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Bourne LE, Hesketh A, Sharma A, Bucca G, Bush PG, Staines KA. The effects of physiological and injurious hydrostatic pressure on murine ex vivo articular and growth plate cartilage explants: an RNAseq study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1278596. [PMID: 38144567 PMCID: PMC10740163 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1278596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Chondrocytes are continuously exposed to loads placed upon them. Physiological loads are pivotal to the maintenance of articular cartilage health, while abnormal loads contribute to pathological joint degradation. Similarly, the growth plate cartilage is subject to various loads during growth and development. Due to the high-water content of cartilage, hydrostatic pressure is considered one of the main biomechanical influencers on chondrocytes and has been shown to play an important role in the mechano-regulation of cartilage. Methods Herein, we conducted RNAseq analysis of ex vivo hip cap (articular), and metatarsal (growth plate) cartilage cultures subjected to physiological (5 MPa) and injurious (50 MPa) hydrostatic pressure, using the Illumina platform (n = 4 replicates). Results Several hundreds of genes were shown to be differentially modulated by hydrostatic pressure, with the majority of these changes evidenced in hip cap cartilage cultures (375 significantly upregulated and 322 downregulated in 5 MPa versus control; 1022 upregulated and 724 downregulated in 50 MPa versus control). Conversely, fewer genes were differentially affected by hydrostatic pressure in the metatarsal cultures (5 significantly upregulated and 23 downregulated in 5 MPa versus control; 7 significantly upregulated and 19 downregulated in 50 MPa versus control). Using Gene Ontology annotations for Biological Processes, in the hip cap data we identified a number of pathways that were modulated by both physiological and injurious hydrostatic pressure. Pathways upregulated in response to 50 MPa versus control, included those involved in the generation of precursor metabolites and cellular respiration. Biological processes that were downregulated in this tissue included ossification, connective tissue development, and chondrocyte differentiation. Discussion Collectively our data highlights the divergent chondrocyte phenotypes in articular and growth plate cartilage. Further, we show that the magnitude of hydrostatic pressure application has distinct effects on gene expression and biological processes in hip cap cartilage explants. Finally, we identified differential expression of a number of genes that have previously been identified as osteoarthritis risk genes, including Ctsk, and Chadl. Together these data may provide potential genetic targets for future investigations in osteoarthritis research and novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie E. Bourne
- Centre for Lifelong Health, School of Applied Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Hesketh
- Centre for Lifelong Health, School of Applied Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Aikta Sharma
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Giselda Bucca
- Centre for Lifelong Health, School of Applied Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Peter G. Bush
- Centre for Lifelong Health, School of Applied Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Katherine A. Staines
- Centre for Lifelong Health, School of Applied Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, United Kingdom
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2
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Chen N, Wu RW, Lam Y, Chan WC, Chan D. Hypertrophic chondrocytes at the junction of musculoskeletal structures. Bone Rep 2023; 19:101698. [PMID: 37485234 PMCID: PMC10359737 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2023.101698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic chondrocytes are found at unique locations at the junction of skeletal tissues, cartilage growth plate, articular cartilage, enthesis and intervertebral discs. Their role in the skeleton is best understood in the process of endochondral ossification in development and bone fracture healing. Chondrocyte hypertrophy occurs in degenerative conditions such as osteoarthritis. Thus, the role of hypertrophic chondrocytes in skeletal biology and pathology is context dependent. This review will focus on hypertrophic chondrocytes in endochondral ossification, in which they exist in a transient state, but acting as a central regulator of differentiation, mineralization, vascularization and conversion to bone. The amazing journey of a chondrocyte from being entrapped in the extracellular matrix environment to becoming proliferative then hypertrophic will be discussed. Recent studies on the dynamic changes and plasticity of hypertrophic chondrocytes have provided new insights into how we view these cells, not as terminally differentiated but as cells that can dedifferentiate to more progenitor-like cells in a transition to osteoblasts and adipocytes, as well as a source of skeletal stem and progenitor cells residing in the bone marrow. This will provide a foundation for studies of hypertrophic chondrocytes at other skeletal sites in development, tissue maintenance, pathology and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Chen
