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Maoz A, Rodriguez NJ, Yurgelun MB, Syngal S. Gastrointestinal Cancer Precursor Conditions and Their Detection. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2024; 38:783-811. [PMID: 38760197 DOI: 10.1016/j.hoc.2024.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal cancers are a leading cause of cancer morbidity and mortality. Many gastrointestinal cancers develop from cancer precursor lesions, which are commonly found in individuals with hereditary cancer syndromes. Hereditary cancer syndromes have advanced our understanding of cancer development and progression and have facilitated the evaluation of cancer prevention and interception efforts. Common gastrointestinal hereditary cancer syndromes, including their organ-specific cancer risk and surveillance recommendations, are reviewed in this article. The management of common gastroesophageal, pancreatic, and colonic precursor lesions is also discussed, regardless of their genetic background. Further research is needed to advance chemoprevention and immunoprevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asaf Maoz
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. https://twitter.com/asaf_maoz
| | - Nicolette J Rodriguez
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston MA 02115, USA; Division of Cancer Genetics and Prevention, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston MA 02215, USA. https://twitter.com/Dr_NJRodriguez
| | - Matthew B Yurgelun
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. https://twitter.com/MattYurgelun
| | - Sapna Syngal
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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Yang C, Xiang E, Chen P, Fang X. Evolutionary history of adenomas to colorectal cancer in FAP families. Front Genet 2024; 15:1391851. [PMID: 39021676 PMCID: PMC11252899 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1391851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is a genetic syndrome characterized by multiple polyps at various evolutionary stages, which, if left untreated, inevitably progress to colorectal cancer (CRC). In this study, we present a comprehensive analysis of the evolutionary history of FAP-CRC from precancerous adenoma to carcinoma. Design Tissues were collected from gastrointestinal endoscopy or surgical resection. Exome sequencing was performed on multiple regions of adenocarcinoma (n = 8), villous adenoma (n = 10), tubular adenoma (n = 9) and blood samples were obtained from 9 patients belonging to 7 Chinese FAP families. Phylogenetic trees were reconstructed, and evolutionary analysis was conducted to reveal the temporal sequence of events leading to CRC. Results Inherited germline mutation sites in APC gene were identified in FAP01 (p.S1281*, COSM19212), FAP03 (p.S384Tfs*19), FAP04 (p.E1538*, COSM6041693), FAP05 (p.Q1062*, COSM3696862), and FAP07-FAP09 (p.V677Sfs*3). Notably, p.V677Sfs*3 mutation was recognized as a novel germline mutation in APC, supported by evidence of genotype-phenotype correlation in pedigree analysis. Adenomas exhibited lower mutational rates than FAP-CRC and displayed recurrent alterations in well-known chromosomal instability (CIN) genes (APC, RAS, SMAD4 and TP53) and DNA damage repair genes (SUZ12, KMT2C, BCLAF1, RUNX1, and ARID1B), suggesting the presence of genomic instability. Furthermore, a progressive increase in the HRD score (a measure of "genomic scars") was observed from tubular adenomas to villous adenomas and ultimately to carcinomas. TP53 emerged as the primary driver gene for adenoma-carcinoma transition, with driver mutations consistently appearing simultaneously rather than sequentially acquired from adenomas to carcinomas. Clonal evolution demonstrated that liver metastases can originate from the same cancer-primed cell present in a primary cancerous lesion. Conclusion We identified a novel pathogenic variant in APC, namely, p.V677Sfs*3. The process of carcinogenesis in FAP-CRC supports the classical cancerization model, where an initial APC mutation leads to the activation of the WNT signaling pathway and CIN. Subsequently, additional mutations occur in other putative CIN genes (e.g., DNA repair, chromatin remodeling), ultimately leading to the development of microsatellite stable (MSS) tumors. Our study provides a comprehensive understanding of the genomic landscapes that underlie the transition from adenoma to carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiping Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Enfei Xiang
- Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuqian Fang
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Hisano K, Mizuuchi Y, Ohuchida K, Kawata J, Torata N, Zhang J, Katayama N, Tsutsumi C, Nakamura S, Okuda S, Otsubo Y, Tamura K, Nagayoshi K, Ikenaga N, Shindo K, Nakata K, Oda Y, Nakamura M. Microenvironmental changes in familial adenomatous polyposis during colorectal cancer carcinogenesis. Cancer Lett 2024; 589:216822. [PMID: 38521200 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is a heritable disease that increases the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) development because of heterozygous mutations in APC. Little is known about the microenvironment of FAP. Here, single-cell RNA sequencing was performed on matched normal tissues, adenomas, and carcinomas from four patients with FAP. We analyzed the transcriptomes of 56,225 unsorted single cells, revealing the heterogeneity of each cell type, and compared gene expression among tissues. Then we compared the gene expression with that of sporadic CRC. Furthermore, we analyzed specimens of 26 FAP patients and 40 sporadic CRC patients by immunohistochemistry. Immunosuppressiveness of myeloid cells, fibroblasts, and regulatory T cells was upregulated even in the early stages of carcinogenesis. CD8+ T cells became exhausted only in carcinoma, although the cytotoxicity of CD8+ T cells was gradually increased according to the carcinogenic step. When compared with those in the sporadic CRC microenvironment, the composition and function of each cell type in the FAP-derived CRC microenvironment had differences. Our findings indicate that an immunosuppressive microenvironment is constructed from a precancerous stage in FAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Hisano
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yusuke Mizuuchi
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Kenoki Ohuchida
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Advanced Medical Initiatives, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Jun Kawata
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Anatomical Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Torata
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Jinghui Zhang
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Naoki Katayama
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Chikanori Tsutsumi
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shoichi Nakamura
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Sho Okuda
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Otsubo
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Koji Tamura
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kinuko Nagayoshi
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Naoki Ikenaga
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Koji Shindo
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kohei Nakata
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Oda
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masafumi Nakamura
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Liu ZL, Meng XY, Bao RJ, Shen MY, Sun JJ, Chen WD, Liu F, He Y. Single cell deciphering of progression trajectories of the tumor ecosystem in head and neck cancer. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2595. [PMID: 38519500 PMCID: PMC10959966 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46912-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is the sixth most common cancer worldwide and has high heterogeneity and unsatisfactory outcomes. To better characterize the tumor progression trajectory, we perform single-cell RNA sequencing of normal tissue, precancerous tissue, early-stage, advanced-stage cancer tissue, lymph node, and recurrent tumors tissue samples. We identify the transcriptional development trajectory of malignant epithelial cells and a tumorigenic epithelial subcluster regulated by TFDP1. Furthermore, we find that the infiltration of POSTN+ fibroblasts and SPP1+ macrophages gradually increases with tumor progression; their interaction or interaction with malignant cells also gradually increase to shape the desmoplastic microenvironment and reprogram malignant cells to promote tumor progression. Additionally, we demonstrate that during lymph node metastasis, exhausted CD8+ T cells with high CXCL13 expression strongly interact with tumor cells to acquire more aggressive phenotypes of extranodal expansion. Finally, we delineate the distinct features of malignant epithelial cells in primary and recurrent tumors, providing a theoretical foundation for the precise selection of targeted therapy for tumors at different stages. In summary, the current study offers a comprehensive landscape and deep insight into epithelial and microenvironmental reprogramming throughout initiation, progression, lymph node metastasis and recurrence of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z L Liu
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial & Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology Shanghai, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - X Y Meng
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial & Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology Shanghai, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - R J Bao
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - M Y Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - J J Sun
- Department of Oral Pathology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology Shanghai, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - W D Chen
- Novel Bioinformatics Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - F Liu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Y He
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial & Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology Shanghai, Shanghai, 200011, China.
