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Little evidence for a reduced late positive potential to unpleasant stimuli in major depressive disorder. NEUROIMAGE: REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ynirp.2022.100077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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2
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Clinical Findings in SMR Neurofeedback Protocol Training in Women with Fibromyalgia Syndrome. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11081069. [PMID: 34439688 PMCID: PMC8394448 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11081069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibromyalgia is related to central sensitization syndrome (CSS) and is associated with chronic pain and a decrease in general health. The aim of this study was to explore how changes in brain patterns of female fibromyalgia patients are shaped by neurofeedback therapy and how it affects pain perception and general health. A quasi-experimental study with pre- and post-tests was carried out with 37 female fibromyalgia patients referred by the Pain Unit of the National Health Service of Spain. The method involved applying a sensorimotor rhythm (SMR) protocol to monitor changes in brain waves under different conditions, taking pre-/post-test measurements of perceived pain, general health and the impact on fibromyalgia. Measures included the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire Revised (FIQR), the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) and EEG (SMR, theta waves). During therapy, the SMR/theta wave ratio increased significantly and after application of therapy, significant results were observed for the FIQR, VAS and GHQ-28. In conclusion, neurofeedback therapy increases the SMR/theta wave ratio in fibromyalgia, helping to maintain a balance between brain functions. This is associated with the activation of inhibitory processes, which is related to the perceived improvement of pain in fibromyalgia patients.
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Staud R, Godfrey MM, Robinson ME. Fibromyalgia Patients Are Not Only Hypersensitive to Painful Stimuli But Also to Acoustic Stimuli. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2021; 22:914-925. [PMID: 33636370 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2021.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Fibromyalgia is a chronic widespread pain syndrome associated with hypersensitivity to nociceptive stimuli. This increased sensitivity of FM patients has been associated with central sensitization of dorsal horn neurons. Increasing evidence, however, suggests that the mechanisms of FM hypersensitivity not only affect pain but include light, smell, and sound. We hypothesized that supraspinal augmentation of sensory input including sound represent a hallmark of FM. We tested 23 FM patients and 28 healthy controls (HC) for sensory augmentation of nociceptive and non-nociceptive sensations: For assessment of nociceptive augmentation we used sensitivity adjusted mechanical and heat ramp & hold stimuli and for assessment of sound augmentation, we applied wideband noise stimuli using a random-staircase design. Quantitative sensory testing demonstrated increased heat and mechanical pain sensitivity in FM participants (P < .001). The sound pressures needed to report mild, moderate, and intense sound levels were significantly lower in FM compared to HC (P < .001), consistent with auditory augmentation. FM patients are not only augmenting noxious sensations but also sound, suggesting that FM augmentation mechanisms are not only operant in the spinal cord but also in the brain. Whether the central nervous system mechanisms for auditory and nociceptive augmentation are similar, needs to be determined in future studies. PERSPECTIVE: This study presents QST evidence that the hypersensitivity of FM patients is not limited to painful stimuli but also to innocuous stimuli like sound. Our results suggest that abnormal brain mechanisms may be responsible for the increased sensitivity of FM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland Staud
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.
| | | | - Michael E Robinson
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
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Steiner GZ, Barry RJ, Wassink K, De Blasio FM, Fogarty JS, Cave AE, Love S, Armour M. Neuronal Correlates of Cognitive Control Are Altered in Women With Endometriosis and Chronic Pelvic Pain. Front Syst Neurosci 2020; 14:593581. [PMID: 33390910 PMCID: PMC7772245 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2020.593581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is a debilitating women's health condition and is the most common cause of chronic pelvic pain. Impaired cognitive control is common in chronic pain conditions, however, it has not yet been investigated in endometriosis. The aim of this study was to explore the neuronal correlates of cognitive control in women with endometriosis. Using a cross-sectional study design with data collected at a single time-point, event-related potentials were elicited during a cued continuous performance test from 20 women with endometriosis (mean age = 28.5 ± 5.2 years) and 20 age- and gender-matched controls (mean age = 28.5 ± 5.2 years). Event-related potential components were extracted and P3 component amplitudes were derived with temporal principal components analysis. Behavioral and ERP outcomes were compared between groups and subjective pain severity was correlated with ERP component amplitudes. No significant behavioral differences were seen in task performance between the groups (all p > 0.094). Target P3b (all p < 0.034) and SW (all p < 0.040), and non-target early P3a (eP3a; all p < 0.023) and late P3a (lP3a; all p < 0.035) amplitudes were smaller for the endometriosis compared to the healthy control group. Lower non-target eP3a (p < 0.001), lP3a (p = 0.013), and SW (p = 0.019) amplitudes were correlated with higher pain severity scores. Findings suggest that endometriosis-associated chronic pelvic pain is linked to alterations in stimulus-response processing and inhibitory control networks, but not impaired behavioral performance, due to compensatory neuroplastic changes in overlapping cognitive control and pain networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genevieve Z Steiner
- NICM Health Research Institute and Translational Health Research Institute (THRI), Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia.,Brain & Behaviour Research Institute and School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Robert J Barry
- Brain & Behaviour Research Institute and School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Katherine Wassink
- Brain & Behaviour Research Institute and School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Frances M De Blasio
- Brain & Behaviour Research Institute and School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Jack S Fogarty
- Brain & Behaviour Research Institute and School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Adele E Cave
- NICM Health Research Institute and Translational Health Research Institute (THRI), Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Sapphire Love
- Brain & Behaviour Research Institute and School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Mike Armour
- NICM Health Research Institute and Translational Health Research Institute (THRI), Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
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Abstract
Attention related electrophysiological waves, such as P300, often deviate from norm in various populations of neuropsychiatric patients. For example, the amplitude is often smaller and the latency is often longer in major depressive disorder, in bipolar disorder and in schizophrenia. On the other hand, in other neuropsychiatric populations, it is often possible to note the opposite phenomena of larger P300 amplitude and shorter latency in comparison with norm, but only for a specific subset of stimuli. This is often reported in various anxiety disorders, substance abuse and various chronic pain syndromes. These findings in the various clinical populations, on their commonalities and differences, are presented in this work. The prevalence of these two types of deviations in the electrophysiological markers of attention, shared by multiple neuropsychiatric populations, raise interesting questions regarding the role of attention deviation and regulation in neuropsychiatry. We present these questions and outline a possible hypothesis in this regard. Furthermore, such potential sensitivity of the attention-related markers to clinical dynamics suggests they could be candidates for monitoring and, potentially, early-sensing of clinical dynamics. Therefore, we discuss the potential usability of such markers.