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Robin W.H. Wu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yan Lam
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wilson C.W. Chan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital (HKU-SZH), Shenzhen 518053, China
| | - Danny Chan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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3
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Tüysüz B, Kasap B, Sarıtaş M, Alkaya DU, Bozlak S, Kıykım A, Durmaz A, Yıldırım T, Akpınar E, Apak H, Vural M. Natural history and genetic spectrum of the Turkish metaphyseal dysplasia cohort, including rare types caused by biallelic COL10A1, COL2A1, and LBR variants. Bone 2023; 167:116614. [PMID: 36400164 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2022.116614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metaphyseal chondrodysplasias are a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by short and bowed long bones and metaphyseal abnormality. The aim of this study is to investigate the genetic etiology and prognostic findings in patients with metaphyseal dysplasia. METHODS Twenty-four Turkish patients were included in this study and 13 of them were followed for 2-21 years. COL10A1, RMRP sequencing and whole exome sequencing were performed. RESULTS Results: Seven heterozygous pathogenic variants in COL10A1 were detected in 17 patients with Schmid type metaphyseal chondrodysplasia(MCDS). The phenotype was more severe in patients with heterozygous missense variants (one in signal peptide domain at the N-terminus of the protein, the other, class-1 group mutation at NC1 domain) compared to the patients with truncating variants. Short stature and coxa vara deformity appeared after 3 and 5 years of age, respectively, while large femoral head resolved after the age of 13 years in MCDS group. Interestingly, one patient with severe phenotype also had a biallelic missense variant in NC1 domain of COL10A1. Three patients with biallelic mutations in RMRP had prenatal onset short stature with short limb, and typical findings of cartilage hair hypoplasia (CHH). While immunodeficiency or recurrent infections were not observed, resistant congenital anemia was detected in one. Biallelic mutation in LBR was described in a patient with prenatal onset short stature, short and curved limb and metaphyseal abnormalities. Unlike previously reported patients, this patient had ectodermal findings, similar to CHH. A biallelic COL2A1 mutation was also found in the patient with lower limb deformities and metaphyseal involvement without vertebral and epiphyseal changes. CONCLUSION Long-term clinical characteristics are presented in a metaphyseal dysplasia cohort, including rare types caused by biallelic COL10A1, COL2A1, and LBR variants. We also point out that the domains where mutations on COL10A1 take place are important in the genotype-phenotype relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beyhan Tüysüz
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Büşra Kasap
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Genetics, Istanbul University, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Merve Sarıtaş
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Genetics, Istanbul University, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dilek Uludağ Alkaya
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serdar Bozlak
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayça Kıykım
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Asude Durmaz
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Timur Yıldırım
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Baltalimani Bone Diseases Training and Research Center, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Evren Akpınar
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Baltalimani Bone Diseases Training and Research Center, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hilmi Apak
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Vural
- Department of Neonatology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey
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4
