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Sukphokkit S, Kiatwuthinon P, Kumkate S, Janvilisri T. Distinct cholangiocarcinoma cell migration in 2D monolayer and 3D spheroid culture based on galectin-3 expression and localization. Front Oncol 2023; 12:999158. [PMID: 36713574 PMCID: PMC9881414 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.999158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is difficult to cure due to its ineffective treatment and advanced stage diagnosis. Thoroughly mechanistic understandings of CCA pathogenesis crucially help improving the treatment success rates. Using three-dimensional (3D) cell culture platform offers several advantages over a traditional two-dimensional (2D) culture as it resembles more closely to in vivo tumor. Methods Here, we aimed to establish the 3D CCA spheroids with lowly (KKU-100) and highly (KKU-213A) metastatic potentials to investigate the CCA migratory process and its EMT-associated galectin-3 in the 3D setting. Results and discussion Firstly, the growth of lowly metastatic KKU-100 cells was slower than highly metastatic KKU-213A cells in both 2D and 3D systems. Hollow formation was observed exclusively inside the KKU-213A spheroids, not in KKU-100. Additionally, the migration activity of KKU-213A cells was higher than that of KKU-100 cells in both 2D and 3D systems. Besides, altered expression of galectin-3 were observed across all CCA culture conditions with substantial relocalization from inside the 2D cells to the border of spheroids in the 3D system. Notably, the CCA migration was inversely proportional to the galectin-3 expression in the 3D culture, but not in the 2D setting. This suggests the contribution of culture platforms to the alternation of the CCA cell migration process. Conclusions Thus, our data revealed that 3D culture of CCA cells was phenotypically distinct from 2D culture and pointed to the superiority of using the 3D culture model for examining the CCA cellular mechanisms, providing knowledges that are better correlated with CCA phenotypes in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siriwat Sukphokkit
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pichamon Kiatwuthinon
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Supeecha Kumkate
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Tavan Janvilisri
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand,*Correspondence: Tavan Janvilisri,
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Singh Bhangu J, Macher-Beer A, Schimek V, Garmroudi B, Tamandl D, Unger LW, Bachleitner-Hofmann T, Oehler R. Circulating caspase-cleaved cytokeratin 18 correlates with tumour burden and response to therapy in patients with colorectal cancer liver metastasis. Clin Chim Acta 2023; 538:53-59. [PMID: 36375525 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Systemic chemotherapy followed by hepatic resection is the treatment of choice for patients with colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRCLM) but reliable biomarkers predicting response to therapy are needed. Spontaneous apoptosis of single tumour cells is common in CRCLM. We explored the potential of circulating apoptosis markers to predict treatment response. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty-eight patients with CRCLM or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were included in this study. Tumour tissue and blood samples were obtained before and after initiation of chemotherapy. Immunohistochemistry and ELISA assays were utilized to quantify the apoptosis marker caspase-cleaved cytokeratin 18 (M30) in tissue and circulation. RESULTS CRCLM tissues showed more apoptotic tumour cells than HCC, or healthy liver. This was associated with elevated levels of circulating M30 (median = 244 U/l vs. 37 U/l in healthy controls, p = 0.009) which correlated with tumour volume (r2 = 0.92). Patients with progressive disease during chemotherapy showed higher M30 levels before therapy than responders (745 U/l vs. 136 U/l, p = 0.016). The predictive potential of M30 was higher than that of the tumour markers CA19-9 or CEA (AUC: 0.93, 0.63, and 0.78, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Apoptotic tumour cells release cellular debris into the circulation, which provides information about tumour size and vitality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagdeep Singh Bhangu
- Department of General Surgery, Division of Visceral Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Vanessa Schimek
- Department of General Surgery, Division of Visceral Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Bastian Garmroudi
- Department of General Surgery, Division of Visceral Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Dietmar Tamandl
- Department of Radiology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Lukas W Unger
- Department of General Surgery, Division of Visceral Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Rudolf Oehler
- Department of General Surgery, Division of Visceral Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.