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Samartin-Veiga N, González-Villar AJ, Carrillo-de-la-Peña MT. Neural correlates of cognitive dysfunction in fibromyalgia patients: Reduced brain electrical activity during the execution of a cognitive control task. Neuroimage Clin 2019; 23:101817. [PMID: 30999252 PMCID: PMC6468193 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2019.101817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Fibromyalgia (FM) is a generalized chronic pain syndrome of unknown aetiology. Although FM patients frequently complain of cognitive dysfunction, this is one of the least studied symptoms. Research on brain activity associated with the perceived cognitive impairment is particularly scarce. To address this gap, we recorded the brain electrical activity in participants during a cognitive control task. METHODS Electroencephalograms (EEGs) were recorded in 19 FM patients and 22 healthy controls (all women) while they performed the Multi-Source Interference Task (MSIT). We analyzed the amplitude of the frontal N2 and parietal P3 components elicited in control and interference trials and their relation with reaction times. We also explored the relationship of perceived cognitive dysfunction, assessed using visual analogue scales (VAS) and the Memory Failures of Everyday (MFE-30) test, with N2 and P3 amplitudes. RESULTS The N2 amplitudes were smaller in FM patients than in controls and were negatively associated with cognitive complaints. Unlike patients, healthy controls showed significant differences in the amplitude of P3 obtained from control vs. interference trials of the MSIT. Smaller N2 and P3 amplitudes were associated to longer reaction times. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest a reduction in frontal brain activity during performance of an interference task, which was associated with the patients' cognitive complaints. Findings on P3 suggest altered modulation of attention according to the task demands in FM patients. Deficits in flexibility in the allocation of attentional resources and cognitive control during complex tasks may explain the dyscognition reported by chronic pain patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Samartin-Veiga
- Departamento de Psicoloxía Clínica e Psicobioloxía, Facultade de Psicoloxía, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - A J González-Villar
- Departamento de Psicoloxía Clínica e Psicobioloxía, Facultade de Psicoloxía, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Psychological Neuroscience Lab, Research Center in Psychology, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - M T Carrillo-de-la-Peña
- Departamento de Psicoloxía Clínica e Psicobioloxía, Facultade de Psicoloxía, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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López-Solà M, Woo CW, Pujol J, Deus J, Harrison BJ, Monfort J, Wager TD. Towards a neurophysiological signature for fibromyalgia. Pain 2017; 158:34-47. [PMID: 27583567 PMCID: PMC5161739 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000000707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Patients with fibromyalgia (FM) show characteristically enhanced unpleasantness to painful and nonpainful sensations accompanied by altered neural responses. The diagnostic potential of such neural alterations, including their sensitivity and specificity to FM (vs healthy controls) is unknown. We identify a brain signature that characterizes FM central pathophysiology at the neural systems level. We included 37 patients with FM and 35 matched healthy controls, and analyzed functional magnetic resonance imaging responses to (1) painful pressure and (2) nonpainful multisensory (visual-auditory-tactile) stimulation. We used machine-learning techniques to identify a brain-based FM signature. When exposed to the same painful stimuli, patients with FM showed greater neurologic pain signature (NPS; Wager et al., 2013. An fMRI-based neurologic signature of physical pain. N Engl J Med 2013;368:1388-97) responses. In addition, a new pain-related classifier ("FM-pain") revealed augmented responses in sensory integration (insula/operculum) and self-referential (eg, medial prefrontal) regions in FM and reduced responses in the lateral frontal cortex. A "multisensory" classifier trained on nonpainful sensory stimulation revealed augmented responses in the insula/operculum, posterior cingulate, and medial prefrontal regions and reduced responses in the primary/secondary sensory cortices, basal ganglia, and cerebellum. Combined activity in the NPS, FM pain, and multisensory patterns classified patients vs controls with 92% sensitivity and 94% specificity in out-of-sample individuals. Enhanced NPS responses partly mediated mechanical hypersensitivity and correlated with depression and disability (Puncorrected < 0.05); FM-pain and multisensory responses correlated with clinical pain (Puncorrected < 0.05). The study provides initial characterization of individual patients with FM based on pathophysiological, symptom-related brain features. If replicated, these brain features may constitute objective neural targets for therapeutic interventions. The results establish a framework for assessing therapeutic mechanisms and predicting treatment response at the individual level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina López-Solà
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Colorado
- Institute of Cognitive Science, University of Colorado Boulder, Colorado, U.S.A
| | - Choong-Wan Woo
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Colorado
- Institute of Cognitive Science, University of Colorado Boulder, Colorado, U.S.A
| | - Jesus Pujol
- MRI Research Unit, Department of Radiology, Hospital del Mar, CIBERSAM G21, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Deus
- MRI Research Unit, Department of Radiology, Hospital del Mar, CIBERSAM G21, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ben J. Harrison
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jordi Monfort
- Rheumatology Department, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tor D. Wager
