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Honda C, Yamamoto-Takiguchi N. Association between obtaining injury prevention information and maternal and child health services during COVID-19. BMC Health Serv Res 2024; 24:275. [PMID: 38443936 PMCID: PMC10913221 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-024-10794-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019 disrupted the delivery of public maternal and child health services to caregivers of preschool children, leading to decreased opportunities for injury prevention education. We aim to 1) explore the timing, content, and methods of providing injury prevention information desired by pregnant women and mothers and 2) identify mothers who experienced difficulty in obtaining injury prevention information owing to reduced maternal and child health services. METHODS From March 24 to 29, 2022, we conducted a population-based cross-sectional study and web-based survey. Of the registered monitors of the internet research company Rakuten Insight, 675 mothers raising their first child aged 0-2 during the COVID-19 period (February 2020 to March 2022) were included in the analysis. RESULTS Over half of the mothers wanted injury prevention information throughout their pregnancy. They preferred receiving information through traditional face-to-face services provided by local governments, such as antenatal classes or checkups. However, 34.1% of mothers said they did not obtain the information they needed; this was particularly true of unemployed mothers, had children aged 0-1, and had children with illnesses requiring hospital visits. CONCLUSIONS Mothers who could not obtain injury prevention information were originally disadvantaged mothers concerning access to information. The decrease in maternal and child health services may have widened this information gap. These findings can inform recommendations for caregivers, particularly those susceptible to information gaps during emergencies, and offer insights into future injury prevention education strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chikako Honda
- Department of Community Health Nursing, Division of Health Sciences and Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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Schulze A, Lindemann AK, Brand F, Geppert J, Menning A, Stehr P, Reifegerste D, Rossmann C. Mobile Apps Aimed at Preventing and Handling Unintentional Injuries in Children Aged <7 Years: Systematic Review. Interact J Med Res 2023; 12:e45258. [PMID: 37672312 PMCID: PMC10512123 DOI: 10.2196/45258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite various global health crises, the prevention and handling of unintentional childhood injuries remains an important public health objective. Although several systematic reviews have examined the effectiveness of different child injury prevention measures, these reviews did not address the evaluation of mobile communication intervention tools. Whether and how mobile apps were evaluated provides information on the extent to which communication theories, models, and evidence-based knowledge were considered. Previous studies have shown that the effectiveness of mobile apps increases when theories and evidence are considered during their development. OBJECTIVE This systematic review aimed to identify research on mobile apps dealing with the prevention and handling of unintentional injuries in children and examine the theoretical and methodological approaches thereof. In addition, this review analyzed the different needs of various target groups of the mobile apps described in the articles. METHODS In total, 8 electronic databases, ranging from interdisciplinary to medical and technical as well as social sciences databases, were searched for original research articles or brief reports in peer-reviewed journals or conference proceedings. Moreover, this review encompassed a systematic scan of articles published in the BMJ journal Injury Prevention. These steps were followed by a snowball search based on the literature references in the articles identified through the initial screening. The articles had to be written in English or German, published between 2008 and 2021, and evaluate mobile apps dealing with the prevention and handling of unintentional child injuries. The identified 5 studies were analyzed by 5 independent researchers using an inductive approach. Furthermore, the quality of the studies was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. RESULTS A total of 5 articles were included and assessed with regard to overall quality of theoretical and methodological foundations, assessed variables, the focal app's architecture, and the needs of the study participants. The overall study quality was moderate, although part of this classification was due to a lack of details reported in the studies. Each study examined 1 mobile app aimed at parents and other caregivers. Each study assessed at least 1 usability- or user experience-related variable, whereas the needs of the included study participants were detailed in only 20% (1/5) of the cases. However, none of the studies referred to theories such as the Technology Acceptance Model during the development of the apps. CONCLUSIONS The future development and evaluation of apps dealing with the prevention and handling of child injuries should combine insights into existing models on user experience and usability with established theories on mobile information behavior. This theory-based approach will increase the validity of such evaluation studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annett Schulze
- Department of Risk Communication, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ann-Kathrin Lindemann
- Department of Risk Communication, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Fabian Brand
- Department of Risk Communication, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Johanna Geppert
- Department of Risk Communication, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Axel Menning
- Department of Risk Communication, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Paula Stehr
- Department of Media and Communication, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Doreen Reifegerste
- Department of Prevention and Health Promotion, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Constanze Rossmann
- Department of Media and Communication, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
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Bicycle Injury Prevention Education Using 360° Virtual Reality Experiences of Accidents and Computer-Based Activity. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9111623. [DOI: 10.3390/children9111623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Injury prevention programs for children and adolescents need to be immersive and interactive. This study assessed a bicycle injury prevention program using technology-based education based on the Activated Health Education model and evaluated its effect on environmental factor awareness and attitude toward helmet-wearing. Using virtual reality technology, elementary and middle school students could experience simulated bicycle accidents. It was followed by an awareness phase that included a 30-min lecture where students self-learned and discussed risk-preventive factors. Students then developed user-created content and customized helmets they were given. We assessed students before the program, immediately afterward, and one month after the program. The number of respondents who said they were aware of surrounding bicycle lanes increased from 75.3% (pre-program) to 92.5% (one month after). Those who said they wore helmets often or always rose from 14.3% (pre-program) to 32.5% (one month later). The number needed to treat helmet-wearing behavior was approximately four, meaning that four people were required to participate in the program to have an impact on one person’s helmet-wearing. We found that virtual reality and computer-based activities can help children and adolescents experience bicycle accidents, be aware of risk factors, and change their behaviors responsibly.
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Oxley JA, Meyer G, Cant I, Bellantuono GM, Butcher M, Levers A, Westgarth C. A pilot study investigating human behaviour towards DAVE (Dog Assisted Virtual Environment) and interpretation of non-reactive and aggressive behaviours during a virtual reality exploration task. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0274329. [PMID: 36170291 PMCID: PMC9518854 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Dog aggression is a public health concern because dog bites often lead to physical and psychological trauma in humans. It is also a welfare concern for dogs. To prevent aggressive behaviours, it is important to understand human behaviour towards dogs and our ability to interpret signs of dog aggression. This poses ethical challenges for humans and dogs. The aim of this study was to introduce, describe and pilot test a virtual reality dog model (DAVE (Dog Assisted Virtual Environment)). The Labrador model has two different modes displaying aggressive and non-reactive non-aggressive behaviours. The aggressive behaviours displayed are based on the current understanding of canine ethology and expert feedback. The objective of the study was to test the recognition of dog behaviour and associated human approach and avoidance behaviour. Sixteen university students were recruited via an online survey to participate in a practical study, and randomly allocated to two experimental conditions, an aggressive followed by a non-reactive virtual reality model (group AN) or vice versa (group NA). Participants were instructed to ‘explore the area’ in each condition, followed by a survey. A Wilcoxon and Mann Whitney U test was used to compare the closest distance to the dog within and between groups respectively. Participants moved overall significantly closer to the non-reactive dog compared to the aggressive dog (p≤0.001; r = 0.8). Descriptions of the aggressive dog given by participants often used motivational or emotional terms. There was little evidence of simulator sickness and presence scores were high indicating sufficient immersion in the virtual environment. Participants appeared to perceive the dog as realistic and behaved and interacted with the dog model in a manner that might be expected during an interaction with a live dog. This study also highlights the promising results for the potential future use of virtual reality in behavioural research (i.e., human-dog interactions), education (i.e. safety around dogs) and psychological treatment (e.g. dog phobia treatment).
