1
|
Hu T, Kumar AR, Luo Y, Tay A. Automating CAR-T Transfection with Micro and Nano-Technologies. SMALL METHODS 2023:e2301300. [PMID: 38054597 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202301300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer poses a significant health challenge, with traditional treatments like surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy often lacking in cell specificity and long-term curative potential. Chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy,utilizing genetically engineered T cells to target cancer cells, is a promising alternative. However, its high cost limits widespread application. CAR-T manufacturing process encompasses three stages: cell isolation and activation, transfection, and expansion.While the first and last stages have straightforward, commercially available automation technologies, the transfection stage lags behind. Current automated transfection relies on viral vectors or bulk electroporation, which have drawbacks such as limited cargo capacity and significant cell disturbance. Conversely, micro and nano-tool methods offer higher throughput and cargo flexibility, yet their automation remains underexplored.In this perspective, the progress in micro and nano-engineering tools for CAR-T transfection followed by a discussion to automate them is described. It is anticipated that this work can inspire the community working on micro and nano transfection techniques to examine how their protocols can be automated to align with the growing interest in automating CAR-T manufacturing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianmu Hu
- Engineering Science Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117575, Singapore
| | - Arun Rk Kumar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117583, Singapore
- Institute for Health Innovation & Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
| | - Yikai Luo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117583, Singapore
- Institute for Health Innovation & Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
| | - Andy Tay
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117583, Singapore
- Institute for Health Innovation & Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
- Tissue Engineering Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117510, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rastogi V, Yadav P, Porwal M, Sur S, Verma A. Dendrimer as nanocarrier for drug delivery and drug targeting therapeutics: a fundamental to advanced systematic review. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2022.2158334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vaibhav Rastogi
- Teerthanker Mahaveer College of Pharmacy, Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad, India
| | - Pragya Yadav
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida, India
| | - Mayur Porwal
- Teerthanker Mahaveer College of Pharmacy, Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad, India
| | - Souvik Sur
- Research and Development Center, Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad, India
| | - Anurag Verma
- Teerthanker Mahaveer College of Pharmacy, Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Agarwal M, Alam MR, Haider MK, Malik MZ, Kim DK. Alzheimer's Disease: An Overview of Major Hypotheses and Therapeutic Options in Nanotechnology. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 11:E59. [PMID: 33383712 PMCID: PMC7823376 DOI: 10.3390/nano11010059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), a progressively fatal neurodegenerative disorder, is the most prominent form of dementia found today. Patients suffering from Alzheimer's begin to show the signs and symptoms, like decline in memory and cognition, long after the cellular damage has been initiated in their brain. There are several hypothesis for the neurodegeneration process; however, the lack of availability of in vivo models makes the recapitulation of AD in humans impossible. Moreover, the drugs currently available in the market serve to alleviate the symptoms and there is no cure for the disease. There have been two major hurdles in the process of finding the same-the inefficiency in cracking the complexity of the disease pathogenesis and the inefficiency in delivery of drugs targeted for AD. This review discusses the different drugs that have been designed over the recent years and the drug delivery options in the field of nanotechnology that have been found most feasible in surpassing the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and reaching the brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mugdha Agarwal
- Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida 201309, India;
| | - Mohammad Rizwan Alam
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Korea;
| | | | - Md. Zubbair Malik
- School of Computational and Integrative Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Dae-Kwang Kim
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Korea;
- Hanvit Institute for Medical Genetics, Daegu 42601, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Naik S, Shreya AB, Raychaudhuri R, Pandey A, Lewis SA, Hazarika M, Bhandary SV, Rao BSS, Mutalik S. Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) based gene silencing strategies for the treatment of glaucoma: Recent advancements and future perspectives. Life Sci 2020; 264:118712. [PMID: 33159955 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
RNA-interference-based mechanisms, especially the use of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), have been under investigation for the treatment of several ailments and have shown promising results for ocular diseases including glaucoma. The eye, being a confined compartment, serves as a good target for the delivery of siRNAs. This review focuses on siRNA-based strategies for gene silencing to treat glaucoma. We have discussed the ocular structures and barriers to gene therapy (tear film, corneal, conjunctival, vitreous, and blood ocular barriers), methods of administration for ocular gene delivery (topical instillation, periocular, intracameral, intravitreal, subretinal, and suprachoroidal routes) and various viral and non-viral vectors in siRNA-based therapy for glaucoma. The components and mechanism of siRNA-based gene silencing have been mentioned briefly followed by the basic strategies and challenges faced during siRNA therapeutics development. We have emphasized different therapeutic targets for glaucoma which have been under research by scientists and the current siRNA-based drugs used in glaucoma treatment. We also mention briefly strategies for siRNA-based treatment after glaucoma surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Santoshi Naik
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka State, India
| | - Ajjappla Basavaraj Shreya
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka State, India
| | - Ruchira Raychaudhuri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka State, India
| | - Abhijeet Pandey
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka State, India
| | - Shaila A Lewis
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka State, India
| | - Manali Hazarika
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka State, India
| | - Sulatha V Bhandary
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka State, India
| | - Bola Sadashiva Satish Rao
- Director - Research, Directorte of Research, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal and School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka State, India
| | - Srinivas Mutalik
