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Goodarzi G, Tehrani SS, Fana SE, Moradi-Sardareh H, Panahi G, Maniati M, Meshkani R. Crosstalk between Alzheimer's disease and diabetes: a focus on anti-diabetic drugs. Metab Brain Dis 2023; 38:1769-1800. [PMID: 37335453 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-023-01225-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are two of the most common age-related diseases. There is accumulating evidence of an overlap in the pathophysiological mechanisms of these two diseases. Studies have demonstrated insulin pathway alternation may interact with amyloid-β protein deposition and tau protein phosphorylation, two essential factors in AD. So attention to the use of anti-diabetic drugs in AD treatment has increased in recent years. In vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies have evaluated possible neuroprotective effects of anti-diabetic different medicines in AD, with some promising results. Here we review the evidence on the therapeutic potential of insulin, metformin, Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP1R), thiazolidinediones (TZDs), Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV (DPP IV) Inhibitors, Sulfonylureas, Sodium-glucose Cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) Inhibitors, Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, and Amylin analog against AD. Given that many questions remain unanswered, further studies are required to confirm the positive effects of anti-diabetic drugs in AD treatment. So to date, no particular anti-diabetic drugs can be recommended to treat AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Golnaz Goodarzi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Student Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pathobiology and Laboratory Sciences, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Sadra Samavarchi Tehrani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Student Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Ebrahimi Fana
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Student Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ghodratollah Panahi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmood Maniati
- English Department, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Reza Meshkani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Tang S, Fang C, Liu Y, Tang L, Xu Y. Anti-obesity and Anti-diabetic Effect of Ursolic Acid against Streptozotocin/High Fat Induced Obese in Diabetic Rats. J Oleo Sci 2022; 71:289-300. [PMID: 35034940 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess21258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is occurring due to continue taken high fat diet; this is the fast-growing problem reaching epidemic proportion globally. Ursolic acid altered the abnormal glucose metabolism in diabetic rats. In this experimental protocol, we examine ursolic acid (UA) anti-obesity effect against streptozotocin (STZ) and high-fat diet-induced obesity in rats. Orally administered the ursolic acid (2.5, 5 and 10 mg/kg) dose to the hyperglycemic rats for 8 weeks and estimated the blood glucose level at different time intervals. Biochemical, hepatic, lipid, renal and antioxidant parameters were estimated. Traf-4, Mapk-8, Traf-6 and genes such as Ins-1, ngn-3 and Pdx-1 mRNA expression were estimated using qRT-PCR to scrutinize the molecular mechanism in MAPK downstream JNK cascade and insulin pathway signalling pathways. Ursolic acid significantly (p<0.001) down-regulated the blood glucose level at dose dependent manner. Its also reduced the plasma insulin level, non-essential fatty acid and increased the level of adiponectin as compared to obese control group rats. Ursolic acid treated group rats reduced the level of total cholesterol and triglycerides. Ursolic-acid-treated rats have been shown to decrease oxidative stress in pancreatic tissue by restoring the free radical effect of scavenging, suppress the Traf-6, Mapk-8 and Traf-4 mRNA expression, enhance the expression of Pdx-1, Ins-1 and Ngn-3 and ensure the regeneration of pancreas β cells and therefore pancreas insulin. The current result suggested the anti-obese effect of ursolic acid against high fat diet (HFD) induced obese rats via alteration of insulin and JNK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiguo Tang
- Department Endocrinology, Ninth People's Hospital of Chongqing
| | - Chao Fang
- Department Endocrinology, Ninth People's Hospital of Chongqing
| | - Yuting Liu
- Department Endocrinology, Ninth People's Hospital of Chongqing
| | - Lihua Tang
- Department Endocrinology, Ninth People's Hospital of Chongqing
| | - Yuanyi Xu
- Department Endocrinology, Ninth People's Hospital of Chongqing
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Berdugo M, Delaunay K, Lebon C, Naud MC, Radet L, Zennaro L, Picard E, Daruich A, Beltrand J, Kermorvant-Duchemin E, Polak M, Crisanti P, Behar-Cohen FF. Long-Term Oral Treatment with Non-Hypoglycemic Dose of Glibenclamide Reduces Diabetic Retinopathy Damage in the Goto-KakizakiRat Model. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13071095. [PMID: 34371786 PMCID: PMC8308933 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13071095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) remains a major cause of vision loss, due to macular edema, retinal ischemia and death of retinal neurons. We previously demonstrated that acute administration of glibenclamide into the vitreous, or given orally at a non-hypoglycemic dose, protected the structure and the function of the retina in three animal models that each mimic aspects of diabetic retinopathy in humans. In this pilot study, we investigated whether one year of chronic oral glibenclamide, in a non-hypoglycemic regimen (Amglidia®, 0.4 mg/kg, Ammtek/Nordic Pharma, 5 d/week), could alleviate the retinopathy that develops in the Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rat. In vivo, retinal function was assessed by electroretinography (ERG), retinal thickness by optical coherence tomography (OCT) and retinal perfusion by fluorescein and indocyanin green angiographies. The integrity of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) that constitutes the outer retinal barrier was evaluated by quantitative analysis of the RPE morphology on flat-mounted fundus ex vivo. Oral glibenclamide did not significantly reduce the Hb1Ac levels but still improved retinal function, as witnessed by the reduction in scotopic implicit times, limited diabetes-induced neuroretinal thickening and the extension of ischemic areas, and it improved the capillary coverage. These results indicate that low doses of oral glibenclamide could still be beneficial for the prevention of type 2 diabetic retinopathy. Whether the retinas ofpatients treated specifically with glibenclamideare less at risk of developing diabetic complications remains to be demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Berdugo
- Physiopathology of Ocular Diseases: Therapeutic Innovations, Sorbonne University and Universityof Paris, Inserm UMRS 1138, F-75006 Paris, France; (M.B.); (K.D.); (C.L.); (M.-C.N.); (L.R.); (L.Z.); (E.P.); (A.D.); (E.K.-D.); (P.C.)
