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Cross L, Banham D, Melendez-Torres GJ, Ford T, van Sluijs E, Liabo K. Developing inclusive public involvement and engagement activities with secondary school students and educational professionals: a protocol. RESEARCH INVOLVEMENT AND ENGAGEMENT 2024; 10:68. [PMID: 38951878 PMCID: PMC11218269 DOI: 10.1186/s40900-024-00581-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Public involvement and engagement (PI&E) is increasingly recognised as an important component of research. It can offer valuable insights from those with experiential knowledge to improve research quality, relevance, and reach. Similarly, schools are ever more common sites for health research and, more recently, PI&E. However, 'gold-standard' practice is yet to be established, and activities/approaches remain underreported. As a result, knowledge can remain localised or lost. Diversity and inclusion also remains a challenge. METHODS This protocol has been informed by UK national guidance, evidence-based frameworks and available implementation literature. It describes both rationale and approach to conducting PI&E activities within a secondary school context. Activities are designed to be engaging, safe and accessible to young people with diverse experiences, with scope to be iteratively developed in line with public collaborator preference. DISCUSSION Young people should be architects of their involvement and engagement. Ongoing appraisal and transparency of approaches to PI&E in school settings is crucial. Expected challenges of implementing this protocol include facilitating a safe space for the discussion of sensitive topics, absence and attrition, recruiting students with a diverse range of experiences, and potential knowledge and capacity barriers of both facilitator and contributors. Activities to mitigate these risks are suggested and explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Cross
- University of Cambridge (MRC Epidemiology Unit), Cambridge, UK.
| | | | | | - Tamsin Ford
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Smith C, Baillie J, Gill P. Importance of patient and public involvement in doctoral research involving people living with dementia. Nurse Res 2024; 32:39-45. [PMID: 38532623 DOI: 10.7748/nr.2024.e1919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is increasing recognition of the need to include patients and the public in the research process. There is extensive literature about patient and public involvement (PPI) in research, but fewer articles report on PPI in doctoral research. AIM To reflect on establishing an advisory group for a doctoral study, exploring the opportunities and challenges associated with including patients with dementia in the research process. DISCUSSION The authors discuss the practicalities of establishing an advisory group, the challenges of being a novice researcher, long-term commitment to PPI, the overall approach to PPI and ethical considerations. CONCLUSION Establishing an advisory group for a doctoral study can facilitate mutual learning and enhance the study's quality. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Achieving high-quality PPI in health and social care research can ultimately improve its quality and relevance. An important aspect of the doctoral journey is developing knowledge and skills to facilitate PPI as part of a researcher's apprenticeship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathryn Smith
- school of healthcare sciences, and PhD student, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales
| | | | - Paul Gill
- Department of Nursing, Midwifery and Health, Faculty of Life Science, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, England
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Engelaar M, Bos N, van Schelven F, Lorenzo I Sunyer N, Couespel N, Apolone G, Brunelli C, Caraceni A, Ferrer M, Groenvold M, Kaasa S, Ciliberto G, Lombardo C, Pietrobon R, Pravettoni G, Sirven A, Vachon H, Gilbert A, Rademakers J. Collaborating with cancer patients and informal caregivers in a European study on quality of life: protocol to embed patient and public involvement within the EUonQoL project. RESEARCH INVOLVEMENT AND ENGAGEMENT 2024; 10:59. [PMID: 38863075 PMCID: PMC11167745 DOI: 10.1186/s40900-024-00597-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patient and public involvement (PPI) has become an essential part of health research. There is a need for genuine involvement in order to ensure that research is relevant to patients. This can then improve the quality, relevance, and impact of health research, while at the same time reducing wasted research and in doing so bringing science and society closer together. Despite the increasing attention for this involvement, it is not yet common practice to report on proposed activities. An article reporting planned PPI could provide guidance and inspiration for the wider academic community in future activities. Therefore, this current article aims to describe the way in which PPI principles are incorporated in the research project called "Quality of Life in Oncology: measuring what matters for cancer patients and survivors in Europe (EUonQoL)." This project aims to develop a new set of questionnaires to enable cancer patients to assess their quality of life, entitled the EUonQoL-Kit. METHODS The first step is to recruit cancer patients and their informal caregivers as co-researchers in order to train them to collaborate with the researchers. Based on their skills and preferences, they are then assigned to several of the project's work packages. Their individual roles, tasks, and responsibilities regarding the work packages, to which they have been assigned, are evaluated and adapted when necessary. The impact of their involvement is evaluated by both the researchers and co-researchers. DISCUSSION PPI is a complex and dynamic process. As such, the overall structure of the research may be defined while at the same time leaving room for certain aspects to be filled in later. Our research is, we believe, relevant as co-researcher involvement in such a large European project as EUonQoL is a new development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merel Engelaar
- Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research (Nivel), Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Nanne Bos
- Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research (Nivel), Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Femke van Schelven
- Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research (Nivel), Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Giovanni Apolone
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori Di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Cinzia Brunelli
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori Di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Montse Ferrer
- Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mogens Groenvold
- Bispebjerg/Frederiksberg Hospital and University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hugo Vachon
- Quality of Life Department, European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alexandra Gilbert
- Leeds Institute for Medical Research, University of Leeds, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Jany Rademakers
- Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research (Nivel), Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Family Medicine, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Warraitch A, Wacker C, Bruce D, Bourke A, Hadfield K. A rapid review of guidelines on the involvement of adolescents in health research. Health Expect 2024; 27:e14058. [PMID: 38855830 PMCID: PMC11163265 DOI: 10.1111/hex.14058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Meaningful involvement of adolescents in health research is their fundamental human right and has many benefits. A lack of awareness among researchers on how to meaningfully involve adolescents in health research has been linked to adolescent under involvement in health research. To address this barrier, studies have reported the need for more guidance. To inform the development of better guidelines on adolescent involvement, there is a need to first consolidate the currently available guidance on adolescent involvement in health research and to identify the gaps in these guidelines. This review aims to systematically identify all the currently available guidelines on adolescent involvement in health research and evaluate their scope, content, context, and quality. METHODS This rapid review was pre-registered with PROSPERO #CRD42021293586. It included documents that incorporated tangible recommendations on the involvement of adolescents in health research. We searched six databases for peer-reviewed literature: MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and ERIC. We conducted a grey literature search in Google Scholar, Google, websites of 472 relevant organisations and sought expert input. The quality of the guidelines was assessed using the Appraisal of Guidelines for REsearch & Evaluation (AGREE-II) Instrument. Data was analysed using descriptive analyses and narrative synthesis. RESULTS We found that the current guidelines on adolescent involvement in health research are often narrow in scope, targeting specific users and populations while focusing on limited research areas. The guidelines individually fail to provide comprehensive coverage of recommendations across