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka State, India.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gorzkiewicz M, Konopka M, Janaszewska A, Tarasenko II, Sheveleva NN, Gajek A, Neelov IM, Klajnert-Maculewicz B. Application of new lysine-based peptide dendrimers D3K2 and D3G2 for gene delivery: Specific cytotoxicity to cancer cells and transfection in vitro. Bioorg Chem 2019; 95:103504. [PMID: 31864904 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In order to enhance intracellular uptake and accumulation of therapeutic nucleic acids for improved gene therapy methods, numerous delivery vectors have been elaborated. Based on their origin, gene carriers are generally classified as viral or non-viral vectors. Due to their significantly reduced immunogenicity and highly optimized methods of synthesis, nanoparticles (especially those imitating natural biomolecules) constitute a promising alternative for virus-based delivery devices. Thus, we set out to develop innovative peptide dendrimers for clinical application as transfection agents and gene carriers. In the present work we describe the synthesis of two novel lysine-based dendritic macromolecules (D3K2 and D3G2) and their initial characterization for cytotoxicity/genotoxicity and transfection potential in two human cell line models: cervix adenocarcinoma (HeLa) and microvascular endothelial (HMEC-1). This approach allowed us to identify more cationic D3K2 as potent delivery agent, being able to increase intracellular accumulation of large nucleic acid molecules such as plasmids. Moreover, the dendrimers exhibited specific cytotoxicity towards cancer cell line without showing significant toxic effects on normal cells. These observations are promising prognosis for future clinical application of this type of nanoparticles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michal Gorzkiewicz
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 141/143 Pomorska St., 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Konopka
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 141/143 Pomorska St., 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - Anna Janaszewska
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 141/143 Pomorska St., 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - Irina I Tarasenko
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoi Prospect 31, V.O., St. Petersburg 199004, Russia
| | - Nadezhda N Sheveleva
- St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg 199034, Russia; Laboratory of Physics, Lappeenranta University of Technology, Box 20, 53851 Lappeenranta, Finland
| | - Arkadiusz Gajek
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 141/143 Pomorska St., 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - Igor M Neelov
- St. Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics (ITMO University), Kronverkskiy pr. 49, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Barbara Klajnert-Maculewicz
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 141/143 Pomorska St., 90-236 Lodz, Poland; Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., 6 Hohe St., 01069 Dresden, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Gigante A, Li M, Junghänel S, Hirschhäuser C, Knauer S, Schmuck C. Non-viral transfection vectors: are hybrid materials the way forward? MEDCHEMCOMM 2019; 10:1692-1718. [PMID: 32180915 PMCID: PMC7053704 DOI: 10.1039/c9md00275h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Transfection is a process by which oligonucleotides (DNA or RNA) are delivered into living cells. This allows the synthesis of target proteins as well as their inhibition (gene silencing). However, oligonucleotides cannot cross the plasma membrane by themselves; therefore, efficient carriers are needed for successful gene delivery. Recombinant viruses are among the earliest described vectors. Unfortunately, they have severe drawbacks such as toxicity and immunogenicity. In this regard, the development of non-viral transfection vectors has attracted increasing interests, and has become an important field of research. In the first part of this review we start with a tutorial introduction into the biological backgrounds of gene transfection followed by the classical non-viral vectors (cationic organic carriers and inorganic nanoparticles). In the second part we highlight selected recent reports, which demonstrate that hybrid vectors that combine key features of classical carriers are a remarkable strategy to address the current challenges in gene delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Gigante
- Institute of Organic Chemistry , University of Duisburg-Essen , 45141 Essen , Germany .
| | - M Li
- Institute of Organic Chemistry , University of Duisburg-Essen , 45141 Essen , Germany .
| | - S Junghänel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry , University of Duisburg-Essen , 45141 Essen , Germany .
- Biomedical Technology Center of the Medical Faculty , University of Muenster , Muenster , Germany
| | - C Hirschhäuser
- Institute of Organic Chemistry , University of Duisburg-Essen , 45141 Essen , Germany .
| | - S Knauer
- Faculty of Biology , University of Duisburg-Essen , 45141 Essen , Germany
| | - C Schmuck
- Institute of Organic Chemistry , University of Duisburg-Essen , 45141 Essen , Germany .
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mignani S, Shi X, Zablocka M, Majoral JP. Dendrimer-Enabled Therapeutic Antisense Delivery Systems as Innovation in Medicine. Bioconjug Chem 2019; 30:1938-1950. [PMID: 31246431 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.9b00385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Antisense oligonucleotide (AON)-based therapies concern the treatment for genetic disorders or infections such as a range of neurodegenerative and neuromuscular diseases and have shown benefits in animal models and patients. Nevertheless, successes in the clinic are still strongly limited by unfavorable biodistribution and poor cellular uptake of AONs. Dendrimer macromolecules are synthetically accessible and consist of a core with repeated iterations (named branches) surrounding this core, and on the periphery functional groups which can be modified for ligand attachment. The generations of these branched nanoparticles are based on the number of branches emanating from the core with layered architectures. Dendrimers show promise in several biomedical applications based on their tunable surface modifications allowing the adjustment of their in vivo behavior related to biocompatibility and pharmacokinetic parameters. Dendrimers can be used as nanocarriers of various types of drugs including AONs or nanodrugs. As nanocarriers, polycationic dendrimers can complex multiple negatively charged DNA oligonucleotides on their surface and form stable complexes to promote internalization into the cells based on a good cell membrane affinity. These nanocarriers complexing antisense oligonucleotides must be stable enough to reach the cellular target, but with adequate in vivo global clearance, and have good pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) profiles. This Review was designed to analyze the development of AONs carried by polycationic and polyanionic (few example) dendrimers. This Review strongly supports the idea that dendrimers, with adequate modulation of their terminal groups, could be used to carry AONs in cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Serge Mignani