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Yokoyama S, Watanabe T, Fujita Y, Matsumura S, Ueda K, Nagano S, Kinoshita I, Murakami D, Tabata H, Tsuji T, Ozawa S, Tamaki T, Nakatani Y, Oka M. Histology of metastatic colorectal cancer in a lymph node. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0284536. [PMID: 37053292 PMCID: PMC10101456 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0284536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A primary colorectal cancer (CRC) tumor can contain heterogeneous cancer cells. As clones of cells with different properties metastasize to lymph nodes (LNs), they could show different morphologies. Cancer histologies in LNs of CRC remains to be described. METHODS Our study enrolled 318 consecutive patients with CRC who underwent primary tumor resection with lymph node dissection between January 2011 and June 2016. 119 (37.4%) patients who had metastatic LNs (mLNs) were finally included in this study. Cancer histologies in LNs were classified and compared with pathologically diagnosed differentiation in the primary lesion. The association between histologies in lymph node metastasis (LNM) and prognosis in patients with CRC was investigated. RESULTS The histologies of the cancer cells in the mLNs were classified into four types: tubular, cribriform, poorly differentiated, and mucinous. Same degree of pathologically diagnosed differentiation in the primary tumor produced various histological types in LNM. In Kaplan-Meier analysis, prognosis was worse in CRC patients with moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma who had at least some mLN also showing cribriform carcinoma than for those whose mLNs all showed tubular carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS Histology in LNM from CRC might indicate the heterogeneity and malignant phenotype of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shozo Yokoyama
- Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Minami Wakayama Medical Center, Tanabe, Japan
| | - Takashi Watanabe
- Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Minami Wakayama Medical Center, Tanabe, Japan
| | - Yoichi Fujita
- Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Minami Wakayama Medical Center, Tanabe, Japan
| | - Shuichi Matsumura
- Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Minami Wakayama Medical Center, Tanabe, Japan
| | - Katsuya Ueda
- Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Minami Wakayama Medical Center, Tanabe, Japan
| | - Shotaro Nagano
- Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Minami Wakayama Medical Center, Tanabe, Japan
| | - Ikuharu Kinoshita
- Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Minami Wakayama Medical Center, Tanabe, Japan
| | - Daisuke Murakami
- Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Minami Wakayama Medical Center, Tanabe, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Tabata
- Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Minami Wakayama Medical Center, Tanabe, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Tsuji
- Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Minami Wakayama Medical Center, Tanabe, Japan
| | - Satoru Ozawa
- Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Minami Wakayama Medical Center, Tanabe, Japan
| | - Takuya Tamaki
- Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Minami Wakayama Medical Center, Tanabe, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Nakatani
- Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Minami Wakayama Medical Center, Tanabe, Japan
| | - Masami Oka
- Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Minami Wakayama Medical Center, Tanabe, Japan
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Wimmer K, Sachet M, Oehler R. Circulating biomarkers of cell death. Clin Chim Acta 2019; 500:87-97. [PMID: 31655053 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Numerous disease states are associated with cell death. For many decades, apoptosis and accidental necrosis have been assumed to be the two ways how a cell can die. The recent discovery of additional cell death processes such as necroptosis, ferroptosis or pyroptosis revealed a complex interplay between cell death mechanisms and diseases. Depending on the particular cell death pathway, cells secrete distinct molecular patterns, which differ between cell death types. This review focusses on released molecules, detectable in the blood flow, and their potential role as circulating biomarkers of cell death. We elucidate the molecular background of different biomarkers and give an overview on their correlation with disease stage, therapy response and prognosis in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Wimmer
- Department of Surgery and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Monika Sachet
- Department of Surgery and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Rudolf Oehler
- Department of Surgery and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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Pavlou M, Shah M, Gikas P, Briggs T, Roberts S, Cheema U. Osteomimetic matrix components alter cell migration and drug response in a 3D tumour-engineered osteosarcoma model. Acta Biomater 2019; 96:247-257. [PMID: 31302294 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma management continues to lack the appropriate prognostic tools to assign personalised treatment. This leaves non-responders to standard care vulnerable to recurring disease and pulmonary metastases. Developing 3D in vitro disease models to serve as a test bed for personalised treatment is a promising approach to address this issue. This study describes the generation of 3D osteosarcoma models termed "tumouroids", which are geometrically compartmentalised to reproduce the bone cancer mass and its surrounding. Although the tumour microenvironment impacts osteosarcoma in many ways, this model focussed on interrogating the influence of a biomimetic matrix on tumour cell behaviour. The 3D matrix was supplemented with the bone-marrow proteins laminin, fibronectin and NuOss® bone granules. This led to increased invasion of osteosarcoma cell aggregates from within the bone-like matrix into the surrounding acellular bone marrow-like ECM. The presence of bone granules also yielded an atypical molecular profile of osteosarcoma cells, suggesting malignant metabolic reprogramming. Changes include decreased MMP-9 (p < 0.05) and increased PTEN (p < 0.05), MCP-1 (p < 0.01) and MCT-4 (p < 0.05) gene expression. This complex 3D biomimetic composition also changed cellular responses to doxorubicin, a common chemotherapeutic agent used to treat osteosarcoma, and reproduced key issues of in vivo treatment like drug penetrance and doxorubicin-induced bone toxicity. This work highlights the importance of a biomimetic matrix in 3D osteosarcoma models for both basic and translational research. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This study describes the generation of 3D osteosarcoma models termed "tumouroids", which are geometrically compartmentalised to reproduce the bone cancer mass and its environment. Utilising this novel model, specific parameters of osteosarcoma growth and invasion were investigated. Osteosarcoma cell lines proliferate at a slower rate, exhibit malignant metabolic reprogramming, and respond to drug intervention at lower concentrations of doxorubicin hydrochloride in matrix-complex compared to basic tumouroids. As such, this study provides evidence that the tumour microenvironment impacts osteosarcoma in many ways. The osteosarcoma tumouroid described herein may form the basis of a personalised-medicine strategy, which will allow the testing of drug effectiveness similar to that used for antibiotic selection for pathogenic bacteria.
