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Liu J, Zheng Y, Yang S, Zhang L, Liu B, Zhang J, Yu X, Wei X, Li S, Wang J, Lv H. Targeting antioxidant factor Nrf2 by raffinose ameliorates lipid dysmetabolism-induced pyroptosis, inflammation and fibrosis in NAFLD. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 130:155756. [PMID: 38833791 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a persistent liver condition that affects both human health and animal productive efficiency on a global scale. A number of naturally occurring compounds activate nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) as a transcription factor with important protective effects against many liver diseases, including NAFLD. Raffinose (Ra), an oligosaccharide extracted from several plants, exhibits diverse biological functions. However, the uncertainty lies in determining whether the activation of Nrf2 by Ra can provide a preventive effect on liver lipotoxicity. PURPOSE The aim of this study was to shed light on the molecular pathways by which Ra possesses its protective benefits against NAFLD. METHODS Experimental protocols were established using WT and Nrf2-null (Nrf2-/-) mice. Liver samples from each group were collected for Western blot, RT-qPCR, H & E, Sirius red and Oil red O staining. Additionally, serums were processed for ELISA. ALM12 cells were gathered for Western blot and immunofluorescence. Moreover, to elucidate the molecular mechanism of Ra, molecular docking was performed. RESULTS Our results indicated that Ra remarkably alleviated liver lipotoxic in vivo and in vitro. Ra treatment effectively corrected hepatic steatosis, the release of AST, ALT, TG, and TC, as well as the depletion of HDL and LDL. Meanwhile, Ra efficiently prevented inflammation by inhibiting the TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB pathway and pyroptosis. Additionally, these findings implied that Ra reduced the production of fibrosis-related proteins, which enhanced collagen deposition. Molecular docking revealed that Ra possessed the ability to bind specific regions of Nrf2, resulting in the enhancement of Nrf2 activation and nuclear translocation. Ra treatment restored serum redox factors and antioxidant enzymes to normal levels; however, these alterations were clearly reversed in Nrf2-/- mice. CONCLUSION This study reveals novel information on Ra's protective benefits against liver injury caused by abnormal lipid metabolism; these effects are mostly mediated by Nrf2 activation, suggesting a potential new medicine or treatment strategy for NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahe Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Bovine Diseases, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, PR China
| | - Yuwei Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Bovine Diseases, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, PR China
| | - Songya Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Bovine Diseases, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, PR China
| | - Lihan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Bovine Diseases, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, PR China
| | - Bingxue Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Bovine Diseases, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, PR China
| | - Jiexing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Bovine Diseases, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, PR China
| | - Xiaoqing Yu
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Bovine Diseases, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, PR China
| | - Xiangjian Wei
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Bovine Diseases, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, PR China
| | - Shize Li
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Bovine Diseases, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, PR China
| | - Jianfa Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Bovine Diseases, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, PR China.
| | - Hongming Lv
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Bovine Diseases, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, PR China.
