1
|
Reasoner K, Lee D, Davidson C, Pennings JS, Lee DH. Coordination and Pilot Implementation of a Standardized Data Collection for Touching Hands. J Hand Surg Am 2024; 49:611.e1-611.e6. [PMID: 36253199 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhsa.2022.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Touching Hands is an American Society for Surgery of the Hand program that provides hand surgeries to the world's underserved communities. The purpose of this study was to develop and implement a systematic data collection method for Touching Hands to assess patient outcomes, volunteer impact, alleviated disease burden, and cost-effectiveness. METHODS Research electronic data capture (REDCap) was used as the secure software platform to facilitate data collection. The Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand questionnaire was used to assess pre-and postoperative patient-reported outcomes. The Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services (Medical Personnel) survey was administered to volunteers before and after the mission to measure impact on volunteers. Case information was collected to calculate disability-adjusted life years and cost-effectiveness. RESULTS The data collection system was implemented in some capacity in 4 domestic and 3 international mission sites during 2020 and 2021. CONCLUSIONS Substantial limitations exist for the implementation of a systematic data collection framework for Touching Hands and warrant further modification and optimization. CLINICAL RELEVANCE A REDCap database can be used for standardized and centralized patient and volunteer data collection for Touching Hands missions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlyn Reasoner
- Department of Internal Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Diane Lee
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Claudia Davidson
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Jacquelyn S Pennings
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Donald H Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lannon CM, Nuchovich N, Louis C, Henson J, Connett J, Nina RH, Marath A. Factors Associated With Lack of Long-Term Follow-Up Data After Global Cardiac Surgery Missions. World J Pediatr Congenit Heart Surg 2024; 15:325-331. [PMID: 38629174 PMCID: PMC11100267 DOI: 10.1177/21501351241239316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Background: Humanitarian medical missions attempt to lessen the burden of limited access to cardiac surgery in low- and middle-income countries. While organizations express difficulties obtaining follow-up information, there is currently little evidence to support the various assumptions for lack of data. This study examines the factors influencing long-term patient follow-ups on repeated short-term cardiac surgery missions across nine countries. Methods: A retrospective analysis of CardioStart International's database (RedCap) was conducted to investigate demographic, socioeconomic, and surgical factors associated with follow-ups. Results: A total of 550 pediatric (50%) and adult (50%) cardiac surgery patients displayed a follow-up rate of 14.7%, with no significant difference between populations (P = 1). Mean follow-up time was 1.5 years postoperative. Countries were highly variable, with Dominican Republic and Vietnam showing follow-up rates of 30.4% and 43.2%, respectively, while Brazil, Nepal, and Tanzania had no follow-ups (P < 0.0001). The 11 surrogate factors for socioeconomic status, including home amenities and technology access, were predominantly insignificant, with the exception of phone access showing an unexpectedly decreased follow-up rate (11.6%, P = 0.006). Surgical intervention was a significant factor (P = 0.009). No adult cardiac surgery trends were noted; however, congenital cases demonstrated increased follow-ups in patients with higher Risk Adjusted Congenital Heart Surgery scores, with ventricular septal defects (32.5%) exceeding atrial septal defects (7.3%). Conclusions: Follow-ups correlate with mission factors, including location and types of intervention, more so than previously assumed socioeconomic and technological factors. Thus, certain missions may require more allocation of resources and adapted organizational policies to overcome site-specific barriers to follow-up.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christine M. Lannon
- Texas A&M School of Engineering Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- CardioStart International Inc., St. Petersburg, FL, USA
| | | | - Clauden Louis
- CardioStart International Inc., St. Petersburg, FL, USA
- Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Janine Henson
- CardioStart International Inc., St. Petersburg, FL, USA
| | - John Connett
- CardioStart International Inc., St. Petersburg, FL, USA
| | - Rachel Haickel Nina
- CardioStart International Inc., St. Petersburg, FL, USA
- Federal University of Maranhao, Sao Luis, Brazil
| | - Aubyn Marath
- CardioStart International Inc., St. Petersburg, FL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Asfaw ZK, Greisman JD, Comuniello B, Shlobin NA, Etienne M, Zuckerman SL, Laeke T, Al-Sharshahi ZF, Barthélemy EJ. Global Neurosurgery Advances From Trenches to Bedside: Lessons From Neurosurgical Care in War, Humanitarian Assistance, and Disaster Response. Mil Med 2024; 189:e532-e540. [PMID: 37261884 DOI: 10.1093/milmed/usad170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION War has influenced the evolution of global neurosurgery throughout the past century. Armed conflict and mass casualty disasters (MCDs), including Humanitarian Assistance Disaster Relief missions, require military surgeons to innovate to meet extreme demands. However, the military medical apparatus is seldom integrated into the civilian health care sector. Neurosurgeons serving in the military have provided a pragmatic template for global neurosurgeons to emulate in humanitarian disaster responses. In this paper, we explore how wars and MCD have influenced innovations of growing interest in the resource-limited settings of global neurosurgery. METHODS We performed a narrative review of the literature examining the influence of wars and MCD on contemporary global neurosurgery practices. RESULTS Wartime innovations that influenced global neurosurgery include the development of triage systems and modernization with airlifts, the implementation of ambulance corps, early operation on cranial injuries in hospital camps near the battlefield, the use of combat body armor, and the rise of damage control neurosurgery. In addition to promoting task-shifting and task-sharing, workforce shortages during wars and disasters contributed to the establishment of the physician assistant/physician associate profession in the USA. Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) face similar challenges in developing trauma systems and obtaining advanced technology, including neurosurgical equipment like battery-powered computed tomography scanners. These challenges-ubiquitous in low-resource settings-have underpinned innovations in triage and wound care, rapid evacuation to tertiary care centers, and minimizing infection risk. CONCLUSION War and MCDs have catalyzed significant advancements in neurosurgical care both in the pre-hospital and inpatient settings. Most of these innovations originated in the military and subsequently spread to the civilian sector as military neurosurgeons and reservist civilian neurosurgeons returned from the battlefront or other low-resource locations. Military neurosurgeons have utilized their experience in low-resource settings to make volunteer global neurosurgery efforts in LMICs successful. LMICs have, by necessity, responded to challenges arising from resource shortages by developing innovative, context-specific care paradigms and technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zerubabbel K Asfaw
- Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Jacob D Greisman
- Department of Neurology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
| | - Briana Comuniello
- Department of Neurology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
| | - Nathan A Shlobin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Mill Etienne
- Department of Neurology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
| | - Scott L Zuckerman
- Department of Neurosurgery, Vanderbilt School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Tsegazeab Laeke
- Neurosurgery Division, Department of Surgery, Addis Ababa University, Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Zahraa F Al-Sharshahi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Ernest J Barthélemy
- Division of Neurosurgery, SUNY Downstate College of Medicine, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Richard K, Sanchez R, Amado B, Lubner R, Niconchuk J, Chen H, Phillips J, Kynes M, Belcher RH. Pediatric Otolaryngology Short-Term Mission Outcomes at a Surgical Mission Hospital in Guatemala. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2024; 170:252-259. [PMID: 37466003 DOI: 10.1002/ohn.432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The frequency of humanitarian surgical mission trips has grown over recent decades. Unfortunately, research on patient outcomes from these trips has not increased proportionately. We aim to analyze the safety and efficacy of surgeries in a low- and middle-income country missions-based surgery center in Guatemala City, Guatemala, and identify factors that influence surgical outcomes. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTING Guatemalan surgery center is called the Moore Center. METHODS Pediatric patients underwent otolaryngology surgery between 2017 and 2019. All patients required follow up. We analyzed the effect of patient, surgical, and geographic factors on follow up and complications with univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS A total of 1094 otolaryngologic surgeries were performed between 2017 to 2019, which comprised 37.4% adenotonsillectomies, 26.8% cleft lip (CL)/cleft palate (CP) repairs, 13.6% otologic, and 20% "other" surgeries. Patients traveled on average 88 km to the center (±164 km). Eighty-nine percent attended their first follow up and 55% attended their second. The 11% who missed their first follow up lived farther from the center (p < .001) and had a higher ASA classification (p < .001) than the 89% who did attend. Sixty-nine (6.3%) patients had 1 or more complications. CL/CP surgery was associated with more complications than other procedures (p < .001). Of 416 tonsillectomies, 4 patients (1%) had a bleeding episode with 2 requiring reoperation. CONCLUSION This surgical center models effective surgical care in low-resource areas. Complications and follow-up length vary by diagnosis. Areas to improve include retaining complex patients for follow up and reducing complications for CL/CP repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey Richard
- Medical Doctorate Program, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | | | - Barbara Amado
- Centro Quirugico Pediatrico Moore, Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | - Rory Lubner
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jonathan Niconchuk
- Department of Anesthesia, Pediatric Division, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Heidi Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - James Phillips
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt Children's Hospital, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Matthew Kynes
- Department of Anesthesia, Pediatric Division, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Ryan H Belcher
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt Children's Hospital, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Vora K, Saiyed S, Salvi F, Baines LS, Mavalankar D, Jindal RM. Unmet Surgical Needs and Trust Deficit in Marginalized Communities in India: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Survey. J Surg Res 2023; 292:239-246. [PMID: 37659320 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2023.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We carried out a household study of surgical unmet needs and trust in the physician and perception of quality in the health system in a rural Tribal area and an urban slum in India. METHODS A community-based, cross-sectional study was carried out in a Tribal and in an urban slum in Gujarat, India. We surveyed 7914 people in 2066 households in urban slum and 5180 people of 1036 households in rural Tribal area. The Surgeons Overseas Assessment of Surgical need was used to identify surgical met and unmet needs. Two instruments for trust deficit 'the Socio-culturally Competent Trust in Physician Scale for a Developing Country Setting' and 'Patient perceptions of quality' were also administered to understand perception about healthcare. Frequencies and proportions (categorical variable) summarized utilization of surgical services and surgical needs. P < 0.05 was statistically significant. RESULTS Slums and Tribal areas were significantly different in sociodemographic indicators. Unmet surgical needs in Tribal area were less than 5% versus 39% in the urban slum. Major need of surgery in Tribal area was for eye conditions in older population, while surgical conditions in extremities and abdomen were predominant in the urban area. Trust level was high for physicians in both areas. CONCLUSIONS Surgical unmet needs were significantly lower in Tribal versus urban area, possibly due to high priority given by the Indian government to alleviate poverty, social deprivation and participation of NGOs. Our study will give impetus to study unmet surgical needs and formulation of health policies in India and low-and-middle- income countries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kranti Vora
- Indian Institute of Public Health, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Shahin Saiyed
