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Johansen M, Haskell GT, Arreola A, Riordan C, Gadi IK, Penton A, Papenhausen PR, Schwartz S. Prenatal detection of mosaicism for a genome wide uniparental disomy cell line in a cohort of patients: Implications and outcomes. Prenat Diagn 2024; 44:586-594. [PMID: 38558419 DOI: 10.1002/pd.6554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the prenatal detection rate of mosaicism by SNP microarray analysis, in which an individual has not one, but two, complete genomes (sets of DNA) in their body, a normal biparental line with a Genome Wide Uniparental Disomy (GWUPD) cell line was used. METHODS This study retrospectively examines the prenatal detection of GWUPD in a cohort of ∼90,000 prenatal specimens and ∼20,000 products of conceptions (POCs) that were studied by SNP microarray. RESULTS In total, 25 cases of GWUPD were detected; 16 cases were detected prenatally with GWUPD (∼0.018%) and 9 POCs revealed GWUPD (0.045%). The nine POC specimens presented with placental abnormalities. The 12 amniotic fluid specimens were ascertained because of abnormal ultrasound findings. Nine of 12 pregnancies had findings consistent with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome or because of abnormal placentas. However, three pregnancies were detected with GWUPD of maternal origin, with less common findings and demonstrated maternal origin. Four other pregnancies showed GWUPD in a chorionic villus sample, but normal findings in amniotic fluid and apparently normal fetal development. CONCLUSIONS This cohort with GWUPD mosaicism expands our understanding of GWUPD and has implications for prenatal care and counseling. Additional studies are necessary to understand the rarer maternal GWUPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margriet Johansen
- Center for Molecular Biology and Pathology, Labcorp, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Gloria T Haskell
- Center for Molecular Biology and Pathology, Labcorp, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Alexandra Arreola
- Center for Molecular Biology and Pathology, Labcorp, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Christine Riordan
- Center for Molecular Biology and Pathology, Labcorp, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Inder K Gadi
- Center for Molecular Biology and Pathology, Labcorp, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Andrea Penton
- Center for Molecular Biology and Pathology, Labcorp, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Peter R Papenhausen
- Center for Molecular Biology and Pathology, Labcorp, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Pathology, The Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Stuart Schwartz
- Center for Molecular Biology and Pathology, Labcorp, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
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Singh A, Pajni K, Panigrahi I, Khetarpal P. Clinical and Molecular Heterogeneity of Silver-Russell Syndrome and Therapeutic Challenges: A Systematic Review. Curr Pediatr Rev 2023; 19:157-168. [PMID: 35293298 DOI: 10.2174/1573396318666220315142542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Silver-Russell syndrome (SRS) is a developmental disorder involving extreme growth failure, characteristic facial features and underlying genetic heterogeneity. As the clinical heterogeneity of SRS makes diagnosis a challenging task, the worldwide incidence of SRS could vary from 1:30,000 to 1:100,000. Although various chromosomal, genetic, and epigenetic mutations have been linked with SRS, the cause had only been identified in half of the cases. MATERIAL AND METHODS To have a better understanding of the SRS clinical presentation and mutation/ epimutation responsible for SRS, a systematic review of the literature was carried out using appropriate keywords in various scientific databases (PROSPERO protocol registration CRD42021273211). Clinical features of SRS have been compiled and presented corresponding to the specific genetic subtype. An attempt has been made to understand the recurrence risk and the role of model organisms in understanding the molecular mechanisms of SRS pathology, treatment, and management strategies of the affected patients through the analysis of selected literature. RESULTS 156 articles were selected to understand the clinical and molecular heterogeneity of SRS. Information about detailed clinical features was available for 228 patients only, and it was observed that body asymmetry and relative macrocephaly were most prevalent in cases with methylation defects of the 11p15 region. In about 38% of cases, methylation defects in ICRs or genomic mutations at the 11p15 region have been implicated. Maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 7 (mUPD7) accounts for about 7% of SRS cases, and rarely, uniparental disomy of other autosomes (11, 14, 16, and 20 chromosomes) has been documented. Mutation in half of the cases is yet to be identified. Studies involving mice as experimental animals have been helpful in understanding the underlying molecular mechanism. As the clinical presentation of the syndrome varies a lot, treatment needs to be individualized with multidisciplinary effort. CONCLUSION SRS is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorder, with most of the cases being implicated with a mutation in the 11p15 region and maternal disomy of chromosome 7. Recurrence risk varies according to the molecular subtype. Studies with mice as a model organism have been useful in understanding the underlying molecular mechanism leading to the characteristic clinical presentation of the syndrome. Management strategies often need to be individualized due to varied clinical presentations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Singh
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, India
| | - Ketan Pajni
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, India
| | - Inusha Panigrahi
- Department of Paediatric Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Preeti Khetarpal
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, India