| | - Kimberley Delaunay
- Physiopathology of Ocular Diseases: Therapeutic Innovations, Sorbonne University and Universityof Paris, Inserm UMRS 1138, F-75006 Paris, France; (M.B.); (K.D.); (C.L.); (M.-C.N.); (L.R.); (L.Z.); (E.P.); (A.D.); (E.K.-D.); (P.C.)
| | - Cécile Lebon
- Physiopathology of Ocular Diseases: Therapeutic Innovations, Sorbonne University and Universityof Paris, Inserm UMRS 1138, F-75006 Paris, France; (M.B.); (K.D.); (C.L.); (M.-C.N.); (L.R.); (L.Z.); (E.P.); (A.D.); (E.K.-D.); (P.C.)
| | - Marie-Christine Naud
- Physiopathology of Ocular Diseases: Therapeutic Innovations, Sorbonne University and Universityof Paris, Inserm UMRS 1138, F-75006 Paris, France; (M.B.); (K.D.); (C.L.); (M.-C.N.); (L.R.); (L.Z.); (E.P.); (A.D.); (E.K.-D.); (P.C.)
| | - Lolita Radet
- Physiopathology of Ocular Diseases: Therapeutic Innovations, Sorbonne University and Universityof Paris, Inserm UMRS 1138, F-75006 Paris, France; (M.B.); (K.D.); (C.L.); (M.-C.N.); (L.R.); (L.Z.); (E.P.); (A.D.); (E.K.-D.); (P.C.)
| | - Léa Zennaro
- Physiopathology of Ocular Diseases: Therapeutic Innovations, Sorbonne University and Universityof Paris, Inserm UMRS 1138, F-75006 Paris, France; (M.B.); (K.D.); (C.L.); (M.-C.N.); (L.R.); (L.Z.); (E.P.); (A.D.); (E.K.-D.); (P.C.)
| | - Emilie Picard
- Physiopathology of Ocular Diseases: Therapeutic Innovations, Sorbonne University and Universityof Paris, Inserm UMRS 1138, F-75006 Paris, France; (M.B.); (K.D.); (C.L.); (M.-C.N.); (L.R.); (L.Z.); (E.P.); (A.D.); (E.K.-D.); (P.C.)
| | - Alejandra Daruich
- Physiopathology of Ocular Diseases: Therapeutic Innovations, Sorbonne University and Universityof Paris, Inserm UMRS 1138, F-75006 Paris, France; (M.B.); (K.D.); (C.L.); (M.-C.N.); (L.R.); (L.Z.); (E.P.); (A.D.); (E.K.-D.); (P.C.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, AP-HP Hospital University Necker-Sick Children, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Jacques Beltrand
- Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Gynecology and Diabetology, AP-HP Hospital University Necker-Sick Children, F-75015 Paris, France; (J.B.); (M.P.)
- Faculté de Santé, University of Paris, F-75006 Paris, France
- Institut Cochin, InsermU1016, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Elsa Kermorvant-Duchemin
- Physiopathology of Ocular Diseases: Therapeutic Innovations, Sorbonne University and Universityof Paris, Inserm UMRS 1138, F-75006 Paris, France; (M.B.); (K.D.); (C.L.); (M.-C.N.); (L.R.); (L.Z.); (E.P.); (A.D.); (E.K.-D.); (P.C.)
- Neonatal and Intensive Care Unit, AP-HP Hospital University Necker-Sick Children, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Michel Polak
- Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Gynecology and Diabetology, AP-HP Hospital University Necker-Sick Children, F-75015 Paris, France; (J.B.); (M.P.)
- Faculté de Santé, University of Paris, F-75006 Paris, France
- Institut Cochin, InsermU1016, F-75005 Paris, France
- Institute Imagine, InsermU1163, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Patricia Crisanti
- Physiopathology of Ocular Diseases: Therapeutic Innovations, Sorbonne University and Universityof Paris, Inserm UMRS 1138, F-75006 Paris, France; (M.B.); (K.D.); (C.L.); (M.-C.N.); (L.R.); (L.Z.); (E.P.); (A.D.); (E.K.-D.); (P.C.)
| | - Francine F. Behar-Cohen
- Physiopathology of Ocular Diseases: Therapeutic Innovations, Sorbonne University and Universityof Paris, Inserm UMRS 1138, F-75006 Paris, France; (M.B.); (K.D.); (C.L.); (M.-C.N.); (L.R.); (L.Z.); (E.P.); (A.D.); (E.K.-D.); (P.C.)
- Ophthalmology, AP-HP Hospital Cochin, F-75005 Paris, France
- Correspondence:
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