all topics related to adolescent research involvement, that are collectively addressed across all included guidelines. Furthermore, these guidelines tend to be context-specific and are generally of low quality, often due to inadequate stakeholder involvement and a lack of rigorous development methods. CONCLUSION This review provides a consolidated list of guidelines on adolescent involvement in health research along with their quality scores as a resource for researchers to select the guidelines suitable for their research topic, context, and scope for adolescent involvement. There is a need to develop a set of guidelines on adolescent involvement in research, which are comprehensive in scope, cover all key aspects of adolescent involvement in health research, can be adapted for different contexts, and which are based on rigorous and systematic methods. PATIENT AND PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT Adolescent co-researchers D. B. and C. W. were involved at different stages of the review process. D. B. screened 25% of the peer-reviewed articles at the title and abstract screening stage and 10% at full-text screening stage. C. W. extracted data from 10% of the included guidelines. Both co-researchers reviewed and shared their feedback on the article and are co-authors on this paper. They will also be invited to contribute to further dissemination of the findings from this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azza Warraitch
- Trinity Centre for Global Health, Trinity College DublinDublinIreland
- School of Psychology, Trinity College DublinDublinIreland
| | - Ciara Wacker
- School of Psychology, Trinity College DublinDublinIreland
| | - Delali Bruce
- Trinity Centre for Global Health, Trinity College DublinDublinIreland
- School of EngineeringStanford UniversityStanfordCaliforniaUSA
| | - Ashling Bourke
- Institute of EducationDublin City UniversityDublinIreland
| | - Kristin Hadfield
- Trinity Centre for Global Health, Trinity College DublinDublinIreland
- School of Psychology, Trinity College DublinDublinIreland
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Sonuga-Barke EJ, Chandler S, Lukito S, Kakoulidou M, Moore G, Cooper N, Matejko M, Jackson I, Balwani B, Boyens T, Poulton D, Harvey-Nguyen L, Baker S, Pavlopoulou G. Participatory translational science of neurodivergence: model for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and autism research. Br J Psychiatry 2024; 224:127-131. [PMID: 38362636 PMCID: PMC10933558 DOI: 10.1192/bjp.2023.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are increasing calls for neurodivergent peoples' involvement in research into neurodevelopmental conditions. So far, however, this has tended to be achieved only through membership of external patient and public involvement (PPI) panels. The Regulating Emotions - Strengthening Adolescent Resilience (RE-STAR) programme is building a new participatory model of translational research that places young people with diagnoses of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism at the heart of the research team so that they can contribute to shaping and delivering its research plan. AIMS To outline the principles on which the RE-STAR participatory model is based and describe its practical implementation and benefits, especially concerning the central role of members of the Youth Researcher Panel (Y-RPers). METHOD The model presented is a culmination of a 24-month process during which Y-RPers moved from advisors to co-researchers integrated within RE-STAR. It is shaped by the principles of co-intentionality. The account here was agreed following multiple iterative cycles of collaborative discussion between academic researchers, Y-RPers and other stakeholders. RESULTS Based on our collective reflections we offer general guidance on how to effectively integrate young people with diagnoses of ADHD and/or autism into the core of the translational research process. We also describe the specific theoretical, methodological and analytical benefits of Y-RPer involvement in RE-STAR. CONCLUSIONS Although in its infancy, RE-STAR has demonstrated the model's potential to enrich translational science in a way that can change our understanding of the relationship between autism, ADHD and mental health. When appropriately adapted we believe the model can be applied to other types of neurodivergence and/or mental health conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edmund J.S. Sonuga-Barke
- School of Academic Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Susie Chandler
- School of Academic Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Steve Lukito
- School of Academic Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Myrofora Kakoulidou
- School of Academic Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; and Group for Research in Relationships in Neurodiversity (GRRAND), Clinical, Educational & Health Psychology, Division of Psychology & Language Sciences, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Graham Moore
- DECIPHer, School of Social Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | | | - Maciej Matejko
- School of Academic Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Isabel Jackson
- School of Academic Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Beta Balwani
- School of Academic Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; and University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
| | - Tiegan Boyens
- School of Academic Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Dorian Poulton
- School of Academic Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Luke Harvey-Nguyen
- School of Academic Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; and DECIPHer, School of Social Sciences, Cardiff University, UK
| | - Sylvan Baker
- Royal Central School of Speech & Drama, London, UK
| | - Georgia Pavlopoulou
- Group for Research in Relationships in Neurodiversity (GRRAND), Clinical, Educational & Health Psychology, Division of Psychology & Language Sciences, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK; and Anna Freud National Centre for Children and Families, London, UK
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Mitchell S, Turner N, Fryer K, Beng J, Ogden ME, Watson M, Gardiner C, Bayly J, Sleeman KE, Evans CJ. A framework for more equitable, diverse, and inclusive Patient and Public Involvement for palliative care research. RESEARCH INVOLVEMENT AND ENGAGEMENT 2024; 10:19. [PMID: 38331966 PMCID: PMC10851547 DOI: 10.1186/s40900-023-00525-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are marked inequalities in palliative care provision. Research is needed to understand how such inequalities can be addressed, so that everyone living with advanced illness can receive the care they need, when they need it. Research into inequalities in palliative care should be guided by Patient and Public Involvement (PPI) that includes people from diverse backgrounds, who are less likely to receive specialist services. Multi-disciplinary research partnerships, bringing together primary care (the main providers of palliative care to diverse communities) and specialist palliative care, have the potential to work together in new ways to do research to address inequalities and improve palliative care in practice. This report describes a research partnership between primary care and palliative care that aimed to: (1) create opportunities for more inclusive PPI in palliative care research, (2) co-design new resources to support more equitable, diverse and inclusive PPI for palliative care, (3) propose a new framework for inclusive PPI in palliative care research. METHODS PPI members were recruited via primary care and palliative care research networks from three diverse areas of the UK. A pragmatic, collaborative approach was taken to achieve the partnership aims. Online workshops were carried out to understand barriers to inclusive PPI in palliative care and to co-design resources. Evaluation included a "you said, we did" impact log and a short survey. The approach was informed by good practice principles from previous PPI, and existing theory relating to equity, equality, diversity, and inclusion. RESULTS In total, 16 PPI members were recruited. Most were White British (n = 10), other ethnicities were Asian (n = 4), Black African (n = 1) and British mixed race (n = 1). The research team co-ordinated communication and activities, leading to honest conversations about barriers to inclusive PPI. Resources were co-designed, including a role description for an Equity, Equality, Diversity and Inclusion Champion, a "jargon buster", an animation and an online recipe book ( http://www.re-equipp.co.uk/ ) to inform future PPI. Learning from the partnership has been collated into a new framework to inform more inclusive PPI for future palliative care research. CONCLUSION Collaboration and reciprocal learning across a multi-disciplinary primary care and palliative care research partnership led to the development of new approaches and resources. Research team commitment, shared vision, adequate resource, careful planning, relationship building and evaluation should underpin approaches to increase equality, diversity and inclusivity in future PPI for palliative care research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Mitchell
- Division of Primary Care, Palliative Care and Public Health, Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Clarendon Road, Leeds, UK.