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Aktas SH, Taskin-Tok T, Al-Khafaji K, Akın-Balı DF. A detailed understanding of the COL10A1 and SOX9 genes interaction based on potentially damaging mutations in gastric cancer using computational techniques. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022; 40:11533-11544. [PMID: 34380365 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.1960194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) has limited effective treatment options and is followed up with biomarkers that have insufficient sensitivity and specificity. Recent studies on Collagen Type X Alpha 1 Chain (COL10A1) show that the COL10A1 gene may be a diagnostic and/or prognostic biomarker for different cancer types. Moreover, its relationship with the Sex determining Region Y (SRY)-related High-Mobility Group (HMG) box (SOX9) gene which is also a transcription factor, was discovered recently, and co-expression of these two genes are associated with the development of GC. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is no study in the literature on how potential damaging mutations in the SOX9 and COL10A1 genes can affect their interactions. The aim of this study is to investigate the interactions of wild-type and potentially damaging mutated structures of COL10A1 and SOX9 genes. Thus, outputs for drug development and therapeutic strategies for GC can be obtained. For this purpose, structure validation and energy minimization analyses as well as docking and binding affinity calculations were performed. As a result, it was found that all investigated mutations (P563S, I588L, T624A, H165R and N110T) increased the binding affinity between the COL10A1-SOX9 complex, especially the N110T and H165R mutants in SOX9. As a conclusion, the N110T and H165R mutants in SOX9 may contribute to tumor progression. Therefore, it is important to consider these mutations for future therapeutic strategies.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sedef Hande Aktas
- Vocational School of Health Services, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey.,Department of Biotechnology and Biosafety, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Science, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Tugba Taskin-Tok
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey.,Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Khattab Al-Khafaji
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
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Reilly ML, Ain NU, Muurinen M, Tata A, Huber C, Simon M, Ishaq T, Shaw N, Rusanen S, Pekkinen M, Högler W, Knapen MFCM, van den Born M, Saunier S, Naz S, Cormier-Daire V, Benmerah A, Makitie O. Biallelic KIF24 Variants Are Responsible for a Spectrum of Skeletal Disorders Ranging From Lethal Skeletal Ciliopathy to Severe Acromesomelic Dysplasia. J Bone Miner Res 2022; 37:1642-1652. [PMID: 35748595 PMCID: PMC9545074 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal dysplasias comprise a large spectrum of mostly monogenic disorders affecting bone growth, patterning, and homeostasis, and ranging in severity from lethal to mild phenotypes. This study aimed to underpin the genetic cause of skeletal dysplasia in three unrelated families with variable skeletal manifestations. The six affected individuals from three families had severe short stature with extreme shortening of forelimbs, short long-bones, and metatarsals, and brachydactyly (family 1); mild short stature, platyspondyly, and metaphyseal irregularities (family 2); or a prenatally lethal skeletal dysplasia with kidney features suggestive of a ciliopathy (family 3). Genetic studies by whole genome, whole exome, and ciliome panel sequencing identified in all affected individuals biallelic missense variants in KIF24, which encodes a kinesin family member controlling ciliogenesis. In families 1 and 3, with the more severe phenotype, the affected subjects harbored homozygous variants (c.1457A>G; p.(Ile486Val) and c.1565A>G; p.(Asn522Ser), respectively) in the motor domain which plays a crucial role in KIF24 function. In family 2, compound heterozygous variants (c.1697C>T; p.(Ser566Phe)/c.1811C>T; p.(Thr604Met)) were found C-terminal to the motor domain, in agreement with a genotype-phenotype correlation. In vitro experiments performed on amnioblasts of one affected fetus from family 3 showed that primary cilia assembly was severely impaired, and that cytokinesis was also affected. In conclusion, our study describes novel forms of skeletal dysplasia associated with biallelic variants in KIF24. To our knowledge this is the first report implicating KIF24 variants as the cause of a skeletal dysplasia, thereby extending the genetic heterogeneity and the phenotypic spectrum of rare bone disorders and underscoring the wide range of monogenetic skeletal ciliopathies. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeline Louise Reilly
- Imagine Institute, Laboratory of Inherited Kidney Diseases, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unités Mixtes de Recherche (UMR) 1163, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Noor Ul Ain
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mari Muurinen
