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Sanchis-Gomar F, Lavie CJ, Marín J, Perez-Quilis C, Eijsvogels TMH, O'Keefe JH, Perez MV, Blair SN. Exercise Effects On Cardiovascular Disease: From Basic Aspects To Clinical Evidence. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 118:2253-2266. [PMID: 34478520 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular (CV) disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of major morbidity and CVD- and all-cause mortality in most of the world. It is now clear that regular physical activity (PA) and exercise training (ET) induces a wide range of direct and indirect physiologic adaptations and pleiotropic benefits for human general and CV health. Generally, higher levels of PA, ET, and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) are correlated with reduced risk of CVD, including myocardial infarction, CVD-related death, and all-cause mortality. Although exact details regarding the ideal doses of ET, including resistance and, especially, aerobic ET, as well as the potential adverse effects of extreme levels of ET, continue to be investigated, there is no question that most of the world's population have insufficient levels of PA/ET, and many also have lower than ideal levels of CRF. Therefore, assessment and promotion of PA, ET, and efforts to improve levels of CRF should be integrated into all health professionals' practices worldwide. In this state-of-the-art review, we discuss the exercise effects on many areas related to CVD, from basic aspects to clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Sanchis-Gomar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia and INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Valencia, Spain.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Carl J Lavie
- John Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute, Ochsner Clinical School, The University of Queensland School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Jorge Marín
- Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development Group, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Carme Perez-Quilis
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia and INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Valencia, Spain
| | - Thijs M H Eijsvogels
- Radboud Institute for Health Science, Department of Physiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - James H O'Keefe
- St. Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Marco V Perez
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Steven N Blair
- Department of Exercise Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, USA
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Osawa Y, Abe Y, Takayama M, Oguma Y, Arai Y. Physical activity and all-cause mortality and mediators of the association in the very old. Exp Gerontol 2021; 150:111374. [PMID: 33905878 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Physical activity (PA) confers protection to individuals from the risk of death. However, in the very old, the dose-response relationship between PA and all-cause mortality and the possible biological mediators of this association are less known. We investigated whether PA predicts 6-year all-cause mortality and what biomarkers mediate the association. DESIGN Prospective cohort data from the Tokyo Oldest Old Survey on Total Health study. SETTING Community-dwelling population. PARTICIPANTS A total of 441 women and men aged over 85 years. MEASUREMENTS Questionnaire-based PA was assessed at baseline and 3-year and 6-year follow-up visits. Survival status was confirmed up to the 6-year follow-up visit (153 deaths, 34.7%). Data of plasma albumin, cholinesterase, NT-proBNP, interleukin-6, cystatin C, and HbA1c levels were collected. For mediation analysis for survival analysis, we used the baseline PA and biomarkers with Weibull distribution accelerated failure time model and linear regression model adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, smoking, education level, and Mini-Mental State Examination. RESULTS A curvilinear relationship was observed in the association between baseline PA and all-cause mortality. Compared to the inactive (0 METs*h/week), light amount of PA was associated with a lower risk of mortality. Compared to the highest tertile of PA (11.2 METs*h/week), higher PA did not reduce the risk of death. Circulation levels of albumin and cholinesterase mediated the association between baseline PA and all-cause mortality (proportion mediated, 54%, both; p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Compared to completely inactive, light PA reduces the risk of all-cause mortality in the very old population. Mediation analysis suggests that protein synthesis in the liver may mediate the association between PA and all-cause mortality. Further studies are needed to understand the underlying association between PA, nutrition, and death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Osawa
- Graduate School of Health Management, Keio University, Kanagawa, Japan; Sports Medicine Research Center, Keio University, Kanagawa, Japan; Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, MD, United States.
| | - Yukiko Abe
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michiyo Takayama
- Center for Preventive Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Oguma
- Graduate School of Health Management, Keio University, Kanagawa, Japan; Sports Medicine Research Center, Keio University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yasumichi Arai
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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Association between Visceral or Subcutaneous Fat Accumulation and B-Type Natriuretic Peptide among Japanese Subjects: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10061315. [PMID: 33806735 PMCID: PMC8005049 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10061315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Some previous studies have shown reduced levels of plasma B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) in individuals with obesity. We aimed to estimate the relationship between BNP and abdominal fat distribution, adjusted for confounding factors. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 1806 Japanese individuals (981 men and 825 women) who underwent a medical health check-up. Analyzed data included age, sex, visceral fat area (VFA), and subcutaneous fat area (SFA) as obtained from computed tomography, blood pressure, and blood test results including BNP. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to examine the association between BNP, VFA, and SFA after adjusting for age, sex, comorbidities, and body mass index. Results: In the models analyzed separately for VFA and SFA, BNP correlated independently with VFA in multiple linear regression analysis among all subjects and in both men and women, while SFA correlated inversely with BNP in all subjects and women but not in men. In the model that included both VFA and SFA, BNP correlated independently with VFA, but SFA and BNP were not correlated in any models. Conclusion: Higher VFA showed an independent, significant association with lower BNP. In addition, the inverse correlation with BNP was stronger for VFA than for SFA.
