1
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Barekzai J, Refflinghaus L, Okpara M, Tasto L, Tertel T, Giebel B, Czermak P, Salzig D. Process development for the production of mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles in conventional 2D systems. Cytotherapy 2024; 26:999-1012. [PMID: 38819363 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2024.04.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, the importance of extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) has increased significantly. For their widespread use, a standardized EV manufacturing is needed which often includes conventional, static 2D systems. For these system critical process parameters need to be determined. METHODS We studied the impact of process parameters on MSC proliferation, MSC-derived particle production including EVs, EV- and MSC-specific marker expression, and particle functionality in a HaCaT cell migration assay. RESULTS We found that cell culture growth surface and media affected MSCs and their secretory behavior. Interestingly, the materials that promoted MSC proliferation did not necessarily result in the most functional MSC-derived particles. In addition, we found that MSCs seeded at 4 × 103 cells cm-2 produced particles with improved functional properties compared to higher seeding densities. MSCs in a highly proliferative state did not produce the most particles, although these particles were significantly more effective in promoting HaCaT cell migration. The same correlation was found when investigating the cultivation temperature. A physiological temperature of 37°C was not optimal for particle yield, although it resulted in the most functional particles. We observed a proliferation-associated particle production and found potential correlations between particle production and glucose consumption, enabling the estimation of final particle yields. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that parameters, which must be defined prior to each individual cultivation and do not require complex and expensive equipment, can significantly increase MSC-derived particle production including EVs. Integrating these parameters into a standardized EV process development paves the way for robust and efficient EV manufacturing for early clinical phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Barekzai
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Laura Refflinghaus
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Maduwuike Okpara
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Lars Tasto
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Tobias Tertel
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Bernd Giebel
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Peter Czermak
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen, Giessen, Germany; Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Giessen Germany
| | - Denise Salzig
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen, Giessen, Germany; Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Giessen Germany.
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2
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Marima R, Basera A, Miya T, Damane BP, Kandhavelu J, Mirza S, Penny C, Dlamini Z. Exosomal long non-coding RNAs in cancer: Interplay, modulation, and therapeutic avenues. Noncoding RNA Res 2024; 9:887-900. [PMID: 38616862 PMCID: PMC11015109 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2024.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
In the intricate field of cancer biology, researchers are increasingly intrigued by the emerging role of exosomal long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) due to their multifaceted interactions, complex modulation mechanisms, and potential therapeutic applications. These exosomal lncRNAs, carried within extracellular vesicles, play a vital partin tumorigenesis and disease progression by facilitating communication networks between tumor cells and their local microenvironment, making them an ideal candidates for use in a liquid biopsy approach. However, exosomal lncRNAs remain an understudied area, especially in cancer biology. Therefore this review aims to comprehensively explore the dynamic interplay between exosomal lncRNAs and various cellular components, including interactions with tumor-stroma, immune modulation, and drug resistance mechanisms. Understanding the regulatory functions of exosomal lncRNAs in these processes can potentially unveil novel diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for cancer. Additionally, the emergence of RNA-based therapeutics presents exciting opportunities for targeting exosomal lncRNAs, offering innovative strategies to combat cancer progression and improve treatment outcomes. Thus, this review provides insights into the current understanding of exosomal lncRNAs in cancer biology, highlighting their crucial roles, regulatory mechanisms, and the evolving landscape of therapeutic interventions. Furthermore, we have also discussed the advantage of exosomes as therapeutic carriers of lncRNAs for the development of personalized targeted therapy for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahaba Marima
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), DSI/NRF SARChi Chair in Precision Oncology and Cancer Prevention (POCP), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Afra Basera
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), DSI/NRF SARChi Chair in Precision Oncology and Cancer Prevention (POCP), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, South Africa
- Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Steve Biko Academic Hospital, University of Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Thabiso Miya
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), DSI/NRF SARChi Chair in Precision Oncology and Cancer Prevention (POCP), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Botle Precious Damane
- Department of Surgery, Steve Biko Academic Hospital, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0028, South Africa
| | - Jeyalakshmi Kandhavelu
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Sheefa Mirza
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Parktown, 2193, South Africa
| | - Clement Penny
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Parktown, 2193, South Africa
| | - Zodwa Dlamini
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), DSI/NRF SARChi Chair in Precision Oncology and Cancer Prevention (POCP), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, South Africa
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3
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Giraulo C, Orlando L, Morretta E, Voli A, Plaitano P, Cicala C, Potaptschuk E, Müller CE, Tosco A, Monti MC, Morello S. High levels of soluble CD73 unveil resistance to BRAF inhibitors in melanoma cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:117033. [PMID: 38941889 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Melanoma cells express high levels of CD73 that produce extracellular immunosuppressive adenosine. Changes in the CD73 expression occur in response to tumor environmental factors, contributing to tumor phenotype plasticity and therapeutic resistance. Previously, we have observed that CD73 expression can be up-regulated on the surface of melanoma cells in response to nutritional stress. Here, we explore the mechanism by which melanoma cells release soluble CD73 under low nutrient availability and whether this might be affected by agents targeting the proto-oncogene B-Raf (BRAF). We found that starved melanoma cells can release high levels of CD73, able to convert AMP into adenosine, and this activity is abrogated by selective CD73 inhibitors, APCP or PSB-12489. The release of CD73 from melanoma cells is mediated by the matrix metalloproteinase MMP-9. Indeed, MMP-9 inhibitors significantly reduce the levels of CD73 released from the cells, while its surface levels increase. Of relevance, melanoma cells, harboring an activating BRAF mutation, upon treatment with dabrafenib or vemurafenib, show a strong reduction of CD73 cell expression and reduced levels of CD73 released into the extracellular space. Conversely, melanoma cells resistant to dabrafenib show high expression of membrane-bound CD73 and soluble CD73 released into the culture medium. In summary, our data indicate that CD73 is released from melanoma cells. The expression of CD73 is associated with response to BRAF inhibitors. Melanoma cells developing resistance to dabrafenib show increased expression of CD73, including soluble CD73 released from cells, suggesting that CD73 is involved in acquiring resistance to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Giraulo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, SA, Italy; PhD Program in Drug Discovery and Development, University of Salerno, Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Lavinia Orlando
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, SA, Italy; PhD Program in Drug Discovery and Development, University of Salerno, Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Elva Morretta
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Napoli, NA, Italy
| | - Antonia Voli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, SA, Italy; PhD Program in Drug Discovery and Development, University of Salerno, Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Paola Plaitano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Napoli, NA, Italy
| | - Carla Cicala
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Napoli, NA, Italy
| | - Eugen Potaptschuk
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christa E Müller
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Alessandra Tosco
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Monti
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Napoli, NA, Italy
| | - Silvana Morello
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, SA, Italy.
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4
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Zeng X, Liu H, Huang G, Wang Y, Zhou W, Wang Y, Chen X, Cheng X, Zhuang R, Li J, Fang J, Huang L, Zhang X, Guo Z. Development of Preladenant-Based Radiotracers for Imaging A 2AR in Tumors. J Med Chem 2024. [PMID: 39036887 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c01015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Activation of the adenosine 2A receptor (A2AR) can lead to tumor immunosuppression, which results in poor prognosis of immunotherapy. The aim of this study was to design novel 18F-labeled probes ([18F]F-PFP2 and [18F]F-PFP4) to visualize A2AR in the tumor. The uptake of radioprobes in A2AR-negative 4T1 breast tumor was lower than that of A2AR-positive B16F10 melanoma at 1 h p.i. (1.22 ± 0.36% ID/g vs 2.80 ± 0.72% ID/g), 2 h p.i. (1.09 ± 0.20% ID/g vs 2.93 ± 0.76% ID/g) and 3 h p.i. (0.89 ± 0.27% ID/g vs 2.73 ± 0.58% ID/g), respectively. B16F10 lung metastasis models were employed to expand the application scenarios, observing significantly higher uptake of [18F]F-PFP2 in metastatic lesions compared to normal lung tissue (5.55 ± 2.18% ID/g vs 1.89 ± 0.65% ID/g, tumor/lung ratio ∼3). It is given that [18F]F-PFP2 might lay the foundation for establishing an A2AR-targeted imaging evaluation system for tumors, which will provide more precise guidance for personalized treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyuan Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Hongwu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Guolong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yanjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Wuhao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yike Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Xuedong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Xingxing Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Rongqiang Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Jindian Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jianyang Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Lumei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Xianzhong Zhang
- Theranostics and Translational Research Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &, Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Zhide Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
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5
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Deng XC, Liang JL, Zhang SM, Wang YZ, Lin YT, Meng R, Wang JW, Feng J, Chen WH, Zhang XZ. Interference of ATP-Adenosine Axis by Engineered Biohybrid for Amplifying Immunogenic Cell Death-Mediated Antitumor Immunotherapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2405673. [PMID: 39022876 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202405673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Immunogenic cell death (ICD) often results in the production and accumulation of adenosine (ADO), a byproduct that negatively impacts the therapeutic effect as well as facilitates tumor development and metastasis. Here, an innovative strategy is elaborately developed to effectively activate ICD while avoiding the generation of immunosuppressive adenosine. Specifically, ZIF-90, an ATP-responsive consumer, is synthesized as the core carrier to encapsulate AB680 (CD73 inhibitor) and then coated with an iron-polyphenol layer to prepare the ICD inducer (AZTF), which is further grafted onto prebiotic bacteria via the esterification reaction to obtain the engineered biohybrid (Bc@AZTF). Particularly, the designed Bc@AZTF can actively enrich in tumor sites and respond to the acidic tumor microenvironment to offload AZTF nanoparticles, which can consume intracellular ATP (iATP) content and simultaneously inhibit the ATP-adenosine axis to reduce the accumulation of adenosine, thereby alleviating adenosine-mediated immunosuppression and strikingly amplifying ICD effect. Importantly, the synergy of anti-PD-1 (αPD-1) with Bc@AZTF not only establishes a collaborative antitumor immune network to potentiate effective tumoricidal immunity but also activates long-lasting immune memory effects to manage tumor recurrence and rechallenge, presenting a new paradigm for ICD treatment combined with adenosine metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Chen Deng
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, P. R. China
| | - Jun-Long Liang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, P. R. China
| | - Shi-Man Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Zhang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Tong Lin
