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Chakraborty R, Armijos RX, Beidelman ET, Rosenberg M, Margaret Weigel M. Household food and water insecurity and its association with diarrhoea, respiratory illness, and stunting in Ecuadorian children under 5 years. MATERNAL & CHILD NUTRITION 2024:e13683. [PMID: 38873704 DOI: 10.1111/mcn.13683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Household food and water insecurity has been previously associated with adverse health consequences in children. However, these relationships are understudied in middle-income Latin American populations such as in Ecuador, where a high prevalence of food and water insecurity has been reported. Using cross-sectional data from 2018 Ecuadorian National Health and Nutrition Survey, we examined the association of household food insecurity (HFI), household water insecurity (HWI), and concurrent HFI-HWI with diarrhoea, respiratory illness (RI), and stunting in 20,510 children aged ≤59 months. HFI was measured using the Food Insecurity Experience Scale. HWI was defined when households responded negatively to one or more of four drinking water indicators. Maternal caregivers reported on child diarrhoea and RI episodes during the previous 2 weeks. Measured length or height was used to assess stunting. We constructed log-binomial regression models to estimate the associations of HFI, HWI, and concurrent HFI-HWI with child outcomes. Moderate-severe HFI was associated with a higher prevalence of diarrhoea (PR = 1.39; 95% CI: 1.18, 1.63) and RI (PR = 1.34; 95% CI: 1.22, 1.47), HWI with a higher prevalence of RI (PR = 1.13; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.22), and concurrent HFI-HWI with a higher prevalence of diarrhoea (PR = 1.30; 95% CI: 1.05, 1.62) and RI (PR = 1.45; 95% CI: 1.29, 1.62). Stunting was not associated with HFI, HWI nor concurrent HFI-HWI. These findings suggest that HFI and HWI can independently and jointly act to negatively affect children's health. Policies and interventions aimed at alleviating both food and water insecurity are needed to bring sustained health improvements in Ecuadorian children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishika Chakraborty
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Indiana University-Bloomington School of Public Health, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
- Global Environmental Health Research Laboratory, Indiana University-Bloomington School of Public Health, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - Rodrigo X Armijos
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Indiana University-Bloomington School of Public Health, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
- Global Environmental Health Research Laboratory, Indiana University-Bloomington School of Public Health, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
- Center for Latin American & Caribbean Studies, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
- Center for Global Health Equity, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Erika T Beidelman
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Indiana University-Bloomington School of Public Health, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - Molly Rosenberg
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Indiana University-Bloomington School of Public Health, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - M Margaret Weigel
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Indiana University-Bloomington School of Public Health, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
- Global Environmental Health Research Laboratory, Indiana University-Bloomington School of Public Health, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
- Center for Latin American & Caribbean Studies, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
- Center for Global Health Equity, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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Chakraborty R, Armijos RX, Weigel MM. Household food insecurity and physical activity behaviour in Ecuadorian children and adolescents: findings from the Ecuador 2018 National Health and Nutrition Survey (ENSANUT-2018). Public Health Nutr 2024; 27:e67. [PMID: 38305098 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980024000351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Ecuador has a high prevalence of household food insecurity (HFI) and is undergoing nutritional and epidemiologic transition. Evidence from high-income countries has reported negative or null associations between HFI and physical activity (PA) in children. It remains uncertain whether the same is true of those from low- and middle-income countries like Ecuador whose environmental and socio-demographic characteristics are distinct from those of high-income countries. We aimed to investigate the association of HFI with PA, sedentary behaviour (SB) and anthropometric indicators in children. DESIGN Cross-sectional analysis of data from the nationally representative 2018 Ecuadorian National Health and Nutrition Survey. Data were collected on HFI, PA, SB, socio-demographic characteristics and measured height and weight. Unadjusted and adjusted linear, log-binomial and multinomial logistic regression analyses assessed the relationship of HFI with PA, SB, stunting and BMI-for-age. SETTING Ecuador. PARTICIPANTS 23 621 children aged 5-17 years. RESULTS Marginal and moderate-severe HFI was prevalent in 24 % and 20 % of the households, respectively. HFI was not associated with PA, SB, stunting nor underweight. Moderate-severe HFI was associated with a lower odds of overweight and obesity. However, adjustment for household assets attenuated this finding for overweight (adjusted OR:0·90, 95 % CI: 0·77, 1·05) and obesity (adjusted OR: 0·88, 95 % CI: 0·71, 1·08). CONCLUSION HFI is a burden in Ecuadorian households, but is not associated with PA, SB nor anthropometric indicators in children aged 5-17 years. However, a concerning prevalence of insufficient PA was reported, emphasising the critical need for evidence-based interventions aimed at promoting PA and reducing SB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishika Chakraborty