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Colorado
- Institute of Cognitive Science, University of Colorado Boulder, Colorado, U.S.A
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Choi W, Lim M, Kim J, Chung C. Habituation deficit of auditory N100m in patients with fibromyalgia. Eur J Pain 2016; 20:1634-1643. [DOI: 10.1002/ejp.883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- W. Choi
- Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience; Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences; Seoul Korea
| | - M. Lim
- Neuroscience Research Institute; Seoul National University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - J.S. Kim
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences; Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences; Seoul Korea
| | - C.K. Chung
- Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience; Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences; Seoul Korea
- Neuroscience Research Institute; Seoul National University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences; Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences; Seoul Korea
- Department of Neurosurgery; Seoul National University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
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Knott V, Impey D, Fisher D, Delpero E, Fedoroff P. Pedophilic brain potential responses to adult erotic stimuli. Brain Res 2015; 1632:127-40. [PMID: 26683083 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2015.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Revised: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive mechanisms associated with the relative lack of sexual interest in adults by pedophiles are poorly understood and may benefit from investigations examining how the brain processes adult erotic stimuli. The current study used event-related brain potentials (ERP) to investigate the time course of the explicit processing of erotic, emotional, and neutral pictures in 22 pedophilic patients and 22 healthy controls. Consistent with previous studies, early latency anterior ERP components were highly selective for erotic pictures. Although the ERPs elicited by emotional stimuli were similar in patients and controls, an early frontal positive (P2) component starting as early as 185 ms was significantly attenuated and slow to onset in pedophilia, and correlated with a clinical measure of cognitive distortions. Failure of rapid attentional capture by erotic stimuli suggests a relative reduction in early processing in pedophilic patients which may be associated with relatively diminished sexual interest in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verner Knott
- Clinical Neuroelectrophysiology and Cognitive Research Laboratory, University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa, ON, Canada; School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
| | - Danielle Impey
- Clinical Neuroelectrophysiology and Cognitive Research Laboratory, University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa, ON, Canada; School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Derek Fisher
- Department of Psychology, Mount Saint Vincent University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Emily Delpero
- Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Paul Fedoroff
- Forensic Research Unit, University of Ottawa, Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Tomasevic-Todorovic S, Boskovic K, Filipovic D, Milekic B, Grajic M, Hanna F. Auditory Event-Related P300 Potentials in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients. NEUROPHYSIOLOGY+ 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11062-015-9510-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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11
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López-Solà M, Pujol J, Wager TD, Garcia-Fontanals A, Blanco-Hinojo L, Garcia-Blanco S, Poca-Dias V, Harrison BJ, Contreras-Rodríguez O, Monfort J, Garcia-Fructuoso F, Deus J. Altered functional magnetic resonance imaging responses to nonpainful sensory stimulation in fibromyalgia patients. Arthritis Rheumatol 2015; 66:3200-9. [PMID: 25220783 DOI: 10.1002/art.38781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2013] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Fibromyalgia (FM) is a disorder characterized by chronic pain and enhanced responses to acute noxious events. However, the sensory systems affected in FM may extend beyond pain itself, as FM patients show reduced tolerance to non-nociceptive sensory stimulation. Characterizing the neural substrates of multisensory hypersensitivity in FM may thus provide important clues about the underlying pathophysiology of the disorder. The aim of this study was to characterize brain responses to non-nociceptive sensory stimulation in FM patients and their relationship to subjective sensory sensitivity and clinical pain severity. METHODS Functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to assess brain response to auditory, visual, and tactile motor stimulation in 35 women with FM and 25 matched controls. Correlation and mediation analyses were performed to establish the relationship between brain responses and 3 types of outcomes: subjective hypersensitivity to daily sensory stimulation, spontaneous pain, and functional disability. RESULTS Patients reported increased subjective sensitivity (increased unpleasantness) in response to multisensory stimulation in daily life. Functional MRI revealed that patients showed reduced task-evoked activation in primary/secondary visual and auditory areas and augmented responses in the insula and anterior lingual gyrus. Reduced responses in visual and auditory areas were correlated with subjective sensory hypersensitivity and clinical severity measures. CONCLUSION FM patients showed strong attenuation of brain responses to nonpainful events in early sensory cortices, accompanied by an amplified response at later stages of sensory integration in the insula. These abnormalities are associated with core FM symptoms, suggesting that they may be part of the pathophysiology of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina López-Solà