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, P. R. China
| | - Ran Meng
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, P. R. China
| | - Jun Feng
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Hai Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, P. R. China
| | - Xian-Zheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, P. R. China
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6
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Cheng HY, Su GL, Wu YX, Chen G, Yu ZL. Extracellular vesicles in anti-tumor drug resistance: Mechanisms and therapeutic prospects. J Pharm Anal 2024; 14:100920. [PMID: 39104866 PMCID: PMC11298875 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2023.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance presents a significant challenge to achieving positive clinical outcomes in anti-tumor therapy. Prior research has illuminated reasons behind drug resistance, including increased drug efflux, alterations in drug targets, and abnormal activation of oncogenic pathways. However, there's a need for deeper investigation into the impact of drug-resistant cells on parental tumor cells and intricate crosstalk between tumor cells and the malignant tumor microenvironment (TME). Recent studies on extracellular vesicles (EVs) have provided valuable insights. EVs are membrane-bound particles secreted by all cells, mediating cell-to-cell communication. They contain functional cargoes like DNA, RNA, lipids, proteins, and metabolites from mother cells, delivered to other cells. Notably, EVs are increasingly recognized as regulators in the resistance to anti-cancer drugs. This review aims to summarize the mechanisms of EV-mediated anti-tumor drug resistance, covering therapeutic approaches like chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy and even radiotherapy. Detecting EV-based biomarkers to predict drug resistance assists in bypassing anti-tumor drug resistance. Additionally, targeted inhibition of EV biogenesis and secretion emerges as a promising approach to counter drug resistance. We highlight the importance of conducting in-depth mechanistic research on EVs, their cargoes, and functional approaches specifically focusing on EV subpopulations. These efforts will significantly advance the development of strategies to overcome drug resistance in anti-tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Yang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Guang-Liang Su
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Yu-Xuan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Gang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China
- TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Zi-Li Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China
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7
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Talebian Gevari M, Sahu SS, Stridfeldt F, Hååg P, De Petris L, Viktorsson K, Lewensohn R, Gori A, Cretich M, Dev A. Design and Optimization of a Silicon-Based Electrokinetic Microchip for Sensitive Detection of Small Extracellular Vesicles. ACS Sens 2024; 9:2935-2945. [PMID: 38848141 PMCID: PMC11217933 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c00110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Detection of analytes using streaming current has previously been explored using both experimental approaches and theoretical analyses of such data. However, further developments are needed for establishing a viable microchip that can be exploited to deliver a sensitive, robust, and scalable biosensor device. In this study, we demonstrated the fabrication of such a device on silicon wafer using a scalable silicon microfabrication technology followed by characterization and optimization of this sensor for detection of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) with sizes in the range of 30 to 200 nm, as determined by nanoparticle tracking analyses. We showed that the sensitivity of the devices, assessed by a common protein-ligand pair and sEVs, significantly outperforms previous approaches using the same principle. Two versions of the microchips, denoted as enclosed and removable-top microchips, were developed and compared, aiming to discern the importance of high-pressure measurement versus easier and better surface preparation capacity. A custom-built chip manifold allowing easy interfacing with standard microfluidic connections was also constructed. By investigating different electrical, fluidic, morphological, and fluorescence measurements, we show that while the enclosed microchip with its robust glass-silicon bonding can withstand higher pressure and thus generate higher streaming current, the removable-top configuration offers several practical benefits, including easy surface preparation, uniform probe conjugation, and improvement in the limit of detection (LoD). We further compared two common surface functionalization strategies and showed that the developed microchip can achieve both high sensitivity for membrane protein profiling and low LoD for detection of sEV detection. At the optimum working condition, we demonstrated that the microchip could detect sEVs reaching an LoD of 104 sEVs/mL (when captured by membrane-sensing peptide (MSP) probes), which is among the lowest in the so far reported microchip-based methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moein Talebian Gevari
- Division
of Solid-State Electronics, Department of Electrical Engineering, Uppsala University, 75 121 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Siddharth Sourabh Sahu
- Department
of Applied Physics, School of Engineering Sciences, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10 691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Stridfeldt
- Department
of Applied Physics, School of Engineering Sciences, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10 691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Petra Hååg
- Department
of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 64 Solna, Sweden
| | - Luigi De Petris
- Department
of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 64 Solna, Sweden
- Theme
Cancer, Medical Unit Head and Neck, Lung, and Skin Tumors, Thoracic
Oncology Center, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 64 Solna, Sweden
| | - Kristina Viktorsson
- Department
of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 64 Solna, Sweden
| | - Rolf Lewensohn
- Department
of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 64 Solna, Sweden
- Theme
Cancer, Medical Unit Head and Neck, Lung, and Skin Tumors, Thoracic
Oncology Center, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 64 Solna, Sweden
| | - Alessandro Gori
- Consiglio
Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Scienze
e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta” (SCITEC), 20131 Milan, Italy
| | - Marina Cretich
- Consiglio
Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Scienze
e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta” (SCITEC), 20131 Milan, Italy
| | - Apurba Dev
- Division
of Solid-State Electronics, Department of Electrical Engineering, Uppsala University, 75 121 Uppsala, Sweden
- Department
of Applied Physics, School of Engineering Sciences, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10 691 Stockholm, Sweden
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8
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Han Y, Dong C, Hu M, Wang X, Wang G. Unlocking the adenosine receptor mechanism of the tumour immune microenvironment. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1434118. [PMID: 38994361 PMCID: PMC11236561 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1434118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The suppressive tumour microenvironment significantly hinders the efficacy of immunotherapy in treating solid tumors. In this context, stromal cells, such as tumour-associated fibroblasts, undergo changes that include an increase in the number and function of immunosuppressive cells. Adenosine, a factor that promotes tumour growth, is produced from ATP breakdown and is markedly elevated in the tumour microenvironment. It acts through specific binding to adenosine receptors, with A2A and A2B adenosine receptor being primary drivers of immunosuppression. This paper presents the roles of various adenosine receptors in different tumour microenvironments. This review focus on the function of adenosine receptors in the stromal cells and non-cellular components of the tumour microenvironment. Additionally, we summarize and discuss recent advances and potential trends in using adenosine receptor antagonists combined with immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yecheng Han
- General Affairs Office of Shenyang Hongqiao Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Chenshuang Dong
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Department of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Mingwang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Department of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xinmiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Department of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Guiling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Department of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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9
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Zhang W, Ou M, Yang P, Ning M. The role of extracellular vesicle immune checkpoints in cancer. Clin Exp Immunol 2024; 216:230-239. [PMID: 38518192 PMCID: PMC11097917 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxae026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoints (ICPs) play a crucial role in regulating the immune response. In the tumor, malignant cells can hijack the immunosuppressive effects of inhibitory ICPs to promote tumor progression. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are produced by a variety of cells and contain bioactive molecules on their surface or within their lumen. The expression of ICPs has also been detected in EVs. In vitro and in vivo studies have shown that extracellular vesicle immune checkpoints (EV ICPs) have immunomodulatory effects and are involved in tumor immunity. EV ICPs isolated from the peripheral blood of cancer patients are closely associated with the tumor progression and the prognosis of cancer patients. Blocking inhibitory ICPs has been recognized as an effective strategy in cancer treatment. However, the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in cancer treatment is hindered by the emergence of therapeutic resistance, which limits their widespread use. Researchers have demonstrated that EV ICPs are correlated with clinical response to ICIs therapy and were involved in therapeutic resistance. Therefore, it is essential to investigate the immunomodulatory effects, underlying mechanisms, and clinical significance of EV ICPs in cancer. This review aims to comprehensively explore these aspects. We have provided a comprehensive description of the cellular origins, immunomodulatory effects, and clinical significance of EV ICPs in cancer, based on relevant studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiming Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mingrong Ou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Jiangsu, China
| | - Ping Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mingzhe Ning
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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10
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Meng L, Zhang C, Yu P. Treating cancer through modulating exosomal protein loading and function: The prospects of natural products and traditional Chinese medicine. Pharmacol Res 2024; 203:107179. [PMID: 38615876 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Exosomes, small yet vital extracellular vesicles, play an integral role in intercellular communication. They transport critical components, such as proteins, lipid bilayers, DNA, RNA, and glycans, to target cells. These vesicles are crucial in modulating the extracellular matrix and orchestrating signal transduction processes. In oncology, exosomes are pivotal in tumor growth, metastasis, drug resistance, and immune modulation within the tumor microenvironment. Exosomal proteins, noted for their stability and specificity, have garnered widespread attention. This review delves into the mechanisms of exosomal protein loading and their impact on tumor development, with a focus on the regulatory effects of natural products and traditional Chinese medicine on exosomal protein loading and function. These insights not only offer new strategies and methodologies for cancer treatment but also provide scientific bases and directions for future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Meng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Pei Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
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11
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Huang L, Yang G, Shao Y, Sun J, Yang X, Hong H, Aikemu B, Yesseyeva G, Li S, Ding C, Fan X, Zhang S, Ma J, Zheng M. Cancer-derived exosomal lncRNA SNHG3 promotes the metastasis of colorectal cancer through hnRNPC-mediating RNA stability of β-catenin. Int J Biol Sci 2024; 20:2388-2402. [PMID: 38725844 PMCID: PMC11077369 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.88313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the leading cause of death in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. By mediating intercellular communication, exosomes exhibit considerable value in regulating tumor metastasis. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are abundant in exosomes and participate in regulating tumor progression. However, it is poorly understood how the cancer-secreted exosomal lncRNAs affect CRC proliferation and metastasis. Here, by analyzing the public databases we identified a lncRNA SNHG3 and demonstrated that SNHG3 was delivered through CRC cells-derived exosomes to promote metastasis in CRC. Mechanistically, exosomal SNHG3 was internalized by CRC cells and afterward upregulated the expression of β-catenin by facilitating the intranuclear transport of hnRNPC. Consequently, the RNA stability of β-catenin was enhanced which led to the activation of EMT and metastasis of CRC cells. Our findings expand the oncogenic mechanisms of exosomal SNHG3 and identify it as a diagnostic marker for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanfei Shao