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Luo X, Jiang JH, Liu SL, Gao JY, Zhou LW. Metabolomics analysis of rice fermented by medicinal fungi providing insights into the preparation of functional food. Food Chem 2024; 459:140372. [PMID: 38986207 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Rice, a primary staple food, may be improved in value via fermentation. Here, ten medicinal basidiomycetous fungi were separately applied for rice fermentation. After preliminary screening, Ganoderma boninense, Phylloporia pulla, Sanghuangporus sanghuang and Sanghuangporus weigelae were selected for further LC-MS based determination of the changes in metabolic profile after their fermentation with rice, and a total of 261, 296, 312, and 355 differential compounds were identified, respectively. Most of these compounds were up-regulated and involved in the metabolic pathways of amino acid metabolism, lipid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism and the biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites. Sanghuangporus weigelae endowed the rice with the highest nutritional and bioactive values. The metabolic network of the identified differential compounds in rice fermented by S. weigelae illustrated their close relationships. In summary, this study provides insights into the preparation and application of potential functional food via the fermentation of rice with medicinal fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ji-Hang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Shi-Liang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jian-Yun Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Li-Wei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
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Belcher S, Flores-Iga G, Natarajan P, Crummett G, Talavera-Caro A, Gracia-Rodriguez C, Lopez-Ortiz C, Das A, Adjeroh DA, Nimmakayala P, Balagurusamy N, Reddy UK. Dietary Curcumin Intake and Its Effects on the Transcriptome and Metabolome of Drosophila melanogaster. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6559. [PMID: 38928266 PMCID: PMC11203963 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Curcumin, a polyphenol derived from Curcuma longa, used as a dietary spice, has garnered attention for its therapeutic potential, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. Despite its known benefits, the precise mechanisms underlying curcumin's effects on consumers remain unclear. To address this gap, we employed the genetic model Drosophila melanogaster and leveraged two omics tools-transcriptomics and metabolomics. Our investigation revealed alterations in 1043 genes and 73 metabolites upon supplementing curcumin into the diet. Notably, we observed genetic modulation in pathways related to antioxidants, carbohydrates, and lipids, as well as genes associated with gustatory perception and reproductive processes. Metabolites implicated in carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid biosynthesis, and biomarkers linked to the prevention of neurodegenerative diseases such as schizophrenia, Alzheimer's, and aging were also identified. The study highlighted a strong correlation between the curcumin diet, antioxidant mechanisms, and amino acid metabolism. Conversely, a lower correlation was observed between carbohydrate metabolism and cholesterol biosynthesis. This research highlights the impact of curcumin on the diet, influencing perception, fertility, and molecular wellness. Furthermore, it directs future studies toward a more focused exploration of the specific effects of curcumin consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Belcher
- Department of Biology, Gus R. Douglass Institute, West Virginia State University, Institute, WV 25112, USA; (S.B.); (G.F.-I.); (P.N.); (G.C.); (A.T.-C.); (C.G.-R.); (C.L.-O.); (A.D.); (P.N.)
| | - Gerardo Flores-Iga
- Department of Biology, Gus R. Douglass Institute, West Virginia State University, Institute, WV 25112, USA; (S.B.); (G.F.-I.); (P.N.); (G.C.); (A.T.-C.); (C.G.-R.); (C.L.-O.); (A.D.); (P.N.)
| | - Purushothaman Natarajan
- Department of Biology, Gus R. Douglass Institute, West Virginia State University, Institute, WV 25112, USA; (S.B.); (G.F.-I.); (P.N.); (G.C.); (A.T.-C.); (C.G.-R.); (C.L.-O.); (A.D.); (P.N.)
| | - Garrett Crummett
- Department of Biology, Gus R. Douglass Institute, West Virginia State University, Institute, WV 25112, USA; (S.B.); (G.F.-I.); (P.N.); (G.C.); (A.T.-C.); (C.G.-R.); (C.L.-O.); (A.D.); (P.N.)
| | - Alicia Talavera-Caro
- Department of Biology, Gus R. Douglass Institute, West Virginia State University, Institute, WV 25112, USA; (S.B.); (G.F.-I.); (P.N.); (G.C.); (A.T.-C.); (C.G.-R.); (C.L.-O.); (A.D.); (P.N.)
| | - Celeste Gracia-Rodriguez
- Department of Biology, Gus R. Douglass Institute, West Virginia State University, Institute, WV 25112, USA; (S.B.); (G.F.-I.); (P.N.); (G.C.); (A.T.-C.); (C.G.-R.); (C.L.-O.); (A.D.); (P.N.)
- Laboratorio de Biorremediación, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Torreón 27275, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Carlos Lopez-Ortiz
- Department of Biology, Gus R. Douglass Institute, West Virginia State University, Institute, WV 25112, USA; (S.B.); (G.F.-I.); (P.N.); (G.C.); (A.T.-C.); (C.G.-R.); (C.L.-O.); (A.D.); (P.N.)
| | - Amartya Das
- Department of Biology, Gus R. Douglass Institute, West Virginia State University, Institute, WV 25112, USA; (S.B.); (G.F.-I.); (P.N.); (G.C.); (A.T.-C.); (C.G.-R.); (C.L.-O.); (A.D.); (P.N.)