| | - Nicola Turner
- School of Health Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Kate Fryer
- Academic Unit of Primary Medical Care, University of Sheffield, Herries Road, Sheffield, UK
| | - Jude Beng
- Academic Unit of Primary Medical Care, University of Sheffield, Herries Road, Sheffield, UK
| | - Margaret E Ogden
- Policy and Rehabilitation, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery and Palliative Care, Kings College London, Cicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care, London, UK
| | - Melanie Watson
- Health Sciences School, University of Sheffield, 3a Clarkehouse Rd, Sheffield, UK
| | - Clare Gardiner
- Health Sciences School, University of Sheffield, 3a Clarkehouse Rd, Sheffield, UK
| | - Joanne Bayly
- Policy and Rehabilitation, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery and Palliative Care, Kings College London, Cicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care, London, UK
- St Barnabas Hospices, Worthing, UK
| | - Katherine E Sleeman
- Policy and Rehabilitation, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery and Palliative Care, Kings College London, Cicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care, London, UK
| | - Catherine J Evans
- Policy and Rehabilitation, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery and Palliative Care, Kings College London, Cicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care, London, UK
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Vanderhout S, Richards DP, Butcher N, Courtney K, Nicholls SG, Fergusson DA, Potter BK, Bhalla M, Nevins P, Fox G, Ly V, Taljaard M, Macarthur C. Prevalence of patient partner authorship and acknowledgment in child health research publications: an umbrella review. J Clin Epidemiol 2023; 164:35-44. [PMID: 37871836 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2023.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Children and families are increasingly involved as equal partners in child health research, however, considerations around authorship have received little attention and there is limited guidance on the topic. Our objective was to determine the frequency and nature of patient partner authorship and/or acknowledgment among articles focused on patient engagement in child health research. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING In this umbrella review, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, APA PsycINFO, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, CINAHL, and Web of Science for systematic/scoping reviews on patient engagement in child health research. Individual articles included in eligible reviews comprised the sample of articles for analysis and were examined to identify patient partner authorship. Descriptive statistics were used to quantify patient partner authorship and/or acknowledgment and to summarize article characteristics. RESULTS Twelve systematic/scoping reviews met eligibility criteria, from which 230 individual articles were examined. In 16/230 (7%) articles, there was at least one patient partner author, and in 6/230 (3%) articles, patient partners were included as group authors. Within article Acknowledgments sections, patient partners were acknowledged by name in 41/230 (18%) articles, and anonymously or as a group in 98/230 (43%) articles. Patient partner authorship and/or acknowledgment was more frequent among articles published more recently (after 2015) and among articles where patient engagement was explicitly reported in the article. CONCLUSION Patient partners were more likely to be acknowledged than listed as an author on articles on patient engagement in child health research. Understanding patient partner preferences about authorship and acknowledgment, examination of the unique aspects of child and youth authorship and developing supports to empower patient partner authorship are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelley Vanderhout
- Institute for Better Health, Trillium Health Partners, 100 Queensway West, Mississauga, Ontario L5B 1B8, Canada.
| | - Dawn P Richards
- Patient Partner, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Five02 Labs Inc., Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nancy Butcher
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 250 College St, 8th floor, Toronto, Ontario M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Kim Courtney
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, 401 Smyth Rd, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stuart G Nicholls
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Road, Box 201B, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Dean A Fergusson
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Road, Box 201B, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8L6, Canada; School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Room 101, Ottawa, Ontario K1G 5Z3, Canada
| | - Beth K Potter
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Room 101, Ottawa, Ontario K1G 5Z3, Canada
| | - Manav Bhalla
- University College Dublin School of Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Pascale Nevins
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Road, Box 201B, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Grace Fox
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Road, Box 201B, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Valentina Ly
- University of Ottawa Library Services, 65 University Private, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Monica Taljaard
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Road, Box 201B, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8L6, Canada; School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Room 101, Ottawa, Ontario K1G 5Z3, Canada
| | - Colin Macarthur
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada; Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A1, Canada
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Warraitch A, Bruce D, Lee M, Curran P, Khraisha Q, Hadfield K. Involving adolescents in the design, implementation, evaluation and dissemination of health research: an umbrella review protocol. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e069695. [PMID: 37270189 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-069695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A lack of awareness on how to engage adolescents in research has been reported as one of the barriers to meaningful youth involvement in health research. Currently, available guidelines on youth involvement are limited in terms of the scope (e.g., focused on limited health research areas), content (e.g., include broad principles) and context (e.g., most guidelines are from high-income countries) for which the guidelines are applicable. To address this, we will develop a set of comprehensive guidelines based on consolidated evidence on youth involvement in health research. To inform these guidelines, we are first conducting an umbrella review to (1) summarise and synthesise findings from reviews on involving adolescents in health research, (2) consolidate the challenges experienced in youth involvement and the recommendations to mitigate these challenges, (3) identify best practices and (4) identify gaps and methodological weaknesses in the extant literature on involving adolescents in health research. METHODS AND ANALYSIS We will include review articles exploring adolescents' involvement in studies aiming to improve their physical or mental health. Databases to be searched include Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Scopus, Embase, PsycINFO, PsycArticles, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Epistemonikos and Health Systems Evidence. A grey literature search will be conducted in Web of Science, ProQuest, Google Scholar and PROSPERO, supplemented by a handsearch of the reference lists of eligible reviews, relevant journals, websites of related organisations and input from experts. Data will be analysed using narrative synthesis. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval is not required as we are not collecting participant data as part of this review. The findings of this umbrella review will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications, participatory workshops and academic conferences. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42021287467.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azza Warraitch
