1
|
Warren CM, Bartell TR. Sociodemographic inequities in food allergy: Insights on food allergy from birth cohorts. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2024; 35:e14125. [PMID: 38656700 DOI: 10.1111/pai.14125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
A large and growing corpus of epidemiologic studies suggests that the population-level burden of pediatric FA is not equitably distributed across major sociodemographic groups, including race, ethnicity, household income, parental educational attainment, and sex. As is the case for more extensively studied allergic disease states such as asthma and atopic dermatitis epidemiologic data suggest that FA may be more prevalent among certain populations experiencing lower socioeconomic status (SES), particularly those with specific racial and ethnic minority backgrounds living in highly urbanized regions. Emerging data also indicate that these patients may also experience more severe FA-related physical health, psychosocial, and economic outcomes relating to chronic disease management. However, many studies that have identified sociodemographic inequities in FA burden are limited by cross-sectional designs that are subject to numerous biases. Compared with cross-sectional study designs or cohorts established later in life, birth cohorts offer advantages relative to other study designs when investigators seek to understand causal relationships between exposures occurring during the prenatal or postnatal period and the atopic disease status of individuals later in life. Numerous birth cohorts have been established across recent decades, which include evaluation of food allergy-related outcomes, and a subset of these also have measured sociodemographic variables that, together, have the potential to shed light on the existence and possible etiology of sociodemographic inequities in food allergy. This manuscript reports the findings of a comprehensive survey of the current state of this birth cohort literature and draws insights into what is currently known, and what further information can potentially be gleaned from thoughtful examination and further follow-up of ongoing birth cohorts across the globe.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M Warren
- Center for Food Allergy and Asthma Research, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Tami R Bartell
- Center for Food Allergy and Asthma Research, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Patrick M. Magoon Institute for Healthy Communities, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Henriques M, Soares P, Sacadura-Leite E. Vitamin D levels in Portuguese military personnel. BMJ Mil Health 2023; 169:542-547. [PMID: 35236767 DOI: 10.1136/bmjmilitary-2021-002021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In Portugal, most adults have inadequate levels of vitamin D. Active duty military personnel need to be always ready for duty, perform tasks in specific contexts and overcome high physical and mental demands, which raises the relevance of knowing their vitamin D levels. This study aims to characterise vitamin D levels of Portuguese active duty military personnel and evaluate the effect of military status on the prevalence of vitamin D sufficiency, adjusted for season of the year, age and gender. METHODS A retrospective cross-sectional study, based on vitamin D measurements carried out at the Armed Forces Hospital between 2014 and 2020, was fulfilled including the variables age, gender, vitamin D level and dosing date for military personnel and civilians. Comparison of proportions test and the generalised linear regression model were used for data analysis with a significance level of 5%. RESULTS Out of 2782 subjects, 62.7% were military personnel. Mean±SD level of vitamin D was 24.5±10.6 ng/mL and 23.7±11.5 ng/mL in military personnel and civilians, respectively. In the military personnel, the prevalence of vitamin D sufficiency, insufficiency and deficiency was, respectively, 25.2%, 40.1% and 34.6%. Prevalence of vitamin D sufficiency was similar in the civilians cohort and, also, between Armed Forces branches. Military status had no effect on the prevalence of vitamin D sufficiency, especially after adjustments. CONCLUSIONS We present data on vitamin D levels of Portuguese active duty military personnel. Our results found that military personnel are no more at risk of vitamin D inadequacy than civilians, but only a quarter of active duty military personnel had vitamin D sufficiency. Therefore, they can benefit from vitamin D levels assessment towards vitamin D levels optimisation. Further studies are still needed, especially among military personnel with higher risk of vitamin D deficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moisés Henriques
- Naval Research Centre (CINAV), Naval School, Almada, Portugal
- National School of Public Health, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - P Soares
- Public Health Investigation Centre, National School of Public Health, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisboa, Portugal
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre, NOVA Medical School, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - E Sacadura-Leite
- Public Health Investigation Centre, National School of Public Health, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisboa, Portugal
- Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Lisbon Medical Faculty, Lisboa, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Leathersich SJ, Roche CS, Walls M, Nathan E, Hart RJ. Season at the time of oocyte collection and frozen embryo transfer outcomes. Hum Reprod 2023; 38:1714-1722. [PMID: 37407029 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dead137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Does the meteorological season at the time of oocyte retrieval affect live birth rates in subsequent frozen embryo transfers? SUMMARY ANSWER Frozen embryo transfers resulting from oocytes retrieved in summer have 30% increased odds of live birth compared to frozen embryo transfers resulting from oocytes retrieved in autumn, regardless of the season at the time of embryo transfer. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Season at the time of frozen embryo transfer does not appear to be associated with live birth rate. One study in the northern hemisphere found increased odds of live birth with frozen embryo transfer resulting from oocytes collected in summer when compared to those collected in winter. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION Retrospective cohort study including all frozen embryo transfers performed by a single clinic over eight years, from January 2013 to December 2021. There were 3659 frozen embryo transfers with embryos generated from 2155 IVF cycles in 1835 patients. Outcome data were missing for two embryo transfers, which were excluded from analysis. Outcomes were analysed by the season, temperatures, and measured duration of sunshine at the time of oocyte collection and at the time of frozen embryo transfer. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS There were no significant differences between patients with oocyte collection or embryo transfers in different seasons. Meteorological conditions on the day of oocyte collection and the day of frozen embryo transfer, and in the preceding 14- and 28-day periods, were collected including mean, minimum, and maximum temperatures, and recorded duration of sunshine hours. Clinical and embryological outcomes were analysed for their association with seasons, temperatures, and duration of sunshine with correction for repeated cycles per participant, age at the time of oocyte retrieval, and quadratic age. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Compared to frozen embryo transfers with oocyte retrieval dates in autumn, transfers with oocyte retrieval dates in summer had 30% increased odds of live birth (odds ratio (OR): 1.30, 95% CI: 1.04-1.62) which remained consistent after adjustment for season at the time of embryo transfer. A high duration of sunshine hours (in the top tertile) on the day of oocyte retrieval was associated with a 28% increase in odds of live birth compared to duration of sunshine hours in the lowest tertile (OR 1.28, 95% CI: 1.06-1.53). Temperature on the day of oocyte retrieval did not independently affect the odds of live birth. The odds of live birth were decreased by 18% when the minimum temperature on the day of embryo transfer was high, compared with low (OR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.69-0.99), which was consistent after correction for the conditions at the time of oocyte retrieval. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION This was a retrospective cohort study, however, all patients during the study period were included and data was missing for only two patients. Given the retrospective nature, causation is not proven and there are other factors that may affect live birth rates and for which we did not have data and were unable to adjust, including pollutants and behavioural factors. We were also not able to stratify results based on specific patient populations (such as poor- or hyper-responders) nor report the cumulative live birth rate per commenced cycle. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS These findings may be particularly relevant for patients planning oocyte or embryo cryopreservation. Given the increasing utilization of cryopreservation, identification of factors that influence outcomes in subsequent frozen embryo transfers has implications for future therapeutic and management options. Further studies to clarify the physiology underlying the influence of sunshine hours or season on subsequent frozen embryo transfer outcomes are required, including identification of specific populations that may benefit from these factors. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS No funding was provided for this study. S.L. has received educational travel assistance from Besins, Merck and Organon outside the submitted work. R.H. is National Medical Director of City Fertility and Medical Director of Fertility Specialists of Western Australia, has received honoraria from MSD, Merck Serono, Origio and Ferring outside the submitted work, and has equity interests in CHA SMG. C.R., M.W., and E.N. declare that they have no conflicts of interest. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S J Leathersich
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Subiaco, Australia
- City Fertility Australia, Claremont, Australia
- Fertility Specialists of Western Australia, Claremont, Australia
| | - C S Roche
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Subiaco, Australia
| | - M Walls
- City Fertility Australia, Claremont, Australia
- Fertility Specialists of Western Australia, Claremont, Australia
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - E Nathan
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - R J Hart
