1
|
Berg KM, Bray JE, Ng KC, Liley HG, Greif R, Carlson JN, Morley PT, Drennan IR, Smyth M, Scholefield BR, Weiner GM, Cheng A, Djärv T, Abelairas-Gómez C, Acworth J, Andersen LW, Atkins DL, Berry DC, Bhanji F, Bierens J, Bittencourt Couto T, Borra V, Böttiger BW, Bradley RN, Breckwoldt J, Cassan P, Chang WT, Charlton NP, Chung SP, Considine J, Costa-Nobre DT, Couper K, Dainty KN, Dassanayake V, Davis PG, Dawson JA, Fernanda de Almeida M, De Caen AR, Deakin CD, Dicker B, Douma MJ, Eastwood K, El-Naggar W, Fabres JG, Fawke J, Fijacko N, Finn JC, Flores GE, Foglia EE, Folke F, Gilfoyle E, Goolsby CA, Granfeldt A, Guerguerian AM, Guinsburg R, Hatanaka T, Hirsch KG, Holmberg MJ, Hosono S, Hsieh MJ, Hsu CH, Ikeyama T, Isayama T, Johnson NJ, Kapadia VS, Daripa Kawakami M, Kim HS, Kleinman ME, Kloeck DA, Kudenchuk P, Kule A, Kurosawa H, Lagina AT, Lauridsen KG, Lavonas EJ, Lee HC, Lin Y, Lockey AS, Macneil F, Maconochie IK, John Madar R, Malta Hansen C, Masterson S, Matsuyama T, McKinlay CJD, Meyran D, Monnelly V, Nadkarni V, Nakwa FL, Nation KJ, Nehme Z, Nemeth M, Neumar RW, Nicholson T, Nikolaou N, Nishiyama C, Norii T, Nuthall GA, Ohshimo S, Olasveengen TM, Gene Ong YK, Orkin AM, Parr MJ, Patocka C, Perkins GD, Perlman JM, Rabi Y, Raitt J, Ramachandran S, Ramaswamy VV, Raymond TT, Reis AG, Reynolds JC, Ristagno G, Rodriguez-Nunez A, Roehr CC, Rüdiger M, Sakamoto T, Sandroni C, Sawyer TL, Schexnayder SM, Schmölzer GM, Schnaubelt S, Semeraro F, Singletary EM, Skrifvars MB, Smith CM, Soar J, Stassen W, Sugiura T, Tijssen JA, Topjian AA, Trevisanuto D, Vaillancourt C, Wyckoff MH, Wyllie JP, Yang CW, Yeung J, Zelop CM, Zideman DA, Nolan JP. 2023 International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations: Summary From the Basic Life Support; Advanced Life Support; Pediatric Life Support; Neonatal Life Support; Education, Implementation, and Teams; and First Aid Task Forces. Resuscitation 2024; 195:109992. [PMID: 37937881 DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2023.109992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
The International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation engages in a continuous review of new, peer-reviewed, published cardiopulmonary resuscitation and first aid science. Draft Consensus on Science With Treatment Recommendations are posted online throughout the year, and this annual summary provides more concise versions of the final Consensus on Science With Treatment Recommendations from all task forces for the year. Topics addressed by systematic reviews this year include resuscitation of cardiac arrest from drowning, extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation for adults and children, calcium during cardiac arrest, double sequential defibrillation, neuroprognostication after cardiac arrest for adults and children, maintaining normal temperature after preterm birth, heart rate monitoring methods for diagnostics in neonates, detection of exhaled carbon dioxide in neonates, family presence during resuscitation of adults, and a stepwise approach to resuscitation skills training. Members from 6 International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation task forces have assessed, discussed, and debated the quality of the evidence, using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation criteria, and their statements include consensus treatment recommendations. Insights into the deliberations of the task forces are provided in the Justification and Evidence-to-Decision Framework Highlights sections. In addition, the task forces list priority knowledge gaps for further research. Additional topics are addressed with scoping reviews and evidence updates.