- Department of Pharmacy , Zhengzhou Railway Vocational & Technical College , Zhengzhou 450018 , China.,Université Paris Descartes, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 860 , Laboratoire de Chimie et de Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologique , 45, rue des Saints Peres , 75006 Paris , France.,CQM - Centro de Química da Madeira, MMRG , Universidade da Madeira , Campus da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal , Portugal.,Glycovax Pharma , 424 Guy Street, Suite 202 , Montreal , Quebec H3J 1S6 , Canada
| | - Xiangyang Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology , Donghua University , Shanghai 201620 , China
| | - Maria Zablocka
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies , Polish Academy of Sciences , Sienkiewicza 112 , 90-363 Lodz , Poland
| | - Jean-Pierre Majoral
- Department of Pharmacy , Zhengzhou Railway Vocational & Technical College , Zhengzhou 450018 , China.,Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination du CNRS , 205 route de Narbonne , 31077 , Toulouse Cedex 4, France.,Université Toulouse , 118 route de Narbonne , 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Jativa SD, Thapar N, Broyles D, Dikici E, Daftarian P, Jiménez JJ, Daunert S, Deo SK. Enhanced Delivery of Plasmid DNA to Skeletal Muscle Cells using a DLC8-Binding Peptide and ASSLNIA-Modified PAMAM Dendrimer. Mol Pharm 2019; 16:2376-2384. [PMID: 30951315 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b01313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is ideally suited and highly desirable as a target for therapeutic gene delivery because of its abundance, high vascularization, and high levels of protein expression. However, efficient gene delivery to skeletal muscle remains a current challenge. Besides the major obstacle of cell-specific targeting, efficient intracellular trafficking, or the cytosolic transport of DNA to the nucleus, must be demonstrated. To overcome the challenge of cell-specific targeting, herein we develop a generation 5-polyamidoamine dendrimer (G5-PAMAM) functionalized with a skeletal muscle-targeted peptide, ASSLNIA (G5-SMTP). Specifically, to demonstrate the feasibility of our approach, we prepared a complex of our G5-SMTP dendrimer with a plasmid encoding firefly luciferase and investigated its delivery to skeletal muscle cells. Luciferase assays indicated a threefold increase in transfection efficiency of C2C12 murine skeletal muscle cells using G5-SMTP when compared with nontargeting nanocarriers using unmodified G5. To further improve the transfection yield, we employed a cationic dynein light chain 8 protein (DLC8)-binding peptide (DBP) containing an internal sequence known to bind to the DLC8 of the dynein motor protein complex. Complexation of DBP with our targeting nanocarrier, that is, G5-SMTP, and our luciferase plasmid cargo resulted in a functional nanocarrier that showed an additional sixfold increase in transfection efficiency compared with G5-SMTP transfection alone. To our knowledge, this is the first successful use of two different functional nanocarrier components that enable targeted skeletal muscle cell recognition and increased efficiency of intracellular trafficking to synergistically enhance gene delivery to skeletal muscle cells. This strategy of targeting and trafficking can also be universally applied to any cell/tissue type for which a recognition domain exists.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel D Jativa
- University of Miami Clinical and Translational Science Institute , Miami 33136 , United States
| | | | - David Broyles
- Dr. JT Macdonald Foundation Biomedical Nanotechnology Institute of the University of Miami , Miami 33136 , United States
| | - Emre Dikici
- Dr. JT Macdonald Foundation Biomedical Nanotechnology Institute of the University of Miami , Miami 33136 , United States
| | - Pirouz Daftarian
- JSR Micro, Life Sciences , 1280 North Matilda Avenue , Sunnyvale , California 94089 , United States
| | | | - Sylvia Daunert
- Dr. JT Macdonald Foundation Biomedical Nanotechnology Institute of the University of Miami , Miami 33136 , United States.,University of Miami Clinical and Translational Science Institute , Miami 33136 , United States
| | - Sapna K Deo
- Dr. JT Macdonald Foundation Biomedical Nanotechnology Institute of the University of Miami , Miami 33136 , United States.,University of Miami Clinical and Translational Science Institute , Miami 33136 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ahmed H, Shubina-Oleinik O, Holt JR. Emerging Gene Therapies for Genetic Hearing Loss. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol 2017; 18:649-670. [PMID: 28815315 PMCID: PMC5612923 DOI: 10.1007/s10162-017-0634-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene therapy, or the treatment of human disease using genetic material, for inner ear dysfunction is coming of age. Recent progress in developing gene therapy treatments for genetic hearing loss has demonstrated tantalizing proof-of-principle in animal models. While successful translation of this progress into treatments for humans awaits, there is growing interest from patients, scientists, clinicians, and industry. Nonetheless, it is clear that a number of hurdles remain, and expectations for total restoration of auditory function should remain tempered until these challenges have been overcome. Here, we review progress, prospects, and challenges for gene therapy in the inner ear. We focus on technical aspects, including routes of gene delivery to the inner ear, choice of vectors, promoters, inner ear targets, therapeutic strategies, preliminary success stories, and points to consider for translating of these successes to the clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hena Ahmed
- Departments of Otolaryngology and Neurology, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Olga Shubina-Oleinik
- Departments of Otolaryngology and Neurology, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Holt
- Departments of Otolaryngology and Neurology, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Sun D, Sahu B, Gao S, Schur RM, Vaidya AM, Maeda A, Palczewski K, Lu ZR. Targeted Multifunctional Lipid ECO Plasmid DNA Nanoparticles as Efficient Non-viral Gene Therapy for Leber's Congenital Amaurosis. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2017. [PMID: 28624218 PMCID: PMC5363681 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2017.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Development of a gene delivery system with high efficiency and a good safety profile is essential for successful gene therapy. Here we developed a targeted non-viral delivery system using a multifunctional lipid ECO for treating Leber’s congenital amaurosis type 2 (LCA2) and tested this in a mouse model. ECO formed stable nanoparticles with plasmid DNA (pDNA) at a low amine to phosphate (N/P) ratio and mediated high gene transfection efficiency in ARPE-19 cells because of their intrinsic properties of pH-sensitive amphiphilic endosomal escape and reductive cytosolic release (PERC). All-trans-retinylamine, which binds to interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRBP), was incorporated into the nanoparticles via a polyethylene glycol (PEG) spacer for targeted delivery of pDNA into the retinal pigmented epithelium. The targeted ECO/pDNA nanoparticles provided high GFP expression in the RPE of 1-month-old Rpe65−/− mice after subretinal injection. Such mice also exhibited a significant increase in electroretinographic activity, and this therapeutic effect continued for at least 120 days. A safety study in wild-type BALB/c mice indicated no irreversible retinal damage following subretinal injection of these targeted nanoparticles. All-trans-retinylamine-modified ECO/pDNA nanoparticles provide a promising non-viral platform for safe and effective treatment of RPE-specific monogenic eye diseases such as LCA2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Da Sun