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De Coster T, Masset H, Tšuiko O, Catteeuw M, Zhao Y, Dierckxsens N, Aparicio AL, Dimitriadou E, Debrock S, Peeraer K, de Ruijter-Villani M, Smits K, Van Soom A, Vermeesch JR. Parental genomes segregate into distinct blastomeres during multipolar zygotic divisions leading to mixoploid and chimeric blastocysts. Genome Biol 2022; 23:201. [PMID: 36184650 PMCID: PMC9528162 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-022-02763-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background During normal zygotic division, two haploid parental genomes replicate, unite and segregate into two biparental diploid blastomeres. Results Contrary to this fundamental biological tenet, we demonstrate here that parental genomes can segregate to distinct blastomeres during the zygotic division resulting in haploid or uniparental diploid and polyploid cells, a phenomenon coined heterogoneic division. By mapping the genomic landscape of 82 blastomeres from 25 bovine zygotes, we show that multipolar zygotic division is a tell-tale of whole-genome segregation errors. Based on the haplotypes and live-imaging of zygotic divisions, we demonstrate that various combinations of androgenetic, gynogenetic, diploid, and polyploid blastomeres arise via distinct parental genome segregation errors including the formation of additional paternal, private parental, or tripolar spindles, or by extrusion of paternal genomes. Hence, we provide evidence that private parental spindles, if failing to congress before anaphase, can lead to whole-genome segregation errors. In addition, anuclear blastomeres are common, indicating that cytokinesis can be uncoupled from karyokinesis. Dissociation of blastocyst-stage embryos further demonstrates that whole-genome segregation errors might lead to mixoploid or chimeric development in both human and cow. Yet, following multipolar zygotic division, fewer embryos reach the blastocyst stage and diploidization occurs frequently indicating that alternatively, blastomeres with genome-wide errors resulting from whole-genome segregation errors can be selected against or contribute to embryonic arrest. Conclusions Heterogoneic zygotic division provides an overarching paradigm for the development of mixoploid and chimeric individuals and moles and can be an important cause of embryonic and fetal arrest following natural conception or IVF. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13059-022-02763-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tine De Coster
- Laboratory for Cytogenetics and Genome Research, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.,Reproductive Biology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Reproduction and Population Medicine, Ghent University, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Heleen Masset
- Laboratory for Cytogenetics and Genome Research, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Olga Tšuiko
- Laboratory for Cytogenetics and Genome Research, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maaike Catteeuw
- Reproductive Biology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Reproduction and Population Medicine, Ghent University, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Yan Zhao
- Laboratory for Cytogenetics and Genome Research, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Dierckxsens
- Laboratory for Cytogenetics and Genome Research, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ainhoa Larreategui Aparicio
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584CM, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Hubrecht Institute, 3584CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Eftychia Dimitriadou
- Laboratory for Cytogenetics and Genome Research, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sophie Debrock
- Leuven University Fertility Center, University Hospitals of Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Karen Peeraer
- Leuven University Fertility Center, University Hospitals of Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marta de Ruijter-Villani
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584CM, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Hubrecht Institute, 3584CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Division of Woman and Baby, Department Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, 3508, GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Katrien Smits
- Reproductive Biology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Reproduction and Population Medicine, Ghent University, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Ann Van Soom
- Reproductive Biology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Reproduction and Population Medicine, Ghent University, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Joris Robert Vermeesch
- Laboratory for Cytogenetics and Genome Research, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
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Jiang Y, Song G, Yuan JC, Zhang XH, Wu XH. Genetic analysis of recurrent parthenogenesis: A case report and literature review. Exp Ther Med 2022; 24:530. [PMID: 35837054 PMCID: PMC9257975 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study reported a case of bilateral salpingectomy for an ectopic pregnancy with recurrent parthenogenesis over two in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles. The first IVF cycle resulted in short-time fertilization. Two cleaved embryos were present after removing the cumulus cells. In the second cycle, intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) was performed directly and two 6-cell embryos were discovered again prior to the injection. Embryo biopsy, genome amplification, copy number variation (CNV) and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis were performed on the two 6-cell embryos of the second cycle. The results of the CNV analysis indicated a genotype of 39,XX,+1,+1,+1,+1,+6q,+6q,+6q,-7p(x1),-10(x1),-13(x0),-15(x0),-17(x1),-18(x1),-19(x1),-20(x1) and the SNP analysis reported that only those chromosomes with one copy had a signal pattern similar to that obtained for an uniparental disomy. Although repeated spontaneous parthenogenesis was observed, the other metaphase II oocytes were fertilized normally after ICSI and the patient became pregnant. A literature review indicated that parthenogenesis may occur in individuals from various populations, and the patients always have a history of either recurrent miscarriages or bilateral tubal obstruction with or without ovarian/fallopian tube surgery. In certain cases, 1 pronucleus (PN) appears and cleaves later and in others, four-to six-cell embryos appear directly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Jiang
- The Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, The Fourth Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Ge Song
- The Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, The Fourth Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Chuan Yuan
- The Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, The Fourth Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Xu-Hui Zhang
- The Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, The Fourth Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Hua Wu
- The Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, The Fourth Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