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Zeng M, Yao X, Pan Y, Gu H, Xiong F, Yin X, Wu B, Chen T. A novel APC mutation associated with Gardner syndrome in a Chinese family. Gene 2024; 896:148051. [PMID: 38043837 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.148051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Gardner syndrome (GS) is a specific form of familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), which manifests as colorectal polyps, multiple osteomas and soft tissue tumors, and in the oral cavity as osteomas of the jaws, odontomas, and abnormal tooth counts. The underlying cause of GS is attributed to mutations in the APC gene. Mutations in this gene disrupt the normal functioning of the protein and lead to the development of GS. To further investigate GS, a family affected by the syndrome was selected from Dongguan, Guangdong Province. The family members underwent a comprehensive survey, which involved collecting clinical data and peripheral venous blood samples. The samples were then used for genetic analysis. Whole exome sequencing (WES) and Sanger sequencing techniques were utilized to screen and identify specific mutation sites in the APC gene. The clinical findings for the GS family included the presence of gastrointestinal polyps and odontomas. After analyzing the genetic sequencing results, a novel mutation site c.4266dupA on the APC gene was found in the patients, which leading to the APC protein truncation. As a result of this study, it is suggested that odontoma may be an early indicator of GS. Additionally, the identification of this novel mutation site in the APC gene expands the known spectrum of genetic mutations associated with the disease. This discovery has significant implications for the early diagnosis of GS, thus enabling timely intervention to reduce the risk of developing colon cancer and other related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zeng
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xinchen Yao
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yuhua Pan
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Hongxiang Gu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastro Enterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Fu Xiong
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Fetal Medicine and Prenatal Diagnosis, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuemin Yin
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Buling Wu
- Shenzhen Stomatological Hospital (Pingshan), Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 518118, China.
| | - Ting Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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He B, Hu Y, Chen H, Xie X, Gong C, Li Z, Chen Y, Xiao Y, Yang S. Modification patterns and metabolic characteristics of m 6A regulators in digestive tract tumors. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24235. [PMID: 38298699 PMCID: PMC10828661 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
M6A is essential for tumor occurrence and progression. The expression patterns of m6A regulators differ in various kinds of tumors. Transcriptomic expression statistics together with clinical data from a database were analyzed to distinguish patients with digestive tract tumors. Based on the expression patterns of diverse m6A regulators, patients were divided into several clusters. Survival analysis suggested significant differences in patient prognosis among the m6A clusters. The results showed overlapping of m6A expression patterns with energy metabolism and nucleotide metabolism. Functional analyses imply that m6A modifications in tumor cells probably drive metabolic reprogramming to sustain rapid proliferation of cancer cells. Our analysis highlights the m6A risk characterizes various kinds of metabolic features and predicts chemotherapy sensitivity in digestive tract tumors, providing evidence for m6A regulators as markers to predict patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hui Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Xia Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Chunli Gong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Zhibin Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Yufeng Xiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Shiming Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
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Feng J, Zeng Y, Li S. Single-cell characterization of tumor evolution from precursor diseases. Trends Cancer 2023; 9:775-776. [PMID: 37544795 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2023.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Elucidating the characteristics of precursor diseases is important to the understanding of malignant transformation during tumor progression. In a recent study, Dang et al. characterized the cellular and molecular evolution from precursor conditions to multiple myeloma (MM) by integrating single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and B cell-receptor sequencing (scBCR-seq).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiling Feng
- Precision Research Center for Refractory Diseases, Institute for Clinical Research, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yu Zeng
- Precision Research Center for Refractory Diseases, Institute for Clinical Research, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Shengli Li
- Precision Research Center for Refractory Diseases, Institute for Clinical Research, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China.
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Akbulut S, Küçükakçalı Z, Çolak C. Predicting Duodenal Cancer Risk in Patients with Familial Adenomatous Polyposis Using Machine Learning Model. THE TURKISH JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF TURKISH SOCIETY OF GASTROENTEROLOGY 2023; 34:1025-1034. [PMID: 37565794 PMCID: PMC10645292 DOI: 10.5152/tjg.2023.22346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS The aim of this study was to both classify data of familial adenomatous polyposis patients with and without duode- nal cancer and to identify important genes that may be related to duodenal cancer by XGboost model. MATERIALS AND METHODS The current study was performed using expression profile data from a series of duodenal samples from familial adenomatous polyposis patients to explore variations in the familial adenomatous polyposis duodenal adenoma-carcinoma sequence. The expression profiles obtained from cancerous, adenomatous, and normal tissues of 12 familial adenomatous polyposis patients with duodenal cancer and the tissues of 12 familial adenomatous polyposis patients without duodenal cancer were compared. The ElasticNet approach was utilized for the feature selection. Using 5-fold cross-validation, one of the machine learning approaches, XGboost, was utilized to classify duodenal cancer. Accuracy, balanced accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and F1 score performance metrics were assessed for model performance. RESULTS According to the variable importance obtained from the modeling, ADH1C, DEFA5, CPS1, SPP1, DMBT1, VCAN-AS1, APOB genes (cancer vs. adenoma); LOC399753, APOA4, MIR548X, and ADH1C genes (adenoma vs. adenoma); SNORD123, CEACAM6, SNORD78, ANXA10, SPINK1, and CPS1 (normal vs. adenoma) genes can be used as predictive biomarkers. CONCLUSIONS The proposed model used in this study shows that the aforementioned genes can forecast the risk of duodenal cancer in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis. More comprehensive analyses should be performed in the future to assess the reliability of the genes determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sami Akbulut
- Department of Surgery, İnönü University Faculty of Medicine, Malatya, Turkey
- Department of Public Health, İnönü University Faculty of Medicine, Malatya, Turkey
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, İnönü University Faculty of Medicine, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Küçükakçalı
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, İnönü University Faculty of Medicine, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Cemil Çolak
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, İnönü University Faculty of Medicine, Malatya, Turkey
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Abramczyk J, Milkiewicz M, Hula B, Milkiewicz P, Kempinska-Podhorodecka A. The Role of hsa-miR-125b-5p Interaction with S1P/Ceramide Axis in the Potential Development of Inflammation-Associated Colon Cancer in Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119175. [PMID: 37298127 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is characterised by the co-occurrence of inflammatory bowel diseases, particularly ulcerative colitis (UC). We investigated how the interaction of miR-125b with the sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P)/ceramide axis may predispose patients with PSC, PSC/UC, and UC to carcinogenesis in the ascending and sigmoid colons. The overexpression of miR-125b was accompanied by the upregulation of S1P, ceramide synthases, ceramide kinases, and the downregulation of AT-rich interaction domain 2 in the ascending colon of PSC/UC, which contributed to the progression of high microsatellite instability (MSI-H) colorectal carcinoma. We also showed that the overexpression of sphingosine kinase 2 (SPHK2) and the genes involved in the glycolytic pathway in the sigmoid colon of UC led to the upregulation of Interleukin 17 (IL-17). In vitro stimulation of human intestinal epithelial cells (Caco-2, HT-29, and NCM460D) with lipopolysaccharide suppressed miR-125b and increased proinflammatory cytokines, whereas the induction of miR-125b activity by either a miR-125b mimetic or lithocholic acid resulted in the inhibition of miR-125b targets. In summary, miR-125b overexpression was associated with an imbalance in the S1P/ceramide axis that can lead to MSI-H cancer progression in PSC/UC. Furthermore, SPHK2 overexpression and a change in the cellular metabolic flux are important players in inflammation-associated colon cancer in UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Abramczyk
- Department of Medical Biology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Milkiewicz
- Department of Medical Biology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Bartosz Hula
- Department of Medical Biology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Piotr Milkiewicz
- Liver and Internal Medicine Unit, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