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hiju Hong
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Batuer Aikemu
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Galiya Yesseyeva
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuchun Li
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengsheng Ding
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaodong Fan
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Sen Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Junjun Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Minhua Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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12
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Winzer R, Nguyen DH, Schoppmeier F, Cortesi F, Gagliani N, Tolosa E. Purinergic enzymes on extracellular vesicles: immune modulation on the go. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1362996. [PMID: 38426088 PMCID: PMC10902224 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1362996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
An increase in the extracellular concentration of ATP as a consequence of cellular stress or cell death results in the activation of immune cells. To prevent inflammation, extracellular ATP is rapidly metabolized to adenosine, which deploys an anti-inflammatory signaling cascade upon binding to P1 receptors on immune cells. The ectonucleotidases necessary for the degradation of ATP and generation of adenosine are present on the cell membrane of many immune cells, and their expression is tightly regulated under conditions of inflammation. The discovery that extracellular vesicles (EVs) carry purinergic enzyme activity has brought forward the concept of EVs as a new player in immune regulation. Adenosine-generating EVs derived from cancer cells suppress the anti-tumor response, while EVs derived from immune or mesenchymal stem cells contribute to the restoration of homeostasis after infection. Here we will review the existing knowledge on EVs containing purinergic enzymes and molecules, and discuss the relevance of these EVs in immune modulation and their potential for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riekje Winzer
- Department of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Du Hanh Nguyen
- Department of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Felix Schoppmeier
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Filippo Cortesi
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nicola Gagliani
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eva Tolosa
- Department of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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13
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Lyu C, Sun H, Sun Z, Liu Y, Wang Q. Roles of exosomes in immunotherapy for solid cancers. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:106. [PMID: 38302430 PMCID: PMC10834551 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06494-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Although immunotherapy has made breakthrough progress, its efficacy in solid tumours remains unsatisfactory. Exosomes are the main type of extracellular vesicles that can deliver various intracellular molecules to adjacent or distant cells and organs, mediating various biological functions. Studies have found that exosomes can both activate the immune system and inhibit the immune system. The antigen and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) carried in exosomes make it possible to develop them as anticancer vaccines. Exosomes derived from blood, urine, saliva and cerebrospinal fluid can be used as ideal biomarkers in cancer diagnosis and prognosis. In recent years, exosome-based therapy has made great progress in the fields of drug transportation and immunotherapy. Here, we review the composition and sources of exosomes in the solid cancer immune microenvironment and further elaborate on the potential mechanisms and pathways by which exosomes influence immunotherapy for solid cancers. Moreover, we summarize the potential clinical application prospects of engineered exosomes and exosome vaccines in immunotherapy for solid cancers. Eventually, these findings may open up avenues for determining the potential of exosomes for diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis in solid cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Lyu
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, China
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, China
| | - Haifeng Sun
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Zhenqiang Sun
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, China.
| | - Qiming Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, China.
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14
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Ortiz A, Stavrou A, Liu S, Chen D, Shen SS, Jin C. NUPR1 packaged in extracellular vesicles promotes murine triple-negative breast cancer in a type 1 interferon-independent manner. EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES AND CIRCULATING NUCLEIC ACIDS 2024; 5:19-36. [PMID: 38405101 PMCID: PMC10887431 DOI: 10.20517/evcna.2023.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Aim This study aims to elucidate the involvement of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC)-derived extracellular vesicles in metastasis. The loss of components in the type 1 interferon (IFN1) signaling pathway has been linked to the promotion of metastasis. However, IFN1 signaling induces immunological dormancy and promotes tumorigenesis. Our hypothesis was that TNBC cells release tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (TEVs) that promote metastasis in an IFN1-independent manner. Methods Two murine TNBC models and transgenic mice were used to examine the role of IFN1 in TNBC progression to metastasis. Reserpine was employed to determine the effect of TEV education on TNBC progression and overall survival. EVs from cancer cells treated with vehicle and reserpine and from the serum of tumor-bearing mice receiving reserpine were examined to determine changes in EV release and EV content. Results TNBC cells progress to metastasis in mice lacking the IFN1-induced gene cholesterol-25 hydroxylase (CH25H) or expressing the IFNAR1S526 knock-in that cannot be downregulated. Reserpine suppresses EV release from TNBC cells in vitro and in vivo. Western blot analysis demonstrated reserpine decreased NUPR1 protein levels in EVs. RNAseq analysis demonstrated that endothelial cells lacking CH25H treated with TEVs exhibited increased NUPR1 expression that was decreased by adding reserpine with the TEVs. NUPR1 overexpression upregulated genes that mediate TEV biogenesis and incorporation. Knockdown of NUPR1 with shRNA decreased the release of TEVs. Conclusion In conclusion, our study suggests that TNBC is driven by aberrant packaging of NUPR1 into TEVs which were transferred into recipient cells to activate pro-metastatic transcription driven by NUPR1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelica Ortiz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Environmental Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10010, USA
- Department of Biomedical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Aikaterini Stavrou
- Department of Medicine, Division of Environmental Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10010, USA
| | - Shan Liu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Environmental Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10010, USA
| | - Danqi Chen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Environmental Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10010, USA
| | - Steven S. Shen
- Clinical Translational Science Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Chunyuan Jin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Environmental Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10010, USA
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15
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Asleh K, Dery V, Taylor C, Davey M, Djeungoue-Petga MA, Ouellette RJ. Extracellular vesicle-based liquid biopsy biomarkers and their application in precision immuno-oncology. Biomark Res 2023; 11:99. [PMID: 37978566 PMCID: PMC10655470 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-023-00540-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
While the field of precision oncology is rapidly expanding and more targeted options are revolutionizing cancer treatment paradigms, therapeutic resistance particularly to immunotherapy remains a pressing challenge. This can be largely attributed to the dynamic tumor-stroma interactions that continuously alter the microenvironment. While to date most advancements have been made through examining the clinical utility of tissue-based biomarkers, their invasive nature and lack of a holistic representation of the evolving disease in a real-time manner could result in suboptimal treatment decisions. Thus, using minimally-invasive approaches to identify biomarkers that predict and monitor treatment response as well as alert to the emergence of recurrences is of a critical need. Currently, research efforts are shifting towards developing liquid biopsy-based biomarkers obtained from patients over the course of disease. Liquid biopsy represents a unique opportunity to monitor intercellular communication within the tumor microenvironment which could occur through the exchange of extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs are lipid bilayer membrane nanoscale vesicles which transfer a plethora of biomolecules that mediate intercellular crosstalk, shape the tumor microenvironment, and modify drug response. The capture of EVs using innovative approaches, such as microfluidics, magnetic beads, and aptamers, allow their analysis via high throughput multi-omics techniques and facilitate their use for biomarker discovery. Artificial intelligence, using machine and deep learning algorithms, is advancing multi-omics analyses to uncover candidate biomarkers and predictive signatures that are key for translation into clinical trials. With the increasing recognition of the role of EVs in mediating immune evasion and as a valuable biomarker source, these real-time snapshots of cellular communication are promising to become an important tool in the field of precision oncology and spur the recognition of strategies to block resistance to immunotherapy. In this review, we discuss the emerging role of EVs in biomarker research describing current advances in their isolation and analysis techniques as well as their function as mediators in the tumor microenvironment. We also highlight recent lung cancer and melanoma studies that point towards their application as predictive biomarkers for immunotherapy and their potential clinical use in precision immuno-oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karama Asleh
- Atlantic Cancer Research Institute, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada.
| | - Valerie Dery
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Catherine Taylor
- Atlantic Cancer Research Institute, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Michelle Davey
- Atlantic Cancer Research Institute, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada
| | | | - Rodney J Ouellette
- Atlantic Cancer Research Institute, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada
- Dr Georges L. Dumont University Hospital, Vitalite Health Network, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada
- Beatrice Hunter Cancer Research Institute, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
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16
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Su AL, Tian CQ, Ou YJ, Bao XB, Huan XJ, Miao ZH, Wang YQ. Proteasome inhibitors reduce CD73 expression partly via decreasing p-ERK in NSCLC cells. Life Sci 2023; 332:122129. [PMID: 37769804 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Ecto-5'-nucleotidase (CD73), encoded by the NT5E gene, mediates tumor immunosuppression and has been targeted for the development of new anticancer drugs. Proteasome inhibitors impair protein degradation by inhibiting proteasome and have been used in the clinic for cancer therapy. Here we report that proteasome inhibitors reduce the protein and mRNA levels of CD73. Among 127 tested small-molecule drugs, proteasome inhibitors were found to consistently decrease the protein and mRNA levels of CD73 in NSCLC NCI-H1299 cells. This effect was further confirmed in different NSCLC cells exposed to different proteasome inhibitors. In those treated cells, the protein levels of ERK and its active form p-ERK, the vital components in the MAPK pathway, were reduced. Consistently, inhibitors of MEK and ERK, another two members of the MAPK pathway, also lowered the protein and mRNA levels of CD73. Correspondingly, treatments with fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2), an activator of the MAPK pathway, enhanced the levels of p-ERK and partly rescued the proteasome inhibitor-driven reduction of CD73 mRNA and protein in NSCLC cells. However, exogenous CD73 overexpression in murine Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cells was not lowered either in vitro or in vivo, by the treatments with proteasome inhibitors and basically, did not affect their in vitro proliferative inhibition either. In contrast, CD73 overexpression dramatically reduced the in vivo anticancer activity of Bortezomib in immunocompetent mice, with tumor growth inhibition rates from 52.18 % for LLC/vector down to 8.75 % for LLC/NT5E homografts. These findings give new insights into the anticancer mechanisms of proteasome inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Ling Su
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Cancer Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chang-Qing Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Cancer Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ying-Jie Ou
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Cancer Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xu-Bin Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Cancer Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xia-Juan Huan
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Cancer Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ze-Hong Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Cancer Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Ying-Qing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Cancer Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China.