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Subiaco, Australia
- City Fertility Australia, Claremont, Australia
- Fertility Specialists of Western Australia, Claremont, Australia
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Abi-Ayad M, Nedjar I, Chabni N. Association between 25-hydroxy vitamin D and lung function (FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC) in children and adults with asthma: A systematic review. Lung India 2023; 40:449-456. [PMID: 37787360 PMCID: PMC10553772 DOI: 10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_213_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease that poses significant individual, social, financial and healthcare burdens. Physicians and researchers have recommended 25-hydroxy vitamin D supplementation, in combination with prescribed medication, as a potential means of reducing asthma severity. This systematic review focuses on the association between 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels and lung function in both children and adults with asthma. We identified published work by searching MEDLINE via PubMed, using regular search terms related to 25-hydroxy vitamin D and asthma. Fourteen studies were screened out of 643 eligible citations from MEDLINE research that involved 65 children and 951 adults. A strong positive association was observed in four studies, whereas five showed a moderate association, and two had no correlation. The majority of studies found a negative correlation between 25-hydroxy vitamin D deficiency and mild, uncontrolled and partly controlled asthma. 25-hydroxy vitamin D 25 OH values were below 20 ng/ml in the majority of studies, and those with uncontrolled severe asthma showed the lowest values.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Imane Nedjar
- First Cycle Department, Higher School of Applied Sciences of Tlemcen, Algeria
- Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, University of Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Nafissa Chabni
- Epidemiology Department, University-Hospital of Tlemcen, Algeria
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Henriques M, Rodrigues D, Viegas S, Serranheira F, Sacadura-Leite E. Vitamin D status in active duty Navy military personnel: a systematic review. Occup Environ Med 2023; 80:353-360. [PMID: 37012046 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2022-108710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Active duty Navy military personnel are prone to vitamin D deficiency due to an occupational environment detrimental to sunlight exposure. The main objective of this systematic review is to provide a worldwide overview of vitamin D status in this population. METHODS The Condition, Context, Population (CoCoPop) mnemonic was used to define the inclusion criteria (vitamin D status; all contexts; active duty Navy military personnel). Studies with recruits or veterans were excluded. Scopus, Web of Science and PubMed/Medline databases were searched from inception to 30 June 2022. Joanna Briggs Institute and Downs & Black checklists were used for quality assessment and data were synthesised in narrative and tabular formats. RESULTS Thirteen studies published between 1975 and 2022 and conducted in northern hemisphere Navies, including mainly young and male service members, were included. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was globally reported as significant. Nine studies included a total of 305 male submariners who performed 30-92 days submarine patrol and reported the effect of sunlight deprivation in the decrease of vitamin D levels. CONCLUSIONS This new systematic review underlines the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in the Navy, especially in submariners, and the need to implement measures to prevent vitamin D deficiency. Serum 25(OH)D data available and the heterogeneity of the studies limited a pooled analysis. Most studies included only submariners, which may limit generalisability to all active duty Navy military personnel. Further research on this topic should be promoted. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42022287057.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moisés Henriques
- Portuguese Navy Research Centre (CINAV), Portuguese Navy, Almada, Portugal
- NOVA National School of Public Health, Public Health Research Centre, Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), NOVA University Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Diogo Rodrigues
- Portuguese Navy Research Centre (CINAV), Portuguese Navy, Almada, Portugal
| | - Susana Viegas
- NOVA National School of Public Health, Public Health Research Centre, Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), NOVA University Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Florentino Serranheira
- NOVA National School of Public Health, Public Health Research Centre, Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), NOVA University Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ema Sacadura-Leite
- NOVA National School of Public Health, Public Health Research Centre, Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), NOVA University Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
