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Liao ET, Lin HY, Tsai CY. Updated retinoblastoma incidence and outcome in children in Taiwan from 1980 to 2019: a 40-year nationwide study. Eye (Lond) 2024; 38:1535-1541. [PMID: 38307989 PMCID: PMC11126655 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-024-02946-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Retinoblastoma is a potentially fatal disease, and its incidence and mortality varies among different countries and periods. METHODS This is a nationwide population-based retrospective study from January 1980 to December 2019 in Taiwan. Patients diagnosed as retinoblastoma were identified from the Taiwan National Cancer Registry. To update the literature on retinoblastoma incidence, mortality and trends in Taiwan, we analysed changes in incidence and survival rates over time according to sex, diagnostic age, laterality and treatment. RESULTS During 1980-2019, the incidence of retinoblastoma in Taiwan was 1 per 16 489 live births (95% CI: 13 415-19 564). The diagnostic age decreased from 2.21 ± 0.26 during 1980-1984 to 1.24 ± 0.26 during 1985-2019. Compared with that observed during 1980-1989, the incidence rate observed after 1990 increased significantly in children aged <10 years (RR: 1.62-2.40, P = 0.0049 to < 0.0001). From 1980 to 2019, the incidence rate for the 0-4-year age group increased and that for the 5-9-year age group remained constant. The mean diagnostic age for bilateral retinoblastoma (0.36 ± 0.47 years) was significantly less than that for unilateral retinoblastoma (1.37 ± 0.35 years) during 2007-2019 (P < 0.0001). The 10-year survival rate was highest in the enucleation group (89.8%) compared with radiotherapy (52.2%) and others (70.0%; P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS During 1980-2019 in Taiwan, the incidence of retinoblastoma increased significantly, and the diagnostic age decreased, which are similar to the ones from other developed countries. However, the survival rate was still lower than that of most developed countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- En-Tai Liao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shin Kong Wu Ho Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Yun Lin
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ying Tsai
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
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Lin HY, Ho CH, Lin YS, Kuo SC, Chen YC, Cheng YJ. Retinoblastoma Incidence in Taiwan Over a Recent 20-Year Period: A Comprehensive Nationwide Study. Int J Gen Med 2024; 17:909-917. [PMID: 38476628 PMCID: PMC10929645 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s452277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Continuous advancements in medical diagnostic technology and the growing availability of resources suggest a potential for fluctuations in the incidence rate of retinoblastoma (Rb). This study aimed to analyze incidence data of Rb patients in Taiwan from 1999 to 2018, utilizing the nationwide Taiwan Cancer Registry (TCR) database. Additionally, we investigated the treatment modalities used for these Rb patients and compared them with those observed in other countries. Patients and Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study utilizing data from the TCR database. The study cohort comprised individuals who were newly diagnosed with Rb between 1999 and 2018. The incidence of Rb was calculated as the number of patients with Rb per million live births, both for the entire population and for different gender groups and time periods. The trends in Rb incidence from 1999 to 2018 across various age groups and sexes were presented with the linear trend test. Results From 1999 to 2018, a total of 248 cases of Rb were identified. The overall incidence rate over this 20-year period was 60.20 cases per million live births, corresponding to 1 case per 16,611 live births. Incidence rates for each 5-year period between 1999 and 2018 exhibited no significant differences. The study cohort was predominantly male, with 134 cases (54.03%) being males and 114 cases (45.97%) being females, resulting in an overall male-to-female sex ratio of 1.18. Females had lower relative risk than males (RR: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.72-1.19). Primary surgical intervention was the preferred treatment modality for over 75% of the cases. Conclusion This retrospective epidemiology study, using TCR from 1999 to 2018, indicated that no discernible trend of retinoblastoma incidence in Taiwan. Nevertheless, continuous monitoring of incidence rates and exploration of treatment strategies for retinoblastoma within the Taiwanese population are important to address potential changes in developing medical practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Ying Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Han Ho
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Information Management, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Shiuan Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chun Kuo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Optometry, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chen Chen
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Jen Cheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Atima MO, Idakwo U, Komolafe O, Eisuke S, Shintaro N, Balogun EO, Dingwoke EJ, Orugun AJ, Ukumobe KO, Pam JD, Aladiuba A. Presentation pattern and survival rate of retinoblastoma following chemotherapy: a prospective study. BMC Pediatr 2023; 23:538. [PMID: 37891551 PMCID: PMC10612210 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-023-04347-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study presents the clinical pattern of presentation and survival rate of retinoblastoma, which is the most prevalent form of pediatric intraocular cancer. The aim of this study is to provide baseline information about the clinical presentation and management of retinoblastoma at ECWA Eye Hospital. Additionally, the study identifies priority areas for enhancing medical care for children diagnosed with this cancer. ECWA Eye Hospital, situated in Kano State, Nigeria, is a specialized eye center located in the North-Western region of the country. METHODS A prospective study spanning five years was conducted at ECWA Eye Hospital to investigate clinically diagnosed cases of retinoblastoma. The study took place from January 2018 to December 2022. The patients received standardized pre-medication and chemotherapy protocols for retinoblastoma. Subsequently, a five-year follow-up was conducted to monitor the patients' progress. The collected data was analyzed, descriptive statistics were generated, and the survival rate was calculated. RESULTS During the five-year study period, a total of 35 cases of retinoblastoma were diagnosed. The patients had an average age of 3.21 ± 1.32 years. The most common presentation patterns observed were fungating ocular mass and proptosis. Among the cases, there were 10 instances of bilateral proptosis and 25 instances of unilateral proptosis. While no patients exhibited bilateral leukocoria, eight cases of unilateral leukocoria with anterior segment seedlings were identified. The additional patterns of presentation are proptosis, leukocoria, fungating orbital mass, redness and loss of vision. The mortality rate was 80% (28 cases), while the survival rate was 20% (7 cases). Notably, all the survivors had unilateral retinoblastoma. CONCLUSION The majority of cases observed at ECWA Eye Hospital involve advanced retinoblastoma. In low-resource settings where alternative treatment options are limited, chemotherapy is considered a viable treatment option. Early presentation of retinoblastoma in patients may lead to a higher survival rate when chemotherapy is administered.