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Nowak PF, Rogowska AM, Kwaśnicka A. The mediating role of health behaviors in the relationship between internal locus of control and life satisfaction in public health students. Sci Rep 2024; 14:19112. [PMID: 39154042 PMCID: PMC11330472 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-70178-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Well-being is a continuous process requiring decisions and actions to maintain or build health. This study examines the indirect effect of health locus of control on life satisfaction via healthy behaviors based on living systems theory. Participants were 730 students of various majors related to medicine and health, aged between 19 and 30 (M = 22.29, SD = 1.64), including 79.04% women. Self-report measures were used to assess life satisfaction, multidimensional health locus of control, and health behavior. Women scored higher than men on the total health behavior scale, especially in a healthy diet and preventive behavior. Men scored higher than women on internal health locus of control (HLC), while women scored higher than men on the powerful others HLC in making decisions about their health. The study confirmed the mediating effect of healthy behavior on the relationship between the internal HLC and life satisfaction. The present mechanism highlights the crucial role of internal motivation in increasing subjective well-being by maintaining health behaviors among young adults. The role of intervention programs focused on improving internal HLC and health behaviors is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł F Nowak
- Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Opole University of Technology, Opole, Poland.
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Ramaswamy R, Ramaswamy V, Holly M, Bartels S, Barach P. Building local decision-making competencies during COVID-19: Accelerating the transition from learning healthcare systems to learning health communities. Learn Health Syst 2022; 7:e10337. [PMID: 36247203 PMCID: PMC9538137 DOI: 10.1002/lrh2.10337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The persisting and evolving COVID-19 pandemic has made apparent that no singular policy of mitigation at a regional, national or global level has achieved satisfactory and universally acceptable results. In the United States, carefully planned and executed pandemic policies have been neither effective nor popular and COVID-19 risk management decisions have been relegated to individual citizens and communities. In this paper, we argue that a more effective approach is to equip and strengthen community coalitions to become local learning health communities (LLHCs) that use data over time to make adaptive decisions that can optimize the equity and well-being in their communities. Methods We used data from the North Carolina (NC) county and zip code levels from May to August 2020 to demonstrate how a LLHC could use statistical process control (SPC) charts and simple statistical analysis to make local decisions about how to respond to COVID-19. Results We found many patterns of COVID-19 progression at the local (county and zip code) levels during the same time period within the state that were completely different from the aggregate NC state level data used for policy making. Conclusions Systematic approaches to learning from local data to support effective decisions have promise well beyond the current pandemic. These tools can help address other complex public health issues, and advance outcomes and equity. Building this capacity requires investment in data infrastructure and the strengthening of data competencies in community coalitions to better interpret data with limited need for advanced statistical expertise. Additional incentives that build trust, support data transparency, encourage truth-telling and promote meaningful teamwork are also critical. These must be carefully designed, contextually appropriate and multifaceted to motivate citizens to create and sustain an effective learning system that works for their communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Ramaswamy
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterJames M Anderson Center for Health Systems ExcellenceCincinnatiOhioUSA
| | | | - Margaret Holly
- Department of Health Policy and ManagementUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Gillings School of Global Public HealthChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Sophia Bartels
- Department of Health BehaviorUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Gillings School of Global Public HealthChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Paul Barach
- College of Population HealthThomas Jefferson UniversityPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
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Riley C, Herrin J, Lam V, Parsons AA, Kaplan GA, Liu D, Witters D, Krumholz HM, Roy B. Trends and Variation in the Gap Between Current and Anticipated Life Satisfaction in the United States, 2008-2020. Am J Public Health 2022; 112:509-517. [PMID: 35196041 PMCID: PMC8887183 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2021.306589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Objectives. To describe national- and county-level trends and variation in a novel measure of hope. Methods. Using data from the Gallup National Health and Well-Being Index (n = 2 766 728), we summarized the difference between anticipated life satisfaction (ALS) and current life satisfaction (CLS), measured by the Cantril Self-Anchoring Scale, for each year from 2008 to 2020 and by county over two 5-year periods in the United States. Results. Across all years, there was a significant positive trend in the difference between ALS and CLS for the nation (P = .024), which remained positive but not significant when we excluded 2020. Maintenance of ALS with a decrease in CLS drove the 2020 increase. From 2008-2012 to 2013-2017, 14.5% of counties with 300 or more responses (n = 599) experienced an increase in the difference of more than 1 SD, whereas 13.9% experienced a more than 1 SD decrease. Fifty-two counties experienced decreases in ALS and CLS. Conclusions. Responding to trends in the gap between ALS and CLS at national and local levels is essential for the collective well-being of our nation, especially as we navigate and emerge from crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carley Riley
- Carley Riley is with the Department of Clinical Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. Jeph Herrin, Harlan M. Krumholz, and Brita Roy are with the Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT. Veronica Lam is with Flying Buttress Associates, Charlottesville, VA. Allison A. Parsons is with the Division of Critical Care, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati. George A. Kaplan is with the School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. Diana Liu and Dan Witters are with the Gallup Organization, Washington, DC
| | - Jeph Herrin