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Alice Tata
- Imagine Institute, Laboratory of Inherited Kidney Diseases, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unités Mixtes de Recherche (UMR) 1163, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Céline Huber
- Imagine Institute, Laboratory of Molecular and Physiopathological bases of Osteochondrodysplasia, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unités Mixtes de Recherche (UMR) 1163, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Department of Genetics, Reference Centre for Skeletal Dysplasia, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Marleen Simon
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Tayyaba Ishaq
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Nick Shaw
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham, UK.,Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Minna Pekkinen
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Wolfgang Högler
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Maarten F C M Knapen
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Myrthe van den Born
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sophie Saunier
- Imagine Institute, Laboratory of Inherited Kidney Diseases, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unités Mixtes de Recherche (UMR) 1163, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Sadaf Naz
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Valérie Cormier-Daire
- Imagine Institute, Laboratory of Molecular and Physiopathological bases of Osteochondrodysplasia, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unités Mixtes de Recherche (UMR) 1163, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Department of Genetics, Reference Centre for Skeletal Dysplasia, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Benmerah
- Imagine Institute, Laboratory of Inherited Kidney Diseases, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unités Mixtes de Recherche (UMR) 1163, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Outi Makitie
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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6
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Shepherd RF, Kerns JG, Ranganath LR, Gallagher JA, Taylor AM. "Lessons from Rare Forms of Osteoarthritis". Calcif Tissue Int 2021; 109:291-302. [PMID: 34417863 PMCID: PMC8403118 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-021-00896-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most prevalent conditions in the world, particularly in the developed world with a significant increase in cases and their predicted impact as we move through the twenty-first century and this will be exacerbated by the covid pandemic. The degeneration of cartilage and bone as part of this condition is becoming better understood but there are still significant challenges in painting a complete picture to recognise all aspects of the condition and what treatment(s) are most appropriate in individual causes. OA encompasses many different types and this causes some of the challenges in fully understanding the condition. There have been examples through history where much has been learnt about common disease(s) from the study of rare or extreme phenotypes, particularly where Mendelian disorders are involved. The often early onset of symptoms combined with the rapid and aggressive pathogenesis of these diseases and their predictable outcomes give an often-under-explored resource. It is these "rarer forms of disease" that William Harvey referred to that offer novel insights into more common conditions through their more extreme presentations. In the case of OA, GWAS analyses demonstrate the multiple genes that are implicated in OA in the general population. In some of these rarer forms, single defective genes are responsible. The extreme phenotypes seen in conditions such as Camptodactyly Arthropathy-Coxa Vara-pericarditis Syndrome, Chondrodysplasias and Alkaptonuria all present potential opportunities for greater understanding of disease pathogenesis, novel therapeutic interventions and diagnostic imaging. This review examines some of the rarer presenting forms of OA and linked conditions, some of the novel discoveries made whilst studying them, and findings on imaging and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca F Shepherd
- Lancaster Medical School, Faculty of Health & Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Jemma G Kerns
- Lancaster Medical School, Faculty of Health & Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Lakshminarayan R Ranganath
- Departments of Clinical Biochemistry and Metabolic Medicine, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, L7 8XP, UK
| | - James A Gallagher
- Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 8T, UK
| | - Adam M Taylor
- Lancaster Medical School, Faculty of Health & Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK.