- University of Colorado Boulder, and Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
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Carrillo-de-la-Peña M, Triñanes Y, González-Villar A, Gómez-Perretta C, García-Larrea L. Filtering out repetitive auditory stimuli in fibromyalgia: A study of P50 sensory gating. Eur J Pain 2014; 19:576-84. [DOI: 10.1002/ejp.627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M.T. Carrillo-de-la-Peña
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology; University of Santiago de Compostela; Spain
| | - Y. Triñanes
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology; University of Santiago de Compostela; Spain
| | - A. González-Villar
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology; University of Santiago de Compostela; Spain
| | | | - L. García-Larrea
- Central Integration of Pain Unit; U879 INSERM and University Claude Bernard Lyon 1; Neurological Hospital; Lyon France
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Choi W, Lim M, Kim JS, Kim DJ, Chung CK. Impaired pre-attentive auditory processing in fibromyalgia: A mismatch negativity (MMN) study. Clin Neurophysiol 2014; 126:1310-8. [PMID: 25453609 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2014.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Revised: 09/20/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Fibromyalgia (FM) patients often show deficits in cognitive functions such as attention and working memory. We assumed that pre-attentive information processing, a crucial element in human perception and cognition, would be altered in FM patients. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine whether FM patients exhibit alterations in pre-attentive processing as assessed by auditory mismatch negativity (MMN). METHODS Auditory evoked magnetic fields were recorded in FM patients (n=18) and healthy control subjects (n=21) during a duration-deviant auditory oddball paradigm. The magnetic mismatch negativity (MMNm) was obtained by subtracting responses to standard tones from responses to deviant tones. Pressure pain thresholds over the thenar and trapezius muscles were determined using an algometer. RESULTS MMNm peak amplitudes in right hemispheres were attenuated, and the directional asymmetry coefficient of the MMNm amplitude was lower in FM patients, indicating a more leftward asymmetry than in healthy control subjects. Smaller right MMNm amplitude was associated with lower pressure pain thresholds of thenar muscles in FM patients. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggested that pre-attentive processing of auditory information is impaired in FM patients. SIGNIFICANCE This study provided neurophysiological evidence of impaired pre-attentive sensory change detection in FM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woojin Choi
- Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea; MEG Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Manyoel Lim
- MEG Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Neuroscience Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - June Sic Kim
- MEG Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dajung J Kim
- MEG Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chun Kee Chung
- Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea; MEG Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Neuroscience Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Abdel-Kader AA, Kamel NS, EI-Ganzouri AM, Al-Zifzaf DS, Kamal NM, Omar AN. Auditory-evoked potentials as a tool for follow-up of fibromyalgia. EGYPTIAN RHEUMATOLOGY AND REHABILITATION 2013. [DOI: 10.4103/1110-161x.123810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Yao S, Liu X, Yang W, Wang X. Preattentive Processing Abnormalities in Chronic Pain: Neurophysiological Evidence from Mismatch Negativity. PAIN MEDICINE 2011; 12:773-81. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1526-4637.2011.01097.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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The Effect of Pain on Stroop Performance in Patients With Opiate Dependence in Sustained Remission. J Addict Med 2011; 5:50-6. [DOI: 10.1097/adm.0b013e3181d77c07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Neurofeedback intervention in fibromyalgia syndrome; a randomized, controlled, rater blind clinical trial. Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback 2011; 35:293-302. [PMID: 20614235 DOI: 10.1007/s10484-010-9135-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
We designed a randomized, rater blind study to assess the efficacy of EEG Biofeedback (Neurofeedback-NFB) in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS). Eighteen patients received twenty sessions of NFB-sensory motor rhythm (SMR) treatment (NFB group) during 4 weeks, and eighteen patients were given 10 mg per day escitalopram treatment (control group) for 8 weeks. Visual Analog Scales for pain and fatigue, Hamilton and Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventory Scales, Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire and Short Form 36 were used as outcome measures which were applied at baseline and 2nd, 4th, 8th, 16th, 24th weeks. Mean amplitudes of EEG rhythms (delta, theta, alpha, SMR, beta1 and beta2) and theta/SMR ratio were also measured in NFB group. All post-treatment measurements showed significant improvements in both of the groups (for all parameters p < 0.05). NFB group displayed greater benefits than controls (for all parameters p < 0.05). Therapeutic efficacy of NFB was found to begin at 2nd week and reached to a maximum effect at 4th week. On the other hand, the improvements in SSRI treatment were also detected to begin at 2nd week but reached to a maximum effect at 8th week. No statistically significant changes were noted regarding mean amplitudes of EEG rhythms (p > 0.05 for all). However, theta/SMR ratio showed a significant decrease at 4th week compared to baseline in the NFB group (p < 0.05). These data support the efficacy of NFB as a treatment for pain, psychological symptoms and impaired quality of life associated with fibromyalgia.
