1
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Patiño-Escobar B, Talbot A, Wiita AP. Overcoming proteasome inhibitor resistance in the immunotherapy era. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2023; 44:507-518. [PMID: 37344251 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2023.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Proteasome inhibitors (PIs) are a fascinating class of small molecules that disrupt protein homeostasis and are highly efficacious in the blood cancer multiple myeloma. However, PIs are not curative, and overcoming PI resistance to extend patient survival remains a major unmet need. Recent strategies to overcome PI resistance, including inhibiting alternative protein homeostasis pathways and targeting the mitochondrion as a nexus of metabolic adaptation to PIs, are gaining momentum. However, these focused approaches may be surpassed or even obviated by quickly emerging immunotherapy strategies that do not selectively target PI resistance mechanisms but are highly efficacious in PI-resistant disease, nonetheless. Informed by insights from these promising areas of research moving in parallel, we propose that pharmacological strategies to enforce immunotherapeutic vulnerabilities in resistant disease may provide a unified outlook to overcome PI resistance in a 'new era' of myeloma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonell Patiño-Escobar
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Alexis Talbot
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; INSERM U976, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Arun P Wiita
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Chan Zuckerberg Biohub San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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2
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Kropivsek K, Kachel P, Goetze S, Wegmann R, Festl Y, Severin Y, Hale BD, Mena J, van Drogen A, Dietliker N, Tchinda J, Wollscheid B, Manz MG, Snijder B. Ex vivo drug response heterogeneity reveals personalized therapeutic strategies for patients with multiple myeloma. NATURE CANCER 2023; 4:734-753. [PMID: 37081258 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-023-00544-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell malignancy defined by complex genetics and extensive patient heterogeneity. Despite a growing arsenal of approved therapies, MM remains incurable and in need of guidelines to identify effective personalized treatments. Here, we survey the ex vivo drug and immunotherapy sensitivities across 101 bone marrow samples from 70 patients with MM using multiplexed immunofluorescence, automated microscopy and deep-learning-based single-cell phenotyping. Combined with sample-matched genetics, proteotyping and cytokine profiling, we map the molecular regulatory network of drug sensitivity, implicating the DNA repair pathway and EYA3 expression in proteasome inhibitor sensitivity and major histocompatibility complex class II expression in the response to elotuzumab. Globally, ex vivo drug sensitivity associated with bone marrow microenvironmental signatures reflecting treatment stage, clonality and inflammation. Furthermore, ex vivo drug sensitivity significantly stratified clinical treatment responses, including to immunotherapy. Taken together, our study provides molecular and actionable insights into diverse treatment strategies for patients with MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klara Kropivsek
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Paul Kachel
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sandra Goetze
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Swiss Multi-Omics Center, PHRT-CPAC, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Rebekka Wegmann
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yasmin Festl
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yannik Severin
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin D Hale
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Julien Mena
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Audrey van Drogen
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Swiss Multi-Omics Center, PHRT-CPAC, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nadja Dietliker
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Joëlle Tchinda
- Pediatric Oncology, Children's Research Centre, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bernd Wollscheid
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Swiss Multi-Omics Center, PHRT-CPAC, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Markus G Manz
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Zurich (CCCZ), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Berend Snijder
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland.
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Zurich (CCCZ), Zurich, Switzerland.
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3
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Bashiri H, Tabatabaeian H. Autophagy: A Potential Therapeutic Target to Tackle Drug Resistance in Multiple Myeloma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076019. [PMID: 37046991 PMCID: PMC10094562 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most prevalent hematologic malignancy. In the past few years, the survival of MM patients has increased due to the emergence of novel drugs and combination therapies. Nevertheless, one of the significant obstacles in treating most MM patients is drug resistance, especially for individuals who have experienced relapses or developed resistance to such cutting-edge treatments. One of the critical processes in developing drug resistance in MM is autophagic activity, an intracellular self-digestive process. Several possible strategies of autophagy involvement in the induction of MM-drug resistance have been demonstrated thus far. In multiple myeloma, it has been shown that High mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1)-dependent autophagy can contribute to drug resistance. Moreover, activation of autophagy via proteasome suppression induces drug resistance. Additionally, the effectiveness of clarithromycin as a supplemental drug in treating MM has been reported recently, in which autophagy blockage is proposed as one of the potential action mechanisms of CAM. Thus, a promising therapeutic approach that targets autophagy to trigger the death of MM cells and improve drug susceptibility could be considered. In this review, autophagy has been addressed as a survival strategy crucial for drug resistance in MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Bashiri
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency of Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138673, Singapore
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
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4
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Review on Bortezomib Resistance in Multiple Myeloma and Potential Role of Emerging Technologies. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16010111. [PMID: 36678608 PMCID: PMC9864669 DOI: 10.3390/ph16010111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma is a hematological cancer type. For its treatment, Bortezomib has been widely used. However, drug resistance to this effective chemotherapeutic has been developed for various reasons. 2D cell cultures and animal models have failed to understand the MM disease and Bortezomib resistance. It is therefore essential to utilize new technologies to reveal a complete molecular profile of the disease. In this review, we in-depth examined the possible molecular mechanisms that cause Bortezomib resistance and specifically addressed MM and Bortezomib resistance. Moreover, we also included the use of nanoparticles, 3D culture methods, microfluidics, and organ-on-chip devices in multiple myeloma. We also discussed whether the emerging technology offers the necessary tools to understand and prevent Bortezomib resistance in multiple myeloma. Despite the ongoing research activities on MM, the related studies cannot provide a complete summary of MM. Nanoparticle and 3D culturing have been frequently used to understand MM disease and Bortezomib resistance. However, the number of microfluidic devices for this application is insufficient. By combining siRNA/miRNA technologies with microfluidic devices, a complete molecular genetic profile of MM disease could be revealed. Microfluidic chips should be used clinically in personal therapy and point-of-care applications. At least with Bortezomib microneedles, it could be ensured that MM patients can go through the treatment process more painlessly. This way, MM can be switched to the curable cancer type list, and Bortezomib can be targeted for its treatment with fewer side effects.
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5
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Al-Odat OS, Guirguis DA, Schmalbach NK, Yao G, Budak-Alpdogan T, Jonnalagadda SC, Pandey MK. Autophagy and Apoptosis: Current Challenges of Treatment and Drug Resistance in Multiple Myeloma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010644. [PMID: 36614089 PMCID: PMC9820338 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past two decades, the natural history of multiple myeloma (MM) has evolved dramatically, owing primarily to novel agents targeting MM in the bone marrow microenvironment (BMM) pathways. However, the mechanisms of resistance acquisition remain a mystery and are poorly understood. Autophagy and apoptosis are tightly controlled processes and play a critical role in the cell growth, development, and survival of MM. Genetic instability and abnormalities are two hallmarks of MM. During MM progression, plasma malignant cells become genetically unstable and activate various signaling pathways, resulting in the overexpression of abnormal proteins that disrupt autophagy and apoptosis biological processes. Thus, achieving a better understanding of the autophagy and apoptosis processes and the proteins that crosslinked both pathways, could provide new insights for the MM treatment and improve the development of novel therapeutic strategies to overcome resistance. This review presents a sufficient overview of the roles of autophagy and apoptosis and how they crosslink and control MM progression and drug resistance. Potential combination targeting of both pathways for improving outcomes in MM patients also has been addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar S. Al-Odat
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ 08103, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA
| | - Daniel A. Guirguis
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ 08103, USA
| | - Nicole K. Schmalbach
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ 08103, USA
| | - Gabriella Yao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ 08103, USA
| | | | | | - Manoj K. Pandey
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ 08103, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-856-956-2751
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6
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LncRNA MEG3 promotes the sensitivity of bortezomib by inhibiting autophagy in multiple myeloma. Leuk Res 2022; 123:106967. [DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2022.106967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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7
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Watson J, Ferguson HR, Brady RM, Ferguson J, Fullwood P, Mo H, Bexley KH, Knight D, Howell G, Schwartz JM, Smith MP, Francavilla C. Spatially resolved phosphoproteomics reveals fibroblast growth factor receptor recycling-driven regulation of autophagy and survival. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6589. [PMID: 36329028 DOI: 10.1101/2021.01.17.427038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Receptor Tyrosine Kinase (RTK) endocytosis-dependent signalling drives cell proliferation and motility during development and adult homeostasis, but is dysregulated in diseases, including cancer. The recruitment of RTK signalling partners during endocytosis, specifically during recycling to the plasma membrane, is still unknown. Focusing on Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 2b (FGFR2b) recycling, we reveal FGFR signalling partners proximal to recycling endosomes by developing a Spatially Resolved Phosphoproteomics (SRP) approach based on APEX2-driven biotinylation followed by phosphorylated peptides enrichment. Combining this with traditional phosphoproteomics, bioinformatics, and targeted assays, we uncover that FGFR2b stimulated by its recycling ligand FGF10 activates mTOR-dependent signalling and ULK1 at the recycling endosomes, leading to autophagy suppression and cell survival. This adds to the growing importance of RTK recycling in orchestrating cell fate and suggests a therapeutically targetable vulnerability in ligand-responsive cancer cells. Integrating SRP with other systems biology approaches provides a powerful tool to spatially resolve cellular signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Watson
- Division of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Science, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health (FBMH), The University of Manchester, M139PT, Manchester, UK
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Function, School of Biological Science, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health (FBMH), The University of Manchester, M139PT, Manchester, UK
| | - Harriet R Ferguson
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Function, School of Biological Science, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health (FBMH), The University of Manchester, M139PT, Manchester, UK
| | - Rosie M Brady
- Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Science, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health (FBMH), The University of Manchester, Manchester, M20 4GJ, UK
| | - Jennifer Ferguson
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Function, School of Biological Science, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health (FBMH), The University of Manchester, M139PT, Manchester, UK
| | - Paul Fullwood
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Function, School of Biological Science, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health (FBMH), The University of Manchester, M139PT, Manchester, UK
| | - Hanyi Mo
- Division of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Science, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health (FBMH), The University of Manchester, M139PT, Manchester, UK
| | - Katherine H Bexley
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Function, School of Biological Science, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health (FBMH), The University of Manchester, M139PT, Manchester, UK
| | - David Knight
- Bio-MS Core Research Facility, FBMH, The University of Manchester, M139PT, Manchester, UK
| | - Gareth Howell
- Flow Cytometry Core Research Facility, FBMH, The University of Manchester, M139PT, Manchester, UK
| | - Jean-Marc Schwartz
- Division of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Science, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health (FBMH), The University of Manchester, M139PT, Manchester, UK
| | - Michael P Smith
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Function, School of Biological Science, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health (FBMH), The University of Manchester, M139PT, Manchester, UK.
| | - Chiara Francavilla
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Function, School of Biological Science, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health (FBMH), The University of Manchester, M139PT, Manchester, UK.
- Manchester Breast Centre, Manchester Cancer Research Centre, The University of Manchester, M139PT, Manchester, UK.