Collapse
|
2
|
Berg KM, Bray JE, Ng KC, Liley HG, Greif R, Carlson JN, Morley PT, Drennan IR, Smyth M, Scholefield BR, Weiner GM, Cheng A, Djärv T, Abelairas-Gómez C, Acworth J, Andersen LW, Atkins DL, Berry DC, Bhanji F, Bierens J, Bittencourt Couto T, Borra V, Böttiger BW, Bradley RN, Breckwoldt J, Cassan P, Chang WT, Charlton NP, Chung SP, Considine J, Costa-Nobre DT, Couper K, Dainty KN, Dassanayake V, Davis PG, Dawson JA, de Almeida MF, De Caen AR, Deakin CD, Dicker B, Douma MJ, Eastwood K, El-Naggar W, Fabres JG, Fawke J, Fijacko N, Finn JC, Flores GE, Foglia EE, Folke F, Gilfoyle E, Goolsby CA, Granfeldt A, Guerguerian AM, Guinsburg R, Hatanaka T, Hirsch KG, Holmberg MJ, Hosono S, Hsieh MJ, Hsu CH, Ikeyama T, Isayama T, Johnson NJ, Kapadia VS, Kawakami MD, Kim HS, Kleinman ME, Kloeck DA, Kudenchuk P, Kule A, Kurosawa H, Lagina AT, Lauridsen KG, Lavonas EJ, Lee HC, Lin Y, Lockey AS, Macneil F, Maconochie IK, Madar RJ, Malta Hansen C, Masterson S, Matsuyama T, McKinlay CJD, Meyran D, Monnelly V, Nadkarni V, Nakwa FL, Nation KJ, Nehme Z, Nemeth M, Neumar RW, Nicholson T, Nikolaou N, Nishiyama C, Norii T, Nuthall GA, Ohshimo S, Olasveengen TM, Ong YKG, Orkin AM, Parr MJ, Patocka C, Perkins GD, Perlman JM, Rabi Y, Raitt J, Ramachandran S, Ramaswamy VV, Raymond TT, Reis AG, Reynolds JC, Ristagno G, Rodriguez-Nunez A, Roehr CC, Rüdiger M, Sakamoto T, Sandroni C, Sawyer TL, Schexnayder SM, Schmölzer GM, Schnaubelt S, Semeraro F, Singletary EM, Skrifvars MB, Smith CM, Soar J, Stassen W, Sugiura T, Tijssen JA, Topjian AA, Trevisanuto D, Vaillancourt C, Wyckoff MH, Wyllie JP, Yang CW, Yeung J, Zelop CM, Zideman DA, Nolan JP. 2023 International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations: Summary From the Basic Life Support; Advanced Life Support; Pediatric Life Support; Neonatal Life Support; Education, Implementation, and Teams; and First Aid Task Forces. Circulation 2023; 148:e187-e280. [PMID: 37942682 PMCID: PMC10713008 DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000001179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
The International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation engages in a continuous review of new, peer-reviewed, published cardiopulmonary resuscitation and first aid science. Draft Consensus on Science With Treatment Recommendations are posted online throughout the year, and this annual summary provides more concise versions of the final Consensus on Science With Treatment Recommendations from all task forces for the year. Topics addressed by systematic reviews this year include resuscitation of cardiac arrest from drowning, extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation for adults and children, calcium during cardiac arrest, double sequential defibrillation, neuroprognostication after cardiac arrest for adults and children, maintaining normal temperature after preterm birth, heart rate monitoring methods for diagnostics in neonates, detection of exhaled carbon dioxide in neonates, family presence during resuscitation of adults, and a stepwise approach to resuscitation skills training. Members from 6 International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation task forces have assessed, discussed, and debated the quality of the evidence, using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation criteria, and their statements include consensus treatment recommendations. Insights into the deliberations of the task forces are provided in the Justification and Evidence-to-Decision Framework Highlights sections. In addition, the task forces list priority knowledge gaps for further research. Additional topics are addressed with scoping reviews and evidence updates.
Collapse
|
3
|
Abraham J, Alva J, Vinish V. Assessment of knowledge, readiness, and barriers hindering the performance of first aid measures in emergency situations among non-healthcare professionals of selected organizations of Udupi Taluk. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2023; 12:359. [PMID: 38144004 PMCID: PMC10743846 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_1860_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A medical emergency is an unexpected event that poses a threat to one's health and safety. An individual who has received adequate first aid training is prepared to administer first aid promptly and effectively to a person in need until the arrival of medical assistance to prevent future problems that could result in disability or death. This study aims to assess the knowledge, readiness, and barriers to perform first aid measures. MATERIALS AND METHODS A descriptive survey was used to collect data from 384 non-healthcare professionals of selected organizations of Udupi Taluk with the help of a structured questionnaire from January 21, 2022 to April 13, 2022. The self-structured tool was validated with experts from the subject areas and reliability was obtained by using the Split half method (0.78) for the knowledge questionnaire, readiness scale by using Cronbach's alpha and the reliability coefficient was 0.80, and barrier checklist was accomplished by a test-retest method and reliability coefficient of 0.76. Data was organized, and frequency, percentage, and Chi-square analysis were performed using SPSS 16.0 version (IBM Corporation Business analytics software portfolio). RESULTS The results revealed that out of 384 samples, 261 (68%) non-healthcare professionals had average first aid knowledge, and 359 (93.4%) of the samples were found to be willing to administer first aid in an emergency. The six hurdles identified to performing first aid were language 365 (95.1%), lack of information 344 (89.6%), lack of training 341 (88.8%), legal concerns 274 (71.4%), fear 230 (59.9%), and lack of confidence 68 (17.7%). CONCLUSION The first aid knowledge among non-healthcare workers is generally average. Thus, the readiness of the non-healthcare professionals can be enhanced by improving their knowledge and reducing the barriers perceived by the non-healthcare professionals to provide first aid during a medical emergency with the help of first aid training and reading materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julliet Abraham
- Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Manipal College of Nursing Manipal, MAHE, Karnataka, India
| | - Janet Alva
- Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Manipal College of Nursing Manipal, MAHE, Karnataka, India
| | - V Vinish
- Department of Community Health Nursing, Manipal College of Nursing Manipal, MAHE, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ko YC, Hsieh MJ, Schnaubelt S, Matsuyama T, Cheng A, Greif R. Disparities in layperson resuscitation education: A scoping review. Am J Emerg Med 2023; 72:137-146. [PMID: 37531710 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2023.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this scoping review was to identify factors that would enable or hinder the opportunity for laypersons to undertake resuscitation education. METHODS We searched PubMed, Ovid EMBASE, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) to identify studies published from January 1, 1966 to December 31, 2022 including factors that could influence laypersons to undertake resuscitation education. Data regarding participant characteristics, interventions, and design and outcomes of included studies were extracted. RESULTS Of the initially identified 6627 studies, 23 studies (20 cross-sectional and 3 cohort studies) were finally included. Among them, a wide variety of enablers and barriers were identified. High heterogeneity among studies was observed. We categorized factors into three themes: personal factors (age, sex, race, family status, language, prior experience of resuscitation, and immigration status), socioeconomic and educational factors (income, societal status, occupation and legislation, and educational attainment), and geographic factors (birthplace and habitancy). Several barriers were identified that affect laypersons from participating in resuscitation training, such as personal factors like advanced age, lower socioeconomic and educational status, as well as being part of marginalized groups due to race or language barriers. On the other hand, several enablers identified in the study included prior experiences of witnessing someone collapsing, awareness of automated external defibrillators in public locations, certain occupations, or legal requirements for training. CONCLUSIONS Various barriers and enablers were found to influence laypersons to participate in resuscitation training. To enhance layperson response to cardiac arrest, targeted initiatives that aim to eliminate barriers need to be initiated, and further research is required to explore factors relating to populations with special needs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Chih Ko
- Section of Emergency Medicine, Department of Medicine, National Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ju Hsieh
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | | | - Tasuku Matsuyama
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Adam Cheng
- Departments of Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Robert Greif
- University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; and School of Medicine, Sigmund Freud University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
The implementation of a community-centered first aid education program for older adults-community health workers perceived barriers. BMC Health Serv Res 2023; 23:128. [PMID: 36755241 PMCID: PMC9905768 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-09142-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Older adults are a high-risk group for accidental injuries, and strengthening training in first aid for older adults can improve their first aid capabilities and minimize their post-accident mortality. Community health workers are the greatest option to equip older adults with first aid instruction and training. However, the development of first aid education for the public by community health workers fails to take into account the elderly population. In view of this, this study aims to explore the barriers and challenges of first aid training for older adults from the perspective of community health workers and to provide a basis for better first-aid training for older adults in the community. METHODS This study adopted a qualitative research design. A total of 18 community health workers were recruited from two community health service centers in Qujing and one community health service center in Guangzhou from May to July 2022 to participate in the study. Participants were interviewed face-to-face using semi-structured in-depth interviews. The interview data were analyzed using Krippendorff's thematic clustering technique. RESULTS The results of the study identified community health workers' perceived challenges and barriers to providing first aid training to older adults in the community as older adults-level barriers, community health workers-level barriers, management systems-level barriers, and society-level barriers. CONCLUSIONS Community health workers are highly aware of multiple barriers and challenges in providing first aid training to community-based elderly populations. In particular, lack of professional training, heavy workloads, and limited resources and financial support. Therefore, supportive training, policies, and government funding are crucial for community health workers to conduct first aid training for older adults.