- Indian Institute of Public Health, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Falguni Salvi
- Indian Institute of Public Health, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | | | | | - Rahul M Jindal
- Indian Institute of Public Health, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Welch JM, Kamal RN, Chatterjee M, Shapiro LM. Rates, Barriers, and Facilitators of Outcome Collection on Hand Surgery Outreach to Low- and Middle-Income Countries. Hand (N Y) 2023; 18:875-884. [PMID: 35048744 PMCID: PMC10336811 DOI: 10.1177/15589447211072200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Global outreach to low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) continues to grow in an effort to improve global health. The practice of quality measurement is empirically lacking from surgical outreach trips to LMICs, which may limit the safety and quality of care provided. Using convergent mixed-methods, we aimed to: (1) identify and evaluate barriers and facilitators to outcome measure collection; and (2) report the sample rate of such collection on hand surgery outreach trips to LMICs. METHODS Surgeons and administrators involved in hand surgery outreach trips completed a survey regarding rates of outcome measure collection and a semi-structured interview to explore barriers and facilitators of outcome collection. Survey data were reported descriptively. Interviews were recorded and transcribed, and excerpts were categorized according to the Pettigrew framework for strategic change (content, process, and context). Results were combined through convergent mixed-methods analysis. RESULTS Thirty-three participants completed the survey, and 21 participated in interviews. Rates of collection were the most common for total case number (83%) and patient mortality (65%). Longitudinal outcomes (eg, patient follow-up or time away from work) were less frequently recorded (9% and 4%, respectively). Content analysis revealed barriers related to each domain of the Pettigrew framework. CONCLUSIONS This analysis demonstrates low levels of outcome collection on outreach trips and identifies priority areas for improvement. Developing context-specific solutions aimed at addressing barriers (eg, resource/database availability) and promoting facilitators (eg, collaborative relationships) may encourage higher rates of collection, which stands to improve patient safety, quality of care, and accountability when conducting outreach trips to LMICs.
Collapse
|
7
|
Reynolds CW, Shen MR, Englesbe MJ, Kwakye G. Humility: A Revised Definition and Techniques for Integration into Surgical Education. J Am Coll Surg 2023; 236:1261-1264. [PMID: 36735639 DOI: 10.1097/xcs.0000000000000640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mary R Shen
- the Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI (Shen, Englesbe, Kwakye)
| | - Michael J Englesbe
- the Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI (Shen, Englesbe, Kwakye)
| | - Gifty Kwakye
- the Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI (Shen, Englesbe, Kwakye)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Stanford-Moore GB, Canick J, Kaplan S, Lee WT. International Collaboration Trends in Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery: A Systematic Bibliometric Scoping Review. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2023; 149:540-545. [PMID: 37103939 PMCID: PMC10141267 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoto.2023.0372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Importance Research in facial plastic and reconstructive surgery (FPRS) in the global health setting, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), is increasing year by year. As this work progresses, it will be crucial to include voices and perspectives of individuals living in the LMICs being studied. Objective To characterize and understand international collaborations in published literature on FPRS care in a global health setting and report patterns in whether these articles included authors from the LMICs in which the studies took place. Evidence Review A systematic bibliometric scoping review of articles in Scopus from 1971 to 2022 was performed using a set list of search terms; studies were included using predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Studies met criteria for inclusion if the abstract or text contained information regarding surgeons from a different country performing surgery or conducting research in an LMIC within the domain of FPRS. Exclusion criteria were studies that did not mention a facial plastic or reconstructive surgery and studies where both an HIC and LMIC were not mentioned. Findings A total of 286 studies met criteria for inclusion. The highest percentage of studies (n = 72, 25.2%) were conducted across multiple countries. A total of 120 studies (41.9%) discussed cleft lip/palate. Overall, 141 studies (49.5%) included at least 1 author from the host LMIC; 89 (31.1%) had first authors from LMICs, and 72 (25.2%) had senior authors from LMICs. A total of 79 studies (27.6%) described humanitarian clinical service trips without mentioning research or education in the text. The remaining studies described research, education projects, or a combination. The published literature on humanitarian service trips had the lowest rate of inclusion of a first or senior author from the host LMICs. Conclusions and Relevance In this systematic bibliometric scoping review, findings showed a general trend of increased international work in the field of FPRS. However, there continues to be a paucity of inclusive authorship trends, with the majority of studies not including first or senior authors from LMICs. The findings presented here encourage new collaborations worldwide, as well as the improvement of existing efforts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Julia Canick
- Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Samantha Kaplan
- Duke University Medical Center Library, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Walter T Lee
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery & Communication Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Leversedge C, Castro S, Appiani LMC, Kamal R, Shapiro L. Patient Follow-up After Orthopaedic Outreach Trips - Do We Know Whether Patients are Improving? World J Surg 2022; 46:2299-2309. [PMID: 35764890 PMCID: PMC9436850 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-022-06630-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background The burden of traumatic musculoskeletal injuries falls greatest on low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). To help address this burden, organizations host over 6,000 outreach trips annually, 20% of which are orthopaedic. Monitoring post-surgical outcomes is critical to ensuring care quality; however, the implementation of such monitoring is unknown. The purpose of this review is to identify published follow-up practices of short-term orthopaedic surgery outreach trips to LMICs.