- Translational Medicine Group, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
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Matsumoto R, Mori S, Nepal P, Kita Y, Tanabe K, Hokonohara K, Satake S, Hamada Y, Wada M, Arigami T, Sasaki K, Kurahara H, Ohtsuka T. Mucosectomy of the anal canal via transanal minimally invasive surgery combined with transanal total mesorectal excision for familial adenomatous polyposis: A technical note. Colorectal Dis 2023. [PMID: 37183353 DOI: 10.1111/codi.16595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
AIM Total proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) is the standard surgical treatment modality for familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). It is challenging to perform proctectomy and preserve anal sphincter function. In this video, precise mucosectomy of the anal canal via transanal minimally invasive surgery (MAC-TAMIS) is reported. METHODS An asymptomatic 35-year-old man was found to have a positive faecal occult blood test in routine screening examination and was diagnosed with FAP on colonoscopic examination. The patient was scheduled for total proctocolectomy with IPAA using the TAMIS approach combined with transanal total mesorectal excision. MAC-TAMIS was performed to preserve the internal anal sphincter during laparoscopy. RESULTS The total duration of surgery was 543 min, blood loss was minimal, and the postoperative course was uneventful. The postoperative hospital stay was 12 days. The pathological findings demonstrated no evidence of malignancy. Gastrographic imaging from the ileostomy showed sufficient size of the J pouch and good tonus of the anus at 6 months after surgery. The Wexner scores at 1, 3 and 6 months after ileostomy closure were 5, 3 and 0, respectively. CONCLUSION The MAC-TAMIS technique is safe and feasible during total proctocolectomy with IPAA in patients with FAP. This technique allows us to precisely preserve the internal anal sphincter using a laparoscopic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryu Matsumoto
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Mori
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Pramod Nepal
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Kita
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kan Tanabe
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kentaro Hokonohara
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Soichi Satake
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yuki Hamada
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Masumi Wada
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Takaaki Arigami
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Ken Sasaki
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kurahara
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Takao Ohtsuka
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
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Ditonno I, Novielli D, Celiberto F, Rizzi S, Rendina M, Ierardi E, Di Leo A, Losurdo G. Molecular Pathways of Carcinogenesis in Familial Adenomatous Polyposis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065687. [PMID: 36982759 PMCID: PMC10056005 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is a genetic syndrome characterized by the presence of multiple polyps in the gastrointestinal tract and a wide range of systemic extra-intestinal manifestations. Patients affected will inevitably undergo abdominal surgery due to the malignant transformation of one or more adenomas. The pathogenesis of the disease is based on a loss of function mutation in adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), a tumor-suppressor gene, inherited following a Mendelian pattern. This gene is a key component of multiple cell functions that cooperate for homeostasis; when mutated, it contributes to the progression of colorectal adenoma into cancer. Recent studies have demonstrated that several additional mechanisms may influence this process, such as alterations in gut microbiota composition and mucosal barrier immunity, interaction with the immune microenvironment and inflammation, the hormone estrogen, and other signaling pathways. These factors represent promising targets of future therapies and chemoprevention, aiming to alter the progressive nature of the disease and improve the quality of life of families affected. Therefore, we performed a narrative review about the current knowledge of the aforementioned pathways involved in colorectal cancer pathogenesis in FAP, exploring the genetic and environmental factors that may contribute to the development of CRC in FAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Ditonno
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Domenico Novielli
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Francesca Celiberto
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
- Course in Organs and Tissues Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, Department of Precision Medicine Jonic Area, University “Aldo Moro” of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Salvatore Rizzi
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Rendina
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Enzo Ierardi
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Alfredo Di Leo
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Losurdo
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
- Correspondence:
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12
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Chitturi Suryaprakash RT, Shearston K, Farah CS, Fox SA, Iqbal MM, Kadolsky U, Zhong X, Saxena A, Kujan O. A Novel Preclinical In Vitro 3D Model of Oral Carcinogenesis for Biomarker Discovery and Drug Testing. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24044096. [PMID: 36835505 PMCID: PMC9967961 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24044096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to develop an in vitro three-dimensional (3D) cell culture model of oral carcinogenesis for the rapid, scalable testing of chemotherapeutic agents. Spheroids of normal (HOK) and dysplastic (DOK) human oral keratinocytes were cultured and treated with 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4NQO). A 3D invasion assay using Matrigel was performed to validate the model. RNA was extracted and subjected to transcriptomic analysis to validate the model and assess carcinogen-induced changes. The VEGF inhibitors pazopanib and lenvatinib were tested in the model and were validated by a 3D invasion assay, which demonstrated that changes induced by the carcinogen in spheroids were consistent with a malignant phenotype. Further validation was obtained by bioinformatic analyses, which showed the enrichment of pathways associated with hallmarks of cancer and VEGF signalling. Overexpression of common genes associated with tobacco-induced oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), such as MMP1, MMP3, MMP9, YAP1, CYP1A1, and CYP1B1, was also observed. Pazopanib and lenvatinib inhibited the invasion of transformed spheroids. In summary, we successfully established a 3D spheroid model of oral carcinogenesis for biomarker discovery and drug testing. This model is a validated preclinical model for OSCC development and would be suitable for testing a range of chemotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kate Shearston
- UWA Dental School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Camile S. Farah
- Australian Centre for Oral Oncology Research and Education, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Simon A. Fox
- UWA Dental School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Muhammad Munir Iqbal
- Genomics WA, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Ulrich Kadolsky
- Genomics WA, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Xiao Zhong
- Genomics WA, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Alka Saxena
- Genomics WA, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Omar Kujan
- UWA Dental School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
- Correspondence:
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13
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Huang X, Han C, Zhong J, Hu J, Jin Y, Zhang Q, Luo W, Liu R, Ling F. Low expression of the dynamic network markers FOS/JUN in pre-deteriorated epithelial cells is associated with the progression of colorectal adenoma to carcinoma. J Transl Med 2023; 21:45. [PMID: 36698183 PMCID: PMC9875500 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-03890-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deterioration of normal intestinal epithelial cells is crucial for colorectal tumorigenesis. However, the process of epithelial cell deterioration and molecular networks that contribute to this process remain unclear. METHODS Single-cell data and clinical information were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. We used the recently proposed dynamic network biomarker (DNB) method to identify the critical stage of epithelial cell deterioration. Data analysis and visualization were performed using R and Cytoscape software. In addition, Single-Cell rEgulatory Network Inference and Clustering (SCENIC) analysis was used to identify potential transcription factors, and CellChat analysis was conducted to evaluate possible interactions among cell populations. Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and gene set variation analysis (GSVA) analyses were also performed. RESULTS The trajectory of epithelial cell deterioration in adenoma to carcinoma progression was delineated, and the subpopulation of pre-deteriorated epithelial cells during colorectal cancer (CRC) initialization was identified at the single-cell level. Additionally, FOS/JUN were identified as biomarkers for pre-deteriorated epithelial cell subpopulations in CRC. Notably, FOS/JUN triggered low expression of P53-regulated downstream pro-apoptotic genes and high expression of anti-apoptotic genes through suppression of P53 expression, which in turn inhibited P53-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, malignant epithelial cells contributed to the progression of pre-deteriorated epithelial cells through the GDF signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated the trajectory of epithelial cell deterioration and used DNB to characterize pre-deteriorated epithelial cells at the single-cell level. The expression of DNB-neighboring genes and cellular communication were triggered by DNB genes, which may be involved in epithelial cell deterioration. The DNB genes FOS/JUN provide new insights into early intervention in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqi Huang