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West JD, Everett CA. Preimplantation chromosomal mosaics, chimaeras and confined placental mosaicism. REPRODUCTION AND FERTILITY 2022; 3:R66-R90. [PMID: 35514539 PMCID: PMC9066951 DOI: 10.1530/raf-21-0095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Some human preimplantation embryos are chromosomally mosaic. For technical reasons, estimates of the overall frequency vary widely from <15 to >90% and the true frequency remains unknown. Aneuploid/diploid and aneuploid/aneuploid mosaics typically arise during early cleavage stages before the embryonic genome is fully activated and when cell cycle checkpoints are not operating normally. Other mosaics include chaotic aneuploid mosaics and mixoploids, some of which arise by abnormal chromosome segregation at the first cleavage division. Chimaeras are similar to mosaics, in having two genetically distinct cell populations, but they arise from more than one zygote and occur less often. After implantation, the frequency of mosaic embryos declines to about 2% and most are trisomic/diploid mosaics, with trisomic cells confined to the placenta. Thus, few babies are born with chromosomal mosaicism. This review discusses the origin of different types of chromosomal mosaics and chimaeras; their fate and the relationship between preimplantation chromosomal mosaicism and confined placental mosaicism in human conceptuses and animal models. Abnormal cells in mosaic embryos may be depleted by cell death, other types of cell selection or cell correction but the most severely affected mosaic embryos probably die. Trisomic cells could become restricted to placental lineages if cell selection or correction is less effective in placental lineages and/or they are preferentially allocated to a placental lineage. However, the relationship between preimplantation mosaicism and confined placental mosaicism may be complex because the specific chromosome(s) involved will influence whether chromosomally abnormal cells survive predominately in the placental trophoblast and/or placental mesenchyme. Lay summary Human cells normally have 23 pairs of chromosomes, which carry the genes. During the first few days of development, some human embryos are chromosomal mosaics. These mosaic embryos have both normal cells and cells with an abnormal number of chromosomes, which arise from the same fertilised egg. (More rarely, the different cell populations arise from more than one fertilised egg and these embryos are called chimaeras.) If chromosomally abnormal cells survive to term, they could cause birth defects. However, few abnormal cells survive and those that do are usually confined to the placenta, where they are less likely to cause harm. It is not yet understood how this restriction occurs but the type of chromosomal abnormality influences which placental tissues are affected. This review discusses the origin of different types of chromosomally abnormal cells, their fate and how they might become confined to the placenta in humans and animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- John D West
- Section of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Clinical Sciences, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Clare A Everett
- Section of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Clinical Sciences, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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Coticchio G, Barrie A, Lagalla C, Borini A, Fishel S, Griffin D, Campbell A. Plasticity of the human preimplantation embryo: developmental dogmas, variations on themes and self-correction. Hum Reprod Update 2021; 27:848-865. [PMID: 34131722 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmab016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND IVF for the treatment of infertility offers unique opportunities to observe human preimplantation development. Progress in time-lapse technology (TLT) and preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) has greatly expanded our knowledge of developmental patterns leading to a healthy pregnancy or developmental failure. These technologies have also revealed unsuspected plastic properties of the preimplantation embryo, at macromolecular, cellular and multicellular levels. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE This review focuses on the emerging concept of plasticity of the human embryo as revealed by recent evidence derived from TLT and PGT, calling for an updated and more precise redefinition of the boundaries between normal and abnormal development. SEARCH METHODS PubMed was used to search the MEDLINE database for peer-reviewed English-language original articles and reviews concerning human preimplantation development. Cross-searches were performed by adopting 'fertilisation', 'pronucleus', 'cleavage', 'multinucleation', 'compaction', 'embryo', 'preimplantation genetic testing', 'aneuploidy', mosaicism', 'micromanipulation', 'time-lapse microscopy' and 'IVF/assisted reproduction' as main terms. The most relevant publications, i.e. those concerning major phenomena occurring during normal and abnormal development-with a focus on the human species-were assessed and discussed critically. OUTCOMES Advances in TLT and PGT have revealed an astonishing plasticity and self-correction ability of the human preimplantation embryo in vitro. At fertilisation, an abnormal number of pronuclei do not always result in the formation of an aneuploid blastocyst. Animal studies and preliminary human observations indicate that combining of parental genomes may occur at the early cleavage stage, if not at fertilisation. Multinucleation occurs with much higher prevalence than previously thought and may be corrected at later cleavage stages. Irregular cleavage (multichotomous, direct, rapid and reverse cleavages) can generate chromosome segregation abnormalities that often lead to developmental arrest, but that sporadically may be confined to cells excluded from the blastocyst, and may sometimes result in viable pregnancy. Mitotic errors can generate mosaic blastocysts, but alternatively normal embryos may form from selective death or clonal depletion of aneuploid cells. WIDER IMPLICATIONS Deviations from developmental dogmas and the increasing evidence of plasticity of the human embryo challenge current embryological notions and suggest the need to write new rules governing cell cycle, cell determination and chromosome segregation during preimplantation development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Simon Fishel
- CARE Fertility Group, Northampton, UK.,School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