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Shimizu Eisuke
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nakayama Shintaro
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Emmanuel Oluwadare Balogun
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria
| | - Emeka John Dingwoke
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria
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Abolhosseini M, Khorrami Z, Safi S, Akbari ME, Moshtaghion SM, Mohammadi SF, Kanavi MR, Karimi S. A joinpoint and age-period-cohort analysis of ocular cancer secular trends in Iran from 2004 to 2016. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1074. [PMID: 36658192 PMCID: PMC9852578 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26349-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Investigating secular trends of ocular cancer registration in Iran. After acquiring Iranian national population-based cancer registry data, trends of age-standardised incidence rates (ASIR) of ocular cancers and annual percent changes (APC) between 2004 and 2016 were analysed in age groups, gender, topography and morphology types with joinpoint regression analysis. Age, period, and cohort effects on incidence rates were estimated by age-period-cohort model. Geographic distribution of ASIR was assessed using GIS. Overall ASIR of ocular cancers was 16.04/100,000 (95% CI 15.77-16.32). Joinpoint regression analysis showed a significant increase of ASIR between 2004 and 2009 for males (APC = 5.5, 95% CI 0.9-10.2), ages over 50 years (APC = 5.2, 1.2-9.4), skin/canthus/adnexal cancers (APC = 4.2, 0.8-7.7), and carcinomas/adenocarcinomas (APC = 4.3, 0.6-8.1); however, between 2009 and 2016 a declining trend was observed in all investigated variables. ASIR of retinoblastoma was significantly increased (averaged APC = 20.7, 9-33.7) between 2004 and 2016. age-period-cohort analyses showed that incidence rates of ocular cancers significantly increased with aging, time periods, and birth cohort effects (p < 0.001). ASIR varied from 6.7/100,000 to 21.7/100,000 in Iran. Excepting retinoblastoma, all ocular cancer incidence trends were downward over a 13-year period; however, it was increasing between 2004 and 2009 cancer. ASIR was significant aging in Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Abolhosseini
- Ophthalmic Epidemiology Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No. 23, Paidarfard St., Pasdaran Ave., Tehran, Iran.,Ocular Tissue Engineering Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No 23, Paydar fard st, Pasdaran ave, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Khorrami
- Ophthalmic Epidemiology Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No. 23, Paidarfard St., Pasdaran Ave., Tehran, Iran
| | - Sare Safi
- Ophthalmic Epidemiology Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No. 23, Paidarfard St., Pasdaran Ave., Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Seyed Mohamadmehdi Moshtaghion
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No 23, Paydar fard st, Pasdaran ave, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Farzad Mohammadi
- Translational Ophthalmology Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mozhgan Rezaei Kanavi
- Ocular Tissue Engineering Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No 23, Paydar fard st, Pasdaran ave, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Saeed Karimi
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No 23, Paydar fard st, Pasdaran ave, Tehran, Iran.
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Clinical presentation and outcomes in children with retinoblastoma managed at the Uganda Cancer Institute. J Cancer Epidemiol 2022; 2022:8817215. [PMID: 35308301 PMCID: PMC8924608 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8817215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The majority of patients with retinoblastoma, the most common intraocular cancer of childhood, are found in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs), with leukocoria being the most common initial presenting sign and indication for referral. Findings from the current study serve to augment earlier findings on the clinical presentation and outcomes of children with retinoblastoma in Uganda. Methods This was a retrospective study in which we reviewed records of children admitted with a diagnosis of retinoblastoma at the Uganda Cancer Institute from January 2009 to February 2020. From the electronic database, using admission numbers, files were retrieved. Patient information was recorded in a data extraction tool. Results A total of 90 retinoblastoma patients were studied, with a mean age at the first Uganda Cancer Institute (UCI) presentation of 36.7 months. There were more males (57.8%) than females, with a male to female ratio of 1.37 : 1. The majority (54.4%) had retinoblastoma treatment prior to UCI admission. The most common presenting symptoms were leukocoria (85.6%), eye reddening (64.4%), and eye swelling (63.3%). At 3 years of follow-up after index admission at UCI, 36.7% of the patients had died, 41.1% were alive, and 22.2% had been lost to follow-up. The median 3-year survival for children with retinoblastoma in our study was 2.18 years. Significant predictors of survival in the multivariate analysis were follow-up duration (P¯<0.001), features of metastatic spread (P = 0.001), history of eye swelling (P = 0.012), and bilateral enucleation (P = 0.011). Conclusions The majority of children who presented to the Uganda Cancer Institute were referred with advanced retinoblastoma, and there was a high mortality rate. Retinoblastoma management requires a multidisciplinary team that should include paediatric ophthalmologists, paediatric oncologists, ocular oncologists, radiation oncologists, and nurses.