- grid.79703.3a0000 0004 1764 3838Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006 China
| | - Chongyin Han
- grid.79703.3a0000 0004 1764 3838Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006 China
| | - Jiayuan Zhong
- grid.79703.3a0000 0004 1764 3838School of Mathematics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641 China
| | - Jiaqi Hu
- grid.79703.3a0000 0004 1764 3838Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006 China
| | - Yabin Jin
- grid.452881.20000 0004 0604 5998Institute of Clinical Research, The First People’s Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000 China
| | - Qinqin Zhang
- grid.79703.3a0000 0004 1764 3838Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006 China
| | - Wei Luo
- grid.452881.20000 0004 0604 5998Institute of Clinical Research, The First People’s Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000 China
| | - Rui Liu
- grid.79703.3a0000 0004 1764 3838School of Mathematics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641 China ,grid.513189.7Pazhou Lab, Guangzhou, 510330 China
| | - Fei Ling
- grid.79703.3a0000 0004 1764 3838Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006 China
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14
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Ge S, Cheng D, Zhang X, Xu T, Wang Z, Dong F, Su L, Song J, Wang J, Li J, Shen L, Wang X. Using genotype to assist clinical surveillance: a retrospective study of Chinese familial adenomatous polyposis patients. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:4254-4266. [PMID: 36225625 PMCID: PMC9547999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Without treatment, familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) patients will inevitably develop colorectal cancer (CRC) during lifetime. Yet, surgical trauma is a high risk of desmoid tumor (DT), one of the main causes of death in FAP patients. So far, the timing for colectomy is primarily based on the clinician's experience and the patient's preference; most patients undergo surgery at mid-20's. In this study, we analyzed the germline mutation distribution in 35 FAP patients from different families, 16 of them diagnosed with DTs. We also investigated the association between the molecular alterations and the clinicopathological features. Capture-based targeted sequencing using a panel of 520 genes was performed on tumor tissue and paired normal mucosa or white blood cells from 18 FAP probands who were initially diagnosed with CRC. Of all 35 FAP patients, 30 (85.7%) of them harbored germline APC mutations scattered from codon 161 to 1578. The mutations in the 16 DT patients scattered from codon 457 to 1578. All three patients with the mutation at the 3' of 1444 codon were diagnosed with DT. The percentage of high-risk DT (stage III or IV) harboring mutations at the 5' of 1062 or 1062-1578 was 14.3% and 77.8%, respectively, and all three patients with 3' of 1399 codon mutation had high risk. In addition, by using public database, we compared 140 FAP patients with DT to all 1880 FAP patients on the Leiden Open Variation Database and found that the odd ratio of DT in codon 159 to 495 was 0.34, while in codon 1310 to 2011 was 2.36. Compared to sporadic CRCs, the somatic spectrum of FAP CRCs was similar to the early onset CRCs, with higher TP53 (94.1%) and lower somatic APC mutations (65.7%), but the KRAS mutation rate was the highest (58.5%). One of the 18 FAP CRCs was identified as microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H), with tumor mutation burden (TMB) of 115.65 mut/Mb. Given that no TP53 mutations were detected in the low- and high-grade adenomas, ctDNA TP53 sequencing might be used for the close monitoring before FAP colectomy. In conclusion, except mutations at the 5' end of APC (5' to 495), all FAP patients need to consider the risk of DT after colectomy. The chance of life-threating DTs was higher in patients with 3' 1062 codon mutation and peaked in patients with 3' 1399 codon mutation. Scheduled monitoring of TP53 ctDNA is proposed to be a novel tool for optimizing the operation time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Ge
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and InstituteBeijing, China
| | - Duo Cheng
- Department of Oncology and Rehabilitation, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou, China
| | - Xuhui Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and InstituteBeijing, China
| | - Ting Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and InstituteBeijing, China
| | - Zhenghang Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and InstituteBeijing, China
| | - Fengxiao Dong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and InstituteBeijing, China
| | - Lan Su
- Burning Rock BiotechGuangzhou, China
| | | | - Jia Wang
- Burning Rock BiotechGuangzhou, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and InstituteBeijing, China
| | - Lin Shen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and InstituteBeijing, China
| | - Xicheng Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and InstituteBeijing, China
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15
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Wang Y, Song W, Yu S, Liu Y, Chen YG. Intestinal cellular heterogeneity and disease development revealed by single-cell technology. CELL REGENERATION 2022; 11:26. [PMID: 36045190 PMCID: PMC9433512 DOI: 10.1186/s13619-022-00127-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The intestinal epithelium is responsible for food digestion and nutrient absorption and plays a critical role in hormone secretion, microorganism defense, and immune response. These functions depend on the integral single-layered intestinal epithelium, which shows diversified cell constitution and rapid self-renewal and presents powerful regeneration plasticity after injury. Derailment of homeostasis of the intestine epithelium leads to the development of diseases, most commonly including enteritis and colorectal cancer. Therefore, it is important to understand the cellular characterization of the intestinal epithelium at the molecular level and the mechanisms underlying its homeostatic maintenance. Single-cell technologies allow us to gain molecular insights at the single-cell level. In this review, we summarize the single-cell RNA sequencing applications to understand intestinal cell characteristics, spatiotemporal evolution, and intestinal disease development.
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16
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Liu Y, Zhang J, Wang Z, Ma J, Wang K, Rao D, Zhang M, Lin Y, Wu Y, Yang Z, Dong L, Ding Z, Zhang X, Fan J, Shi Y, Gao Q. Multi-omics characterization reveals the pathogenesis of liver focal nodular hyperplasia. iScience 2022; 25:104921. [PMID: 36060063 PMCID: PMC9436768 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular landscape and pathogenesis of focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) have yet to be elucidated. We performed multi-omics approaches on FNH and paired normal liver tissues from 22 patients, followed by multi-level bioinformatic analyses and experimental validations. Generally, FNH had low mutation burden with low variant allele frequencies, and the mutation frequency significantly correlated with proliferation rate. Although no recurrently deleterious genomic events were found, some putative tumor suppressors or oncogenes were involved. Mutational signatures indicated potential impaired mismatch function and possible poison contact. Integrated analyses unveiled a group of FNH specific endothelial cells that uniquely expressed SOST and probably had strong interaction with fibroblasts through PDGFB/PDGFRB pathway to promote fibrosis. Notably, in one atypical FNH (patient No.11) with pronounced copy number variations, we observed a unique immune module. Most FNH are benign, but molecularly atypical FNH still exist; endothelial cell derived PDGFB probably promotes the fibrogenic process in FNH. FNHs are genetically stable, but high mutation cases exist FNHs have unique transcriptomic modules, and they alter in atypical FNH FNH has a unique type of SOST-expressing endothelial cells that may promote fibrosis
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17
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Automated histological classification for digital pathology images of colonoscopy specimen via deep learning. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12804. [PMID: 35896791 PMCID: PMC9329279 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16885-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Colonoscopy is an effective tool to detect colorectal lesions and needs the support of pathological diagnosis. This study aimed to develop and validate deep learning models that automatically classify digital pathology images of colon lesions obtained from colonoscopy-related specimen. Histopathological slides of colonoscopic biopsy or resection specimens were collected and grouped into six classes by disease category: adenocarcinoma, tubular adenoma (TA), traditional serrated adenoma (TSA), sessile serrated adenoma (SSA), hyperplastic polyp (HP), and non-specific lesions. Digital photographs were taken of each pathological slide to fine-tune two pre-trained convolutional neural networks, and the model performances were evaluated. A total of 1865 images were included from 703 patients, of which 10% were used as a test dataset. For six-class classification, the mean diagnostic accuracy was 97.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 96.0–98.6%) by DenseNet-161 and 95.9% (95% CI 94.1–97.7%) by EfficientNet-B7. The per-class area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was highest for adenocarcinoma (1.000; 95% CI 0.999–1.000) by DenseNet-161 and TSA (1.000; 95% CI 1.000–1.000) by EfficientNet-B7. The lowest per-class AUCs were still excellent: 0.991 (95% CI 0.983–0.999) for HP by DenseNet-161 and 0.995 for SSA (95% CI 0.992–0.998) by EfficientNet-B7. Deep learning models achieved excellent performances for discriminating adenocarcinoma from non-adenocarcinoma lesions with an AUC of 0.995 or 0.998. The pathognomonic area for each class was appropriately highlighted in digital images by saliency map, particularly focusing epithelial lesions. Deep learning models might be a useful tool to help the diagnosis for pathologic slides of colonoscopy-related specimens.