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Masunaga Y, Kagami M, Kato F, Usui T, Yonemoto T, Mishima K, Fukami M, Aoto K, Saitsu H, Ogata T. Parthenogenetic mosaicism: generation via second polar body retention and unmasking of a likely causative PER2 variant for hypersomnia. Clin Epigenetics 2021; 13:73. [PMID: 33827678 PMCID: PMC8028705 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-021-01062-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Parthenogenetic mosaicism is an extremely rare condition identified only in five subjects to date. The previous studies indicate that this condition is mediated by parthenogenetic activation and is free from a specific phenotype ascribed to unmaking of a maternally inherited recessive variant in the parthenogenetic cell lineage. Results We examined a 28-year-old Japanese 46,XX female with Silver-Russell syndrome and idiopathic hypersomnia. The results revealed (1) predominance of maternally derived alleles for all the differentially methylated regions examined; (2) no disease-related copy-number variant; (3) two types of regions for all chromosomes, i.e., four BAF (B-allele frequency) band regions with single major microsatellite peaks of maternal origin and single minor microsatellite peaks of non-maternal (paternal) origin, and six BAF band regions with single major microsatellite peaks of maternal origin and two minor microsatellite peaks of maternal and non-maternal (paternal) origin; (4) an unmasked extremely rare PER2 variant (c.1403G>A:p.(Arg468Gln)) with high predicted pathogenicity; (5) mildly affected local structure with altered hydrogen bonds of the p.Arg468Gln-PER2 protein; and (6) nucleus-dominant subcellular distribution of the p.Arg468Gln-PER2 protein. Conclusions The above findings imply that the second polar body retention occurred around fertilization, resulting in the generation of the parthenogenetic cell lineage by endoreplication of a female pronucleus and the normal cell lineage by fusion of male and female pronuclei, and that the homozygous PER2 variant in the parthenogenetic cells is the likely causative factor for idiopathic hypersomnia. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13148-021-01062-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Masunaga
- Department of Pediatrics, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Masayo Kagami
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumiko Kato
- Department of Pediatrics, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Takeshi Usui
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Takako Yonemoto
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuo Mishima
- Department of Psychiatry Section of Neuro and Locomoter Science, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Maki Fukami
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazushi Aoto
- Department of Biochemistry, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Hirotomo Saitsu
- Department of Biochemistry, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Ogata
- Department of Pediatrics, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan. .,Administration Department, Hamamatsu Medical Center, Hamamatsu, Japan.
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Fuke T, Nakamura A, Inoue T, Kawashima S, Hara KI, Matsubara K, Sano S, Yamazawa K, Fukami M, Ogata T, Kagami M. Role of Imprinting Disorders in Short Children Born SGA and Silver-Russell Syndrome Spectrum. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106:802-813. [PMID: 33236057 PMCID: PMC7947753 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND (Epi)genetic disorders associated with small-for-gestational-age with short stature (SGA-SS) include imprinting disorders (IDs). Silver-Russell syndrome (SRS) is a representative ID in SGA-SS and has heterogenous (epi)genetic causes. SUBJECTS AND METHODS To clarify the contribution of IDs to SGA-SS and the molecular and phenotypic spectrum of SRS, we recruited 269 patients with SGA-SS, consisting of 103 and 166 patients referred to us for genetic testing for SGA-SS and SRS, respectively. After excluding 20 patients with structural abnormalities detected by comparative genomic hybridization analysis using catalog array, 249 patients were classified into 3 subgroups based on the Netchine-Harbison clinical scoring system (NH-CSS), SRS diagnostic criteria. We screened various IDs by methylation analysis for differentially methylated regions (DMRs) related to known IDs. We also performed clinical analysis. RESULTS These 249 patients with SGA-SS were classified into the "SRS-compatible group" (n = 148), the "non-SRS with normocephaly or relative macrocephaly at birth group" (non-SRS group) (n = 94), or the "non-SRS with relative microcephaly at birth group" (non-SRS with microcephaly group) (n = 7). The 44.6% of patients in the "SRS-compatible group," 21.3% of patients in the "non-SRS group," and 14.3% in the "non-SRS with microcephaly group" had various IDs. Loss of methylation of the H19/IGF2:intergenic-DMR and uniparental disomy chromosome 7, being major genetic causes of SRS, was detected in 30.4% of patients in the "SRS-compatible group" and in 13.8% of patients in the "non-SRS group." CONCLUSION We clarified the contribution of IDs as (epi)genetic causes of SGA-SS and the molecular and phenotypic spectrum of SRS. Various IDs constitute underlying factors for SGA-SS, including SRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Fuke
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akie Nakamura
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takanobu Inoue
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sayaka Kawashima
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaori Isono Hara
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiko Matsubara
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Sano
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuki Yamazawa
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
- Medical Genetics Center, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Maki Fukami
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Ogata
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Masayo Kagami
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
- Correspondence and Reprint Requests: Masayo Kagami, MD, PhD, Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, 2–10–1 Okura, Setagaya, Tokyo 157–8535, Japan. E-mail:
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Masset H, Tšuiko O, Vermeesch JR. Genome-wide abnormalities in embryos: Origins and clinical consequences. Prenat Diagn 2021; 41:554-563. [PMID: 33524193 DOI: 10.1002/pd.5895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Ploidy or genome-wide chromosomal anomalies such as triploidy, diploid/triploid mixoploidy, chimerism, and genome-wide uniparental disomy are the cause of molar pregnancies, embryonic lethality, and developmental disorders. While triploidy and genome-wide uniparental disomy can be ascribed to fertilization or meiotic errors, the mechanisms causing mixoploidy and chimerism remain shrouded in mystery. Different models have been proposed, but all remain hypothetical and controversial, are deduced from the developmental persistent genomic constitutions present in the sample studied and lack direct evidence. New single-cell genomic methodologies, such as single-cell genome-wide haplotyping, provide an extended view of the constitution of normal and abnormal embryos and have further pinpointed the existence of mixoploidy in cleavage-stage embryos. Based on those recent findings, we suggest that genome-wide anomalies, which persist in fetuses and patients, can for a large majority be explained by a noncanonical first zygotic cleavage event, during which maternal and paternal genomes in a single zygote, segregate to different blastomeres. This process, termed heterogoneic division, provides an overarching theoretical basis for the different presentations of mixoploidy and chimerism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heleen Masset
- Department of Human Genetics, Laboratory for Cytogenetics and Genome Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Olga Tšuiko
- Department of Human Genetics, Laboratory for Cytogenetics and Genome Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joris R Vermeesch
- Department of Human Genetics, Laboratory for Cytogenetics and Genome Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Center of Human Genetics, University Hospitals of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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10
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Inoue T, Nakamura A, Iwahashi-Odano M, Tanase-Nakao K, Matsubara K, Nishioka J, Maruo Y, Hasegawa Y, Suzumura H, Sato S, Kobayashi Y, Murakami N, Nakabayashi K, Yamazawa K, Fuke T, Narumi S, Oka A, Ogata T, Fukami M, Kagami M. Contribution of gene mutations to Silver-Russell syndrome phenotype: multigene sequencing analysis in 92 etiology-unknown patients. Clin Epigenetics 2020; 12:86. [PMID: 32546215 PMCID: PMC7298762 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-020-00865-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Silver-Russell syndrome (SRS) is characterized by growth failure and dysmorphic features. Major (epi)genetic causes of SRS are loss of methylation on chromosome 11p15 (11p15 LOM) and maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 7 (upd(7)mat). However, IGF2, CDKN1C, HMGA2, and PLAG1 mutations infrequently cause SRS. In addition, other imprinting disturbances, pathogenic copy number variations (PCNVs), and monogenic disorders sometimes lead to SRS phenotype. This study aimed to clarify the frequency and clinical features of the patients with gene mutations among etiology-unknown patients with SRS phenotype. RESULTS Multigene sequencing was performed in 92 out of 336 patients referred to us for genetic testing for SRS. The clinical features of the patients were evaluated based on the Netchine-Harbison clinical scoring system. None of the patients showed 11p15 LOM, upd(7)mat, abnormal methylation levels for six differentially methylated regions (DMRs), namely, PLAGL1:alt-TSS-DMR on chromosome 6, KCNQ1OT1:TSS-DMR on chromosome 11, MEG3/DLK1:IG-DMR on chromosome 14, MEG3:TSS-DMR on chromosome 14, SNURF:TSS-DMR on chromosome 15, and GNAS A/B:TSS-DMR on chromosome 20, PCNVs, or maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 16. Using next-generation sequencing and Sanger sequencing, we screened four SRS-causative genes and 406 genes related to growth failure and/or skeletal dysplasia. We identified four pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in responsible genes for SRS (4.3%: IGF2 in two patients, CDKN1C, and PLAG1), and five pathogenic variants in causative genes for known genetic syndromes presenting with growth failure (5.4%: IGF1R abnormality (IGF1R), SHORT syndrome (PIK3R1), Floating-Harbor syndrome (SRCAP), Pitt-Hopkins syndrome (TCF4), and Noonan syndrome (PTPN11)). Functional analysis indicated the pathogenicity of the CDKN1C variant. The variants we detected in CDKN1C and PLAG1 were the second and third variants leading to SRS, respectively. Our patients with CDKN1C and PLAG1 variants showed similar phenotypes to previously reported patients. Furthermore, our data confirmed IGF1R abnormality, SHORT syndrome, and Floating-Harbor syndrome are differential diagnoses of SRS because of the shared phenotypes among these syndromes and SRS. On the other hand, the patients with pathogenic variants in causative genes for Pitt-Hopkins syndrome and Noonan syndrome were atypical of these syndromes and showed partial clinical features of SRS. CONCLUSIONS We identified nine patients (9.8%) with pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants out of 92 etiology-unknown patients with SRS phenotype. This study expands the molecular spectrum of SRS phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takanobu Inoue
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535 Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655 Japan
| | - Akie Nakamura
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535 Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Kita15, Nishi7, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, 060-8648 Japan
| | - Megumi Iwahashi-Odano
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535 Japan
| | - Kanako Tanase-Nakao
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535 Japan
| | - Keiko Matsubara
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535 Japan
| | - Junko Nishioka
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-Machi, Kurume, 830-0011 Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Maruo
- Department of Pediatrics, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, 520-2192 Japan
| | - Yukihiro Hasegawa
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokyo Metropolitan Children’s Medical Center, 2-8-29 Musashidai, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8561 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Suzumura
- Department of Pediatrics, Dokkyo Medical University, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, 321-0293 Japan
| | - Seiji Sato
- Department of Pediatrics, Saitama City Hospital, 2460, Mimuro, Midori-ku, Saitama, 336-8522 Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Kobayashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553 Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Murakami
- Department of Pediatrics, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, 2-1-50, Minamikoshigaya, Koshigaya, 343-8555 Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Nakabayashi
