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Jin Z, Wang X. Traditional Chinese medicine and plant-derived natural products in regulating triglyceride metabolism: Mechanisms and therapeutic potential. Pharmacol Res 2024; 208:107387. [PMID: 39216839 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2024] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The incidence of cardiometabolic disease is increasing globally, with a trend toward younger age of onset. Among these, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of mortality worldwide. Despite the efficacy of traditional lipid-lowering drugs, such as statins, in reducing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, a significant residual risk of cardiovascular events remains, which is closely related to unmet triglyceride (TG) targets. The clinical application of current TG-lowering Western medicines has certain limitations, necessitating alternative or complementary therapeutic strategies. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and plant-derived natural products, known for their safety owing to their natural origins and diverse biological activities, offer promising avenues for TG regulation with potentially fewer side effects. This review systematically summarises the mechanisms of TG metabolism and subsequently reviews the regulatory effects of TCM and plant-derived natural products on TG metabolism, including the inhibition of TG synthesis (via endogenous and exogenous pathways), promotion of TG catabolism, regulation of fatty acid absorption and transport, enhancement of lipophagy, modulation of the gut microbiota, and other mechanisms. In conclusion, through a comprehensive analysis of recent studies, this review consolidates the multifaceted regulatory roles of TCM and plant-derived natural products in TG metabolism and elucidates their potential as safer, multi-target therapeutic agents in managing hypertriglyceridemia and mitigating cardiovascular risk, thereby providing a basis for new drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Jin
- Cardiovascular Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- Cardiovascular Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Tan H, Mi N, Tong F, Zhang R, Abudurexiti A, Lei Y, Zhong Y, Yan J, Yang J, Ma X. Lactucopicrin promotes fatty acid β-oxidation and attenuates lipid accumulation through adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase activation in free fatty acid-induced human hepatoblastoma cancer cells. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:5357-5372. [PMID: 39139977 PMCID: PMC11317671 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.4176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
With its annually increasing prevalence, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become a serious threat to people's life and health. After a preliminary research, we found that Lactucopicrin has pharmacological effects, such as lowering blood lipids and protecting the liver. Further research showed its significant activation for fatty acid β-oxidase hydroxyacyl-coenzyme A (CoA) dehydrogenase trifunctional multienzyme complex subunit alpha (HADHA), so we hypothesized that Lactucopicrin could ameliorate lipid accumulation in hepatocytes by promoting fatty acid β-oxidation. In this study, free fatty acid (FFA)-induced human hepatoblastoma cancer cells (HepG2) were used to establish an in vitro NAFLD model to investigate the molecular basis of Lactucopicrin in regulating lipid metabolism. Staining with Oil red O and measurements of triglyceride (TG) content, fatty acid β-oxidase (FaβO) activity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) content, mitochondrial membrane potential, and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content were used to assess the extent to which Lactucopicrin ameliorates lipid accumulation and promotes fatty acid β-oxidation. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot methods were used to explore the regulatory effects of Lactucopicrin on factors related to fatty acid β-oxidation. Results showed that Lactucopicrin downregulated phosphorylated mammalian target of rapamycin (P-mTOR) by activating the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway and upregulated the messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression levels of coactivators (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1α)), transcription factors (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ)), and oxidative factors (carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A) and HADHA). This phenomenon resulted in a significant increase in FaβO activity, ATP content, and JC-1 and a significant decrease in ROS level, TG content, and intracellular lipid droplets. With the addition of Dorsomorphin, all the effects of Lactucopicrin intervention were suppressed. In summary, Lactucopicrin promotes fatty acid β-oxidation by activating the AMPK pathway, thereby ameliorating FFA-induced intracellular lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiwen Tan
- College of PharmacyXinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqiXinjiangChina
- Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Three Gorges Medical CollegeChongqingChina
| | - Na Mi
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqiXinjiangChina
| | - Fenglian Tong
- College of PharmacyXinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqiXinjiangChina
| | - Rui Zhang
- College of PharmacyXinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqiXinjiangChina
| | | | - Yi Lei
- College of PharmacyXinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqiXinjiangChina
| | - Yewei Zhong
- College of PharmacyXinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqiXinjiangChina
| | - Junlin Yan
- College of PharmacyXinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqiXinjiangChina
| | - Jian Yang
- College of PharmacyXinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqiXinjiangChina
| | - Xiaoli Ma
- College of PharmacyXinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqiXinjiangChina
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Banerjee T, Sarkar A, Ali SZ, Bhowmik R, Karmakar S, Halder AK, Ghosh N. Bioprotective Role of Phytocompounds Against the Pathogenesis of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease to Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis: Unravelling Underlying Molecular Mechanisms. PLANTA MEDICA 2024; 90:675-707. [PMID: 38458248 DOI: 10.1055/a-2277-4805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), with a global prevalence of 25%, continues to escalate, creating noteworthy concerns towards the global health burden. NAFLD causes triglycerides and free fatty acids to build up in the liver. The excessive fat build-up causes inflammation and damages the healthy hepatocytes, leading to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Dietary habits, obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and dyslipidemia influence NAFLD progression. The disease burden is complicated due to the paucity of therapeutic interventions. Obeticholic acid is the only approved therapeutic agent for NAFLD. With more scientific enterprise being directed towards the understanding of the underlying mechanisms of NAFLD, novel targets like lipid synthase, farnesoid X receptor signalling, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors associated with inflammatory signalling, and hepatocellular injury have played a crucial role in the progression of NAFLD to NASH. Phytocompounds have shown promising results in modulating hepatic lipid metabolism and de novo lipogenesis, suggesting their possible role in managing NAFLD. This review discusses the ameliorative role of different classes of phytochemicals with molecular mechanisms in different cell lines and established animal models. These compounds may lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategies for NAFLD progression to NASH. This review also deliberates on phytomolecules undergoing clinical trials for effective management of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanmoy Banerjee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, West Bengal, Kolkata, India
| | - Arnab Sarkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, West Bengal, Kolkata, India
| | - Sk Zeeshan Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, West Bengal, Kolkata, India
| | - Rudranil Bhowmik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, West Bengal, Kolkata, India
| | - Sanmoy Karmakar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, West Bengal, Kolkata, India
| | - Amit Kumar Halder
- Dr. B. C. Roy College of Pharmacy and Allied Health Sciences, Dr. Meghnad Saha Sarani, Bidhannagar, Durgapur, West Bengal, India
| | - Nilanjan Ghosh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, West Bengal, Kolkata, India
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Ma Y, Zhao C, Hu H, Yin S. Liver protecting effects and molecular mechanisms of icariin and its metabolites. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2023; 215:113841. [PMID: 37660725 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2023.113841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
As a detoxification and metabolism organ, the liver plays a vital role in human health. However, an excessive consumption of drugs and toxins, exposure to pathogenic viruses, and unhealthy living habits can lead to liver damage, which may even develop into liver cirrhosis and liver cancer. Epimedium brevicornum Maxim. is a traditional Chinese medicine and dietary supplement in which the flavonoid icariin is a main functional component. Although the protective mechanisms of icariin and its metabolites against liver injury are not yet comprehensively understood, an increasing number of studies have confirmed their liver-protective and anticancer effects. Indeed, icaritin, one of the metabolites of icariin, is currently utilized as an active component of an anti-cancer drug. This paper presents a review of the molecular mechanisms through which icariin and its metabolites actively protect against the occurrence and development of liver injury, and, thus, provides a comprehensive reference for further research and their application in liver protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurong Ma
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Chong Zhao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Hongbo Hu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Shutao Yin
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China.
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Cui Q, Wang C, Zhou L, Wei Y, Liu Z, Wu X. Simple and novel icariin-loaded pro-glycymicelles as a functional food: physicochemical characteristics, in vitro biological activities, and in vivo experimental hyperlipidemia prevention evaluations. Food Funct 2023; 14:9907-9919. [PMID: 37853783 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo02838k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
A novel functional food for hyperlipidemia named icariin (ICA) pro-glycymicelles (ICA-PGs) using glycyrrhizin as a phytonanomaterial was easily prepared with improved storage, pH, and salt stabilities. ICA-PGs can easily dissolve in water to self-assemble into a clear glycymicelle solution with high ICA encapsulation efficiency. The ICA in ICA-PGs exhibits significantly increased aqueous solubility, faster in vitro release, and higher bioaccessibility than bare ICA. The ICA-PGs exhibited improved in vitro activities including antioxidant, anti-α-glucosidase, anti-lipase, and anti-cholesterol esterase activities. The ICA-PG also demonstrated improved antioxidant activity in cells. In vivo evaluation confirmed that the ICA-PG demonstrated a significant protective effect against experimental hyperlipidemia in mice, exhibiting decreasing levels of triglycerides (TGs), total cholesterol (TC), and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) in the serum, and restoring the hepatic morphology to the normal state. These results indicated that the ICA-PG could improve in vitro/in vivo profiles of ICA, providing a new concept and a promising functional food for hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingchen Cui
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.
| | - Cuicui Wang
- Department of clinical laboratory, Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), Qingdao, China
| | - Liping Zhou
- Department of clinical laboratory, Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), Qingdao, China
| | - Yanjun Wei
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.