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Cordero MD, de Miguel M, Moreno-Fernández AM. [Mitochondrial dysfunction in fibromyalgia and its implication in the pathogenesis of disease]. Med Clin (Barc) 2010; 136:252-6. [PMID: 20417529 DOI: 10.1016/j.medcli.2010.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2009] [Revised: 01/26/2010] [Accepted: 01/28/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic pain syndrome with unknown etiology. Recent studies have shown evidence demonstrating that oxidative stress may have a role in the pathophysiology of FM, however it is still not clear whether oxidative stress is the cause or the effect of the abnormalities documented in FM. Furthermore, it is also controversial the role of mitochondria in the pathophysiology of FM, however signs associated with mitochondrial dysfunction have been observed in FM. Mitochondria are also known to be strong producers of ROS, so have been related with the pathogenic mechanism of numerous diseases including FM. To this respect, it has been observed antioxidants therapies might be beneficial to improve the mitochondrial performance. Therefore, the dysfunction mitochondrial opens a great field of therapeutic research, for what it should start considering in the clinical medicine the boarding of the FM by means of therapy with antioxidant and drugs related to the mitochondrial biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario David Cordero
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC y Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto Carlos III, Sevilla, España
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Veltmeyer MD, Clark CR, McFarlane AC, Moores KA, Bryant RA, Gordon E. Working memory function in post-traumatic stress disorder: An event-related potential study. Clin Neurophysiol 2009; 120:1096-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2009.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2007] [Revised: 03/02/2009] [Accepted: 03/24/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Dadabhoy D, Crofford LJ, Spaeth M, Russell IJ, Clauw DJ. Biology and therapy of fibromyalgia. Evidence-based biomarkers for fibromyalgia syndrome. Arthritis Res Ther 2008; 10:211. [PMID: 18768089 PMCID: PMC2575617 DOI: 10.1186/ar2443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Researchers studying fibromyalgia strive to identify objective, measurable biomarkers that may identify susceptible individuals, may facilitate diagnosis, or that parallel activity of the disease. Candidate objective measures range from sophisticated functional neuroimaging to office-ready measures of the pressure pain threshold. A systematic literature review was completed to assess highly investigated, objective measures used in fibromyalgia studies. To date, only experimental pain testing has been shown to coincide with improvements in clinical status in a longitudinal study. Concerted efforts to systematically evaluate additional objective measures in research trials will be vital for ongoing progress in outcome research and translation into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Dadabhoy
- Northwest Rheumatology Specialists, Elk Grove Village, IL 60007, USA
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21
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Geisser ME, Strader Donnell C, Petzke F, Gracely RH, Clauw DJ, Williams DA. Comorbid Somatic Symptoms and Functional Status in Patients With Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Sensory Amplification as a Common Mechanism. PSYCHOSOMATICS 2008; 49:235-42. [DOI: 10.1176/appi.psy.49.3.235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Geisser ME, Glass JM, Rajcevska LD, Clauw DJ, Williams DA, Kileny PR, Gracely RH. A psychophysical study of auditory and pressure sensitivity in patients with fibromyalgia and healthy controls. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2008; 9:417-22. [PMID: 18280211 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2007.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2007] [Revised: 12/10/2007] [Accepted: 12/18/2007] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Fibromyalgia (FM) is characterized by widespread tenderness. Studies have also reported that persons with FM are sensitive to other stimuli, such as auditory tones. We hypothesized that subjects with FM would display greater sensitivity to both pressure and auditory tones and report greater sensitivity to sounds encountered in daily activities. FM subjects (n = 30) and healthy control subjects (n = 28) were administered auditory tones and pressure using the same psychophysical methods to deliver the stimuli and a common way of scaling responses. Subjects were also administered a self-report questionnaire regarding sensitivity to everyday sounds. Participants with FM displayed significantly greater sensitivity to all levels of auditory stimulation (Ps < .05). The magnitude of difference between FM patients' lowered auditory sensitivity (relative to control subjects) was similar to that seen with pressure, and pressure and auditory ratings were significantly correlated in both control subjects and subjects with FM. FM patients also were more sensitive to everyday sounds (t = 8.65, P < .001). These findings support that FM is associated with a global central nervous system augmentation in sensory processing. Further research is needed to examine the neural substrates associated with this abnormality and its role in the etiology and maintenance of FM. PERSPECTIVE Muscle tenderness is the hallmark of FM, but the findings of this study and others suggest that persons with FM display sensitivity to a number of sensory stimuli. These findings suggest that FM is associated with a global central nervous system augmentation of sensory information. These findings may also help to explain why persons with FM display a number of comorbid physical symptoms other than pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael E Geisser
- Chronic Pain and Fatigue Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48108, USA.
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Sapir S, Pud D. Does experimental pain affect auditory processing of speech-relevant signals? A study in healthy young adults. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2008; 19:281-299. [PMID: 19025037 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp.2008.19.3-4.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
AIM To assess the effect of tonic pain stimulation on auditory processing of speech-relevant acoustic signals in healthy pain-free volunteers. METHODS Sixty university students, randomly assigned to either a thermal pain stimulation (46 degrees C/6 min) group (PS) or no pain stimulation group (NPS), performed a rate change detection task (RCDT) involving sinusoidally frequency-modulated vowel-like signals. Task difficulty was manipulated by changing the rate of the modulated signals (henceforth rate). Perceived pain intensity was evaluated using a visual analog scale (VAS) (0-100). RESULTS Mean pain rating was approximately 33 in the PS group and approximately 3 in the NPS group. Pain stimulation was associated with poorer performance on the RCDT, but this trend was not statistically significant. Performance worsened with increasing rate of signal modulation in both groups (p < 0.0001), with no pain by rate interaction. CONCLUSIONS The present findings indicate a trend whereby mild or moderate pain appears to affect auditory processing of speech-relevant acoustic signals. This trend, however, was not statistically significant. It is possible that more intense pain would yield more pronounced (deleterious) effects on auditory processing, but this needs to be verified empirically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimon Sapir
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Israel.
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Glass JM. Cognitive dysfunction in fibromyalgia and chronic fatigue syndrome: New trends and future directions. Curr Rheumatol Rep 2006; 8:425-9. [PMID: 17092441 DOI: 10.1007/s11926-006-0036-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Fibromyalgia (FM) and chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) patients often have memory and cognitive complaints. Objective cognitive testing demonstrates long-term and working memory impairments. In addition, CFS patients have slow information-processing, and FM patients have impaired control of attention, perhaps due to chronic pain. Neuroimaging studies demonstrate cerebral abnormalities and a pattern of increased neural recruitment during cognitive tasks. Future work should focus on the specific neurocognitive systems involved in cognitive dysfunction in each syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M Glass
- University of Michigan, Institute for Social Research and Department of Psychiatry, 426 Thompson Street, Room 5256, Ann Arbor, MI 48106-1248, USA.