Collapse
|
6
|
Munot S, Redfern J, Bray JE, Angell B, Bauman A, Coggins A, Denniss AR, Ferry C, Jennings G, Kovoor P, Kumar S, Lai K, Khanlari S, Marschner S, Middleton PM, Nelson M, Opperman I, Semsarian C, Taylor L, Vukasovic M, Ware S, Chow C. Improving community-based first response to out of hospital cardiac arrest (FirstCPR): protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e057175. [PMID: 35680270 PMCID: PMC9185498 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-057175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is associated with poor survival outcomes, but prompt bystander action can more than double survival rates. Being trained, confident and willing-to-perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) are known predictors of bystander action. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of a community organisation targeted multicomponent education and training initiative on being willing to respond to OHCAs. The study employs a novel approach to reaching community members via social and cultural groups, and the intervention aims to address commonly cited barriers to training including lack of availability, time and costs. METHODS AND ANALYSIS FirstCPR is a cluster randomised trial that will be conducted across 200 community groups in urban and regional Australia. It will target community groups where CPR training is not usual. Community groups (clusters) will be stratified by region, size and organisation type, and then randomly assigned to either immediately receive the intervention programme, comprising digital and in-person education and training opportunities about CPR and OHCA over 12 months, or a delayed programme implementation. The primary outcome is self-reported 'training and willingness-to-perform CPR' at 12 months. It will be assessed through surveys of group members that consent in intervention versus control groups and administered prior to control groups receiving the intervention. The primary analysis will follow intention-to-treat principles, use log binomial regression accounting for baseline covariates and be conducted at the individual level, while accounting for clustering within communities. Focus groups and interviews will be conducted to examine barriers and enablers to implementation and costs will also be examined. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval was obtained from The University of Sydney. Findings from this study will be disseminated via presentations at scientific conferences, publications in peer-reviewed journals, scientific and lay reports. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ACTRN12621000367842.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonali Munot
- Westmead Applied Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Julie Redfern
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Newtown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Janet E Bray
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Blake Angell
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Newtown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Adrian Bauman
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Andrew Coggins
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alan Robert Denniss
- Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Cate Ferry
- NSW Division, Heart Foundation, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Garry Jennings
- Sydney Health Partners, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Pramesh Kovoor
- Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Saurabh Kumar
- Westmead Applied Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kevin Lai
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sarah Khanlari
- Centre for Epidemiology and Evidence, NSW Ministry of Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Simone Marschner
- Westmead Applied Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Paul M Middleton
- Emergency Department, Ingham Institute, Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia
- The MARCS Institute for Brain, Behaviour and Development, Milperra, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michael Nelson
- Centre for Epidemiology and Evidence, NSW Ministry of Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ian Opperman
- NSW Data Analytics Centre, NSW Government, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Christopher Semsarian
- Agnes Ginges Centre for Molecular Cardiology, Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lee Taylor
- Centre for Epidemiology and Evidence, NSW Ministry of Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Matthew Vukasovic
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sandra Ware
- Ambulance Service of NSW, Rozelle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Clara Chow
- Westmead Applied Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Newtown, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Dolenc E, Kolšek M, Slabe D, Eržen I. Tailoring First Aid Courses to Older Adults Participants. HEALTH EDUCATION & BEHAVIOR 2021; 49:697-707. [PMID: 34350809 PMCID: PMC9350451 DOI: 10.1177/10901981211026531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Relevant organizations emphasize the importance of first aid (FA) for older
adults due to the increased risk of injuries and sudden illnesses in old age.
Even though FA training guidelines have been developed, no program for an FA
course adapted for the older adults has been formally adopted in Europe. This
study’s objective is to identify older adults’ needs, beliefs, desires,
advantages, and possible limitations in connection with FA. This qualitative
study used semistructured interviews with 22 laypersons and retired health
professionals older than 60 years old. The qualitative content analysis
indicated that the major themes elicited by the older adults are motivation to
participate in the FA training, older adults’ specific features as a resource or
obstacle for participating in FA training, general suggestions, and content
suggestions for FA training. Older adults are very differently motivated to
participate in FA training due to the heterogeneity of their psychophysical
abilities. They need and want to obtain additional knowledge from the field of
FA and health protection for which any psychophysical limitations are not as
relevant as when learning cardiopulmonary resuscitation. They want to learn how
to recognize emergency situations and more about calling emergency services with
the use of modern technology. In addition to cardiopulmonary resuscitation
without rescue breaths, they also want to learn about topics related to the
treatment of injuries. Those who had practiced FA in their work–life think that
they can be a good source to transfer their knowledge to persons from their
generation. While planning an FA training course, it has to be taken into
consideration that older adults want a short course, adjusted to their varied
psychophysical abilities. Due to the wide array of contents they want to learn,
it would be reasonable to prepare a selection of different programs for short