- Trinity Centre for Global Health, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Delali Bruce
- Trinity Centre for Global Health, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Maria Lee
- Trinity Centre for Global Health, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Paul Curran
- School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Qusai Khraisha
- Trinity Centre for Global Health, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Kristin Hadfield
- Trinity Centre for Global Health, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Moult A, McGrath C, Lippiett K, Coope C, Chilcott S, Mann C, Evans N, Turner A, Dziedzic K, Portillo MC, Johnson R. A proposal to embed patient and public involvement within qualitative data collection and analysis phases of a primary care based implementation study. RESEARCH INVOLVEMENT AND ENGAGEMENT 2023; 9:37. [PMID: 37259130 DOI: 10.1186/s40900-023-00440-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patient and public involvement (PPI) is increasingly seen as essential to health service research. There are strong moral and ethical arguments for good quality PPI. Despite the development of guidance aimed at addressing the inconsistent reporting of PPI activities within research, little progress has been made in documenting the steps taken to undertake PPI and how it influences the direction of a study. Without this information, there are minimal opportunities to share learnings across projects and strengthen future PPI practices. The aim of this paper is to present details on the processes and activities planned to integrate PPI into the qualitative research component of a mixed-methods, multi-site study evaluating the implementation of a smart template to promote personalised primary care for patients with multiple long-term conditions. METHODS This proposal describes the processes and activities planned to integrate PPI into the development and piloting of qualitative data collection tools (topic guides for both practice staff and patients) and a tailored data analysis package developed for PPI members incorporating broad concepts and specific methods of qualitative data analysis. DISCUSSION Outputs relating to PPI activity may include clear, concise and suitably worded topic guides for qualitative interviews. Piloting of the topic guides via mock interviews will further develop researchers' skills including sensitisation to the experiences of participants being interviewed. Working with PPI members when analysing the qualitative data aims to provide reciprocal learning opportunities and may contribute to improving the overall rigour of the data analysis. The intent of publishing proposed PPI activities within this project is to inform the future delivery of high quality PPI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Moult
- Impact Accelerator Unit, Keele University, Newcastle-Under-Lyme, ST5 5BG, UK.
| | - Carmel McGrath
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Behavioural Science and Evaluation, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- The National Institute for Health and Care Research Applied Research Collaboration West (NIHR ARC West), University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
- Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, School of Health and Social Wellbeing, University of West England, Bristol, UK
| | - Kate Lippiett
- School of Health Sciences, NIHR ARC Wessex, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Caroline Coope
- Centre for Academic Primary Care, Bristol Medical School, 39 Whatley Road, Bristol, UK
| | - Simon Chilcott
- National Institute for Health Research Applied Research Collaboration West (NIHR ARC West), University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, BS1 2NT, UK
| | - Cindy Mann
- Centre for Academic Primary Care, Bristol Medical School, 39 Whatley Road, Bristol, UK
| | - Nicola Evans
- Impact Accelerator Unit, Keele University, Newcastle-Under-Lyme, ST5 5BG, UK
| | - Andrew Turner
- National Institute for Health Research Applied Research Collaboration West (NIHR ARC West), University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, BS1 2NT, UK
- Centre for Academic Primary Care, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK
| | - Krysia Dziedzic
- Impact Accelerator Unit, Keele University, Newcastle-Under-Lyme, ST5 5BG, UK
| | - M C Portillo
- School of Health Sciences, NIHR ARC Wessex, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Rachel Johnson
- Centre for Academic Primary Care, Bristol Medical School, 39 Whatley Road, Bristol, UK
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10
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Thomas C, Cockcroft E, Jenkins G, Liabo K. Working with children and young people in research: Supportive practices and pathways to impact. J Child Health Care 2023:13674935231171451. [PMID: 37186542 DOI: 10.1177/13674935231171451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Children and young people have much to contribute to the design and delivery of health research and care. Nevertheless, there are multiple barriers to meaningful and impactful involvement of children and young people. This narrative review synthesised existing literature on the involvement of children and young people as partners in health research. Authors screened electronic databases and reference lists to identify relevant studies. Data were extracted on how involvement was described, what young people contributed to, and the impact of their involvement. The review identified 15 reports; these reported researcher observations and findings from focus group discussions and questionnaires about the involvement. Impacts recorded in these studies included influence on research; outputs from involvement activities; shifts in researchers' attitudes; a sense of achievement in young people; and fulfilling relationships. These impacts were associated with principles being followed: building relationships over time to allow for unexpected involvement in the research, flexibility so young people could contribute in ways that work for them, and training. Methods adapted to be youth-appropriate such as visual aids and icebreaker games also enabled impact. Impactful involvement relies on processes that respond to young people's preferences for engagement and activities that support them to share their views.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciara Thomas
- University of Exeter Medical School, Department for Health and Community Sciences, Exeter, UK
| | - Emma Cockcroft
- University of Exeter Medical School, Department for Health and Community Sciences, Exeter, UK
| | - Georgia Jenkins
- University of Exeter Medical School, Department for Health and Community Sciences, Exeter, UK
| | - Kristin Liabo
- University of Exeter Medical School, Department for Health and Community Sciences, Exeter, UK
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11
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Saron H, Munro J, Young R, Carrol ED, Porter D, Cantwell R, Crouch C, Roberts J, Carter B. ‘ZOOMing’ in on Consulting with Children and Parents Remotely to Co-Create Health Information Resources. CHILDREN 2023; 10:children10030539. [PMID: 36980097 PMCID: PMC10047904 DOI: 10.3390/children10030539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic altered the way many people worked. Remote and creative ways were favoured and utilised for consultation activities. In this paper, we draw attention to how we have used creative methods over the teleconferencing platform ‘ZOOM’ to consult with children and their parents when we were unable to consult with them face-to-face. We document a clear timeline of how we have worked together to co-create an animation and information sheet about receiving outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT). We identify the opportunities and challenges we faced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly Saron
- Faculty of Health, Social Care and Medicine, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk L39 4QP, UK;
| | | | - Rob Young
- Faculty Associate at NHS Research & Development North West, Salford HG2 0HD, UK;
| | - Enitan D. Carrol
- Alder Hey NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool L14 5AB, UK; (E.D.C.); (D.P.)
- Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
| | - David Porter
- Alder Hey NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool L14 5AB, UK; (E.D.C.); (D.P.)
| | - Ruth Cantwell
- Alder Hey NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool L14 5AB, UK; (E.D.C.); (D.P.)
| | - Claire Crouch
- Alder Hey NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool L14 5AB, UK; (E.D.C.); (D.P.)
| | - Julia Roberts
- Alder Hey NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool L14 5AB, UK; (E.D.C.); (D.P.)
| | - Bernie Carter
- Faculty of Health, Social Care and Medicine, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk L39 4QP, UK;
- Correspondence:
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12
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Delahunt A, Callanan S, Killeen SL, McDonnell CM, McAuliffe FM. Including the child's voice in research from a longitudinal birth cohort: insights from the ROLO young person's advisory group. RESEARCH INVOLVEMENT AND ENGAGEMENT 2023; 9:2. [PMID: 36759920 PMCID: PMC9910271 DOI: 10.1186/s40900-023-00411-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Public and patient involvement (PPI) through Young Person's Advisory Groups (YPAG) enables children to provide guidance and insight into research activities. PPI is an important characteristic of research, however, to date, most collaboration has been with adults. Also, few YPAGs have been established within the Irish setting. The ROLO (Randomised cOntrol trial of a LOw glycaemic index diet in pregnancy to prevent macrosomia) YPAG was established in July 2020 to identify the research priorities of a group of healthy Irish children who are part of a longitudinal birth cohort. We aimed to describe this process and the key insights to date. METHODS The ROLO study is a longitudinal birth cohort which has followed-up mother-child dyads at multiple timepoints over 10 years. Mothers actively involved in the study were contacted by the research team to invite their ROLO child and older sibling to participate in the YPAG. Meetings were conducted virtually between July 2020 and February 2022. Researchers encouraged free expression of views amongst the children regarding their research interests. Meetings were recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed for themes based on the topics most frequently discussed and considered important to participants. RESULTS In all, seven ROLO children and six older siblings attended four ROLO YPAG meetings. Participants were aged between nine to fifteen years old. Four key themes were identified; study children viewed their identity as part of a longitudinal birth cohort as positive and unique; study children considered the fitness test and body measurements as fun aspects related to their participation; all children considered the impact and use of social media as an important form of communication; and all participants expressed interest in attaining new health-related information and learning opportunities. Children suggested topics such as mental health, future viruses, organ transplants, cancer, and the effect of technology and chemicals on the body were important for future research. CONCLUSION The ROLO YPAG offers promising scope for continued collaboration. The themes identified from the meetings contribute to a gap in the literature which will guide future research activities, particularly with children, in view of study design, relevance, and by communication strategies. Trial Details: ISRCTN54392969 registered at www.isrctn.com .
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Delahunt
- UCD Perinatal Research Centre, School of Medicine, The National Maternity Hospital, University College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Sophie Callanan
- UCD Perinatal Research Centre, School of Medicine, The National Maternity Hospital, University College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Sarah Louise Killeen
- UCD Perinatal Research Centre, School of Medicine, The National Maternity Hospital, University College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Ciara M McDonnell
- Department of Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Children's Health Ireland, Temple Street and Tallaght, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Fionnuala M McAuliffe
- UCD Perinatal Research Centre, School of Medicine, The National Maternity Hospital, University College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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13
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Children and adolescents are not small adults: towards a better understanding of multimorbidity in younger populations. J Clin Epidemiol 2022; 149:165-171. [PMID: 35820585 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2022.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Multimorbidity is of increasing importance for the health of both children and adults but research has hitherto focused on adult multimorbidity. Hence, public awareness, practice and policy lack vital information about multimorbidity in childhood and adolescence. We convened an international and interdisciplinary group of experts from six nations to identify key priorities supported by published evidence to strengthen research for children and adolescent with multimorbidity. Future research is encouraged 1) To develop a conceptual framework to capture unique aspects of child and adolescent multimorbidity - including definitions, characteristic patterns of conditions for different age groups, its dynamic nature through childhood and adolescence and understanding of severity and trajectories for different clusters of multiple chronic conditions, 2) To define new indices to classify the presence of multimorbidity in children and adolescents, 3) To improve the availability and linkage of data across countries, 4) To synthesize evidence on the global phenomenon of multimorbidity in childhood and adolescence as well as health inequalities, 5) To involve children and adolescents in research relevant to their health.
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14
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Values, principles, strategies, and frameworks underlying patient and public involvement in health technology assessment and guideline development: a scoping review. Int J Technol Assess Health Care 2022; 38:e46. [PMID: 35655444 DOI: 10.1017/s0266462322000289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The importance of patient and public involvement (PPI) is recognized by agencies involved in health technology assessment (HTA) and guideline development. However, a comprehensive overview of the underlying PPI principles, values, strategies, and frameworks is lacking. This scoping review aimed to summarize the available evidence on principles, values, frameworks, and strategies underpinning PPI carried out by agencies involved in HTA and guideline development. A total of twelve records were included, of which four referred to guidelines and eight to HTA. Overall, this review demonstrated a lack of consistency in the definition and application of the concepts of values and principles to PPI in the context of guideline development and HTA. There was significant overlap between values and principles, with some broad themes emerging, such as representation, transparency, relevance, equity, fairness, and reconciling different types of knowledge. Frameworks were typically based on the stages of guideline development or HTA, despite heterogeneity in how stages were labeled and described. Strategies were also mapped to the stages of guideline development and HTA and varied substantially depending on the context and setting. Both strategies and frameworks demonstrated patients and the public can be involved, albeit to a variable extent, throughout the stages of guideline development and HTA. However, frameworks often failed to explicitly link the values and principles with the HTA and guideline development stages through actionable PPI strategies. Further research is warranted to better understand the values, principles, and frameworks underpinning PPI in guideline development and HTA.