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Affiliation(s)
- James A. Oxley
- Department of Livestock and One Health, University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus, Neston, Cheshire, United Kingdom
| | - Georg Meyer
- Institute of Digital Engineering and Autonomous Systems, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Iain Cant
- Virtual Engineering Centre, Daresbury, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Andrew Levers
- Virtual Engineering Centre, Daresbury, United Kingdom
| | - Carri Westgarth
- Department of Livestock and One Health, University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus, Neston, Cheshire, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Ridings LE, Davidson TM, Walker J, Winkelmann J, Anton MT, Espeleta HC, Nemeth LS, Streck CJ, Ruggiero KJ. Caregivers' and Young Children's Emotional Health Needs After Pediatric Traumatic Injury. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2022; 61:560-569. [PMID: 35581720 PMCID: PMC9329229 DOI: 10.1177/00099228221097498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Pediatric traumatic injury (PTI) is associated with emotional health difficulties, but most US trauma centers do not adequately address emotional recovery needs. This study aimed to assess families' emotional health needs following PTI and determine how technology could be used to inform early interventions. Individual semi-structured, qualitative interviews were conducted with caregivers of children admitted to a Level I trauma center in the Southeastern United States to understand families' experiences in-hospital and post-discharge. Participants included 20 caregivers of PTI patients under age 12 (M = 6.4 years; 70% male, 45% motor vehicle collision). Thematic analysis was used to analyze data from interviews that were conducted until saturation. Caregivers reported varying emotional needs in hospital and difficulties adjusting after discharge. Families responded enthusiastically to the potential of a technology-enhanced resource for families affected by PTI. A cost-effective, scalable intervention is needed to promote recovery and has potential for widespread pediatric hospital uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leigh E. Ridings
- College of Nursing, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Tatiana M. Davidson
- College of Nursing, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | | | - Jennifer Winkelmann
- College of Nursing, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Margaret T. Anton
- College of Nursing, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Hannah C. Espeleta
- College of Nursing, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Lynne S. Nemeth
- College of Nursing, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Christian J. Streck
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Kenneth J. Ruggiero
- College of Nursing, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
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Chen M, Chan KL. Effectiveness of Digital Health Interventions on Unintentional Injury, Violence, and Suicide: Meta-Analysis. TRAUMA, VIOLENCE & ABUSE 2022; 23:605-619. [PMID: 33094703 DOI: 10.1177/1524838020967346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Digital technologies are increasingly used in health-care delivery and are being introduced into work to prevent unintentional injury, violence, and suicide to reduce mortality. To understand the potential of digital health interventions (DHIs) to prevent and reduce these problems, we conduct a meta-analysis and provide an overview of their effectiveness and characteristics related to the effects. We searched electronic databases and reference lists of relevant reviews to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in or before March 2020 evaluating DHIs on injury, violence, or suicide reduction. Based on the 34 RCT studies included in the meta-analysis, the overall random effect size was 0.21, and the effect sizes for reducing suicidal ideation, interpersonal violence, and unintentional injury were 0.17, 0.24, and 0.31, respectively, which can be regarded as comparable to the effect sizes of traditional face-to-face interventions. However, there was considerable heterogeneity between the studies. In conclusion, DHIs have great potential to reduce unintentional injury, violence, and suicide. Future research should explore DHIs' successful components to facilitate future implementation and wider access.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengtong Chen
- Department of Social Work, 26679Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Ko Ling Chan
- Department of Applied Social Sciences, 26680The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hunghom, Hong Kong
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Prevalence and Correlates of Serious Injuries among Adolescents in Mauritius. ScientificWorldJournal 2021; 2021:3733762. [PMID: 34955692 PMCID: PMC8709757 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3733762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Injuries are a major global health problem that affects teenagers in many countries. Though several studies have been done in many countries, little is known among adolescents in Mauritius. Therefore, our paper explored the prevalence and correlates of serious injuries among adolescents in Mauritius. Methods We analysed the 2017 Global School-Based Student Health Survey (GSHS) data from Mauritius, using the Chi-square test and binomial logistic regression analysis with adjusted odds ratio (AOR) at 95% confidence interval (CI). Results The prevalence of serious injuries among adolescents in Mauritius stood at 39.0%. Also, the predictors of serious injuries included sex (AOR = 0.70, CI = 0.58–0.81), physical attack (AOR = 0.47, CI = 0.39–0.57), being bullied (AOR = 0.48, CI = 0.48–0.70), suicide ideation (AOR = 0.65, CI = 0.49–0.85), hunger (AOR = 0.65, CI = 0.48–0.86), truancy from school (AOR = 0.77, CI = 0.63–0.93), marijuana use (AOR = 0.54, CI = 0.39–0.76), alcohol consumption (AOR = 0.64, CI = 0.70–0.98), and parental neglect (AOR = 0.83, CI = 0.70–0.98). Conclusion The rate of injury among adolescents in Mauritius is moderately high, with sex, suicidal thought, hunger, truancy, drug use, and parental neglect as correlates. There is an urgent need for health promotion interventions at family, community, and school levels to deal with this level of serious injuries and the factors influencing such occurrences among these adolescents in Mauritius.