training courses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Dolenc
- University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | | | - Ivan Eržen
- University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Riccò M, Berrone M, Vezzosi L, Gualerzi G, Canal C, De Paolis G, Schallenberg G. Factors influencing the willingness to perform bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation on the workplace: a study from North-Eastern Italy. ACTA BIO-MEDICA : ATENEI PARMENSIS 2020; 91:e2020180. [PMID: 33525292 PMCID: PMC7927506 DOI: 10.23750/abm.v91i4.8593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background: Early bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) improves the chances of successful resuscitation and survival. However, few data are available regarding the willingness to perform CPR among First Aid Attendants on the Workplace (FAAWs) in Italy. The present study was performed in order to identify current attitudes of Italian FAAWs towards CPR. Methods: Between February and June 2017, FAAWs from the Autonomous Province of Trento were asked about their willingness to perform CPR through a structured questionnaire assessing their knowledge about CPR, and the reasons for hesitancy. A cumulative knowledge score (KS) was eventually calculated. Results: A total of 123 FAAWs (male 57.7%, mean age 45.2 years ± 10.1) completed the questionnaire. About 1/3 of participants (32.5%) had previously performed First Aid procedures. Overall, 77.2% exhibited willingness to perform CPR, and such attitude was more frequently reported by subjects younger than 40 years (29.5% vs. 10.7% in older subjects; p=0.045), perceiving First Aid training as useful (98.9% vs. 84.7%, p=0.002), and exhibiting a better knowledge of CPR (KS≥75%: 47.4% vs. 15.3%). The reasons for the unwillingness were inadequate knowledge and doubt regarding whether they could perform the techniques effectively. Eventually, KS was identified as the main predictor for willingness to perform CPR (OR 4.450, 95%CI 1.442-14.350). Conclusions: Willingness to perform CPR was seemingly high, and knowledge of CPR techniques was its main predictor. These findings emphasize the importance for an accurate CPR training, as well as for the surveillance of the quality of qualification courses.(www.actabiomedica.it)
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Riccò
- Azienda USL di Reggio EmiliaV.le Amendola n.2 - 42122 REServizio di Prevenzione e Sicurezza negli Ambienti di Lavoro (SPSAL)Dip. di Prevenzione.
| | - Mirco Berrone
- Provincial Agency for Health Services (APSS) of the Autonomous Province of Trento Department of Prevention, Operative Unit for Health and Safety in the Workplaces, Trento (TN).
| | - Luigi Vezzosi
- Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale di Cremona, Direzione Medica Ospedale di Cremona.
| | - Giovanni Gualerzi
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma (PR).
| | - Chiara Canal
- Provincial Agency for Health Services (APSS) of the Autonomous Province of Trento Department of Prevention, Operative Unit for Health and Safety in the Workplaces, Trento (TN).
| | - Giuseppe De Paolis
- Provincial Agency for Health Services (APSS) of the Autonomous Province of Trento Department of Prevention, Operative Unit for Health and Safety in the Workplaces, Trento (TN).
| | - Gert Schallenberg
- Provincial Agency for Health Services (APSS) of the Autonomous Province of Trento Department of Prevention, Operative Unit for Health and Safety in the Workplaces, Trento (TN).
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ndile ML, Saveman BI, Lukumay GG, Mkoka DA, Outwater AH, Backteman-Erlanson S. Traffic police officers' use of first aid skills at work: a qualitative content analysis of focus group discussions in Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. BMC Emerg Med 2020; 20:72. [PMID: 32912156 PMCID: PMC7488336 DOI: 10.1186/s12873-020-00368-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The World Health Organisation (WHO) recommends involving lay people in prehospital care. Several training programmes have been implemented to build lay responder first aid skills. Findings show that most programmes significantly improved participants’ first aid skills. However, there is a gap in knowledge of what factors influence the use of these skills in real situations. The current study aimed to describe police officers’ views on and experiences of factors that facilitate or hinder their use of trained first aid skills at work. Methods Thirty-four police officers participated in five focus group discussions. A structured interview guide was used to collect data. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were analysed using qualitative content analysis. Results We identified five categories of facilitators or hindrances. Training exposure was considered a facilitator; work situation and hospital atmosphere were considered hindrances; and the physical and social environments and the resources available for providing first aid could be either facilitators or hindrances. Conclusion Practical exposure during training is perceived to improve police officers’ confidence in applying their first aid skills at work. However, contextual factors related to the working environment need to be addressed to promote this transfer of skills.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Menti L Ndile
- Department of Clinical Nursing, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS), P.O. Box 65001, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
| | | | - Gift G Lukumay
- Department of Community Nursing, MUHAS, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Dickson A Mkoka
- Department of Clinical Nursing, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS), P.O. Box 65001, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Anne H Outwater
- Department of Community Nursing, MUHAS, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hawkes CA, Brown TP, Booth S, Fothergill RT, Siriwardena N, Zakaria S, Askew S, Williams J, Rees N, Ji C, Perkins GD. Attitudes to Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Defibrillator Use: A Survey of UK Adults in 2017. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 8:e008267. [PMID: 30917733 PMCID: PMC6509714 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.117.008267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and public access defibrillator (PAD) use can save the lives of people who experience out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest. Little is known about the proportions of UK adults trained, their characteristics and willingness to act if witnessing an out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest, or the public's knowledge regarding where the nearest PAD is located. Methods and Results An online survey was administered by YouGov to a nonprobabilistic purposive sample of UK adults, achieving 2084 participants, from a panel that was matched to be representative of the population. We used descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression modeling for analysis. Almost 52% were women, 61% were aged <55 years, and 19% had witnessed an out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest. Proportions ever trained were 57% in chest‐compression‐only CPR, 59% in CPR, and 19.4% in PAD use. Most with training in any resuscitation technique had trained at work (54.7%). Compared with people not trained, those trained in PAD use said they were more likely to use one (odds ratio: 2.61), and those trained in CPR or chest‐compression‐only CPR were more likely to perform it (odds ratio: 5.39). Characteristics associated with being trained in any resuscitation technique included youth, female sex, higher social grade, and full‐time employment. Conclusions In the United Kingdom, training makes a difference in people's willingness to act in the event of a cardiac arrest. Although there is considerable opportunity to increase the proportion of the general population trained in CPR, consideration should be also given to encouraging training in PAD use and targeting training for those who are older or from lower social grades.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claire A Hawkes