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Ito H, Yokoi D, Kobayashi R, Okada H, Kajita Y, Okuda S. The relationships between three-axis accelerometer measures of physical activity and motor symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease: a single-center pilot study. BMC Neurol 2020; 20:340. [PMID: 32912171 PMCID: PMC7488269 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-020-01896-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Various wearable devices for objectively evaluating motor symptoms of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) have been developed. Importantly, previous studies have suggested protective effects of physical activity in PD. However, the relationships between conventional clinical ratings for PD and three-axis accelerometer measures of physical activity (e.g., daily physical activity levels [PAL] or metabolic equivalents of task [METs]) are still unclear, particularly for METs. In the current study, we sought to elucidate these relationships on a daily basis, and to clarify optimal predictors for clinical states on a 30-min basis. Methods Patients who were hospitalized for adjustment of drugs or deep brain stimulation were enrolled. Using waist-worn three-axis accelerometers, PAL and METs parameter data were obtained and compared with UPDRS-3[On] and symptom diary data. We extracted data from the patients’ best and worst days, defined by the best and worst UPDRS-3[On] scores, respectively. Thus, 22 data sets from 11 patients were extracted. We examined the correlations and produced scatter plots to represent the relationships, then investigated which METs parameters and activity patterns were the best predictors for “On” and “dyskinesia”. Results The parameter “mean METs value within the 95–92.5 percentile range on a day (95–92.5 percentile value)” exhibited the strongest correlation with conventional daily clinical ratings (Rho: − 0.799 for UPDRS-3[On], 0.803 for On hours [p < 0.001]). Scatter plots suggested that PAL tended to have higher values in patients with involuntary movement. However, METs parameters focusing on higher METs seemed to alleviate this tendency. We clarified that “time over 2.0 METs” and “time over 1.5 METs” could be predictors for “On” and “dyskinesia” on a 30-min basis, respectively (AUROC: 0.779 and 0.959, 95% CI: 0.733–0.824 and 0.918–1.000). The specificity and sensitivity of the optimal activity pattern for “On” were 0.858 and 0.621. Conclusions This study suggested feasible activity patterns and METs parameters for objective evaluation of motor symptoms on a 30-min or daily basis. Three-axis accelerometer measures focusing on higher METs may be appropriate for evaluating physical activity. Further larger-scale studies are necessary to clarify the validity, reliability, and clinical utility of these objective measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroto Ito
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, 4-1-1 Sannomaru, Naka-ku, Nagoya, Japan.
| | - Daichi Yokoi
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, 4-1-1 Sannomaru, Naka-ku, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Kakeyu Misayama rehabilitation center, 1308 Kakeyuonsen, Ueda, Nagano, Japan
| | - Rei Kobayashi
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, 4-1-1 Sannomaru, Naka-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hisashi Okada
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, 4-1-1 Sannomaru, Naka-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yasukazu Kajita
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, 4-1-1 Sannomaru, Naka-ku, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, 4-1-1 Sannomaru, Naka-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Satoshi Okuda
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, 4-1-1 Sannomaru, Naka-ku, Nagoya, Japan
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Cardiovascular and metabolic diseases are closely linked and commonly occur in the same patients. This review focuses on the cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) system and its crosstalk between metabolism and the cardiovascular system. RECENT FINDINGS Recent studies suggest that cGMP, which serves as second messenger for nitric oxide and for natriuretic peptides, improves oxidative metabolism and insulin signaling. The clinical evidence is particularly strong for the natriuretic peptide branch of the cGMP system. Clinical trials suggested improvements in insulin sensitivity and reductions in the risk of progressing to type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, further studies are needed. SUMMARY Enhancing cGMP signaling through nonpharmacological or pharmacological means may improve glucose metabolism in addition to affecting the cardiovascular system. However, excessive cGMP production could have significant unwanted cardiovascular and metabolic effects.