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18
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Mure K, Ishikawa H, Mutoh M, Horinaka M, Otani T, Suzuki S, Wakabayashi K, Sakai T. Efficacy of Low-Dose Aspirin in Colorectal Cancer Risk Prevention is Dependent on ADH1B and ALDH2 Genotype in Japanese Familial Adenomatous Polyposis Patients. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2022; 2:483-488. [PMID: 36923554 PMCID: PMC10010329 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-22-0088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Aspirin has gained great attention as a cancer preventive agent. Our previous study revealed that the low-dose aspirin prevents colorectal tumor recurrence in Japanese patients with colorectal adenomas and/or adenocarcinomas, whereas aspirin increases risks in smokers and has no effects on regular drinkers. Our recent study revealed that aspirin reduces polyp growth in Japanese patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). In this study, we have studied the association of genotypes of alcohol metabolizing enzymes (ADH1B and ALDH2) on aspirin's efficacy of suppressing polyp growth (≥5 mm) in a total of 81 Japanese patients with FAP. Our study revealed that aspirin showed significant preventive effects for patients with ADH1B-AA and AA+GA types [OR = 0.21; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.05-0.95, and OR = 0.31; 95% CI, 0.10-0.95, respectively], and for patients with ALDH2-GG and GG+GA types (OR = 0.10; 95% CI, 0.01-0.92, and OR = 0.29; 95% CI, 0.09-0.94, respectively), but not for patients with ADH1B-GG and GA+GG types, and ALDH2-AA and GA+AA types. In addition, substantial preventive effects of aspirin were seen for patients with ADH1B-AA type who do not drink regularly (<3 times/week, OR = 0.11; 95% CI, 0.02-0.78), where a statistically significant interaction between aspirin and ADH1B was observed (P interaction = 0.036). Results from this exploratory study strongly indicate that aspirin is beneficial in prevention of polyp growth for patients with FAP with ADH1B-AA and AA+GA types, and ALDH2-GG and GG+GA types. Taken together, we propose ADH1B and ALDH2 as candidate markers for the personalized prevention by aspirin. Significance Aspirin is beneficial to patients with FAP with ADH1B-AA and AA+GA types or ALDH2-GG and GG+GA types. ADH1B and ALDH2 genotypes can be the markers for the personalized prevention of colorectal cancer by aspirin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanae Mure
- Department of Public Health, Wakayama Medical University School of Medicine, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Hideki Ishikawa
- Department of Molecular-Targeting Prevention, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- Ishikawa Gastroenterology Clinic, Osaka, Japan
| | - Michihiro Mutoh
- Department of Molecular-Targeting Prevention, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening/Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mano Horinaka
- Department of Drug Discovery Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takahiro Otani
- Department of Public Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Aichi, Japan
| | - Sadao Suzuki
- Department of Public Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Aichi, Japan
| | - Keiji Wakabayashi
- Graduate Division of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Sakai
- Department of Drug Discovery Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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19
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Zheng X, Song J, Yu C, Zhou Z, Liu X, Yu J, Xu G, Yang J, He X, Bai X, Luo Y, Bao Y, Li H, Yang L, Xu M, Song N, Su X, Xu J, Ma X, Shi H. Single-cell transcriptomic profiling unravels the adenoma-initiation role of protein tyrosine kinases during colorectal tumorigenesis. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:60. [PMID: 35221332 PMCID: PMC8882672 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-00881-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The adenoma-carcinoma sequence is a well-accepted roadmap for the development of sporadic colorectal cancer. However, cellular heterogeneity in aberrant epithelial cells limits our understanding of carcinogenesis in colorectal tissues. Here, we performed a single-cell RNA sequencing survey of 54,788 cells from patient-matched tissue samples, including blood, normal tissue, para-cancer, polyp, and colorectal cancer. At each stage of carcinogenesis, we characterized cell types, transcriptional signatures, and differentially expressed genes of distinct cell populations. The molecular signatures of epithelial cells at normal, benign, and malignant stages were defined at the single-cell scale. Adenoma and carcinoma precursor cell populations were identified and characterized followed by validation with large cohort biopsies. Protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) BMX and HCK were identified as potential drivers of adenoma initiation. Specific BMX and HCK upregulations were observed in adenoma precursor cell populations from normal and adenoma biopsies. Overexpression of BMX and HCK significantly promoted colorectal epithelial cell proliferation. Importantly, in the organoid culture system, BMX and HCK upregulations resulted in the formation of multilayered polyp-like buds protruding towards the organoid lumen, mimicking the pathological polyp morphology often observed in colorectal cancer. Molecular mechanism analysis revealed that upregulation of BMX or HCK activated the JAK-STAT pathway. In conclusion, our work improved the current knowledge regarding colorectal epithelial evolution during carcinogenesis at the single-cell resolution. These findings may lead to improvements in colorectal cancer diagnosis and treatment.
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20
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Chen T, Wu J, Cui C, He Q, Li X, Liang W, Liu X, Liu T, Zhou X, Zhang X, Lei X, Xiong W, Yu J, Li G. CT-based radiomics nomograms for preoperative prediction of diffuse-type and signet ring cell gastric cancer: a multicenter development and validation cohort. J Transl Med 2022; 20:38. [PMID: 35073917 PMCID: PMC8785479 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03232-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of diffuse-type gastric cancer (GC), especially signet ring cell carcinoma (SRCC), has shown an upward trend in the past decades. This study aimed to develop computed tomography (CT) based radiomics nomograms to distinguish diffuse-type and SRCC GC preoperatively. METHODS A total of 693 GC patients from two centers were retrospectively analyzed and divided into training, internal validation and external validation cohorts. Radiomics features were extracted from CT images, and the Lauren radiomics model was established with a support vector machine (SVM) classifier to identify diffuse-type GC. The Lauren radiomics nomogram integrating radiomics features score (Rad-score) and clinicopathological characteristics were developed and evaluated regarding prediction ability. Further, the SRCC radiomics nomogram designed to identify SRCC from diffuse-type GC was developed and evaluated following the same procedures. RESULTS Multivariate analysis revealed that Rad-scores was significantly associated with diffuse-type GC and SRCC (p < 0.001). The Lauren radiomics nomogram showed promising prediction performance with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.895 (95%CI, 0.957-0.932), 0.841 (95%CI, 0.781-0.901) and 0.893 (95%CI, 0.831-0.955) in each cohort. The SRCC radiomics nomogram also showed good discrimination, with AUC of 0.905 (95%CI,0.866-0.944), 0.845 (95%CI, 0.775-0.915) and 0.918 (95%CI, 0.842-0.994) in each cohort. The radiomics nomograms showed great model fitness and clinical usefulness by calibration curve and decision curve analysis. CONCLUSION Our CT-based radiomics nomograms had the ability to identify the diffuse-type and SRCC GC, providing a non-invasive, efficient and preoperative diagnosis method. They may help guide preoperative clinical decision-making and benefit GC patients in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Chen
- Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Chunhui Cui
- Department of General Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong, China
| | - Qinglie He
- Department of The First Clinical Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xunjun Li
- Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Weiqi Liang
- Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoyue Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Tianbao Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xuanhui Zhou
- Department of The First Clinical Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xifan Zhang
- Department of The First Clinical Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xiaotian Lei
- Department of General Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Medical Imaging Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No.1838, North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiang Yu
- Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Guoxin Li
- Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
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21
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Mackie PM, Gopinath A, Montas DM, Nielsen A, Smith A, Nolan RA, Runner K, Matt SM, McNamee J, Riklan JE, Adachi K, Doty A, Ramirez-Zamora A, Yan L, Gaskill PJ, Streit WJ, Okun MS, Khoshbouei H. Functional characterization of the biogenic amine transporters on human macrophages. JCI Insight 2022; 7:151892. [PMID: 35015729 PMCID: PMC8876465 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.151892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Monocyte-derived macrophages are key players in tissue homeostasis and diseases regulated by a variety of signaling molecules. Recent literature has highlighted the ability for biogenic amines to regulate macrophage functions, but the mechanisms governing biogenic amine signaling in and around immune cells remains nebulous. In the central nervous system (CNS), biogenic amine transporters are regarded as the master regulators of neurotransmitter signaling. While we and others have shown that macrophages express these transporters, relatively little is known of their function in these cells. To address these knowledge gaps, we investigated the function of norepinephrine (NET) and dopamine (DAT) transporters on human monocyte-derived macrophages. We found that both NET and DAT are present and can uptake substrate from the extracellular space at baseline. Not only was DAT expressed in cultured monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs), but it was also detected in a subset of intestinal macrophages in situ. Surprisingly, we discovered a NET-independent, DAT-mediated immuno-modulatory mechanism in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). LPS induced reverse transport of dopamine through DAT, engaging an autocrine/paracrine signaling loop that regulated the macrophage response. Removing this signaling loop enhanced the pro-inflammatory response to LPS. Collectively, our data introduce a potential role for DAT in the regulation of innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip M Mackie
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
| | - Adithya Gopinath
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Insitute, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, United States of America
| | - Dominic M Montas
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, United States of America
| | - Alyssa Nielsen
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, United States of America
| | - Aidan Smith
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, United States of America
| | - Rachel A Nolan
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, United States of America
| | - Kaitlyn Runner
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, United States of America
| | - Stephanie M Matt
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, United States of America
| | - John McNamee
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, United States of America
| | - Joshua E Riklan
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, United States of America
| | - Kengo Adachi
- Neuronal Signal Transduction Group, Max Plank Florida Institute for Neuroscience, Jupiter, United States of America
| | - Andria Doty
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, United States of America
| | - Adolfo Ramirez-Zamora
- Department of Neurology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, United States of America
| | - Long Yan