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8
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Gandhi M, Bakhai V, Trivedi J, Mishra A, De Andrés F, LLerena A, Sharma R, Nair S. Current perspectives on interethnic variability in multiple myeloma: Single cell technology, population pharmacogenetics and molecular signal transduction. Transl Oncol 2022; 25:101532. [PMID: 36103755 PMCID: PMC9478452 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This review discusses the emerging single cell technologies and applications in Multiple myeloma (MM), population pharmacogenetics of MM, resistance to chemotherapy, genetic determinants of drug-induced toxicity, molecular signal transduction. The role(s) of epigenetics and noncoding RNAs including microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) that influence the risk and severity of MM are also discussed. It is understood that ethnic component acts as a driver of variable response to chemotherapy in different sub-populations globally. This review augments our understanding of genetic variability in ‘myelomagenesis’ and drug-induced toxicity, myeloma microenvironment at the molecular and cellular level, and developing precision medicine strategies to combat this malignancy. The emerging single cell technologies hold great promise for enhancing our understanding of MM tumor heterogeneity and clonal diversity.
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an aggressive cancer characterised by malignancy of the plasma cells and a rising global incidence. The gold standard for optimum response is aggressive chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). However, majority of the patients are above 60 years and this presents the clinician with complications such as ineligibility for ASCT, frailty, drug-induced toxicity and differential/partial response to treatment. The latter is partly driven by heterogenous genotypes of the disease in different subpopulations. In this review, we discuss emerging single cell technologies and applications in MM, population pharmacogenetics of MM, resistance to chemotherapy, genetic determinants of drug-induced toxicity, molecular signal transduction, as well as the role(s) played by epigenetics and noncoding RNAs including microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) that influence the risk and severity of the disease. Taken together, our discussions further our understanding of genetic variability in ‘myelomagenesis’ and drug-induced toxicity, augment our understanding of the myeloma microenvironment at the molecular and cellular level and provide a basis for developing precision medicine strategies to combat this malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manav Gandhi
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, 6900 Lake Nona Blvd., Orlando, FL 32827, USA
| | - Viral Bakhai
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS University, V. L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (West), Mumbai 400056, India
| | - Jash Trivedi
- University of Mumbai, Santa Cruz, Mumbai 400055, India
| | - Adarsh Mishra
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS University, V. L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (West), Mumbai 400056, India
| | - Fernando De Andrés
- INUBE Extremadura Biosanitary Research Institute, Badajoz, Spain; Faculty of Medicine, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain; CICAB Clinical Research Center, Pharmacogenetics and Personalized Medicine Unit, Badajoz University Hospital, Extremadura Health Service, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Adrián LLerena
- INUBE Extremadura Biosanitary Research Institute, Badajoz, Spain; Faculty of Medicine, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain; CICAB Clinical Research Center, Pharmacogenetics and Personalized Medicine Unit, Badajoz University Hospital, Extremadura Health Service, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Rohit Sharma
- Department of Rasa Shastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India.
| | - Sujit Nair
- University of Mumbai, Santa Cruz, Mumbai 400055, India.
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9
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Solimando AG, Malerba E, Leone P, Prete M, Terragna C, Cavo M, Racanelli V. Drug resistance in multiple myeloma: Soldiers and weapons in the bone marrow niche. Front Oncol 2022; 12:973836. [PMID: 36212502 PMCID: PMC9533079 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.973836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is still an incurable disease, despite considerable improvements in treatment strategies, as resistance to most currently available agents is not uncommon. In this study, data on drug resistance in MM were analyzed and led to the following conclusions: resistance occurs via intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms, including intraclonal heterogeneity, drug efflux pumps, alterations of drug targets, the inhibition of apoptosis, increased DNA repair and interactions with the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment, cell adhesion, and the release of soluble factors. Since MM involves the BM, interactions in the MM-BM microenvironment were examined as well, with a focus on the cross-talk between BM stromal cells (BMSCs), adipocytes, osteoclasts, osteoblasts, endothelial cells, and immune cells. Given the complex mechanisms that drive MM, next-generation treatment strategies that avoid drug resistance must target both the neoplastic clone and its non-malignant environment. Possible approaches based on recent evidence include: (i) proteasome and histone deacetylases inhibitors that not only target MM but also act on BMSCs and osteoclasts; (ii) novel peptide drug conjugates that target both the MM malignant clone and angiogenesis to unleash an effective anti-MM immune response. Finally, the role of cancer stem cells in MM is unknown but given their roles in the development of solid and hematological malignancies, cancer relapse, and drug resistance, their identification and description are of paramount importance for MM management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Giovanni Solimando
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, School of Medicine, ‘Aldo Moro’ University of Bari, Bari, Italy
- Istituto di ricovero e cura a carattere scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Tumori ‘Giovanni Paolo II’ of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Eleonora Malerba
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, School of Medicine, ‘Aldo Moro’ University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Patrizia Leone
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, School of Medicine, ‘Aldo Moro’ University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Marcella Prete
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, School of Medicine, ‘Aldo Moro’ University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Carolina Terragna
- ’Seràgnoli’ Institute of Hematology, Bologna University School of Medicine, Bologna, Italy
| | - Michele Cavo
- ’Seràgnoli’ Institute of Hematology, Bologna University School of Medicine, Bologna, Italy
| | - Vito Racanelli
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, School of Medicine, ‘Aldo Moro’ University of Bari, Bari, Italy
- *Correspondence: Vito Racanelli,
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10
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Ferguson ID, Lin YHT, Lam C, Shao H, Tharp KM, Hale M, Kasap C, Mariano MC, Kishishita A, Patiño Escobar B, Mandal K, Steri V, Wang D, Phojanakong P, Tuomivaara ST, Hann B, Driessen C, Van Ness B, Gestwicki JE, Wiita AP. Allosteric HSP70 inhibitors perturb mitochondrial proteostasis and overcome proteasome inhibitor resistance in multiple myeloma. Cell Chem Biol 2022; 29:1288-1302.e7. [PMID: 35853457 PMCID: PMC9434701 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2022.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Proteasome inhibitor (PI) resistance remains a central challenge in multiple myeloma. To identify pathways mediating resistance, we first mapped proteasome-associated genetic co-dependencies. We identified heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) chaperones as potential targets, consistent with proposed mechanisms of myeloma cells overcoming PI-induced stress. We therefore explored allosteric HSP70 inhibitors (JG compounds) as myeloma therapeutics. JG compounds exhibited increased efficacy against acquired and intrinsic PI-resistant myeloma models, unlike HSP90 inhibition. Shotgun and pulsed SILAC mass spectrometry demonstrated that JGs unexpectedly impact myeloma proteostasis by destabilizing the 55S mitoribosome. Our data suggest JGs have the most pronounced anti-myeloma effect not through inhibiting cytosolic HSP70 proteins but instead through mitochondrial-localized HSP70, HSPA9/mortalin. Analysis of myeloma patient data further supports strong effects of global proteostasis capacity, and particularly HSPA9 expression, on PI response. Our results characterize myeloma proteostasis networks under therapeutic pressure while motivating further investigation of HSPA9 as a specific vulnerability in PI-resistant disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian D Ferguson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA
| | - Yu-Hsiu T Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA
| | - Christine Lam
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA
| | - Hao Shao
- Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Kevin M Tharp
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco CA 94143, USA
| | - Martina Hale
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA
| | - Corynn Kasap
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology or Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Margarette C Mariano
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA
| | - Audrey Kishishita
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA; Graduate Program in Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Bonell Patiño Escobar
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA
| | - Kamal Mandal
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA
| | - Veronica Steri
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Donghui Wang
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Paul Phojanakong
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Sami T Tuomivaara
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA
| | - Byron Hann
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Christoph Driessen
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Brian Van Ness
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology & Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Jason E Gestwicki
- Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Arun P Wiita
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA.
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11
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Zhu YX, Bruins LA, Chen X, Shi C, Bonolo De Campos C, Meurice N, Wang X, Ahmann GJ, Ramsower CA, Braggio E, Rimsza LM, Stewart AK. Transcriptional profiles define drug refractory disease in myeloma. EJHAEM 2022; 3:804-814. [PMID: 36051067 PMCID: PMC9422020 DOI: 10.1002/jha2.455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Identifying biomarkers associated with disease progression and drug resistance are important for personalized care. We investigated the expression of 121 curated genes, related to immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs) and proteasome inhibitors (PIs) responsiveness. We analyzed 28 human multiple myeloma (MM) cell lines with known drug sensitivities and 130 primary MM patient samples collected at different disease stages, including newly diagnosed (ND), on therapy (OT), and relapsed and refractory (RR, collected within 12 months before the patients' death) timepoints. Our findings led to the identification of a subset of genes linked to clinical drug resistance, poor survival, and disease progression following combination treatment containing IMIDs and/or PIs. Finally, we built a seven-gene model (MM-IMiD and PI sensitivity-7 genes [IP-7]) using digital gene expression profiling data that significantly separates ND patients from IMiD- and PI-refractory RR patients. Using this model, we retrospectively analyzed RNA sequcencing (RNAseq) data from the Mulltiple Myeloma Research Foundation (MMRF) CoMMpass (n = 578) and Mayo Clinic MM patient registry (n = 487) to divide patients into probabilities of responder and nonresponder, which subsequently correlated with overall survival, disease stage, and number of prior treatments. Our findings suggest that this model may be useful in predicting acquired resistance to treatments containing IMiDs and/or PIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Xiao Zhu
- Division of Hematology‐OncologyMayo ClinicPhoenixArizonaUSA
| | | | - Xianfeng Chen
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Science ResearchMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | - Chang‐Xin Shi
- Division of Hematology‐OncologyMayo ClinicPhoenixArizonaUSA
| | | | | | - Xuewei Wang
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Science ResearchMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | - Greg J. Ahmann
- Division of Hematology‐OncologyMayo ClinicPhoenixArizonaUSA
| | | | | | - Lisa M. Rimsza
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and PathologyMayo ClinicPhoenixArizonaUSA
| | - A. Keith Stewart
- Division of Medical Oncology and HematologyPrincess Margaret Cancer CentreTorontoOntarioCanada
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12
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Ferguson ID, Patiño-Escobar B, Tuomivaara ST, Lin YHT, Nix MA, Leung KK, Kasap C, Ramos E, Nieves Vasquez W, Talbot A, Hale M, Naik A, Kishishita A, Choudhry P, Lopez-Girona A, Miao W, Wong SW, Wolf JL, Martin TG, Shah N, Vandenberg S, Prakash S, Besse L, Driessen C, Posey AD, Mullins RD, Eyquem J, Wells JA, Wiita AP. The surfaceome of multiple myeloma cells suggests potential immunotherapeutic strategies and protein markers of drug resistance. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4121. [PMID: 35840578 PMCID: PMC9287322 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31810-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The myeloma surface proteome (surfaceome) determines tumor interaction with the microenvironment and serves as an emerging arena for therapeutic development. Here, we use glycoprotein capture proteomics to define the myeloma surfaceome at baseline, in drug resistance, and in response to acute drug treatment. We provide a scoring system for surface antigens and identify CCR10 as a promising target in this disease expressed widely on malignant plasma cells. We engineer proof-of-principle chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells targeting CCR10 using its natural ligand CCL27. In myeloma models we identify proteins that could serve as markers of resistance to bortezomib and lenalidomide, including CD53, CD10, EVI2B, and CD33. We find that acute lenalidomide treatment increases activity of MUC1-targeting CAR-T cells through antigen upregulation. Finally, we develop a miniaturized surface proteomic protocol for profiling primary plasma cell samples with low inputs. These approaches and datasets may contribute to the biological, therapeutic, and diagnostic understanding of myeloma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian D Ferguson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Cancer Biology Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Sami T Tuomivaara
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yu-Hsiu T Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Matthew A Nix
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kevin K Leung
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Corynn Kasap
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Emilio Ramos
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Wilson Nieves Vasquez
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Alexis Talbot
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- INSERM U976, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Martina Hale
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Akul Naik
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Audrey Kishishita
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Program in Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Priya Choudhry
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Weili Miao
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sandy W Wong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey L Wolf
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Thomas G Martin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Nina Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Scott Vandenberg
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sonam Prakash
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Lenka Besse
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Driessen
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Avery D Posey
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - R Dyche Mullins
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Justin Eyquem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Gladstone Institute for Genomic Immunology, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - James A Wells
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Arun P Wiita
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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13
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The Peptide–Drug Conjugate Melflufen Modulates the Unfolded Protein Response of Multiple Myeloma and Amyloidogenic Plasma Cells and Induces Cell Death. Hemasphere 2022; 6:e687. [PMID: 35243210 PMCID: PMC8884539 DOI: 10.1097/hs9.0000000000000687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunoglobulin light-chain (AL) amyloidosis is a rare disease caused by clonal plasma cell secretion of misfolded light chains that assemble as toxic amyloid fibrils, depositing in vital organs including the heart and kidneys, causing organ dysfunction. Plasma cell–directed therapeutics are expected to reduce production of toxic light chain by eliminating amyloidogenic cells in bone marrow, thereby diminishing amyloid fibril deposition and providing the potential for organ recovery. Melphalan flufenamide (melflufen) is a first-in-class peptide–drug conjugate that targets aminopeptidases and rapidly releases alkylating agents inside tumor cells. Melflufen is highly lipophilic, permitting rapid uptake by cells, where it is enzymatically hydrolyzed by aminopeptidases, resulting in intracellular accumulation of the alkylating agents, including melphalan. Previous data demonstrating sensitivity of myeloma cells to melflufen suggest that the drug might be useful in AL amyloidosis. We describe the effects of melflufen on amyloidogenic plasma cells in vitro and ex vivo, demonstrating enhanced cytotoxic effects in comparison to melphalan, as well as novel mechanisms of action through the unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway. These findings provide evidence that melflufen-mediated cytotoxicity extends to amyloidogenic plasma cells, and support the rationale for the evaluation of melflufen in patients with AL amyloidosis.