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Cooray N, Sun SL, Ho C, Adams S, Keay L, Nassar N, Brown J. Toward a Behavior Theory-Informed and User-Centered Mobile App for Parents to Prevent Infant Falls: Development and Usability Study. JMIR Pediatr Parent 2021; 4:e29731. [PMID: 34932004 PMCID: PMC8726019 DOI: 10.2196/29731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Falls account for approximately 50% of infant injury hospitalizations, and caretaker behavior is central to preventing infant falls. Behavior theory-informed interventions for injury prevention have been suggested, but to date, few have been reported. The potential of using smartphones for injury prevention intervention delivery is also underexploited. OBJECTIVE This study aims to develop a behavior theory- and evidence-based as well as user-centered digital intervention as a mobile app for parents to prevent infant falls following agile development practices. METHODS Infant falls while feeding was selected as the fall mechanism to demonstrate the approach being taken to develop this intervention. In phase 1, the Behaviour Change Wheel was used as a theoretical framework supported by a literature review to define intervention components that were then implemented as a mobile app. In phase 2, after the person-based approach, user testing through think-aloud interviews and comprehension assessments were used to refine the content and implementation of the intervention. RESULTS The target behaviors identified in phase 1 were adequate rest for the newborn's mother and safe feeding practices defined as prepare, position, and place. From behavioral determinants and the Behaviour Change Wheel, the behavior change functions selected to achieve these target behaviors were psychological capability, social opportunity, and reflective motivation. The selected behavior change techniques aligned with these functions were providing information on health consequences, using a credible source, instruction on performing each behavior, and social support. The defined intervention was implemented in a draft Android app. In phase 2, 4 rounds of user testing were required to achieve the predefined target comprehension level. The results from the think-aloud interviews were used to refine the intervention content and app features. Overall, the results from phase 2 revealed that users found the information provided to be helpful. Features such as self-tracking and inclusion of the social and environmental aspects of falls prevention were liked by the participants. Important feedback for the successful implementation of the digital intervention was also obtained from the user testing. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, this is the first study to apply the Behaviour Change Wheel to develop a digital intervention for child injury prevention. This study provides a detailed example of evidence-based development of a behavior theory-informed mobile intervention for injury prevention refined using the person-based approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nipuna Cooray
- The George Institute for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Newtown, Australia
| | - Si Louise Sun
- School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Catherine Ho
- The George Institute for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Newtown, Australia
| | - Susan Adams
- The George Institute for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Newtown, Australia
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, Australia
| | - Lisa Keay
- The George Institute for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Newtown, Australia
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Natasha Nassar
- Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Julie Brown
- The George Institute for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Newtown, Australia
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Assessing the effectiveness of an app-based child unintentional injury prevention intervention for caregivers of rural Chinese preschoolers: protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:2137. [PMID: 34801006 PMCID: PMC8606071 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-12156-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Compared to urban children, children living in rural areas of most countries, including China, are at higher risk of suffering unintentional injuries. Most proven injury prevention interventions, however, are rarely implemented in rural China due to lack of resources. Mobile health interventions are low-cost and easy-to-implement, facilitating implementing injury prevention in resource-limited areas (e.g., rural areas). This study is designed and implemented to examine the effectiveness of an app-based intervention for unintentional injury prevention among rural preschoolers in China. Methods A single-blind, 18-month, parallel-group cluster randomized controlled trial with 1:1 allocation ratio will be implemented in 2 rural areas of China (Yang County, Shaanxi Province, and Shicheng County, Jiangxi Province). In total, at least 3508 rural caregivers of preschoolers aged 3–6 years old who own a smartphone will be recruited from 24 preschools. Clusters will be randomized at the preschool level and allocated to the control group (receiving routine school-based education plus app-based parenting education excluding unintentional injury prevention) or the intervention group (receiving routine school-based education plus app-based parenting education including unintentional injury prevention). External support strategies will be adopted by local partners to minimize user fatigue, non-compliance, and attrition. Data collection will be conducted at baseline and then every 3 months during the 18-month follow-up time period. Intention-to-treat data analysis will be implemented. Missing values will be imputed by using the Expectation Maximization algorithm. Generalized estimating equation will test the overall effectiveness of the app-based intervention. A per-protocol sensitivity analysis will be conducted to test the robustness of results. Subgroup analyses will follow the strategies for primary analyses. The primary outcome measure is the incidence rate of unintentional injury among preschoolers during the study period. Secondary outcome measures comprise longitudinal changes in caregiver’s attitudes, caregiver-reported supervision behaviors, and caregiver-assessed home environment safety surrounding child unintentional injury prevention in the last week using a standardized audit instrument. Discussion The app-based intervention is expected to be feasible and effective over the 18-month intervention period. If the app is demonstrated effective as hypothesized, we will initiate processes to generalize and popularize it broadly to rural child caregivers across China. Trial registration ChiCTR2000037606, registered on August 29, 2020.
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McKenzie LB, Roberts KJ, McAdams RJ, Abdel-Rasoul M, Kristel O, Szymanski A, Keim SA, Shields WC. Efficacy of a mobile technology-based intervention for increasing parents' safety knowledge and actions: a randomized controlled trial. Inj Epidemiol 2021; 8:56. [PMID: 34593040 PMCID: PMC8485517 DOI: 10.1186/s40621-021-00350-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Leading causes of unintentional child injury such as poisoning and falls are preventable, and the majority occur in the home. Numerous home safety interventions have been developed and tested to increase safety behaviors; however, no smart phone-based applications (apps) have been developed and evaluated for this purpose. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether a mobile technology-based health behavior change intervention, the Make Safe Happen® app, was an effective tool to increase safety knowledge and safety actions/behaviors for the prevention of child unintentional injuries in and around the home. Methods Data were collected in pretest and posttest online surveys from an existing nationwide population-based survey panel. Intervention subjects were randomized to organically (participant-driven) use the Make Safe Happen® app for 1 week, which provided home safety information and the ability to purchase safety products, while control participants were assigned to download and use an app about a topic other than home safety. The primary outcomes of safety knowledge and home safety actions were assessed by using linear mixed model regressions with intention-to-treat analyses. Results A total of 5032 participants were randomized to either the intervention (n = 4182) or control (n = 850) group, with 2055 intervention participants downloading and entering their participant IDs into the Make Safe Happen® app. The online posttest survey was completed by 770 intervention and 283 control subjects. Mean knowledge parent safety score increased at a greater rate for intervention than control subjects (p < 0.0001), and at posttest was significantly higher for intervention than control subjects (p < 0.0001). The percentage of intervention subjects who reported doing all one-time and repeated safety actions significantly increased from pretest to posttest (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.0001, respectively), but there was no change among the control subjects (p = 0.1041 and p = 0.9755, respectively). At posttest, this percentage was larger for intervention than control subjects only for repeated safety actions (p = 0.0340). Conclusions The mobile application significantly improved safety knowledge and safety actions for participants using the Make Safe Happen® app, although loss to follow-up was a limitation. The results of this study indicate the usefulness of widespread distribution and use of the Make Safe Happen® app. Trial registration numberNCT02751203; Registered April 26, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara B McKenzie
- Center for Injury Research and Policy, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA. .,Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, 370 W. 9th Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA. .,Division of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, 250 Cunz Hall, 1841 Neil Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
| | - Kristin J Roberts
- Center for Injury Research and Policy, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA
| | - Rebecca J McAdams
- Center for Injury Research and Policy, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA
| | - Mahmoud Abdel-Rasoul
- Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, 320 Lincoln Tower, 1800 Cannon Dr., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Orie Kristel
- Illuminology, 5258 Bethel Reed Park, Columbus, OH, 43220, USA
| | | | - Sarah A Keim
- Center for Injury Research and Policy, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, 370 W. 9th Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.,Division of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, 250 Cunz Hall, 1841 Neil Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Wendy C Shields
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins Center for Injury Research and Policy, 624 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
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Tang EHM, Bedford LE, Yu EYT, Tse ETY, Dong W, Wu T, Cheung BMY, Wong CKH, Lam CLK. Unintentional Injury Burden in Hong Kong: Results from a Representative Population-Based Survey. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18168826. [PMID: 34444574 PMCID: PMC8392553 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18168826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Unintentional injuries are major causes of mortality and morbidity. Although generally perceived as accidents, it is possible to identify those at higher risk and implement appropriate prevention measures. This study aims to investigate the common causes of unintentional injuries and their associated risk factors among a large representative sample. Data of 12,022 individuals who completed the Hong Kong Population Health Survey 2014/15 were extracted. The primary outcome was the prevalence of having unintentional injury(-ies) in the previous 12 months that was severe enough to limit daily activities. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify associations between injuries and sociodemographic, clinical and lifestyle factors. 14.5% of respondents reported episode(s) of unintentional injury in the past 12 months in the population level. The main causes of top three most severe unintentional injuries were sprains (24.0%), falls (19.9%) and being hit/struck (19.6%). 13.2% injury episodes were work-related among the most severe episode. Factors independently associated with significantly higher risks of injury included currently employed, homemaker or student, born in Hong Kong (as compared with immigrants), doctor-diagnosed chronic conditions, harmful alcohol consumption, insufficient sleep, and disturbed sleep. To summarize, unintentional injuries are highly prevalent and associated with harmful drinking, insufficient sleep, and disturbed sleep, which are potential modifiable risk factors for prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Ho Man Tang
- Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (E.H.M.T.); (L.E.B.); (E.T.Y.T.); (W.D.); (T.W.); (C.K.H.W.); (C.L.K.L.)