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17
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Samain R, Maiques O, Monger J, Lam H, Candido J, George S, Ferrari N, KohIhammer L, Lunetto S, Varela A, Orgaz JL, Vilardell F, Olsina JJ, Matias-Guiu X, Sarker D, Biddle A, Balkwill FR, Eyles J, Wilkinson RW, Kocher HM, Calvo F, Wells CM, Sanz-Moreno V. CD73 controls Myosin II-driven invasion, metastasis, and immunosuppression in amoeboid pancreatic cancer cells. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadi0244. [PMID: 37851808 PMCID: PMC10584351 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi0244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a very poor prognosis because of its high propensity to metastasize and its immunosuppressive microenvironment. Using a panel of pancreatic cancer cell lines, three-dimensional (3D) invasion systems, microarray gene signatures, microfluidic devices, mouse models, and intravital imaging, we demonstrate that ROCK-Myosin II activity in PDAC cells supports a transcriptional program conferring amoeboid invasive and immunosuppressive traits and in vivo metastatic abilities. Moreover, we find that immune checkpoint CD73 is highly expressed in amoeboid PDAC cells and drives their invasive, metastatic, and immunomodulatory traits. Mechanistically, CD73 activates RhoA-ROCK-Myosin II downstream of PI3K. Tissue microarrays of human PDAC biopsies combined with bioinformatic analysis reveal that rounded-amoeboid invasive cells with high CD73-ROCK-Myosin II activity and their immunosuppressive microenvironment confer poor prognosis to patients. We propose targeting amoeboid PDAC cells as a therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remi Samain
- Centre for Tumour Microenvironment, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Oscar Maiques
- Centre for Tumour Microenvironment, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Joanne Monger
- Centre for Tumour Microenvironment, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Hoyin Lam
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kings College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
- GSK, R&D Portfolio, Strategy and Business Insights, GSK House, 980 Great West Road, Brentford, TW8 9GS, UK
| | - Juliana Candido
- Centre for Tumour Microenvironment, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
- Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB21 6GH, UK
| | - Samantha George
- Centre for Tumour Microenvironment, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Nicola Ferrari
- Tumour Microenvironment Team, The Institute of Cancer Research, 237 Fulham Road, London SW3 6JB, UK
- Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Early Respiratory and Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Leonie KohIhammer
- Centre for Tumour Microenvironment, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Sophia Lunetto
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AT, UK
| | - Adrian Varela
- Centre for Tumour Microenvironment, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Jose L. Orgaz
- Centre for Tumour Microenvironment, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols-Morreale CSIC-UAM, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Felip Vilardell
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Jorge Juan Olsina
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Xavier Matias-Guiu
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
- IRBLLEIDA, IDIBELL, University Hospita of Bellvitge, CIBERONC, Lleida, Spain
| | - Debashis Sarker
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kings College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Adrian Biddle
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AT, UK
| | - Frances R. Balkwill
- Centre for Tumour Microenvironment, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Jim Eyles
- Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB21 6GH, UK
| | | | - Hemant M. Kocher
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
- Barts and the London HPB Centre, The Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Fernando Calvo
- Tumour Microenvironment Team, The Institute of Cancer Research, 237 Fulham Road, London SW3 6JB, UK
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnologia de Cantabria, c/ Albert Einstein 22, E39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Claire M. Wells
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kings College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Victoria Sanz-Moreno
- Centre for Tumour Microenvironment, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
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18
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Chen X, Li Y, Zhou Z, Zhang Y, Chang L, Gao X, Li Q, Luo H, Westover KD, Zhu J, Wei X. Dynamic ultrasound molecular-targeted imaging of senescence in evaluation of lapatinib resistance in HER2-positive breast cancer. Cancer Med 2023; 12:19904-19920. [PMID: 37792675 PMCID: PMC10587953 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prolonged treatment of HER2+ breast cancer with lapatinib (LAP) causes cellular senescence and acquired drug resistance, which often associating with poor prognosis for patients. We aim to explore the correlation between cellular senescence and LAP resistance in HER2+ breast cancer, screen for molecular marker of reversible senescence, and construct targeted nanobubbles for ultrasound molecular imaging to dynamically evaluate LAP resistance. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, we established a new cellular model of reversible cellular senescence using LAP and HER2+ breast cancer cells and found that reversible senescence contributed to LAP resistance in HER2+ breast cancer. Then, we identified ecto-5'-nucleotidase (NT5E) as a marker of reversible senescence in HER2+ breast cancer. Based on this, we constructed NT5E-targeted nanobubbles (NT5E-FITC-NBs) as a new molecular imaging modality which could both target reversible senescent cells and be used for ultrasound imaging. NT5E-FITC-NBs showed excellent physical and imaging characteristics. As an ultrasound contrast agent, NT5E-FITC-NBs could accurately identify reversible senescent cells both in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrate that cellular senescence-based ultrasound-targeted imaging can identify reversible senescence and evaluate LAP resistance effectively in HER2+ breast cancer cells, which has the potential to improve cancer treatment outcomes by altering therapeutic strategies ahead of aggressive recurrences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Chen
- Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic UltrasonographyTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinChina
- Department of UltrasoundTianjin HospitalTianjinChina
| | - Ying Li
- Breast Cancer CenterTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinChina
| | - Zhiwei Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology and BiochemistryUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterTexasDallasUSA
| | - Yanqiu Zhang
- Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic UltrasonographyTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinChina
| | - Luchen Chang
- Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic UltrasonographyTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinChina
| | - Xiujun Gao
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Qing Li
- Cancer CenterDaping Hospital, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Hao Luo
- Cancer CenterDaping Hospital, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Kenneth D. Westover
- Department of Radiation Oncology and BiochemistryUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterTexasDallasUSA
| | - Jialin Zhu
- Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic UltrasonographyTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinChina
| | - Xi Wei
- Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic UltrasonographyTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinChina
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19
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Giraulo C, Turiello R, Orlando L, Leonardelli S, Landsberg J, Belvedere R, Rolshoven G, Müller CE, Hölzel M, Morello S. The CD73 is induced by TGF-β1 triggered by nutrient deprivation and highly expressed in dedifferentiated human melanoma. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115225. [PMID: 37517292 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
CD73 is the key enzyme in the generation of extracellular adenosine, a mediator involved in tumor progression, tumor immune escape and resistance to anti-cancer therapeutics. Microenvironmental conditions influence the expression of CD73 in tumor cells. However how CD73 expression and activity is regulated in a stress condition of lower nutrient availability are largely unknown. Our results indicate that serum starvation leads to a marked up-regulation of CD73 expression on A375 melanoma cells in a time-dependent manner. The cell-surface expression of CD73 is associated with an increased release of TGF-β1 by starved cells. Blockade of TGF-β1 receptors or TGFβ/SMAD3 signaling pathway significantly reduce the expression of CD73 induced by starvation. Treatment of cells with rTGF-β1 up-regulates the expression of CD73 in a concentration-dependent manner, confirming the role of this pathway in regulating CD73 in melanoma A375 cells. The increased expression of CD73 is associated with enhanced AMPase activity, which is selectively reduced by inhibitors of CD73 activity, APCP and PSB-12489. Pharmacological blockade of CD73 significantly inhibits invasion of melanoma cells in a transwell system. Furthermore, using multiplex immunofluorescence imaging we found that, within human melanoma metastases, tumor cells at the dedifferentiated stage show the highest CD73 protein expression. In summary, our data provide new insights into the mechanism regulating the expression/activity of CD73 in melanoma cells in a condition of lower availability of nutrients, which is a common feature of the tumor microenvironment. Within human metastatic melanoma tissues elevated protein expression of CD73 is associated with an invasive-like phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Giraulo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Roberta Turiello
- Institute of Experimental Oncology, University Hospital Bonn (UKB), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Lavinia Orlando
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, SA, Italy; PhD Program in Drug Discovery and Development, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Sonia Leonardelli
- Institute of Experimental Oncology, University Hospital Bonn (UKB), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jennifer Landsberg
- Laboratory of Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Georg Rolshoven
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christa E Müller
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Hölzel
- Institute of Experimental Oncology, University Hospital Bonn (UKB), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Silvana Morello
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, SA, Italy.