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Nobari ST, Nojadeh JN, Talebi M. B-cell maturation antigen targeting strategies in multiple myeloma treatment, advantages and disadvantages. J Transl Med 2022; 20:82. [PMID: 35144648 PMCID: PMC8832753 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03285-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
B cell maturation antigen (BCMA), a transmembrane glycoprotein member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily 17 (TNFRSF17), highly expressed on the plasma cells of Multiple myeloma (MM) patients, as well as the normal population. BCMA is used as a biomarker for MM. Two members of the TNF superfamily proteins, including B-cell activating factor (BAFF) and A proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL), are closely related to BCMA and play an important role in plasma cell survival and progression of MM. Despite the maximum specificity of the monoclonal antibody technologies, introducing the tumor-specific antigen(s) is not applicable for all malignancies, such as MM that there plenty of relatively specific antigens such as GPCR5D, MUC1, SLAMF7 and etc., but higher expression of BCMA on these cells in comparison with normal ones can be regarded as a relatively exclusive marker. Currently, different monoclonal antibody (mAb) technologies applied in anti-MM therapies such as daratuzumab, SAR650984, GSK2857916, and CAR-T cell therapies are some of these tools that are reviewed in the present manuscript. By the way, the structure, function, and signaling of the BCMA and related molecule(s) role in normal plasma cells and MM development, evaluated as well as the potential side effects of its targeting by different CAR-T cells generations. In conclusion, BCMA can be regarded as an ideal molecule to be targeted in immunotherapeutic methods, regarding lower potential systemic and local side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Teymouri Nobari
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Jafar Nouri Nojadeh
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Talebi
- Department of Applied Cells Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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15
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The Role of Chaperone-Mediated Autophagy in Bortezomib Resistant Multiple Myeloma. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123464. [PMID: 34943972 PMCID: PMC8700264 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) remains incurable despite high-dose chemotherapy, autologous stem cell transplants and novel agents. Even with the improved survival of MM patients treated with novel agents, including bortezomib (Bz), the therapeutic options in relapsed/refractory MM remain limited. The majority of MM patients eventually develop resistance to Bz, although the mechanisms of the resistance are poorly understood. Methods: Lysosomal associated membrane protein 2A (LAMP2A) mRNA and protein expression levels were assessed in ex vivo patient samples and a Bz-resistant MM cell line model by in real-rime PCR, western blotting and immunohistochemistry. In vitro modelling of chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) activity in response to ER stress were assessed by western blotting and confocal microscopy. The effects of CMA inhibition on MM cell viability and Bz sensitivity in MM cells were assessed by Annexin V/7AAD apoptosis assays using flow cytometry. Results: In this study, there is evidence that CMA, a chaperone-mediated protein degradation pathway, is upregulated in Bz-resistant MM and the inhibition of CMA sensitises resistant cells to Bz. The protein levels of LAMP2A, the rate-limiting factor of the CMA pathway, are significantly increased in MM patients resistant to Bz and within our Bz-resistant cell line model. Bz-resistant cell lines also possessed higher basal CMA activity than the Bz-sensitive parent cell line. In MM cell lines, CMA activity was upregulated in response to ER stress induced by Bz. The inhibition of CMA sensitises Bz-resistant cells to Bz and the combination of CMA inhibition and Bz in vitro had a more cytotoxic effect on myeloma cells than Bz alone. Conclusion: In summary, the upregulation of CMA is a potential mechanism of resistance to Bz and a novel target to overcome Bz-resistant MM.
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Zmorzynski S, Wojcierowska-Litwin M, Popek-Marciniec S, Szudy-Szczyrek A, Styk W, Chocholska S, Filip AA. The Relationship of ABCB1/MDR1 and CYP1A1 Variants with the Risk of Disease Development and Shortening of Overall Survival in Patients with Multiple Myeloma. J Clin Med 2021; 10:5276. [PMID: 34830558 PMCID: PMC8618341 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10225276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The aim of our study was to analyze the possible relationship of ABCB1 and CYP1A1 gene variants with susceptibility and outcome of multiple myeloma (MM); (2) Methods: Genomic DNA samples from 110 newly-diagnosed MM patients and 100 healthy blood donors were analyzed by methods-PCR-RFLP (for ABCB1 3435C > T, CYP1A1 6235T > C-m1), automated DNA sequencing (for ABCB1 1236C > T, 2677G > T/A) and allele-specific PCR (for CYP1A1 4889A > G-m2); (3) Results: The genotypic frequencies of CYP1A1 4889A > G variant were not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for MM patients. The presence of m1 and m2 CYP1A1 alleles decreased the risk of MM-OR = 0.49 (p = 0.011) and OR = 0.27 (p = 0.0003), respectively. In turn, TT genotype (ABCB1 2677G > T/A) increased the risk of this disease (p = 0.007). In the multivariate Cox analysis CT + TT genotypes (ABCB1 3435C > T) were associated with decreased risk of death (HR = 0.29, p = 0.04). In log-rank test in patients with CT genotype (ABCB1 3435C > T) was observed association of overall survival with the type of treatment; (4) Conclusions: Our findings suggest that T-alleles of ABCB1 2677G > T/A and m1/m2 alleles of CYP1A1 affected the susceptibility of MM. Moreover, T-allele of ABCB1 3435C > T might be independent positive prognostic factor in MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szymon Zmorzynski
- Department of Cancer Genetics with Cytogenetic Laboratory, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland; (M.W.-L.); (S.P.-M.); (A.A.F.)
| | - Magdalena Wojcierowska-Litwin
- Department of Cancer Genetics with Cytogenetic Laboratory, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland; (M.W.-L.); (S.P.-M.); (A.A.F.)
| | - Sylwia Popek-Marciniec
- Department of Cancer Genetics with Cytogenetic Laboratory, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland; (M.W.-L.); (S.P.-M.); (A.A.F.)
| | - Aneta Szudy-Szczyrek
- Chair and Department of Hematooncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland; (A.S.-S.); (S.C.)
| | - Wojciech Styk
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Pedagogy and Psychology, Warsaw Management University, 03-772 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Sylwia Chocholska
- Chair and Department of Hematooncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland; (A.S.-S.); (S.C.)
| | - Agata Anna Filip
- Department of Cancer Genetics with Cytogenetic Laboratory, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland; (M.W.-L.); (S.P.-M.); (A.A.F.)
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17
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Prognostic Value of Resistance Proteins in Plasma Cells from Multiple Myeloma Patients Treated with Bortezomib-Based Regimens. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10215028. [PMID: 34768548 PMCID: PMC8584776 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10215028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
While multiple myeloma (MM) treatment with proteasome inhibitors and other agents yields encouraging results, primary and secondary resistance remains an emerging problem. An important factor in such treatment resistance is the overexpression of several proteins. The present study comprehensively evaluates the expression of POMP, PSMB5, NRF2, XBP1, cMAF and MAFb proteins in plasma cells isolated from the bone marrow of 39 MM patients treated with bortezomib-based regimens using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The proteins were selected on the basis of previous laboratory and clinical studies in bortezomib-treated MM patients. It was found that the expression of the investigated proteins did not significantly differ between bortezomib-sensitive and bortezomib-refractory patients. However, the expression of some proteins correlated with overall survival (OS); this was significantly shorter in patients with higher POMP expression (HR 2.8, 95% CI: 1.1–7.0, p = 0.0277) and longer in those with higher MAFB expression (HR 0.32, 95% CI: 0.13–0.80, p = 0.0147). Our results indicate that a high expression of POMP and MAFB in MM plasma cells may serve as predictors of OS in MM patients treated with bortezomib-based regimens. However, further studies are needed to determine the role of these factors in effective strategies for improving anti-myeloma therapy.
