)
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807377, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807377, Taiwan
- Neuroscience Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807377, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chun Hung
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807377, Taiwan;
| | - I-Hsiao Yang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan;
| | - Chia-Ming Kuo
- Department of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan;
| | - Meng-Ni Wu
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan; (P.-S.C.); (M.-N.W.); (T.-C.L.); (Y.-O.F.)
| | - Tzu-Chao Lin
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan; (P.-S.C.); (M.-N.W.); (T.-C.L.); (Y.-O.F.)
| | - Yi-On Fong
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan; (P.-S.C.); (M.-N.W.); (T.-C.L.); (Y.-O.F.)
| | - Chi-Hung Juan
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, National Central University, Taoyuan City 320, Taiwan;
- Cognitive Intelligence and Precision Healthcare Research Center, National Central University, Taoyuan City 320, Taiwan
| | - Chiou-Lian Lai
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan; (P.-S.C.); (M.-N.W.); (T.-C.L.); (Y.-O.F.)
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807377, Taiwan
- Neuroscience Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807377, Taiwan
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Daddi L, Dorsett Y, Geng T, Bokoliya S, Yuan H, Wang P, Xu W, Zhou Y. Baseline Gut Microbiome Signatures Correlate with Immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccines. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11703. [PMID: 37511464 PMCID: PMC10380288 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The powerful immune responses elicited by the mRNA vaccines targeting the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein contribute to their high efficacy. Yet, their efficacy can vary greatly between individuals. For vaccines not based on mRNA, cumulative evidence suggests that differences in the composition of the gut microbiome, which impact vaccine immunogenicity, are some of the factors that contribute to variations in efficacy. However, it is unclear if the microbiome impacts the novel mode of immunogenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines. We conducted a prospective longitudinal cohort study of individuals receiving SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines where we measured levels of anti-Spike IgG and characterized microbiome composition, at pre-vaccination (baseline), and one week following the first and second immunizations. While we found that microbial diversity at all timepoints correlated with final IgG levels, only at baseline did microbial composition and predicted function correlate with vaccine immunogenicity. Specifically, the phylum Desulfobacterota and genus Bilophila, producers of immunostimulatory LPS, positively correlated with IgG, while Bacteroides was negatively correlated. KEGG predicted pathways relating to SCFA metabolism and sulfur metabolism, as well as structural components such as flagellin and capsular polysaccharides, also positively correlated with IgG levels. Consistent with these findings, depleting the microbiome with antibiotics reduced the immunogenicity of the BNT162b2 vaccine in mice. These findings suggest that gut microbiome composition impacts the immunogenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Daddi
- Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Yair Dorsett
- Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Tingting Geng
- Department of Immunology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Suresh Bokoliya
- Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Hanshu Yuan
- Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Penghua Wang
- Department of Immunology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Wanli Xu
- School of Nursing, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Yanjiao Zhou
- Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
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Sun C, Song R, Zhou J, Jia Y, Lu J. Fermented Bamboo Fiber Improves Productive Performance by Regulating Gut Microbiota and Inhibiting Chronic Inflammation of Sows and Piglets during Late Gestation and Lactation. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0408422. [PMID: 37042787 PMCID: PMC10269633 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04084-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Sows exhibit metabolic syndrome and significant changes in intestinal microbiota during late gestation and lactation, affecting sow performance and piglet health. Dietary fiber (DF) is widely applied to improve sow performance by modulating gut microbiota and their by-products. Here, 60 sows were randomly allocated to groups, including CON (8% wheat bran), FBF-1 (1% fermented bamboo fiber), FBF-2 (2.5% fermented bamboo fiber), and FBF-3 (4% fermented bamboo fiber) from day 80 of gestation (G80d) to the end of lactation (L21d). Compared with CON, the FBF-3 diet decreased lactation backfat loss, increased average daily feed intake (ADFI) during lactation, and the weight gain of piglets, while supplementation of FBF increased fecal water content and reduced the rate of constipation in sows. Further, the yield and quality of milk of sows in FBF groups were improved. The FBF-3 diet significantly reduced markers of intestinal permeability (diamine oxidase and endotoxin) and systemic inflammation (interleukin-6 [IL-6] and tumor necrosis factor alpha) in