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Takeuchi A, Yokoyama S, Nakamori M, Nakamura M, Ojima T, Yamaguchi S, Mitani Y, Shively JE, Yamaue H. Loss of CEACAM1 is associated with poor prognosis and peritoneal dissemination of patients with gastric cancer. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12702. [PMID: 31481751 PMCID: PMC6722051 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49230-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
CEACAM1 is associated with malignant potential of various cancers. The current study aims to clarify the association between carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1) expression and malignant potential of gastric cancer and to address whether CEACAM1 cytoplasmic domain isoform balance modulates the properties of gastric cancer cells. Immunohistochemical analyses for CEACAM1 were performed in 235 patients with gastric cancer who underwent surgery. Risk factors for overall survival and peritoneal metastasis were calculated based on CEACAM1 expression in the gastric cancer tissue. Patients with CEACAM1 long (CEACAM1-L) or short (CEACAM1-S) cytoplasmic isoform dominance were compared with patients with null CEACAM1 expression in terms of overall survival. CEACAM1 transfected or knockdown gastric cancer cell line, NUGC3 and MKN7 cells, were examined by invasion assay and three dimensional (3D) culture, in order to clarify whether CEACAM1 modulate invasion, lumen formation and tumor growth of gastric cancer cells. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that gastric cancer without CEACAM1 is an independent prognostic factor and a risk factor for peritoneal dissemination. Patients with CEACAM1-S dominance had better prognosis than those with CEACAM1-L. CEACAM1-4L overexpression induced less invasion, more lumen formation, and less tumor growth of NUGC3 cells. CEACAM1-4S overexpression had less invasion and more lumen formations, but not less tumor growth. Knockdown of CEACAM1 expression had less invasion, but not less lumen formations of MKN7 cells. Loss of CEACAM1 is associated with poor prognosis and peritoneal dissemination of patients with gastric cancer. Expression of CEACAM1 in gastric cancer cells modulates invasiveness, lumen formation, and tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Takeuchi
- Second Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, 641-8510, Japan
| | - Shozo Yokoyama
- Second Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, 641-8510, Japan.