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Allegra A, Di Gioacchino M, Tonacci A, Petrarca C, Musolino C, Gangemi S. Multiple Myeloma Cell-Derived Exosomes: Implications on Tumorigenesis, Diagnosis, Prognosis and Therapeutic Strategies. Cells 2021; 10:2865. [PMID: 34831088 PMCID: PMC8616233 DOI: 10.3390/cells10112865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological disease that is still not curable. The bone marrow milieu, with cellular and non-cellular elements, participate in the creation of a pro-tumoral environment enhancing growth and survival of MM plasma cells. Exosomes are vesicles oscillating in dimension between 50 nm and 100 nm in size that can be released by various cells and contribute to the pathogenesis and progression of MM. Exosomes enclose proteins, cytokines, lipids, microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, and circular RNAs able to regulate interactions between MM plasma cells and adjacent cells. Through exosomes, mesenchymal stem cells confer chemoresistance to MM cells, while myeloma cells promote angiogenesis, influence immune response, cause bone lesions, and have an impact on the outcome of MM patients. In this review, we analyze the role played by exosomes in the progression of monoclonal gammopathies and the effects on the proliferation of neoplastic plasma cells, and discuss the possible employment of exosomes as potential targets for the treatment of MM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Allegra
- Division of Hematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy;
| | - Mario Di Gioacchino
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, G. D’Annunzio University, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
- Institute for Clinical Immunotherapy and Advanced Biological Treatments, 65100 Pescara, Italy
| | - Alessandro Tonacci
- National Research Council of Italy (IFC-CNR), Clinical Physiology Institute, 56124 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Claudia Petrarca
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, G. D’Annunzio University, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
- Institute for Clinical Immunotherapy and Advanced Biological Treatments, 65100 Pescara, Italy
- National Research Council of Italy (IFC-CNR), Clinical Physiology Institute, 56124 Pisa, Italy;
- Department of Medicine and Science of Ageing, G. D’Annunzio University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Caterina Musolino
- Division of Hematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy;
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit and School of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy;
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Murdaca G, Allegra A, Paladin F, Calapai F, Musolino C, Gangemi S. Involvement of Alarmins in the Pathogenesis and Progression of Multiple Myeloma. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9039. [PMID: 34445745 PMCID: PMC8396675 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22169039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Multiple Myeloma (MM) is a haematological disease resulting from the neoplastic transformation of plasma cells. The uncontrolled growth of plasma cells in the bone marrow and the delivery of several cytokines causes bone erosion that often does not regress, even in the event of disease remission. MM is characterised by a multi-step evolutionary path, which starts with an early asymptomatic stage defined as monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) evolving to overt disease. DATA SOURCES AND STUDY SELECTION We have selected scientific publications on the specific topics "alarmis, MGUS, and MM", drawing from PubMed. The keywords we used were alarmines, MGUS, MM, and immune system. RESULTS The analysis confirms the pivotal role of molecules such as high-mobility group box-1, heat shock proteins, and S100 proteins in the induction of neoangiogenesis, which represents a milestone in the negative evolution of MM as well as other haematological and non-haematological tumours. CONCLUSIONS Modulation of the host immune system and the inhibition of neoangiogenesis may represent the therapeutic target for the treatment of MM that is capable of promoting better survival and reducing the risk of RRMM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Murdaca
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS, 20132 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Allegra
- Division of Hematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (A.A.); (C.M.)
| | - Francesca Paladin
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS, 20132 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Fabrizio Calapai
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy;
| | - Caterina Musolino
- Division of Hematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (A.A.); (C.M.)
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, School and Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy;
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Pisano M, Cheng Y, Sun F, Dhakal B, D’Souza A, Chhabra S, Knight JM, Rao S, Zhan F, Hari P, Janz S. Laboratory Mice - A Driving Force in Immunopathology and Immunotherapy Studies of Human Multiple Myeloma. Front Immunol 2021; 12:667054. [PMID: 34149703 PMCID: PMC8206561 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.667054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mouse models of human cancer provide an important research tool for elucidating the natural history of neoplastic growth and developing new treatment and prevention approaches. This is particularly true for multiple myeloma (MM), a common and largely incurable neoplasm of post-germinal center, immunoglobulin-producing B lymphocytes, called plasma cells, that reside in the hematopoietic bone marrow (BM) and cause osteolytic lesions and kidney failure among other forms of end-organ damage. The most widely used mouse models used to aid drug and immunotherapy development rely on in vivo propagation of human myeloma cells in immunodeficient hosts (xenografting) or myeloma-like mouse plasma cells in immunocompetent hosts (autografting). Both strategies have made and continue to make valuable contributions to preclinical myeloma, including immune research, yet are ill-suited for studies on tumor development (oncogenesis). Genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs), such as the widely known Vκ*MYC, may overcome this shortcoming because plasma cell tumors (PCTs) develop de novo (spontaneously) in a highly predictable fashion and accurately recapitulate many hallmarks of human myeloma. Moreover, PCTs arise in an intact organism able to mount a complete innate and adaptive immune response and tumor development reproduces the natural course of human myelomagenesis, beginning with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), progressing to smoldering myeloma (SMM), and eventually transitioning to frank neoplasia. Here we review the utility of transplantation-based and transgenic mouse models of human MM for research on immunopathology and -therapy of plasma cell malignancies, discuss strengths and weaknesses of different experimental approaches, and outline opportunities for closing knowledge gaps, improving the outcome of patients with myeloma, and working towards a cure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Pisano
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Yan Cheng
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Fumou Sun
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Binod Dhakal
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Anita D’Souza
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Saurabh Chhabra
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Jennifer M. Knight
- Departments of Psychiatry, Medicine, and Microbiology & Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Sridhar Rao
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Marrow Transplant, Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Blood Research Institute, Versiti Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Fenghuang Zhan
- Myeloma Center, Department of Internal Medicine and Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Parameswaran Hari
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Siegfried Janz
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
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Bo Kim K. Proteasomal adaptations to FDA-approved proteasome inhibitors: a potential mechanism for drug resistance? CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2021; 4:634-645. [PMID: 34308274 PMCID: PMC8297691 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2021.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
With proteasome inhibitors (PIs) becoming clinically available since 2003, outcomes for patients with multiple myeloma (MM) have dramatically changed, improving quality of life and survival. Despite the impressive treatment success, however, almost all MM patients who initially respond to these PIs eventually develop resistance. Furthermore, a portion of MM patients is inherently unresponsive to the PIs. Extensive mechanistic investigations identified several non-proteasomal signaling pathways suspected to be linked to the PI resistance, for which several excellent reviews are currently available. On the other hand, it is still unclear how cancer cells under high PI environments adapt to spare proteasome activity essential for survival and proliferation regardless of cancer evolution stages. This review outlines current progress towards understanding the proteasomal adaptations of cells in response to PI treatment to maintain necessary proteasome activity. A better understanding of cellular proteasomal changes in response to the PIs could provide a rationale to develop new therapeutics that could be used to overcome resistance to existing PI drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Bo Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-0596, USA
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22
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The Prognostic Value of Whole-Blood PSMB5, CXCR4, POMP, and RPL5 mRNA Expression in Patients with Multiple Myeloma Treated with Bortezomib. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13050951. [PMID: 33668794 PMCID: PMC7956525 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13050951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The mRNA expression of nine previously described genes that may affect resistance to multiple myeloma (MM), viz., ABCB1, CXCR4, MAF, MARCKS, POMP, PSMB5, RPL5, TXN, and XBP1, was compared between bortezomib-refractory and bortezomib-sensitive patients. RPL5 was the only gene to be significantly down-regulated in MM patients compared with non-MM individuals, while POMP was significantly up-regulated in the bortezomib-refractory patients. Multivariate analysis found the best independent predictors of progression-free survival to be high PSMB5 and CXCR expression and autologous stem cell transplantation, and that high expression of POMP and RPL5 were associated with shorter survival. Abstract Proteasome inhibitors, like bortezomib, play a key role in the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM); however, most patients eventually relapse and eventually show multiple drug resistance, and the molecular mechanisms of this resistance remain unclear. The aim of our study is to assess the expression of previously described genes that may influence the resistance to bortezomib treatment at the mRNA level (ABCB1, CXCR4, MAF, MARCKS, POMP, PSMB5, RPL5, TXN, and XBP1) and prognosis of MM patients. mRNA expression was determined in 73 MM patients treated with bortezomib-based regimens (30 bortzomib-sensitive and 43 bortezomib-refractory patients) and 11 healthy controls. RPL5 was significantly down-regulated in multiple myeloma patients as compared with healthy controls. Moreover, POMP was significantly up-regulated in MM patients refractory to bortezomib-based treatment. In multivariate analysis, high expression of PSMB5 and CXCR and autologous stem cell transplantation were independent predictors of progression-free survival, and high expression of POMP and RPL5 was associated with shorter overall survival.
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Identification of resistance pathways and therapeutic targets in relapsed multiple myeloma patients through single-cell sequencing. Nat Med 2021; 27:491-503. [PMID: 33619369 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-021-01232-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a neoplastic plasma-cell disorder characterized by clonal proliferation of malignant plasma cells. Despite extensive research, disease heterogeneity within and between treatment-resistant patients is poorly characterized. In the present study, we conduct a prospective, multicenter, single-arm clinical trial (NCT04065789), combined with longitudinal single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) to study the molecular dynamics of MM resistance mechanisms. Newly diagnosed MM patients (41), who either failed to respond or experienced early relapse after a bortezomib-containing induction regimen, were enrolled to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a daratumumab, carfilzomib, lenalidomide and dexamethasone combination. The primary clinical endpoint was safety and tolerability. Secondary endpoints included overall response rate, progression-free survival and overall survival. Treatment was safe and well tolerated; deep and durable responses were achieved. In prespecified exploratory analyses, comparison of 41 primary refractory and early relapsed patients, with 11 healthy subjects and 15 newly diagnosed MM patients, revealed new MM molecular pathways of resistance, including hypoxia tolerance, protein folding and mitochondria respiration, which generalized to larger clinical cohorts (CoMMpass). We found peptidylprolyl isomerase A (PPIA), a central enzyme in the protein-folding response pathway, as a potential new target for resistant MM. CRISPR-Cas9 deletion of PPIA or inhibition of PPIA with a small molecule inhibitor (ciclosporin) significantly sensitizes MM tumor cells to proteasome inhibitors. Together, our study defines a roadmap for integrating scRNA-seq in clinical trials, identifies a signature of highly resistant MM patients and discovers PPIA as a potent therapeutic target for these tumors.
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Song Y, Hu N, Song X, Yang J. Hsa_Circ_0007841 Enhances Multiple Myeloma Chemotherapy Resistance Through Upregulating ABCG2. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2021; 19:1533033820928371. [PMID: 32552614 PMCID: PMC7307286 DOI: 10.1177/1533033820928371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The current researches have reported that circular RNA is an important regulatory
factor in the progression of various human disease. However, the function and
mechanism of most circular RNAs remain unknown in cancers including multiple
myeloma. Our study has confirmed that hsa_circ_0007841 is up regulated in U266
doxorubicin resistant cells (U266R) and 8226 doxorubicin resistant cells (8226R)
compared to U266 parent cells (U266P) and 8226 parent cells (8226P). Silence of
hsa_circ_0007841 in U266R and 8226R could reduce the half-maximal inhibitory
concentration which indicated reduction in chemoresistance. In doxorubicin
resistant cells, the messenger RNA and protein level of ATP-binding cassette
transporters G2 increased. Silence of hsa_circ_0007841 in drug resistant cells
could decrease both the messenger RNA and protein levels of ATP-binding cassette
transporters G2; reexpression of hsa_circ_0007841 could block the reduction.