Methods We completed a systematic review of Pubmed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and ProQuest following PRISMA guidelines. Follow-up method, rate, duration, and types of outcomes measured along with barriers to follow-up were collected and reported. Results The initial search yielded 1,452 articles, 18 of which were eligible. The mean follow-up time was 5.4 months (range: 15 days-7 years). The mean follow-up rate was 65.8% (range: 22%-100%), the weighted rate was 57.5%. Fifteen studies reported follow-up at or after 3 months while eight studies reported follow-up at or after 9 months. Fifteen studies reported follow-up in person, three reported follow-up via phone call or SMS. Outcome reporting varied among mortality, complications, and patient-reported outcomes. The majority (75%) outlined barriers to follow-up, most commonly noting transportation and costs of follow-up to the patient. Conclusions There is minimal and heterogeneous public reporting of patient outcomes and follow-up after outreach trips to LMICs, limiting quality assessment and improvement. Future work should address the design and implementation of tools and guidelines to improve follow-up as well as outcome measurement to ensure provision of high-quality care. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00268-022-06630-w.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea Leversedge
- Stanford School of Medicine Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, VOICES Health Policy Research Center, 450 Broadway St, Redwood City, CA 94306 USA
| | - Samuel Castro
- Stanford School of Medicine, 291 Campus Drive, Palo Alto, CA 94305 USA
| | - Luis Miguel Castro Appiani
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hospital Clinica Biblica Aveinda, 14 Calle 1 Y Central, San José, Costa Rica USA
| | - Robin Kamal
- Stanford School of Medicine Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, VOICES Health Policy Research Center, 450 Broadway St, Redwood City, CA 94306 USA
| | - Lauren Shapiro
- School of Medicine Department of Orthopaedics, University of California San Francisco, 1500 Owens Street, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Jindal RM, Baines LS, Mehjabeen D. Reimagining diaspora diplomacy during the COVID-19 crisis in India. Int Health 2022; 15:93-100. [PMID: 35460224 PMCID: PMC9808521 DOI: 10.1093/inthealth/ihac019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diasporas are organized groups motivated by common cultural, ideological, political and religious values and common concerns for their countries of origin. Diaspora diplomacy has gained prominence worldwide, particularly in India, spurred by harrowing images of deaths and devastation due to the COVID-19 pandemic. A new generation of diaspora professionals modeled as social entrepreneurs uses collaborative and non-profit models to establish relationships with their counterparts to facilitate medical services and research. Teleradiology and telepsychiatry facilitate communication between diaspora members and their counterparts. We propose a common telehealth platform to standardize advice given by the Indian diaspora in the Global North as protocols change rapidly in acute pandemics. Consideration should be given to the well-known digital divide in India and other low- and middle-income countries. We advocate for diaspora members to train themselves in the art of global health diplomacy, to promote transparency and accountability in the collection of funds and a mandatory provision of outcome measurement by independent monitors rather than through social media. In the long run, Indian-Americans should play an active role in strengthening the domain of public health, which has historically been neglected in India, by focusing on the country's long-term infrastructure needs. The lessons learned from various diaspora efforts should be independently evaluated and recorded as best practice for future pandemics and humanitarian crises.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lyndsay S Baines
- Department of Health & Social Care, Anglia Ruskin University, London EC1N 6RA, UK,Global Health Diplomacy Working Group, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 2JD, UK
| | - Deena Mehjabeen
- Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith NSW 2751, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Lyons S, Xu AL, Durand WM, Patel S, Oni JK, Babu JM. The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Functionality of International Surgical Volunteer Organizations. Front Surg 2022; 9:868023. [PMID: 35465436 PMCID: PMC9019131 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.868023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundSurgical volunteer organizations have been severely limited during the ongoing coronavirus disease pandemic. Our purpose was to identify obstacles to surgical volunteer organizations secondary to COVID-19 and their responses.MethodsForty-one surgical volunteer organizations participated in a web-based survey (156 invited, 26% response rate). Respondents were separated into two groups: low donations surgical volunteer organizations (≤50% donations of previous year; n = 17) and high donations surgical volunteer organizations (≥75%; n = 24). Univariate analyses were used to compare the two cohorts.ResultsOf responding surgical volunteer organizations, 34 (83%) were unable to maintain full functionality due to COVID-19; 27% of high donations vs. 0% of low donations surgical volunteer organizations (p = 0.02). The three leading obstacles were finances/donations (78%), fewer volunteers (38%), and inadequate personal protective equipment (30%). In response, 39% of surgical volunteer organizations developed novel E-volunteering opportunities. For support, 85% of surgical volunteer organizations suggested monetary donations, 78% promotion through social media platforms, and 54% donation of personal protective equipment.ConclusionThe majority of surgical volunteer organizations were unable to maintain full functionality due to stressors caused by COVID-19, including limitations on finances, volunteers, and personal protective equipment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Spencer Lyons
- The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Amy L. Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- *Correspondence: Amy L. Xu
| | - Wesley M. Durand
- Department of Orthopaedics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Shyam Patel
- The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Julius K. Oni