- Neuronal Signal Transduction Group, Max Plank Florida Institute for Neuroscience, Jupiter, United States of America
| | - Peter J Gaskill
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, United States of America
| | - Wolfgang J Streit
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, United States of America
| | - Michael S Okun
- University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, United States of America
| | - Habibeh Khoshbouei
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, United States of America
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22
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Qin Y, Li M, Lin Q, Pan X, Liang Y, Huang Z, Liu Z, Huang L, Fang M. Colorectal Cancer Cell Differentiation Trajectory Predicts Patient Immunotherapy Response and Prognosis. Cancer Control 2022; 29:10732748221121382. [PMID: 36036380 PMCID: PMC9421035 DOI: 10.1177/10732748221121382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to investigate the differentiation state and clinical significance of colorectal cancer cells, as well as to predict the immune response and prognosis of patients based on differentiation-related genes of colorectal cancer. Introduction Colorectal cancer cells exhibit different differentiation states under the influence of the tumor microenvironment, which determines the cell fates. Methods We combined single-cell sequencing (scRNA-seq) data from The Cancer Genome Atlas source with extensive transcriptome data from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. We obtained colorectal cancer differentiation-related genes using cell trajectory analysis and developed a colorectal cancer differentiation-related gene based molecular typing and prognostic model to predict the immune response and prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer. Results We identified 5 distinct cell differentiation subsets and 620 colorectal cancer differentiation-related genes. Colorectal cancer differentiation-related genes were significantly associated with metabolism, angiogenesis, and immunity. We separated patients into 3 subtypes based on colorectal cancer differentiation-related gene expression in the tumor and found differences among the different subtypes in immune infiltration status, immune checkpoint gene expression, clinicopathological features, and overall survival. Immunotherapeutic interventions involving a highly expressed immune checkpoint blockade may be selectively effective in the corresponding cancer subtypes. We built a risk score prediction model (5-year AUC: .729) consisting of the 4 most important predictors of survival (TIMP1, MMP1, LGALS4, and ITLN1). Finally, we generated and validated a nomogram consisting of the risk score and clinicopathological variables. Conclusion This study highlights the significance of genes involved in cell differentiation for clinical prognosis and immunotherapy in patients and provides prospective therapeutic targets for colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuling Qin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, China.,Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology, China.,Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Tissue & Organ Injury and Repair Medicine, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory for Basic Science and Prevention of Perioperative Organ Disfunction, China
| | - Meiqin Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, China
| | - Qiumei Lin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, China
| | - Xiaolan Pan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, China
| | - Yihua Liang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, China
| | - Zhaodong Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, China
| | - Zhimin Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, China
| | - Lingsha Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, China
| | - Min Fang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, China.,Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology, China.,Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Tissue & Organ Injury and Repair Medicine, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory for Basic Science and Prevention of Perioperative Organ Disfunction, China
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23
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Zhang Y, Pan M, Li CY, Li JY, Ge W, Xu L, Xiao Y. Exploration of the typical features of tubulovillous adenoma using in-depth quantitative proteomics analysis. Bioengineered 2021; 12:6831-6843. [PMID: 34585630 PMCID: PMC8806592 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1971036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This present study aimed to explore the typical protein features of tubulovillous adenoma (TVA) using proteomic and bioinformatic analyses. Tandem mass tag (TMT)-based quantitative proteomic analyses were conducted on normal mucosa, tubular adenoma, TVA and adenocarcinoma tissues. We identified 5,665 proteins categorized into seven clusters based on Pearson’s correlation analysis. The bioinfomatic analysis showed mitochondrial and metabolism-related events were typical characteristics of TVA and mitochondrial-, ribosome- and matrisome-related biological processes may contribute to carcinogenesis. PLOD3 was identified as a key protein associated with the malignant potential of TVA and promoted the viability of adenoma organoids. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) analysis revealed PLOD3 as a risk factor for disease-free and overall survival. Furthermore, the PLOD3 expression correlated negatively with the abundance of B cells, CD8 + T cells, CD4 + T cells, neutrophils, macrophages and myeloid dendritic cells. In conclusion, enhanced metabolic and mitochondrial reprogramming are typical features of TVA, and PLOD3 might be related to the “immune desert” phenotype and contribute to TVA tumorigenesis and colorectal cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Division of Colorectal Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology & Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chun-Yuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology & Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Ying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology & Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology & Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lai Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Division of Colorectal Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Xiao
- Department of General Surgery, Division of Colorectal Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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24
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Metabolic Reprogramming of Colorectal Cancer Cells and the Microenvironment: Implication for Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126262. [PMID: 34200820 PMCID: PMC8230539 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is one of the most frequently diagnosed carcinomas and one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide. Metabolic reprogramming, a hallmark of cancer, is closely related to the initiation and progression of carcinomas, including CRC. Accumulating evidence shows that activation of oncogenic pathways and loss of tumor suppressor genes regulate the metabolic reprogramming that is mainly involved in glycolysis, glutaminolysis, one-carbon metabolism and lipid metabolism. The abnormal metabolic program provides tumor cells with abundant energy, nutrients and redox requirements to support their malignant growth and metastasis, which is accompanied by impaired metabolic flexibility in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and dysbiosis of the gut microbiota. The metabolic crosstalk between the tumor cells, the components of the TME and the intestinal microbiota further facilitates CRC cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis and leads to therapy resistance. Hence, to target the dysregulated tumor metabolism, the TME and the gut microbiota, novel preventive and therapeutic applications are required. In this review, the dysregulation of metabolic programs, molecular pathways, the TME and the intestinal microbiota in CRC is addressed. Possible therapeutic strategies, including metabolic inhibition and immune therapy in CRC, as well as modulation of the aberrant intestinal microbiota, are discussed.
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25
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Lei Y, Tang R, Xu J, Wang W, Zhang B, Liu J, Yu X, Shi S. Applications of single-cell sequencing in cancer research: progress and perspectives. J Hematol Oncol 2021; 14:91. [PMID: 34108022 PMCID: PMC8190846 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-021-01105-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Single-cell sequencing, including genomics, transcriptomics, epigenomics, proteomics and metabolomics sequencing, is a powerful tool to decipher the cellular and molecular landscape at a single-cell resolution, unlike bulk sequencing, which provides averaged data. The use of single-cell sequencing in cancer research has revolutionized our understanding of the biological characteristics and dynamics within cancer lesions. In this review, we summarize emerging single-cell sequencing technologies and recent cancer research progress obtained by single-cell sequencing, including information related to the landscapes of malignant cells and immune cells, tumor heterogeneity, circulating tumor cells and the underlying mechanisms of tumor biological behaviors. Overall, the prospects of single-cell sequencing in facilitating diagnosis, targeted therapy and prognostic prediction among a spectrum of tumors are bright. In the near future, advances in single-cell sequencing will undoubtedly improve our understanding of the biological characteristics of tumors and highlight potential precise therapeutic targets for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalan Lei
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, No. 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Tang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, No. 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, No. 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, No. 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, No. 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiang Liu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, No. 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianjun Yu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, No. 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Si Shi
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, No. 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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26
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Discovering the Mutational Profile of Early Colorectal Lesions: A Translational Impact. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13092081. [PMID: 33923068 PMCID: PMC8123354 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. Next-generation sequencing technologies have identified new candidate genes and deepened the knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying the progression of colonic adenomas towards CRC. The main genetic, epigenetic, and molecular alterations driving the onset and progression of CRC in both hereditary and sporadic settings have also been investigated. The evaluation of the CRC risk based on the molecular characterization of early pre-cancerous lesions may contribute to the development of targeted preventive strategies development, help define specific risk profiles, and identify patients who will benefit from targeted endoscopic surveillance. Abstract Colorectal cancer (CRC) develops through a multi-step process characterized by the acquisition of multiple somatic mutations in oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes, epigenetic alterations and genomic instability. These events lead to the progression from precancerous lesions to advanced carcinomas. This process requires several years in a sporadic setting, while occurring at an early age and or faster in patients affected by hereditary CRC-predisposing syndromes. Since advanced CRC is largely untreatable or unresponsive to standard or targeted therapies, the endoscopic treatment of colonic lesions remains the most efficient CRC-preventive strategy. In this review, we discuss recent studies that have assessed the genetic alterations in early colorectal lesions in both hereditary and sporadic settings. Establishing the genetic profile of early colorectal lesions is a critical goal in the development of risk-based preventive strategies.
