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Guo J, Feng H, Peng C, Du J, Wang W, Kneeshaw D, Pan C, Roberge G, Feng L, Chen A. Fire effects on soil CH 4 and N 2O fluxes across terrestrial ecosystems. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 948:174708. [PMID: 39032756 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Fire, as a natural disturbance, significantly shapes and influences the functions and services of terrestrial ecosystems via biotic and abiotic processes. Comprehending the influence of fire on soil greenhouse gas dynamics is crucial for understanding the feedback mechanisms between fire disturbances and climate change. Despite work on CO2 fluxes, there is a large uncertainty as to whether and how soil CH4 and N2O fluxes change in response to fire disturbance in terrestrial ecosystems. To narrow this knowledge gap, we performed a meta-analysis synthesizing 3615 paired observations from 116 global studies. Our findings revealed that fire increased global soil CH4 uptake in uplands by 23.2 %, soil CH4 emissions from peatlands by 74.7 %, and soil N2O emissions in terrestrial ecosystems (including upland and peatland) by 18.8 %. Fire increased soil CH4 uptake in boreal, temperate, and subtropical forests by 20.1 %, 38.8 %, and 30.2 %, respectively, and soil CH4 emissions in tropical forests by 193.3 %. Additionally, fire negatively affected soil total carbon (TC; -10.3 %), soil organic carbon (SOC; -15.6 %), microbial biomass carbon (MBC; -44.8 %), dissolved organic carbon (DOC; -27 %), microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN; -24.7 %), soil water content (SWC; -9.2 %), and water table depth (WTD; -68.2 %). Conversely, the fire increased soil bulk density (BD; +10.8 %), ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N; +46 %), nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N; +54 %), pH (+4.4 %), and soil temperature (+15.4 %). Our meta-regression analysis showed that the positive effects of fire on soil CH4 and N2O emissions were significantly positively correlated with mean annual temperature (MAT) and mean annual precipitation (MAP), indicating that climate warming will amplify the positive effects of fire disturbance on soil CH4 and N2O emissions. Taken together, since higher future temperatures are likely to prolong the fire season and increase the potential of fires, this could lead to positive feedback between warming, fire events, CH4 and N2O emissions, and future climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahuan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Trees and Ornamental Plants, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry (School of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, School of Rural Revitalization), Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Huili Feng
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Trees and Ornamental Plants, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry (School of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, School of Rural Revitalization), Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China.
| | - Changhui Peng
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Quebec at Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3P8, Canada; College of Geographic Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China
| | - Juan Du
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Wuhan, Hubei 430223, China
| | - Weifeng Wang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Daniel Kneeshaw
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Quebec at Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Chang Pan
- College of Life Sciences, Anqing Normal University, Anqing, Anhui 246011, China
| | - Gabrielle Roberge
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Quebec at Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Lei Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Anping Chen
- Department of Biology and Graduate Degree Program in Ecology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
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Lim J, Wehmeyer H, Heffner T, Aeppli M, Gu W, Kim PJ, Horn MA, Ho A. Resilience of aerobic methanotrophs in soils; spotlight on the methane sink under agriculture. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2024; 100:fiae008. [PMID: 38327184 PMCID: PMC10872700 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiae008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Aerobic methanotrophs are a specialized microbial group, catalyzing the oxidation of methane. Disturbance-induced loss of methanotroph diversity/abundance, thus results in the loss of this biological methane sink. Here, we synthesized and conceptualized the resilience of the methanotrophs to sporadic, recurring, and compounded disturbances in soils. The methanotrophs showed remarkable resilience to sporadic disturbances, recovering in activity and population size. However, activity was severely compromised when disturbance persisted or reoccurred at increasing frequency, and was significantly impaired following change in land use. Next, we consolidated the impact of agricultural practices after land conversion on the soil methane sink. The effects of key interventions (tillage, organic matter input, and cover cropping) where much knowledge has been gathered were considered. Pairwise comparisons of these interventions to nontreated agricultural soils indicate that the agriculture-induced impact on the methane sink depends on the cropping system, which can be associated to the physiology of the methanotrophs. The impact of agriculture is more evident in upland soils, where the methanotrophs play a more prominent role than the methanogens in modulating overall methane flux. Although resilient to sporadic disturbances, the methanotrophs are vulnerable to compounded disturbances induced by anthropogenic activities, significantly affecting the methane sink function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyeon Lim
- Institute for Microbiology, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, 30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - Helena Wehmeyer
- Nestlè Research, Route du Jorat 57, CH 1000 Lausanne 26, Switzerland
| | - Tanja Heffner
- Institute for Microbiology, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, 30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - Meret Aeppli
- Environmental Engineering Institute IIE-ENAC, Laboratory SOIL, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Valais Wallis, CH 1950 Sion, Switzerland
| | - Wenyu Gu
- Environmental Engineering Institute IIE-ENAC, Laboratory MICROBE, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pil Joo Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Marcus A Horn
- Institute for Microbiology, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, 30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - Adrian Ho
- Nestlè Research, Route du Jorat 57, CH 1000 Lausanne 26, Switzerland