- Department of Orthopaedics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Jacob M. Babu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kimia R, Thom DH, Dinh PT, Hung PT, Van Son N, Nguyen PD. Epidemiology of Craniofacial Pathology in Northern Vietnam Using Digital Platforms: Utilization of Electronic Medical Records and an SMS-Based Reporting System in a Low-Middle Income Country. Ann Plast Surg 2021; 87:343-347. [PMID: 33833162 DOI: 10.1097/sap.0000000000002836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Current disease surveillance in Vietnam relies on underdeveloped electronic medical record (EMR) systems, which are insufficient for timely standardized data collection about craniofacial and cleft pathologies. Concurrently, the World Bank reports Vietnamese mobile cellular subscription rates (per 100 people) of 128, some of the highest in the world. Herein, we discuss the development of a short messaging service (SMS)-based surveillance system based in Hanoi, Vietnam, and its utility in contrast to an EMR-based approach to craniofacial epidemiology study. METHODS Vietnam National Children's Hospital (VNCH) is a pediatric tertiary care center serving approximately 12 million children. Four plastic surgeons were trained in SMS data entry. The SMS database was designed using FrontlineSMS, a 2-way mobile gateway software application with automated messaging capabilities. The VNCH EMR database was queried for individual demographic data for patients seen by the department from 2010 to 2019. RESULTS A corrected prevalence for cleft lip and palate of 0.098% (1 in 1020 live births) was calculated based on EMR data. Six rural provinces greater than 150 km from Hanoi were found to be significantly (P < 0.01) underserved surgically by the VNCH. A significantly (P < 0.01) higher rate of Pierre Robin in Lang Son province and facial clefts in Ha Tinh province were identified. The prospective data collection system received 7 patient data sets over 4 months, resulting in a capture rate of 2.9%. CONCLUSIONS This feasibility study offers valuable insight into the true cleft and craniofacial prevalence in Vietnam and alternative methods to study in low- and middle-income countries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rotem Kimia
- From the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Dang Hoang Thom
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Vietnam National Children's Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Phuong Tran Dinh
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Vietnam National Children's Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Pham Tuan Hung
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Vietnam National Children's Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Van Son
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Vietnam National Children's Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Phuong D Nguyen
- Division of Pediatric Plastic Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Affiliation(s)
- Rahul M Jindal
- USU-Walter Reed Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kisa P, Scotland K, Afshar K, MacNeily AE. Surveying unmet pediatric urological needs in low- and middle-income countries. J Pediatr Urol 2021; 17:171.e1-171.e9. [PMID: 33546977 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2020.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Access to pediatric urological surgery is low in low-and-middle income countries (LMICs). Pediatric Urological missions have often been undertaken without best practice guidelines. Many strides have been made in pediatric general surgery and other surgery but little in pediatric urology as a component of global surgery. STUDY AIMS The purpose of this study was to identify challenges to delivery of pediatric urological care in LMICs and make recommendations for its advancement. STUDY DESIGN An internet search for reports and websites was undertaken. Published surveys from Global Initiative for Children Surgery (GICS) and American Pediatric Surgical Association (APSA) were evaluated. We developed and administered an additional questionnaire. Respondents included LMIC pediatric surgeons, HIC pediatric surgeons and HIC pediatric urologists and LMIC urologists and general surgeons. RESULTS Most global surgical visits were short one-time visit, and respondents citing complex pediatric urologic patients as most neglected in LMICs with the main challenge reported as a lack of specialist surgeons, poor communication between groups and poor infrastructure. Local specialist training was universally recommended as the most effective way to address unmet needs, although the form of training was not clear. DISCUSSION Most published work has looked at global general surgery or pediatric general surgery [1][2][3][6][8][11][13] but little on pediatric urology. Most of the information provided was blog posts of social engagements but rarely did these websites provide information on the surgical experience, challenges and solutions gleaned overtime[41][43][44][45][56] It is recognised by pediatric urologists, general urologists and pediatric surgeons that complex urologic anomalies are the most neglected among children's surgical conditions with a higher disability weight attributed to urologic conditions compared to anorectal conditions. [6][8][14][27][31][36][46], yet there's little expertise on ground and many challenges to its advancement. This study was limited by the number of questions we could explore due to the need to make questions fewer and more concise. CONCLUSIONS Pediatric urological conditions remain among the most neglected in global surgery. Current missions face significant challenges that may result in suboptimal outcomes. A comprehensive effort to establish guidelines for these missions is imperative.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Phyllis Kisa
- Division of Pediatric Urology, Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Canada; Department of Surgery, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
| | - Kymora Scotland
- Department of Urology, University of California Los Angeles, USA
| | - Kourosh Afshar
- Division of Pediatric Urology, Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Canada
| | - Andrew E MacNeily
- Division of Pediatric Urology, Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Veerappan VR, Jindal RM. Community participation in global surgery. BMJ Glob Health 2021; 6:e005044. [PMID: 33827792 PMCID: PMC8031061 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2021-005044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rahul M Jindal
- Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Fenton KN, Novick WM, Entwistle JW, Moffatt-Bruce SD, Sade RM. Global health initiatives in cardiothoracic surgery: ethical considerations and guidelines. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2021; 59:4-7. [PMID: 33064146 DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezaa213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen N Fenton
- Advanced Technologies and Surgery Branch, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Department of Bioethics, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.,William Novick Global Cardiac Alliance, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - William M Novick
- William Novick Global Cardiac Alliance, Memphis, TN, USA.,University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Global Surgery Institute, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - John W Entwistle
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Susan D Moffatt-Bruce
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Robert M Sade
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Institute of Human Values in Health Care, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Bradley D, Honeyman C, Patel V, Zeolla J, Lester L, Eshete M, Demissie Y, Martin D, McGurk M. Smartphones can be used for patient follow-up after a surgical mission treating complex head and neck disfigurement in Ethiopia: Results from a prospective pilot study. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2020; 74:890-930. [PMID: 33189622 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2020.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D Bradley
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire, Clifford Bridge Road, Coventry, CV2 2DX, United Kingdom.