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27
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Preisler L, Habib A, Shapira G, Kuznitsov-Yanovsky L, Mayshar Y, Carmel-Gross I, Malcov M, Azem F, Shomron N, Kariv R, Hershkovitz D, Ben-Yosef D. Heterozygous APC germline mutations impart predisposition to colorectal cancer. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5113. [PMID: 33664379 PMCID: PMC7933349 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84564-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is an inherited syndrome caused by a heterozygous adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) germline mutation, associated with a profound lifetime risk for colorectal cancer. While it is well accepted that tumorigenic transformation is initiated following acquisition of a second mutation and loss of function of the APC gene, the role of heterozygous APC mutation in this process is yet to be discovered. This work aimed to explore whether a heterozygous APC mutation induces molecular defects underlying tumorigenic transformation and how different APC germline mutations predict disease severity. Three FAP-human embryonic stem cell lines (FAP1/2/3-hESC lines) carrying germline mutations at different locations of the APC gene, and two control hESC lines free of the APC mutation, were differentiated into colon organoids and analyzed by immunohistochemistry and RNA sequencing. In addition, data regarding the genotype and clinical phenotype of the embryo donor parents were collected from medical records. FAP-hESCs carrying a complete loss-of-function of a single APC allele (FAP3) generated complex and molecularly mature colon organoids, which were similar to controls. In contrast, FAP-hESCs carrying APC truncation mutations (FAP1 and FAP2) generated only few cyst-like structures and cell aggregates of various shape, occasionally with luminal parts, which aligned with their failure to upregulate critical differentiation genes early in the process, as shown by RNA sequencing. Abnormal disease phenotype was shown also in non-pathological colon of FAP patients by the randomly distribution of proliferating cells throughout the crypts, compared to their focused localization in the lower part of the crypt in healthy/non-FAP patients. Genotype/phenotype analysis revealed correlations between the colon organoid maturation potential and FAP severity in the carrier parents. In conclusion, this study suggest that a single truncated APC allele is sufficient to initiate early molecular tumorigenic activity. In addition, the results hint that patient-specific hESC-derived colon organoids can probably predict disease severity among FAP patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia Preisler
- Wolfe PGD-Stem Cell Laboratory, Racine IVF Unit, Lis Maternity Hospital, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, 64239, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Aline Habib
- Wolfe PGD-Stem Cell Laboratory, Racine IVF Unit, Lis Maternity Hospital, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, 64239, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Guy Shapira
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Liron Kuznitsov-Yanovsky
- Wolfe PGD-Stem Cell Laboratory, Racine IVF Unit, Lis Maternity Hospital, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, 64239, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Yoav Mayshar
- Wolfe PGD-Stem Cell Laboratory, Racine IVF Unit, Lis Maternity Hospital, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, 64239, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ilana Carmel-Gross
- Wolfe PGD-Stem Cell Laboratory, Racine IVF Unit, Lis Maternity Hospital, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, 64239, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Mira Malcov
- Wolfe PGD-Stem Cell Laboratory, Racine IVF Unit, Lis Maternity Hospital, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, 64239, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Foad Azem
- Wolfe PGD-Stem Cell Laboratory, Racine IVF Unit, Lis Maternity Hospital, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, 64239, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Noam Shomron
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Revital Kariv
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Dov Hershkovitz
- Institute of Pathology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Dalit Ben-Yosef
- Wolfe PGD-Stem Cell Laboratory, Racine IVF Unit, Lis Maternity Hospital, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, 64239, Tel-Aviv, Israel. .,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
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28
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He X, Cheng G, Xiao F, Zhang L, Jin G, Zhao X, Liu Y, Liang J, Li Y, Liu Z, Yuan Q, Ren H, Wu Q, Wu J, Xue L, Feng J, Wang Z, Xing Y, Wu W, Li Z, Wei D, Song X. miR-4477b gene as a novel pathogenic mutation occurring during the transformation of colorectal adenoma into colorectal cancer. J Gastrointest Oncol 2021; 12:69-78. [PMID: 33708425 DOI: 10.21037/jgo-20-600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Polyps may develop into colorectal cancer (CRC) after 10-20 years. The occurrence of polyps and tumors caused by somatic gene mutations is considered a main pathogenesis of CRC. Among all general patients with polyps or CRC, some had adenoma of varying degrees that were consistent with familial colorectal adenomas. A patient with CRC (the propositus) and his brothers and sister, all of whom had varying degrees of colorectal polyps showed different adenomas with different members in a family. Methods In the present study, a total of 9 family members were investigated, and a family tree was drawn. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral venous blood samples from family members, and whole-exome sequencing (WES) and Sanger sequencing were performed on the DNA samples. The result of WES was compared with compared directly to the reference genome (hg19) with Burrows-Wheeler Aligner, which is as control group from. Results We identified a base substitution in the miR-4477b gene (c.68415368T>G, chromosome 9 q13), predicted the target gene of miR-4477b through the biologic website, and analyzed the Gene Ontology (GO) and signal pathway of the target gene. The GO functional annotation analysis of the target gene of mir4477b revealed that these genes are involved mainly in the G1/S transition of the mitotic cell cycle, activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase activity, protein phosphorylation, and membrane, centrosome, cytoplasm, zinc ion-binding, protein-binding, and ligase activity. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genomes pathway analysis revealed that miR-4477b regulates target genes mainly involved in the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt signaling pathway, regulation of the actin cytoskeleton, proteoglycans in cancer, pathways in cancer, and renal cell carcinoma. Conclusions The mutation of the has-mir-4477b gene likely leads to the occurrence of adenoma and CRC. In-depth studies of patients from the same family with different stages of adenoma can avoid errors caused by gene diversity, incomplete clinical data, and uncertain disease development. The has-mir-4477b gene may represent a key gene mutation in colorectal carcinogenesis and a multiyear cancer risk for patients that requires further attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu He
- Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Guohua Cheng
- Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Feng Xiao
- Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Gang Jin
- Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Juan Liang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yarong Li
- Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zhaoyu Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Qiang Yuan
- Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Hongwei Ren
- Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Qilong Wu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jinrong Wu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Lili Xue
- Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jing Feng
- Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zhihui Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yueming Xing
- Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Dong Wei
- Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiang Song
- Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
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29
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Pirlog R, Cismaru A, Nutu A, Berindan-Neagoe I. Field Cancerization in NSCLC: A New Perspective on MicroRNAs in Macrophage Polarization. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020746. [PMID: 33451052 PMCID: PMC7828565 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is currently the first cause of cancer-related death. The major lung cancer subtype is non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC), which accounts for approximatively 85% of cases. The major carcinogenic associated with lung cancer is tobacco smoke, which produces long-lasting and progressive damage to the respiratory tract. The progressive and diffuse alterations that occur in the respiratory tract of patients with cancer and premalignant lesions have been described as field cancerization. At the level of tumor cells, adjacent tumor microenvironment (TME) and cancerized field are taking place dynamic interactions through direct cell-to-cell communication or through extracellular vesicles. These molecular messages exchanged between tumor and nontumor cells are represented by proteins, noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs). In this paper, we analyze the miRNA roles in the macrophage polarization at the level of TME and cancerized field in NSCLC. Identifying molecular players that can influence the phenotypic states at the level of malignant cells, tumor microenvironment and cancerized field can provide us new insights into tumor regulatory mechanisms that can be further modulated to restore the immunogenic capacity of the TME. This approach could revert alterations in the cancerized field and could enhance currently available therapy approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radu Pirlog
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, The “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.P.); (A.C.); (A.N.)
- Department of Morphological Sciences, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andrei Cismaru
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, The “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.P.); (A.C.); (A.N.)
- Department of Functional Sciences, Immunology and Allergology, The “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andreea Nutu
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, The “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.P.); (A.C.); (A.N.)