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20
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Bach N, Winzer R, Tolosa E, Fiedler W, Brauneck F. The Clinical Significance of CD73 in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11759. [PMID: 37511518 PMCID: PMC10380759 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The search for new and effective treatment targets for cancer immunotherapy is an ongoing challenge. Alongside the more established inhibitory immune checkpoints, a novel potential target is CD73. As one of the key enzymes in the purinergic signalling pathway CD73 is responsible for the generation of immune suppressive adenosine. The expression of CD73 is higher in tumours than in the corresponding healthy tissues and associated with a poor prognosis. CD73, mainly by the production of adenosine, is critical in the suppression of an adequate anti-tumour immune response, but also in promoting cancer cell proliferation, tumour growth, angiogenesis, and metastasis. The upregulation of CD73 and generation of adenosine by tumour or tumour-associated immune cells is a common resistance mechanism to many cancer treatments such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. Therefore, the inhibition of CD73 represents a new and promising approach to increase therapy efficacy. Several CD73 inhibitors have already been developed and successfully demonstrated anti-cancer activity in preclinical studies. Currently, clinical studies evaluate CD73 inhibitors in different therapy combinations and tumour entities. The initial results suggest that inhibiting CD73 could be an effective option to augment anti-cancer immunotherapeutic strategies. This review provides an overview of the rationale behind the CD73 inhibition in different treatment combinations and the role of CD73 as a prognostic marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Bach
- Department of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Riekje Winzer
- Department of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eva Tolosa
- Department of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Walter Fiedler
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, Hubertus Wald University Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Franziska Brauneck
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, Hubertus Wald University Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Mildred Scheel Cancer Career Center HaTriCS4, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
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21
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Kallinger I, Rubenich DS, Głuszko A, Kulkarni A, Spanier G, Spoerl S, Taxis J, Poeck H, Szczepański MJ, Ettl T, Reichert TE, Meier JK, Braganhol E, Ferris RL, Whiteside TL, Ludwig N. Tumor gene signatures that correlate with release of extracellular vesicles shape the immune landscape in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Clin Exp Immunol 2023; 213:102-113. [PMID: 36752300 PMCID: PMC10324554 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxad019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) evade immune responses through multiple resistance mechanisms. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by the tumor and interacting with immune cells induce immune dysfunction and contribute to tumor progression. This study evaluates the clinical relevance and impact on anti-tumor immune responses of gene signatures expressed in HNSCC and associated with EV production/release. Expression levels of two recently described gene sets were determined in The Cancer Genome Atlas Head and Neck Cancer cohort (n = 522) and validated in the GSE65858 dataset (n = 250) as well as a recently published single-cell RNA sequencing dataset (n = 18). Clustering into HPV(+) and HPV(-) patients was performed in all cohorts for further analysis. Potential associations between gene expression levels, immune cell infiltration, and patient overall survival were analyzed using GEPIA2, TISIDB, TIMER, and the UCSC Xena browser. Compared to normal control tissues, vesiculation-related genes were upregulated in HNSCC cells. Elevated gene expression levels positively correlated (P < 0.01) with increased abundance of CD4(+) T cells, macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells infiltrating tumor tissues but were negatively associated (P < 0.01) with the presence of B cells and CD8(+) T cells in the tumor. Expression levels of immunosuppressive factors NT5E and TGFB1 correlated with the vesiculation-related genes and might explain the alterations of the anti-tumor immune response. Enhanced expression levels of vesiculation-related genes in tumor tissues associates with the immunosuppressive tumor milieu and the reduced infiltration of B cells and CD8(+) T cells into the tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Kallinger
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Dominique S Rubenich
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul/Fundação Universitária do Instituto de Cardiologia (IC-FUC), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alicja Głuszko
- Chair and Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aditi Kulkarni
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Tumor Microenvironment Center, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Gerrit Spanier
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Steffen Spoerl
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Juergen Taxis
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Hendrik Poeck
- Clinic and Polyclinic for Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Regensburg and Leibniz Institute for Immunotherapy (LIT), Regensburg, Germany
| | - Mirosław J Szczepański
- Chair and Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tobias Ettl
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Torsten E Reichert
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Johannes K Meier
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Elizandra Braganhol
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul/Fundação Universitária do Instituto de Cardiologia (IC-FUC), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Robert L Ferris
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Tumor Microenvironment Center, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Theresa L Whiteside
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Nils Ludwig
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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22
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Xiong J, Chi H, Yang G, Zhao S, Zhang J, Tran LJ, Xia Z, Yang F, Tian G. Revolutionizing anti-tumor therapy: unleashing the potential of B cell-derived exosomes. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1188760. [PMID: 37342327 PMCID: PMC10277631 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1188760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
B cells occupy a vital role in the functioning of the immune system, working in tandem with T cells to either suppress or promote tumor growth within the tumor microenvironment(TME). In addition to direct cell-to-cell communication, B cells and other cells release exosomes, small membrane vesicles ranging in size from 30-150 nm, that facilitate intercellular signaling. Exosome research is an important development in cancer research, as they have been shown to carry various molecules such as major histocompatibility complex(MHC) molecules and integrins, which regulate the TME. Given the close association between TME and cancer development, targeting substances within the TME has emerged as a promising strategy for cancer therapy. This review aims to present a comprehensive overview of the contributions made by B cells and exosomes to the tumor microenvironment (TME). Additionally, we delve into the potential role of B cell-derived exosomes in the progression of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Xiong
- Department of Sports Rehabilitation, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Hao Chi
- Clinical Medical College, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Guanhu Yang
- Department of Specialty Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
| | - Songyun Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, The University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine, Vermillion, SD, United States
| | - Lisa Jia Tran
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Zhijia Xia
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Fang Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gang Tian
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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23
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Zhang M, Dai X, Xiang Y, Xie L, Sun M, Shi J. Advances in CD73 inhibitors for immunotherapy: Antibodies, synthetic small molecule compounds, and natural compounds. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 258:115546. [PMID: 37302340 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Tumors, a disease with a high mortality rate worldwide, have become a serious threat to human health. Exonucleotide-5'-nucleotidase (CD73) is an emerging target for tumor therapy. Its inhibition can significantly reduce adenosine levels in the tumor microenvironment. It has a better therapeutic effect on adenosine-induced immunosuppression. In the immune response, extracellular ATP exerts immune efficacy by activating T cells. However, dead tumor cells release excess ATP, overexpress CD39 and CD73 on the cell membrane and catabolize this ATP to adenosine. This leads to further immunosuppression. There are a number of inhibitors of CD73 currently under investigation. These include antibodies, synthetic small molecule inhibitors and a number of natural compounds with prominent roles in the anti-tumor field. However, only a small proportion of the CD73 inhibitors studied to date have successfully reached the clinical stage. Therefore, effective and safe inhibition of CD73 in oncology therapy still holds great therapeutic potential. This review summarizes the currently reported CD73 inhibitors, describes their inhibitory effects and pharmacological mechanisms, and provides a brief review of them. It aims to provide more information for further research and development of CD73 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoqin Dai
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yu Xiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Linshen Xie
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Minghan Sun
- Central of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China.
| | - Jianyou Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China.
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24
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Song R, Liu F, Ping Y, Zhang Y, Wang L. Potential non-invasive biomarkers in tumor immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: response and prognosis prediction. Biomark Res 2023; 11:57. [PMID: 37268978 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-023-00498-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have dramatically enhanced the treatment outcomes for diverse malignancies. Yet, only 15-60% of patients respond significantly. Therefore, accurate responder identification and timely ICI administration are critical issues in tumor ICI therapy. Recent rapid developments at the intersection of oncology, immunology, biology, and computer science have provided an abundance of predictive biomarkers for ICI efficacy. These biomarkers can be invasive or non-invasive, depending on the specific sample collection method. Compared with invasive markers, a host of non-invasive markers have been confirmed to have superior availability and accuracy in ICI efficacy prediction. Considering the outstanding advantages of dynamic monitoring of the immunotherapy response and the potential for widespread clinical application, we review the recent research in this field with the aim of contributing to the identification of patients who may derive the greatest benefit from ICI therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixia Song
- Biotherapy Center and Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Tumor Immunology and Biotherapy, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Fengsen Liu
- Biotherapy Center and Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Tumor Immunology and Biotherapy, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yu Ping
- Biotherapy Center and Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Biotherapy Center and Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
- Henan Key Laboratory for Tumor Immunology and Biotherapy, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Liping Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
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25
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Tutanov OS, Glass SE, Coffey RJ. Emerging connections between GPI-anchored proteins and their extracellular carriers in colorectal cancer. EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES AND CIRCULATING NUCLEIC ACIDS 2023; 4:195-217. [PMID: 37840781 PMCID: PMC10569057 DOI: 10.20517/evcna.2023.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Although extracellular vesicles (EVs) were discovered over 40 years ago, there has been a resurgence of interest in secreted vesicles and their attendant cargo as novel modes of intracellular communication. In addition to vesicles, two amembranous nanoparticles, exomeres and supermeres, have been isolated and characterized recently. In this rapidly expanding field, it has been challenging to assign cargo and specific functions to a particular carrier. Refinement of isolation methods, well-controlled studies, and guidelines detailed by Minimal Information for Studies of Extracellular Vesicles (MISEV) are being employed to "bring order to chaos." In this review, we will briefly summarize three types of extracellular carriers - small EVs (sEVs), exomeres, and supermeres - in the context of colorectal cancer (CRC). We found that a number of GPI-anchored proteins (GPI-APs) are overexpressed in CRC, are enriched in exosomes (a distinct subset of sEVs), and can be detected in exomeres and supermeres. This affords the opportunity to elaborate on GPI-AP biogenesis, modifications, and trafficking using DPEP1, a GPI-AP upregulated in CRC, as a prime example. We have cataloged the GPI-anchored proteins secreted in CRC and will highlight features of select CRC-associated GPI-anchored proteins we have detected. Finally, we will discuss the remaining challenges and future opportunities in studying these secreted GPI-APs in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg S. Tutanov
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA
| | - Sarah E. Glass
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA
| | - Robert J. Coffey
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA
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26
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Ziogas DC, Theocharopoulos C, Lialios PP, Foteinou D, Koumprentziotis IA, Xynos G, Gogas H. Beyond CTLA-4 and PD-1 Inhibition: Novel Immune Checkpoint Molecules for Melanoma Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:2718. [PMID: 37345056 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15102718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