- Case Center for Biomolecular Engineering and Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Bhubanananda Sahu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Songqi Gao
- Department of Pharmacology and Cleveland Center for Membrane and Structural Biology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44140, USA
| | - Rebecca M Schur
- Case Center for Biomolecular Engineering and Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Amita M Vaidya
- Case Center for Biomolecular Engineering and Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Akiko Maeda
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Krzysztof Palczewski
- Department of Pharmacology and Cleveland Center for Membrane and Structural Biology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44140, USA
| | - Zheng-Rong Lu
- Case Center for Biomolecular Engineering and Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Silva Adaya D, Aguirre-Cruz L, Guevara J, Ortiz-Islas E. Nanobiomaterials' applications in neurodegenerative diseases. J Biomater Appl 2016; 31:953-984. [PMID: 28178902 DOI: 10.1177/0885328216659032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier is the interface between the blood and brain, impeding the passage of most circulating cells and molecules, protecting the latter from foreign substances, and maintaining central nervous system homeostasis. However, its restrictive nature constitutes an obstacle, preventing therapeutic drugs from entering the brain. Usually, a large systemic dose is required to achieve pharmacological therapeutic levels in the brain, leading to adverse effects in the body. As a consequence, various strategies are being developed to enhance the amount and concentration of therapeutic compounds in the brain. One such tool is nanotechnology, in which nanostructures that are 1-100 nm are designed to deliver drugs to the brain. In this review, we examine many nanotechnology-based approaches to the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. The review begins with a brief history of nanotechnology, followed by a discussion of its definition, the properties of most reported nanomaterials, their biocompatibility, the mechanisms of cell-material interactions, and the current status of nanotechnology in treating Alzheimer's, Parkinson's diseases, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Of all strategies to deliver drug to the brain that are used in nanotechnology, drug release systems are the most frequently reported.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Silva Adaya
- 1 Experimental Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Manuel Velasco Suárez, México City, Mexico
| | - Lucinda Aguirre-Cruz
- 2 Laboratory of Neuroimmunoendocrinology, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Manuel Velasco Suárez, México City, Mexico
| | - Jorge Guevara
- 3 Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mèxico City, Mexico
| | - Emma Ortiz-Islas
- 4 Nanotechnology Laboratory, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery, México City, Manuel Velasco Suárez, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Alajangi HK, Natarajan P, Vij M, Ganguli M, Santhiya D. Role of Unmodified Low Generation - PAMAM Dendrimers in Efficient Non-Toxic Gene Transfection. ChemistrySelect 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201600576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hema Kumari Alajangi
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Polymer Technology; Delhi Technological University
| | | | - Manika Vij
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology; Mathura Road Delhi
| | - Munia Ganguli
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology; Mathura Road Delhi
| | - Deenan Santhiya
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Polymer Technology; Delhi Technological University
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kamaruzaman KA, Moyle PM, Toth I. Peptide-Based Multicomponent Oligonucleotide Delivery Systems: Optimisation of Poly-l-lysine Dendrons for Plasmid DNA Delivery. Int J Pept Res Ther 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-016-9545-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
14
|
Moreno S, Ortega P, de la Mata FJ, Ottaviani MF, Cangiotti M, Fattori A, Muñoz-Fernández MÁ, Gómez R. Bifunctional Chelating Agents Based on Ionic Carbosilane Dendrons with DO3A at the Focal Point and Their Complexation Behavior with Copper(II). Inorg Chem 2015; 54:8943-56. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b01047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Moreno
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcalá, Edificio de Farmacia 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Spain/Networking Research Center of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), C/ Poeta Mariano Esquillor s/n 50018, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Paula Ortega
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcalá, Edificio de Farmacia 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Spain/Networking Research Center of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), C/ Poeta Mariano Esquillor s/n 50018, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier de la Mata
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcalá, Edificio de Farmacia 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Spain/Networking Research Center of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), C/ Poeta Mariano Esquillor s/n 50018, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Maria Francesca. Ottaviani
- Departments
of Earth, Life and Environment Sciences, University of Urbino, Via Ca’ le Suore 2/4, Urbino 61029, Italy
| | - Michela Cangiotti
- Departments
of Earth, Life and Environment Sciences, University of Urbino, Via Ca’ le Suore 2/4, Urbino 61029, Italy
| | - Alberto Fattori
- Departments
of Earth, Life and Environment Sciences, University of Urbino, Via Ca’ le Suore 2/4, Urbino 61029, Italy
| | - María Ángeles Muñoz-Fernández
- Laboratorio
de Inmunobiologia Molecular, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañon, Madrid, Spain
- Spain/Networking Research Center of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), C/ Poeta Mariano Esquillor s/n 50018, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Rafael Gómez
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcalá, Edificio de Farmacia 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Spain/Networking Research Center of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), C/ Poeta Mariano Esquillor s/n 50018, Zaragoza, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Sun D, Maeno H, Gujrati M, Schur R, Maeda A, Maeda T, Palczewski K, Lu ZR. Self-Assembly of a Multifunctional Lipid With Core-Shell Dendrimer DNA Nanoparticles Enhanced Efficient Gene Delivery at Low Charge Ratios into RPE Cells. Macromol Biosci 2015; 15:1663-72. [PMID: 26271011 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201500192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2015] [Revised: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Development of safe and effective gene delivery systems is essential in treating ocular genetic disorders. A hybrid nonviral system composed of a multifunctional lipid ECO and a G4 nanoglobule was designed for efficient gene delivery into RPE cells at low charge ratios. This system formed stable DNA nanoparticles at low N/P ratios, exhibited low cytotoxicity, and induced higher GFP expression in ARPE-19 cells at N/P = 6. The hybrid nanoparticles mediated significant reporter gene GFP expression ex-vivo in the retina from wild type C57 mice and in vivo in BALB/c mice. These hybrid nanoparticles are promising for in vitro and in vivo gene delivery at low charge ratios.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Da Sun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio , 44140, USA