| | - Mikihito Nakamori
- Second Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, 641-8510, Japan
| | - Masaki Nakamura
- Second Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, 641-8510, Japan
| | - Toshiyasu Ojima
- Second Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, 641-8510, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Yamaguchi
- Second Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, 641-8510, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Mitani
- Second Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, 641-8510, Japan
| | - John E Shively
- Department of Molecular Imaging & Therapy, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Hiroki Yamaue
- Second Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, 641-8510, Japan
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Yamaguchi S, Yokoyama S, Ueno M, Hayami S, Mitani Y, Takeuchi A, Shively JE, Yamaue H. CEACAM1 is associated with recurrence after hepatectomy for colorectal liver metastasis. J Surg Res 2017; 220:353-362. [PMID: 29180203 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2017.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1) is re-expressed at the invasion front of colorectal cancer. CEACAM1 expression at metastatic sites remains to be investigated. The current study aims to clarify the association between CEACAM1 expression and recurrence after hepatectomy of colorectal liver metastasis and to address whether CEACAM1 induces tumor-initiating properties needed for growth at metastatic sites. METHODS Immunohistochemical analyses for CEACAM1 were performed in 67 patients with liver metastasis of colorectal cancer who had undergone curative hepatectomy. The risk factors for postoperative recurrence were calculated based on a CEACAM1 cytoplasmic domain isoform at the primary tumor invasion front. To investigate the effects of CEACAM1 cytoplasmic isoforms on HT29 and HCT116 colorectal cancer cells, Western blotting for CD44 and CD133, flow cytometry for ALDH1 activity, and soft-agar colony formation assay were performed. RESULTS CEACAM1 long (CEACAM1-L) and short (CEACAM1-S) cytoplasmic domain isoforms are strongly expressed on cancer cells in the liver metastases. Enhanced CEACAM1-S expression in the state of CEACAM1-L dominance at the primary tumor invasion front was an independent factor for colorectal cancer recurrence after curative hepatectomy. CEACAM1-4S-transfected HT29 and HCT116 cells had significantly higher CD44 expression and ALDH1 activity and increased the growth in anchorage-independent condition. CONCLUSIONS High expression of CEACAM1-S at the primary lesion invasion front is associated with recurrence and prognosis of patients with colorectal liver metastasis after curative hepatectomy. The expression of CEACAM1-4S enhances the tumor-initiating property of colorectal cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Yamaguchi
- Second Department of Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, School of Medicine, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Shozo Yokoyama
- Second Department of Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, School of Medicine, Wakayama, Japan.
| | - Masaki Ueno
- Second Department of Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, School of Medicine, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Shinya Hayami
- Second Department of Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, School of Medicine, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Mitani
- Second Department of Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, School of Medicine, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Akihiro Takeuchi
- Second Department of Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, School of Medicine, Wakayama, Japan
| | - John E Shively
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Hiroki Yamaue
- Second Department of Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, School of Medicine, Wakayama, Japan
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Feng H, Ou BC, Zhao JK, Yin S, Lu AG, Oechsle E, Thasler WE. Homogeneous pancreatic cancer spheroids mimic growth pattern of circulating tumor cell clusters and macrometastases: displaying heterogeneity and crater-like structure on inner layer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2017; 143:1771-1786. [PMID: 28497169 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-017-2434-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Pancreatic cancer 3D in vitro models including multicellular tumor spheroid (MCTS), single cell-derived tumor spheroid (SCTS), tissue-derived tumor spheroid, and organotypic models provided powerful platforms to mimic in vivo tumor. Recent work supports that circulating tumor cell (CTC) clusters are more efficient in metastasis seeding than single CTCs. The purpose of this study is to establish 3D culture models which can mimic single CTC, monoclonal CTC clusters, and the expansion of macrometastases. METHODS Seven pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell lines were used to establish MCTS and SCTS using hanging drop and ultra-low attachment plates. Spheroid immunofluorescence staining, spheroid formation assay, immunoblotting, and literature review were performed to investigate molecular biomarkers and the morphological characteristics of pancreatic tumor spheroids. RESULTS Single cells experienced different growth patterns to form SCTS, like signet ring-like cells, blastula-like structures, and solid core spheroids. However, golf ball-like hollow spheroids could also be detected, especially when DanG and Capan-1 cells were cultivated with fibroblast-conditioned medium (p < 0.05). The size of golf ball-like hollow spheroids hardly grew after getting matured. Only DanG and Capan-1 could establish SCTS- and MCTS-derived hollow spheroids using hanging drop plates and ultra-low attachment plates. Other PDA cell lines could also establish tumor spheroid with hanging drop plates by adding methylated cellulose. Tumor spheroids derived from pancreatic cancer cell line DanG possessed asymmetrically distributed proliferation center, immune-checkpoint properties. ß-catenin, Ki-67, and F-actin were active surrounding the crater-like structure distributing on the inner layer of viable rim cover of the spheroids, which was relevant to well-differentiated tumor cells. CONCLUSIONS It is possible to establish 3D CTC cluster models from homogenous PDA cell lines using hanging drop and ultra-low attachment plates. PDA cell line displays its own intrinsic properties or heterogeneity. The mechanism of formation of the crater-like structure as well as golf ball-like structure needs further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Feng
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China. .,Medical Faculty, University Hospital of LMU Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany.
| | - Bao-Chi Ou
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing-Kun Zhao
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuai Yin
- Medical Faculty, University Hospital of LMU Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Ai-Guo Lu
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Eva Oechsle
- Medical Faculty, University Hospital of LMU Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany.,Eurofins BioPharma Product Testing Germany, 82152, Munich, Germany
| | - Wolfgang E Thasler
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Red Cross Hospital, 80634, Munich, Germany.