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Barbosa AC, de Magalhães-Barbosa MC, Moreira JPDL, Colombini GNUI, Prata-Barbosa A. Incidence of retinoblastoma in children and adolescents in Brazil: A population-based study. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:1048792. [PMID: 36507141 PMCID: PMC9727227 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.1048792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the incidence of retinoblastoma in children and adolescents in Brazil based on Population-Based Cancer Registry (PBCR), describing temporal trends and some quality indicators of this registry. METHODS Based on secondary data from the PBCR of the National Institute of Cancer (INCA) (2000-2018), by selecting the morphological code of retinoblastoma, the annual incidences per million (0-19 years of age) in each local PBCR were estimated by sex and age group, global combined and by region, in addition to the percentage of diagnosis only by death certificate (DC) or not informed (NI), and the male/female ratio (M/F). An annual incidence trend in the five Brazilian geographic regions was also analyzed using the inflection point regression technique. RESULTS 675 patients were identified in 28 PBCR, 91% between 0 and 4 years of age. The overall combined incidence per million by age group was: 7.02 (0-4 years old), ranging from 5.25 in the Midwest to 11.26 in the Northeast; 0.46 (5-9 years old); 0.05 (10-14 years old) and 0.03 (15-19 years old). The combined incidence per million, adjusted for the world population, was 2.23 (0-14 years old) and 2.24 (0-19 years old). The DC and NI percentages were 13% and 18%, respectively; the M/F ratio was 1.3. The incidence remained stable throughout the study period, except for the city of São Paulo, where there was a significant reduction of 3.4% per year. CONCLUSIONS In Brazil, except for the Northeast region, the incidences of retinoblastoma were lower than those reported in several countries worldwide, suggesting possible underreporting, and the time series analysis showed a stable trend. Although this pioneering study brings a recent panel of available data on retinoblastoma in Brazil, more precise estimates are needed and welcome for better planning of onco-ophthalmologic care in the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamaria Ciminelli Barbosa
- Department of Pediatrics, D'Or Institute for Research & Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Department of Ophthalmology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Arnaldo Prata-Barbosa
- Department of Pediatrics, D'Or Institute for Research & Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Instituto de Puericultura e Pediatria Martagão Gesteira, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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7
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Fabian ID, Khetan V, Stacey AW, Allen Foster, Ademola-Popoola DS, Berry JL, Cassoux N, Chantada GL, Hessissen L, Kaliki S, Kivelä TT, Luna-Fineman S, Munier FL, Reddy MA, Rojanaporn D, Blum S, Sherief ST, Staffieri SE, Theophile T, Waddell K, Ji X, Astbury NJ, Bascaran C, Burton M, Zondervan M, Bowman R. Sex, gender, and retinoblastoma: analysis of 4351 patients from 153 countries. Eye (Lond) 2021; 36:1571-1577. [PMID: 34272514 PMCID: PMC9307655 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-021-01675-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate in a large global sample of patients with retinoblastoma whether sex predilection exists for this childhood eye cancer. Methods A cross-sectional analysis including 4351 treatment-naive retinoblastoma patients from 153 countries who presented to 278 treatment centers across the world in 2017. The sex ratio (male/female) in the sample was compared to the sex ratio at birth by means of a two-sided proportions test at global level, country economic grouping, continent, and for selected countries. Results For the entire sample, the mean retinoblastoma sex ratio, 1.20, was higher than the weighted global sex ratio at birth, 1.07 (p < 0.001). Analysis at economic grouping, continent, and country-level demonstrated differences in the sex ratio in the sample compared to the ratio at birth in lower-middle-income countries (n = 1940), 1.23 vs. 1.07 (p = 0.019); Asia (n = 2276), 1.28 vs. 1.06 (p < 0.001); and India (n = 558), 1.52 vs. 1.11 (p = 0.008). Sensitivity analysis, excluding data from India, showed that differences remained significant for the remaining sample (χ2 = 6.925, corrected p = 0.025) and for Asia (χ2 = 5.084, corrected p = 0.036). Excluding data from Asia, differences for the remaining sample were nonsignificant (χ2 = 2.205, p = 0.14). Conclusions No proof of sex predilection in retinoblastoma was found in the present study, which is estimated to include over half of new retinoblastoma patients worldwide in 2017. A high male to female ratio in Asian countries, India in specific, which may have had an impact on global-level analysis, is likely due to gender discrimination in access to care in these countries, rather than a biological difference between sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ido Didi Fabian
- International Centre for Eye Helath, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK. .,The Goldschleger Eye Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
| | | | - Andrew W Stacey
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Allen Foster
- International Centre for Eye Helath, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Dupe S Ademola-Popoola
- University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - Jesse L Berry
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nathalie Cassoux
- Institut Curie, Université de Paris Medicine Paris V Descartes, Paris, France
| | | | - Laila Hessissen
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Department of Rabat, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Swathi Kaliki