| | - Laura Elizabeth Bedford
- Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (E.H.M.T.); (L.E.B.); (E.T.Y.T.); (W.D.); (T.W.); (C.K.H.W.); (C.L.K.L.)
| | - Esther Yee Tak Yu
- Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (E.H.M.T.); (L.E.B.); (E.T.Y.T.); (W.D.); (T.W.); (C.K.H.W.); (C.L.K.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +852-2552-4640
| | - Emily Tsui Yee Tse
- Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (E.H.M.T.); (L.E.B.); (E.T.Y.T.); (W.D.); (T.W.); (C.K.H.W.); (C.L.K.L.)
| | - Weinan Dong
- Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (E.H.M.T.); (L.E.B.); (E.T.Y.T.); (W.D.); (T.W.); (C.K.H.W.); (C.L.K.L.)
| | - Tingting Wu
- Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (E.H.M.T.); (L.E.B.); (E.T.Y.T.); (W.D.); (T.W.); (C.K.H.W.); (C.L.K.L.)
| | - Bernard Man Yung Cheung
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Carlos King Ho Wong
- Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (E.H.M.T.); (L.E.B.); (E.T.Y.T.); (W.D.); (T.W.); (C.K.H.W.); (C.L.K.L.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Cindy Lo Kuen Lam
- Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (E.H.M.T.); (L.E.B.); (E.T.Y.T.); (W.D.); (T.W.); (C.K.H.W.); (C.L.K.L.)
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12
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Yong TSM, Perialathan K, Ahmad M, Juatan N, Abdul Majid L, Johari MZ. Perceptions and Acceptability of a Smartphone App Intervention (ChildSafe) in Malaysia: Qualitative Exploratory Study. JMIR Pediatr Parent 2021; 4:e24156. [PMID: 34061039 PMCID: PMC8207251 DOI: 10.2196/24156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Home is a vulnerable place for accidental child injuries. Unintentional injuries are a leading cause of death, hospitalization, and disabilities. These injuries are considered preventable and if not tackled, they will continue to be a persisting problem. Smartphones have become increasingly important in our everyday life and is an important tool not only for communication but also for other purposes-they have apps that can be used for various purposes. Therefore, an app-based intervention (ChildSafe) was developed to assess and reduce child injury at home. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the acceptance of the ChildSafe smartphone app intervention by parents/guardians. METHODS This study was conducted using a qualitative exploratory approach on selected participants of the ChildSafe intervention app study. A total of 27 semistructured in-depth interviews were carried out among parents or guardians who have at least one child between the age of 0 and 59 months in the area of Sungai Buloh, Selangor, between November 2017 and March 2018. Interview questions were developed from the consolidated framework for implementation research (CFIR). Interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim, and data were thematically analyzed guided by CFIR. RESULTS The study revealed users' perception on usability, feasibility, and acceptability toward the ChildSafe app. Three CFIR domains were identified: intervention characteristics, inner setting, and characteristics of individuals. A total of 5 constructs were revealed under intervention characteristics: evidence strength and quality, relative advantage, adaptability, trialability, and design quality and packaging; 2 under inner setting: implementation climate and readiness for implementation; and 4 under characteristics of individuals: knowledge and beliefs about the intervention, self-efficacy, individual stage of change, and other personal attributes. In general, participants felt the app is extremely useful and effective, easy to use, and purposeful in achieving home safety assessment via reminders. The app replaces the need for participants to search for information on home safety and dangers, as the app itself was designed as a tool to assess for this specific purpose. Even at the nascent stage and despite its limitations, the app has prompted users to consider and make changes around their own home. However, future versions of the app should be expanded to make it more attractive to users as it lacks interactive feedback and additional features. CONCLUSIONS Parents/guardians are accepting the use of the ChildSafe app to prevent child injury at home. However, further expansion and improvements are needed to increase the acceptability of this app by parents/guardians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Sui Mien Yong
- Institute for Health Behavioural Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, Malaysia
| | - Komathi Perialathan
- Institute for Health Behavioural Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, Malaysia
| | - Masitah Ahmad
- Institute for Health Behavioural Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, Malaysia
| | - Nurashma Juatan
- Institute for Health Behavioural Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, Malaysia
| | - Liana Abdul Majid
- Institute of Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Zabri Johari
- Institute for Health Behavioural Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, Malaysia
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13
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Gaw CE, Berthet E, Curry AE, Zonfrillo MR, Arbogast KB, Corwin DJ. Pediatric Health Care Provider Perspectives on Injury Prevention Counseling in Acute and Primary Care Settings. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2020; 59:1150-1160. [PMID: 32668957 PMCID: PMC10066848 DOI: 10.1177/0009922820941237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to characterize how pediatric primary care and emergency medicine health care providers and trainees engage in injury prevention counseling and assess perceptions toward injury prevention resources. We surveyed physicians, advanced practice providers, and trainees in the Emergency Department, Primary Care Network, and Pediatric Residency Program at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia from September to November 2019. Of the 578 eligible participants, 208 (36.0%) completed the survey. When asked to rank the suitability of alternative personnel for providing counseling, 63.0% of the participants selected an injury prevention specialist as best suited. Seventy-six percent of the providers considered a tablet or mobile device used before a patient encounter to be a helpful resource. Variability existed in provider comfort, knowledge, and frequency of counseling by injury topic. Free-text responses cited time as a barrier to counseling. Opportunities exist to improve the provision of injury education through the utilization of novel resources and personnel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher E Gaw
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ellora Berthet
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Allison E Curry
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Kristy B Arbogast
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Daniel J Corwin
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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14
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What, Who, and When? The Perceptions That Young Drivers and Parents Have of Driving Simulators for Use in Driver Education. SAFETY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/safety6040046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Driver education providers may utilise technologies such as driving simulators to augment their existing courses. Understanding the perceptions that young drivers and parents have of simulators may help to make simulator-based driver education more accepted and more likely to be effective. Young drivers and parents completed an online questionnaire that included a “simulator invention” visualisation task. Items based on the Goals for Driver Education framework investigated perceptions of the most appropriate skill type, while others examined the most suitable target group for simulator training, and timing in relation to completing a formal driver education course for simulator training to occur. Both groups perceived that simulators were most appropriate for training a combination of physical, traffic, psychological, and social driving skills with learner drivers during attendance at a novice driver education program. Young drivers and parents had similar perceptions regarding the amount that each skill type should be trained using a simulator. Understanding the perceptions of young drivers and parents, and especially those who are somewhat naïve to the use of driving simulators, may aid in the introduction and administration of simulator training and may increase the effectiveness of driver education as a crash countermeasure.