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15
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Erwin J, Paisi M, Witton R, Neill S, Burns L, Vassallo I, Nelder A, Facenfield J, Devalia U, Vassallo T. Factors Influencing Oral Health Behaviours, Access and Provision of Dental Care for Autistic Children and Adolescents in Countries with a Very High Human Development Index: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182312346. [PMID: 34886072 PMCID: PMC8657110 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182312346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Autistic children and adolescents are at high risk of dental disease and experience oral health inequalities. They consistently show high levels of unmet needs in relation to their oral health and access to dental care. There are no systematic reviews that bring together the evidence on the factors that influence oral hygiene behaviours, and access to and provision of dental care for autistic children and adolescents. A systematic search will be carried out in eight international databases and in grey literature of qualitative, quantitative and mixed method research studies from countries with a High Development Index which relate to oral health behaviours, and access to and provision of dental care. Only studies where participants are autistic children and adolescents aged 19 years or under, parents/guardians/caregivers, support staff, or oral health care providers will be included. Quantitative and qualitative data will be synthesized together through data transformation using a convergent integrated approach. Thematic synthesis will be used to carry out an inductive analysis of the data. The findings from the systematic review which this protocol generates will be used in the development of an appropriate local clinic care pathway for autistic children/adolescents and to inform national policies and practices. Prospero registration: CRD 42021248764.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jo Erwin
- Peninsula Dental School, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK; (M.P.); (R.W.); (L.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Martha Paisi
- Peninsula Dental School, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK; (M.P.); (R.W.); (L.B.)
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK;
- Peninsula Dental Social Enterprise, Plymouth Science Park, Research Way, Plymouth PL6 8BT, UK; (A.N.); (J.F.)
| | - Robert Witton
- Peninsula Dental School, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK; (M.P.); (R.W.); (L.B.)
- Peninsula Dental Social Enterprise, Plymouth Science Park, Research Way, Plymouth PL6 8BT, UK; (A.N.); (J.F.)
| | - Sarah Neill
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK;
| | - Lorna Burns
- Peninsula Dental School, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK; (M.P.); (R.W.); (L.B.)
| | - Isaac Vassallo
- School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK;
| | - Abigail Nelder
- Peninsula Dental Social Enterprise, Plymouth Science Park, Research Way, Plymouth PL6 8BT, UK; (A.N.); (J.F.)
| | - Jemma Facenfield
- Peninsula Dental Social Enterprise, Plymouth Science Park, Research Way, Plymouth PL6 8BT, UK; (A.N.); (J.F.)
| | - Urshla Devalia
- Royal National ENT and Eastman Dental Hospital, London University, 47-49 Huntley St, London WC1E 6DG, UK;
| | - Tara Vassallo
- Plymouth Institute of Education, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK;
- National Autistic Society—Plymouth & District Branch, Plymouth PL1 4QU, UK
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16
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Sales CMD, Martins F, Alves MM, Carletto S, Conejo-Cerón S, da Silva LC, Čuš A, Edridge C, Ferreira N, Hancheva C, Lima EMA, Liverpool S, Midgley N, Moltrecht B, Moreno-Peral P, Morgan N, Mortimer R, Mota CP, Pietrabissa G, Sousa S, Ulberg R, Edbrooke-Childs J. Patient and Public Involvement in Youth Mental Health Research: Protocol for a Systematic Review of Practices and Impact. Front Psychol 2021; 12:703624. [PMID: 34803797 PMCID: PMC8603822 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.703624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Various health settings have advocated for involving patients and members of the public (PPI) in research as a means to increase quality and relevance of the produced knowledge. However, youth PPI has been an understudied area. This protocol paper describes a new project that aims to summarize what is known about PPI with young people in mental health research. In line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses Statement guidelines we will identify and appraise suitable articles and extract and synthesize relevant information including at least two reviewers at each stage of the process. Results will be presented in two systematic reviews that will describe (a) how youth PPI has been conducted (Review1) and (b) what impact youth PPI had on the subsequent research and on stakeholders (Review2). To our knowledge, this is the first set of reviews that uses a critical appraisal tool, which is co-developed with children and young people. Findings from this project will provide valuable insights and set out the key steps to adopting adequate PPI methods when involving children and young people in mental health research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Célia M D Sales
- Faculty of Psychology and Education Science, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Center for Psychology, University of Porto (CPUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Filipa Martins
- Faculty of Psychology and Education Science, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Marisa M Alves
- Faculty of Psychology and Education Science, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sara Carletto
- Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Luis Costa da Silva
- Evidence Based Practice Unit, University College London and Anna Freud National Centre for Children and Families, Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, London, United Kingdom.,Child Outcomes Research Consortium, Anna Freud National Centre for Children and Families, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anja Čuš
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Chloe Edridge
- Evidence Based Practice Unit, University College London and Anna Freud National Centre for Children and Families, Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, London, United Kingdom.,Child Outcomes Research Consortium, Anna Freud National Centre for Children and Families, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nuno Ferreira
- Department of Social Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | | | - Esperanca M A Lima
- Faculty of Psychology and Education Science, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Shaun Liverpool
- Evidence Based Practice Unit, University College London and Anna Freud National Centre for Children and Families, Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, London, United Kingdom.,Faculty of Health, Social Care and Medicine, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, United Kingdom
| | - Nick Midgley
- Evidence Based Practice Unit, University College London and Anna Freud National Centre for Children and Families, Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Bettina Moltrecht
- Evidence Based Practice Unit, University College London and Anna Freud National Centre for Children and Families, Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Nicholas Morgan
- Child Outcomes Research Consortium, Anna Freud National Centre for Children and Families, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rose Mortimer
- Evidence Based Practice Unit, University College London and Anna Freud National Centre for Children and Families, Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Catarina Pinheiro Mota
- Evidence Based Practice Unit, University College London and Anna Freud National Centre for Children and Families, Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, London, United Kingdom.,University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Giada Pietrabissa
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Psychology Research Laboratory, Milan, Italy
| | - Sonia Sousa
- School of Digital Technologies, Tallinn University, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Randi Ulberg
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Psychiatry at Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Julian Edbrooke-Childs
- Evidence Based Practice Unit, University College London and Anna Freud National Centre for Children and Families, Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, London, United Kingdom.,Child Outcomes Research Consortium, Anna Freud National Centre for Children and Families, London, United Kingdom
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17