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Jordan J, Birkenfeld AL, Melander O, Moro C. Natriuretic Peptides in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Crosstalk: Implications for Hypertension Management. Hypertension 2018; 72:270-276. [PMID: 29941512 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.118.11081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jens Jordan
- From the Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Cologne, Germany (J.J.) .,University of Cologne, Germany (J.J.)
| | - Andreas L Birkenfeld
- Medical Clinic III, Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany (A.L.B.).,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany (A.L.B.).,Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, Rayne Institute, King's College London, United Kingdom (A.L.B.)
| | - Olle Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University (O.M.).,Department of Internal Medicine (O.M.)
| | - Cedric Moro
- Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden; Obesity Research Laboratory, INSERM, UMR1048, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Toulouse, France (C.M.).,UMR1048, Paul Sabatier University, University of Toulouse, France (C.M.)
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Mezzasoma L, Peirce MJ, Minelli A, Bellezza I. Natriuretic Peptides: The Case of Prostate Cancer. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22101680. [PMID: 28994721 PMCID: PMC6151559 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22101680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac natriuretic peptides have long been known to act as main players in the homeostatic control of blood pressure, salt and water balance. However, in the last few decades, new properties have been ascribed to these hormones. A systematic review of English articles using MEDLINE Search terms included prostate cancer, inflammation, cardiac hormones, atrial natriuretic peptide, and brain natriuretic peptide. Most recent publications were selected. Natriuretic peptides are strongly connected to the immune system, whose two branches, innate and adaptive, are finely tuned and organized to kill invaders and repair injured tissues. These peptides control the immune response and act as anti-inflammatory and immune-modulatory agents. In addition, in cancers, natriuretic peptides have anti-proliferative effects by molecular mechanisms based on the inhibition/regulation of several pathways promoting cell proliferation and survival. Nowadays, it is accepted that chronic inflammation is a crucial player in prostate cancer development and progression. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the link between prostate cancer and inflammation and the potential use of natriuretic peptides as anti-inflammatory and anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letizia Mezzasoma
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Università di Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Matthew J Peirce
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Università di Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Alba Minelli
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Università di Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Ilaria Bellezza
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Università di Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy.
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Hamasaki H, Katsuyama H, Sako A, Yanai H. Short sleep duration is associated with B-type natriuretic peptide levels and predicts the death of Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes. Sleep Med 2017; 36:1-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2017.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Hamasaki H. Association of handgrip strength with B-type natriuretic peptide levels and cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes. DIABETES & METABOLISM 2017; 45:209-211. [PMID: 28751101 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabet.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H Hamasaki
- Hamasaki Clinic, Kagoshima, Japan; Department of Internal Medicine, National Centre for Global Health and Medicine Kohnodai Hospital, Chiba, Japan.
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10
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The influence of metabolic syndrome and diabetes mellitus on the N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide level and its prognostic performance in patients with coronary artery disease. Coron Artery Dis 2017; 28:159-165. [PMID: 28045698 DOI: 10.1097/mca.0000000000000464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Our aim was to investigate whether the presence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and diabetes mellitus (DM) influenced the N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) level and its prognostic performance in coronary artery disease (CAD). PATIENTS AND METHODS The present study enrolled a total of 1638 CAD patients. Multivariate regression analyses were carried out to relate NT-proBNP to metabolic components, nondiabetic MetS, DM, and MetS score. Furthermore, we examined the prognostic performance of NT-proBNP in patients with non-MetS, nondiabetic MetS, and DM. RESULTS NT-proBNP levels correlated inversely with BMI (β=-0.11, P=0.003) and correlated positively with fasting glucose (β=0.12, P=0.001). There were no significant relationships of NT-proBNP with other metabolic parameters. Compared with non-MetS, the presence of DM significantly increased NT-proBNP levels (P=0.004), whereas nondiabetic MetS did not influence NT-proBNP levels (P=0.954). During the median follow-up of 21 months, 109 all-cause deaths occurred. NT-proBNP levels independently predicted all-cause deaths irrespective of the presence of nondiabetic MetS and DM (Pinteraction=0.43). CONCLUSION DM, but not nondiabetic MetS, is associated with higher NT-proBNP levels. NT-proBNP can still predict death in patients with CAD, even with the confounding effect of MetS and diabetes.