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Carrillo-de-la-Peña MT, Vallet M, Pérez MI, Gómez-Perretta C. Intensity dependence of auditory-evoked cortical potentials in fibromyalgia patients: a test of the generalized hypervigilance hypothesis. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2006; 7:480-7. [PMID: 16814687 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2006.01.452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2005] [Revised: 12/23/2005] [Accepted: 01/26/2006] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED On the basis of recent evidence concerning the amplification of incoming stimulation in fibromyalgia (FM) patients, it has been proposed that a generalized hypervigilance of painful and nonpainful sensations may be at the root of this disorder. So far, research into this issue has been inconclusive, possibly owing to the lack of agreement as to the operational definition of "generalized hypervigilance" and to the lack of robust objective measures characterizing the sensory style of FM patients. In this study, we recorded auditory-evoked potentials (AEPs) elicited by tones of increasing intensity (60, 70, 80, 90, and 105 dB) in 27 female FM patients and 25 healthy controls. Fibromyalgia patients presented shorter N1 and P2 latencies and a stronger intensity dependence of their AEPs. Both results suggest that FM patients may be hypervigilant to sensory stimuli, especially when very loud tones are used. The most noteworthy difference between patients and control subjects is at the highest stimulus intensity, for which far more patients maintained increased N1-P2 amplitudes in relation to the 90-dB tones. The larger AEP amplitudes to the 105-dB tones suggest that defects in an inhibitory system protecting against overstimulation may be a crucial factor in the pathophysiology of FM. Because a stronger loudness dependence of AEPs has been related to weak serotonergic transmission, it is hypothesized that for many FM patients deficient inhibition of the response to noxious and intense auditory stimuli may be due to a serotonergic deficit. PERSPECTIVE The study of auditory-evoked potentials in response to tones of increasing intensity in FM patients may help to clarify the pathophysiology of this disorder, especially regarding the role of inhibition deficits involving serotonergic dysfunction, and may be a useful tool to guide the pharmacologic treatment of FM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Carrillo-de-la-Peña
- Departamento de Psicología Clínica y Psicobiología, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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26
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Montoya P, Sitges C, García-Herrera M, Izquierdo R, Truyols M, Collado D. [Considerations on alterations in brain activity in patients with fibromyalgia]. REUMATOLOGIA CLINICA 2006; 2:251-260. [PMID: 21794338 DOI: 10.1016/s1699-258x(06)73056-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2005] [Accepted: 10/18/2005] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Fibromyalgia is a chronic musculoskeletal pain disorder of unknown etiology, characterized by widespread pain. Clinical and experimental research has demonstrated that patients with fibromyalgia may have enhanced pain sensitivity at several points of the body, together with neuroendocrine abnormalities, and abnormal activation of pain-related brain regions. Recent data have also shown that affective and cognitive processing of pain-related information could also be disturbed in fibromyalgia. In our opinion, all these findings suggest the existence of abnormal central pain processing, which could be responsible for the persistence of chronic pain in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Montoya
- Departamento de Psicología e Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud (IUNICS). Universitat de les Illes Balears. Palma de Mallorca. España
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Ozgocmen S, Yoldas T, Yigiter R, Kaya A, Ardicoglu O. R-R Interval Variation and Sympathetic Skin Response in Fibromyalgia. Arch Med Res 2006; 37:630-4. [PMID: 16740434 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2005.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2005] [Accepted: 11/23/2005] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study proposed to assess the autonomic nervous system (ANS) functions in fibromyalgia (FM) by using two electrophysiological tests, sympathetic skin response (SSR) and the heart rate variability named R-R interval variation (RRIV). METHODS Sympathetic skin response and RRIV were studied in 29 female patients with FM and 22 healthy age-matched female controls. R-R interval variation at rest (R%), during deep breathing (D%), the difference between D% and R% (D-R) and the ratio of D-R% (D/R) were determined. Pain threshold was measured using a mechanical algometer. RESULTS R-R interval variation at rest (R%) and D/R did not show significant difference between patients and controls, whereas D% and D-R were significantly lower in patients compared to controls. SSR latencies of patients' hands and feet had no significant difference compared to controls' hand and feet SSR latencies. SSR latencies of patients' hands correlated significantly with control point score, total myalgic score, Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. Sympathetic skin response latencies of patients' feet correlated only with HARS. CONCLUSIONS Analysis of heart rate variability may be useful and complementary to clinical examination in patients with symptoms of dysfunction in cardiovascular reflex pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salih Ozgocmen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Elazig, Turkey.