| | - Donald A. Adjeroh
- Lane Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA;
| | - Padma Nimmakayala
- Department of Biology, Gus R. Douglass Institute, West Virginia State University, Institute, WV 25112, USA; (S.B.); (G.F.-I.); (P.N.); (G.C.); (A.T.-C.); (C.G.-R.); (C.L.-O.); (A.D.); (P.N.)
| | - Nagamani Balagurusamy
- Laboratorio de Biorremediación, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Torreón 27275, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Umesh K. Reddy
- Department of Biology, Gus R. Douglass Institute, West Virginia State University, Institute, WV 25112, USA; (S.B.); (G.F.-I.); (P.N.); (G.C.); (A.T.-C.); (C.G.-R.); (C.L.-O.); (A.D.); (P.N.)
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Jeong GJ, Khan F, Tabassum N, Kim YM. Alteration of oral microbial biofilms by sweeteners. Biofilm 2024; 7:100171. [PMID: 38197082 PMCID: PMC10772577 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioflm.2023.100171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
There is a growing interest in using sweeteners for taste improvement in the food and drink industry. Sweeteners were found to regulate the formation or dispersal of structural components of microbial biofilms. Dietary sugars may enhance biofilm formation and facilitate the development of antimicrobial resistance, which has become a major health issue worldwide. In contrast, bulk and non-nutritive sweeteners are also beneficial for managing microbial infections. This review discusses the clinical significance of oral biofilms formed upon the administration of nutritive and non-nutritive sweeteners. The underlying mechanism of action of sweeteners in the regulation of mono- or poly-microbial biofilm formation and destruction is comprehensively discussed. Bulk and non-nutritive sweeteners have also been used in conjunction with antimicrobial substances to reduce microbial biofilm formation. Formulations with bulk and non-nutritive sweeteners have been demonstrated to be particularly efficient in this regard. Finally, future perspectives with respect to advancing our understanding of mechanisms underlying biofilm regulation activities of sweeteners are presented as well. Several alternative strategies for the application of bulk sweeteners and non-nutritive sweeteners have been employed to control the biofilm-forming microbial pathogens. Gaining insight into the underlying mechanisms responsible for enhancing or inhibiting biofilm formation and virulence properties by both mono- and poly-microbial species in the presence of the sweetener is crucial for developing a therapeutic agent to manage microbial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geum-Jae Jeong
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Fazlurrahman Khan
- Institute of Fisheries Sciences, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
- Marine Integrated Biomedical Technology Center, The National Key Research Institutes in Universities, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
- Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Nazia Tabassum
- Marine Integrated Biomedical Technology Center, The National Key Research Institutes in Universities, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
- Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Mog Kim
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
- Marine Integrated Biomedical Technology Center, The National Key Research Institutes in Universities, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
- Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
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Inoue Y, Ueda S, Tanikawa T, Sano A, Suzuki R, Todo H, Higuchi Y, Akao K. Characterization of Carbohydrates, Amino Acids, Viscosity, and Antioxidant Capacity in Rice Wines Made in Saitama, Japan, with Different Sake Rice. Foods 2023; 12:4004. [PMID: 37959123 PMCID: PMC10647497 DOI: 10.3390/foods12214004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the physicochemical properties of Japanese rice wines, including their functional properties and carbohydrate and amino acid content in solution and solid state. Three samples were tested. The glucose, allose, and raffinose contents in samples (A, B, C) in g/100 g were (3.47, 3.45, 7.05), (1.60, 1.63, 1.61), and (2.14, 2.75, 1.49), respectively. The total amino acid in µmol/mL was (3.1, 3.5, 4.4). Glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine varied in content across the samples. The viscosity (10 °C) and activation energy (ΔE) calculated using the Andrade equation were (2.81 ± 0.03, 2.74 ± 0.06, 2.69 ± 0.03) mPa-s and (22.3 ± 1.1, 22.0 ± 0.2, 21.3 ± 0.5) kJ/mol, respectively. Principal component analysis using FT-IR spectra confirmed the separation of the samples into principal components 2 and 3. The IC50 values from the DPPH radical scavenging test were (2364.7 ± 185.3, 3041.9 ± 355.1, 3842.7 ± 228.1) µg/mL. Thus, the three rice wines had different carbohydrate and amino acid contents, viscosities, and antioxidant capacities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Inoue
- Laboratory of Nutri-Pharmacotherapeutics Management, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado 3500295, Saitama, Japan
| | - Sae Ueda
- Laboratory of Nutri-Pharmacotherapeutics Management, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado 3500295, Saitama, Japan
| | - Takashi Tanikawa
- Laboratory of Nutri-Pharmacotherapeutics Management, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado 3500295, Saitama, Japan
| | - Aiko Sano
- Laboratory of Natural Products and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado 3500295, Saitama, Japan (R.S.)
