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Tavakoly Sany SB, Ahangari H, Rasoulifar A, Salimi M, Jamali J, Tehrani H. Nutrition self-efficacy intervention to improve nutritional status of Iranian older adults. JOURNAL OF HEALTH, POPULATION, AND NUTRITION 2024; 43:22. [PMID: 38308332 PMCID: PMC10837981 DOI: 10.1186/s41043-024-00519-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Older adults are a vulnerable group that is at risk of poor nutritional status, which can lead to disease and increase their healthcare costs. Our study aimed to investigate the impact of a self-efficacy intervention on the nutritional status of older adults. METHODS A controlled before and after study was conducted on 110 older adults in the Mashhad, Iran, from 2020 to 2022. Participants were randomly allocated to the intervention (n = 55) and control groups (n = 55). Participants in the intervention group received educational training that was based on the self-efficacy theory. The control group received the routine care. Data collection tools included demographic information questionnaire, Mini Nutritional Assessment Questionnaire, and standard self-efficacy questionnaire. The questionnaires were completed at baseline (before intervention), instantly after the intervention, and at 3-months follow-up by participants in both groups. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25 and the significance level was considered less than 0.05. RESULTS The Mean of nutritional status in the intervention group, at the baseline, immediately after intervention and 3 months of follow-up were 25.1 ± 2.3, 28.3 ± 5.2 and 27.6 ± 6., respectively. This increase was significant (p < 0.001). Our findings revealed that self-efficacy among participants in the intervention group significantly changed (P < 0.001) across time from baseline through follow-up. There was no significant difference in the mean of self-efficacy and nutritional status in the control group during the study period (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION This current study provided a basis to examine in the effectiveness of such intervention using a properly powered randomized controlled study. Therefore, it can be concluded that self-efficacy interventions are a promising approach to improving the nutritional behaviors of the older adults. TRIAL REGISTRATION IRCT20160619028529N9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Belin Tavakoly Sany
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Health, Safety and Environment, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamideh Ahangari
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Rasoulifar
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mitra Salimi
- Management Education District of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Jamshid Jamali
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hadi Tehrani
- Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Özceylan G, Findik İ. Comparison of anxiety and depression levels in caregivers of patients with percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy for home enteral tube feeding against other enteral nutrition methods. BMC Palliat Care 2024; 23:20. [PMID: 38247011 PMCID: PMC10802060 DOI: 10.1186/s12904-024-01360-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the study was to demonstrate whether the care burden of caregivers of bedridden patients, who experience feeding difficulties, decreases according to the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) (1) after the patient has undergone PEG (Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy). The hypothesis of the study was that the levels of anxiety and depression of caregivers for patients fed via PEG decrease more than those for caregivers of patients fed through other enteral methods. Based on this, the goal is to recommend to palliative care and home care professionals the type of feeding method for bedridden patients that will create less burden on their relatives. METHODS A comparison was made of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) scores among caregivers of patients receiving PEG and other enteral nutrition, focusing on changes between hospital admission and discharge. These changes were analyzed based on the caregiver's age, gender, and the duration of the patient's hospital stay. METHODS This study conducted a comparative analysis of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) scores among caregivers of patients receiving Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy (PEG) versus other forms of enteral nutrition. The focus was on the variation in these scores from the time of the patients' hospital admission to their discharge. This analysis incorporated an examination of how these changes correlated with the caregiver's age and gender, as well as the duration of the patient's hospitalization. RESULTS Despite longer hospital stays, a decrease in anxiety and depression was observed in caregivers of patients receiving PEG compared to the other group (p = 0.078). It was found that the decrease in anxiety and depression levels was less pronounced with increasing age of the caregiver (r=-0.202, p = 0.038). Hospital stay duration for patients receiving PEG was significantly longer than for those receiving other enteral nutrition methods (p = 0.017). CONCLUSIONS We believe that Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy (PEG) should be the preferred method for long-term enteral nutrition due to its facilitation of effective and comfortable feeding and medication administration by caregivers. In palliative care services, for patients requiring long-term nutrition, PEG should be considered more prominently than other enteral feeding methods to reduce the anxiety of caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gökmen Özceylan
- Tekirdağ DRIFC State Hospital palliative service, TekİrdaĞ, Turkey.