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7
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Ye Y, Li W, Wang G, Zhan L, Lin J, Li T, Zhang J. Identification of a novel COL10A1: c.1952 G>T variant in a family with Schmid metaphyseal chondrodysplasia and development of a noninvasive prenatal testing method. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2021; 9:e1758. [PMID: 34423584 PMCID: PMC8580095 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The collagen alpha‐1(X) chain gene (COL10A1) is a known causative gene for Schmid metaphyseal chondrodysplasia (SMCD). This study clinically examined a Chinese family (n = 42) for SMCD and inheritance pattern. Fifteen individuals were diagnosed with SMCD based on characteristic skeletal phenotypes with autosomal dominant inheritance mode. Methods Four clinically diagnosed patients and three healthy relatives were selected for subsequent genetic tests. Trio‐whole exome sequencing (Trio‐WES) followed by Sanger sequencing and familial co‐segregation analysis were performed to identify SMCD‐associated variants. Results COL10A1 (NM_000493.4):c.1952 G>T(p.Trp651Leu) variant was detected only in the four patients and not in the three healthy relatives. The variant was evaluated as “likely pathogenic” according to the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics variation classification guidelines with evidence of PM2, PM5, PP1, and PP3. To test the presence of the target variant in proband's fetal offspring, we developed a noninvasive prenatal testing method by extracting cell‐free fetal DNA in maternal plasma followed by high‐depth sequencing. The variant was also detected in the fetus and later confirmed by amniocentesis. Conclusion We identified a new disease‐causing variant in COL10A1. Cell‐free fetal DNA in maternal peripheral blood can be used as the rapid and noninvasive prenatal diagnostic method to detect the pathogenic/or likely pathogenic variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanchou Ye
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Weihao Li
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Longsheng Zhan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junwei Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tian Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Bian H, Zhu T, Liang Y, Hei R, Zhang X, Li X, Chen J, Lu Y, Gu J, Qiao L, Zheng Q. Expression Profiling and Functional Analysis of Candidate Col10a1 Regulators Identified by the TRAP Program. Front Genet 2021; 12:683939. [PMID: 34276786 PMCID: PMC8283764 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.683939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic chondrocytes and their specific marker, the type X collagen gene (Col10a1), are critical components of endochondral bone formation during skeletal development. We previously found that Runx2 is an indispensable mouse Col10a1 gene regulator and identified many other transcription factors (TFs) that potentially interact with the 150-bp Col10a1 cis-enhancer. However, the roles of these candidate TFs in Col10a1 expression and chondrocyte hypertrophy have not been elucidated. Here, we focus on 32 candidate TFs recently identified by analyzing the 150-bp Col10a1 enhancer using the transcription factor affinity prediction (TRAP) program. We found that 12 TFs (Hoxa3, Lsx, Evx2, Dlx5, S8, Pax2, Egr2, Mef2a, Barhl2, GKlf, Sox17, and Crx) were significantly upregulated and four TFs (Lhx4, Tbx5, Mef2c, and Hb9) were significantly downregulated in hypertrophic MCT cells, which show upregulation of Col10a1 expression. Most of the differential expression pattern of these TFs conformed with the results obtained from ATDC5 cell model and primary mouse chondrocytes. Notably, Tbx5 was downregulated upon Col10a1 upregulation, overexpression of Tbx5 decreased Col10a1 expression, and knock-down of Tbx5 increased Col10a1 expression in hypertrophic chondrocytes, suggesting that Tbx5 is a negative regulator of Col10a1. We further generated a stable Tbx5-overexpressing ATDC5 cell line and ColX-Tbx5 transgenic mice driven by Col10a1-specific enhancers and promoters. Tbx5 overexpression decreased Col10a1 expression in ATDC5 cells cultured as early as day 7 and in limb tissue on post-natal day 1. Slightly weaker alkaline phosphatase staining was also observed in cell culture on day 7 and in limb digits on embryonic day 17.5, indicating mildly delayed ossification. Further characterization of these candidate Col10a1 transcriptional regulators could help identify novel therapeutic targets for skeletal diseases associated with abnormal chondrocyte hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqin Bian
- Department of Hematology and Hematological Laboratory Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Ting Zhu
- Laboratory of Clinical Medicine, Huai'an Women & Children Hospital, Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Huai'an, China
| | - Yuting Liang
- Center of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ruoxuan Hei
- Department of Hematology and Hematological Laboratory Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xiaojing Zhang
- Department of Hematology and Hematological Laboratory Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xiaochen Li
- Department of Hematology and Hematological Laboratory Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jinnan Chen
- Department of Hematology and Hematological Laboratory Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yaojuan Lu
- Department of Hematology and Hematological Laboratory Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.,Shenzhen Academy of Peptide Targeting Technology at Pingshan and Shenzhen Tyercan Bio-Pharm Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Junxia Gu
- Department of Hematology and Hematological Laboratory Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Longwei Qiao
