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Woodland L, Brooks SK, Webster RK, Amlôt R, Rubin GJ. Risk factors for school-based presenteeism in children: a systematic review. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:169. [PMID: 37221597 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01207-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Children attending school whilst unwell, known as school-based presenteeism, results in negative impacts on education and mental and physical health. We aimed to identify the risk factors for this behaviour. METHOD We conducted a systematic search of five databases (11 July 2022) using words associated with school (e.g., school and childcare) and presenteeism (e.g., presenteeism and sick leave). The studies are synthesised according to the risk factors associated with school-based presenteeism and are grouped into themes by related topics. RESULTS Our review included 18 studies, with quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-method study designs. Children, parents, and school staff reported past incidents and intentions for future presenteeism. We identified five themes from these reports: perceptions about the illness / signs and symptom(s); children's characteristics; children's and parents' motivations and attitudes towards school; organisational factors; and school sickness policy. Increased risk of school-based presenteeism was commonly linked to symptoms that were perceived low in severity and unidentifiable, children with a high school absence record, disbelief in children's illness, unsupportive employers, vague school policies and financial consequences. CONCLUSIONS School-based presenteeism is complex due to the competing interests of the multiple individuals involved, such as children, parents, and school staff. Sickness policies need to include clear and specific guidance about illness and the signs and symptoms of diseases and should be communicated to all relevant individuals to mitigate against discrepancies in how the policy is interpreted. Furthermore, parents and school staff need support, such as financial and childcare, to be able to manage children when they are unwell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Woodland
- Department of Psychological Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Emergency Preparedness and Response at King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Samantha K Brooks
- Department of Psychological Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Emergency Preparedness and Response at King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Richard Amlôt
- Behavioural Science and Insights Unit, Health Security Agency, Salisbury, United Kingdom
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Emergency Preparedness and Response at King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - G James Rubin
- Department of Psychological Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Emergency Preparedness and Response at King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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Komp R, Kauffeld S, Ianiro-Dahm P. Student Presenteeism in Digital Times-A Mixed Methods Approach. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16982. [PMID: 36554861 PMCID: PMC9779702 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192416982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In young adulthood, important foundations are laid for health later in life. Hence, more attention should be paid to the health measures concerning students. A research field that is relevant to health but hitherto somewhat neglected in the student context is the phenomenon of presenteeism. Presenteeism refers to working despite illness and is associated with negative health and work-related effects. The study attempts to bridge the research gap regarding students and examines the effects of and reasons for this behavior. The consequences of digital learning on presenteeism behavior are moreover considered. A student survey (N = 1036) and qualitative interviews (N = 11) were conducted. The results of the quantitative study show significant negative relationships between presenteeism and health status, well-being, and ability to study. An increased experience of stress and a low level of detachment as characteristics of digital learning also show significant relationships with presenteeism. The qualitative interviews highlighted the aspect of not wanting to miss anything as the most important reason for presenteeism. The results provide useful insights for developing countermeasures to be easily integrated into university life, such as establishing fixed learning partners or the use of additional digital learning material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Komp
- Department of Management Sciences, Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences, 53359 Rheinbach, Germany
| | - Simone Kauffeld
- Department of Industrial/Organizational and Social Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Technical University Braunschweig, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Patrizia Ianiro-Dahm
- Department of Management Sciences, Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences, 53359 Rheinbach, Germany
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Adolescent Spinal Pain-Related Absenteeism as an Antecedent for Early Adulthood Work Presenteeism. J Occup Environ Med 2020; 62:1046-1051. [DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Deng J, Guo Y, Shi H, Gao Y, Jin X, Liu Y, Yang T. Effect of Discrimination on Presenteeism among Aging Workers in the United States: Moderated Mediation Effect of Positive and Negative Affect. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17041425. [PMID: 32098436 PMCID: PMC7068345 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17041425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine how perceived everyday discrimination influences presenteeism and how conscientiousness moderates the relationship between discrimination and positive affect among older workers. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to examine the mediating effect. The moderated mediation model was examined by PROCESS. The results of the final SEM model showed that discrimination was directly positively associated with presenteeism. Furthermore, positive affect was significantly inversely correlated with discrimination and presenteeism. In addition, negative affect was significantly positively correlated with discrimination and presenteeism. The significant indirect effect between perceived everyday discrimination and positive affect was significantly mediated by positive and negative affect. In addition, the results of the moderated mediation model indicate that positive affect was more likely to be influenced by perceived everyday discrimination among older workers with less conscientiousness, as compared with those with greater conscientiousness. To enhance work outcomes of aging workers in the United States, managers should foster highly conscientious aging workers, award those who are hardworking and goal-oriented, and combine personal goals and organizational goals through bonuses, holidays, and benefits. Policymakers should be mindful of the negative impact of discrimination on presenteeism and should target lowly conscientious older workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Deng
- School of Management and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; (J.D.); (Y.G.); (H.S.); (Y.G.); (X.J.); (Y.L.)
- Sustainable Development Research Institute for Economy and Society of Beijing, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yuangeng Guo
- School of Management and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; (J.D.); (Y.G.); (H.S.); (Y.G.); (X.J.); (Y.L.)