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P4H9-detected molecule expression on spindle-shaped fibroblasts indicates malignant phenotype of colorectal cancer. Br J Cancer 2015; 113:1454-9. [PMID: 26469833 PMCID: PMC4815886 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2015.363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Revised: 08/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Our previous study using a mammary fat pad mouse model showed that P4H9, produced by the β2 integrin epitope, detected a molecule on fibroblasts in response to carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1)-expressing cancer cells. P4H9-detected molecule (PDM) expression appeared to be associated with myofibroblast differentiation. In this study, we investigated whether PDM is expressed on fibroblasts and cancer cells in clinical tissue samples, and whether the presence of PDM-expressing colorectal cancer cells is correlated with clinicopathological features of patients. Methods: Immunohistochemistry was conducted to detect P4H9 on clinical tissue samples from 156 patients with colorectal cancer. Risk factors for metastases and survival were calculated for clinical implication of PDM-expressing spindle-shaped fibroblasts. Results: Multivariate analysis showed that PDM-expressing spindle-shaped fibroblasts were an independent risk factor for lymph node metastasis, hematogenous metastasis, and poor survival. A Kaplan–Meier survival curve indicated that PDM-expressing spindle-shaped fibroblasts were associated with shorter survival time (P<0.0001). Immunofluorescence showed PDM expression on CCD-18Co fibroblasts and two colorectal cancer cell lines (HCT116 and HCT-15). Conclusions: PDM-expressing spindle-shaped fibroblasts are associated with metastasis and shorter survival in colorectal cancer patients. PDM-expressing spindle-shaped fibroblasts may have a role in eliciting the malignant phenotype of colorectal cancer.
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Yamamoto N, Yokoyama S, Ieda J, Mitani Y, Yamaguchi S, Takifuji K, Hotta T, Matsuda K, Watanabe T, Shively JE, Yamaue H. CEACAM1 and hollow spheroid formation modulate the chemosensitivity of colorectal cancer to 5-fluorouracil. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2014; 75:421-30. [DOI: 10.1007/s00280-014-2662-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Kiriyama S, Yokoyama S, Ueno M, Hayami S, Ieda J, Yamamoto N, Yamaguchi S, Mitani Y, Nakamura Y, Tani M, Mishra L, Shively JE, Yamaue H. CEACAM1 long cytoplasmic domain isoform is associated with invasion and recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol 2014; 21 Suppl 4:S505-14. [PMID: 24390710 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-013-3460-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The two isoforms of carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1), 1 with a long cytoplasmic domain (CEACAM1-L) and 1 with a short (CEACAM1-S), are involved in different signaling pathways. β2-spectrin (β2SP) is an adaptor protein that plays critical roles in the proper control of Smad access to activate receptors involved in regulation of TGF-β signaling. In this study, we examined the association between CEACAM1 isoform balance and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) malignant potential and investigated the possibility of a molecular interaction between CEACAM1 and β2SP. METHODS Immunohistochemical analysis was carried out with CEACAM1-L or CEACAM1-S antibodies on 154 HCC tissues to correlate with the factors of malignancy. Invasion assay was performed for the effect of CEACAM1 expression on HCC cell lines. Moreover, immunohistochemical analysis and immunoprecipitation analysis were performed to investigate the association between CEACAM1 isoform balance and β2SP. RESULTS In immunohistochemical analysis, CEACAM1-L expression dominance was a risk factor for HCC recurrence (p = 0.04) and was significantly associated with a shorter survival compared with CEACAM1-S expression dominance. Invasion assay indicated that CEACAM1-4L-transfected HLF and PLC/PRF/5 cells showed significantly increased invasion (p < 0.0001) and CEACAM1-4S-transfected HLF cells showed significantly decreased invasion. Immunohistochemical analysis of β2SP suggested that the HCCs with CEACAM1-L-dominant expression were more strongly stained with β2SP than the HCCs with CEACAM1-S-dominant expression (p = 0.013), and coprecipitation assays indicated that CEACAM1-L could bind to β2SP. CONCLUSIONS CEACAM1-L may enhance the HCC invasiveness through an interaction with β2SP and subsequent effects on TGF-β signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigehisa Kiriyama
- Second Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