| | - C Honeyman
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - V Patel
- Oral Surgery Department, Guys Dental Institute, Guys & St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - J Zeolla
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - L Lester
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
| | - M Eshete
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Y Demissie
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - D Martin
- 35 avenue des pins 13013, Marseille, France
| | - M McGurk
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University College London Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
|
19
|
International Cleft Surgery Educational Initiatives: Ethical Challenges and Solutions. J Craniofac Surg 2020; 31:2379-2380. [PMID: 33136899 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000007041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
|
20
|
Fenton KN, Novick WM, Entwistle JW, Moffatt-Bruce SD, Sade RM. Global health initiatives in cardiothoracic surgery: Ethical considerations and guidelines. Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann 2020:218492320974504. [PMID: 33124437 DOI: 10.1177/0218492320974504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen N Fenton
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Advanced Technologies and Surgery Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
- Department of Bioethics, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
- William Novick Global Cardiac Alliance, Memphis, Tenn
| | - William M Novick
- William Novick Global Cardiac Alliance, Memphis, Tenn
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Global Surgery Institute, Memphis, Tenn
| | - John W Entwistle
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Susan D Moffatt-Bruce
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Robert M Sade
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Institute of Human Values in Health Care, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Fenton KN, Novick WM, Entwistle JW, Moffatt-Bruce SD, Sade RM. Global health initiatives in cardiothoracic surgery: Ethical considerations and guidelines. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2020; 161:2114-2118. [PMID: 33077177 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2020.05.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen N Fenton
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Advanced Technologies and Surgery Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Md; Department of Bioethics, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md; William Novick Global Cardiac Alliance, Memphis, Tenn
| | - William M Novick
- William Novick Global Cardiac Alliance, Memphis, Tenn; University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Global Surgery Institute, Memphis, Tenn
| | - John W Entwistle
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Susan D Moffatt-Bruce
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Robert M Sade
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Institute of Human Values in Health Care, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC.
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Fenton KN, Novick WM, Entwistle JW, Moffatt-Bruce SD, Sade RM. Global Health Initiatives in Cardiothoracic Surgery: Ethical Considerations and Guidelines. Ann Thorac Surg 2020; 111:24-28. [PMID: 33077169 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2020.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen N Fenton
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Advanced Technologies and Surgery Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland; Department of Bioethics, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; William Novick Global Cardiac Alliance, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - William M Novick
- William Novick Global Cardiac Alliance, Memphis, Tennessee; University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Global Surgery Institute, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - John W Entwistle
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Susan D Moffatt-Bruce
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Robert M Sade
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Institute of Human Values in Health Care, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina.
| | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Bernstein DN, Agarwal-Harding KJ, Dyer GSM, Rozental TD. Outcomes Measurement in Global Hand Surgery. J Hand Surg Am 2020; 45:865-868. [PMID: 32650956 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhsa.2020.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The global burden of musculoskeletal trauma is high. There is a need to improve access to safe, high-quality surgery in many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Numerous initiatives have taken aim at solving this underlying shortage in surgical care, including mission trips, academic programs, and international collaborations. However, much work remains to be done in LMICs compared with high-income countries (HICs). In HICs, the field of hand surgery has grown partially owing to the rigorous application of clinical research to examine outcomes and determine best practices. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) have a key role as a valid patient-centered method of capturing symptoms and well-being. They have substantial promise in LMICs to understand patient symptom severity and quality of life better, monitor treatment success or failure, determine cost-effectiveness of procedures, and guide capacity building. Contextually appropriate PROMs can improve routine follow-up in LMICs and advance the practice and study of hand surgery worldwide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kiran J Agarwal-Harding
- Harvard Global Orthopaedics Collaborative, Harvard Combined Orthopaedic Residency Program, Boston, MA
| | - George S M Dyer
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Uche EO, Mezue WC, Ajuzieogu O, Amah CC, Onyia E, Iloabachie I, Ryttlefors M, Tisell M. Improving capacity and access to neurosurgery in sub-Saharan Africa using a twinning paradigm pioneered by the Swedish African Neurosurgical Collaboration. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2020; 162:973-981. [PMID: 31902003 DOI: 10.1007/s00701-019-04207-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The unmet need for neurosurgery in sub-Saharan Africa is staggering. Resolving this requires strategies that synergize salient local resources with tailored foreign help. This study is a trial of a twinning model adopted by the Swedish African Neurosurgical Collaboration (SANC). METHODS A multi-step neurosurgical twinning technique, International Neurosurgical Twinning Modeled for Africa (INTIMA), developed through a collaboration between African and Swedish neurosurgical teams was adopted for a neurosurgical mission in March 2019. The pioneering steps are evaluated together with data of treated patients prospectively acquired using SPSS Chicago Inc., Version 23. Associations were analyzed using chi-square tests, while inferences were evaluated at 95% level of significance. RESULTS The SANC global neurosurgery mission targeted microsurgical brain tumor resection. Fifty-five patients were operated on during the mission and subsequent 3 months. Patients' ages ranged from 3 months to 69 years with a mean of 30.6 ± 2.1 years 95% CL. Seven cases were performed during the first mission, while 48 were performed after the mission. Compared to 3 months before SANC when only 9 brain tumors were resected, more tumors were resected (n = 25) within the 3 consecutive months from the mission (X2 = 14.2, DF = 1, P = 0.000). Thirty-day mortality following tumor resection was also lower, X2 = 4.8, DF = 1, P = 0.028. CONCLUSION Improvements in capacity and short-term outcome define our initial pioneering application of a neurosurgical twinning paradigm pioneered by SANC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enoch O Uche
- Neurosurgery unit, Department of Surgery, University of Nigeria Ituku/Ozalla Campus, Enugu, Nigeria.