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28
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Veldhuijzen DS, Kenemans JL, van Wijck AJM, Olivier B, Kalkman CJ, Volkerts ER. Processing capacity in chronic pain patients: a visual event-related potentials study. Pain 2006; 121:60-8. [PMID: 16480825 DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2005.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2005] [Revised: 11/23/2005] [Accepted: 12/05/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Chronic pain may impair performance on attentional processing capacity tasks. In the present study, event-related potentials were recorded to examine whether pain patients show performance decrements on attentional processing capacity tasks due to shared resources by pain and attention or, alternatively, due to deficits in allocating attentional resources during pain. Fourteen chronic pain patients and thirty age and education matched healthy controls were investigated. An attentional capacity probe task was used in which the difficulty level was manipulated, resulting in an easy and a difficult condition, while task-irrelevant visual probes were presented. These probe-elicited P3 amplitudes were assumed to provide the most pure estimate of processing capacity since they are relatively free from target-related processes. Event-related potentials were recorded from the midline electrodes Fz, Cz, Pz, and Oz. For the behavioral measures, it was found that pain patients maintained a different speed-accuracy tradeoff. Pain patients showed faster reaction time responses and higher error rates compared to controls. No significant differences were found between pain patients and controls on the primary task. Pain patients differed from controls with respect to amplitudes elicited by task-irrelevant probe stimuli. For healthy controls, the expected decreased amplitude was found for probe stimuli in the difficult compared to the easy task. In contrast, the pain patients did not show decreased probe amplitudes with increasing task load. The data may imply that allocation of attentional resources is deficient in pain patients, instead of attentional capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Veldhuijzen
- Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Psychopharmacology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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29
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Ozgocmen S, Ozyurt H, Sogut S, Akyol O. Current concepts in the pathophysiology of fibromyalgia: the potential role of oxidative stress and nitric oxide. Rheumatol Int 2005; 26:585-97. [PMID: 16328420 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-005-0078-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2005] [Accepted: 09/30/2005] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Fibromyalgia (FM) is a common chronic pain syndrome with an unknown etiology. Recent years added new information to our understanding of FM pathophysiology. Researches on genetics, biogenic amines, neurotransmitters, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis hormones, oxidative stress, and mechanisms of pain modulation, central sensitization, and autonomic functions in FM revealed various abnormalities indicating that multiple factors and mechanisms are involved in the pathogenesis of FM. Oxidative stress and nitric oxide may play an important role in FM pathophysiology, however it is still not clear whether oxidative stress abnormalities documented in FM are the cause or the effect. This should encourage further researches evaluating the potential role of oxidative stress and nitric oxide in the pathophysiology of FM and the efficacy of antioxidant treatments (omega-3 and -6 fatty acids, vitamins and others) in double blind and placebo controlled trials. These future researches will enhance our understanding of the complex pathophysiology of this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salih Ozgocmen
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, 23119 Elazig, Turkey.
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30
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Ozgocmen S, Ozyurt H, Sogut S, Akyol O, Ardicoglu O, Yildizhan H. Antioxidant status, lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide in fibromyalgia: etiologic and therapeutic concerns. Rheumatol Int 2005; 26:598-603. [PMID: 16283318 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-005-0079-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2005] [Accepted: 09/30/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
We proposed to assess the oxidant/antioxidant status, lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide (NO) in untreated fibromyalgia (FM) patients and controls. The effect of amitriptyline (A, 20 mg daily) and sertraline (S, 100 mg daily) treatment on patients' superoxide dismutase (SOD), xanthine oxidase (XO), adenosine deaminase (ADA) enzyme activities, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and NO levels was investigated. Thirty female patients with primary FM and age-matched 16 healthy female controls were included. Patients received an 8-week course of treatment with either A or S. FM patients had higher serum levels of TBARS (particularly malondialdehyde) and lower levels of nitrite compared to controls whereas enzyme activities were similar. A and S significantly improved Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ) pain scores, Hamilton anxiety and depression rating scales. But neither A nor S had significant effects on measured oxidative stress parameters, except SOD activity that was significantly reduced after S treatment. Total myalgic scores negatively correlated with XO activity, and depression scales negatively correlated with levels of TBARS. Our results indicate that patients with FM are under oxidative stress. These findings represent a rationale for further research assessing the effect of free radical scavengers or antioxidant agents like vitamins and omega-3 fatty acids on peripheral and central mechanisms in FM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salih Ozgocmen
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, 23119 Elazig, Turkey.