| | - Hiroshi Maeno
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, 44140, USA
| | - Maneesh Gujrati
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio , 44140, USA
| | - Rebecca Schur
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio , 44140, USA
| | - Akiko Maeda
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, 44140, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Cleveland Center for Membrane and Structural Biology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, 44140, USA
| | - Tadao Maeda
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, 44140, USA
| | - Krzysztof Palczewski
- Department of Pharmacology, Cleveland Center for Membrane and Structural Biology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, 44140, USA
| | - Zheng-Rong Lu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio , 44140, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Martinho N, Florindo H, Silva L, Brocchini S, Zloh M, Barata T. Molecular Modeling to Study Dendrimers for Biomedical Applications. Molecules 2014; 19:20424-20467. [PMID: 25493631 PMCID: PMC6270869 DOI: 10.3390/molecules191220424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Revised: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular modeling techniques provide a powerful tool to study the properties of molecules and their interactions at the molecular level. The use of computational techniques to predict interaction patterns and molecular properties can inform the design of drug delivery systems and therapeutic agents. Dendrimers are hyperbranched macromolecular structures that comprise repetitive building blocks and have defined architecture and functionality. Their unique structural features can be exploited to design novel carriers for both therapeutic and diagnostic agents. Many studies have been performed to iteratively optimise the properties of dendrimers in solution as well as their interaction with drugs, nucleic acids, proteins and lipid membranes. Key features including dendrimer size and surface have been revealed that can be modified to increase their performance as drug carriers. Computational studies have supported experimental work by providing valuable insights about dendrimer structure and possible molecular interactions at the molecular level. The progress in computational simulation techniques and models provides a basis to improve our ability to better predict and understand the biological activities and interactions of dendrimers. This review will focus on the use of molecular modeling tools for the study and design of dendrimers, with particular emphasis on the efforts that have been made to improve the efficacy of this class of molecules in biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nuno Martinho
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, Lisbon 1649-003, Portugal
| | - Helena Florindo
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, Lisbon 1649-003, Portugal
| | - Liana Silva
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, Lisbon 1649-003, Portugal
| | - Steve Brocchini
- Department of Pharmaceutics, The School of Pharmacy, University of London, 29/39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Mire Zloh
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Hertfordshire, College Lane, Hatfield AL10 9AB, UK.
| | - Teresa Barata
- Department of Pharmaceutics, The School of Pharmacy, University of London, 29/39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kodama Y, Nakamura T, Kurosaki T, Egashira K, Mine T, Nakagawa H, Muro T, Kitahara T, Higuchi N, Sasaki H. Biodegradable nanoparticles composed of dendrigraft poly-L-lysine for gene delivery. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2014; 87:472-9. [PMID: 24813391 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2014.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Revised: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
We developed novel gene vectors composed of dendrigraft poly-L-lysine (DGL). The transgene expression efficiency of the pDNA/DGL complexes (DGL complexes) was markedly higher than that of the control pDNA/poly-L-lysine complex. However, the DGL complexes caused cytotoxicity and erythrocyte agglutination at high doses. Therefore, γ-polyglutamic acid (γ-PGA), which is a biodegradable anionic polymer, was added to the DGL complexes to decrease their toxicity. The resultant ternary complexes (DGL/γ-PGA complexes) were shown to be stable nanoparticles, and those with γ-PGA to pDNA charge ratios of >8 had anionic surface charges. The transgene expression efficiency of the DGL/γ-PGA complexes was similar to that of the DGL complexes; however, they exhibited lower cytotoxicity and did not induce erythrocyte agglutination at high doses. After being intravenously administered to mice, the DGL6 complex demonstrated high transfection efficiency in the liver, lungs, and spleen, whereas the DGL6/γ-PGA8 complex only displayed high transfection efficiency in the spleen. Future studies should examine the utility of DGL and DGL/γ-PGA complexes for clinical gene therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yukinobu Kodama
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Tadahiro Nakamura
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Kurosaki
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kanoko Egashira
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Toyoharu Mine
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hiroo Nakagawa
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Takahiro Muro
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Takashi Kitahara
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Norihide Higuchi
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Sasaki
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
How to study dendrimers and dendriplexes III. Biodistribution, pharmacokinetics and toxicity in vivo. J Control Release 2014; 181:40-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Revised: 02/21/2014] [Accepted: 02/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
19
|
Chaplot SP, Rupenthal ID. Dendrimers for gene delivery – a potential approach for ocular therapy? J Pharm Pharmacol 2013; 66:542-56. [DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2013] [Accepted: 06/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
A vast number of blinding diseases have genetic aetiologies and may be treated by molecular based therapies such as antisense oligonucleotides or short interfering RNA. However, treatment success of ocular gene therapy is highly dependent on efficient delivery of such molecules.
Key findings
The majority of clinical studies for ocular gene therapy utilize viral vectors. While these have proven highly efficient, they show limited loading capacity and pose significant safety risks owing to their oncogenic and immunogenic effects. Non-viral gene carriers have emerged as a promising alternative with dendrimers providing great potential for gene therapy because of their size, shape and high density of modifiable surface groups. However, while dendrimers have been used extensively for drug and gene delivery to other organs, only a few studies have been reported on the eye.