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Indiana University-Bloomington School of Public Health, 1025 E 7th St, Bloomington, IN47405, USA
- Global Environmental Health Research Laboratory, Indiana University-Bloomington School of Public Health, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Rodrigo X Armijos
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Indiana University-Bloomington School of Public Health, 1025 E 7th St, Bloomington, IN47405, USA
- Global Environmental Health Research Laboratory, Indiana University-Bloomington School of Public Health, Bloomington, IN, USA
- Center for Latin American & Caribbean Studies, Indiana University-Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, USA
- IU Center for Global Health, Indiana University-Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - M Margaret Weigel
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Indiana University-Bloomington School of Public Health, 1025 E 7th St, Bloomington, IN47405, USA
- Global Environmental Health Research Laboratory, Indiana University-Bloomington School of Public Health, Bloomington, IN, USA
- Center for Latin American & Caribbean Studies, Indiana University-Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, USA
- IU Center for Global Health, Indiana University-Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, USA
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April-Lalonde G, Deaconu A, Cole DC, Batal M. Traditional Food Consumption in Andean Ecuador and Associated Consumer Characteristics, Shopping and Eating Habits. Ecol Food Nutr 2023; 62:308-333. [PMID: 37791736 DOI: 10.1080/03670244.2023.2264197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Traditional foods (TFs) hold increasing global relevance due to their potential to address health and dietary challenges. This study explores TF consumption and patterns in a middle-income country's general population. Using 2017 Ecuadorian highlands survey data, we identified four consumption clusters with distinct TF preferences. Chi-square tests identified variations in independent variables across clusters. Poisson regression models highlighted city, age, education, and food habits as independent predictors of TF-based clusters. Our findings broaden TF importance to nutrition beyond specific populations. Understanding consumption patterns and socioeconomic links supports nuanced public health strategies to tackle contemporary health, social equity, and sustainability issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel April-Lalonde
- Nutrition Department, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Centre for Public Health Research, Centre de recherche en santé publique de l'Université de Montréal et du CIUSS du Centre-Sud-de-l'Île-de-Montréal (CReSP), Montréal, Canada
| | - Ana Deaconu
- Nutrition Department, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Centre for Public Health Research, Centre de recherche en santé publique de l'Université de Montréal et du CIUSS du Centre-Sud-de-l'Île-de-Montréal (CReSP), Montréal, Canada
| | - Donald C Cole
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Fair Fields, Neustadt, Canada
| | - Malek Batal
- Nutrition Department, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Centre for Public Health Research, Centre de recherche en santé publique de l'Université de Montréal et du CIUSS du Centre-Sud-de-l'Île-de-Montréal (CReSP), Montréal, Canada
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Evaluation of School Children Nutritional Status in Ecuador Using Nutrimetry: A Proposal of an Education Protocol to Address the Determinants of Malnutrition. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14183686. [PMID: 36145057 PMCID: PMC9502477 DOI: 10.3390/nu14183686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The education sector is a cornerstone in the battle against malnutrition in children. However, there are still no consolidated protocols that outline strategies for how nutrition programs in low- and middle-income countries can be delivered through the education sector. Establishing the correct community diagnosis is essential prior to the elaboration of an intervention plan for a school population that takes into account more than just traditional variables related to the nutritional status. A total of 574 boys and girls aged 3–11 years from three educational institutions in different municipalities in Ecuador participated in the study. Sociodemographic, anthropometric (weight and height) and coproparasitological data were obtained. Nutrimetry, which is a combination of two classical anthropometrics indicators, was used for the analysis of the nutritional status, and the indicators’ frequencies varied among the schools. In order to improve the nutritional status of children, we proposed a framework mainly focusing on establishing alliances with the education sector and taking into account gender equality; respect for the environment; and the customs, beliefs and traditions of each population. The results obtained from the analyses of other variables demonstrated the importance of an adequate diagnosis prior to any type of intervention at the nutritional level, since characteristics could vary by local area and have an impact on the successfulness of the intervention.