- Sustainable Development Research Institute for Economy and Society of Beijing, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hubin Shi
- School of Management and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; (J.D.); (Y.G.); (H.S.); (Y.G.); (X.J.); (Y.L.)
- Sustainable Development Research Institute for Economy and Society of Beijing, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yongchuang Gao
- School of Management and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; (J.D.); (Y.G.); (H.S.); (Y.G.); (X.J.); (Y.L.)
- Sustainable Development Research Institute for Economy and Society of Beijing, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xuan Jin
- School of Management and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; (J.D.); (Y.G.); (H.S.); (Y.G.); (X.J.); (Y.L.)
- Sustainable Development Research Institute for Economy and Society of Beijing, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yexin Liu
- School of Management and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; (J.D.); (Y.G.); (H.S.); (Y.G.); (X.J.); (Y.L.)
- Sustainable Development Research Institute for Economy and Society of Beijing, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Tianan Yang
- School of Management and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; (J.D.); (Y.G.); (H.S.); (Y.G.); (X.J.); (Y.L.)
- Sustainable Development Research Institute for Economy and Society of Beijing, Beijing 100081, China
- Chair of Sport and Health Management, School of Management, Technical University of Munich, Uptown Munich Campus D, 80992 Munich, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-10-6891-8132; Fax: +86-10-6891-2483
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Ruhle SA, Breitsohl H, Aboagye E, Baba V, Biron C, Correia Leal C, Dietz C, Ferreira AI, Gerich J, Johns G, Karanika-Murray M, Lohaus D, Løkke A, Lopes SL, Martinez LF, Miraglia M, Muschalla B, Poethke U, Sarwat N, Schade H, Steidelmüller C, Vinberg S, Whysall Z, Yang T. “To work, or not to work, that is the question” – Recent trends and avenues for research on presenteeism. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WORK AND ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/1359432x.2019.1704734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. A. Ruhle
- Faculty of Business Administration and Economics, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - H. Breitsohl
- Human Resources, Leadership, and Organization, University of Klagenfurt, Klagenfurt, Austria
| | - E. Aboagye
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - V. Baba
- DeGroote School of Business, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - C. Biron
- Department of Management, Laval University, Québec, Canada
| | - C. Correia Leal
- Business Research Unit (BRU-IUL), Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - C. Dietz
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - A. I. Ferreira
- Business Research Unit (BRU-IUL), Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - J. Gerich
- Institute for Sociology, Johannes Kepler Universitat Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - G. Johns
- John Molson School of Business, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada
- Sauder School of Business, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | | | - D. Lohaus
- Department of Business Psychology, University of Applied SciencesDarmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - A. Løkke
- Department of Management, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - S. L. Lopes
- Business Research Unit (BRU-IUL), Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - L. F. Martinez
- Nova School of Business and Economics, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Carcavelos, Portugal
| | - M. Miraglia
- University of Liverpool Management School, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - B. Muschalla
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - U. Poethke
- Center for Higher Education, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
| | - N. Sarwat
- Institute of Management Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - H. Schade
- Department of Psychology, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - C. Steidelmüller
- Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Dortmund, Germany
| | - S. Vinberg
- Department of Health Sciences, Mid Sweden University, Sundsvall, Sweden
| | - Z. Whysall
- Nottingham Business School, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - T. Yang
- Faculty of Organization and Human Resource, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sickness presenteeism (SP) is a well-documented phenomenon in the current workforce. However, little is known about the SP of future employees (Millennials). We investigated rate and propensity of presenteeism and health-related and work-related correlates in university students to obtain information about the relevance of SP in the future workforce. Sickness presenteeism (SP) refers to going towork while ill.1 DESIGN AND SETTING: We administered a cross-sectional online survey in August 2018 involving self-assessments of health-related and work-related behaviour. As planned, we analysed rates, instances and propensities of presenteeism and absenteeism. The target population was Millennial university students. RESULTS 749 German university students, average age 24.7±3.6 years, 49.5% women, mean academic progress 4.5±2.7 semesters, <1% without work experience, 15.4±10.3 mean weekly working hours. Presenteeism rates in the complete sample were 64% at school and 60.4% at work. For the subsample of participants who reported sickness, presenteeism rates were 87.9% at school and 87% at work. Presenteeism propensity among them was 0.67±0.34 at school and 0.68±0.35 at work. SP at school and at work was significantly correlated with subjective health (r=0.29, p=0.000 and r=0.25, p=0.000) and locus of control (r=-0.20, p=0.000 and r=-0.26, p=0.000). Age and sex adjusted multiple regression analysis showed that subjective health explained 9.7% of the variance in SP at school (B=0.049, p=0.000) and 8.1% of the variance in SP at work (B=0.037, p=0.000). CONCLUSIONS The SP rates of the future workforce were in line with previous research on older employees, whereas the presenteeism propensities we found here were higher. Across all analyses, subjective health proved to be associated with presenteeism. Thus, the relevance of SP will remain constant or might even increase with regard to the future workforce. Programmes offering health education should be implemented to sensitise this generation as early as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Lohaus
- Business Psychology, Hochschule Darmstadt University of Applied Sciences, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Florian Röser
- Business Psychology, Hochschule Darmstadt University of Applied Sciences, Darmstadt, Germany
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