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Woodforde J, Gomersall S, Timperio A, Mavoa S, Perales F, Salmon J, Stylianou M. Before-school physical activity patterns among adolescents using accelerometer and GPS data. Health Place 2024; 86:103222. [PMID: 38458126 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Most adolescents do not meet physical activity (PA) guidelines. The before-school segment has been identified as one promising opportunity for intervention; however, there is a need for contextual understanding of PA in this segment. This study aimed to examine: a) adolescents' PA levels across various locations before school (6:00am - school start), b) contributions of before-school PA to daily PA and PA guidelines, and c) correlates of location-specific before-school PA. A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using adolescents' (n = 148, mean age 14.7) accelerometer and GPS data. Adolescents averaged 9.7 min in before-school moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA), representing substantial contributions to daily activity. Most MVPA occurred away from home and school. Significant correlates included segment duration, age, socio-economic status, and PA self-efficacy. Future work should consider these patterns and correlates to support adolescents' PA through targeted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Woodforde
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia.
| | - Sjaan Gomersall
- Centre for Health and Wellbeing Research Innovation, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia; School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Anna Timperio
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, 3216, Australia
| | - Suzanne Mavoa
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010, Australia
| | - Francisco Perales
- School of Social Science, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Jo Salmon
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, 3216, Australia
| | - Michalis Stylianou
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
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Woodforde J, Kuswara K, Perales F, Salmon J, Gomersall S, Stylianou M. A qualitative exploration of multi-stakeholder perspectives of before-school physical activity. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2024; 21:25. [PMID: 38424551 PMCID: PMC10905879 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-024-01572-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Engagement in before-school physical activity can potentially enhance health and learning-related outcomes for children and adolescents. However, influencing factors and stakeholder perceptions of before-school physical activity remain under-researched. This qualitative study aimed to examine stakeholder perceptions of: a) the suitability of the before-school segment for physical activity, b) barriers and facilitators associated with before-school physical activity, and c) strategies for schools to support before-school physical activity. METHODS Twelve focus groups and one interview were conducted with 38 participants from a range of school stakeholder groups-students, parents, teachers, school leaders, external physical activity providers, and school health and physical activity experts. Focus groups were analysed using template analysis, guided by a social-ecological model. RESULTS Stakeholders perceived before-school physical activity as valuable, for reasons including perceptions of meaningful contributions to students' cognitive functioning, classroom behaviours, and wellbeing. Factors influencing before-school physical activity were identified across multiple social-ecological levels, including the critical role of school leadership support, availability of facilities, and provision of qualified supervision. Proposed strategies highlighted the need for sustainable design, contextual relevance, and community engagement in before-school initiatives. Additionally, communication of the manifold benefits identified by stakeholders was suggested as a means to drive support and engagement in before-school physical activity. CONCLUSIONS This study provides insight for schools seeking to enhance opportunities for physical activity in the before-school hours and may inform future intervention research on the subject, taking into account its multi-faceted influences and the need for context-specific strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Woodforde
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, 4072, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Konsita Kuswara
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 3216, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Francisco Perales
- School of Social Science, The University of Queensland, 4072, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jo Salmon
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 3216, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Sjaan Gomersall
- Centre for Health and Wellbeing Research Innovation, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, 4072, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, 4072, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Michalis Stylianou
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, 4072, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
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Woodforde J, Perales F, Salmon J, Gomersall S, Stylianou M. Before-school physical activity levels and sociodemographic correlates among Australian adolescents: A cross-sectional study. J Sports Sci 2024; 42:237-246. [PMID: 38445635 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2024.2326353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Understanding adolescents' physical activity levels and underpinning contextual factors is crucial for health promotion. This cross-sectional study, using 24-hour time use diaries and sociodemographic variables from the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children, addressed gaps in understanding of physical activity in the before-school segment (the time between waking up and commencing classes). The study examined a) adolescents' time spent in before-school physical activity, focusing on location and shared presence, and