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Rouncefield-Swales A, Harris J, Carter B, Bray L, Bewley T, Martin R. Children and young people's contributions to public involvement and engagement activities in health-related research: A scoping review. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0252774. [PMID: 34106978 PMCID: PMC8189547 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There has been an increasing interest in how children and young people can be involved in patient and public involvement and engagement (PPIE) in health research. However, relatively little robust evidence exists about which children and young people are reported as being involved or excluded from PPIE; the methods reported as being used to involve them in PPIE; and the reasons presented for their involvement in PPIE and what happens as a result. We performed a scoping review to identify, synthesise and present what is known from the literature about patient and public involvement and engagement activities with children and young people in health related research. METHODS Relevant studies were identified by searches in Scopus, Medline, CINAHL, Cochrane and PsychInfo databases, and hand checking of reference lists and grey literature. An adapted version of the Guidance for Reporting Involvement of Patients and the Public (GRIPP2) was used as a framework to collate the data. Two reviewers independently screened articles and decisions were consensually made. MAIN FINDINGS A total of 9805 references were identified (after duplicates were removed) through the literature search, of which 233 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility. Forty studies published between 2000 and 2019 were included in the review. The review reveals ambiguities in the quality of reporting of PPIE with children with clear reporting on demographics and health conditions. The review found that children and young people were commonly involved in multiple stages of research but there was also significant variation in the level at which children and young people were involved in PPIE. Evaluation of the impact of children and young people's involvement in PPIE was limited. CONCLUSIONS Consultation, engagement and participation can all offer children and young people worthwhile ways of contributing to research with the level, purpose and impact of involvement determined by the children and young people themselves. However, careful decisions need to be made to ensure that it is suited to the context, setting and focus so that the desired PPIE impacts are achieved. Improvements should be made to the evaluation and reporting of PPIE in research. This will help researchers and funders to better understand the benefits, challenges and impact of PPIE with children and young people on health research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jane Harris
- Faculty of Health, Public Health Institute, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Bernie Carter
- Faculty of Health, Social Care and Medicine, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, United Kingdom
| | - Lucy Bray
- Faculty of Health, Social Care and Medicine, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, United Kingdom
| | - Toni Bewley
- Faculty of Health, Social Care and Medicine, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, United Kingdom
| | - Rachael Martin
- Faculty of Health, Social Care and Medicine, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, United Kingdom
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18
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Mitchell SJ, Slowther AM, Coad J, Khan D, Samani M, Dale J. An evaluation of the experiences of young people in Patient and Public Involvement for palliative care research. Palliat Med 2021; 35:793-798. [PMID: 33726608 PMCID: PMC8022075 DOI: 10.1177/0269216321999301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The active involvement of patients and the public in the design and conduct of research (Patient and Public Involvement) is important to add relevance and context. There are particular considerations for involving children and young people in research in potentially sensitive and emotional subject areas such as palliative care. AIM To evaluate the experiences of young people of Patient and Public Involvement for a paediatric palliative care research study. DESIGN Anonymous written feedback was collected from group members about their experiences of Patient and Public Involvement in a paediatric palliative care research study. An inductive thematic analysis of the feedback was conducted using NVivo. SETTING / PARTICIPANTS Young people aged 12-22 years who were members of existing advisory groups at a children's hospital, hospice and the clinical research network in the West Midlands, UK. RESULTS Feedback was provided by 30 young people at three meetings, held between December 2016 and February 2017. Three themes emerged: (1) Involvement: Young people have a desire to be involved in palliative care research, and recognise the importance of the subject area.(2) Impact: Researchers should demonstrate the impact of the involvement work on the research, by regularly providing feedback. (3) Learning: Opportunities to learn both about the topic and about research more widely were valued. CONCLUSIONS Young people want to be involved in palliative care research, and recognise its importance. A continuous relationship with the researcher throughout the study, with clear demonstration of the impact that their input has on the research plans, are important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Mitchell
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | | | - Jane Coad
- School of Health Sciences, Queens Medical Centre Campus, University of Nottingham, UK
| | - Dena Khan
- NIHR CRN West Midlands Young Person’s Steering Group, Stafford, Birmingham, UK
| | - Mohini Samani
- NIHR CRN West Midlands Young Person’s Steering Group, Stafford, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jeremy Dale
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
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19
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Roach A, Braybrook D, Marshall S. Reflective insights from developing a palliative care children and young people's advisory group. Palliat Med 2021; 35:621-624. [PMID: 33435853 PMCID: PMC7975856 DOI: 10.1177/0269216320976035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The importance of actively involving patient and public members throughout the different stages of palliative care and health research projects is widely acknowledged, however patient and public involvement work rarely considers insight from children and young people. Although this is becoming increasingly recognised in other areas of research, there is currently no structured guidance on how to best involve children and young people in palliative care research. AIM To plan and deliver a Young People's Advisory Group in palliative care and health research at a secondary school. FINDINGS Attending an after-school 'Health and Social Research Methods Club' for 11 weeks benefitted children and researchers. Children were taught about data collection methods, data analysis and ethics in health research and used these skills to provide valuable feedback which has been implemented in current palliative care research projects. Children took part in considered discussions around palliative care topics and enjoyed attending the group. CONCLUSION This project has equipped researchers with skills and provided a structured template for future Young People's Advisory Groups, ensuring the unique voices of children and young people are considered and valued in future palliative care research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Roach
- Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery & Palliative Care, Cicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care, Policy & Rehabilitation, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Debbie Braybrook
- Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery & Palliative Care, Cicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care, Policy & Rehabilitation, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Steve Marshall
- Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery & Palliative Care, Cicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care, Policy & Rehabilitation, King's College London, London, UK
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20
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How do we know what works? Evaluating data on the extent and impact of young people’s involvement in English health research. RESEARCH FOR ALL 2020. [DOI: 10.14324/rfa.04.2.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The case for children and young people’s involvement in health research has been well documented, but less attention has been paid to the experiences and impact of involving children and young people rather than adults. This paper explores these issues in relation to a project undertaken for the James Lind Initiative on the availability, quality and reliability of existing data on young people’s involvement in studies supported by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR). The project found that there was no systematic way of getting reliable and comparable information about which young people are involved in health research in England, what form that involvement may have taken or the impacts of involvement. There is a need to better collate and disseminate evidence on young people’s involvement in research, using both existing systems and processes, and the possible development of new metrics and measures. Not having this information risks children and young people’s involvement continuing to develop in a piecemeal fashion. Further research is needed about how, when and where children and young people are involved in health research, and about the impact of involvement on research and on the children and young people involved.