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Biology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535 Japan
| | - Kazuki Yamazawa
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535 Japan
- Medical Genetics Center, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, 2-5-1 Higashigaoka, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8902 Japan
| | - Tomoko Fuke
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535 Japan
| | - Satoshi Narumi
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535 Japan
| | - Akira Oka
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655 Japan
| | - Tsutomu Ogata
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535 Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192 Japan
| | - Maki Fukami
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535 Japan
| | - Masayo Kagami
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535 Japan
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11
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A case of a parthenogenetic 46,XX/46,XY chimera presenting ambiguous genitalia. J Hum Genet 2020; 65:705-709. [PMID: 32277176 DOI: 10.1038/s10038-020-0748-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Sex-chromosome discordant chimerism (XX/XY chimerism) is a rare chromosomal disorder in humans. We report a boy with ambiguous genitalia and hypospadias, showing 46,XY[26]/46,XX[4] in peripheral blood cells. To clarify the mechanism of how this chimerism took place, we carried out whole-genome genotyping using a SNP array and microsatellite analysis. The B-allele frequency of the SNP array showed a mixture of three and five allele combinations, which excluded mosaicism but not chimerism, and suggested the fusion of two embryos or a shared parental haplotype between the two parental cells. All microsatellite markers showed a single maternal allele. From these results, we concluded that this XX/XY chimera is composed of two different paternal alleles and a single duplicated maternal genome. This XX/XY chimera likely arose from a diploid maternal cell that was formed via endoduplication of the maternal genome just before fertilization, being fertilized with both X and Y sperm.
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12
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Yamaguchi Y, Tayama C, Tomikawa J, Akaishi R, Kamura H, Matsuoka K, Wake N, Minakami H, Kato K, Yamada T, Nakabayashi K, Hata K. Placenta-specific epimutation at H19-DMR among common pregnancy complications: its frequency and effect on the expression patterns of H19 and IGF2. Clin Epigenetics 2019; 11:113. [PMID: 31370882 PMCID: PMC6676526 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-019-0712-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background H19 and IGF2 genes are imprinted and involved in regulating fetal and placental growth. The H19 differentially methylated region (DMR) is paternally methylated and maternally unmethylated and regulates the imprinted expression of H19 and IGF2. Epimutation at the H19-DMR in humans results in congenital growth disorders, Beckwith-Wiedemann and Silver-Russell syndromes, when erroneously its maternal allele becomes methylated and its paternal allele becomes unmethylated, respectively. Although H19 and IGF2 have been assessed for their involvement in pregnancy complications including fetal growth restriction (FGR) and pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH)/hypertensive disorder of pregnancy (HDP) intensively in the last decade, it is still not established whether epimutation at the H19-DMR in the placenta results in pathogenic conditions in pregnancy. We aimed to assess the frequency of H19-DMR epimutation and its effects on the allelic expression patterns of H19 and IGF2 genes among normal and abnormal pregnancy cases. Results We enrolled two independently collected sets of placenta samples from normal pregnancies as controls and common pregnancy complications, FGR and PIH (HDP). The first set consisted of 39 controls and 140 FGR and/or PIH cases, and the second set consisted of 29 controls and 62 cases. For these samples, we initially screened for DNA methylation changes at H19-DMR and IGF2-DMRs by combined bisulfite restriction analysis, and further analyzed cases with methylation changes for their allelic methylation and expression patterns. We identified one case each of FGR and PIH showing hypomethylation of H19-DMR and IGF2-DMRs only in the placenta, but not in cord blood, from the first case/control set. For the PIH case, we were able to determine the allelic expression pattern of H19 to be biallelically expressed and the H19/IGF2 expression ratio to be highly elevated compared to controls. We also identified a PIH case with hypomethylation at H19-DMR and IGF2-DMRs in the placenta from the second case/control set. Conclusions Placental epimutation at H19-DMR was observed among common pregnancy complication cases at the frequency of 1.5% (3 out of 202 cases examined), but not in 68 normal pregnancy cases examined. Alteration of H19/IGF2 expression patterns due to hypomethylation of H19-DMR may have been involved in the pathogenesis of pregnancy complications in these cases. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13148-019-0712-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Yamaguchi
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Biology, Research Institute, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Chiharu Tayama
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Biology, Research Institute, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
| | - Junko Tomikawa
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Biology, Research Institute, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
| | - Rina Akaishi
- Center of Maternal-Fetal, Neonatal and Reproductive Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
| | - Hiromi Kamura
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Biology, Research Institute, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
| | - Kentaro Matsuoka
- Department of Pathology, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan.,Present Address: Department of Pathology, Dokkyo Medical University, Saitama Medical Center, Koshigaya, Japan
| | - Norio Wake
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hisanori Minakami
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Kiyoko Kato
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yamada
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Nakabayashi
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Biology, Research Institute, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan.