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Zhao M, Wang M, Zhao Y, Jiang M, Wang G. Variations in Concentration and Carbon Isotope Composition of Methanotroph Biomarkers in Sedge Peatlands Along the Altitude Gradient in the Changbai Mountain, China. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:892430. [PMID: 35663857 PMCID: PMC9158476 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.892430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Northern peatlands are one of the largest natural sources of atmospheric methane globally. As the only biological sink of methane, different groups of methanotrophs use different carbon sources. However, the variations in microbial biomass and metabolism of different methanotrophic groups in peatlands along the altitude gradient are uncertain. We measured the concentrations and metabolic characteristics of type I (16:1ω7c and 16:1ω5c) and type II (18:1ω7c) methanotroph biomarkers using biomarkers and stable isotopes in eight Carex peatlands along an altitude gradient from 300 to 1,500 m in the Changbai Mountain, China. We found that the trends with altitude in concentrations of the type I and type II methanotroph biomarkers were different. The dominating microbial group changed from type I to type II methanotroph with increasing altitude. The concentrations of type I and type II methanotroph biomarkers were significantly affected by the total phosphorus, total nitrogen, and dissolved organic carbon, respectively. The δ13C values of type II methanotroph biomarkers changed significantly along the altitude gradient, and they were more depleted than type II methanotroph biomarkers, which indicates the difference in carbon source preference between type I and type II methanotrophs. This study highlights the difference in the concentration and carbon source utilization of type I and type II methanotrophic groups along the altitude gradient, and enhances our understanding of the metabolic process of methane mediated by methanotrophs and its impact on carbon-sink function in northern peatlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China.,College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Institute for Peat and Mire Research, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Yantong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China.,College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Guodong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
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Dhandapani S, Evers S. Oil palm 'slash-and-burn' practice increases post-fire greenhouse gas emissions and nutrient concentrations in burnt regions of an agricultural tropical peatland. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 742:140648. [PMID: 32721749 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Fire is one of the major issues facing Southeast Asian peatlands causing socio-economic, human health and climate crises. Many of these fires in the region are associated with land clearing or management practices for oil palm plantations. Here we study the direct post-fire impacts of slash-and-burn oil palm agriculture on greenhouse gas emissions, peat physico-chemical properties and nutrient concentrations. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions were measured using Los Gatos ultraportable greenhouse gas analyser one month after a fire in dry season and five months after the fire event, in wet season. Surface soil samples were collected from each individual GHG measurement points, along with 50 cm cores from both burnt and non-burnt control areas for lab analyses. As an immediate post-fire impact, carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) emissions, pH, electrical conductivity, and all macronutrient concentrations except nitrogen (N) were increased multi-fold, while the redox potential, carbon (C) and N content were greatly reduced in the burnt region. While some of the properties such as CO2 emissions, and electrical conductivity reverted to normal after five months, other properties such as CH4 emissions, pH and nutrient concentrations remained high in the burnt region. This study also found very high loss of surface peat C content in the burnt region post fire, which is irreversible. The results also show that surface peat layers up to 20 cm depth were affected the most by slash-and-burn activity in oil palm agriculture, however the intensity of fire can vary widely between different oil palm management and needs further research to fully understand the long term and regional impacts of such slash-and-burn activity in tropical peatlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selvakumar Dhandapani
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.; Tropical Catchment Research Initiative (TROCARI), Malaysia..
| | - Stephanie Evers
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.; Tropical Catchment Research Initiative (TROCARI), Malaysia.; School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Semenyih, Malaysia
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Grau-Andrés R, Gray A, Davies GM, Scott EM, Waldron S. Burning increases post-fire carbon emissions in a heathland and a raised bog, but experimental manipulation of fire severity has no effect. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 233:321-328. [PMID: 30584963 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Large amounts of carbon are stored in northern peatlands. There is concern that greater wildfire severity following projected increases in summer drought will lead to higher post-fire carbon losses. We measured soil carbon dynamics in a Calluna heathland and a raised peat bog after experimentally manipulating fire severity. A gradient of fire severity was achieved by simulating drought in 2 × 2 m plots. Ecosystem respiration (ER), net ecosystem exchange (NEE), methane (CH4) flux and concentration of dissolved organic carbon ([DOC], measured at the raised bog only) were measured for up to two years after burning. The response of these carbon fluxes to increased fire severity in drought plots was similar to plots burnt under ambient conditions associated with traditional managed burning. Averaged across all burnt plots, burning altered mean NEE from a net carbon sink at the heathland (-0.33 μmol CO2 m-2 s-1 in unburnt plots) to a carbon source (0.50 μmol m-2 s-1 in burnt plots) and at the raised bog (-0.38 and 0.16 μmol m-2 s-1, respectively). Burning also increased CH4 flux at the raised bog (from 1.16 to 25.3 nmol m-2 s-1 in the summer, when it accounted for 79% of the CO2-equivalent emission). Burning had no significant effect on soil water [DOC].
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger Grau-Andrés
- School of Geographical and Earth Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G128QQ, UK.
| | - Alan Gray
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Bush Estate, Penicuik, Midlothian, EH26 0QB, UK
| | - G Matt Davies
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, Kottman Hall, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - E Marian Scott
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G128QW, UK
| | - Susan Waldron
- School of Geographical and Earth Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G128QQ, UK
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Danilova OV, Belova SE, Gagarinova IV, Dedysh SN. Microbial community composition and methanotroph diversity of a subarctic wetland in Russia. Microbiology (Reading) 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026261716050039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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