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, The “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.P.); (A.C.); (A.N.)
- The Functional Genomics Department, The Oncology Institute “Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta”, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-743-111-800
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Chen X, Yi C, Yang MJ, Sun X, Liu X, Ma H, Li Y, Li H, Wang C, He Y, Chen G, Chen S, Yu L, Yu D. Metabolomics study reveals the potential evidence of metabolic reprogramming towards the Warburg effect in precancerous lesions. J Cancer 2021; 12:1563-1574. [PMID: 33532002 PMCID: PMC7847643 DOI: 10.7150/jca.54252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Most tumors have an enhanced glycolysis flux, even when oxygen is available, called the aerobic glycolysis or the Warburg effect. Metabolic reprogramming promotes cancer progression, and is even related to the tumorigenesis. However, it is not clear whether the observed metabolic changes act as a driver or a bystander in cancer development. Methods: In this study, the metabolic characteristics of oral precancerous cells and cervical precancerous lesions were analyzed by metabolomics, and the expression of glycolytic enzymes in cervical precancerous lesions was evaluated by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. Results: In total, 115 and 23 metabolites with reliable signals were identified in oral cells and cervical tissues, respectively. Based on the metabolome, oral precancerous cell DOK could be clearly separated from normal human oral epithelial cells (HOEC) and oral cancer cells. Four critical differential metabolites (pyruvate, glutamine, methionine and lysine) were identified between DOK and HOEC. Metabolic profiles could clearly distinguish cervical precancerous lesions from normal cervical epithelium and cervical cancer. Compared with normal cervical epithelium, the glucose consumption and lactate production increased in cervical precancerous lesions. The expression of glycolytic enzymes LDHA, HK II and PKM2 showed an increased tendency in cervical precancerous lesions compared with normal cervical epithelium. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that cell metabolism may be reprogrammed at the early stage of tumorigenesis, implying the contribution of metabolic reprogramming to the development of tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Chen
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Yi
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, People's Republic of China
| | - Man-Jun Yang
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueqi Sun
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Xubin Liu
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanyu Ma
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiming Li
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyu Li
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Wang
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi He
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanhui Chen
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, People's Republic of China
| | - Shangwu Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Yu
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongsheng Yu
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, People's Republic of China
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31
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Lu Y, Zhou X, Liu Z, Wang W, Lu S, Fu W. Prognosis Prediction for Colorectal Cancer Patients: A Risk Score Based on The Metabolic-Related Genes. Int J Med Sci 2021; 18:801-810. [PMID: 33437216 PMCID: PMC7797536 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.49576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Risk assessment has high prognostic value in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), and the use of proper models is an effective approach frequently used to evaluate cancer progression for further treatment plans. Alterations in metabolism are confirmed to be a significant feature of tumor cells and have been an intense focus in disease research. Here, we mined the genes that were differentially expressed in CRC tissues compared to paired normal samples from a public database and then constructed a novel assessment system for the prognosis of patients based on the value of a risk score considering the expression status of metabolism-related genes after screening. The score successfully stratified patients by risk and was externally verified in our study. Moreover, we built a nomogram combining the score and clinical parameters to predict patient survival using a visual method. The results suggested that the risk score was well fit and could provide assistance for the individual treatment of CRC patients in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqu Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zhenzhen Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Wendong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Siyi Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Wei Fu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
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Noë M, Niknafs N, Fischer CG, Hackeng WM, Beleva Guthrie V, Hosoda W, Debeljak M, Papp E, Adleff V, White JR, Luchini C, Pea A, Scarpa A, Butturini G, Zamboni G, Castelli P, Hong SM, Yachida S, Hiraoka N, Gill AJ, Samra JS, Offerhaus GJA, Hoorens A, Verheij J, Jansen C, Adsay NV, Jiang W, Winter J, Albores-Saavedra J, Terris B, Thompson ED, Roberts NJ, Hruban RH, Karchin R, Scharpf RB, Brosens LAA, Velculescu VE, Wood LD. Genomic characterization of malignant progression in neoplastic pancreatic cysts. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4085. [PMID: 32796935 PMCID: PMC7428044 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17917-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) and mucinous cystic neoplasms (MCNs) are non-invasive neoplasms that are often observed in association with invasive pancreatic cancers, but their origins and evolutionary relationships are poorly understood. In this study, we analyze 148 samples from IPMNs, MCNs, and small associated invasive carcinomas from 18 patients using whole exome or targeted sequencing. Using evolutionary analyses, we establish that both IPMNs and MCNs are direct precursors to pancreatic cancer. Mutations in SMAD4 and TGFBR2 are frequently restricted to invasive carcinoma, while RNF43 alterations are largely in non-invasive lesions. Genomic analyses suggest an average window of over three years between the development of high-grade dysplasia and pancreatic cancer. Taken together, these data establish non-invasive IPMNs and MCNs as origins of invasive pancreatic cancer, identifying potential drivers of invasion, highlighting the complex clonal dynamics prior to malignant transformation, and providing opportunities for early detection and intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaël Noë
- Department of Pathology, Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Noushin Niknafs
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Catherine G Fischer
- Department of Pathology, Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Wenzel M Hackeng
- Department of Pathology, Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Pathology, The University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Violeta Beleva Guthrie
- Institute for Computational Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Waki Hosoda
- Department of Pathology, Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Marija Debeljak
- Department of Pathology, Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Eniko Papp
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Vilmos Adleff
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - James R White
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Claudio Luchini
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Antonio Pea
- Department of Surgery - The Pancreas Institute, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Aldo Scarpa
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- ARC-Net Centre for Applied Research on Cancer, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Zamboni
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Pathology, IRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar, Verona, Italy
| | - Paola Castelli
- Pathology, IRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar, Verona, Italy
| | - Seung-Mo Hong
- Department of Pathology, Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Shinichi Yachida
- Department of Cancer Genome Informatics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Nobuyoshi Hiraoka
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Anthony J Gill
- University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- NSW Health Pathology, Department of Anatomical Pathology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Cancer Diagnosis and Pathology Research Group, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jaswinder S Samra
- University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Upper Gastrointestinal Surgical Unit, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - G Johan A Offerhaus
- Department of Pathology, The University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Anne Hoorens
- Department of Pathology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Joanne Verheij
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Casper Jansen
- LABPON, Laboratory for Pathology Eastern Netherlands, Hengelo, The Netherlands
| | | | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jordan Winter
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center and Seidman Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Benoit Terris
- Service de Pathologie, AP-HP, Hôpital Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Elizabeth D Thompson
- Department of Pathology, Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nicholas J Roberts
- Department of Pathology, Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ralph H Hruban
- Department of Pathology, Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rachel Karchin
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Institute for Computational Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Robert B Scharpf
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lodewijk A A Brosens
- Department of Pathology, The University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Victor E Velculescu
- Department of Pathology, Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Institute for Computational Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Laura D Wood
- Department of Pathology, Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Peng C, Ouyang Y, Lu N, Li N. The NF-κB Signaling Pathway, the Microbiota, and Gastrointestinal Tumorigenesis: Recent Advances. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1387. [PMID: 32695120 PMCID: PMC7338561 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, especially gastric cancer and colorectal cancer (CRC), represent a major global health burden. A large population of microorganisms residing in the GI tract regulate physiological processes, such as the immune response, metabolic balance, and homeostasis. Accumulating evidence has revealed the alteration of microbial communities in GI tumorigenesis. Experimental studies in cell lines and animal models showed the functional roles and molecular mechanisms of several bacteria in GI cancers, including Helicobacter pylori in gastric cancer as well as Fusobacterium nucleatum, Escherichia coli, Peptostreptococcus anaerobius, and Bacteroides fragilis in CRC. The transcriptional factor NF-κB plays a crucial role in the host response to microbial infection through orchestrating innate and adaptive immune functions. Moreover, NF-κB activity is linked to GI cancer initiation and development through its induction of chronic inflammation, cellular transformation and proliferation. Here, we provide an overview and discussion of modulation of the NF-κB signaling pathway by microbiota, especially infectious bacteria, in GI tumorigenesis, with a major focus on gastric cancer and CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yaobin Ouyang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Nonghua Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Nianshuang Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Institute of Digestive Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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