- 1 Warwick Clinical Trials Unit Warwick Medical School University of Warwick Coventry United Kingdom
| | - Terry P Brown
- 1 Warwick Clinical Trials Unit Warwick Medical School University of Warwick Coventry United Kingdom
| | - Scott Booth
- 1 Warwick Clinical Trials Unit Warwick Medical School University of Warwick Coventry United Kingdom
| | - Rachael T Fothergill
- 3 Clinical Audit and Research London Ambulance Service NHS Trust London United Kingdom
| | | | - Sana Zakaria
- 9 Strategy and International Affairs British Heart Foundation London United Kingdom
| | - Sara Askew
- 5 Healthcare Innovation Directorate British Heart Foundation London United Kingdom
| | - Julia Williams
- 6 Research and Development Department South East Coast Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust Crawley United Kingdom
| | - Nigel Rees
- 7 School of Health and Social Work;University of Hertfordshire Hatfield United Kingdom.,8 Welsh Ambulance Service NHS Trust Research and Innovation Institute of Life Science Swansea University Wales United Kingdom
| | - Chen Ji
- 1 Warwick Clinical Trials Unit Warwick Medical School University of Warwick Coventry United Kingdom
| | - Gavin D Perkins
- 1 Warwick Clinical Trials Unit Warwick Medical School University of Warwick Coventry United Kingdom.,2 Intensive Care Medicine University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust Birmingham United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Doucet L, Lammens R, Hendrickx S, Dewolf P. App-based learning as an alternative for instructors in teaching basic life support to school children: a randomized control trial. Acta Clin Belg 2019; 74:317-325. [PMID: 30105946 DOI: 10.1080/17843286.2018.1500766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Background: The importance of early cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) during an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) cannot be emphasized enough and has a major impact on survival. Unfortunately, CPR education in schools is often inadequate or non-existing due to lack of educators and financial resources. The introduction of application-based teaching could facilitate education as no instructor is needed. The aim of present study is to compare app-based self-teaching (intervention group) with a traditional instructor-led course (control group). This trial is in line with the endorsement of training school children by the World Health Organization (WHO). Methods: This randomized controlled trial contains 165 participants between 16 and 18 years. The control group followed an instructor-led course, while the intervention group used a tablet application to complete a self-education course.Both groups were taught in separated classes during 40 min and used manikins and automated external defibrillator (AED) trainer kits. Before and after training, both groups were evaluated in a practical test to examine their skills (an overall score and sub-scores on different sections were obtained, following ERC 2015 guidelines). Results: No significant difference (p = 0.304) in overall teaching effectiveness was found between both groups. Although, in a sub-analysis, we found significantly better results for the instructor group for checking airway (p = 0.018), asking for an AED (p < 0.01) and shocking the patient (p = 0.002). Conclusions: App-based teaching can be a valuable alternative for classic instructor-based education. Yet new apps have to be evaluated before being implemented in CPR education.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laurens Doucet
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | | | - Phillipe Dewolf
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Villalobos F, Del Pozo A, Rey-Reñones C, Granado-Font E, Sabaté-Lissner D, Poblet-Calaf C, Basora J, Castro A, Flores-Mateo G. Lay People Training in CPR and in the Use of an Automated External Defibrillator, and Its Social Impact: A Community Health Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16162870. [PMID: 31405209 PMCID: PMC6721220 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16162870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) mortality remains high. The best survival rates are achieved when trained people provide OHCA victims with cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR); however, it is estimated that only 25% of victims receive CPR. This community health study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a training programme in basic CPR and in the use of an automatic external defibrillator (AED) on knowledge and skills for lay people, and its social impact. The training courses were based on Catalan Council of Resuscitation guidelines. Data were collected on sociodemographic characteristics, evaluation of knowledge and practical skills at baseline and at the end of the training courses, and also on the social impact of the programme. A total of 36 training courses with 482 participants were carried out, and most participants achieved a qualification of suitable. The mean score in knowledge was 3.1 ± 1.1 at baseline and 3.8 ± 1.2 (p = 0.001) at the end of the programme. Participants rated the training courses as very satisfactory, considered the training useful, and felt more qualified to respond to an emergency. This study shows that a high percentage of participants acquired skills in basic CPR and use of an AED, which confirms the usefulness and effectiveness of training courses and its important social impact.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Villalobos
- Research Support Unit Tarragona-Reus, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Reus 43202, Spain
| | - Albert Del Pozo
- Research Group in Primary Care Research Technologies (TICS-AP, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Reus 43202, Spain
- Primary Care Centre Falset, Tarragona Regional Management, Catalan Institute of Health, Tarragona 43730, Spain
| | - Cristina Rey-Reñones
- Research Support Unit Tarragona-Reus, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Reus 43202, Spain.