- The Operation Eyesight Universal Institute for Eye Cancer, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
| | - Tero T Kivelä
- Ocular Oncology Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sandra Luna-Fineman
- Hematology/Oncology/SCT, Center for Global Health, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Francis L Munier
- Jules-Gonin Eye Hospital, Fondation Asile de Aveugles, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - M Ashwin Reddy
- The Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK.,Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Duangnate Rojanaporn
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sharon Blum
- The Goldschleger Eye Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Sadik T Sherief
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Sandra E Staffieri
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | | | | | - Xunda Ji
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Nicholas J Astbury
- International Centre for Eye Helath, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Covadonga Bascaran
- International Centre for Eye Helath, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Matthew Burton
- International Centre for Eye Helath, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Marcia Zondervan
- International Centre for Eye Helath, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Richard Bowman
- International Centre for Eye Helath, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.,Ophthalmology Department, Great Ormond Street Children's Hospital, London, UK
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Nowak MS, Romanowska-Dixon B, Grabska-Liberek I, Żurek M. Incidence and Characteristics of Retinoblastoma in Poland: The First Nationwide Study 2010-2017. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:6539. [PMID: 34204493 PMCID: PMC8296438 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18126539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: The present study aimed to investigate the incidence and characteristics of retinoblastoma in the overall population of Poland. Methods: The retrospective survey of both National Health Fund (NHF) and National Cancer Registry (NCR) databases were performed to identify all retinoblastoma cases in Poland in the years 2010-2017. Results: During 2010-2017, the mean age-standardised incidence of retinoblastoma (the unit of incidence is per 1,000,000 person-years) was 10.15 (95% CI 7.23-13.08) among children aged 0 to 4 years and 5.39 (95% CI 4.18-6.60) in those aged 0 to 9 years. During 2010-2014 (to allow 5 years of follow-up), the mean incidence of retinoblastoma by birth cohort analysis in Poland was 4.89 (95% CI 4.04-5.74) per 100,000 live births, corresponding to an incidence of 1 per 20,561 (95% CI 15,855-25,267) live births. In Poland, 14.6% of children with retinoblastoma had enucleation of the eye globe, 76.8% received different types of chemotherapy combined with focal treatment, 5.9% were treated with external beam radiotherapy, and 2.7% were treated with focal treatments only. Conclusions: The incidence of retinoblastoma and the pattern of medical management of retinoblastoma in Poland was similar to that reported in developed countries in Western Europe, Asia, and North America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał S. Nowak
- Provisus Eye Clinic, 112 Redzinska str., 42-209 Czestochowa, Poland
- Saint Family Hospital Medical Center, 19 Wigury Str., 90-302 Lodz, Poland
| | - Bożena Romanowska-Dixon
- Department of Ophthalmology and Ophthalmic Oncology, Jagiellonian University Collegium Medicum, 31-501 Cracow, Poland;
| | - Iwona Grabska-Liberek
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-416 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Michał Żurek
- Department of Analyses and Strategies, Ministry of Health, 00-952 Warsaw, Poland;
- Doctoral School, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
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Retinoblastoma in Taiwan: survival and clinical characteristics. Jpn J Ophthalmol 2021; 65:546-553. [PMID: 33948759 DOI: 10.1007/s10384-021-00836-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To figure out the impact of national health insurance program and treatment modalities on the clinical outcomes of patients with retinoblastoma. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. METHODS Enrolled patients were classified into three groups according to the time period in which their initial diagnosis was performed: patients diagnosed before 1995 (group 1), patients diagnosed in the time period 1995-2010 (group 2), patients diagnosed after 2010 (group 3). Comparison was made of clinical features including presenting signs, tumor spreading, and treatment modes. Survival and globe salvage rates were analyzed within each group. RESULTS There were 157 patients (202 eyes) enrolled from 1978 to 2015. The overall mortality rate was 24.2%. The overall 5-year survival rate was 63.4%, 73.8%, 89.1% in the three time periods respectively (P = 0.007). The 5-year survival improved continuously in both unilateral and bilateral disease (P = 0.057; P = 0.015). Patients without extraocular spreading or diagnosed before 2 years of age had a better 5- year survival of 97.4% and 81.1% respectively. The globe salvage rate improved from 8.2%, 14.5%, to 35.1% (P < 0.001). The globe salvage rate was 46.9% in patients who received ophthalmic artery chemosurgery (OAC) and 6.4% in patients not received OAC. CONCLUSIONS Improvement of survival and globe salvage rate was observed over time periods. National health insurance program has made medical care easily accessible to the public, leading to earlier diagnosis and treatment. Different treatment modes could achieve a better clinical outcome; among the new treatment modalities, OAC played an important role.