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21
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Camara C, Drape K, Krishnan K. The co-production of research with children and young people. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 29:674-676. [PMID: 32579445 DOI: 10.12968/bjon.2020.29.12.674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Claire Camara
- Graduate Tutor, Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Northumbria University
| | - Katherine Drape
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Northumbria University
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22
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Pavarini G, Lorimer J, Manzini A, Goundrey‐Smith E, Singh I. Co-producing research with youth: The NeurOx young people's advisory group model. Health Expect 2019; 22:743-751. [PMID: 31095837 PMCID: PMC6737761 DOI: 10.1111/hex.12911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT The 1989 UN Convention on the Rights of the Child states that children have the right to be heard in all matters affecting them. The Convention inspired a surge in research that investigates young people's perspectives on health and wellness-related concerns and that involves children as 'co-researchers'. Young people's advisory groups (YPAGs) are a widely used method to enable young people's involvement in all research stages, but there is a lack of academic literature to guide researchers on how to set up, run and evaluate the impact of such groups. OBJECTIVE In this paper, we provide a step-by-step model, grounded in our own experience of setting up and coordinating the Oxford Neuroscience, Ethics and Society Young People's Advisory Group (NeurOx YPAG). This group supports studies at the intersection of ethics, mental health and novel technologies. Our model covers the following stages: deciding on the fit for co-production, recruiting participants, developing collective principles of work, running a meeting and evaluating impact. RESULTS We emphasize that throughout this process, researchers should take a critical stance by reflecting on whether a co-production model fits their research scope and aims; ensuring (or aspiring to) representativeness within the group; valuing different kinds of expertise; and undertaking on-going evaluations on the impact of the group on both the young people and the research. CONCLUSION Adopting a critical and reflective attitude can increase researchers' capacity to engage youth in democratic and inclusive ways, and to produce research outputs that are aligned with the target audience's needs and priorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Pavarini
- Department of Psychiatry and Wellcome Centre for Ethics and HumanitiesUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Jessica Lorimer
- Department of Psychiatry and Wellcome Centre for Ethics and HumanitiesUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Arianna Manzini
- Department of Psychiatry and Wellcome Centre for Ethics and HumanitiesUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Ed Goundrey‐Smith
- Oxford Neuroscience, Ethics and Society Young People's Advisory GroupOxfordUK
| | - Ilina Singh
- Department of Psychiatry and Wellcome Centre for Ethics and HumanitiesUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
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23
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Phillips B, Depani S, Morgan J. What do families want to improve in the management of paediatric febrile neutropenia during anti-cancer treatment? Report of a patient/public involvement group. BMJ Paediatr Open 2019; 3:e000398. [PMID: 30957027 PMCID: PMC6422240 DOI: 10.1136/bmjpo-2018-000398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study reports how parents and young people who had an experience offebrile neutropenia (FN) improved the design of a trial to inform the management of this condition. Five parents, a young person who had completed treatment and three clinician-researchers contributed. METHODS The group was formed after an invitation on social media and met via video conference. Many participants were from an existing childhood-cancer parent-involvement group. The initial questions asked during discussion were about the importance of the topic, the views on the need for a trial, which important outcomes should be measured and the practical aspects which would make it easier or more difficult for people to take part in it. The conversation occurred for an entire afternoon, was audio and video recorded, transcribed, analysed and checked by those involved. The fifth parent added to this via email. RESULTS The group altered the trial structure by proposing randomising of each child to one of the two management methods through the whole of their anti-cancer treatment, rather than randomising the study sites or the child at each visit. They felt that even if people declined taking part in the study in the first weeks of diagnosis, their views might change and they should be allowed to consent later. They also proposed methods of collecting important patient and family data, enriching the medical information gained in the study. Active follow-up, negotiated for each individual family, was also suggested. CONCLUSION Trials for improving the management of FN in children and young people who are undergoing anti-cancer treatments should consider individual-patient randomisation, collection of 'quality of life' and 'experience of care' aspects using digital and paper-based methods, engage families in shared decision-making about management options and ensure adequate supportive information is available and accessible to all patients regardless of background, geographical location or age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bob Phillips
- Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, University of York, Leeds, UK.,Regional Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Leeds Childrens Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Jess Morgan
- Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, University of York, Leeds, UK
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24
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Hamilton CB, Hoens AM, McQuitty S, McKinnon AM, English K, Backman CL, Azimi T, Khodarahmi N, Li LC. Development and pre-testing of the Patient Engagement In Research Scale (PEIRS) to assess the quality of engagement from a patient perspective. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206588. [PMID: 30383823 PMCID: PMC6211727 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To develop and examine the content and face validity of the Patient Engagement In Research Scale (PEIRS) for assessing the quality of patient engagement in research projects from a patient partner perspective. METHODS Our team of researchers and patient partners conducted a mixed qualitative and quantitative study in three phases. Participants were English-speaking adult patients (including informal caregivers, family members, and friends) with varying experiences as partners in research projects in Canada. 1) Questionnaire items were generated following thematic analysis of in-depth interviews and published literature. 2) A three-round e-Delphi survey process via email correspondence was undertaken to refine and select the items for a provisional PEIRS. 3) Two rounds of cognitive interviewing elicited participants' understanding and opinions of each item and the structure of the PEIRS. RESULTS One hundred and twenty items were generated from 18 interviews and organized across eight themes of meaningful engagement of patients in health research to form an initial questionnaire. The e-Delphi survey and cognitive interviewing each included 12 participants with a range of self-reported diseases, health-related conditions, and use of healthcare services. The e-Delphi survey yielded a 43-item provisional PEIRS. The PEIRS was then reduced to 37 items organized across seven themes after 1) refinement of problems in its instructions and items, and 2) the combining of two themes into one. CONCLUSIONS We developed a 37-item self-reported questionnaire that has demonstrated preliminary content and face validity for assessing the quality of patient engagement in research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clayon B. Hamilton
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond, BC, Canada
| | - Alison M. Hoens
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Arthritis Patient Advisory Board, Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond, BC, Canada
- BC SUPPORT Unit, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Shanon McQuitty
- Arthritis Patient Advisory Board, Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond, BC, Canada
| | - Annette M. McKinnon
- Arthritis Patient Advisory Board, Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond, BC, Canada
| | - Kelly English
- Arthritis Patient Advisory Board, Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond, BC, Canada
| | - Catherine L. Backman
- Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond, BC, Canada
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Tara Azimi
- Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond, BC, Canada
| | | | - Linda C. Li
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond, BC, Canada
- BC SUPPORT Unit, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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