More than ten years after the approval of ipilimumab, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) against PD-1 and CTLA-4 have been established as the most effective treatment for locally advanced or metastatic melanoma, achieving durable responses either as monotherapies or in combinatorial regimens. However, a considerable proportion of patients do not respond or experience early relapse, due to multiple parameters that contribute to melanoma resistance. The expression of other immune checkpoints beyond the PD-1 and CTLA-4 molecules remains a major mechanism of immune evasion. The recent approval of anti-LAG-3 ICI, relatlimab, in combination with nivolumab for metastatic disease, has capitalized on the extensive research in the field and has highlighted the potential for further improvement of melanoma prognosis by synergistically blocking additional immune targets with new ICI-doublets, antibody-drug conjugates, or other novel modalities. Herein, we provide a comprehensive overview of presently published immune checkpoint molecules, including LAG-3, TIGIT, TIM-3, VISTA, IDO1/IDO2/TDO, CD27/CD70, CD39/73, HVEM/BTLA/CD160 and B7-H3. Beginning from their immunomodulatory properties as co-inhibitory or co-stimulatory receptors, we present all therapeutic modalities targeting these molecules that have been tested in melanoma treatment either in preclinical or clinical settings. Better understanding of the checkpoint-mediated crosstalk between melanoma and immune effector cells is essential for generating more effective strategies with augmented immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios C Ziogas
- First Department of Medicine, Laiko General Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Charalampos Theocharopoulos
- First Department of Medicine, Laiko General Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis-Petros Lialios
- First Department of Medicine, Laiko General Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitra Foteinou
- First Department of Medicine, Laiko General Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis-Alexios Koumprentziotis
- First Department of Medicine, Laiko General Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Xynos
- First Department of Medicine, Laiko General Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Helen Gogas
- First Department of Medicine, Laiko General Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
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27
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Salazar A, Chavarria V, Flores I, Ruiz S, Pérez de la Cruz V, Sánchez-García FJ, Pineda B. Abscopal Effect, Extracellular Vesicles and Their Immunotherapeutic Potential in Cancer Treatment. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28093816. [PMID: 37175226 PMCID: PMC10180522 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The communication between tumor cells and the microenvironment plays a fundamental role in the development, growth and further immune escape of the tumor. This communication is partially regulated by extracellular vesicles which can direct the behavior of surrounding cells. In recent years, it has been proposed that this feature could be applied as a potential treatment against cancer, since several studies have shown that tumors treated with radiotherapy can elicit a strong enough immune response to eliminate distant metastasis; this phenomenon is called the abscopal effect. The mechanism behind this effect may include the release of extracellular vesicles loaded with damage-associated molecular patterns and tumor-derived antigens which activates an antigen-specific immune response. This review will focus on the recent discoveries in cancer cell communications via extracellular vesicles and their implication in tumor development, as well as their potential use as an immunotherapeutic treatment against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleli Salazar
- Neuroimmunology and Neuro-Oncology Unit, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery "Manuel Velasco Suárez", Mexico City 14269, Mexico
| | - Víctor Chavarria
- Neuroimmunology and Neuro-Oncology Unit, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery "Manuel Velasco Suárez", Mexico City 14269, Mexico
- Immunoregulation Lab, Department of Immunology, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
| | - Itamar Flores
- Neuroimmunology and Neuro-Oncology Unit, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery "Manuel Velasco Suárez", Mexico City 14269, Mexico
| | - Samanta Ruiz
- Neuroimmunology and Neuro-Oncology Unit, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery "Manuel Velasco Suárez", Mexico City 14269, Mexico
| | - Verónica Pérez de la Cruz
- Neurobiochemistry and Behavior Laboratory, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery "Manuel Velasco Suárez", Mexico City 14269, Mexico
| | | | - Benjamin Pineda
- Neuroimmunology and Neuro-Oncology Unit, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery "Manuel Velasco Suárez", Mexico City 14269, Mexico
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Ping Y, Shan J, Liu Y, Liu F, Wang L, Liu Z, Li J, Yue D, Wang L, Chen X, Zhang Y. Taurine enhances the antitumor efficacy of PD-1 antibody by boosting CD8 + T cell function. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2023; 72:1015-1027. [PMID: 36261540 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-022-03308-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 03/20/2023]
Abstract
The functional state of CD8+ T cells determines the therapeutic efficacy of PD-1 blockade antibodies in tumors. Amino acids are key nutrients for maintaining T cell antitumor immunity. In this study, we used samples from lung cancer patients treated with PD-1 blockade antibodies to assay the amino acids in their serum by mass spectrometry. We found that lung cancer patients with high serum taurine levels generally responded to PD-1 blockade antibody therapy, in parallel with the secretion of high levels of cytotoxic cytokines (IFN-γ and TNF-α). CD8+ T cells cultured with exogenous taurine exhibited decreased apoptosis, enhanced proliferation, and increased secretion of cytotoxic cytokines. High SLC6A6 expression in CD8+ T cells was positively associated with an effector T cell signature. SLC6A6 knockdown limited the function and proliferation of CD8+ T cells. RNA sequencing revealed that SLC6A6 knockdown altered the calcium signaling pathway, oxidative phosphorylation, and T cell receptor signaling in CD8+ T cells. Furthermore, taurine enhanced T cell proliferation and function in vitro by stimulation of PLCγ1-mediated calcium and MAPK signaling. Taurine plus immune checkpoint blockade antibody significantly attenuated tumor growth and markedly improved the function and proliferation of CD8+ T cells in a mouse tumor model. Thus, our findings indicate that taurine is an important driver for improving CD8+ T cell immune responses and could serve as a potential therapeutic agent for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ping
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jiqi Shan
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yaqing Liu
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Fengsen Liu
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Liuya Wang
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhangnan Liu
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jieyao Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Dongli Yue
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Liping Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xinfeng Chen
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
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Gelsleichter NE, Azambuja JH, Rubenich DS, Braganhol E. CD73 in glioblastoma: Where are we now and what are the future directions? Immunol Lett 2023; 256-257:20-27. [PMID: 36958430 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2023.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GB) is the most aggressive type of brain tumor with heterogeneity, strong invasive ability, and high resistance to therapy due to immunosuppressive mechanisms. CD73 is an overexpressed enzyme in GB acts via two main mechanisms:(1) CD73 acts as an adhesion protein independent of the enzymatic activity or (2) via the catalyses of AMP to adenosine (ADO) generating a strong modulatory molecule that induces alterations in the tumor cells and in the tumor microenvironment cells (TME). Taken together, CD73 is receiving attention during the last years and studies demonstrated its dual potential benefit as a target to GB therapy. Here, we review the roles of CD73 and P1 receptors (ADO receptors) in GB, the impact of CD73 in the immune interactions between tumor and other immune cells, the proposed therapeutic strategies based on CD73 regulation, and discuss the gap in knowledge and further directions to bring this approach from preclinical to clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolly Espindola Gelsleichter
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliana Hofstätter Azambuja
- Department of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Dominique Santos Rubenich
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Elizandra Braganhol
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul/Fundação Universitária do Instituto de Cardiologia (IC-FUC), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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30
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Huang PS, Wang LY, Wang YW, Tsai MM, Lin TK, Liao CJ, Yeh CT, Lin KH. Evaluation and Application of Drug Resistance by Biomarkers in the Clinical Treatment of Liver Cancer. Cells 2023; 12:cells12060869. [PMID: 36980210 PMCID: PMC10047572 DOI: 10.3390/cells12060869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is one of the most lethal cancers in the world, mainly owing to the lack of effective means for early monitoring and treatment. Accordingly, there is considerable research interest in various clinically applicable methods for addressing these unmet needs. At present, the most commonly used biomarker for the early diagnosis of liver cancer is alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), but AFP is sensitive to interference from other factors and cannot really be used as the basis for determining liver cancer. Treatment options in addition to liver surgery (resection, transplantation) include radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy. However, even more expensive targeted drug therapies have a limited impact on the clinical outcome of liver cancer. One of the big reasons is the rapid emergence of drug resistance. Therefore, in addition to finding effective biomarkers for early diagnosis, an important focus of current discussions is on how to effectively adjust and select drug strategies and guidelines for the treatment of liver cancer patients. In this review, we bring this thought process to the drug resistance problem faced by different treatment strategies, approaching it from the perspective of gene expression and molecular biology and the possibility of finding effective solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Shuan Huang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (P.-S.H.); (C.-J.L.)
| | - Ling-Yu Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wen Wang
- School of Nursing, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
| | - Ming-Ming Tsai
- Department of Nursing, Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
- Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of General Surgery, New Taipei Municipal Tu Cheng Hospital, New Taipei 236, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Kang Lin
- Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan;
- Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, New Taipei City 24352, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jung Liao
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (P.-S.H.); (C.-J.L.)
| | - Chau-Ting Yeh
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
| | - Kwang-Huei Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (P.-S.H.); (C.-J.L.)
- Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +886-3-2118263
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31
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Gao Z, Bai Y, Lin A, Jiang A, Zhou C, Cheng Q, Liu Z, Chen X, Zhang J, Luo P. Gamma delta T-cell-based immune checkpoint therapy: attractive candidate for antitumor treatment. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:31. [PMID: 36793048 PMCID: PMC9930367 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01722-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
As a nontraditional T-cell subgroup, γδT cells have gained popularity in the field of immunotherapy in recent years. They have extraordinary antitumor potential and prospects for clinical application. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), which are efficacious in tumor patients, have become pioneer drugs in the field of tumor immunotherapy since they were incorporated into clinical practice. In addition, γδT cells that have infiltrated into tumor tissues are found to be in a state of exhaustion or anergy, and there is upregulation of many immune checkpoints (ICs) on their surface, suggesting that γδT cells have a similar ability to respond to ICIs as traditional effector T cells. Studies have shown that targeting ICs can reverse the dysfunctional state of γδT cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and exert antitumor effects by improving γδT-cell proliferation and activation and enhancing cytotoxicity. Clarification of the functional state of γδT cells in the TME and the mechanisms underlying their interaction with ICs will solidify ICIs combined with γδT cells as a good treatment option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifei Gao
- grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471The Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282 People’s Republic of China ,grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471The Second Clinical Medical School, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yifeng Bai
- grid.54549.390000 0004 0369 4060The Department of Oncology, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731 China
| | - Anqi Lin
- grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471The Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282 People’s Republic of China
| | - Aimin Jiang
- grid.73113.370000 0004 0369 1660The Department of Urology, Changhai hospital, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China
| | - Chaozheng Zhou
- grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471The Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282 People’s Republic of China ,grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471The First Clinical Medical School, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Quan Cheng
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164The Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan China ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zaoqu Liu
- grid.412633.10000 0004 1799 0733The Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan China
| | - Xin Chen
- The Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jian Zhang
- The Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510282, People's Republic of China.
| | - Peng Luo
- The Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510282, People's Republic of China.