Summary
This review focuses on the development of dendrimers for gene delivery with special emphasis on ocular gene therapy. Different synthesis approaches and types of dendrimers are discussed. Ocular gene therapy targets are highlighted with an overview of current clinical studies. The use of dendrimers in ocular gene delivery in comparison to liposomes and nanoparticles is also discussed. Finally, future prospects of tailored multifunctional dendrimers for ocular gene therapy are highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sahil P Chaplot
- Drug Delivery Research Unit, School of Pharmacy, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Ilva D Rupenthal
- Department of Ophthalmology, New Zealand National Eye Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
|
21
|
Ionov M, Garaiova Z, Waczulikova I, Wróbel D, Pędziwiatr-Werbicka E, Gomez-Ramirez R, de la Mata FJ, Klajnert B, Hianik T, Bryszewska M. siRNA carriers based on carbosilane dendrimers affect zeta potential and size of phospholipid vesicles. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2012; 1818:2209-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2012.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2012] [Revised: 04/24/2012] [Accepted: 04/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
|
22
|
Pan J, Ma L, Li B, Li Y, Guo L. Novel Dendritic Naproxen Prodrugs with Poly(aspartic Acid) Oligopeptide: Synthesis and Hydroxyapatite Binding in Vitro. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2011.584259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junzhu Pan
- a Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Education Ministry, Department of Medicinal Chemistry , West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University , Chengdu , China
| | - Lifang Ma
- b School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University , Chengdu , China
| | - Bo Li
- a Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Education Ministry, Department of Medicinal Chemistry , West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University , Chengdu , China
| | - Yanhua Li
- a Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Education Ministry, Department of Medicinal Chemistry , West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University , Chengdu , China
| | - Li Guo
- a Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Education Ministry, Department of Medicinal Chemistry , West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University , Chengdu , China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Cabane E, Zhang X, Langowska K, Palivan CG, Meier W. Stimuli-responsive polymers and their applications in nanomedicine. Biointerphases 2012; 7:9. [PMID: 22589052 DOI: 10.1007/s13758-011-0009-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 243] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2011] [Accepted: 11/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on smart nano-materials built of stimuli-responsive (SR) polymers and will discuss their numerous applications in the biomedical field. The authors will first provide an overview of different stimuli and their corresponding, responsive polymers. By introducing myriad functionalities, SR polymers present a wide range of possibilities in the design of stimuli-responsive devices, making use of virtually all types of polymer constructs, from self-assembled structures (micelles, vesicles) to surfaces (polymer brushes, films) as described in the second section of the review. In the last section of this review the authors report on some of the most promising applications of stimuli-responsive polymers in nanomedicine. In particular, we will discuss applications pertaining to diagnosis, where SR polymers are used to construct sensors capable of selective recognition and quantification of analytes and physical variables, as well as imaging devices. We will also highlight some examples of responsive systems used for therapeutic applications, including smart drug delivery systems (micelles, vesicles, dendrimers...) and surfaces for regenerative medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Etienne Cabane
- Chemistry Department, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 80, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Gene delivery using dendrimer-entrapped gold nanoparticles as nonviral vectors. Biomaterials 2012; 33:3025-35. [PMID: 22248990 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.12.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2011] [Accepted: 12/26/2011] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Development of highly efficient nonviral gene delivery vectors still remains a great challenge. In this study, we report a new gene delivery vector based on dendrimer-entrapped gold nanoparticles (Au DENPs) with significantly higher gene transfection efficiency than that of dendrimers without AuNPs entrapped. Amine-terminated generation 5 poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers (G5.NH(2)) were utilized as templates to synthesize AuNPs with different Au atom/dendrimer molar ratios (25:1, 50:1, 75:1, and 100:1, respectively). The formed Au DENPs were used to complex two different pDNAs encoding luciferase (Luc) and enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP), respectively for gene transfection studies. The Au DENPs/pDNA polyplexes with different N/P ratios and compositions of Au DENPs were characterized by gel retardation assay, light scattering, zeta potential measurements, and atomic force microscopic imaging. We show that the Au DENPs can effectively compact the pDNA, allowing for highly efficient gene transfection into the selected cell lines as demonstrated by both Luc assay and fluorescence microscopic imaging of the EGFP expression. The transfection efficiency of Au DENPs with Au atom/dendrimer molar ratio of 25:1 was at least 100 times higher than that of G5.NH(2) dendrimers without AuNPs entrapped at the N/P ratio of 2.5:1. The higher gene transfection efficiency of Au DENPs is primarily due to the fact that the entrapment of AuNPs helps preserve the 3-dimensional spherical morphology of dendrimers, allowing for more efficient interaction between dendrimers and DNA. With the less cytotoxicity than that of G5.NH(2) dendrimers demonstrated by thiazoyl blue tetrazolium bromide assay and higher gene transfection efficiency, it is expected that Au DENPs may be used as a new gene delivery vector for highly efficient transfection of different genes for various biomedical applications.
Collapse
|
25
|
Kuchelmeister HY, Gutschmidt A, Tillmann S, Knauer S, Schmuck C. Efficient gene delivery into cells by a surprisingly small three-armed peptide ligand. Chem Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2sc01002j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
|
26
|
Abstract
Stable cell lines of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells are the predominant source of commercial -biopharmaceutical proteins. Because making suitable CHO cell lines is time-consuming and costly, -preliminary experiments with transient expression are usually performed to optimize as many protein -production parameters as possible. Here, we describe protocols for optimizing expression in transient expression experiments and isolating stable CHO cell lines using two types of self-made reagents, namely, lipoplexes and polyplexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renate Kunert
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria.
| | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Pavan G, Danani A. Dendrimers and dendrons for siRNA binding: computational insights. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s1773-2247(12)50008-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
28
|
Arima H, Motoyama K, Higashi T. Potential Use of Polyamidoamine Dendrimer Conjugates with Cyclodextrins as Novel Carriers for siRNA. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2011; 5:61-78. [PMID: 24288043 PMCID: PMC3763628 DOI: 10.3390/ph5010061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2011] [Revised: 12/20/2011] [Accepted: 12/21/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclodextrin (CyD)-based nanoparticles and polyamidoamine (PAMAM) starburst dendrimers (dendrimers) are used as novel carriers for DNA and RNA. Recently, small interfering RNA (siRNA) complex with β-CyD-containing polycations (CDP) having adamantine-PEG or adamantine-PEG-transferrin underwent a phase I study for treatment of solid tumors. Multifunctional dendrimers can be used for a wide range of biomedical applications, including the interaction and intracellular delivery of DNA and RNA. The present review will address the latest developments in dendrimer conjugates with cyclodextrins for siRNA delivery including the novel sustained release system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hidetoshi Arima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Venkataraman S, Hedrick JL, Ong ZY, Yang C, Ee PLR, Hammond PT, Yang YY. The effects of polymeric nanostructure shape on drug delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2011; 63:1228-46. [PMID: 21777633 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2011.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 349] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2011] [Revised: 06/13/2011] [Accepted: 06/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Amphiphilic polymeric nanostructures have long been well-recognized as an excellent candidate for drug delivery applications. With the recent advances in the "top-down" and "bottom-up" approaches, development of well-defined polymeric nanostructures of different shapes has been possible. Such a possibility of tailoring the shape of the nanostructures has allowed for the fabrication of model systems with chemically equivalent but topologically different carriers. With these model nanostructures, evaluation of the importance of particle shape in the context of biodistribution, cellular uptake and toxicity has become a major thrust area. Since most of the current polymeric delivery systems are based upon spherical nanostructures, understanding the implications of other shapes will allow for the development of next generation drug delivery vehicles. Herein we will review different approaches to fabricate polymeric nanostructures of various shapes, provide a comprehensive summary on the current understandings of the influence of nanostructures with different shapes on important biological processes in drug delivery, and discuss future perspectives for the development of nanostructures with well-defined shapes for drug delivery.
Collapse
|
30
|
Merkel OM, Zheng M, Debus H, Kissel T. Pulmonary gene delivery using polymeric nonviral vectors. Bioconjug Chem 2011; 23:3-20. [PMID: 21999216 DOI: 10.1021/bc200296q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary delivery provides an easy and well tolerated means of access for the administration of biomacromolecules to the pulmonary epithelium and could therefore be an attractive approach for local and systemic therapies. A growing number of reports, which are summarized in this review, mirror the viability of pulmonary gene delivery. Special attention has been paid to the biological barriers in the lung that must be overcome for successful delivery, and which can be divided into anatomic, physical, immunologic, and metabolic barriers. In light of these barriers, successful nonviral polymer-based formulations of therapeutic genes are presented depending on the chemical nature of the polymer. In addition to polyethyleneimine-based nonviral vectors, which have been most intensively studied for pulmonary gene delivery in the past, other polymeric, dendritic, and targeted materials are also described here, including novel and biodegradable polymers. As new materials need in vitro or ex vivo testing before in vivo application, sophisticated models for all three approaches have been illustrated. Although pulmonary siRNA delivery enjoys popularity in clinical trials, pulmonary gene delivery has so far not been translated into clinical applications. With this review, potential hurdles are demonstrated, but novel approaches that may lead to optimized systems are described as well.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olivia M Merkel
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmacy, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Ketzerbach 63, Marburg, Germany
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Kurosaki T, Yamashita Y, Aki K, Harasawa H, Nakagawa H, Kodama Y, Higuchi N, Nakamura T, Kitahara T, Sasaki H. Secure and effective gene vector of polyamidoamine dendrimer pharmaceutically modified with anionic polymer. J Pharm Sci 2011; 100:4855-63. [PMID: 21780118 DOI: 10.1002/jps.22701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2011] [Revised: 06/13/2011] [Accepted: 06/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to develop a new type of gene vector, polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendriplex pharmaceutically modified, based on electrostatic interactions, by various anionic polymers. The γ-polyglutamic acid (γ-PGA)/PAMAM dendriplex and the α-PGA/PAMAM dendriplex formed a stable complex, although α-polyaspartic acid and heparin released pDNA from the complex. The addition of anionic polymer decreased the ζ-potential, although it did not greatly affect the size of the complex. As a result of an in vitro gene expression study of mouse melanoma cells, we found that the γ-PGA/PAMAM dendriplex showed high gene expression comparable to the PAMAM dendriplex, although the α-PGA/PAMAM dendriplex showed lower gene expression. Tail vein injection of the γ-PGA/PAMAM dendriplex into mice also led to high gene expression in the spleen and lung. The γ-PGA/PAMAM dendriplex showed no cytotoxicity and no agglutination, although severe cytotoxicity and agglutination were observed in the PAMAM dendriplex. Thus, we discovered that complexes of pDNA, PAMAM dendrimers, and γ-PGA showed higher gene expression in vitro and in vivo, and markedly lower toxicity. This complex is valuable and is expected to be a safe and effective gene vector.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoaki Kurosaki
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Carbosilane dendrimers NN8 and NN16 form a stable complex with siGAG1. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2011; 83:388-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2010.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2010] [Revised: 10/12/2010] [Accepted: 11/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
33
|