- Viwit Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Zaozhuang, Shandong, China
| | - Zongtao Liu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.
- Affiliated Qingdao Third People's Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China.
| | - Xianggen Wu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.
- Viwit Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Zaozhuang, Shandong, China
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Wu S, Chen Q, Wang Y, Yin H, Wei Y. Lipid nanoparticle delivery of siRNA targeting Cyp2e1 gene attenuates subacute alcoholic liver injury in mice. Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2023; 52:306-317. [PMID: 37476942 PMCID: PMC10409911 DOI: 10.3724/zdxbyxb-2022-0729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the effect and mechanism of lipid nanoparticle (LNP) delivery of small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting Cyp2e1 gene on subacute alcoholic liver injury in mice. METHODS siRNA targeting Cyp2e1 gene was encapsulated in LNP (si-Cyp2e1 LNP) by microfluidic technique and the resulting LNPs were characterized. The optimal dose of si-Cyp2e1 LNP administration was screened. Forty female C57BL/6N mice were randomly divided into blank control group, model control group, si-Cyp2e1 LNP group, LNP control group and metadoxine group. The subacute alcoholic liver injury mouse model was induced by ethanol feeding for 10 d plus ethanol gavage for the last 3 d. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities, and the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity as well as malondialdehyde, reactive oxygen species, glutathione, triacylglycerol, total cholesterol contents in liver tissue were measured in each group, and liver index was calculated. The expression of genes related to oxidative stress, lipid synthesis and inflammation in each group of mice were measured by realtime RT-PCR. RESULTS Compared with the model control group, the levels of liver index, serum ALT, AST activities, malondialdehyde, reactive oxygen species, triacylglycerol, total cholesterol contents in liver tissue decreased, but the SOD activity as well as glutathione increased in the si-Cyp2e1 LNP group (all P<0.01). Hematoxylin-eosin staining result showed disorganized hepatocytes with sparse cytoplasm and a large number of fat vacuoles and necrosis in the model control group, while the si-Cyp2e1 LNP group had uniformly sized and arranged hepatocytes with normal liver tissue morphology and structure. Oil red O staining result showed si-Cyp2e1 LNP group had lower fat content of the liver compared to the model control group (P<0.01), and no fat droplets accumulated. Anti-F4/80 monoclonal antibody fluorescence immunohistochemistry showed that the si-Cyp2e1 LNP group had lower cumulative optical density values compared to the model control group (P<0.01) and no significant inflammatory reaction. Compared with the model control group, the expression of catalytic genes P47phox, P67phox and Gp91phox were reduced (all P<0.01), while the expression of the antioxidant enzyme genes Sod1, Gsh-rd and Gsh-px were increased (all P<0.01). The mRNA expression of the lipid metabolism genes Pgc-1α and Cpt1 were increased (all P<0.01) and the lipid synthesis-related genes Srebp1c, Acc and Fasn were decreased (all P<0.01); the expression of liver inflammation-related genes Tgf-β, Tnf-α and Il-6 were decreased (all P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS The si-Cyp2e1 LNP may attenuate subacute alcoholic liver injury in mice mainly by reducing reactive oxygen levels, increasing antioxidant activity, blocking oxidative stress pathways and reducing ethanol-induced steatosis and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Qiubing Chen
- Department of Urology, Frontier Science Centre for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yalan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hao Yin
- Department of Urology, Frontier Science Centre for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
- Department of Pathology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
- RNA Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- Wuhan Research Centre for Infectious Diseases and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan 430010, China
| | - Yuan Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Yang ZQ, Han YY, Gao F, Tian JY, Bai R, Guo QH, Liu XC. Shengxian decoction protects against chronic heart failure in a rat model via energy regulation mechanisms. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:200. [PMID: 37330478 PMCID: PMC10276516 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04035-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic heart failure (CHF) is actually a disease caused by an imbalanced energy metabolism between myocardial energy demand and supply, ultimately resulting in abnormal myocardial cell structure and function. Energy metabolism imbalance plays an important role in the pathological process of chronic heart failure (CHF). Improving myocardial energy metabolism is a new strategy for the treatment of CHF. Shengxian decoction (SXT), a well-known traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula, has good therapeutic effects on the cardiovascular system. However, the effects of SXT on the energy metabolism of CHF is unclear. In this study, we probed the regulating effects of SXT on energy metabolism in CHF rats using various research methods. METHODS High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis was used to perform quality control of SXT preparations. Then, SD rats were randomly assigned into 6 groups: sham, model, positive control (trimetazidine) and high-, middle-, and low-dose SXT groups. Specific reagent kits were used to detect the expression levels of ALT and AST in rats' serum. Echocardiography was used to evaluate cardiac function. H&E, Masson and TUNEL staining were performed to examine myocardial structure and myocardial apoptosis. Colorimetry was used to determine myocardial ATP levels in experimental rats. Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the ultrastructure of myocardial mitochondria. ELISA was used to estimate CK, cTnI, and NT-proBNP levels, and LA、FFA、MDA、SOD levels. Finally, Western blotting was used to examine the protein expression of CPT-1, GLUT4, AMPK, p-AMPK, PGC-1α, NRF1, mtTFA and ATP5D in the myocardium. RESULTS HPLC showed that our SXT preparation method was feasible. The results of ALT and AST tests indicate that SXT has no side effect on the liver function of rats. Treatment with SXT improved cardiac function and ventricular remodelling and inhibited cardiomyocyte apoptosis and oxidative stress levels induced by CHF. Moreover, CHF caused decrease ATP synthesis, which was accompanied by a reduction in ATP 5D protein levels, damage to mitochondrial structure, abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism, and changes in the expression of PGC-1α related signal pathway proteins, all of which were significantly alleviated by treatment with SXT. CONCLUSION SXT reverses CHF-induced cardiac dysfunction and maintains the integrity of myocardial structure by regulating energy metabolism. The beneficial effect of SXT on energy metabolism may be related to regulating the expression of the PGC-1α signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Qi Yang
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Xinshi South Road No 326, Qiaoxi District, Shijiazhuang, 050091 Hebei China
| | - Yang-Yang Han
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Xinshi South Road No 326, Qiaoxi District, Shijiazhuang, 050091 Hebei China
| | - Fan Gao
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Xinshi South Road No 326, Qiaoxi District, Shijiazhuang, 050091 Hebei China
| | - Jia-Ye Tian
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Xinshi South Road No 326, Qiaoxi District, Shijiazhuang, 050091 Hebei China
| | - Ran Bai
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Xinshi South Road No 326, Qiaoxi District, Shijiazhuang, 050091 Hebei China
| | - Qiu-Hong Guo
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Xinshi South Road No 326, Qiaoxi District, Shijiazhuang, 050091 Hebei China
| | - Xing-Chao Liu
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Xinshi South Road No 326, Qiaoxi District, Shijiazhuang, 050091 Hebei China
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Lin D, Song Y. Dapagliflozin Presented Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Through Metabolite Extraction and AMPK/NLRP3 Signaling Pathway. Horm Metab Res 2023; 55:75-84. [PMID: 36495240 DOI: 10.1055/a-1970-3388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the incidence rate of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been increasing year by year. The experiments conducted on rat elucidated the effect and underlying mechanism of dapagliflozin in NAFLD. Sprague Dawley rats were fed with HFD (Fat accounts for 52%, carbohydrate 34% and protein 14%) for 12 weeks as NAFLD model. Dapagliflozin presented NAFLD in rat model. Dapagliflozin reduced oxidative stress and inflammation in rat model of NAFLD. Dapagliflozin reduced oxidative stress and inflammation in vitro model of NAFLD. Dapagliflozin in a model of NAFLD metabolized into histamine H1 receptor, caffeine metabolism, mannose type O-glycan biosynthesis, choline metabolism in cancer, tryptophan metabolism, and glycerophospholipid metabolism. Dapagliflozin induced AMPK/NLRP3 signaling pathway. The regulation of AMPK/NLRP3 signaling pathway affected the effects of dapagliflozin on nonalcoholic fatty liver. In summary, dapagliflozin plays a preventative role in NAFLD through metabolite extraction, the inhibition of oxidative stress, and inflammation by AMPK/NLRP3 signaling pathway. Dapagliflozin may be a potential therapeutic agent for oxidative stress and inflammation in model of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deng Lin
- Department of Endocrinology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuling Song
- Department of Endocrinology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Icaritin, a metabolite of Icarrin, Alleviates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease via inhibition of lipogenesis and ER stress. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 937:175378. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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