- Research Group in Primary Care Research Technologies (TICS-AP, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Reus 43202, Spain.
- Nursing Department. University Rovira i Virgili. Tarragona 43002, Spain.
| | - Ester Granado-Font
- Research Group in Primary Care Research Technologies (TICS-AP, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Reus 43202, Spain
- Primary Care Centre Horts de Miró, Tarragona Regional Management, Catalan Institute of Health, Reus 43204, Spain
| | - David Sabaté-Lissner
- Primary Care Centre CUAP, Tarragona Regional Management, Catalan Institute of Health, Reus 43202, Spain
| | - Carme Poblet-Calaf
- Primary Care Centre Horts de Miró, Tarragona Regional Management, Catalan Institute of Health, Reus 43204, Spain
| | - Josep Basora
- Research Support Unit Tarragona-Reus, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Reus 43202, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus 43201, Spain
| | - Antoni Castro
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus 43201, Spain
- Internal Medicine Department, Sant Joan de Reus University Hospital, Reus 43204, Spain
| | - Gemma Flores-Mateo
- Research Group in Primary Care Research Technologies (TICS-AP, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Reus 43202, Spain
- Analysis and Quality Unit, Health and Social Network Santa Tecla, Tarragona 43003, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Cartledge S, Feldman S, Bray JE, Stub D, Finn J. Understanding patients and spouses experiences of patient education following a cardiac event and eliciting attitudes and preferences towards incorporating cardiopulmonary resuscitation training: A qualitative study. J Adv Nurs 2018; 74:1157-1169. [PMID: 29315731 DOI: 10.1111/jan.13522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to gain a comprehensive perspective about the experience of patient and spousal education following an acute cardiac event. The second objective was to elicit an understanding of patient and spousal attitudes, preferences and intentions towards future cardiopulmonary resuscitation training. BACKGROUND Patients with cardiovascular disease require comprehensive patient and family education to ensure adequate long-term disease management. As cardiac patients are at risk of future cardiac events, including out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, providing cardiopulmonary resuscitation training to patients and family members has long been advocated. DESIGN We conducted a qualitative study underpinned by phenomenology and the Theory of Planned Behaviour. METHODS Semi-structured interviews were conducted with cardiac patients and their spouses (N = 12 patient-spouse pairs) between March 2015-April 2016 purposively sampled from a cardiology ward. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and thematic analysis undertaken. FINDINGS Nine male and three female patients and their spouses were recruited. Ages ranged from 47-75 years. Four strongly interrelated themes emerged: the emotional response to the event, information, control and responsibility. There was evidence of positive attitudes and intentions from the TPB towards undertaking cardiopulmonary resuscitation training in the future. Only the eldest patient spouse pair were not interested in undertaking training. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest cardiac patients and spouses have unmet education needs following an acute cardiac event. Information increased control and decreased negative emotions associated with diagnosis. Participants' preferences were for inclusion of cardiopulmonary resuscitation training in cardiac rehabilitation programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susie Cartledge
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Susan Feldman
- School of Primary Health Care, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Janet E Bray
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Dion Stub
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,Cabrini Hospital, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Judith Finn
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation training experience and self-efficacy of age and gender group: a nationwide community survey. Am J Emerg Med 2016; 34:1331-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2015.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
|
15
|
Min Ko RJ, Wu VX, Lim SH, San Tam WW, Liaw SY. Compression-only cardiopulmonary resuscitation in improving bystanders’ cardiopulmonary resuscitation performance: a literature review. Emerg Med J 2016; 33:882-888. [DOI: 10.1136/emermed-2015-204771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Revised: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
16
|
|
17
|