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Badri M, Eslahi AV, Olfatifar M, Dalvand S, Houshmand E, Abdoli A, Majidiani H, Eslami A, Zibaei M, Johkool MG, Taghipour A, Hashemipour S. Keys to Unlock the Enigma of Ocular Toxocariasis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2021; 29:1265-1276. [PMID: 33909531 DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2021.1875007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: Ocular toxocariasis (OT) is a zoonotic infection caused by larval stages of Toxocara canis and T. cati. The current review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the global prevalence of OT.Methods: Five English (PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science, and Google Scholar) databases were explored and 101 articles met the inclusion criteria.Results: The pooled prevalence (95% confidence interval) of OT was higher in immunological studies (9%. 6-12%) than in studies that applied ophthalmic examination (1%. 1-2%). The lower middle-income level countries had the highest prevalence (6%. 2-12%) as well as the African region (10%. 7-13%). The highest infection rate (4%. 2-7%) was detected in the 1-25 mean age group.Conclusion: Regular anthelminthic treatment of cats and dogs, and removal of animal feces from public places must be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Badri
- Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences,Qazvin, Iran
| | - Aida Vafae Eslahi
- Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences,Qazvin, Iran
| | - Meysam Olfatifar
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sahar Dalvand
- Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohada Tajrish Comprehensive Neurosurgical Center of Excellence,Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Houshmand
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of veterinary medicine, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Guilan, Iran
| | - Amir Abdoli
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Majidiani
- Zoonotic Diseases Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Ali Eslami
- Eye Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Zibaei
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Morteza Ghanbari Johkool
- Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences,Qazvin, Iran
| | - Ali Taghipour
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sima Hashemipour
- Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences,Qazvin, Iran
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Rojanaporn D, Attaseth T, Dieosuthichat W, Leelawongs K, Pakakasama S, Anurathapan U, Chanthanaphak E, Singhara Na Ayudhaya S, Aroonroch R, Hongeng S. Clinical Presentations and Outcomes of Retinoblastoma Patients in relation to the Advent of New Multimodal Treatments: A 12-Year Report from Single Tertiary Referral Institute in Thailand. J Ophthalmol 2020; 2020:4231841. [PMID: 33005446 PMCID: PMC7508219 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4231841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the clinical presentations and outcomes of retinoblastoma in relation to the advent of new multimodal treatments in Thailand. Patients and Methods. Retrospective case series. We evaluated the clinical presentation, staging, details of treatment, and treatment outcomes of retinoblastoma patients who were treated at Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand, between January 1, 2007, and December 31, 2018. The log-rank test was used to explore clinical characteristics and treatment modalities that affected globe salvage and survival curves. RESULTS This study included 124 eyes of 81 patients with retinoblastoma. Forty-three patients (53.1%) had bilateral retinoblastoma. The median age at diagnosis was 8 months (range, 1-48 months). Of 124 eyes, 9 eyes (7.3%) had extraocular retinoblastoma and 115 eyes (92.7%) had intraocular retinoblastoma, which were classified by the International Classification of Retinoblastoma (ICRB) as group A, 4 eyes (3.5%); group B, 19 eyes (16.5%); group C, 6 eyes (5.2%); group D, 31 eyes (27%); and group E, 56 eyes (47.8%). Treatment included systemic chemotherapy, intra-arterial chemotherapy, ruthenium-106 plaque brachytherapy, external beam radiation therapy, cryotherapy, transpupillary thermotherapy, subtenon chemotherapy, and intravitreal chemotherapy. At the median follow-up period of 38.4 months (range, 0.2-148.2 months), the overall globe salvage rate of intraocular retinoblastoma was 51.7%. For unilateral retinoblastoma, globe salvage rate was 37.5% (group B, 100%; group C, 100%; group D, 50%; and group E, 18.8%). For bilateral intraocular retinoblastoma, the globe salvage rate was 57.8% (group A, 100 %; group B, 94.4%; group C, 100%; group D, 64.7%; and group E, 28.2%). The overall survival rate was 93.8%. CONCLUSIONS Recent advanced treatment modalities have improved the probability of globe salvage. However, enucleation remains an important life-saving intervention in many advanced cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duangnate Rojanaporn
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Taweevat Attaseth
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Wimwipa Dieosuthichat
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Kitikul Leelawongs
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Samart Pakakasama
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Usanarat Anurathapan
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Ekachat Chanthanaphak
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | | | - Rangsima Aroonroch
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Suradej Hongeng
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
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12
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Nummi K, Kivelä TT. Retinoblastoma in Finland, 1964–2014: incidence and survival. Br J Ophthalmol 2020; 105:63-69. [DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2019-315744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
AimsTo determine the incidence of retinoblastoma (Rb) and subsequent survival in the Finnish population during five decades.MethodsThis retrospective observational cohort study comprised all patients with Rb born in Finland during 1964–2014 and diagnosed in 2018 (birth cohort analysis) or diagnosed in 1964–2014 (standard annual analysis), identified from the Finnish Cancer Registry and the national referral centre. We report age-adjusted incidences and survival according to cause of death.ResultsOf children born in 1964–2014, 205 developed Rb, whereas 204 Rbs were diagnosed during these years; 196 belonged to both cohorts. Altogether 80 (38%) of the 213 children had heritable Rb and 19 (9%) had familial disease. The sex ratio was 1.34, suggesting male preponderance. Birth cohort analysis showed a median incidence of 6.2 per 100 000 live births (1:16 130) and less variability as compared with standard annual analysis (12.1, 6.5 and 4.4 per million children 0–4, 0–9 and 0–14 years of age, respectively). The incidence of heritable Rb increased with time, reflecting the increase in familial tumours. Five-year mortality rates from Rb were 6.2% and 7.6% for non-heritable and heritable diseases, respectively, and 35-year mortality rates from second malignancies were 0% and 14.3%, respectively. Family history predicted improved survival, whereas the period of diagnosis did not.ConclusionThe incidence of familial Rb has increased, along with improvement in survival in Finland in 1964–2014, whereas the overall incidence of Rb was stable. Long-term risk of dying of second malignancies after heritable Rb was in line with other countries.