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Yunitasari E, Lee BO, Krisnana I, Lugina R, Solikhah FK, Aditya RS. Determining the Factors That Influence Stunting during Pandemic in Rural Indonesia: A Mixed Method. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:1189. [PMID: 36010079 PMCID: PMC9406632 DOI: 10.3390/children9081189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pandemic causes an increase in the poverty rate. The consequences will be many, including the birth of stunting babies. The COVID-19 pandemic has had an impact on stunting. Analyzing the factors that cause stunting during a pandemic will provide suggestions for effective stunting prevention strategies at the national, regional, community, and household levels. This study aims to determine the factors that influence stunting during the pandemic. METHOD We use mixed methods. The respondents of this study were 152 mothers of the Maternal and Child Nutrition Security project, and the sampling technique is Cluster Sampling. Quantitatively using a baseline survey whose analysis uses multiple logistic regression to determine the unadjusted and adjusted odds ratio. The qualitative data used focus group discussions which were analyzed using Nvivo 12 with a questionnaire, and anthropometric measurements of children from surveyed households. RESULTS This study summarizes the multivariate analysis of stunting determinants in the pandemic era, revealing statistically significant interactions between household sanitation facilities and household water treatment. Significant risk factors for severe stunting during the pandemic were male gender, older child age, coming from a low socioeconomic quintile, not participating in prenatal care at a health facility, and mother's involvement in choices about what to prepare for Community House. The FGDs identified misinformation about childcare and consumption of sweetened condensed milk as significant contributors to child malnutrition. CONCLUSIONS Lack of sanitation facilities and untreated water are contributing factors. Water, sanitation, and hygiene initiatives must be included into Indonesian policies and programs to combat child stunting during a pandemic. The need for further research related to government assistance for improving toddler nutrition, as well as the relationship between WASH and linear development in early infancy should be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esti Yunitasari
- Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
| | - Bih O. Lee
- Nursing Department, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan
| | - Ilya Krisnana
- Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
| | - Rayi Lugina
- Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
| | | | - Ronal Surya Aditya
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sports Science, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang 65145, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
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Santos CPD, Braga-Pereira F, Borges AKM, Van Vliet N, Alves RRN. Consumption and Preferences for Wild and Domestic Meat in Indigenous Communities in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.900398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Wild animals have traditionally been the main sources of protein available, if not the only, to numerous indigenous populations worldwide. However, greater access to markets, reduced availability or access to wildlife, and policies in support of agricultural development, have shifted food habits toward domestic and industrial sources of protein. In this study, we evaluated consumption patterns and preferences/avoidances for wild animals (wildmeat, crustaceans, and fish) in comparison to domestic sources of protein among the Potiguara living on the Brazilian coast. Using data from 843 semi-structured interviews applied to students from 28 indigenous villages, we found that domestic meats were more consumed and preferred as compared to wild animals (aquatic and game animals), despite the high abundance of fish and crustacean resources in the surveyed area. Consumption and preference for game were higher among male students while avoidance was higher among female students. The avoidance of domestic meats and fish was low for both genders. The occupation of the fathers affected students’ food habits, in those nature-related occupations (farmer, fisherman/woman, sugarcane worker) conditioned greater consumption of wildmeat and fish, while non-nature related occupations lead to greater consumption of protein from domestic sources. The consumption of protein from all sources increased with the distance between villages and a protected area. Our results indicate that the younger generation of Potiguaras does not regularly consume wildmeat and fish and their preference for domestic sources of protein is shaped by the socio-environmental context, access to different types of meat, and taste preferences.
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Prevalence of food insecurity and association with mental health in an indigenous population in Panamá. Public Health Nutr 2021; 24:5869-5876. [PMID: 34407903 PMCID: PMC10195598 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980021003554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Understanding food insecurity and its health consequences is important for identifying strategies to best target support for individuals and communities. Given the limited information that exists for indigenous groups in Latin America, this study aimed to understand the association between food insecurity and mental health in an indigenous population in Panama. DESIGN Cross-sectional data were collected using a survey conducted with Kuna Indians residing off the coast of Panama. Data sources included measures from the Panamanian prevalence of risk factors associated with CVD survey, and validated measures for psychosocial factors and standardised health outcome measures. Regression models with each of the mental health outcomes (depression, serious psychological distress, perceived stress) were used to examine the association between food insecurity and mental health outcomes. SETTING Indigenous Kuna community residing on the San Blas Islands of Panama. PARTICIPANTS Two-hundred nine adults. RESULTS Food insecurity was reported by 83 % of the participants. Across demographic categories, the only significant difference was by age with higher prevalence in younger ages. After adjusting for demographics, higher food insecurity was significantly associated with higher number of depressive symptoms and more serious psychological distress, but not with levels of perceived stress. CONCLUSIONS Based on these findings, treatment for mental health in the Kuna community may need to account for social determinants of health and be tailored to meet the needs of younger age groups in this population. In addition, interventions designed to decrease food insecurity should be considered as a possible means for improving mental health.