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32
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Surman M, Jankowska U, Wilczak M, Przybyło M. Similarities and Differences in the Protein Composition of Cutaneous Melanoma Cells and Their Exosomes Identified by Mass Spectrometry. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041097. [PMID: 36831440 PMCID: PMC9954195 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Intercellular transport of proteins mediated by extracellular vesicles (EVs)-exosomes and ectosomes-is one of the factors facilitating carcinogenesis. Therefore, the research on protein cargo of melanoma-derived EVs may provide a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in melanoma progression and contribute to the development of alternative biomarkers. Proteomic data on melanoma-derived EVs are very limited. The shotgun nanoLC-MS/MS approach was applied to analyze the protein composition of primary (WM115, WM793) and metastatic (WM266-4, WM1205Lu) cutaneous melanoma cells and exosomes released by them. All cells secreted homogeneous populations of exosomes that shared a characteristic set of proteins. In total, 3514 and 1234 unique proteins were identified in melanoma cells and exosomes, respectively. Gene ontology analysis showed enrichment in several cancer-related categories, including cell proliferation, migration, negative regulation of apoptosis, and angiogenesis. The obtained results broaden our knowledge on the role of selected proteins in exosome biology, as well as their functional role in the development and progression of cutaneous melanoma. The results may also inspire future studies on the clinical potential of exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Surman
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Urszula Jankowska
- Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Magdalena Wilczak
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University, 30-348 Krakow, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Przybyło
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-12-664-6462
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Kluszczynska K, Czyz M. Extracellular Vesicles-Based Cell-Cell Communication in Melanoma: New Perspectives in Diagnostics and Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24020965. [PMID: 36674479 PMCID: PMC9865538 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24020965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous group of cell-secreted particles that carry cargo of functional biomolecules crucial for cell-to-cell communication with both physiological and pathophysiological consequences. In this review, we focus on evidence demonstrating that the EV-mediated crosstalk between melanoma cells within tumor, between melanoma cells and immune and stromal cells, promotes immune evasion and influences all steps of melanoma development from local progression, pre-metastatic niche formation, to metastatic colonization of distant organs. We also discuss the role of EVs in the development of resistance to immunotherapy and therapy with BRAFV600/MEK inhibitors, and shortly summarize the recent advances on the potential applications of EVs in melanoma diagnostics and therapy.
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34
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Zhang C, Wang L, Xu C, Xu H, Wu Y. Resistance mechanisms of immune checkpoint inhibition in lymphoma: Focusing on the tumor microenvironment. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1079924. [PMID: 36959853 PMCID: PMC10027765 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1079924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized the therapeutic strategies of multiple types of malignancies including lymphoma. However, efficiency of ICIs varies dramatically among different lymphoma subtypes, and durable response can only be achieved in a minority of patients, thus requiring unveiling the underlying mechanisms of ICI resistance to optimize the individualized regimens and improve the treatment outcomes. Recently, accumulating evidence has identified potential prognostic factors for ICI therapy, including tumor mutation burden and tumor microenvironment (TME). Given the distinction between solid tumors and hematological malignancies in terms of TME, we here review the clinical updates of ICIs for lymphoma, and focus on the underlying mechanisms for resistance induced by TME, which play important roles in lymphoma and remarkably influence its sensitivity to ICIs. Particularly, we highlight the value of multiple cell populations (e.g., tumor infiltrating lymphocytes, M2 tumor-associated macrophages, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells) and metabolites (e.g., indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase and adenosine) in the TME as prognostic biomarkers for ICI response, and also underline additional potential targets in immunotherapy, such as EZH2, LAG-3, TIM-3, adenosine, and PI3Kδ/γ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlan Zhang
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Leiming Wang
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Center for transnational medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Caigang Xu
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Heng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Research Center of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Heng Xu, ; Yu Wu,
| | - Yu Wu
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Heng Xu, ; Yu Wu,
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Decoding Roles of Exosomal lncRNAs in Tumor-Immune Regulation and Therapeutic Potential. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010286. [PMID: 36612282 PMCID: PMC9818565 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are nanovesicles secreted into biofluids by various cell types and have been implicated in different physiological and pathological processes. Interestingly, a plethora of studies emphasized the mediating role of exosomes in the bidirectional communication between donor and recipient cells. Among the various cargoes of exosomes, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified as crucial regulators between cancer cells and immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) that can interfere with innate and adaptive immune responses to affect the therapeutic efficiency. Recently, a few major studies have focused on the exosomal lncRNA-mediated interaction between cancer cells and immune cells infiltrated into TME. Nevertheless, a dearth of studies pertains to the immune regulating role of exosomal lncRNAs in cancer and is still in the early stages. Comprehensive mechanisms of exosomal lncRNAs in tumor immunity are not well understood. Herein, we provide an overview of the immunomodulatory function of exosomal lncRNAs in cancer and treatment resistance. In addition, we also summarize the potential therapeutic strategies toward exosomal lncRNAs in TME.
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36
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The Roles of MiRNAs (MicroRNAs) in Melanoma Immunotherapy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314775. [PMID: 36499102 PMCID: PMC9736803 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the most aggressive form of skin cancer, characterized by life-threatening and rapidly spreading progression. Traditional targeted therapy can alleviate tumors by inactivating hyperactive kinases such as BRAF or MEK but inevitably encounters drug resistance. The advent of immunotherapy has revolutionized melanoma treatment and significantly improved the prognosis of melanoma patients. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are intricately involved in innate and adaptive immunity and are implicated in melanoma immunotherapy. This systematic review describes the roles of miRNAs in regulating the functions of immune cells in skin and melanoma, as well as the involvement of miRNAs in pharmacology including the effect, resistance and immune-related adverse events of checkpoint inhibitors such as PD-1 and CTLA-4 inhibitors, which are used for treating cutaneous, uveal and mucosal melanoma. The expressions and functions of miRNAs in immunotherapy employing tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and Toll-like receptor 9 agonists are also discussed. The prospect of innovative therapeutic strategies such as the combined administration of miRNAs and immune checkpoint inhibitors and the nanotechnology-based delivery of miRNAs are also provided. A comprehensive understanding of the interplay between miRNAs and immunotherapy is crucial for the discovery of reliable biomarkers and for the development of novel miRNA-based therapeutics against melanoma.
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37
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Molecular Docking and Intracellular Translocation of Extracellular Vesicles for Efficient Drug Delivery. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232112971. [PMID: 36361760 PMCID: PMC9659046 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232112971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, mediate intercellular communication by delivering their contents, such as nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids, to distant target cells. EVs play a role in the progression of several diseases. In particular, programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) levels in exosomes are associated with cancer progression. Furthermore, exosomes are being used for new drug-delivery systems by modifying their membrane peptides to promote their intracellular transduction via micropinocytosis. In this review, we aim to show that an efficient drug-delivery system and a useful therapeutic strategy can be established by controlling the molecular docking and intracellular translocation of exosomes. We summarise the mechanisms of molecular docking of exosomes, the biological effects of exosomes transmitted into target cells, and the current state of exosomes as drug delivery systems.