- Carley Riley is with the Department of Clinical Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. Jeph Herrin, Harlan M. Krumholz, and Brita Roy are with the Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT. Veronica Lam is with Flying Buttress Associates, Charlottesville, VA. Allison A. Parsons is with the Division of Critical Care, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati. George A. Kaplan is with the School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. Diana Liu and Dan Witters are with the Gallup Organization, Washington, DC
| | - Veronica Lam
- Carley Riley is with the Department of Clinical Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. Jeph Herrin, Harlan M. Krumholz, and Brita Roy are with the Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT. Veronica Lam is with Flying Buttress Associates, Charlottesville, VA. Allison A. Parsons is with the Division of Critical Care, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati. George A. Kaplan is with the School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. Diana Liu and Dan Witters are with the Gallup Organization, Washington, DC
| | - Allison A Parsons
- Carley Riley is with the Department of Clinical Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. Jeph Herrin, Harlan M. Krumholz, and Brita Roy are with the Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT. Veronica Lam is with Flying Buttress Associates, Charlottesville, VA. Allison A. Parsons is with the Division of Critical Care, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati. George A. Kaplan is with the School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. Diana Liu and Dan Witters are with the Gallup Organization, Washington, DC
| | - George A Kaplan
- Carley Riley is with the Department of Clinical Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. Jeph Herrin, Harlan M. Krumholz, and Brita Roy are with the Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT. Veronica Lam is with Flying Buttress Associates, Charlottesville, VA. Allison A. Parsons is with the Division of Critical Care, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati. George A. Kaplan is with the School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. Diana Liu and Dan Witters are with the Gallup Organization, Washington, DC
| | - Diana Liu
- Carley Riley is with the Department of Clinical Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. Jeph Herrin, Harlan M. Krumholz, and Brita Roy are with the Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT. Veronica Lam is with Flying Buttress Associates, Charlottesville, VA. Allison A. Parsons is with the Division of Critical Care, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati. George A. Kaplan is with the School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. Diana Liu and Dan Witters are with the Gallup Organization, Washington, DC
| | - Dan Witters
- Carley Riley is with the Department of Clinical Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. Jeph Herrin, Harlan M. Krumholz, and Brita Roy are with the Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT. Veronica Lam is with Flying Buttress Associates, Charlottesville, VA. Allison A. Parsons is with the Division of Critical Care, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati. George A. Kaplan is with the School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. Diana Liu and Dan Witters are with the Gallup Organization, Washington, DC
| | - Harlan M Krumholz
- Carley Riley is with the Department of Clinical Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. Jeph Herrin, Harlan M. Krumholz, and Brita Roy are with the Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT. Veronica Lam is with Flying Buttress Associates, Charlottesville, VA. Allison A. Parsons is with the Division of Critical Care, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati. George A. Kaplan is with the School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. Diana Liu and Dan Witters are with the Gallup Organization, Washington, DC
| | - Brita Roy
- Carley Riley is with the Department of Clinical Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. Jeph Herrin, Harlan M. Krumholz, and Brita Roy are with the Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT. Veronica Lam is with Flying Buttress Associates, Charlottesville, VA. Allison A. Parsons is with the Division of Critical Care, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati. George A. Kaplan is with the School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. Diana Liu and Dan Witters are with the Gallup Organization, Washington, DC
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Riley C, Roy B, Lam V, Lawson K, Nakano L, Sun J, Contreras E, Hamar B, Herrin J. Can a collective-impact initiative improve well-being in three US communities? Findings from a prospective repeated cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e048378. [PMID: 34937711 PMCID: PMC8704973 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-048378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Communities are seeking to learn if and how they can improve the well-being of their residents. We therefore examined the impact of a community-led, collective-impact initiative, deployed through Blue Zones Project by Sharecare, aimed at improving health and well-being in one set of US communities. METHODS We used data from cross-sectional surveys of the Well-Being Index (2010-2017) to assess how the Life Evaluation Index (LEI) in Hermosa Beach, Manhattan Beach and Redondo Beach in California (Beach Cities) changed over time and how this change compares with change for similar cities (Beach Cities-like) and for the USA as a whole. We examined types of interventions, perceived impacts, and relationships between intervention type and change in LEI. RESULTS The Beach Cities experienced greater increases in LEI than Beach Cities-like communities and the nation. The entire portfolio of interventions was positively associated with change in LEI in the Beach Cities (+1.12, p=0.012), with process-oriented interventions most closely associated with improvement. CONCLUSIONS Community-led collective action that leverages community engagement and activation, strategic use of programming and large-scale built-environment and policy change can improve health and well-being at scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carley Riley
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Division of Critical Care, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Brita Roy
- Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Veronica Lam
- Flying Buttress Associates, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Kerianne Lawson
- Beach Cities Health District, Redondo Beach, California, USA
| | - Lauren Nakano
- Beach Cities Health District, Redondo Beach, California, USA
| | - Jacqueline Sun
- Beach Cities Health District, Redondo Beach, California, USA
| | | | | | - Jeph Herrin
- Flying Buttress Associates, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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