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Peskin MF, Markham CM, Shegog R, Baumler ER, Addy RC, Temple JR, Hernandez B, Cuccaro PM, Thiel MA, Gabay EK, Tortolero Emery SR. Adolescent Dating Violence Prevention Program for Early Adolescents: The Me & You Randomized Controlled Trial, 2014-2015. Am J Public Health 2019; 109:1419-1428. [PMID: 31415194 PMCID: PMC6727296 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2019.305218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Objectives. To test the efficacy of Me & You, a multilevel technology-enhanced adolescent dating violence (DV) intervention, in reducing DV perpetration and victimization among ethnic-minority early adolescent youths. We assessed secondary impact for specific DV types and psychosocial outcomes.Methods. We conducted a group-randomized controlled trial of 10 middle schools from a large urban school district in Southeast Texas in 2014 to 2015. We used multilevel regression modeling; the final analytic sample comprised 709 sixth-grade students followed for 1 year.Results. Among the total sample, odds of DV perpetration were lower among intervention students than among control students (adjusted odds ratio = 0.46; 95% confidence interval = 0.28, 0.74). Odds of DV victimization were not significantly different. There were significant effects on some specific DV types.Conclusions. Me & You is effective in reducing DV perpetration and decreasing some forms of DV victimization in early middle-school ethnic-minority students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa F Peskin
- At the time of the study, Melissa F. Peskin, Christine M. Markham, Ross Shegog, Elizabeth R. Baumler, Robert C. Addy, Belinda Hernandez, Paula M. Cuccaro, Melanie A. Thiel, Efrat K. Gabay, and Susan R. Tortolero Emery were with the Center for Health Promotion and Prevention Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) School of Public Health, Houston. Jeff R. Temple is with the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston
| | - Christine M Markham
- At the time of the study, Melissa F. Peskin, Christine M. Markham, Ross Shegog, Elizabeth R. Baumler, Robert C. Addy, Belinda Hernandez, Paula M. Cuccaro, Melanie A. Thiel, Efrat K. Gabay, and Susan R. Tortolero Emery were with the Center for Health Promotion and Prevention Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) School of Public Health, Houston. Jeff R. Temple is with the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston
| | - Ross Shegog
- At the time of the study, Melissa F. Peskin, Christine M. Markham, Ross Shegog, Elizabeth R. Baumler, Robert C. Addy, Belinda Hernandez, Paula M. Cuccaro, Melanie A. Thiel, Efrat K. Gabay, and Susan R. Tortolero Emery were with the Center for Health Promotion and Prevention Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) School of Public Health, Houston. Jeff R. Temple is with the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston
| | - Elizabeth R Baumler
- At the time of the study, Melissa F. Peskin, Christine M. Markham, Ross Shegog, Elizabeth R. Baumler, Robert C. Addy, Belinda Hernandez, Paula M. Cuccaro, Melanie A. Thiel, Efrat K. Gabay, and Susan R. Tortolero Emery were with the Center for Health Promotion and Prevention Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) School of Public Health, Houston. Jeff R. Temple is with the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston
| | - Robert C Addy
- At the time of the study, Melissa F. Peskin, Christine M. Markham, Ross Shegog, Elizabeth R. Baumler, Robert C. Addy, Belinda Hernandez, Paula M. Cuccaro, Melanie A. Thiel, Efrat K. Gabay, and Susan R. Tortolero Emery were with the Center for Health Promotion and Prevention Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) School of Public Health, Houston. Jeff R. Temple is with the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston
| | - Jeff R Temple
- At the time of the study, Melissa F. Peskin, Christine M. Markham, Ross Shegog, Elizabeth R. Baumler, Robert C. Addy, Belinda Hernandez, Paula M. Cuccaro, Melanie A. Thiel, Efrat K. Gabay, and Susan R. Tortolero Emery were with the Center for Health Promotion and Prevention Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) School of Public Health, Houston. Jeff R. Temple is with the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston
| | - Belinda Hernandez
- At the time of the study, Melissa F. Peskin, Christine M. Markham, Ross Shegog, Elizabeth R. Baumler, Robert C. Addy, Belinda Hernandez, Paula M. Cuccaro, Melanie A. Thiel, Efrat K. Gabay, and Susan R. Tortolero Emery were with the Center for Health Promotion and Prevention Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) School of Public Health, Houston. Jeff R. Temple is with the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston
| | - Paula M Cuccaro
- At the time of the study, Melissa F. Peskin, Christine M. Markham, Ross Shegog, Elizabeth R. Baumler, Robert C. Addy, Belinda Hernandez, Paula M. Cuccaro, Melanie A. Thiel, Efrat K. Gabay, and Susan R. Tortolero Emery were with the Center for Health Promotion and Prevention Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) School of Public Health, Houston. Jeff R. Temple is with the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston
| | - Melanie A Thiel
- At the time of the study, Melissa F. Peskin, Christine M. Markham, Ross Shegog, Elizabeth R. Baumler, Robert C. Addy, Belinda Hernandez, Paula M. Cuccaro, Melanie A. Thiel, Efrat K. Gabay, and Susan R. Tortolero Emery were with the Center for Health Promotion and Prevention Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) School of Public Health, Houston. Jeff R. Temple is with the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston
| | - Efrat K Gabay
- At the time of the study, Melissa F. Peskin, Christine M. Markham, Ross Shegog, Elizabeth R. Baumler, Robert C. Addy, Belinda Hernandez, Paula M. Cuccaro, Melanie A. Thiel, Efrat K. Gabay, and Susan R. Tortolero Emery were with the Center for Health Promotion and Prevention Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) School of Public Health, Houston. Jeff R. Temple is with the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston
| | - Susan R Tortolero Emery
- At the time of the study, Melissa F. Peskin, Christine M. Markham, Ross Shegog, Elizabeth R. Baumler, Robert C. Addy, Belinda Hernandez, Paula M. Cuccaro, Melanie A. Thiel, Efrat K. Gabay, and Susan R. Tortolero Emery were with the Center for Health Promotion and Prevention Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) School of Public Health, Houston. Jeff R. Temple is with the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston
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Ning P, Cheng P, Schwebel DC, Yang Y, Yu R, Deng J, Li S, Hu G. An App-Based Intervention for Caregivers to Prevent Unintentional Injury Among Preschoolers: Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2019; 7:e13519. [PMID: 31400105 PMCID: PMC6713040 DOI: 10.2196/13519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background App-based interventions have the potential to reduce child injury in countries with limited prevention resources, but their effectiveness has not been rigorously examined. Objective This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of an app-based intervention for caregivers of preschoolers to prevent unintentional injury among Chinese preschoolers. Methods A 6-month cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted from December 2017 to June 2018. Recruitment was conducted through preschools, which were randomly allocated to either the control group (ie, app-based parenting education excluding unintentional injury prevention) or the intervention group (ie, app-based parenting education including unintentional injury prevention). A total of 2920 caregivers of preschoolers aged 3-6 years from 20 preschools in Changsha, China, were recruited offline through the schools. The primary outcome was