However, overexpression of hsa_circ_0007841 could effectively upregulate the
ATP-binding cassette transporters G2 messenger RNA and protein level. Inhibition
of ATP-binding cassette transporters G2 could block hsa_circ_0007841
overexpression induced chemoresistance in U266P and 8226P cells. What’s more,
inhibition of ATP-binding cassette transporters G2 could reduce differences of
half-maximal inhibitory concentration between parent cell lines and
drug-resistant cell lines. Our data collectively suggest a new model in which
hsa_circ_0007841 promotes acquired chemotherapy resistance by upregulating
ATP-binding cassette transporters G2 providing a novel molecular basis of
chemotherapy in multiple myeloma cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Song
- Department of Nephrology, The First People's Hospital of Jingmen, Hubei, China
| | - Ning Hu
- Department of Nephrology, The First People's Hospital of Jingmen, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaowei Song
- Department of Nephrology, The First People's Hospital of Jingmen, Hubei, China
| | - Juhong Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The First People's Hospital of Jingmen, Hubei, China
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Beider K, Rosenberg E, Dimenshtein-Voevoda V, Sirovsky Y, Vladimirsky J, Magen H, Ostrovsky O, Shimoni A, Bromberg Z, Weiss L, Peled A, Nagler A. Blocking of Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) promotes terminal mitophagy in multiple myeloma, disturbing calcium homeostasis and targeting ubiquitin pathway and bortezomib-induced unfolded protein response. J Hematol Oncol 2020; 13:158. [PMID: 33239060 PMCID: PMC7687998 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-020-00993-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chemoresistance remains a major treatment obstacle in multiple myeloma (MM). Novel new therapies are thus in need. Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) is a calcium-permeable ion channel that has been demonstrated to be expressed in solid tumors. Calcium channels have been shown to be involved in the regulation of cell proliferation, chemoresistance, migration and invasion. The aim of the current study was to evaluate its possible role in MM. Methods Pharmacological inhibitor was used to evaluate the role of TRPV1 in MM cell lines and primary MM cells. Flow cytometry, molecular analysis, fluorescent microscopy, proteomic analysis and xenograft in vivo model of MM with BM involvement were employed to assess the effect of TRPV1 inhibition and decipher its unique mechanism of action in MM. Results TRPV1 was found to be expressed by MM cell lines and primary MM cells. TRPV1 inhibition using the antagonist AMG9810-induced MM cell apoptosis and synergized with bortezomib, overcoming both CXCR4-dependent stroma-mediated and acquired resistance. In accordance, AMG9810 suppressed the expression and activation of CXCR4 in MM cells. TRPV1 inhibition increased mitochondrial calcium levels with subsequent mitochondrial ROS accumulation and depolarization. These effects were reversed by calcium chelation, suggesting the role of calcium perturbations in oxidative stress and mitochondrial destabilization. Furthermore, AMG9810 abolished bortezomib-induced accumulation of mitochondrial HSP70 and suppressed protective mitochondrial unfolded protein response. Proteomics revealed unique molecular signature related to the modification of ubiquitin signaling pathway. Consequently, 38 proteins related to the ubiquitylation machinery were downregulated upon combined bortezomib/AMG9810 treatment. Concomitantly, AMG9810 abolished bortezomib-induced ubiquitination of cytosolic and mitochondrial proteins. Furthermore, bortezomib/AMG9810 treatment induced mitochondrial accumulation of PINK1, significantly reduced the mitochondrial mass and promoted mitochondrial-lysosomal fusion, indicating massive mitophagy. Finally, in a recently developed xenograft model of systemic MM with BM involvement, bortezomib/AMG9810 treatment effectively reduced tumor burden in the BM of MM-bearing mice. Conclusions Altogether, our results unravel the mechanism mediating the strong synergistic anti-MM activity of bortezomib in combination with TRPV1 inhibition which may be translated into the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Beider
- Division of Hematology, CBB and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Evgenia Rosenberg
- Division of Hematology, CBB and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Valeria Dimenshtein-Voevoda
- Division of Hematology, CBB and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Yaarit Sirovsky
- Division of Hematology, CBB and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Julia Vladimirsky
- Division of Hematology, CBB and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Hila Magen
- Division of Hematology, CBB and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Olga Ostrovsky
- Division of Hematology, CBB and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Avichai Shimoni
- Division of Hematology, CBB and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Zohar Bromberg
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Lola Weiss
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Amnon Peled
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Arnon Nagler
- Division of Hematology, CBB and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel.
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Li X, Yang Y, Yi X. Protein Kinase D 1 Predicts Poor Treatment Response and Unfavorable Survival of Bortezomib-Based Treatment, and Its Knockdown Enhances Drug Sensitivity to Bortezomib in Multiple Myeloma. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2020; 19:1533033820936770. [PMID: 32799769 PMCID: PMC7436836 DOI: 10.1177/1533033820936770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The present study aimed to explore the correlation of protein kinase D 1 with prognosis in bortezomib-treated multiple myeloma patients and further investigate the effect of protein kinase D 1 knockdown on drug sensitivity to bortezomib in multiple myeloma cells. Methods: Totally, 104 de novo symptomatic multiple myeloma patients treated with bortezomib-based regimens and 30 healthy controls were recruited. Bone marrow mononuclear cells–derived plasma cells were collected from multiple myeloma patients before initial treatment and from healthy controls on the bone marrow donation, respectively, then protein kinase D 1 protein/messenger RNA expressions were detected by Western blot and reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction, respectively. The effect of protein kinase D 1 knockdown on drug sensitivity to bortezomib was detected by transfecting protein kinase D 1 knockdown plasmid and control plasmid into RPMI8226 and U266 cells. Results: Protein kinase D 1 protein/messenger RNA expressions were both upregulated in multiple myeloma patients compared with healthy controls and presented good value in differentiating multiple myeloma patients from healthy controls. Furthermore, protein kinase D 1 protein/messenger RNA expressions were both associated with high International Staging System stage and t (4; 14). Furthermore, both complete response rate and overall response rate were reduced in protein kinase D 1 high patients compared with protein kinase D 1 low patients; similarly, progression-free survival and overall survival were both decreased in protein kinase D 1 high patients compared with protein kinase D 1 low patients. In addition, in RPMI8226 and U266 multiple myeloma cells, protein kinase D 1 knockdown increased drug sensitivity to bortezomib. Conclusion: Protein kinase D 1 has the potential to predict poor treatment response and unfavorable survival of bortezomib-based treatment in multiple myeloma patients, and its knockdown enhanced drug sensitivity to bortezomib in multiple myeloma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuesong Li
- Chinese Traditional Medicine Comprehensive Ward, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Department of Oncology, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Xue Yi
- Department of Hematology, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Wuhan, China
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Cytokine-Mediated Dysregulation of Signaling Pathways in the Pathogenesis of Multiple Myeloma. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21145002. [PMID: 32679860 PMCID: PMC7403981 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21145002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematologic disorder of B lymphocytes characterized by the accumulation of malignant plasma cells (PCs) in the bone marrow. The altered plasma cells overproduce abnormal monoclonal immunoglobulins and also stimulate osteoclasts. The host’s immune system and microenvironment are of paramount importance in the growth of PCs and, thus, in the pathogenesis of the disease. The interaction of MM cells with the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment through soluble factors and cell adhesion molecules causes pathogenesis of the disease through activation of multiple signaling pathways, including NF-κβ, PI3K/AKT and JAK/STAT. These activated pathways play a critical role in the inhibition of apoptosis, sustained proliferation, survival and migration of MM cells. Besides, these pathways also participate in developing resistance against the chemotherapeutic drugs in MM. The imbalance between inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in MM leads to an increased level of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which in turn play a significant role in dysregulation of signaling pathways and proliferation of MM cells; however, the association appears to be inadequate and needs more research. In this review, we are highlighting the recent findings on the roles of various cytokines and growth factors in the pathogenesis of MM and the potential therapeutic utility of aberrantly activated signaling pathways to manage the MM disease.
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28
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Peres de Oliveira A, Kazuo Issayama L, Betim Pavan IC, Riback Silva F, Diniz Melo-Hanchuk T, Moreira Simabuco F, Kobarg J. Checking NEKs: Overcoming a Bottleneck in Human Diseases. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25081778. [PMID: 32294979 PMCID: PMC7221840 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25081778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In previous years, several kinases, such as phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK), have been linked to important human diseases, although some kinase families remain neglected in terms of research, hiding their relevance to therapeutic approaches. Here, a review regarding the NEK family is presented, shedding light on important information related to NEKs and human diseases. NEKs are a large group of homologous kinases with related functions and structures that participate in several cellular processes such as the cell cycle, cell division, cilia formation, and the DNA damage response. The review of the literature points to the pivotal participation of NEKs in important human diseases, like different types of cancer, diabetes, ciliopathies and central nervous system related and inflammatory-related diseases. The different known regulatory molecular mechanisms specific to each NEK are also presented, relating to their involvement in different diseases. In addition, important information about NEKs remains to be elucidated and is highlighted in this review, showing the need for other studies and research regarding this kinase family. Therefore, the NEK family represents an important group of kinases with potential applications in the therapy of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andressa Peres de Oliveira
- Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Tecidual, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-862, Brazil; (A.P.d.O.); (L.K.I.); (I.C.B.P.); (F.R.S.); (T.D.M.-H.)
| | - Luidy Kazuo Issayama
- Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Tecidual, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-862, Brazil; (A.P.d.O.); (L.K.I.); (I.C.B.P.); (F.R.S.); (T.D.M.-H.)
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-871, Brazil
| | - Isadora Carolina Betim Pavan
- Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Tecidual, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-862, Brazil; (A.P.d.O.); (L.K.I.); (I.C.B.P.); (F.R.S.); (T.D.M.-H.)
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-871, Brazil
- Laboratório Multidisciplinar em Alimentos e Saúde, Faculdade de Ciências Aplicadas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, São Paulo 13484-350, Brazil;
| | - Fernando Riback Silva
- Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Tecidual, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-862, Brazil; (A.P.d.O.); (L.K.I.); (I.C.B.P.); (F.R.S.); (T.D.M.-H.)
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-871, Brazil
| | - Talita Diniz Melo-Hanchuk
- Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Tecidual, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-862, Brazil; (A.P.d.O.); (L.K.I.); (I.C.B.P.); (F.R.S.); (T.D.M.-H.)