Jensen LB, Pavan GM, Kasimova MR, Rutherford S, Danani A, Nielsen HM, Foged C. Elucidating the molecular mechanism of PAMAM-siRNA dendriplex self-assembly: effect of dendrimer charge density. Int J Pharm 2011; 416:410-8. [PMID: 21419201 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2011.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2010] [Revised: 03/08/2011] [Accepted: 03/09/2011] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Dendrimers are attractive vehicles for nucleic acid delivery due to monodispersity and ease of chemical design. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the self-assembly process between small interfering RNA (siRNA) and different generation poly(amidoamine) dendrimers and to characterize the resulting structures. The generation 4 (G4) and G7 displayed equal efficiencies for dendriplex aggregate formation, whereas G1 lacked this ability. Nanoparticle tracking analysis and dynamic light scattering showed reduced average size and increased polydispersity at higher dendrimer concentration. The nanoparticle tracking analysis indicated that electrostatic complexation results in an equilibrium between differently sized complex aggregates, where the centre of mass depends on the siRNA:dendrimer ratio. Isothermal titration calorimetric data suggested a simple binding for G1, whereas a biphasic binding was evident for G4 and G7 with an initial exothermic binding and a secondary endothermic formation of larger dendriplex aggregates, followed by agglomeration. The initial binding became increasingly exothermic as the generation increased, and the values were closely predicted by molecular dynamics simulations, which also demonstrated a generation dependent differences in the entropy of binding. The flexible G1 displayed the highest entropic penalty followed by the rigid G7, making the intermediate G4 the most suitable for dendriplex formation, showing favorable charge density for siRNA binding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linda B Jensen
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
|
35
|
Holladay C, Keeney M, Newland B, Mathew A, Wang W, Pandit A. A reliable method for detecting complexed DNA in vitro. NANOSCALE 2010; 2:2718-2723. [PMID: 20835447 DOI: 10.1039/c0nr00456a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Quantification of eluted nucleic acids is a critical parameter in characterizing biomaterial based gene-delivery systems. The most commonly used method is to assay samples with an intercalating fluorescent dye such as PicoGreen®. However, this technique was developed for unbound DNA and the current trend in gene delivery is to condense DNA with transfection reagents, which interfere with intercalation. Here, for the first time, the DNA was permanently labeled with the fluorescent dye Cy5 prior to complexation, an alternative technique hypothesized to allow quantification of both bound and unbound DNA. A comparison of the two methods was performed by quantifying the elution of six different varieties of DNA complexes from a model biomaterial (collagen) scaffold. After seven days of elution, the PicoGreen® assay only allowed detection of three types of complexes (those formed using Lipofectin™ and two synthesised copolymers). However, the Cy5 fluorescent labeling technique enabled detection of all six varieties including those formed via common transfection agents poly(ethylene imine), poly-L-lysine and SuperFect™. This allowed reliable quantification of the elution of all these complexes from the collagen scaffold. Thus, while intercalating dyes may be effective and reliable for detecting double-stranded, unbound DNA, the technique described in this work allowed reliable quantification of DNA independent of complexation state.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Holladay
- Network of Excellence for Functional Biomaterials, National University of Ireland, NFB building, IDA business park, Dangan, Newcastle, Galway, Ireland
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Jensen LB, Mortensen K, Pavan GM, Kasimova MR, Jensen DK, Gadzhyeva V, Nielsen HM, Foged C. Molecular Characterization of the Interaction between siRNA and PAMAM G7 Dendrimers by SAXS, ITC, and Molecular Dynamics Simulations. Biomacromolecules 2010; 11:3571-7. [DOI: 10.1021/bm101033g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Marina R. Kasimova
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark, Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Copenhagen, Denmark, and Mathematical and Physical Sciences Research Unit (SMF), University of Applied Sciences of Southern Switzerland (SUPSI), Centro Galleria 2, Manno, 6928, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Zhang KY, Liu HW, Fong TTH, Chen XG, Lo KKW. Luminescent Dendritic Cyclometalated Iridium(III) Polypyridine Complexes: Synthesis, Emission Behavior, and Biological Properties. Inorg Chem 2010; 49:5432-43. [DOI: 10.1021/ic902443e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Yin Zhang
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hua-Wei Liu
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tommy Tsz-Him Fong
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xian-Guang Chen
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kenneth Kam-Wing Lo
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Shcharbin D, Pedziwiatr E, Blasiak J, Bryszewska M. How to study dendriplexes II: Transfection and cytotoxicity. J Control Release 2009; 141:110-27. [PMID: 19815039 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2009.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2009] [Accepted: 09/22/2009] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This paper reviews different techniques for analyzing the transfection efficiencies and cytotoxicities of dendriplexes-complexes of nucleic acids with dendrimers. Analysis shows that three plasmids are mainly used in transfection experiments: plasmid DNA encoding luciferase from the firefly Photinus pyralis, beta-galactosidase, or green fluorescent protein. The effective charge ratio of transfection does not directly correlate with the charge ratio obtained from gel electrophoresis, zeta-potential or ethidium bromide intercalation data. The most popular cells for transfection studies are human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293), mouse embryonic cells (NIH/3T3), SV40 transformed monkey kidney fibroblasts (COS-7) and human epithelioid cervical carcinoma cells (HeLa). Cellular uptake is estimated using fluorescently-labeled dendrimers or nucleic acids. Transfection efficiency is measured by the luciferase reporter assay for luciferase, X-Gal staining or beta-galactosidase assay for beta-galactosidase, and confocal microscopy for green fluorescent protein. Cytotoxicity is determined by the MTT test and lactate dehydrogenase assays. On the basis of the papers reviewed, a standard essential set of techniques for characterizing dendriplexes was constructed: (1) analysis of size and shape of dendriplexes in dried/frozen state by electron or atomic force microscopy; (2) analysis of charge/molar ratio of complexes by gel electrophoresis or ethidium bromide intercalation assay or zeta-potential measurement; (3) analysis of hydrodynamic diameter of dendriplexes in solution by dynamic light scattering. For the evaluation of transfection efficiency the essential techniques are (4) luciferase reporter assay, beta-galactosidase assay or green fluorescent protein microscopy, and (5) cytotoxicity by the MTT test. All these tests allow the transfection efficiencies and cytotoxicities of different kinds of dendrimers to be compared.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dzmitry Shcharbin
- Institute of Biophysics and Cellular Engineering of NASB, Minsk, Belarus.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|