unintentional injury incidences among preschoolers in the past 3 months; this measure was assessed through an online caregiver-report at the baseline visit and at 3-month and 6-month follow-up visits. Secondary outcome measures included caregivers’ self-reported attitudes and behaviors concerning child supervision during the last week. Generalized estimating equations (GEEs) were used to assess the effectiveness of the app-based intervention on responses at 3 and 6 months after adjusting for sociodemographic variables, baseline level of the outcome variable, and engagement with interventions in the assigned group. All analyses were intention-to-treat. A per-protocol sensitivity analysis was also conducted. Results In total, 1980 of the 2920 caregivers completed the study. The mean age of participants was 32.0 years (SD 5.5) and 68.99% (1366/1980) of them were female. During the 6-month follow-up visit, unintentional injury incidence did not change significantly in either group: incidence in the intervention group went from 8.76% (94/1073) to 8.11% (87/1073), P=.59; incidence in the control group went from 9.4% (85/907) to 7.5% (69/907), P=.15. The changes did not differ between the groups (odds ratio [OR] 1.14, 95% CI 0.80-1.62). Changes in the average score in attitude concerning unintentional injury prevention were also similar between the groups (B .05, 95% CI -0.03 to 0.13). Changes in unintentional injury prevention behaviors were greater in the intervention group than in the control group after the intervention (B .87, 95% CI 0.33-1.42). Analyses of individual injury prevention behaviors showed that the intervention reduced three risky behaviors: unsafe feeding of children (OR 0.73, 95% CI 0.60-0.89); incorrectly placing children in cars (OR 0.73, 95% CI 0.57-0.93); and allowing children to ride bicycles, electric bicycles, or motorcycles unsupervised (OR 0.80, 95% CI 0.64-0.99). The intervention also improved scores on three safety-focused behaviors: testing water temperature before giving children a bath (OR 1.26, 95% CI 1.05-1.52); properly storing sharp objects (OR 1.24, 95% CI 1.01-1.52); and safely storing medicines, detergents, and pesticides (OR 1.24, 95% CI 1.02-1.51). Conclusions The app-based intervention did not reduce unintentional injury incidence among preschoolers but significantly improved caregivers’ safety behaviors. This app-based intervention approach to improve caregiver behaviors surrounding child injury risk offers promise to be modified and ultimately disseminated broadly. Trial Registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR-IOR-17010438; http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=17376 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/75jt17X84) International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) RR2-10.1186/s12889-018-5790-1
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Affiliation(s)
- Peishan Ning
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Peixia Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - David C Schwebel
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health and Health Professions, Emerging Pathogen Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Renhe Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Deng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shukun Li
- Information and Network Center, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guoqing Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
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17
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Ning P, Gao D, Cheng P, Schwebel DC, Wei X, Tan L, Xiao W, He J, Fu Y, Chen B, Yang Y, Deng J, Wu Y, Yu R, Li S, Hu G. Needs Analysis for a Parenting App to Prevent Unintentional Injury in Newborn Babies and Toddlers: Focus Group and Survey Study Among Chinese Caregivers. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2019; 7:e11957. [PMID: 31038465 PMCID: PMC6658302 DOI: 10.2196/11957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background With the growing popularity of mobile health technology, app-based interventions delivered by smartphone have become an increasingly important strategy toward injury prevention. Objective This study aimed to develop a framework supporting the design of an app-based intervention to prevent unintentional injury, targeted for caregivers of Chinese children aged 0 to 6 years. Methods A theory-based mixed-method study, including focus groups and Web-based quantitative survey, was performed. Adult caregivers who care for children aged 0 to 6 years and own a smartphone were recruited into 2 sequential stages of research. First, focus groups were conducted among the caregivers at community health care centers and preschools from December 2015 to March 2016. Focus groups (8-10 participants per group) explored awareness, experiences, and opinions of caregivers toward using an app to prevent unintentional injury among children. Second, based on the focus groups findings, a Web-based quantitative survey was designed and distributed to caregivers in November 2016; it collected information on specific needs for the app-based intervention. Thematic analysis and quantitative descriptive analyses were performed. Results In total, 12 focus groups were completed, involving 108 caregivers. Most participants expressed a strong desire to learn knowledge and skills about unintentional child injury prevention and held positive attitudes toward app-based interventions. Participants expressed multiple preferences concerning the app-based intervention, including their contents, functions, interactive styles, installation and registration logistics, and privacy protection and information security. Following the focus groups, 1505 caregivers completed a WeChat-based quantitative survey, which generated roughly similar results to those of focus groups and added numerical metrics concerning participants’ preferences on what to learn, when to learn it, and how to learn it. A detailed framework was established involving 5 components: (1) content design, (2) functional design, (3) interactive style, (4) installation and registration logistics, and (5) privacy protection and information security, and 15 specific requirements. Conclusions We developed a framework that can be used as a guide to design app-based interventions for parents and caregivers, specifically for unintentional injury prevention of children aged 0 to 6 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peishan Ning
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Deyue Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Peixia Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - David C Schwebel
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Xiang Wei
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liheng Tan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wangxin Xiao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jieyi He
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yanhong Fu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Jing Deng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yue Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Renhe Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shukun Li