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Hamasaki H. Daily physical activity and type 2 diabetes: A review. World J Diabetes 2016; 7:243-51. [PMID: 27350847 PMCID: PMC4914832 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v7.i12.243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Revised: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Physical activity improves glycemic control and reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Moderate to vigorous physical activity is recommended to manage T2D; however, patients with T2D can be physically weak, making it difficult to engage in the recommended levels of physical activity. Daily physical activity includes various activities performed during both occupational and leisure time such as walking, gardening, and housework that type 2 diabetic patients should be able to perform without considerable physical burden. This review focuses on the association between daily physical activity and T2D. Walking was the most common form of daily physical activity, with numerous studies demonstrating its beneficial effects on reducing the risk of T2D, CVD, and mortality. Walking for at least 30 min per day was shown to reduce the risk of T2D by approximately 50%. Additionally, walking was associated with a reduction in mortality. In contrast, evidence was extremely limited regarding other daily physical activities such as gardening and housework in patients with T2D. Recent studies have suggested daily physical activity, including non-exercise activity thermogenesis, to be favorably associated with metabolic risks and mortality. However, well-designed longitudinal studies are warranted to elucidate its effects on overall health.
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The Effects of Exercise on Natriuretic Peptides in Individuals without Heart Failure. Sports (Basel) 2016; 4:sports4020032. [PMID: 29910280 PMCID: PMC5968914 DOI: 10.3390/sports4020032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac natriuretic peptides (NPs) play an important role in the regulation of energy expenditure in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. A systematic review on the effects of exercise on NPs in patients with heart failure reported that aerobic and resistance training reduced NPs; however, the effects of exercise on NPs and the underlying mechanism of exercise-induced NP secretion in subjects without heart failure remain unknown. In athletes and young, healthy subjects, the NP concentration at rest is not elevated, but strenuous endurance exercise significantly increases NPs. The exercise-induced increase in NPs may be caused by transient myocardial wall stress, cardiomyocyte metabolic changes, or neuroendocrinological response, which may have cytoprotective and growth-regulating effects on the heart. On the other hand, in elderly, overweight/obese subjects, and patients with hypertension, NP concentrations also increase during exercise; however, NP secretion may be more susceptible to cardiac stress compared to young, healthy individuals. Recent studies have shown that NPs are associated with thermogenesis in fat tissue and oxidative capacity in skeletal muscles. NPs may also have a protective role for skeletal muscle in humans, although further studies are warranted to elucidate the physiological mechanism of exercise-induced NP secretion.
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Natriuretic peptide control of energy balance and glucose homeostasis. Biochimie 2016; 124:84-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2015.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Hamasaki H, Kawashima Y, Yanai H. Serum Zn/Cu Ratio Is Associated with Renal Function, Glycemic Control, and Metabolic Parameters in Japanese Patients with and without Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-sectional Study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2016; 7:147. [PMID: 27895622 PMCID: PMC5108809 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2016.00147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) may play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of diabetes and diabetic complications by mediating oxidative stress. Both Zn deficiency and excess of Cu are associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. We aimed to investigate the relationships between serum Zn/Cu ratio and glycemic status, renal function, and metabolic parameters in patients with and without type 2 diabetes. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study on 355 subjects (149 type 2 diabetic and 206 non-diabetic) in whom serum Zn and Cu levels were measured at the same time. Associations between serum Zn/Cu ratio and clinical data were evaluated using multiple regression analysis. We also evaluated associations between serum Zn/Cu ratio and the prevalence of type 2 diabetes and glycemic control by multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Serum Zn/Cu ratio was positively associated with estimated glomerular filtration rate after adjustment for body mass index (BMI) (β = 0.137, p = 0.014). Plasma B-type natriuretic peptide levels were negatively associated with serum Zn/Cu ratio after adjustment for age, sex, and BMI (β = -0.258, p = 0.032). In patients with type 2 diabetes, serum Zn/Cu ratio was negatively associated with plasma HbA1c levels after adjustment for age, sex, and BMI (β = -0.239, p = 0.003). In addition, multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the highest quartile of serum Zn/Cu ratio was associated with a reduced risk of poor (HbA1c ≥ 7%) glycemic control (odds ratio = 0.382; 95% confidence interval, 0.165-0.884; p = 0.025) in patients with type 2 diabetes. CONCLUSION Serum Zn/Cu ratio was favorably associated with renal function in all subjects and glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. The Zn/Cu ratio, in addition to the individual serum levels of trace elements, is important for metabolism in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidetaka Hamasaki
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Kohnodai Hospital, Chiba, Japan
- *Correspondence: Hidetaka Hamasaki,
| | - Yu Kawashima
- Department of Radiology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hidekatsu Yanai