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13
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Heck JE, Lee PC, Wu CK, Tsai HY, Ritz B, Arah OA, Li CY. Gestational risk factors and childhood cancers: A cohort study in Taiwan. Int J Cancer 2020; 147:1343-1353. [PMID: 32020595 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Gestational risk factors such as birth weight, gestational age and parity have been repeatedly found to be related to pediatric cancers, but few reports have emerged from Asian countries. Here we report on demographic and gestational factors in a Taiwanese cohort. Our study included all children born in Taiwan 2004-2014 for whom there was a birth record (n = 2,079,037), of which 1900 children had been diagnosed with cancer prior to age 12. We conducted multivariable hazard regression to examine associations between demographic and gestational factors with cancer. Greater parity (family with 2+ older children) was related to acute myeloid leukemia [Hazard ratio (HR) = 2.15, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.31, 3.55), central nervous system tumors (HR = 1.67, CI: 1.13, 2.48) and neuroblastoma (HR = 1.67, CI: 1.07, 2.63). Hepatoblastoma cases had a higher risk of low birth weight (<2,500 g; HR = 3.01, CI: 1.85, 4.91), very preterm birth (<33 weeks gestation; HR = 13.71, CI: 7.45, 25.23), plural pregnancies (HR = 2.37, CI: 1.10, 5.14) and both small (HR = 2.13, CI: 1.23, 3.67) and large (HR = 1.83, CI: 1.01, 3.32) for gestational age. Germ cell tumors were more common among children born in rural areas (HR = 1.63, CI: 1.02, 2.60). Despite that Taiwan has lower rates of both high and low birthweight compared to other developed nations, we observed several similar associations to those reported in Western Countries. Further research should examine unique exposures in Taiwan that may be contributing to higher incidence of certain cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia E Heck
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California-Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA.,Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Pei-Chen Lee
- Department of Health Care Management, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Kai Wu
- Department of Health Care Management, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yun Tsai
- Department of Health Care Management, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Beate Ritz
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California-Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA
| | - Onyebuchi A Arah
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California-Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA.,Department of Statistics, UCLA College of Letters and Science, Los Angeles, CA.,Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Chung-Yi Li
- Department of Public Health, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Healthcare Administration, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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14
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Munier FL, Beck-Popovic M, Chantada GL, Cobrinik D, Kivelä TT, Lohmann D, Maeder P, Moll AC, Carcaboso AM, Moulin A, Schaiquevich P, Bergin C, Dyson PJ, Houghton S, Puccinelli F, Vial Y, Gaillard MC, Stathopoulos C. Conservative management of retinoblastoma: Challenging orthodoxy without compromising the state of metastatic grace. "Alive, with good vision and no comorbidity". Prog Retin Eye Res 2019; 73:100764. [PMID: 31173880 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Revised: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Retinoblastoma is lethal by metastasis if left untreated, so the primary goal of therapy is to preserve life, with ocular survival, visual preservation and quality of life as secondary aims. Historically, enucleation was the first successful therapeutic approach to decrease mortality, followed over 100 years ago by the first eye salvage attempts with radiotherapy. This led to the empiric delineation of a window for conservative management subject to a "state of metastatic grace" never to be violated. Over the last two decades, conservative management of retinoblastoma witnessed an impressive acceleration of improvements, culminating in two major paradigm shifts in therapeutic strategy. Firstly, the introduction of systemic chemotherapy and focal treatments in the late 1990s enabled radiotherapy to be progressively abandoned. Around 10 years later, the advent of chemotherapy in situ, with the capitalization of new routes of targeted drug delivery, namely intra-arterial, intravitreal and now intracameral injections, allowed significant increase in eye preservation rate, definitive eradication of radiotherapy and reduction of systemic chemotherapy. Here we intend to review the relevant knowledge susceptible to improve the conservative management of retinoblastoma in compliance with the "state of metastatic grace", with particular attention to (i) reviewing how new imaging modalities impact the frontiers of conservative management, (ii) dissecting retinoblastoma genesis, growth patterns, and intraocular routes of tumor propagation, (iii) assessing major therapeutic changes and trends, (iv) proposing a classification of relapsing retinoblastoma, (v) examining treatable/preventable disease-related or treatment-induced complications, and (vi) appraising new therapeutic targets and concepts, as well as liquid biopsy potentiality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis L Munier
- Jules-Gonin Eye Hospital, Fondation Asile des Aveugles, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Maja Beck-Popovic
- Unit of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Guillermo L Chantada
- Hemato-Oncology Service, Hospital JP Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Cobrinik
- The Vision Center and The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; USC Roski Eye Institute, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tero T Kivelä
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ocular Oncology and Pediatric Ophthalmology Services, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Dietmar Lohmann
- Eye Oncogenetics Research Group, Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Philippe Maeder
- Unit of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Annette C Moll
- UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Ophthalmology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Angel Montero Carcaboso
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alexandre Moulin
- Jules-Gonin Eye Hospital, Fondation Asile des Aveugles, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Paula Schaiquevich
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Hospital de Pediatria JP Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ciara Bergin
- Jules-Gonin Eye Hospital, Fondation Asile des Aveugles, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Paul J Dyson