| | - İnahet Findik
- Tekirdağ DRIFC State Hospital palliative service, TekİrdaĞ, Turkey
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Padma Sri Lekha P, Irshad C, Abdul Azeez E, Irudaya Rajan S. Nutritional status of older adults in India: An exploration of the role of oral health and food insecurity factors. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21028. [PMID: 37886784 PMCID: PMC10597843 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In this study, we attempted to generate insights into the determinants of nutritional status among older adults in India by exploring the role of factors including oral health, food insecurity, socioeconomic, demographic and health-related variables. The study also examined the moderating role of tooth loss with the association between chewing ability and nutritional status. Methods The data was obtained from Longitudinal Ageing Study India (LASI) - Wave 1 (2017-18). The sample consisted of 27,411 older adults (Male = 13, 232; Female = 14, 179) aged 60 years and above. In addition to descriptive and bivariate analysis, we employed multinominal logistic regression analysis. Result There was a significant association between the ability to chew solid food and tooth loss in the nutritional status of older adults. It was further revealed that tooth loss acted as a moderator (aRRR = 1.50, 95 % CI: 1.08-2.08) between the chewing ability and the risk of being underweight. The weight loss due to food insecurity increased the relative risk ratio of being underweight (aRRR = 1.58, 95 % CI: 1.25-2.00). Further evidence showed that self-rated health (SRH), Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL), morbidity status and socioeconomic factors had a significant role in determining the nutritional status among older adults. Conclusion Chewing ability, tooth loss, and food insecurity determine nutritional status among older adults. It is suggested to care for oral and general physical health as these factors increase the risk of nutritional deficits. Also, policy measures should be strengthened to address the specific health and food security needs of older adults from vulnerable socioeconomic circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Padma Sri Lekha
- School of Social Sciences and Languages, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - C.V. Irshad
- School of Social Sciences and Languages, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
- The International Institute of Migration and Development, Trivandrum, Kerala, 695011, India
| | - E.P. Abdul Azeez
- School of Social Sciences and Languages, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - S. Irudaya Rajan
- The International Institute of Migration and Development, Trivandrum, Kerala, 695011, India
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Mezgebu GS, Petros L, Alemayew E, Abebaw G, Feleke FW. Magnitude of undernutrition and its association with dietary diversity among older persons in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis, 2023. J Nutr Sci 2023; 12:e102. [PMID: 37771505 PMCID: PMC10523292 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2023.84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Undernutrition in elders remains under-detected, under-treated, and under-resourced and leads to further weight loss, increased infections, and delay in recovery from illness as well as increased hospital admissions and length of stay. The reports of the findings were fragmented and inconsistent in Ethiopia. Therefore, the main objective of this meta-analysis was to estimate the pooled prevalence of undernutrition and its association with dietary diversity among older persons in Ethiopia. Online databases (Medline, PubMed, Scopus, and Science Direct), Google, Google Scholar, and other grey literature were used to search articles until the date of publication. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guideline was followed. The random effect model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence; whereas subgroup analysis and meta-regression were performed to identify the probable source of heterogeneity using Stata version 14.0 software. Out of 522 studies accessed, 14 met our criteria and were included in the study. A total of 7218 older people (aged above 60 years old) were included in the study. The pooled proportion of undernutrition among older persons in Ethiopia was 20⋅6 % (95 % CI 17⋅3, 23⋅8). Elders who consumed low dietary diversity scores were strongly associated with undernutrition among older persons. Therefore, promoting appropriate intervention strategies for elders to improve dietary diversity practices and nutritional status is crucial.
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Key Words
- AOR, adjusted odd ratio
- CDC, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- CI, confidence interval
- DDS, Dietary Diversity Score
- Dietary diversity
- FAO, Food and Agriculture Organization
- IDA, iron deficiency anaemia
- JBI, Joanna Briggs Institute
- LIC, low-income country
- Malnutrition
- MeSH, Medical Subject Headings
- Meta-analysis
- NGO, Non-Governmental Organization
- Older persons
- PRISMA, Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
- SNNP, Southern Nations, Nationalities, and People's Region
- SSA, sub-Saharan Africa
- Systematic review
- WHO, World Health Organization
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Affiliation(s)
- Getachew Sale Mezgebu
- Department of Human Nutrition, School of Human Nutrition and Food Science Technology, College of Agriculture, Hawassa University, PO Box 05, Hawassa, Ethiopia
| | - Legesse Petros
- Department of Human Nutrition, School of Human Nutrition and Food Science Technology, College of Agriculture, Hawassa University, PO Box 05, Hawassa, Ethiopia
| | - Etaferaw Alemayew
- Department of Human Nutrition, School of Human Nutrition and Food Science Technology, College of Agriculture, Hawassa University, PO Box 05, Hawassa, Ethiopia
| | - Gashaw Abebaw
- Department of Human Nutrition, School of Human Nutrition and Food Science Technology, College of Agriculture, Hawassa University, PO Box 05, Hawassa, Ethiopia
| | - Fentaw Wassie Feleke
- Department of Human Nutrition, School of Human Nutrition and Food Science Technology, College of Agriculture, Hawassa University, PO Box 05, Hawassa, Ethiopia
- Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Woldia University, PO Box 400, Woldia, Ethiopia