| | - Kenichiro Hata
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Biology, Research Institute, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan.
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13
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Bottega R, Cappellani S, Fabretto A, Spinelli AM, Severini GM, Aloisio M, Faleschini M, Athanasakis E, Bruno I, Faletra F, Pecile V. Could a chimeric condition be responsible for unexpected genetic syndromes? The role of the single nucleotide polymorphism-array analysis. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2019; 7:e546. [PMID: 30628197 PMCID: PMC6418439 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, is reported the identification of two chimeric patients, a rare finding if sexual abnormalities are absent. However, their chimeric condition is responsible at least for the Silver-Russell phenotype observed in one of the two patients. By single nucleotide polymorphism-array analyses, it was possible to clearly define the mechanism responsible for this unusual finding, underlining the importance of this technique in bringing out the perhaps submerged world of chimeras.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Bottega
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Stefania Cappellani
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Antonella Fabretto
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | | | | | - Michelangelo Aloisio
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Michela Faleschini
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Irene Bruno
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Flavio Faletra
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Vanna Pecile
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
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14
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Hernandez Mora JR, Tayama C, Sánchez-Delgado M, Monteagudo-Sánchez A, Hata K, Ogata T, Medrano J, Poo-Llanillo ME, Simón C, Moran S, Esteller M, Tenorio J, Lapunzina P, Kagami M, Monk D, Nakabayashi K. Characterization of parent-of-origin methylation using the Illumina Infinium MethylationEPIC array platform. Epigenomics 2018; 10:941-954. [PMID: 29962238 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2017-0172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to establish a catalog of probes corresponding to imprinted differentially methylated regions (DMRs) on the Infinium HumanMethylationEPIC BeadChip. MATERIALS & METHODS Reciprocal uniparental diploidies with low normal biparental mosaic contribution, together with normal diploid controls, were subjected to EPIC BeadChip hybridization. The methylation profiles were assessed for imprinted differential methylation. Top candidates were validated using locus-specific PCR-based assays. RESULTS Seven hundred and eighty-nine CpG probes coincided with 50 known imprinted DMRs and 467 CpG probes corresponding to 124 novel imprinted DMR candidates were identified. Validation led to identification of several subtle DMRs within known imprinted domains as well as novel maternally methylated regions associated with PTCHD3 and JAKMIP1. CONCLUSION Our comprehensive list of bona fide-imprinted DMR probes will simplify and facilitate methylation profiling of individuals with imprinting disorders and is applicable to other diseases in which aberrant imprinting has been implicated, such as cancer and fetal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose R Hernandez Mora
- Imprinting & Cancer group, Cancer Epigenetic & Biology Program (PEBC), Institut d'Investigació Biomedica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Avinguda Granvia, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Chiharu Tayama
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Biology, National Research Institute for Child Health & Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Marta Sánchez-Delgado
- Imprinting & Cancer group, Cancer Epigenetic & Biology Program (PEBC), Institut d'Investigació Biomedica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Avinguda Granvia, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Monteagudo-Sánchez
- Imprinting & Cancer group, Cancer Epigenetic & Biology Program (PEBC), Institut d'Investigació Biomedica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Avinguda Granvia, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kenichiro Hata
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Biology, National Research Institute for Child Health & Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Ogata
- Department of Pediatrics, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Jose Medrano
- Fundación IVI-Instituto Universitario IVI- INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Carlos Simón
- Igenomix SL, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Obs/Gyn, Valencia University, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Obs/Gyn, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Sebastian Moran
- Cancer Epigenetics group, Cancer Epigenetic & Biology Program (PEBC), Institut d'Investigació Biomedica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Avinguda Granvia, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manel Esteller
- Cancer Epigenetics group, Cancer Epigenetic & Biology Program (PEBC), Institut d'Investigació Biomedica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Avinguda Granvia, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Physiological Sciences II, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Jair Tenorio
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM)-IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Lapunzina
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM)-IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz-UAM, Madrid, Spain.,CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Masayo Kagami
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health & Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - David Monk
- Imprinting & Cancer group, Cancer Epigenetic & Biology Program (PEBC), Institut d'Investigació Biomedica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Avinguda Granvia, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kazuhiko Nakabayashi