sow serum during lactation, while it increased the anti-inflammatory marker (IL-10). Similarly, the piglets in the FBF-2 and FBF-3 groups had lower levels of IL-6 and higher levels of IgG, IgM, and insulin-like growth factor in serum. In addition, sows fed the 4% FBF diet had higher levels of acetate, propionate, butyrate, and total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in feces than CON, and total SCFAs were promoted in piglets from the FBF-3 group. Spearman correlation analysis showed that immunity, inflammation, and intestinal microbiota are closely related to sow performance, which can affect piglet growth. The potential mechanism could be that FBF promoted the enrichment of beneficial genera such as Lachnospira, Lachnospiracea_XPB1014_Group, and Roseburia and the production of SCFAs in the sow's intestine, and reduced the relative abundance of harmful bacteria such as Fusobacterium, Sutterellaceae, and Sutterella. Meanwhile, the intake of FBF by sows affected the gut microbial composition of their offspring piglets, significantly increasing the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria Alistipes and Lachnoclostridium and decreasing the relative abundance of pathogenic bacteria Trueperella among colonic microorganisms. IMPORTANCE Dietary fiber is widely applied in the nutrition of sows due to its potential value in improving performance and intestinal health. Fermented bamboo fiber, rich in dietary fiber, has not been fully evaluated to be used in sow diets. Sows mobilize body reserves during gestation and lactation due to nutrients being prioritized for lactation purposes while feeding piglets, which generally leads to metabolism and immunity undergoing drastic changes. The main manifestations are increased inflammation and intestinal permeability and disturbed intestinal flora, which ultimately reduces the ADFI and milk quality, thus affecting the growth of piglets. The study described here is the first attempt to provide FBF for sows in late gestation and lactation can reverse this process. The 4% FBF was initially explored to have the most significantly beneficial effect. It provides a potentially effective method for dietary modification to control the gut microbiota and its metabolites to improve sow and piglet health. Moreover, the sow-piglet model offers a reference for investigating the impact of dietary fiber on the intestinal health of human mothers and infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuansong Sun
- Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- The National Engineering Laboratory for Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Controlling, National Development and Reform Commission, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rui Song
- Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- The National Engineering Laboratory for Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Controlling, National Development and Reform Commission, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianyong Zhou
- Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- The National Engineering Laboratory for Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Controlling, National Development and Reform Commission, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yubiao Jia
- Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- The National Engineering Laboratory for Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Controlling, National Development and Reform Commission, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianjun Lu
- Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- The National Engineering Laboratory for Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Controlling, National Development and Reform Commission, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Wang Y, Jian C. Novel plant-based meat alternatives: Implications and opportunities for consumer nutrition and health. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2023; 106:241-274. [PMID: 37722774 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2023.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Against the backdrop of the global protein transition needed to remain within planetary boundaries, there is an influx of plant-based meat alternatives that seek to approximate the texture, flavor and/or nutrient profiles of conventional animal meat. These novel plant-based meat alternatives, enabled by advances in food technology, can be fundamentally different from the whole-plant foods from which they are derived. One of the reasons is the necessity to use food additives on various occasions, since consumers' acceptance of plant-based meat products primarily depends on the organoleptic properties. Consequently, a high degree of heterogeneity in formulation and nutritional profiles exists both within and between product categories of plant-based meat alternatives with unknown effects on several aspects of human health. This is further complicated by the differences in digestibility and bioavailability between proteins from animal and plant sources, which have a profound impact on colonic fermentation, nutritional adequacy and potential health effects. On the other hand, emerging strategies provide opportunities to develop affordable, delicious and nutritious plant-based meat alternatives that align with consumer interests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqin Wang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Ching Jian
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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