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-871, Brazil
| | - Fernando Moreira Simabuco
- Laboratório Multidisciplinar em Alimentos e Saúde, Faculdade de Ciências Aplicadas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, São Paulo 13484-350, Brazil;
| | - Jörg Kobarg
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-871, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-19-3521-8143
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Huang X, Gu H, Zhang E, Chen Q, Cao W, Yan H, Chen J, Yang L, Lv N, He J, Yi Q, Cai Z. The NEDD4-1 E3 ubiquitin ligase: A potential molecular target for bortezomib sensitivity in multiple myeloma. Int J Cancer 2020; 146:1963-1978. [PMID: 31390487 PMCID: PMC7027789 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
E3 ubiquitin ligases primarily determine the substrate specificity of the ubiquitin-proteasome system and play an essential role in the resistance to bortezomib in multiple myeloma (MM). Neural precursor cell-expressed developmentally downregulated gene 4-1 (NEDD4-1, also known as NEDD4) is a founding member of the NEDD4 family of E3 ligases and is involved in the proliferation, migration, invasion and drug sensitivity of cancer cells. In the present study, we investigated the role of NEDD4-1 in MM cells and explored its underlying mechanism. Clinically, low NEDD4-1 expression has been linked to poor prognosis in patients with MM. Functionally, NEDD4-1 knockdown (KD) resulted in bortezomib resistance in MM cells in vitro and in vivo. The overexpression (OE) of NEDD4-1, but not an enzyme-dead NEDD4-1-C867S mutant, had the opposite effect. Furthermore, the overexpression of NEDD4-1 in NEDD4-1 KD cells resensitized the cells to bortezomib in an add-back rescue experiment. Mechanistically, pAkt-Ser473 levels and Akt signaling were elevated and decreased by NEDD4-1 KD and OE, respectively. NEDD4-1 ubiquitinated Akt and targeted pAkt-Ser473 for proteasomal degradation. More importantly, the NEDD4-1 KD-induced upregulation of Akt expression sensitized MM cells to growth inhibition after treatment with an Akt inhibitor. Collectively, our results suggest that high NEDD4-1 levels may be a potential new therapeutic target in MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Huang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, Department of HematologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Huiyao Gu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, Department of HematologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Enfan Zhang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, Department of HematologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Qingxiao Chen
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, Department of HematologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Wen Cao
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, Department of HematologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Haimeng Yan
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, Department of HematologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Jing Chen
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, Department of HematologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Li Yang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, Department of HematologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Ning Lv
- Department of PharmacyThe First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Jingsong He
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, Department of HematologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Qing Yi
- Center for Hematologic Malignancy Research Institute, Houston MethodistHoustonTX
| | - Zhen Cai
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, Department of HematologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang UniversityChina
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Pinto V, Bergantim R, Caires HR, Seca H, Guimarães JE, Vasconcelos MH. Multiple Myeloma: Available Therapies and Causes of Drug Resistance. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E407. [PMID: 32050631 PMCID: PMC7072128 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12020407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most common blood cancer. Treatments for MM include corticosteroids, alkylating agents, anthracyclines, proteasome inhibitors, immunomodulatory drugs, histone deacetylase inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies. Survival outcomes have improved substantially due to the introduction of many of these drugs allied with their rational use. Nonetheless, MM patients successively relapse after one or more treatment regimens or become refractory, mostly due to drug resistance. This review focuses on the main drugs used in MM treatment and on causes of drug resistance, including cytogenetic, genetic and epigenetic alterations, abnormal drug transport and metabolism, dysregulation of apoptosis, autophagy activation and other intracellular signaling pathways, the presence of cancer stem cells, and the tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, we highlight the areas that need to be further clarified in an attempt to identify novel therapeutic targets to counteract drug resistance in MM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Pinto
- i3S–Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (V.P.); (R.B.); (H.R.C.); (H.S.); (J.E.G.)
- Cancer Drug Resistance Group, IPATIMUP–Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- FCTUC–Faculty of Science and Technology of the University of Coimbra, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rui Bergantim
- i3S–Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (V.P.); (R.B.); (H.R.C.); (H.S.); (J.E.G.)
- Cancer Drug Resistance Group, IPATIMUP–Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Clinical Hematology, Hospital São João, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Clinical Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Hugo R. Caires
- i3S–Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (V.P.); (R.B.); (H.R.C.); (H.S.); (J.E.G.)
- Cancer Drug Resistance Group, IPATIMUP–Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Hugo Seca
- i3S–Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (V.P.); (R.B.); (H.R.C.); (H.S.); (J.E.G.)
- Cancer Drug Resistance Group, IPATIMUP–Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - José E. Guimarães
- i3S–Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (V.P.); (R.B.); (H.R.C.); (H.S.); (J.E.G.)
- Cancer Drug Resistance Group, IPATIMUP–Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Clinical Hematology, Hospital São João, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Clinical Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - M. Helena Vasconcelos
- i3S–Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (V.P.); (R.B.); (H.R.C.); (H.S.); (J.E.G.)
- Cancer Drug Resistance Group, IPATIMUP–Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Biological Sciences, FFUP-Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
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31
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Xu D, Cui Q, Xu Y, Chen Z, Xia W, Yang Y, Liu D. Plasma enhance drug sensitivity to bortezomib by inhibition of cyp1a1 in myeloma cells. Transl Cancer Res 2019; 8:2841-2847. [PMID: 35117041 PMCID: PMC8798238 DOI: 10.21037/tcr.2019.10.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Background Drug resistance is one of the major problems encountered in clinical therapy of multiple myeloma treatment. Combination treatment with several drugs may increase the sensitivity and overcome drug resistance. Methods Here, we combined chemotherapy with a newly developed technology, cold atmospheric plasma, to enhance drug sensitivity. Results We found that plasma treatment had a synergistic anti-cancer effect with a first line drug (bortezomib). Based on our previous study, we further found that plasma treatment could inhibit Notch pathway and down-regulate cyp1a1 expression and enzyme activity, which contributing to the enhanced drug sensitivity to bortezomib after combination of bortezomib with gas plasma. Conclusions Our results showed a new strategy to overcome drug resistance by combination of traditional chemotherapy with cold atmospheric plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dehui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Centre for Plasma Biomedicine, First Affiliated Hospital of the Medical School, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Qingjie Cui
- The School of Life Science and Technology, First Affiliated Hospital of the Medical School, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Yujing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Centre for Plasma Biomedicine, First Affiliated Hospital of the Medical School, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Zeyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Centre for Plasma Biomedicine, First Affiliated Hospital of the Medical School, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Wenjie Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Centre for Plasma Biomedicine, First Affiliated Hospital of the Medical School, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Yanjie Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of the Medical School, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Dingxin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Centre for Plasma Biomedicine, First Affiliated Hospital of the Medical School, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
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32
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Lee J, Hong SW, Kwon H, Park SE, Rhee EJ, Park CY, Oh KW, Park SW, Lee WY. Resveratrol, an activator of SIRT1, improves ER stress by increasing clusterin expression in HepG2 cells. Cell Stress Chaperones 2019; 24:825-833. [PMID: 31183612 PMCID: PMC6629741 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-019-01012-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress) is involved in lipid metabolism and lipotoxicity and can lead to apoptosis. Resveratrol, a sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) agonist, prevents ER stress and improves ER stress-induced hepatic steatosis and cell death. Clusterin is a secreted chaperone and has roles in various physiological processes. However, changes in the expression of clusterin upon ER stress and the connection between SIRT1 and clusterin in protection against ER stress are not well known. In cells treated with tunicamycin, resveratrol increased the expression of clusterin mRNA and protein and the secreted clusterin protein level in conditioned medium. Resveratrol decreased protein expression of the ER stress markers, p-PERK, p-IRE1α, and CHOP, and increased the expression of the ER-associated degradation (ERAD) factors, SEL1L and HRD1, in tunicamycin-treated cells. However, no changes in the expression of these genes were observed in clusterin siRNA-transfected cells. Moreover, increased LAMP2 and LC3 expression and decreased Rubicon expression were observed in cells treated with resveratrol or secreted clusterin. These data suggest that SIRT1 activation by resveratrol attenuates ER stress by promoting protective processes such as ERAD and autophagy pathways and that these protective effects are mediated by clusterin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinmi Lee
- Institute of Medical Research, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 03181, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Woo Hong
- Institute of Medical Research, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 03181, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyemi Kwon
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, #29 Seamunan-ro, Jongro-Ku, Seoul, 03181, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Eun Park
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, #29 Seamunan-ro, Jongro-Ku, Seoul, 03181, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Jung Rhee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, #29 Seamunan-ro, Jongro-Ku, Seoul, 03181, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol-Young Park
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, #29 Seamunan-ro, Jongro-Ku, Seoul, 03181, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Won Oh
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, #29 Seamunan-ro, Jongro-Ku, Seoul, 03181, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Woo Park
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, #29 Seamunan-ro, Jongro-Ku, Seoul, 03181, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Young Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, #29 Seamunan-ro, Jongro-Ku, Seoul, 03181, Republic of Korea.
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Li L, Wang L. Multiple Myeloma: What Do We Do About Immunodeficiency? J Cancer 2019; 10:1675-1684. [PMID: 31205523 PMCID: PMC6548011 DOI: 10.7150/jca.29993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable hematological malignancy. Immunodeficiency results in the incapability of immunity to eradicate both tumor cells and pathogens. Immunotherapies along with antibiotics and other anti-infectious agents are applied as substitutes for immunity in MM. Immunotherapies including monoclonal antibodies, immune checkpoints inhibitors, affinity- enhanced T cells, chimeric antigen receptor T cells and dendritic cell vaccines are revolutionizing MM treatment. By suppressing the pro-inflammatory milieu and pathogens, prophylactic and therapeutic antibiotics represent anti-tumor and anti-infection properties. It is expected that deeper understanding of infection, immunity and tumor physio-pathologies in MM will accelerate the optimization of combined therapies, thus improving prognosis in MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linrong Li
- Second Clinical Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Hematology, ZhuJiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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34
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Xu H, Han H, Song S, Yi N, Qian C, Qiu Y, Zhou W, Hong Y, Zhuang W, Li Z, Li B, Zhuang W. Exosome-Transmitted PSMA3 and PSMA3-AS1 Promote Proteasome Inhibitor Resistance in Multiple Myeloma. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 25:1923-1935. [DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-2363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Gu C, Jing X, Holman C, Sompallae R, Zhan F, Tricot G, Yang Y, Janz S. Upregulation of FOXM1 leads to diminished drug sensitivity in myeloma. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:1152. [PMID: 30463534 PMCID: PMC6249818 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-5015-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Following up on previous work demonstrating the involvement of the transcription factor forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) in the biology and outcome of a high-risk subset of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (nMM), this study evaluated whether FOXM1 gene expression may be further upregulated upon tumor recurrence in patients with relapsed multiple myeloma (rMM). Also assessed was the hypothesis that increased levels of FOXM1 diminish the sensitivity of myeloma cells to commonly used myeloma drugs, such as the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib (Bz) and the DNA intercalator doxorubicin (Dox). METHODS FOXM1 message was evaluated in 88 paired myeloma samples from patients with nMM and rMM, using gene expression microarrays as measurement tool. Sources of differential gene expression were identified and outlier analyses were performed using statistical methods. Two independent human myeloma cell lines (HMCLs) containing normal levels of FOXM1 (FOXM1N) or elevated levels of lentivirus-encoded FOXM1 (FOXM1Hi) were employed to determine FOXM1-dependent changes in cell proliferation, survival, efflux-pump activity, and drug sensitivity. Levels of retinoblastoma (Rb) protein were determined with the assistance of Western blotting. RESULTS Upregulation of FOXM1 occurred in 61 of 88 (69%) patients with rMM, including 4 patients that exhibited > 20-fold elevated expression peaks. Increased FOXM1 levels in FOXM1Hi myeloma cells caused partial resistance to Bz (1.9-5.6 fold) and Dox (1.5-2.9 fold) in vitro, using FOXM1N myeloma as control. Reduced sensitivity of FOXM1Hi cells to Bz was confirmed in vivo using myeloma-in-mouse xenografts. FOXM1-dependent regulation of total and phosphorylated Rb agreed with a working model of myeloma suggesting that FOXM1 governs both chromosomal instability (CIN) and E2F-dependent proliferation, using a mechanism that involves interaction with NIMA related kinase 2 (NEK2) and cyclin dependent kinase 6 (CDK6), respectively. CONCLUSIONS These findings enhanced our understanding of the emerging FOXM1 genetic network in myeloma and provided preclinical support for the therapeutic targeting of the FOXM1-NEK2 and CDK4/6-Rb-E2F pathways using small-drug CDK and NEK2 inhibitors. Clinical research is warranted to assess whether this approach may overcome drug resistance in FOXM1Hi myeloma and, thereby, improve the outcome of patients in which the transcription factor is expressed at high levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Gu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023 China