- University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital , Ituku/Ozalla Enugu, 40001, Nigeria.
| | - Wilfred C Mezue
- Neurosurgery unit, Department of Surgery, University of Nigeria Ituku/Ozalla Campus, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Obinna Ajuzieogu
- Department of Anaesthesia, University of Nigeria Ituku/Ozalla Campus , Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Christopher C Amah
- University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital , Ituku/Ozalla Enugu, 40001, Nigeria
| | - Ephraim Onyia
- Neurosurgery unit, Department of Surgery, University of Nigeria Ituku/Ozalla Campus, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Izuchukwu Iloabachie
- Neurosurgery unit, Department of Surgery, University of Nigeria Ituku/Ozalla Campus, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Mats Ryttlefors
- Department of Neurosurgery, Uppsala University Hospital, 751.85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Magnus Tisell
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Crockett CJ, Zeigler LN, Kynes JM, Lawson KC, Figueroa LI, Hayes CB, Samen CDK, McQueen KA. A prospective observational study of postoperative follow-ups and outcomes at a nonprofit, internationally supported pediatric surgery center in Guatemala. Paediatr Anaesth 2020; 30:469-479. [PMID: 31976589 DOI: 10.1111/pan.13830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Global surgical access is unequally distributed, with the greatest surgical burden in low- and middle-income countries, where surgical care is often supplemented by nongovernmental organizations. Quality data from organizations providing this care are rarely collected or reported. The Moore Pediatric Surgery Center in Guatemala City, Guatemala, is unique in that it offers a permanently staffed, freestanding pediatric surgical center. Visiting surgical teams supplement the local permanent staff by providing a broad range of pediatric subspecialty surgical and anesthesia care. AIM The aim of this study was to collect and report the incidence of completed postoperative follow-up visits and outcome measures at this nonprofit, internationally supported surgery center. METHODS De-identified demographic and postoperative outcome data were collected from each routinely scheduled, one-week pediatric surgical mission trip and incorporated into an electronic data collection system. Emphasis was placed on identification of completed postoperative visits and associated perioperative complications. After 27 months of data collection, results were analyzed to identify and quantify trends in patient follow-ups and postoperative outcomes. RESULTS Over 27 months, 1639 pediatric surgical procedures were performed and included in data analysis. The percentage of completed postoperative day-1 follow-up visits was 99.1%, and seven complications were identified out of these 1624 cases (postoperative complication rate of 0.4%). The percentage of completed first postoperative visits after discharge was 93.3%, and 67 complications were identified out of these 1530 cases (postoperative complication rate of 4.4%). CONCLUSION Our data show a high rate of postoperative follow-up visits completed and low perioperative complication rates similar to those of high-income countries. Our data suggest that The Moore Surgery Center model of care offers an alternative to the short-term visiting surgical model by incorporating the local system and allows for improved follow-up, outcomes analysis, and high quality of care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christy J Crockett
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Laura N Zeigler
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - James M Kynes
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Katheryne C Lawson
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Caleb B Hayes
- Pathology Department, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Christelle D K Samen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kelly A McQueen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.,Vanderbilt Institute for Global Health, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Kudsk-Iversen S, Trelles M, Ngowa Bakebaanitsa E, Hagabimana L, Momen A, Helmand R, Saint Victor C, Shah K, Masu A, Kendell J, Edgcombe H, English M. Anaesthesia care providers employed in humanitarian settings by Médecins Sans Frontières: a retrospective observational study of 173 084 surgical cases over 10 years. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e034891. [PMID: 32139492 PMCID: PMC7059447 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-034891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the extent to which different categories of anaesthesia provider are used in humanitarian surgical projects and to explore the volume and nature of their surgical workload. DESIGN Descriptive analysis using 10 years (2008-2017) of routine case-level data linked with routine programme-level data from surgical projects run exclusively by Médecins Sans Frontières-Operational Centre Brussels (MSF-OCB). SETTING Projects were in contexts of natural disaster (ND, entire expatriate team deployed by MSF-OCB), active conflict (AC) and stable healthcare gaps (HG). In AC and HG settings, MSF-OCB support pre-existing local facilities. Hospital facilities ranged from basic health centres with surgical capabilities to tertiary referral centres. PARTICIPANTS The full dataset included 178 814 surgical cases. These were categorised by most senior anaesthetic provider for the project, according to qualification: specialist physician anaesthesiologists, qualified nurse anaesthetists and uncertified anaesthesia providers. PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURE Volume and nature of surgical workload of different anaesthesia providers. RESULTS Full routine data were available for 173 084 cases (96.8%): 2518 in ND, 42 225 in AC, 126 936 in HG. Anaesthesia was predominantly led by physician anaesthesiologists (100% in ND, 66% in AC and HG), then nurse anaesthetists (19% in AC and HG) or uncertified anaesthesia providers (15% in AC and HG). Across all settings and provider groups, patients were mostly healthy young adults (median age range 24-27 years), with predominantly females in HG contexts, and males in AC contexts. Overall intra-operative mortality was 0.2%. CONCLUSION Our findings contribute to existing knowledge of the nature of anaesthetic provision in humanitarian settings, while demonstrating the value of high-quality, routine data collection at scale in this sector. Further evaluation of perioperative outcomes associated with different models of humanitarian anaesthetic provision is required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Søren Kudsk-Iversen