- Information and Network Center, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guoqing Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Roberts KJ, McAdams RJ, Kristel OV, Szymanski AM, McKenzie LB. Qualitative and Quantitative Evaluation of the Make Safe Happen App: Mobile Technology-Based Safety Behavior Change Intervention for Parents. JMIR Pediatr Parent 2019; 2:e12022. [PMID: 31518322 PMCID: PMC6715056 DOI: 10.2196/12022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nearly half of the unintentional injuries in children happen in and around the home; many of these injuries are preventable. Providing parents and caregivers with proper injury prevention information that is easily accessible may help them make their homes safer for children. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate parental injury prevention awareness and home safety behaviors, motivations for and challenges to taking injury prevention and safety actions for parents as well as user experience following the use of the Make Safe Happen mobile app. METHODS A total of 40 parents with children aged 0-12 years living in Columbus, Ohio, participated in 1 of 5 focus group discussions following the completion of (1) a pretest survey, (2) use of the Make Safe Happen app, and (3) a posttest survey. RESULTS Following the use of the Make Safe Happen app, parents reported a significant increase in injury prevention awareness and completed 45% more home safety behaviors in and around their homes. Nearly all of the parents felt the app provided them with the information needed to make their home safer for their children; the great majority of parents intended to make such changes in the future. CONCLUSIONS The combination of qualitative and quantitative data collection allowed for rich data capture and provided a deeper understanding of parents' safety knowledge, behaviors, app use, and decision making regarding child injury prevention in and around the home. The Make Safe Happen app provides the information and motivation parents and caregivers need to help them take steps to prevent child injuries that may occur in and around their homes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin J Roberts
- Center for Injury Research and Policy, The Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Rebecca J McAdams
- Center for Injury Research and Policy, The Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
| | | | | | - Lara B McKenzie
- Center for Injury Research and Policy, The Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.,Division of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
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Ning P, Chen B, Cheng P, Yang Y, Schwebel DC, Yu R, Deng J, Li S, Hu G. Effectiveness of an app-based intervention for unintentional injury among caregivers of preschoolers: protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial. BMC Public Health 2018; 18:865. [PMID: 29996813 PMCID: PMC6042388 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-5790-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Each year, over 15,000 preschoolers die from unintentional injuries in China. Many interventions proven to work in other nations have not been implemented nationwide in China. The rapid popularity of smartphones offers an opportunity to overcome this limitation and disseminate evidence-based interventions to the large population of China. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of an app-based intervention for caregivers of preschoolers to prevent unintentional injury among young Chinese children. Method A single-blinded, 6-month, parallel-group cluster randomized controlled trial with 1:1 allocation ratio will be conducted in Changsha, China. In total, 2626 caregivers of preschoolers ages 3–6 years old who own a smartphone will be recruited from 20 preschools. Clusters will be randomized at the preschool level and allocated to either the control group (routine education plus app-based parenting education excluding unintentional injury prevention) or the intervention group (routine education plus app-based parenting education including unintentional injury prevention). The app-based injury prevention program was developed based on the Theory of Planned Behavior, the Haddon Matrix, the Mobile Learning framework, and a needs assessment. Data collection will be conducted at baseline, 3-month, and 6-month follow-up via app-based survey plus printed questionnaire survey. The primary outcome measure is unintentional injury incidence among preschoolers in the past 3 months. Secondary outcome measures include economic losses due to unintentional injury in the past 3 months, the Incremental Cost-Effectiveness Ratios (ICERs), and parent’s attitudes and behaviors concerning supervision to prevent preschooler unintentional injury in the past week. An intention-to-treat approach will be used to evaluate outcome measures. Chi-square tests will examine differences for outcome measures between groups at each time point and generalized estimation equations (GEE) will test the overall effectiveness of the app-based intervention. Missing outcome data will be imputed using the Expectation Maximization algorithm (EM). Discussion This trial will examine evidence concerning the effectiveness of an innovative app-based intervention for caregivers of Chinese preschoolers. If effective, the app-based intervention could offer an effective population-based intervention option to cost-effectively promote unintentional injury prevention in countries and regions where injury control is under-supported. Trial registration ChiCTR-IOR-17010438. Registered 15 January 2017. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12889-018-5790-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peishan Ning
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Peixia Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - David C Schwebel
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Renhe Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Deng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Shukun Li
- Information and Network Center, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Guoqing Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.
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Gielen AC, Bishai DM, Omaki E, Shields WC, McDonald EM, Rizzutti NC, Case J, Stevens MW, Aitken ME. Results of an RCT in Two Pediatric Emergency Departments to Evaluate the Efficacy of an m-Health Educational App on Car Seat Use. Am J Prev Med 2018; 54:746-755. [PMID: 29656914 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2018.01.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The growing interest in incorporating prevention into emergency health care make it timely to examine the use of computer technology to efficiently deliver effective education in this setting. STUDY DESIGN This RCT compared results from an intervention group (n=367) that received child passenger safety information, to an attention-matched control (n=375). A baseline survey and two follow-up surveys at 3 and 6 months were conducted. SETTING/PARTICIPANTS Data were collected from June 2014 to September 2016 from a sample of parents with children aged 4-7 years recruited from a pediatric emergency department in an East Coast urban area and one in a Midwest semi-rural area. INTERVENTION A theory-based, stage-tailored educational program, Safety in Seconds v2.0TM, delivered on a mobile app. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Four car seat behaviors: (1) having the correct restraint for the child's age and weight; (2) having the child ride in the backseat all the time; (3) buckling up the child all the time; and (4) having the child's restraint inspected by a child passenger safety technician. RESULTS At 3 months, adjusting for baseline behaviors and attrition, the odds of reporting the correct behavior by the intervention group relative to the control group was 2.07 (p<0.01) for using the correct car seat; 2.37 (p<0.05) times for having the child ride in the back seat; 1.04 (nonsignificant) for riding buckled up all the time; and 1.99 (p<0.01) times for having the car seat inspected. At 6 months, there were statistically significant effects for reporting use of the correct car seat (OR=1.84, p<0.01) and having the car seat inspected (OR=1.73, p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS Mobile apps hold promise for reaching large populations with individually tailored child passenger safety education. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinical Trial Registration # NCT02345941.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea C Gielen
- Johns Hopkins Center for Injury Research and Policy, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.