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Attia SL, Schmidt WP, Osorio JC, Young T, Schadler A, Plasencia J. Identifying Targets for the Prevention of Childhood Undernutrition in a Resource-Limited Peri-Urban Ecuadorian Community. Food Nutr Bull 2021; 42:210-224. [PMID: 34008438 DOI: 10.1177/0379572120982500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In middle-income countries, malnutrition concentrates in marginalized populations with a lack of effective preventive strategies. OBJECTIVE Identify risk factors for undernutrition in a peri-urban Ecuadorian community of children aged 12 to 59 months. METHODS Data from a cross-sectional survey in 2011 of children 1 to 5 years were analyzed including demographic data, medical history and examination, food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), anthropometric measurements, and blood for complete blood count, C-reactive protein, vitamin A, iron, and zinc levels. Dietary Diversity Score (DDS) was calculated from FFQ. Bivariate and multivariate analysis assessed effects on primary outcome of undernutrition by DDS, vitamin deficiencies, and demographic and nutritional data. RESULTS N = 67, 52.2% undernourished: 49.3% stunted, 25.4% underweight, and 3% wasted; 74.6% (n = 50) were anemic and 95.1% (n = 39) had low serum zinc. Dietary Diversity Score was universally low (mean 4.91 ± 1.36, max 12). Undernutrition was associated with lower vitamin A levels (20 306, IQR: 16605.25-23973.75 vs 23665, IQR: 19292-26474 ng/mL, P = .04); underweight was associated with less parental report of illness (43.8%, n = 7 vs 80% n = 40, P = .005) and higher white blood count (13.7, IQR: 11.95-15.8 vs 10.9, IQR: 7.8-14.23 × 109/L, P = .02). In multiple regression, risk of undernutrition decreased by 4% for every $10 monthly income increase (95 CI%: 0.5%-7.4%, P = .02, n = 23); risk of underweight decreased by 0.06 for every increased DDS point (adjusted odds ratio: 0.06; 95 CI%: 0.004-0.91, P = .04, n = 23). CONCLUSIONS In this peri-urban limited-resource, mostly Indigenous Ecuadorian community, stunting exceeds national prevalence, lower monthly income is the strongest predictor of undernutrition, lower DDS can predict some forms of undernutrition, and vitamin deficiencies are associated with but not predictive of undernutrition.
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Cordero-Ahiman OV, Vanegas JL, Franco-Crespo C, Beltrán-Romero P, Quinde-Lituma ME. Factors That Determine the Dietary Diversity Score in Rural Households: The Case of the Paute River Basin of Azuay Province, Ecuador. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:2059. [PMID: 33672453 PMCID: PMC7923421 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18042059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Inadequate food and nutrition affect human well-being, particularly for many poor subpopulations living in rural areas. The purpose of this research was to analyze the factors that determine the Household Dietary Diversity Score (HDDS) in the rural area of the Paute River Basin, Azuay Province, Ecuador. The sample size of 383 surveys was determined by a stratified random sampling method with proportional affixation. Dietary diversity was measured through the HDDS, with 12 food groups (cereals; roots and tubers; fruits; sugar/honey; meat and eggs; legumes or grains; vegetables; oils/fats; milk and dairy products; meats; miscellaneous; fish and shellfish) over a recall period of 7 days. A Poisson regression model was used to determine the relationship between the HDDS and sociodemographic variables. The results show that the average HDDS of food consumption is 10.89 foods. Of the analyzed food groups, the most consumed are cereals; roots and tubers; fruits; sugar/honey. In addition, the determinants that best explain the HDDS in the predictive model were housing size, household size, per capita food expenditure, area of cultivated land, level of education, and marital status of the head of household. The tools used in this research can be used to analyze food and nutrition security interventions. Furthermore, the results allow policymakers to identify applicable public policies in the fight against hunger.