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38
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Zanoni M, Pegoraro A, Adinolfi E, De Marchi E. Emerging roles of purinergic signaling in anti-cancer therapy resistance. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1006384. [PMID: 36200041 PMCID: PMC9527280 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1006384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a complex disease with a rapid growing incidence and often characterized by a poor prognosis. Although impressive advances have been made in cancer treatments, resistance to therapy remains a critical obstacle for the improvement of patients outcome. Current treatment approaches as chemo-, radio-, and immuno-therapy deeply affect the tumor microenvironment (TME), inducing an extensive selective pressure on cancer cells through the activation of the immune system, the induction of cell death and the release of inflammatory and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPS), including nucleosides (adenosine) and nucleotides (ATP and ADP). To survive in this hostile environment, resistant cells engage a variety of mitigation pathways related to metabolism, DNA repair, stemness, inflammation and resistance to apoptosis. In this context, purinergic signaling exerts a pivotal role being involved in mitochondrial function, stemness, inflammation and cancer development. The activity of ATP and adenosine released in the TME depend upon the repertoire of purinergic P2 and adenosine receptors engaged, as well as, by the expression of ectonucleotidases (CD39 and CD73) on tumor, immune and stromal cells. Besides its well established role in the pathogenesis of several tumors and in host–tumor interaction, purinergic signaling has been recently shown to be profoundly involved in the development of therapy resistance. In this review we summarize the current advances on the role of purinergic signaling in response and resistance to anti-cancer therapies, also describing the translational applications of combining conventional anticancer interventions with therapies targeting purinergic signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Zanoni
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Meldola, Italy
- *Correspondence: Michele Zanoni,
| | - Anna Pegoraro
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Elena Adinolfi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Elena De Marchi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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Antoranz A, Van Herck Y, Bolognesi MM, Lynch SM, Rahman A, Gallagher WM, Boecxstaens V, Marine JC, Cattoretti G, van den Oord JJ, De Smet F, Bechter O, Bosisio FM. Mapping the Immune Landscape in Metastatic Melanoma Reveals Localized Cell-Cell Interactions That Predict Immunotherapy Response. Cancer Res 2022; 82:3275-3290. [PMID: 35834277 PMCID: PMC9478533 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-22-0363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
While immune checkpoint-based immunotherapy (ICI) shows promising clinical results in patients with cancer, only a subset of patients responds favorably. Response to ICI is dictated by complex networks of cellular interactions between malignant and nonmalignant cells. Although insights into the mechanisms that modulate the pivotal antitumoral activity of cytotoxic T cells (Tcy) have recently been gained, much of what has been learned is based on single-cell analyses of dissociated tumor samples, resulting in a lack of critical information about the spatial distribution of relevant cell types. Here, we used multiplexed IHC to spatially characterize the immune landscape of metastatic melanoma from responders and nonresponders to ICI. Such high-dimensional pathology maps showed that Tcy gradually evolve toward an exhausted phenotype as they approach and infiltrate the tumor. Moreover, a key cellular interaction network functionally linked Tcy and PD-L1+ macrophages. Mapping the respective spatial distributions of these two cell populations predicted response to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy with high confidence. These results suggest that baseline measurements of the spatial context should be integrated in the design of predictive biomarkers to identify patients likely to benefit from ICI. SIGNIFICANCE This study shows that spatial characterization can address the challenge of finding efficient biomarkers, revealing that localization of macrophages and T cells in melanoma predicts patient response to ICI. See related commentary by Smalley and Smalley, p. 3198.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asier Antoranz
- Translational Cell and Tissue Research, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Belgium, Leuven
| | - Yannick Van Herck
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Belgium, Leuven
| | - Maddalena M. Bolognesi
- Pathology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Seodhna M. Lynch
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Arman Rahman
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - William M. Gallagher
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Veerle Boecxstaens
- Department of Surgical Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jean-Christophe Marine
- Laboratory for Molecular Cancer Biology, VIB/KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium.,Laboratory for Molecular Cancer Biology, Oncology Department, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Giorgio Cattoretti
- Pathology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Joost J. van den Oord
- Translational Cell and Tissue Research, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Belgium, Leuven
| | - Frederik De Smet
- Translational Cell and Tissue Research, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Belgium, Leuven
| | - Oliver Bechter
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Belgium, Leuven
| | - Francesca M. Bosisio
- Translational Cell and Tissue Research, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Belgium, Leuven.,Corresponding Author: Francesca M Bosisio, Laboratory of Translational Cell and Tissue Research, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, Leuven 3000, Belgium. Phone: 321-632-9965; E-mail:
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40
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Tang Q, Yang S, He G, Zheng H, Zhang S, Liu J, Wei S, Fan Q, Peng X, Li X, Zhang D, Yang L, Li H. Tumor-derived exosomes in the cancer immune microenvironment and cancer immunotherapy. Cancer Lett 2022; 548:215823. [PMID: 35835409 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.215823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Tumor-derived exosomes (TDEs) are key immune regulators in the tumor microenvironment. They have been shown to reshape the immune microenvironment and prevent antitumor immune responses via their immunosuppressive cargo, thereby determining responsiveness to cancer therapy. By delivering suppressive cargo to the immune cells, TDEs directly or indirectly influence the functions and antitumor activities of immune cells. TDE-based therapy is emerging as a cutting-edge and promising strategy for inhibiting tumor progression or enhancing antitumor immunity. Therefore, in this study, we reviewed the mechanism by which TDEs regulate immune cells and their applications in immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiushi Tang
- Chinese Journal of Practical Surgery, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Shuo Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China; Shenyang Clinical Medical Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Health Management of Early Digestive Cancer, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Guangpeng He
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China; Shenyang Clinical Medical Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Health Management of Early Digestive Cancer, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Hongyu Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China; Shenyang Clinical Medical Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Health Management of Early Digestive Cancer, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China; Shenyang Clinical Medical Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Health Management of Early Digestive Cancer, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Jiaxing Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China; Shenyang Clinical Medical Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Health Management of Early Digestive Cancer, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Shibo Wei
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China; Shenyang Clinical Medical Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Health Management of Early Digestive Cancer, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Qing Fan
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China; Shenyang Clinical Medical Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Health Management of Early Digestive Cancer, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Xueqiang Peng
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China; Shenyang Clinical Medical Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Health Management of Early Digestive Cancer, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China; Shenyang Clinical Medical Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Health Management of Early Digestive Cancer, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Dewei Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China; Shenyang Clinical Medical Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Health Management of Early Digestive Cancer, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Liang Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China; Shenyang Clinical Medical Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Health Management of Early Digestive Cancer, Shenyang, 110032, China.
| | - Hangyu Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China; Shenyang Clinical Medical Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Health Management of Early Digestive Cancer, Shenyang, 110032, China.
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Iser IC, Vedovatto S, Oliveira FD, Beckenkamp LR, Lenz G, Wink MR. The crossroads of adenosinergic pathway and epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity in cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:202-213. [PMID: 35779713 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a key mechanism related to tumor progression, invasion, metastasis, resistance to therapy and poor prognosis in several types of cancer. However, targeting EMT or partial-EMT, as well as the molecules involved in this process, has remained a challenge. Recently, the CD73 enzyme, which hydrolyzes AMP to produce adenosine (ADO), has been linked to the EMT process. This relationship is not only due to the production of the immunosuppressant ADO but also to its role as a receptor for extracellular matrix proteins, being involved in cell adhesion and migration. This article reviews the crosstalk between the adenosinergic pathway and the EMT program and the impact of this interrelation on cancer development and progression. An in silico analysis of RNAseq datasets showed that several tumor types have a significant correlation between an EMT score and NT5E (CD73) and ENTPD1 (CD39) expressions, with the strongest correlations in prostate adenocarcinoma. Furthermore, it is evident that the cooperation between EMT and adenosinergic pathway in tumor progression is context and tumor-dependent. The increased knowledge about this topic will help broaden the view to explore new treatments and therapies for different types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabele Cristiana Iser
- Department of Basics Health Sciences and Laboratory of Cell Biology, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Samlai Vedovatto
- Department of Biophysics and Center of Biotechnology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Dittrich Oliveira
- Department of Biophysics and Center of Biotechnology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Liziane Raquel Beckenkamp
- Department of Basics Health Sciences and Laboratory of Cell Biology, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Guido Lenz
- Department of Biophysics and Center of Biotechnology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Márcia Rosângela Wink
- Department of Basics Health Sciences and Laboratory of Cell Biology, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Zhang H, Cai YH, Ding Y, Zhang G, Liu Y, Sun J, Yang Y, Zhan Z, Iliuk A, Gu Z, Gu Y, Tao WA. Proteomics, Phosphoproteomics and Mirna Analysis of Circulating Extracellular Vesicles through Automated and High-Throughput Isolation. Cells 2022; 11:2070. [PMID: 35805153 PMCID: PMC9265938 DOI: 10.3390/cells11132070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases because of their rich molecular contents involved in intercellular communication, regulation, and other functions. With increasing efforts to move the field of EVs to clinical applications, the lack of a practical EV isolation method from circulating biofluids with high throughput and good reproducibility has become one of the biggest barriers. Here, we introduce a magnetic bead-based EV enrichment approach (EVrich) for automated and high-throughput processing of urine samples. Parallel enrichments can be performed in 96-well plates for downstream cargo analysis, including EV characterization, miRNA, proteomics, and phosphoproteomics analysis. We applied the instrument to a cohort of clinical urine samples to achieve reproducible identification of an average of 17,000 unique EV peptides and an average of 2800 EV proteins in each 1 mL urine sample. Quantitative phosphoproteomics revealed 186 unique phosphopeptides corresponding to 48 proteins that were significantly elevated in prostate cancer patients. Among them, multiple phosphoproteins were previously reported to associate with prostate cancer. Together, EVrich represents a universal, scalable, and simple platform for EV isolation, enabling downstream EV cargo analyses for a broad range of research and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biomedical Engineering Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; (H.Z.); (Y.-H.C.); (Y.D.); (G.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.S.); (Z.Z.); (Z.G.)
- EVLiXiR Biotech, Nanjing 210032, China
| | - Yu-Han Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biomedical Engineering Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; (H.Z.); (Y.-H.C.); (Y.D.); (G.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.S.); (Z.Z.); (Z.G.)
| | - Yajie Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biomedical Engineering Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; (H.Z.); (Y.-H.C.); (Y.D.); (G.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.S.); (Z.Z.); (Z.G.)
| | - Guiyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biomedical Engineering Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; (H.Z.); (Y.-H.C.); (Y.D.); (G.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.S.); (Z.Z.); (Z.G.)
- Bell Mountain Molecular MedTech Institute, Nanjing 210032, China
| | - Yufeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biomedical Engineering Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; (H.Z.); (Y.-H.C.); (Y.D.); (G.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.S.); (Z.Z.); (Z.G.)
- Bell Mountain Molecular MedTech Institute, Nanjing 210032, China
| | - Jie Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biomedical Engineering Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; (H.Z.); (Y.-H.C.); (Y.D.); (G.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.S.); (Z.Z.); (Z.G.)
| | - Yuchen Yang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.G.)
| | - Zhen Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biomedical Engineering Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; (H.Z.); (Y.-H.C.); (Y.D.); (G.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.S.); (Z.Z.); (Z.G.)
| | - Anton Iliuk
- Tymora Analytical Operations, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA;
| | - Zhongze Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biomedical Engineering Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; (H.Z.); (Y.-H.C.); (Y.D.); (G.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.S.); (Z.Z.); (Z.G.)
| | - Yanhong Gu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.G.)
| | - W. Andy Tao
- Tymora Analytical Operations, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA;
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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Indini A, Massi D, Pirro M, Roila F, Grossi F, Sahebkar A, Glodde N, Bald T, Mandalà M. Targeting inflamed and non-inflamed melanomas: biological background and clinical challenges. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:477-490. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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