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31
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Ozkaya GY, Aydin H, Toraman FN, Kizilay F, Ozdemir O, Cetinkaya V. Effect of strength and endurance training on cognition in older people. J Sports Sci Med 2005; 4:300-313. [PMID: 24453535 PMCID: PMC3887334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2005] [Accepted: 07/18/2005] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of moderate strength and endurance training on cognition evaluated by event-related potentials (ERP) in older people. Thirty-six adults, aged 60-85 years, were randomly divided into three groups: sedentary control (C), strength training (ST), and endurance training (ET). Participants performed functional fitness tests and ERP data were recorded before and after nine weeks of training. Training involved three sessions per week. Functional fitness test performance improved significantly in the ST and ET groups. The latencies of the N1, N2, and P2 components and the amplitudes of the N1P2, P2N2, and N2P3 components differed significantly between groups (p < 0.05). After training, the latencies of the P2 and N2 components at the Fz and Cz sites, decreased significantly, and the amplitudes of the N1P2, P2N2, and N2P3 components at the Fz site and the N1P2 and N2P3 components at the Cz site, increased significantly in the ST group compared with the ET group. After training, the latencies of N1, N2, and P2 components shortened significantly, and the amplitudes of the N1P2, P2N2, and N2P3 components increased significantly in the ST group compared with the C group. The latencies of the N2 and P2 components shortened significantly in the ET group compared with the C group, although the amplitudes of the ERP recordings did not differ significantly between groups. These data suggest that strength training might facilitate early sensory processing and cognitive functioning in older individuals. Key PointsStrength training may have facilitating effects on early information processing and cognition in older people.It is interesting that only small improvements in functional fitness affected cognitive performance.More research is needed to determine how the different exercise regimens contribute to discrete changes in CNS functioning and how such changes affect the P3 component of the ERP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gül Y Ozkaya
- School of Physical Education and Sports, Akdeniz University , Antalya, Turkey
| | - Hülya Aydin
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Akdeniz University , Antalya, Turkey
| | - Füsun N Toraman
- School of Physical Education and Sports, Akdeniz University , Antalya, Turkey
| | - Ferah Kizilay
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Akdeniz University , Antalya, Turkey
| | - Ozgür Ozdemir
- School of Physical Education and Sports, Akdeniz University , Antalya, Turkey
| | - Vedat Cetinkaya
- School of Physical Education and Sports, Akdeniz University , Antalya, Turkey
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Seminowicz DA, Mikulis DJ, Davis KD. Cognitive modulation of pain-related brain responses depends on behavioral strategy. Pain 2004; 112:48-58. [PMID: 15494184 DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2004.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2004] [Revised: 07/06/2004] [Accepted: 07/26/2004] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Interactions of pain and cognition have been studied in humans and animals previously, but the relationship between such behavioral interactions and brain activity is unknown. We aimed to show using functional MRI (fMRI) how a cognitively demanding task (Stroop) modulates pain-related brain activations and conversely, how pain modulates attention-related activity. Reaction time data indicated two types of pain responders: subjects in the A group had a faster Stroop reaction time when pain was concomitant to the attention task, while those in the P group had a slower Stroop performance during painful stimulation. fMRI data obtained during Stroop performance with and without noxious stimulation were subjected to region of interest analyses. We first tested whether brain activity during painful median nerve stimulation was modulated by cognitive load. We next tested whether brain activity during the high conflict cognitive task was modulated by pain. Pain-related activity in three regions, primary (S1), and secondary (S2) somatosensory cortices, and anterior insula, was attenuated by cognitive engagement, but this effect was specific to the A group. Pain-related activations in the caudal and rostral anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and ventroposterior thalamus were not modulated by cognitive load. None of the areas showing attention-related responses, including bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal and posterior parietal cortices, were modulated by pain. These findings suggest that cortical regions associated with pain can be modulated by cognitive strategies. Furthermore, the distinction of behavioral subgroups may relate to cognitive coping strategies taken by patients with chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Seminowicz
- Toronto Western Research Institute, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, MP14-306, 399 Bathurst Street, Toronto, Ont., Canada M5T 2S8
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Karl A, Diers M, Flor H. P300-amplitudes in upper limb amputees with and without phantom limb pain in a visual oddball paradigm. Pain 2004; 110:40-8. [PMID: 15275750 DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2004.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2003] [Revised: 02/11/2004] [Accepted: 03/01/2004] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate to what extent cortical hyper-reactivity to visual stimuli is present in upper limb amputees. Five amputees with phantom limb pain (PLP), five amputees without PLP (Non-PLP) and 10 healthy controls (HC) were investigated using a visual oddball paradigm. Two hundred visual stimuli were presented with target stimuli occurring at a probability of 25% and standard stimuli at a probability of 75%. Event-related potentials were recorded from nine scalp positions (F3, F4, Fz, C3, C4, Cz, P3, P4, Pz). The PLP-patients had significantly higher P300-amplitudes to both types of stimuli compared to the non-PLP-patients. The HC were not significantly different from both amputee groups. P300-amplitude to targets at frontal sites in the hemisphere contralateral to the amputation was higher in the PLP patients. P300-latencies to target stimuli differed only at frontal sites with PLP-patients showing significantly longer latencies than non-PLP-patients. To standard stimuli, however, they showed significantly shorter latencies at central and parietal scalp positions. The HC had significantly shorter latencies than both amputee groups. The size of the P300-amplitude was positively correlated with the intensity of PLP. These findings suggest a higher magnitude of non-specific cortical excitability in amputees with PLP and a reduced excitability in amputees without PLP. This extends previous findings of differences in cortical excitability in PLP and non-PLP patients in the sensorimotor domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anke Karl
- Biopsychology, University of Technology Dresden, Zellescher Weg 17, D-01062 Dresden, Germany.
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Alanoğlu E, Ulaş UH, Ozdağ F, Odabaşi Z, Cakçi A, Vural O. Auditory event-related brain potentials in fibromyalgia syndrome. Rheumatol Int 2004; 25:345-9. [PMID: 14986061 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-004-0443-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2003] [Accepted: 12/31/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate cognitive functions using auditory event-related brain potentials (ERP) in fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS). METHODS The P300 component of ERP was studied in 36 female FMS patients and 22 control subjects. The short form 36 (SF-36) medical outcome study was used to determine quality of life. Number of tender points and disease duration were noted. Cognitive functions were evaluated with P300. RESULTS The symptoms were discrepant in FMS (P<0.001). The scores of the eight SF-36 subgroups in FMS patients were significantly lower than in the control group (P<0.001). Fibromyalgia syndrome patients had prolonged latency and reduced amplitude of P300 (P<0.001). No correlation was found between the subgroups of SF-36, tender point count, disease duration, and P300. CONCLUSION The results of our study reveal that FMS affects quality of life and dysfunction in cognitive abilities can be determined by brain event-related potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ece Alanoğlu
- Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Department, Social Security Hospital of Ankara, Dişkapi, Ankara, Turkey.
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