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Affiliation(s)
- Otilia Vanessa Cordero-Ahiman
- Grupo de Investigación en Economía Regional (GIER), Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Administrativas, Universidad de Cuenca, Cuenca 010107, Ecuador; (O.V.C.-A.); (P.B.-R.); (M.E.Q.-L.)
| | - Jorge Leonardo Vanegas
- Grupo de Investigación en Economía Regional (GIER), Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Administrativas, Universidad de Cuenca, Cuenca 010107, Ecuador; (O.V.C.-A.); (P.B.-R.); (M.E.Q.-L.)
- Grupo de Producción Animal e Industrialización (PROANIN), Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo, Riobamba 060103, Ecuador
| | - Christian Franco-Crespo
- Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología, Campus Huachi, Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Ambato 180104, Ecuador;
| | - Pablo Beltrán-Romero
- Grupo de Investigación en Economía Regional (GIER), Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Administrativas, Universidad de Cuenca, Cuenca 010107, Ecuador; (O.V.C.-A.); (P.B.-R.); (M.E.Q.-L.)
| | - María Elena Quinde-Lituma
- Grupo de Investigación en Economía Regional (GIER), Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Administrativas, Universidad de Cuenca, Cuenca 010107, Ecuador; (O.V.C.-A.); (P.B.-R.); (M.E.Q.-L.)
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Dinku AM, Mekonnen TC, Adilu GS. Child dietary diversity and food (in)security as a potential correlate of child anthropometric indices in the context of urban food system in the cases of north-central Ethiopia. JOURNAL OF HEALTH, POPULATION, AND NUTRITION 2020; 39:11. [PMID: 33298197 PMCID: PMC7771062 DOI: 10.1186/s41043-020-00219-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the relation of child dietary diversity and household food insecurity along with other socio-demographic with child anthropometric indices in north-central Ethiopia, an area with a high level of food insecurity and inadequate diet quality. DESIGN A community-based cross-sectional study was used. SETTINGS The study was conducted in Dessie and Combolcha towns of north-central Ethiopia from April to May 2018. PARTICIPANTS Randomly selected 512 mother-child pairs with child's age range of 6-59 months. RESULTS The mean (± SD) scores of weight-for-height/length, height/length-for-age, weight-for-age, and BMI-for-age Z-scores were 1.35 (± 2.03), - 1.89 (± 1.79), 0.05 (± 1.54), and 1.39 (± 2.06), respectively. From all anthropometric indicators, stunting and overweight/obesity remained the severe public issues hitting 43% and 42% of the children, respectively. In the model, mothers' age and education and child's age, sex, and dietary diversity were significantly related with child height-for-age Z-score while place of residence, sex of household head, child's age, and dietary diversity score were the predictors of child BMI-for-age Z-score in the urban contexts of the study area. Nevertheless, food insecurity was not related to any of the child anthropometric indices. CONCLUSION The double burden of malnutrition epidemics (stunting and obesity) coexisted as severe public health concerns in urban settings. Anthropometric statuses of children were affected by multidimensional factors and seek strong integration and immediate intervention of multiple sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amare Molla Dinku
- Researcher at the Department of Rural Development and Agricultural Extension, College of Agriculture, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Tefera Chane Mekonnen
- Researcher at the School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Getachew Shumye Adilu
- Researchr at the Department of Plant Science, College of Agriculture, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
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Multiple burdens of malnutrition and relative remoteness in rural Ecuadorian communities. Public Health Nutr 2020; 24:4591-4602. [PMID: 33155533 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980020004462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Social and economic changes associated with new roads can bring about rapid nutritional transitions. To study this process, we: (1) describe trends in adult overweight and obesity (OW/OB) among rural Afro-Ecuadorians over time and across a gradient of community remoteness from the nearest commercial centre; (2) examine the relationship between male and female adult OW/OB and factors associated with market integration such as changing livelihoods and (3) examine the co-occurrence of adult OW/OB and under-five stunting and anaemia. DESIGN Adult anthropometry was collected through serial case-control studies repeated over a decade across twenty-eight communities. At the same time, anthropometry and Hb were measured for all children under 5 years of age in every community. SETTING Northern coastal Ecuador. PARTICIPANTS Adults (n 1665) and children under 5 years of age (n 2618). RESULTS From 2003 and 2013, OW/OB increased from 25·1 % to 44·8 % among men and 59·9 % to 70·2 % among women. The inverse relationship between remoteness and OW/OB in men was attenuated when adjusting for urban employment, suggesting that livelihoods mediated the remoteness-OW/OB relationship. No such relationship was observed among women. Communities with a higher prevalence of male OW/OB also had a greater prevalence of stunting, but not anaemia, in children under 5 years of age. CONCLUSIONS The association between male OW/OB and child stunting at the community level, but not the household level, suggests that changing food environments, rather than household- or individual-level factors, drove these trends. A closer examination of changing socio-economic structures and food environments in communities undergoing rapid development could help mitigate future public health burdens.