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Alghofaili AA, Aladel AI, Alsoghier AM, Othman F, Shoqeair MM, Alqahtani SM, Alnughaimish AM, Alanazi BA, AI Mosallam SA, Alharbi AS, Alquraishi M. Association of Oral and General Health with Nutritional Status of Older Adults Attending Two Medical Centers in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:4032. [PMID: 37764815 PMCID: PMC10534773 DOI: 10.3390/nu15184032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Malnutrition could profoundly affect older adults' oral health and quality of life, whereas oral health might, in turn, impact dietary intake and nutritional status. The present study aimed to investigate the association between general and oral health and nutritional status among older adults attending nutrition clinics at two main medical centers in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. A cross-section study was carried out among adult patients (≥60 years) who attended a geriatric clinic or nutrition clinic at King Khalid University Hospital or King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh. A validated clinician's Mini Nutritional Assessment Short-Form (MNA-SF), Oral Health Impact Profile-5 (OHIP-5), and 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36) were collected from each participant. A total of 261 participants with a mean age of 72.14 (±8.97) years were recruited. Diabetes (71%) and hypertension (80%) were present in the majority of patients. The overall MNA-SF score was (10 ± 3). Based on the categorization of the MNA-SF score, 65.9% were classified as malnourished or at risk of malnutrition. Participants with OHIP-5 scores higher than the median (>5) were more likely to be malnourished than those with scores at or lower than 5 (p < 0). The adjusted odd ratio for the MNA-SF score categories indicated that for a one-unit increase in the total SF-36 score, the odds of the malnourished category are 0.94 times less than the risk of malnutrition and normal nutritional status, with OR 0.97 (95% CI 0.94-0.95). Malnutrition or being at risk of malnutrition is likely associated with poor general and oral health. Healthcare providers need to incorporate dietitians into care plans to promote the nutritional health of older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alghaliyah A. Alghofaili
- Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia or (A.A.A.); (B.A.A.); (S.A.A.M.); (M.A.)
| | - Alanoud I. Aladel
- Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia or (A.A.A.); (B.A.A.); (S.A.A.M.); (M.A.)
| | - Abdullah M. Alsoghier
- Department of Oral Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Fatmah Othman
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia;
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mustafa M. Shoqeair
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, King Khalid University Hospital (KKUH), Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia (S.M.A.); (A.M.A.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Saud M. Alqahtani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, King Khalid University Hospital (KKUH), Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia (S.M.A.); (A.M.A.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Ali M. Alnughaimish
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, King Khalid University Hospital (KKUH), Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia (S.M.A.); (A.M.A.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Badryh A. Alanazi
- Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia or (A.A.A.); (B.A.A.); (S.A.A.M.); (M.A.)
| | - Sara A. AI Mosallam
- Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia or (A.A.A.); (B.A.A.); (S.A.A.M.); (M.A.)
| | - Azzam S. Alharbi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, King Khalid University Hospital (KKUH), Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia (S.M.A.); (A.M.A.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Mohammed Alquraishi
- Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia or (A.A.A.); (B.A.A.); (S.A.A.M.); (M.A.)
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Zhao X, Zhang Q, Tao S, Zhou W, Jia PY. Association of edentulism and all-cause mortality in Chinese older adults: do sex differences exist? Public Health 2023; 221:184-189. [PMID: 37473651 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Previous studies revealed that tooth loss or edentulism was related to mortality. However, research in developing countries with large numbers of elderly populations is rare, and whether sex differences exist in this relationship is unknown. This study aimed to investigate the association between edentulism and 7-year all-cause mortality among older adults in China and whether sex differences existed. STUDY DESIGN This was a prospective cohort study. METHODS Data were from 2011 to 2018 waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. A total of 6538 participants aged ≥60 years were included. Logistic models were adopted to estimate the risks of mortality according to edentulism. RESULTS The participants with edentulism at baseline were 20% more likely to die over 7 years after controlling for a set of covariates (odds ratio [OR] = 1.20, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02-1.42). Moreover, edentulism was associated with a 35% higher odds of death among male participants (OR = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.08-1.70), whereas a significant association was not found in female participants. CONCLUSIONS The findings demonstrated that baseline edentulism predicted all-cause mortality in Chinese older adults, and sex differences existed in this association. This study implied the importance of developing oral health education programs, incorporating dietary recommendations into dental care for edentulous patients, and expanding the coverage of dental services in the health insurance system to prevent edentulism and alleviate its negative outcomes for older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Zhao
- School of Health Humanities, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Q Zhang
- National School of Development, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - S Tao
- School of Health Humanities, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - W Zhou
- Research Center for Public Health and Social Security, School of Public Administration, Hunan University, Hunan, China.
| | - P-Y Jia
- Department of the Fourth Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, China.
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