James Cheung W, Rosenberg H, Vaillancourt C. Barriers and facilitators to intraosseous access in adult resuscitations when peripheral intravenous access is not achievable. Acad Emerg Med 2014; 21:250-6. [PMID: 24628749 DOI: 10.1111/acem.12329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Revised: 07/22/2013] [Accepted: 10/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Studies suggest that intraosseous (IO) access is underutilized in adult resuscitations, despite recommendations from advanced trauma and cardiac life support guidelines. The objective was to determine factors associated with IO access use by physicians during adult resuscitations when intravenous (IV) access is not immediately achievable. METHODS This study was an online survey among physicians purposefully recruited from various clinical care areas at three teaching hospitals. Questions were generated from the qualitative results of 20 iterative interviews, verified for internal validity, and piloted. The interview guide was based on the constructs of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), which elicits salient attitudes, social influences, and control beliefs that potentially influence intention to use IO access. Recruitment took place in September 2012 until reaching more than 100% of the required sample size (n = 200). Internal consistency was measured using Cronbach's alpha, and the effect of TPB constructs and specific beliefs were assessed with regression analyses. RESULTS For the 205 respondents, the mean age was 35 years (range = 20 to 66 years), and 53.3% were male. Participants' departmental affiliations were 50.3% emergency medicine (EM), 16.9% internal medicine, 14.9% anesthesia, 10.8% general surgery, and 7.2% critical care. Residents comprised 60.7% of the sample, and 39.3% were attending physicians. Median intention to use IO access when IV is not immediately achievable was 4.67 (interquartile range [IQR] = 4 to 5) out of 5 (5 highest) and predicted by the following TPB constructs: attitudes (AdjCoefficients = 0.504; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.334 to 0.673), social influences (AdjCoefficients = 0.285; 95% CI = 0.172 to 0.398), and control beliefs (AdjCoefficients 0.217; 95% CI = 0.113 to 0.320). Physicians were more likely to use IO access if they believed that it provided rapid vascular access for delivering large volumes of fluids, could prevent delays in care, and was associated with a low complication rate. Conversely, the perception that nurses are not familiar or supportive of IO access and a lack of physician confidence regarding the appropriate indications for IO access were barriers to use. CONCLUSIONS These data are an important step in the knowledge-to-action process, as they identify specific factors associated with physician use of IO access. Interventions addressing these actionable facilitators and barriers are likely to have a positive effect on increasing the appropriate physician use of this potentially life-saving technique in adult patients requiring emergent vascular access.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hans Rosenberg
- The Department of Emergency Medicine; University of Ottawa; Ottawa Ontario
| | - Christian Vaillancourt
- The Department of Emergency Medicine; University of Ottawa; Ottawa Ontario
- The Clinical Epidemiology Program; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; University of Ottawa; Ottawa Ontario Canada
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Vaillancourt C, Kasaboski A, Charette M, Islam R, Osmond M, Wells GA, Stiell IG, Brehaut JC, Grimshaw JM. Barriers and facilitators to CPR training and performing CPR in an older population most likely to witness cardiac arrest: a national survey. Resuscitation 2013; 84:1747-52. [PMID: 23989115 DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2013.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Revised: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 08/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bystander CPR rates are lowest at home, where 85% of out-of-hospital cardiac arrests occur. We sought to identify barriers and facilitators to CPR training and performing CPR among older individuals most likely to witness cardiac arrest. METHODS We selected independent-living Canadians aged ≥55 using random-digit-dial telephone calls. Respondents were randomly assigned to answer 1 of 2 surveys eliciting barriers and facilitators potentially influencing either CPR training or performance. We developed survey instruments using the Theory of Planned Behavior, measuring salient attitudes, social influences, and control beliefs. RESULTS Demographics for the 412 respondents (76.4% national response rate): Mean age 66, 58.7% female, 54.9% married, 58.0% CPR trained (half >10 years ago). Mean intentions to take CPR training in the next 6 months or to perform CPR on a victim were relatively high (3.6 and 4.1 out of 5). Attitudinal beliefs were most predictive of respondents' intentions to receive training or perform CPR (Adjusted OR; 95%CI were 1.81; 1.41-2.32 and 1.63; 1.26-2.04 respectively). Respondents who believed CPR could save a life, were employed, and had seen CPR advertised had the highest intention to receive CPR training. Those who believed CPR should be initiated before EMS arrival, were proactive in a group, and felt confident in their CPR skills had the highest intention to perform CPR. INTERPRETATION Attitudinal beliefs were most predictive of respondents' intention to complete CPR training or perform CPR on a real victim. Behavioral change techniques targeting these specific beliefs are most likely to make an impact.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Vaillancourt
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa, ON, Canada.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|