- Suzhou Affiliated to State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, School of Gusu, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qiping Zheng
- Department of Hematology and Hematological Laboratory Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.,Shenzhen Academy of Peptide Targeting Technology at Pingshan and Shenzhen Tyercan Bio-Pharm Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
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9
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Cai Z, Wei Y, Chen S, Gong Y, Fu Y, Dai X, Zhou Y, Yang H, Tang L, Liu H. Screening and identification of key biomarkers in alimentary tract cancers: A bioinformatic analysis. Cancer Biomark 2021; 29:221-233. [PMID: 32623389 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-201580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alimentary tract cancers (ATCs) are the most malignant cancers in the world. Numerous studies have revealed the tumorigenesis, diagnosis and treatment of ATCs, but many mechanisms remain to be explored. METHODS To identify the key genes of ATCs, microarray datasets of oesophageal cancer, gastric cancer and colorectal cancer were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. In total, 207 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened. KEGG and GO function enrichment analyses were conducted, and a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was generated and gene modules analysis was performed using STRING and Cytoscape. RESULTS Five hub genes were screened, and the associated biological processes indicated that these genes were mainly enriched in cellular processes, protein binding and metabolic processes. Clinical survival analysis showed that COL10A1 and KIF14 may be significantly associated with the tumorigenesis or pathology grade of ATCs. In addition, relative human ATC cell lines along with blood samples and tumour tissues of ATC patients were obtained. The data proved that high expression of COL10A1 and KIF14 was associated with tumorigenesis and could be detected in blood. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the identification of hub genes in the present study helped us to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of tumorigenesis and identify potential diagnostic indicators and targeted treatment for ATCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeling Cai
- Genter of General Surgery, The Affiliated Haimen People's Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China.,Genter of General Surgery, The Affiliated Haimen People's Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi Wei
- Center of Gastrointestinal Disease, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Genter of General Surgery, The Affiliated Haimen People's Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuai Chen
- Center of Gastrointestinal Disease, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Genter of General Surgery, The Affiliated Haimen People's Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Gong
- Center of Gastrointestinal Disease, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yue Fu
- Center of Gastrointestinal Disease, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xianghua Dai
- Genter of General Surgery, The Affiliated Haimen People's Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Center of Gastrointestinal Disease, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haojun Yang
- Center of Gastrointestinal Disease, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liming Tang
- Center of Gastrointestinal Disease, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hanyang Liu
- Center of Gastrointestinal Disease, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
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Wu H, Wang S, Li G, Yao Y, Wang N, Sun X, Fang L, Jiang X, Zhao J, Wang Y, Xu C. Characterization of a novel COL10A1 variant associated with Schmid-type metaphyseal chondrodysplasia and a literature review. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2021; 9:e1668. [PMID: 33764685 PMCID: PMC8172203 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Schmid‐type metaphyseal chondrodysplasia (SMCD) is a rare autosomal dominant skeletal dysplasia caused by heterozygous mutations in COL10A1, the gene which encodes collagen type X alpha 1 chain. However, its genotype–phenotype relationship has not been fully determined. Subjects and Methods The proband is a 2‐year‐old boy, born of non‐consanguineous Chinese parents. We conducted a systematic analysis of the clinical and radiological characteristics and a follow‐up study of the proband. Whole‐exome sequencing was applied for the genetic analysis, together with bioinformatic analysis of predicted consequences of the identified variant. A homotrimer model was built to visualize the affected region and predict possible outcomes of this variant. Furthermore, a literature review and genotype–phenotype analysis were performed by online searching all cases with SMCD. Results A novel heterozygous variant (NM_000493.4: c.1863_1866delAATG, NP_000484.2: p.(Met622 Thrfs*54)) was identified in COL10A1 gene in the affected child. And it was predicted to be pathogenic by in silico analysis. Protein modeling revealed that the variant was located in the NC1 domain, which was predicted to produce truncated collagen and impair the trimerization of collagen type X alpha 1 chain and combination with molecules in the matrix. Moreover, genotype–phenotype correlation analysis demonstrated that patients with truncating variants or variants in NC1 domain often presented earlier onset and severer symptoms compared with those with non‐truncating or variants in non‐NC1 domains. Conclusion The NC1 domain of COL10A1 was proved to be the hotspot region underlying SMCD, patients with variants in NC1 domain were more likely to present severer manifestations at an earlier age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixiao Wu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.,Institute of Endocrinology, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, China.,Shandong Clinical Medical Center of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Jinan, China