- Occupational Health Department, Northern Lisbon University Hospital Centre, Lisbon, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bai K, Dong H, Liu L, She X, Liu C, Yu M, Liang Z, Lin H, Ke P, Huang X, Wu X, Zhang Q, Zhao B. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D status of a large Chinese population from 30 provinces by LC-MS/MS measurement for consecutive 3 years: differences by age, sex, season and province. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:1503-1516. [PMID: 36692589 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-023-03094-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to describe the vitamin D status and its distribution in different age groups, sexes, seasons, and provinces of a large Chinese population. METHODS This study retrospectively analyzed 1,528,685 results of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) in the central laboratory of KingMed Diagnostics. The samples were from the individuals aged 0-119 years old in 30 provinces of China. Serum 25(OH)D was measured by an accurate commercial liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method from January 2017 to December 2019. The subjects were stratified by age, sex, the season of blood collection, and the province of residence. RESULTS The median 25(OH)D concentration was 25.5 ng/mL (interquartile range (IQR) 18.7-32.7 ng/mL) in males and 20.8 ng/mL (IQR 14.4-28.2 ng/mL) in females. Overall, the median 25(OH)D concentration decreased with age in both males and females. Males had a 0.2-2.4 ng/mL higher median 25(OH)D concentration than females in different age groups. Vitamin D deficiency (25(OH)D < 15 ng/mL for the individuals under 14 years old; < 20 ng/mL for the individuals over 14 years old) was found in 21.3% of males and 43.6% of females. Significant seasonal variation of serum 25(OH)D concentrations was repeatedly observed in 3 years, with median concentration higher in summer (25.3 ng/mL (IQR 19.3-31.9 ng/mL)) and lower in winter (18.5 ng/mL (IQR 12.3-26.6 ng/mL)). Vitamin D status varied by province. The median 25(OH)D concentration was the highest in Hainan (31.0 ng/mL (IQR 24.9-39.2 ng/mL)) and the lowest in Qinghai (14.4 ng/mL (IQR 9.6-20.0 ng/mL)). 25(OH)D2 was detected in 12.2% of the results, and no significant seasonal variation was observed. CONCLUSION In China, vitamin D deficiency is prevalent in the population participating in clinical vitamin D measurement. Age and sex differences in vitamin D levels were observed in our study. Seasonal variation and provincial differences are important aspects of serum vitamin D status. 25(OH)D2 cannot be ignored entirely in clinical measurement practice in China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Bai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, 510120, China
- Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Heng Dong
- Guangzhou KingMed Center for Clinical Laboratory Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, 510120, China
- KingMed College of Laboratory Medical of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Paediatrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University (Longjiang Hospital of Shunde District Foshan City), Foshan, 528318, China
| | - Xuhui She
- Guangzhou KingMed Center for Clinical Laboratory Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, 510120, China
- KingMed College of Laboratory Medical of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Guangzhou KingMed Center for Clinical Laboratory Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Mujun Yu
- Guangzhou KingMed Center for Clinical Laboratory Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Zhihui Liang
- Guangzhou KingMed Center for Clinical Laboratory Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Haibiao Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, 510120, China
- Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Peifeng Ke
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, 510120, China
- Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Xianzhang Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, 510120, China
- Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Xinzhong Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, 510120, China.
- Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - Qiaoxuan Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, 510120, China.
- Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - Beibei Zhao
- Guangzhou KingMed Center for Clinical Laboratory Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, 510120, China.
- KingMed College of Laboratory Medical of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
DeltaF508 CFTR Hetero- and Homozygous Paediatric Patients with Cystic Fibrosis Do Not Differ with Regard to Nutritional Status. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13051402. [PMID: 33919435 PMCID: PMC8143312 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare the nutritional status between deltaF508 CFTR hetero- and homozygous paediatric patients with cystic fibrosis. We assessed the percentage profiles of fatty acids measured in erythrocyte membranes and the serum levels of vitamins A, D3, E and K1 in the studied groups. We also measured the weights and heights and calculated the body mass indexes (BMIs). The studied groups consisted of 34 heterozygous and 30 homozygous patients. No statistically significant differences were found in the serum vitamins or erythrocyte membrane fatty acid profiles between the hetero- and homozygous patient groups, except for heptadecanoic acid (p = 0.038). The mean percentiles of height, weight and BMI did not differ significantly between the two groups. The homozygous and heterozygous paediatric patients with cystic fibrosis were similar in terms of their nutritional statuses.
Collapse
|