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Kohnodai Hospital, Chiba, Japan
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Hamasaki H, Ezaki O, Yanai H. Nonexercise Activity Thermogenesis is Significantly Lower in Type 2 Diabetic Patients With Mental Disorders Than in Those Without Mental Disorders: A Cross-sectional Study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e2517. [PMID: 26765475 PMCID: PMC4718301 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000002517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Revised: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical activity improves health in patients with mental disorders. Nonexercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT) represents energy expenditure due to daily physical activities other than volitional exercise. We aimed to evaluate NEAT in type 2 diabetic patients with and without accompanying mental disorders.Between September 2010 and September 2014, we studied 150 patients with type 2 diabetes, 50 of whom also had a diagnosis of mental disorder, such as schizophrenia or mood disorder. We evaluated their NEAT in structured interviews using a validated questionnaire, and investigated differences in NEAT score and metabolic parameters between patients with and without mental disorders.The NEAT score was significantly lower in patients with mental disorders than in those without (56.3 ± 9.9 vs 61.9 ± 12.1; P = 0.005). Patients with mental disorders had significantly higher triglyceride (184.5 ± 116.3 vs 146.4 ± 78.4 mg/dL; P = 0.02) and insulin levels (18.7 ± 20.1 vs 11.2 ± 8.5 μU/mL; P = 0.006), and significantly lower B-type natriuretic peptide (12.1 ± 13.3 vs 26.3 ± 24.8 pg/mL; P < 0.001) and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity levels (1501 ± 371 vs 1699 ± 367 cm/s; P = 0.003) than patients without mental disorders. In patients with schizophrenia, specifically, NEAT showed a negative correlation with hemoglobin A1c levels (β = -0.493, P = 0.031), and a positive correlation with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (β = 0.519, P = 0.023) and B-type natriuretic peptide levels (β = 0.583, P = 0.02).Our results suggest that NEAT may be beneficial for the management of obesity, insulin sensitivity, and lipid profiles in patients with mental disorders. Incorporating NEAT into interventions for type 2 diabetes in patients with mental disorders, especially schizophrenia, shows promise and warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidetaka Hamasaki
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Kohnodai Hospital, Chiba, Japan (HH and HY); and the Institute of Women's Health Science, Showa Women's University, Tokyo, Japan (OE)
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Huang HY, Zhao GP, Liu RR, Li QH, Zheng MQ, Li SF, Liang Z, Zhao ZH, Wen J. Brain Natriuretic Peptide Stimulates Lipid Metabolism through Its Receptor NPR1 and the Glycerolipid Metabolism Pathway in Chicken Adipocytes. Biochemistry 2015; 54:6622-30. [PMID: 26463554 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.5b00714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) is related to lipid metabolism in mammals, but its effect and the molecular mechanisms underlying it in chickens are incompletely understood. We found that the level of natriuretic peptide precursor B (NPPB, which encodes BNP) mRNA expression in high-abdominal-fat chicken groups was significantly higher than that of low-abdominal-fat groups. Partial correlations indicated that changes in the weight of abdominal fat were positively correlated with NPPB mRNA expression level. In vitro, compared with the control group, preadipocytes with NPPB interference showed reduced levels of proliferation, differentiation, and glycerin in media. Treatments of cells with BNP led to enhanced proliferation and differentiation of cells and glycerin concentration, and mRNA expression of its receptor natriuretic peptide receptor 1 (NPR1) was upregulated significantly. In cells exposed to BNP, 482 differentially expressed genes were identified compared with controls without BNP. Four genes known to be related to lipid metabolism (diacylglycerol kinase; lipase, endothelial; 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase 1; and 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase 2) were enriched in the glycerolipid metabolism pathway and expressed differentially. In conclusion, BNP stimulates the proliferation, differentiation, and lipolysis of preadipocytes through upregulation of the levels of expression of its receptor NPR1 and key genes enriched in the glycerolipid metabolic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Y Huang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100193, P. R. China.,Institute of Poultry Science, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences , Jiangsu 225125, P. R. China
| | - G P Zhao
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100193, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition , Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - R R Liu
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100193, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition , Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Q H Li
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100193, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition , Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - M Q Zheng
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100193, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition , Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - S F Li
- Institute of Poultry Science, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences , Jiangsu 225125, P. R. China
| | - Z Liang
- Institute of Poultry Science, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences , Jiangsu 225125, P. R. China
| | - Z H Zhao
- Institute of Poultry Science, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences , Jiangsu 225125, P. R. China
| | - J Wen
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100193, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition , Beijing 100193, P. R. China
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