| | - Ryuichiro Suzuki
- Laboratory of Natural Products and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado 3500295, Saitama, Japan (R.S.)
| | - Hiroaki Todo
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics and Cosmeceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado 3500295, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yuji Higuchi
- Applicative Solution Lab, JASCO Corporation, 2967-5 Ishikawa-machi, Hachioji 1928537, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenichi Akao
- Applicative Solution Lab, JASCO Corporation, 2967-5 Ishikawa-machi, Hachioji 1928537, Tokyo, Japan
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Fu H, Zhao Y, Huang J, Luo Y, Wei Z, Yu B, Wen F. Reduced glutathione and raffinose lengthens postharvest storage of cassava root tubers by improving antioxidant capacity and antibiosis. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:475. [PMID: 37807058 PMCID: PMC10561434 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04466-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Cassava is an ideal food security crop in marginal and drought environment. However, the post-harvest storage of cassava is urgent problem to be resolved. In this study, the storage tolerant and non-tolerant cassava were screened by measuring the change of Peroxidase (POD), Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) in seven cultivars of cassava. Compared with other cultivars, the cultivar of SC14 showed the highest level of SOD, MDA and POD respectively at 0 day, 12 day and 9 day postharvest while exhibited lowest level of CAT at 0 day postharvest, indicating the strongest antioxidant capability and storage tolerance. In contrast, GR15231, termed as storage non-tolerance cultivars, showed lowest SOD and POD at 12 day and kept a relative high level of CAT at 12 day post-harvest. In addition, SC14 has higher level of starch and dry substance than GR15231. Mass spectrum was performed for SC14 and GR15231 to explore the key metabolites regulating the storage tolerance of cassava. The results showed that the expression of glutathione (reduced) and raffinose was significantly decreased at 12 day post-harvest both in tolerant SC14 and non-tolerant GR15231. Compared with GR15231, SC14 showed higher level of raffinose both at 0 and 12 day post-harvest, indicating that raffinose may be the potential metabolites protecting SC14 cultivar from deterioration post-harvest. Additionally, raffinose ratio of SC14a/SC14b was five times less than that of GR15231a/GR15231b, reflecting the slower degradation of raffinose in SC14 cultivar compared with GR15231 cultivar. In conclusion, the antioxidant microenvironment induced by reduced glutathione and higher level of raffinose in SC14 cultivar might be the promising metabolites to improve its antioxidant capacity and antibiosis and thus maintained the quality of Cassava root tubers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitian Fu
- Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Nanning, 530001, P.R. China
- International Cooperation Base for Science and Technology of Cassava, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanning, 530001, P.R. China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Nanning, 530001, P.R. China
- International Cooperation Base for Science and Technology of Cassava, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanning, 530001, P.R. China
| | - Jianqi Huang
- Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Nanning, 530001, P.R. China
- International Cooperation Base for Science and Technology of Cassava, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanning, 530001, P.R. China
| | - Yanchun Luo
- Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Nanning, 530001, P.R. China
- International Cooperation Base for Science and Technology of Cassava, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanning, 530001, P.R. China
| | - Zusheng Wei
- Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Nanning, 530001, P.R. China
- International Cooperation Base for Science and Technology of Cassava, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanning, 530001, P.R. China
| | - Benchi Yu
- Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Nanning, 530001, P.R. China
- International Cooperation Base for Science and Technology of Cassava, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanning, 530001, P.R. China
| | - Feng Wen
- Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Nanning, 530001, P.R. China.