- Department of Pathology, The University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa 52242 USA
| | - Xuefang Jing
- Department of Pathology, The University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa 52242 USA
| | - Carol Holman
- Department of Pathology, The University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa 52242 USA
| | - Ramakrishna Sompallae
- Department of Pathology, The University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa 52242 USA
- Iowa Institute for Genetics, The University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa 52242 USA
| | - Fenghuang Zhan
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa 52242 USA
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa 52242 USA
| | - Guido Tricot
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa 52242 USA
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa 52242 USA
| | - Ye Yang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023 China
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023 China
| | - Siegfried Janz
- Department of Pathology, The University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa 52242 USA
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa 52242 USA
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53213 USA
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36
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Gu J, Song S, Han H, Xu H, Fan G, Qian C, Qiu Y, Zhou W, Zhuang W, Li B. The BET Bromodomain Inhibitor OTX015 Synergizes with Targeted Agents in Multiple Myeloma. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:5387-5396. [PMID: 30339013 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Treatment failure remains a main challenge in the management of high-risk multiple myeloma (MM) even with the expanding repertoire of new drugs. Combinatorial therapy is considered an encouraging strategy that can overcome the compensatory mechanisms and undesirable off-target effects that limit the benefits of many prospective agents. Preliminary results of a current phase I trial have indicated that the new BET bromodomain inhibitor OTX015 has favorable activity and tolerability. However, OTX015 is not efficacious enough as a monotherapy. Here, we provide evidence that synergistic drug combinations with OTX015 were generally more specific to particular cellular contexts than single agent activities. In addition, pairing OTX015 with three classes of drugs dramatically enhanced the antitumor activity in mouse models of disseminated human myeloma. Our studies further underscored that the BET inhibitor OTX015 sensitized MM cells by interrupting several pathways and genes critical for MM cell proliferation and drug response, which provided the rationale for multiple myeloma therapy with OTX015 combined with conventional chemotherapeutic drugs. Thus, the context specificity of synergistic combinations not only provide profound insights into therapeutically relevant selectivity but also improve control of complex biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Gu
- Department of Haematology , The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University , Suzhou , China
| | - Sha Song
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences , Soochow University , Suzhou , China
| | - Huiying Han
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences , Soochow University , Suzhou , China
| | - Hongxia Xu
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences , Soochow University , Suzhou , China
| | - Gao Fan
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences , Soochow University , Suzhou , China
| | - Chen'ao Qian
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences , Soochow University , Suzhou , China
| | - Yingchun Qiu
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences , Soochow University , Suzhou , China
| | - Wenqi Zhou
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences , Soochow University , Suzhou , China
| | - Wenzhuo Zhuang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences , Soochow University , Suzhou , China
| | - Bingzong Li
- Department of Haematology , The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University , Suzhou , China
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37
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Drug resistance in multiple myeloma. Cancer Treat Rev 2018; 70:199-208. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2018] [Revised: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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38
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Park JE, Miller Z, Jun Y, Lee W, Kim KB. Next-generation proteasome inhibitors for cancer therapy. Transl Res 2018; 198:1-16. [PMID: 29654740 PMCID: PMC6151281 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2018.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Over 2 decades ago, the proteasome was considered a risky or even untenable therapeutic target. Today, proteasome inhibitors are a mainstay in the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM) and have sales in excess of 3 billion US dollars annually. More importantly, the availability of proteasome inhibitors has greatly improved the survival and quality of life for patients with MM. Despite the remarkable success of proteasome inhibitor therapies to date, the potential for improvement remains, and the development and optimal use of proteasome inhibitors as anticancer agents continues to be an active area of research. In this review, we briefly discuss the features and limitations of the 3 proteasome inhibitor drugs currently used in the clinic and provide an update on current efforts to develop next-generation proteasome inhibitors with the potential to overcome the limitations of existing proteasome inhibitor drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Eun Park
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Zachary Miller
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Yearin Jun
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wooin Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyung Bo Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky.
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39
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Suresh N, Haldar K. Mechanisms of artemisinin resistance in Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2018; 42:46-54. [PMID: 30077118 PMCID: PMC6314025 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) have substantially reduced worldwide malaria burden and deaths. But malaria parasites have become resistant to artemisinins. Prior studies suggested two different molecular pathways of artemisinin-resistance. Here we unify recent findings into a single model, where elevation of a lipid, phosphatidylinositol-3- phosphate (PI3P) results in vesicle expansion that increases the engagement with the unfolded protein response (UPR). Vesicle expansion (rather than increasing individual genetic determinants of the UPR) efficiently induces artemisinin resistance likely by promoting ‘proteostasis’ (protein translation coupled to proper protein folding and vesicular remodeling) to mitigate artemisinin-induced proteopathy (death from global abnormal protein-toxicity). Vesicular amplification engages the host red cell, suggesting that artemisinin resistant malaria may also persist by taking advantage of host niches and escaping the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niraja Suresh
- Boler-Parseghian Center for Rare and Neglected Diseases, University of Notre Dame, 103 Galvin Life Sciences, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, 103 Galvin Life Sciences, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Kasturi Haldar
- Boler-Parseghian Center for Rare and Neglected Diseases, University of Notre Dame, 103 Galvin Life Sciences, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, 103 Galvin Life Sciences, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.
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40
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Franqui-Machin R, Hao M, Bai H, Gu Z, Zhan X, Habelhah H, Jethava Y, Qiu L, Frech I, Tricot G, Zhan F. Destabilizing NEK2 overcomes resistance to proteasome inhibition in multiple myeloma. J Clin Invest 2018; 128:2877-2893. [PMID: 29863498 PMCID: PMC6026005 DOI: 10.1172/jci98765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance remains the key problem in cancer treatment. It is now accepted that each myeloma patient harbors multiple subclones and subclone dominance may change over time. The coexistence of multiple subclones with high or low chromosomal instability (CIN) signature causes heterogeneity and drug resistance with consequent disease relapse. In this study, using a tandem affinity purification-mass spectrometry (TAP-MS) technique, we found that NEK2, a CIN gene, was bound to the deubiquitinase USP7. Binding to USP7 prevented NEK2 ubiquitination resulting in NEK2 stabilization. Increased NEK2 kinase levels activated the canonical NF-κB signaling pathway through the PP1α/AKT axis. Newly diagnosed myeloma patients with activated NF-κB signaling through increased NEK2 activity had poorer event-free and overall survivals based on multiple independent clinical cohorts. We also found that NEK2 activated heparanase, a secreted enzyme, responsible for bone destruction in an NF-κB-dependent manner. Intriguingly, both NEK2 and USP7 inhibitors showed great efficacy in inhibiting myeloma cell growth and overcoming NEK2-induced and -acquired drug resistance in xenograft myeloma mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reinaldo Franqui-Machin
- Molecular Medicine Program and
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Mu Hao
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Hua Bai
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Zhimin Gu
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | | | - Hasem Habelhah
- Molecular Medicine Program and
- Department of Pathology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Yogesh Jethava
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Lugui Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Ivana Frech
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Guido Tricot
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Fenghuang Zhan
- Molecular Medicine Program and
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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Cosemans C, Oben B, Arijs I, Daniëls A, Declercq J, Vanhees K, Froyen G, Maes B, Mebis J, Rummens JL. Prognostic Biomarkers in the Progression From MGUS to Multiple Myeloma: A Systematic Review. CLINICAL LYMPHOMA MYELOMA & LEUKEMIA 2018; 18:235-248. [PMID: 29506935 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2018.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM), characterized by malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow, is consistently preceded by asymptomatic premalignant stage monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). These MGUS patients have an annual risk of 1% to progress to MM. Clinical, imaging, and genomic (genetic and epigenetic) factors were identified, whose presence increased the risk of progression from MGUS to MM. In this systematic review we summarize the currently identified clinical, imaging, and genomic biomarkers suggested to increase the progression risk or shown to be differentially expressed/present between both cohorts of patients. Despite the wide range of proposed markers, there are still no reliable biomarkers to individually predict which MGUS patient will progress to MM and which will not. Research on biomarkers in the progression from MGUS to MM will give more insight in the unknown pathogenesis of this hematological malignancy. This would improve research by elucidating new pathways and potential therapeutic targets as well as clinical management by closer follow-up and earlier treatment of high-risk MGUS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Cosemans
- Department of Experimental Hematology, Jessa Hospital, Hasselt, Belgium; Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Bénedith Oben
- Department of Experimental Hematology, Jessa Hospital, Hasselt, Belgium; Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium.
| | - Ingrid Arijs
- Department of Experimental Hematology, Jessa Hospital, Hasselt, Belgium; Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Annick Daniëls
- Department of Experimental Hematology, Jessa Hospital, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Declercq
- Department of Experimental Hematology, Jessa Hospital, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Kimberly Vanhees
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium; University Biobank Limburg (UBiLim) and Biobank Jessa, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Guy Froyen
- Department of Experimental Hematology, Jessa Hospital, Hasselt, Belgium; Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium; Department of Clinical Biology, Jessa Hospital, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Brigitte Maes
- Department of Experimental Hematology, Jessa Hospital, Hasselt, Belgium; Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium; Department of Clinical Biology, Jessa Hospital, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Mebis
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium; Division of Medical Oncology, Jessa Hospital, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Jean-Luc Rummens
- Department of Experimental Hematology, Jessa Hospital, Hasselt, Belgium; Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium; University Biobank Limburg (UBiLim) and Biobank Jessa, Hasselt, Belgium; Department of Clinical Biology, Jessa Hospital, Hasselt, Belgium
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Nikesitch N, Lee JM, Ling S, Roberts TL. Endoplasmic reticulum stress in the development of multiple myeloma and drug resistance. Clin Transl Immunology 2018; 7:e1007. [PMID: 29484184 PMCID: PMC5822402 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2017] [Revised: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a haematological malignancy of mature antibody‐secreting plasma cells. Currently, MM is incurable, but advances in drug treatments have increased patient lifespan. One of the characteristics of MM is the excessive production of monoclonal immunoglobulin (also referred to as paraprotein). This high level of protein production induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and proteasomal degradation of the paraprotein is required to avoid ER stress‐induced cell death. Consequently, proteasomal inhibitors such as bortezomib have been particularly effective therapies. Unfortunately development of resistance to bortezomib is common. In this review, we address how control of endoplasmic reticulum stress is important in the development of MM and how the unfolded protein response and its associated stress response pathways are involved in the development of bortezomib resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Nikesitch
- Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research and School of Medicine Western Sydney University Liverpool NSW Australia
| | - James M Lee
- Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research and School of Medicine Western Sydney University Liverpool NSW Australia
| | - Silvia Ling
- Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research and School of Medicine Western Sydney University Liverpool NSW Australia.,Department of Haematology Sydney South West Pathology Service NSW Pathology Liverpool Hospital Liverpool NSW Australia.,School of Medicine SWS Clinical School University of New South Wales Kensington NSW Australia
| | - Tara Laurine Roberts
- Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research and School of Medicine Western Sydney University Liverpool NSW Australia.,School of Medicine SWS Clinical School University of New South Wales Kensington NSW Australia.,Centre for Clinical Research University of Queensland Herston Qld Australia
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43
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Abstract
A marked decrease in malaria-related deaths worldwide has been attributed to the administration of effective antimalarials against Plasmodium falciparum, in particular, artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs). Increasingly, ACTs are also used to treat Plasmodium vivax, the second major human malaria parasite. However, resistance to frontline artemisinins and partner drugs is now causing the failure of P. falciparum ACTs in southeast Asia. In this Review, we discuss our current knowledge of markers and mechanisms of resistance to artemisinins and ACTs. In particular, we describe the identification of mutations in the propeller domains of Kelch 13 as the primary marker for artemisinin resistance in P. falciparum and explore two major mechanisms of resistance that have been independently proposed: the activation of the unfolded protein response and proteostatic dysregulation of parasite phosphatidylinositol 3- kinase. We emphasize the continuing challenges and the imminent need to understand mechanisms of resistance to improve parasite detection strategies, develop new combinations to eliminate resistant parasites and prevent their global spread.