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Purwaningtyas RA, Barik AL, Astuti D. Obesity and Stunting in Childhood. Do Grandparents Play A Role? A Systematic Review. JURNAL NERS 2019. [DOI: 10.20473/jn.v14i3.16986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Obesity and stunting in childhood has become one of the greatest global health challenges. The impact of this issue is serious and lasting for individuals, their families, communities and countries. Most of the studies on child weight status have only focused on the mother as the primary caregiver, whereas the role and influence of the grandparents has received less attention. Grandparent-provided child care has become a trend in many countries, with reported rates of approximately 40% to 58%. The objective of this systematic review was to analyze whether children become stunted or obese when they are cared for by their grandparents.Methods: The methodological search of the literature was conducted using Scopus, Science Direct, PubMed, Pro Quest and ResearchGate, and it was undertaken using PRISMA guidelines. The search identified 1803 papers and 135 full-text articles were screened for eligibility. Finally, 15 met the inclusion criteria. The keyword chain was as follows: ("obesity" OR "stunting") AND (“children”) AND (“grandparents”).Results: As grandparents take on increasingly responsible roles in the lives of their grandchildren, there is an influence on the higher risk of child obesity rather than stunting.Conclusion: In future, nurses should target not only the mother but also the grandparents to control their child’s health, especially when related to their weight status.
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Chee VA, Teran E, Hernandez I, Wright L, Izurieta R, Reina-Ortiz M, Flores M, Bejarano S, Dào LU, Baldwin J, Martinez-Tyson D. 'Desculturización,' urbanization, and nutrition transition among urban Kichwas Indigenous communities residing in the Andes highlands of Ecuador. Public Health 2019; 176:21-28. [PMID: 31679636 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2019.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The nutrition transition continues to affect populations throughout the world. The added impact of market integration and urbanization exacerbates the impact of the nutrition transition upon Indigenous populations worldwide. OBJECTIVES This study aims to explore the nutritional concerns of the urban Kichwas community residing in the Andes highlands of Ecuador. STUDY DESIGN This is a qualitative study. METHODS Eight focus groups were conducted with Kichwas men and women in November 2015 in the Imbabura province of the Andes in Ecuador. DATA ANALYSIS Applied thematic analysis was used to analyze findings regarding nutrition. RESULTS The participants shared concerns regarding increased intake of fast food, poor meal timing, and a shift in the child's food preferences that rejects traditional foods. They attributed these concerns to urbanization resulting from an increase in dual-income households and a loss of cultural identity. CONCLUSIONS Synergistic cultural factors are related to nutritional concerns voiced by the urban Kichwas community. PUBLIC HEALTH IMPLICATIONS Syndemic theory is a useful interpretive lens regarding nutritional trends within the Kichwas communities as they relate to the increased risk of chronic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- V A Chee
- University of South Florida, College of Public Health, Tampa, FL, USA.
| | - E Teran
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Colegio de Ciencias de la Salud, Quito, Ecuador
| | - I Hernandez
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Colegio de Ciencias de la Salud, Quito, Ecuador; Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador, Facultad de Enfermería, Quito, Ecuador
| | - L Wright
- University of South Florida, College of Public Health, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - R Izurieta
- University of South Florida, College of Public Health, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - M Reina-Ortiz
- University of South Florida, College of Public Health, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - M Flores
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Colegio de Ciencias de la Salud, Quito, Ecuador
| | - S Bejarano
- University of South Florida, College of Public Health, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - L U Dào
- University of South Florida, College of Public Health, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - J Baldwin
- Northern Arizona University, Center for Health Equity Research, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
| | - D Martinez-Tyson
- University of South Florida, College of Public Health, Tampa, FL, USA
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