- Nuffield Department of Anaesthetics, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - Miguel Trelles
- Operational Centre Brussels, Médecins Sans Frontières, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Elie Ngowa Bakebaanitsa
- Operational Centre Brussels, Médecins Sans Frontières, Bruxelles, Belgium
- Masisi Referral Hospital, Masisi-MSF Democratic Republic of the Congo mission, Masisi, The Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Longin Hagabimana
- Operational Centre Brussels, Médecins Sans Frontières, Bruxelles, Belgium
- Arche Trauma Hospital, Bujumbura-MSF Burundi mission, Bujumbura, Burundi
| | - Abdul Momen
- Operational Centre Brussels, Médecins Sans Frontières, Bruxelles, Belgium
- Khost Maternity, Khost-MSF Afghanistan mission, Khost, Afghanistan
| | - Rahmatullah Helmand
- Operational Centre Brussels, Médecins Sans Frontières, Bruxelles, Belgium
- Ahmad Shah Baba Hospital, Kabul-MSF Afghanistan mission, Kabul, Afghanistan
| | - Carline Saint Victor
- Operational Centre Brussels, Médecins Sans Frontières, Bruxelles, Belgium
- Tabarre Trauma Hospital, Port-au-Prince-MSF Haiti mission, Port-au-Prince, Haiti
| | - Khalid Shah
- Operational Centre Brussels, Médecins Sans Frontières, Bruxelles, Belgium
- Timurgara District Headquarter Hospital, Timurgara-MSF Pakistan mission, Timurgara, Pakistan
| | - Adolphe Masu
- Operational Centre Brussels, Médecins Sans Frontières, Bruxelles, Belgium
- Arche Trauma Hospital, Bujumbura-MSF Burundi mission, Bujumbura, Burundi
- Khost Maternity, Khost-MSF Afghanistan mission, Khost, Afghanistan
- Castors Maternity, Bangui-MSF Central African Republic mission, Bangui, Central African Republic
| | - Judith Kendell
- Operational Centre Brussels, Médecins Sans Frontières, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Hilary Edgcombe
- Nuffield Department of Anaesthetics, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - Mike English
- Health Services Unit, KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Nairobi, Kenya
- Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Long-Term Follow-Up of Humanitarian Surgeries: Outcomes and Patient Satisfaction in Rural Ghana. J Surg Res 2020; 246:106-112. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2019.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
28
|
Patient Experience and Outcomes of the Locally Organized ApriDec Medical Outreach Group. World J Surg 2019; 44:1039-1044. [PMID: 31848675 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-019-05288-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Access to safe and effective surgery is limited in low and middle-income countries. Short-term surgical missions are a common platform to provide care, but the few published outcomes suggest unacceptable morbidity and mortality. We sought to study the safety and effectiveness of the ApriDec Medical Outreach Group (AMOG). METHODS Data from the December 2017 and April 2018 outreaches were prospectively collected. Patient demographics, characteristics of surgery, complications of surgery, and patient quality of life were collected preoperatively and on postoperative days 15 and 30. Data were analyzed to determine complication rates and trends in quality of life. RESULTS 260/278 (93.5%) of patients completed a 30-day follow-up. Of these, surgical site infection was the most common complication (8.0%), followed by hematoma (4.1%). Rates of urinary tract infection were 1.2% while all other complications occurred in less than 1% of patients. There were no mortalities. With increasing time after surgery (0 to 15 days to 30 days), there was a significant improvement across each of the dimensions of quality of life (p < 0.001). All patients reported satisfaction with their procedure. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that the care provided by AMOG group to the underserved populations of northern Ghana, yielded complication rates similar to others in low-resourced communities, leading to improved quality of life.
Collapse
|
29
|
Isaacson G, Doyle W, Summer D. Reducing Surgical Site Infections During Otolaryngology Surgical Missions. Laryngoscope 2019; 130:1388-1395. [PMID: 31755991 DOI: 10.1002/lary.28418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine what measures an otolaryngology-head and neck surgery team might adopt to decrease the incidence of surgical site infection (SSI) on a short-term surgical mission. Despite concerns about safety and efficacy, short-term surgical missions remain the predominant structure for humanitarian surgical care in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). Hospitals in high-income countries strive to improve surgical outcomes through implementation of World Health Organization (WHO) safe surgery guidelines. Reduction of SSI risk is a key part of this effort. METHODS Literature review and practical experience. RESULTS WHO recommendations for reducing SSI are based largely on research done in the North America and Europe. LMIC populations are younger; comorbidities are fewer; infectious disease and trauma are prevalent; and delays in access to care are common. SSI are much more frequent in resource-limited settings. Recommendations regarding preoperative assessment, operating room environment, instrument sterilization, surgical antibiotic prophylaxis, surgical site preparation, gloving, draping, and postsurgical care are reviewed in the context of a surgical mission at a typical LMIC government hospital. CONCLUSION Many of the WHO guidelines on reduction of SSI are logical and applicable to the short-term surgical missions; others may need to be modified. Careful prospective data collection and clinical trials are needed to learn which interventions are valid and which should be changed. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 5 Laryngoscope, 130:1388-1395, 2020.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Glenn Isaacson
- Departments of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery and Pediatrics, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.A
| | - Winifred Doyle
- Departments of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery and Pediatrics, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.A
| | - Deborah Summer
- Departments of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery and Pediatrics, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.A
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Developing a Sustainable Renal Transplant Program in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Outcome, Challenges, and Solutions. World J Surg 2019; 43:2658-2665. [DOI: 10.1007/s00268-019-05093-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
|