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44
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Wang Y, Tang Y, Hang H, Wang M, Pang Y, Yu Y, Wu Y, Zhu Q. cAMP induces cell apoptosis in multiple myeloma and overcomes bortezomib resistance. Am J Cancer Res 2018; 8:16-29. [PMID: 29416917 PMCID: PMC5794718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The acquired resistance to bortezomib represents a major obstacle for multiple myeloma (MM) treatment. Studies revealed that the treatment with cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) may be a promising strategy for MM therapy. Therefore, the present study aimed to explore the mechanism of action of cAMP in MM cells. Our results showed that 8-CPT-cAMP and bortezomib synergistically induced growth inhibition and apoptosis in MM bortezomib-resistant cell lines and primary MM cells, in which protein kinase A (PKA) activation was involved. Furthermore, 8-CPT-cAMP induced the degradation of cyclinD1 and downregulation of myeloid cell leukemia-1 (Mcl-1). Moreover, 8-CPT-cAMP enhanced endoplasmic reticulum stress caused by bortezomib. A synergy between bortezomib and cAMP was also revealed in a murine MOPC315 xenograft model, which was evidenced by the significantly inhibited tumor growth and the improved multiple cancer-related parameters by the combination of the cAMP-elevating compound forskolin and bortezomib. Taken together, this study suggests that the treatment with cAMP may be a promising strategy for enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of bortezomib in MM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Wang
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200011, P. R. China
| | - Yong Tang
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200011, P. R. China
| | - Haifang Hang
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200011, P. R. China
| | - Mingming Wang
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200011, P. R. China
| | - Yuyang Pang
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200011, P. R. China
| | - Yehua Yu
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200011, P. R. China
| | - Yingli Wu
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital/Faculty of Basic Medicine, Chemical Biology, Division of Shanghai Universities E-Institutes, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of The Chinese Ministry of Education Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025, P. R. China
| | - Qi Zhu
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200011, P. R. China
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45
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Eugênio AIP, Fook-Alves VL, de Oliveira MB, Fernando RC, Zanatta DB, Strauss BE, Silva MRR, Porcionatto MA, Colleoni GWB. Proteasome and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) inhibitors as therapeutic alternative in multiple myeloma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:114698-114709. [PMID: 29383113 PMCID: PMC5777725 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
HSP70 connects multiple signaling pathways that work synergistically to protect tumor cells from death by proteotoxic stress and represents a possible target to establish a new approach for multiple myeloma treatment. Therefore, bioluminescent cell lines RPMI8226-LUC-PURO and U266-LUC-PURO were treated with HSP70 (VER155008) and/or proteasome (bortezomib) inhibitors and immunodeficient mice were used for subcutaneous xenograft models to evaluate tumor growth reduction and tumor growth inhibition after treatment. Bioluminescence imaging was used to follow tumor response. Treatment with bortezomib showed ∼60% of late apoptosis in RPMI8226-LUC-PURO (without additional benefit of VER155008 in this cell line). However, U266-LUC-PURO showed ∼60% of cell death after treatment with VER155008 (alone or with bortezomib). RPMI8226-LUC-PURO xenograft presented tumor reduction by bioluminescence imaging after treatment with bortezomib, VER155008 or drug combination compared to controls. Treatment with bortezomib, alone or combined with VER155008, showed inhibition of tumor growth assessed by bioluminescence imaging after one week in both RPMI8226-LUC-PURO and U266-LUC-PURO cell lines when compared to controls. In conclusion, our study shows that the combination of proteasome and HSP70 inhibitors induced cell death in tumor cells in vitro (late apoptosis induction) and in vivo (inhibition of tumor growth) with special benefit in U266-LUC-PURO, bearing 17p deletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Isabel Pereira Eugênio
- Discipline of Hematology e Hemotherapy, Department of Clinical and Experimental Oncology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, UNIFESP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Veruska Lia Fook-Alves
- Discipline of Hematology e Hemotherapy, Department of Clinical and Experimental Oncology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, UNIFESP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariana Bleker de Oliveira
- Discipline of Hematology e Hemotherapy, Department of Clinical and Experimental Oncology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, UNIFESP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Carlini Fernando
- Discipline of Hematology e Hemotherapy, Department of Clinical and Experimental Oncology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, UNIFESP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniela B Zanatta
- Center of Translational Investigation in Oncology, Cancer Institute of the State of São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Bryan Eric Strauss
- Center of Translational Investigation in Oncology, Cancer Institute of the State of São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Gisele Wally Braga Colleoni
- Discipline of Hematology e Hemotherapy, Department of Clinical and Experimental Oncology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, UNIFESP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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46
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Rastgoo N, Abdi J, Hou J, Chang H. Role of epigenetics-microRNA axis in drug resistance of multiple myeloma. J Hematol Oncol 2017; 10:121. [PMID: 28623912 PMCID: PMC5474298 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-017-0492-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite administration of novel therapies, multiple myeloma (MM) remains incurable with resistance to drugs leading to relapse in most patients. Thus, it is critical to understand the detailed mechanisms underlying the drug resistance of MM and develop more effective therapeutic strategies. Genetic abnormalities are well known to play a central role in MM pathogenesis and therapy resistance; however, epigenetic aberrations mainly affecting the patterns of DNA methylation/histone modifications of genes (especially tumor suppressors) and miRNAs have also been shown to be involved. Importantly, while epigenetic silencing of miRNAs in MM is well documented, some epigenetic markers are known to be direct targets of miRNAs particularly the recently described "epimiRNAs". Drugs targeting epigenetic modifiers (e.g., HDACs, EZH2) can sensitize MM-resistant cells to anti-myeloma drugs and reversibility of epigenetic changes makes these drugs promising therapeutic agents. Therefore, combination of miRNA mimics with inhibitors of epigenetic modifiers would be a more potent therapeutic strategy in MM patients in relapse or refractory to treatments. In this review, we will discuss the findings of recent investigations on epigenetics/miRNA regulatory axis in development of drug resistance in MM and highlight possible approaches for therapeutic applications of such interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrin Rastgoo
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Toronto General Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jahangir Abdi
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Toronto General Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jian Hou
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Chang Zheng Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Chang
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Toronto General Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Chang Zheng Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Department of Laboratory Hematology and Medical Oncology, University Health Network, 200 Elizabeth Street, 11E-413, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada
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47
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Towards Stratified Medicine in Plasma Cell Myeloma. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17101760. [PMID: 27775669 PMCID: PMC5085784 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17101760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasma cell myeloma is a clinically heterogeneous malignancy accounting for approximately one to 2% of newly diagnosed cases of cancer worldwide. Treatment options, in addition to long-established cytotoxic drugs, include autologous stem cell transplant, immune modulators, proteasome inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies, plus further targeted therapies currently in clinical trials. Whilst treatment decisions are mostly based on a patient’s age, fitness, including the presence of co-morbidities, and tumour burden, significant scope exists for better risk stratification, sub-classification of disease, and predictors of response to specific therapies. Clinical staging, recurring acquired cytogenetic aberrations, and serum biomarkers such as β-2 microglobulin, and free light chains are in widespread use but often fail to predict the disease progression or inform treatment decision making. Recent scientific advances have provided considerable insight into the biology of myeloma. For example, gene expression profiling is already making a contribution to enhanced understanding of the biology of the disease whilst Next Generation Sequencing has revealed great genomic complexity and heterogeneity. Pathways involved in the oncogenesis, proliferation of the tumour and its resistance to apoptosis are being unravelled. Furthermore, knowledge of the tumour cell surface and its interactions with bystander cells and the bone marrow stroma enhance this understanding and provide novel targets for cell and antibody-based therapies. This review will discuss the development in understanding of the biology of the tumour cell and its environment in the bone marrow, the implementation of new therapeutic options contributing to significantly improved outcomes, and the progression towards more personalised medicine in this disorder.
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48
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Nikesitch N, Tao C, Lai K, Killingsworth M, Bae S, Wang M, Harrison S, Roberts TL, Ling SCW. Predicting the response of multiple myeloma to the proteasome inhibitor Bortezomib by evaluation of the unfolded protein response. Blood Cancer J 2016; 6:e432. [PMID: 27284736 PMCID: PMC5141355 DOI: 10.1038/bcj.2016.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- N Nikesitch
- Ingham Institute of Applied Medical Research, SWS Clinical School, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, New South Wales, Australia.,Haematology Research Group, SWS Clinical School, University of NSW, Western Sydney University, Ingham Institute of Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia
| | - C Tao
- Haematology Research Group, SWS Clinical School, University of NSW, Western Sydney University, Ingham Institute of Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Haematology, Sydney South West Pathology Service, NSW Health Pathology, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia
| | - K Lai
- Anatomical Pathology NSWHP, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia.,Cancer Pathology and Cell Biology, Ingham Institute of Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia
| | - M Killingsworth
- Ingham Institute of Applied Medical Research, SWS Clinical School, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, New South Wales, Australia.,Anatomical Pathology NSWHP, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia.,Cancer Pathology and Cell Biology, Ingham Institute of Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia
| | - S Bae
- Haematology Research Group, SWS Clinical School, University of NSW, Western Sydney University, Ingham Institute of Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia
| | - M Wang
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - S Harrison
- Department of Cancer Medicine, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - T L Roberts
- School of Medicine, SWS Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia.,University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, Queensland, Australia.,Medical Oncology, SWS Clinical School, Ingham Institute of Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia
| | - S C W Ling
- Ingham Institute of Applied Medical Research, SWS Clinical School, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, New South Wales, Australia.,Haematology Research Group, SWS Clinical School, University of NSW, Western Sydney University, Ingham Institute of Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Haematology, Sydney South West Pathology Service, NSW Health Pathology, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Medicine, SWS Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
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