b) sociodemographic correlates of before-school physical activity. Completed diaries by 12-13 year-olds (n = 3,201) revealed that adolescents reported an average of 10.8 minutes of daily before-school physical activity (average segment length: 114 min), mostly classified as active transport (5.7 min). Most before-school physical activity occurred in a location other than home or school (6.1 min) and with peers (6.1 min). Notably, 51% of boys and 60% of girls did not report any before-school physical activity. Through two-part regression, we found that boys, adolescents from single-parent households, and those with longer before-school segments are more likely to report before-school physical activity compared to their counterparts. Before-school initiatives should promote active transport and diverse opportunities in other settings. Research into barriers and facilitators may inform more inclusive and effective promotion strategies, including school-based initiatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Woodforde
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Francisco Perales
- School of Social Science, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jo Salmon
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sjaan Gomersall
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
- Centre for Health and Wellbeing Research Innovation, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
| | - Michalis Stylianou
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
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Lee B, Joung K, Jeon W. A study on the relationships between playfulness, physical self-efficacy, and school happiness among middle school students participating in "0th-period physical education class" in South Korea. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1232508. [PMID: 37736089 PMCID: PMC10509755 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1232508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to create a scientific basis for the establishment of "0th-period physical education class" activities in schools in the future, with the expectation that the associations of morning exercise can be activated in the Korean educational community. To achieve this goal, the present study aimed to determine the relationship between the playfulness experienced during the early morning exercise of middle school students and their physical self-efficacy and education for happiness. To examine the model, questionnaires were collected from 296 middle school students located in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do, South Korea. Correlation analysis and standard multiple regression analysis were performed to analyze the data using the SPSS 21.0. The findings were as follows: First, the playfulness of the middle school "0th-period physical education class" had a significant effect on physical self-efficacy. Second, playfulness had a significant effect on education for happiness. Thirdly, physical self-efficacy was found to have a significant effect on education for happiness. Based on the results of this study, we suggest that a "0th-period physical education class" with various activities should be held during the legally required time in South Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byungchan Lee
- Department of Physical Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, China
| | - Kihong Joung
- Department of Physical Education, Kangnam University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonjae Jeon
- Department of Physical Education, Korea National University of Education, Gangnae-myeon, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
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Ortiz-Marcos JM, Lendínez-Turón A, Solano-Sánchez MÁ, Tomé-Fernández M. Bullying in Adolescents Practising Sport: A Structural Model Approach. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13438. [PMID: 36294016 PMCID: PMC9658314 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This article aims to analyse the relationship between the bullying aggressor and bullying victim profile related to practising or not practising sport in adolescents living in southern Spain. The research includes male and female participants aged between 12 and 16 years in different secondary schools in the provinces of Andalusia, Ceuta and Melilla in the period between February 2022 and June 2022. The study aims to extend the existing scientific, theoretical and empirical knowledge on the influence of playing sport or not on disruptive bullying attitudes in adolescents. To this end, two initial hypotheses were designed; the first hypothesises that bullying victim behaviours are associated with future bullying aggressor behaviours when practising sport; and the second states that victim behaviours are associated with future bullying aggressor behaviours when not practising sport. To verify them, SPSS software was used for the preliminary analysis of the scale and sociodemographic profile. Additionally, the study is based on structural equation modelling methodology and variance-based methods employing SmartPLS v3.3 software. The results show the importance of sport or physical activity to reduce the chances of carrying out bullying actions on other peers and/or classmates. Therefore, it is considered necessary to prevent bullying in the classroom by implementing sports intervention programmes in educational centres.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Manuel Ortiz-Marcos
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Faculty of Education and Sports Sciences (Melilla Campus), University of Granada, 52005 Melilla, Spain; (J.M.O.-M.); (A.L.-T.)
| | - Ana Lendínez-Turón
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Faculty of Education and Sports Sciences (Melilla Campus), University of Granada, 52005 Melilla, Spain; (J.M.O.-M.); (A.L.-T.)
| | - Miguel Ángel Solano-Sánchez
- Department of Applied Economics, Faculty of Social and Legal Sciences (Melilla Campus), University of Granada, 52005 Melilla, Spain
| | - María Tomé-Fernández
- Department of Research Methods and Diagnosis in Education, Faculty of Education and Sports Sciences (Melilla Campus), University of Granada, 52005 Melilla, Spain;
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