| | - David M Bishai
- Johns Hopkins Center for Injury Research and Policy, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Elise Omaki
- Johns Hopkins Center for Injury Research and Policy, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Wendy C Shields
- Johns Hopkins Center for Injury Research and Policy, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Eileen M McDonald
- Johns Hopkins Center for Injury Research and Policy, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Nicholas C Rizzutti
- Johns Hopkins Center for Injury Research and Policy, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - James Case
- Johns Hopkins Center for Injury Research and Policy, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Molly W Stevens
- Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Mary E Aitken
- General Pediatrics, Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock, Arkansas
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21
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McKenzie LB, Roberts KJ, Clark R, McAdams R, Abdel-Rasoul M, Klein EG, Keim SA, Kristel O, Szymanski A, Cotton CG, Shields WC. A randomized controlled trial to evaluate the Make Safe Happen® app-a mobile technology-based safety behavior change intervention for increasing parents' safety knowledge and actions. Inj Epidemiol 2018. [PMID: 29527644 PMCID: PMC5845911 DOI: 10.1186/s40621-018-0133-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Many unintentional injuries that occur in and around the home can be prevented through the use of safety equipment and by consistently following existing safety recommendations. Unfortunately, uptake of these safety behaviors is unacceptably low. This paper describes the design of the Make Safe Happen® smartphone application evaluation study, which aims to evaluate a mobile technology-based safety behavior change intervention on parents’ safety knowledge and actions. Methods Make Safe Happen® app evaluation study is a randomized controlled trial. Participants will be parents of children aged 0–12 years who are recruited from national consumer online survey panels. Parents will complete a pretest survey, and will be randomized to receive the Make Safe Happen® app or a non-injury-related app, and then complete a posttest follow-up survey after 1 week. Primary outcomes are: (1) safety knowledge; (2) safety behaviors; (3) safety device acquisition and use, and (4) behavioral intention to take safety actions. Results Anticipated study results are presented. Conclusions Wide-reaching interventions, to reach substantial parent and caregiver audiences, to effectively reduce childhood injuries are needed. This study will contribute to the evidence-base about how to increase safety knowledge and actions to prevent home-related injuries in children. Trial registration number NCT02751203; Pre-results. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s40621-018-0133-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara B McKenzie
- Center for Injury Research and Policy, Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Research Building 3, WB5409, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA. .,College of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Kristin J Roberts
- Center for Injury Research and Policy, Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Research Building 3, WB5409, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA
| | - Roxanne Clark
- Center for Injury Research and Policy, Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Research Building 3, WB5409, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA
| | - Rebecca McAdams
- Center for Injury Research and Policy, Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Research Building 3, WB5409, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA
| | | | - Elizabeth G Klein
- College of Public Health, Division of Health Behavior and Health Promotion, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Sarah A Keim
- College of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Center for Biobehavioral Health, Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | | | | | - Wendy C Shields
- Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
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22
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Weaver NL, Weaver TL, Nicks SE, Jupka KA, Sallee H, Jacobsen H, Henley W, Jaques M. Developing tailored positive parenting messages for a clinic-based communication programme. Child Care Health Dev 2017; 43:289-297. [PMID: 27781327 DOI: 10.1111/cch.12418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health care providers fill a central role in the prevention of both child abuse and neglect (CA/N) and unintentional childhood injury. Health communication interventions hold promise for promoting attitudes and behaviours among parents that increase positive parenting practices, which may be linked to decreased rates of intentional and unintentional childhood injuries. This manuscript describes the development of 'RISE Up', an ambulatory clinic-based childhood injury prevention programme that provides tailored, injury prevention print materials to parents of children ages 0-5. METHODS Fifteen semi-structured key informant interviews were conducted with clinic healthcare providers and staff to develop communication strategies and materials for caregivers. Cognitive response testing was then conducted with 20 caregivers of the priority population to assess all materials. Interviews were recorded, transcribed and analyzed using thematic coding methods. RESULTS Formative research revealed that health care providers and caregivers were very responsive to messages and materials. Health care providers reported that abuse and neglect were particularly relevant to their patients and noted several benefits to implementing the RISE Up programme in a health care setting. Caregivers generally found messages on reducing the risks of injuries, as well as the graphics displayed in the RISE Up programme to be helpful. CONCLUSIONS Addressing the common determinants of both intentional and unintentional childhood injury through customized print materials may be a useful component of comprehensive prevention efforts to address childhood injury risk with greater impact. Providers and parents responded favourably to this communication strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- N L Weaver
- Department of Behavioral Science and Health Education, College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - T L Weaver
- Department of Psychology, Saint Louis University, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - S E Nicks
- Department of Social and Public Health College of Health Sciences and Professions, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - K A Jupka
- Department of Behavioral Science and Health Education, College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - H Sallee
- Department of Pediatrics, SSM Cardinal Glennon Children's Medical Center, Saint Louis University, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - H Jacobsen
- ClearApple Health Writing, Belleville, IL, USA
| | - W Henley
- University of Wisconsin-Whitewater, Whitewater, WI, USA
| | - M Jaques
- Department of Psychology, Saint Louis University, St Louis, MO, USA
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23
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Chow CB, Wong WHS, Leung WC, Tang MHY, Chan KL, Or CK, Li TM, Ho FKW, Lo D, Ip P. Effectiveness of a Technology-Based Injury Prevention Program for Enhancing Mothers' Knowledge of Child Safety: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Res Protoc 2016; 5:e205. [PMID: 27799138 PMCID: PMC5108924 DOI: 10.2196/resprot.6216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Revised: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Provision of anticipatory guidance for parents is recommended as an effective strategy to prevent injuries among young children. Technology-based anticipatory guidance has been suggested to reinforce the effectiveness of injury prevention and improve parents' knowledge of child safety. OBJECTIVE This study aims to examine the effectiveness of a technology-based injury prevention program with parental anticipatory guidance for enhancing mothers' knowledge of child safety. METHODS In this randomized controlled trial, 308 mothers will be recruited from the antenatal clinics and postnatal wards of two major public hospitals in Hong Kong. Participating mothers will be randomly assigned into intervention and control groups. Mothers in the intervention group will be given free access to a technology-based injury prevention program with anticipatory guidance, whereas mothers in the control group will be given a relevant booklet on parenting. The injury prevention program, available as a website or on a mobile app, includes behavioral components based on the Theory of Planned Behavior. The primary outcome measure will be the change in the mother's knowledge of child safety. The secondary outcome measures will be age-appropriate domestic safety knowledge, attitudes, intentions, perceived behavioral control, and self-reported behavior related to home safety practice. We will also determine dose-response relationships between the outcome measures and the website and mobile app usage. RESULTS Enrolment of participants will begin in October 2016. Results are expected by June 2018. CONCLUSIONS Parents will be able to easily access the domestic injury prevention website to find information regarding child injury prevention. It is anticipated that the technology-based intervention will help parents improve their knowledge of child safety and raise their awareness about the consequences of domestic injuries and the importance of prevention. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinicaltrials.gov Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02835768; http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02835768 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation/6lbXYM6b9).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Bong Chow
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wilfred Hing-Sang Wong
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wing Cheong Leung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Kwong Wah Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mary Hoi-Yin Tang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ko Ling Chan
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Calvin Kl Or
- Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tim Mh Li
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Frederick Ka Wing Ho
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Daniel Lo
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Patrick Ip
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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