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Hatakeyama K, Wakabayashi-Nakao K, Ohshima K, Sakura N, Yamaguchi K, Mochizuki T. Novel protein isoforms of carcinoembryonic antigen are secreted from pancreatic, gastric and colorectal cancer cells. BMC Res Notes 2013; 6:381. [PMID: 24070190 PMCID: PMC3850884 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-6-381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 09/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5 (CEACAM5) is an oncofetal cell surface glycoprotein. Because of its high expression in cancer cells and secretion into serum, CEA has been widely used as a serum tumor marker. Although other members of CEACAM family were investigated for splice variants/variants-derived protein isoforms, few studies about the variants of CEACAM5 have been reported. In this study, we demonstrated the existence of novel CEACAM5 splice variants and splice variant-derived protein isoforms in gastrointestinal cancer cell lines. Results We identified two novel CEACAM5 splice variants in gastrointestinal (pancreatic, gastric, and colorectal) cancer cell lines. One of the variants possessed an alternative minor splice site that allowed generation of GC-AG intron. Furthermore, CEA protein isoforms derived from the novel splice variants were expressed in cancer cell lines and those protein isoforms were secreted into the culture medium. Although CEA protein isoforms always co-existed with the full-length protein, the secretion patterns of these isoforms did not correlate with the expression patterns. Conclusions This is the first study to identify the expression of CEA isoforms derived from the novel splice variants processed on the unique splice site. In addition, we also revealed the secretion of those isoforms from gastrointestinal cancer cell lines. Our findings suggested that discrimination between the full-length and identified protein isoforms may improve the clinical utility of CEA as a tumor marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Hatakeyama
- Medical Genetics Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, 1007 Shimonagakubo, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan.
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Fredebohm J, Boettcher M, Eisen C, Gaida MM, Heller A, Keleg S, Tost J, Greulich-Bode KM, Hotz-Wagenblatt A, Lathrop M, Giese NA, Hoheisel JD. Establishment and characterization of a highly tumourigenic and cancer stem cell enriched pancreatic cancer cell line as a well defined model system. PLoS One 2012; 7:e48503. [PMID: 23152778 PMCID: PMC3495919 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2012] [Accepted: 09/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Standard cancer cell lines do not model the intratumoural heterogeneity situation sufficiently. Clonal selection leads to a homogeneous population of cells by genetic drift. Heterogeneity of tumour cells, however, is particularly critical for therapeutically relevant studies, since it is a prerequisite for acquiring drug resistance and reoccurrence of tumours. Here, we report the isolation of a highly tumourigenic primary pancreatic cancer cell line, called JoPaca-1 and its detailed characterization at multiple levels. Implantation of as few as 100 JoPaca-1 cells into immunodeficient mice gave rise to tumours that were histologically very similar to the primary tumour. The high heterogeneity of JoPaca-1 was reflected by diverse cell morphology and a substantial number of chromosomal aberrations. Comparative whole-genome sequencing of JoPaca-1 and BxPC-3 revealed mutations in genes frequently altered in pancreatic cancer. Exceptionally high expression of cancer stem cell markers and a high clonogenic potential in vitro and in vivo was observed. All of these attributes make this cell line an extremely valuable model to study the biology of and pharmaceutical effects on pancreatic cancer.
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MESH Headings
- AC133 Antigen
- Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 Family
- Alleles
- Animals
- Antigens, CD/genetics
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic/pharmacology
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/genetics
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/genetics
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/pathology
- Deoxycytidine/analogs & derivatives
- Deoxycytidine/pharmacology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- GPI-Linked Proteins/genetics
- GPI-Linked Proteins/metabolism
- Genomic Instability
- Glycoproteins/genetics
- Glycoproteins/metabolism
- Humans
- Isoenzymes/genetics
- Isoenzymes/metabolism
- Keratins/genetics
- Keratins/metabolism
- Male
- Mesothelin
- Mice
- Middle Aged
- Mutation
- Neoplasm Metastasis
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/metabolism
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/genetics
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/metabolism
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology
- Peptides/genetics
- Peptides/metabolism
- Polyploidy
- Retinal Dehydrogenase/genetics
- Retinal Dehydrogenase/metabolism
- Transplantation, Heterologous
- Tumor Microenvironment
- Gemcitabine
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Fredebohm
- Functional Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.
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