- International Cooperation Base for Science and Technology of Cassava, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanning, 530001, P.R. China.
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Zuber P, Kreth J. Aspects of oral streptococcal metabolic diversity: Imagining the landscape beneath the fog. Mol Microbiol 2023; 120:508-524. [PMID: 37329112 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.15106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
It is widely acknowledged that the human-associated microbial community influences host physiology, systemic health, disease progression, and even behavior. There is currently an increased interest in the oral microbiome, which occupies the entryway to much of what the human initially encounters from the environment. In addition to the dental pathology that results from a dysbiotic microbiome, microbial activity within the oral cavity exerts significant systemic effects. The composition and activity of the oral microbiome is influenced by (1) host-microbial interactions, (2) the emergence of niche-specific microbial "ecotypes," and (3) numerous microbe-microbe interactions, shaping the underlying microbial metabolic landscape. The oral streptococci are central players in the microbial activity ongoing in the oral cavity, due to their abundance and prevalence in the oral environment and the many interspecies interactions in which they participate. Streptococci are major determinants of a healthy homeostatic oral environment. The metabolic activities of oral Streptococci, particularly the metabolism involved in energy generation and regeneration of oxidative resources vary among the species and are important factors in niche-specific adaptations and intra-microbiome interactions. Here we summarize key differences among streptococcal central metabolic networks and species-specific differences in how the key glycolytic intermediates are utilized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Zuber
- Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Jens Kreth
- School of Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
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Mu R, Zhang H, Zhang Z, Li X, Ji J, Wang X, Gu Y, Qin X. Trans-cinnamaldehyde loaded chitosan based nanocapsules display antibacterial and antibiofilm effects against cavity-causing Streptococcus mutans. J Oral Microbiol 2023; 15:2243067. [PMID: 37546377 PMCID: PMC10402844 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2023.2243067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Dental caries is a multifactorial disease, and the bacteria such as Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) is one of the risk factors. The poor effect of existing anti-bacterial is mainly related to drug resistance, the short time of drug action, and biofilm formation. Methods To address this concern, we report here on the cinnamaldehyde (CA) loaded chitosan (CS) nanocapsules (CA@CS NC) sustained release CA for antibacterial treatment. The size, ζ-potential, and morphology were characterized. The antibacterial activities in vitro were studied by growth curve assay, pH drop assay, biofilm assay, and qRT-PCR In addition, cytotoxicity assay, organ index, body weight, and histopathology results were analyzed to evaluate the safety and biocompatibility in a rat model. Results CA@CS NC can adsorb the bacterial membrane due to electronic interaction, releasing CA slowly for a long time. At the same time, it has reliable antibacterial activity against S. mutans and downregulated the expression levels of QS, virulence, biofilm, and adhesion genes. In addition, it greatly reduced the cytotoxicity of CA and significantly inhibited dental caries in rats without obvious toxicity. Conclusion Our results showed that CA@CS NC had antibacterial and antibiofilm effects on S. mutans and inhibit dental caries. Besides, it showed stronger efficacy and less toxicity, and was able to adsorb bacteria releasing CA slowly, providing a new nanomaterial solution for the treatment of dental caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Mu
- School of Biological Engineering, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Guangdong, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Fifth Clinical Institute, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Hanyi Zhang
- School of Biological Engineering, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhang
- School of Biological Engineering, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinyue Li
- School of Biological Engineering, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiaxuan Ji
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Fifth Clinical Institute, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinyue Wang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Fifth Clinical Institute, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Gu
- School of Stomatology, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaofei Qin
- School of Biological Engineering, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Guangdong, China