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Susan Houghton
- Jules-Gonin Eye Hospital, Fondation Asile des Aveugles, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Puccinelli
- Interventional Neuroradiology Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yvan Vial
- Materno-Fetal Medicine Unit, Woman-Mother-Child Department, University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marie-Claire Gaillard
- Jules-Gonin Eye Hospital, Fondation Asile des Aveugles, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Christina Stathopoulos
- Jules-Gonin Eye Hospital, Fondation Asile des Aveugles, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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15
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Lyu X, Ma Y, Wu F, Wang L, Wang L. LncRNA NKILA Inhibits Retinoblastoma by Downregulating lncRNA XIST. Curr Eye Res 2019; 44:975-979. [PMID: 30995132 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2019.1606253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: Although retinoblastoma is rare but can be deadly in some severe cases. To find novel therapeutic targets for retinoblastoma, we explored the potential role of lncRNA NKILA in retinoblastoma. Results: We found that, comparing to healthy controls, NKILA was downregulated, while lncRNA XIST was upregulated in plasma of retinoblastoma patients and they were inversely correlated. Downregulation of NKILA distinguished early-stage patients from healthy controls. Overexpression of lncRNA NKILA mediated the downregulation of XIST in retinoblastoma cells, while XIST overexpression failed to significantly affect NKILA. Overexpression of NKILA resulted in decreased, while XIST overexpression resulted in increased proliferation, migration and invasion rates of retinoblastoma cells. In addition, rescue experiment showed that XIST overexpression attenuated the effects of NKILA overexpression on cancer cell behaviors. Conclusions: Therefore, NKILA inhibits retinoblastoma possibly by downregulating XIST, but the causality has not been fully validated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueman Lyu
- Department of Ophthalmology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University , Changchun , Jilin , PR. China
| | - Yunqing Ma
- Intensive Care Unit, Second Hospital of Jilin University , Changchun , Jilin , PR. China
| | - Fei Wu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Second Hospital of Jilin University , Changchun , Jilin , PR. China
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University , Changchun , Jilin , PR. China
| | - Lina Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University , Changchun , Jilin , PR. China
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17
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Fernandes AG, Pollock BD, Rabito FA. Retinoblastoma in the United States: A 40-Year Incidence and Survival Analysis. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2018; 55:182-188. [PMID: 29257183 DOI: 10.3928/01913913-20171116-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the incidence of retinoblastoma in the United States from 1973 to 2012 (40 years) and characterize the 5-year overall survival rate of the included patients. METHODS Cases of retinoblastoma were derived from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program (National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD). Incidence rates were calculated using U.S. Census Bureau data as the standard population, and trends over time were determined using the chi-square test. Hazard ratios with a 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated for variables associated with mortality using Cox regression models. Survival rates were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared among different clinical and demographic categories. RESULTS A total of 879 cases of retinoblastoma were derived from the SEER databases. The annual incidence rates of retinoblastoma for a period of 40 years were 12.14 (95% CI: 11.32 to 12.96) cases per 1 million children 4 years or younger and 0.49 (95% CI: 0.36 to 0.65) cases per 1 million children between the ages of 5 and 9 years. There was no significant trend for children 4 years or younger (P = .6324) or between the ages of 5 and 9 years (P = .7695). The 5-year overall survival rates were 97.6%, 92.7%, 91.1%, and 96.4% for children diagnosed at the first, second, third, and after the third year of life, respectively (P = .0136). The 5-year overall survival rates were 92.5% for bilateral and 96.3% for unilateral cases (P = .0116). The 5-year overall survival rates were 90.8%, 92.5%, 97.6%, 97.3% for increasing time intervals (1973 to 1979, 1980 to 1989, 1990 to 1999, and 2000 to 2012, respectively; P = .0017). CONCLUSIONS The incidence rate of retinoblastoma in the United States has remained stable for the past 40 years. Survival rate analysis indicates a significant effect of laterality of tumor, age at diagnosis, and decade of diagnosis. [J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2018;55(3):182-188.].
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18
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Scelfo C, Francis JH, Khetan V, Jenkins T, Marr B, Abramson DH, Shields CL, Pe'er J, Munier F, Berry J, Harbour JW, Yarovoy A, Lucena E, Murray TG, Bhagia P, Paysse E, Tuncer S, Chantada GL, Moll AC, Ushakova T, Plager DA, Ziyovuddin I, Leal CA, Materin MA, Ji XD, Cursino JW, Polania R, Kiratli H, All-Ericsson C, Kebudi R, Honavar SG, Vishnevskia-Dai V, Epelman S, Daniels AB, Ling JD, Traore F, Ramirez-Ortiz MA. An international survey of classification and treatment choices for group D retinoblastoma. Int J Ophthalmol 2017; 10:961-967. [PMID: 28730089 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2017.06.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To determine which IIRC scheme was used by retinoblastoma centers worldwide and the percentage of D eyes treated primarily with enucleation versus globe salvaging therapies as well as to correlate trends in treatment choice to IIRC version used and geographic region. METHODS An anonymized electronic survey was offered to 115 physicians at 39 retinoblastoma centers worldwide asking about IIRC classification schemes and treatment patterns used between 2008 and 2012. Participants were asked to record which version of the IIRC was used for classification, how many group D eyes were diagnosed, and how many eyes were treated with enucleation versus globe salvaging therapies. Averages of eyes per treatment modality were calculated and stratified by both IIRC version and geographic region. Statistical significance was determined by Chi-square, ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis tests using Prism. RESULTS The survey was completed by 29% of physicians invited to participate. Totally 1807 D eyes were diagnosed. Regarding IIRC system, 27% of centers used the Children's Hospital of Los Angeles (CHLA) version, 33% used the Children's Oncology Group (COG) version, 23% used the Philadelphia version, and 17% were unsure. The rate for primary enucleation varied between 0 and 100% and the mean was 29%. By IIRC version, primary enucleation rates were: Philadelphia, 8%; COG, 34%; and CHLA, 37%. By geographic region, primary enucleation rates were: Latin America, 57%; Asia, 40%; Europe, 36%; Africa, 10%, US, 8%; and Middle East, 8%. However, systemic chemoreduction was used more often than enucleation in all regions except Latin America with a mean of 57% per center (P<0.0001). CONCLUSION Worldwide there is no consensus on which IIRC version is used, systemic chemoreduction was the most frequently used initial treatment during the study period followed by enucleation and primary treatment modality, especially enucleation, varied greatly with regards to IIRC version used and geographic region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Scelfo