| | - Shuping Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Dongying people's Hospital, Dongying, China
| | - Guimei Li
- Department of Pediatric, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Yangyang Yao
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Institute of Endocrinology, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, China.,Shandong Clinical Medical Center of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoqing Sun
- Institute of Endocrinology, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, China.,Shandong Clinical Medical Center of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Jinan, China
| | - Li Fang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.,Institute of Endocrinology, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, China.,Shandong Clinical Medical Center of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Jinan, China
| | - Xiuyun Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.,Institute of Endocrinology, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, China.,Shandong Clinical Medical Center of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Jinan, China
| | - Jiajun Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.,Institute of Endocrinology, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, China.,Shandong Clinical Medical Center of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Jinan, China
| | - Yanzhou Wang
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Chao Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.,Institute of Endocrinology, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, China.,Shandong Clinical Medical Center of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Jinan, China
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11
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Genetics for paediatric radiologists. Pediatr Radiol 2020; 50:1680-1690. [PMID: 33135138 DOI: 10.1007/s00247-020-04837-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Revised: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
An understanding of genetics and genomics is increasingly important for all clinicians. Next-generation genomic sequencing technologies enable sequencing of the entire human genome in short timescales, and are increasingly being implemented in health care systems. Clinicians across all medical specialties will increasingly use results generated from genomic testing to inform their clinical practice and provide the best quality of care for patients. These innovations are already transforming the diagnostic pathways for rare genetic diseases, including skeletal dysplasias, with an inevitable impact on the traditional roles of diagnosticians. This article covers the fundamentals of human genetics, mechanisms of genetic variation and the technologies used to investigate the genetic basis of disease, with a specific focus on skeletal dysplasias and the potential impact of genomics on paediatric radiology.
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Identification of two novel COL10A1 heterozygous mutations in two Chinese pedigrees with Schmid-type metaphyseal chondrodysplasia. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2019; 20:200. [PMID: 31856751 PMCID: PMC6923838 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-019-0937-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Background Schmid-type metaphyseal chondrodysplasia (MCDS) is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by COL10A1 mutations, which is characterized by short stature, waddling gait, coxa vara and bowing of the long bones. However, descriptions of the expressivity of MCDS are rare. Methods Two probands and available family members affected with MCDS were subjected to clinical and radiological examination. Genomic DNA of all affected individuals was subjected to whole-exome sequencing, and candidate mutations were verified by Sanger sequencing in all available family members and in 250 healthy donors. A spatial model of the type X collagen (α1) C-terminal noncollagenous (NC1) domain was further constructed. Results We found that the phenotype of affected family members exhibited incomplete dominance. Mutation analysis indicated that there were two novel heterozygous missense mutations, [c.1765 T > A (p.Phe589Ile)] and [c.1846A > G (p.Lys616Glu)] in the COL10A1 gene in family 1 and 2, respectively. The two novel substitution sites were highly conserved and the mutations were predicted to be deleterious by in silico analysis. Furthermore, protein modeling revealed that the two substitutions were located in the NC1 domain of collagen X (α1), which potentially impacted the trimerization of collagen X (α1) and combination with molecules in the pericellular matrix. Conclusion Two novel mutations were identified in the present study, which will facilitate diagnosis of MCDS and further expand the spectrum of the COL10A1 mutations associated with MCDS patients. In addition, our research revealed the phenomenon of incomplete dominance in MCDS.
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A Comprehensive review of genetic skeletal disorders reported from Pakistan: A brief commentary. Meta Gene 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2019.100559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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