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Habteweld HA, Asfaw T. Novel Dietary Approach with Probiotics, Prebiotics, and Synbiotics to Mitigate Antimicrobial Resistance and Subsequent Out Marketplace of Antimicrobial Agents: A Review. Infect Drug Resist 2023; 16:3191-3211. [PMID: 37249957 PMCID: PMC10224695 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s413416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a significant public health concern worldwide. The continuous use and misuse of antimicrobial agents have led to the emergence and spread of resistant strains of bacteria, which can cause severe infections that are difficult to treat. One of the reasons for the constant development of new antimicrobial agents is the need to overcome the resistance that has developed against existing drugs. However, this approach is not sustainable in the long term, as bacteria can quickly develop resistance to new drugs as well. Additionally, the development of new drugs is costly and time-consuming, and there is no guarantee that new drugs will be effective or safe. An alternative approach to combat AMR is to focus on improving the body's natural defenses against infections by using probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics, which are helpful to restore and maintain a healthy balance of bacteria in the body. Probiotics are live microorganisms that can be consumed as food or supplements to promote gut health and improve the body's natural defenses against infections. Prebiotics are non-digestible fibers that stimulate the growth of beneficial bacteria in the gut, while synbiotics are a combination of probiotics and prebiotics that work together to improve gut health. By promoting a healthy balance of bacteria in the body, these can help to reduce the risk of infections and the need for antimicrobial agents. Additionally, these approaches are generally safe and well tolerated, and they do not contribute to the development of AMR. In conclusion, the continuous development of new antimicrobial agents is not a sustainable approach to combat AMR. Instead, alternative approaches such as probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics should be considered as they can help to promote a healthy balance of bacteria in the body and reduce the need for antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tsegahun Asfaw
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia
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Shi F, Wang L, Li S. Enhancement in the physicochemical properties, antioxidant activity, volatile compounds, and non-volatile compounds of watermelon juices through Lactobacillus plantarum JHT78 fermentation. Food Chem 2023; 420:136146. [PMID: 37075574 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the influences of Lactobacillus plantarum JHT78 fermentation on the physiological properties, antioxidant activities, and volatile/non-volatile metabolites of watermelon juices were comprehensively investigated. The results indicated that total polyphenols flavonoids and anthocyanin in the watermelon juices remarkably increased through L. plantarum JHT78 fermentation. L. plantarum JHT78 fermentation enhanced the antioxidant activities, lipase inhibition, and α-glucosidase activities of watermelon juices. A total of 62 volatile compounds were detected using HS-SPME-GC-MS, mainly including 11 acids, 8 aldehydes, 7 ketones, and 7 alcohols. The abundance of 19 volatile compounds especially for acids remarkably increased for the fermentated watermelon juice. Furthermore, non-volatile compounds detected by UHPLC-QTOF-MS revealed that L. plantarum JHT78 significantly altered the non-volatile compounds of watermelon juices, especially increased indole-3-lactic acid. The results confirmed that L. plantarum JHT78 enhanced the functionality of watermelon juices thus providing a theoretical basis for the development of LAB on plant-based beverages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Shi
- Department of Food and Biological Engineering, Beijing Vocational College of Agriculture, Beijing 102442, China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Food and Biological Engineering, Beijing Vocational College of Agriculture, Beijing 102442, China
| | - Shurong Li
- Department of Food and Biological Engineering, Beijing Vocational College of Agriculture, Beijing 102442, China.
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Anti-Biofilm Activities of Chinese Poplar Propolis Essential Oil against Streptococcus mutans. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14163290. [PMID: 36014799 PMCID: PMC9412247 DOI: 10.3390/nu14163290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) is a common cariogenic bacterium that secretes glucosyltransferases (GTFs) to synthesize extracellular polysaccharides (EPSs) and plays an important role in plaque formation. Propolis essential oil (PEO) is one of the main components of propolis, and its antibacterial activity has been proven. However, little is known about the potential effects of PEO against S. mutans. We found that PEO has antibacterial effects against S. mutans by decreasing bacterial viability within the biofilm, as demonstrated by the XTT assay, live/dead staining assay, LDH activity assay, and leakage of calcium ions. Furthermore, PEO also suppresses the total of biofilm biomasses and damages the biofilm structure. The underlying mechanisms involved may be related to inhibiting bacterial adhesion and GTFs activity, resulting in decreased production of EPSs. In addition, a CCK8 assay suggests that PEO has no cytotoxicity on normal oral epithelial cells. Overall, PEO has great potential for preventing and treating oral bacterial infections caused by S. mutans.
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