- Ophthalmic Oncology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York 10065, USA
| | - Jasmine H Francis
- Ophthalmic Oncology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York 10065, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, Weill-Cornell Medical Center, New York 10065, USA
| | - Vikas Khetan
- Department of Vitreoretinal and Ocular Oncology, Sankara Nathralaya, Chennai 600066, India
| | - Thomas Jenkins
- Ocular Oncology Service, Wills Eye Hospital, Thomas Jefferson University, Pennsylvania 19107, USA
| | - Brian Marr
- Ophthalmic Oncology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York 10065, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, Weill-Cornell Medical Center, New York 10065, USA
| | - David H Abramson
- Ophthalmic Oncology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York 10065, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, Weill-Cornell Medical Center, New York 10065, USA
| | - Carol L Shields
- Ocular Oncology Service, Wills Eye Hospital, Thomas Jefferson University, Pennsylvania 19107, USA
| | - Jacob Pe'er
- Hadassah - Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | | | - Jesse Berry
- USC Roski Eye Institute, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, California 90033, USA
| | - J William Harbour
- Ocular Oncology Service, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Florida 33136, USA
| | - Andrey Yarovoy
- Ocular Oncology Department, S.N. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow 127486, Russia
| | - Evandro Lucena
- Department of Ocular Oncology, Instituto Nacional de Cancer, Rio de Janeiro 1122, Brazil
| | - Timothy G Murray
- Murray Ocular Oncology and Retina, Miami Children's Hospital, Florida 33143, USA
| | - Pooja Bhagia
- St. Joseph's Children's Hospital, New Jersey 07504, USA
| | - Evelyn Paysse
- Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Samuray Tuncer
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ocular Oncology, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul 34452, Turkey
| | | | - Annette C Moll
- Department of Ophthalmology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam 1081, the Netherlands
| | - Tatiana Ushakova
- Department of Head and Neck Tumors, Science Research Institute of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center, Moscow 115478, Russia
| | - David A Plager
- Pediatric Ophthalmology and Adult Strabismus, Riley Hospital for Children, Indiana University Medical Center, Indiana 46202, USA
| | | | - Carlos A Leal
- Instituto Nacional de Pediatria, Coyoacan 04530, Mexico
| | - Miguel A Materin
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Smilow Cancer Hospital at Yale New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Xun-Da Ji
- Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jose W Cursino
- Department of Ophthalmology, Santa Casa Misericordia S. Paulo, Sao Paulo 01221-020, Brazil
| | | | - Hayyam Kiratli
- Ocular Oncology Service, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara 06100, Turkey
| | | | - Rejin Kebudi
- Istanbul University, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty & Oncology Institute, Istanbul 34303, Turkey
| | - Santosh G Honavar
- Ophthalmic and Facial Plastic Surgery and Ocular Oncology, Centre for Sight Eye Hospital, Hyderabad 500034, India
| | - Vicktoria Vishnevskia-Dai
- The Ocular Oncology and Autoimmune Center, Goldschleger Eye Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 52621, Israel
| | | | - Anthony B Daniels
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Tennessee 37232, USA
| | - Jeanie D Ling
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Tennessee 37232, USA
| | | | - Marco A Ramirez-Ortiz
- Ophthalmology Service, Hospital Infantil de Mexico Federico Gomez, Mexico City 01020, Mexico
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Yang Y, Mei Q. miRNA signature identification of retinoblastoma and the correlations between differentially expressed miRNAs during retinoblastoma progression. Mol Vis 2015; 21:1307-17. [PMID: 26730174 PMCID: PMC4688417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Retinoblastoma (RB) is a common pediatric cancer. The study aimed to uncover the mechanisms of RB progression and identify novel therapeutic biomarkers. METHODS The miRNA expression profile GSE7072, which includes three RB samples and three healthy retina samples, was used. After data normalization using the preprocessCore package, differentially expressed miRNAs (DE-miRs) were selected by the limma package. The targets of the DE-miRs were predicted based on two databases, followed by construction of the miRNA-target network. Pathway enrichment analysis was conducted for the targets of the DE-miRNAs using DAVID. The CTD database was used to predict RB-related genes, followed by clustering analysis using the pvclust package. The correlation network of DE-miRs was established. MiRNA expression was validated in another data set, GSE41321. RESULTS In total, 24 DE-miRs were identified whose targets were correlated with the cell cycle pathway. Among them, hsa-miR-373, hsa-miR-125b, and hsa-miR-181a were highlighted in the miRNA-target regulatory network; 14 DE-miRs, including hsa-miR-373, hsa-miR-125b, hsa-miR-18a, hsa-miR-25, hsa-miR-20a, and hsa-let-7 (a, b, c), were shown to distinguish RB from healthy tissue. In addition, hsa-miR-25, hsa-miR-18a, and hsa-miR-20a shared the common target BCL2L11; hsa-let-7b and hsa-miR-125b targeted the genes CDC25A, CDK6, and LIN28A. Expression of three miRNAs in GSE41321 was consistent with that in GSE7072. CONCLUSIONS Several critical miRNAs were identified in RB progression. Hsa-miR-373 might regulate RB invasion and metastasis, hsa-miR-181a might involve in the CDKN1B-mediated cell cycle pathway, and hsa-miR-125b and hsa-let-7b might serve as tumor suppressors by coregulating CDK6, CDC25A, and LIN28A. The miRNAs hsa-miR-25, hsa-miR-18a, and hsa-miR-20a might exert their function by coregulating BCL2L1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qi Mei
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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