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Biology, National Research Institute for Child Health & Development, Tokyo, Japan
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15
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Tšuiko O, Catteeuw M, Zamani Esteki M, Destouni A, Bogado Pascottini O, Besenfelder U, Havlicek V, Smits K, Kurg A, Salumets A, D'Hooghe T, Voet T, Van Soom A, Robert Vermeesch J. Genome stability of bovine in vivo-conceived cleavage-stage embryos is higher compared to in vitro-produced embryos. Hum Reprod 2018; 32:2348-2357. [PMID: 29040498 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dex286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Is the rate and nature of chromosome instability (CIN) similar between bovine in vivo-derived and in vitro-cultured cleavage-stage embryos? SUMMARY ANSWER There is a major difference regarding chromosome stability of in vivo-derived and in vitro-cultured embryos, as CIN is significantly lower in in vivo-derived cleavage-stage embryos compared to in vitro-cultured embryos. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY CIN is common during in vitro embryogenesis and is associated with early embryonic loss in humans, but the stability of in vivo-conceived cleavage-stage embryos remains largely unknown. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION Because human in vivo preimplantation embryos are not accessible, bovine (Bos taurus) embryos were used to study CIN in vivo. Five young, healthy, cycling Holstein Friesian heifers were used to analyze single blastomeres of in vivo embryos, in vitro embryos produced by ovum pick up with ovarian stimulation (OPU-IVF), and in vitro embryos produced from in vitro matured oocytes retrieved without ovarian stimulation (IVM-IVF). PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Single blastomeres were isolated from embryos, whole-genome amplified and hybridized on Illumina BovineHD BeadChip arrays together with the bulk DNA from the donor cows (mothers) and the bull (father). DNA was also obtained from the parents of the bull and from the parents of the cows (paternal and maternal grandparents, respectively). Subsequently, genome-wide haplotyping and copy-number profiling was applied to investigate the genomic architecture of 171 single bovine blastomeres of 16 in vivo, 13 OPU-IVF and 13 IVM-IVF embryos. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE The genomic stability of single blastomeres in both of the in vitro-cultured embryo cohorts was severely compromised (P < 0.0001), and the frequency of whole chromosome or segmental aberrations was higher in embryos produced in vitro than in embryos derived in vivo. Only 18.8% of in vivo-derived embryos contained at least one blastomere with chromosomal anomalies, compared to 69.2% of OPU-IVF embryos (P < 0.01) and 84.6% of IVM-IVF embryos (P < 0.001). LARGE SCALE DATA Genotyping data obtained in this study has been submitted to NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO; accession number GSE95358). LIMITATIONS REASONS FOR CAUTION There were two main limitations of the study. First, animal models may not always reflect the nature of human embryogenesis, although the use of an animal model to investigate CIN was unavoidable in our study. Second, a limited number of embryos were obtained, therefore more studies are warranted to corroborate the findings. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Although CIN is also present in in vivo-developed embryos, in vitro procedures exacerbate chromosomal abnormalities during early embryo development. Hence, the present study highlights that IVF treatment compromises embryo viability and should be applied with care. Additionally, our results encourage to refine and improve in vitro culture conditions and assisted reproduction technologies. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) The study was funded by the Agency for Innovation by Science and Technology (IWT) (TBM-090878 to J.R.V. and T.V.), the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO; G.A093.11 N to T.V. and J.R.V. and G.0392.14 N to A.V.S. and J.R.V.), the European Union's FP7 Marie Curie Industry-Academia Partnerships and Pathways (IAPP, SARM, EU324509 to J.R.V., T.V., O.T, A.D., A.S. and A.K.) and Horizon 2020 innovation programme (WIDENLIFE, 692065 to J.R.V., O.T., T.V., A.K. and A.S.). M.Z.E., J.R.V. and T.V. are co-inventors on a patent application ZL913096-PCT/EP2014/068315-WO/2015/028576 ('Haplotyping and copy-number typing using polymorphic variant allelic frequencies'), licensed to Cartagenia (Agilent Technologies).
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Tšuiko
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Genome Research, Center of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium.,Institute of Bio- and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu 50411, Estonia.,Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu 50410, Estonia.,Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia
| | - Maaike Catteeuw
- Department of Obstetrics, Reproduction and Herd Health, Ghent University, Merelbeke 9820, Belgium
| | - Masoud Zamani Esteki
- Laboratory of Reproductive Genomics, Center of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Aspasia Destouni
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Genome Research, Center of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | | | - Urban Besenfelder
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna 1210, Austria
| | - Vitezslav Havlicek
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna 1210, Austria
| | - Katrien Smits
- Department of Obstetrics, Reproduction and Herd Health, Ghent University, Merelbeke 9820, Belgium
| | - Ants Kurg
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia
| | - Andres Salumets
- Institute of Bio- and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu 50411, Estonia.,Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu 50410, Estonia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu 51014, Estonia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki 00029, Finland
| | - Thomas D'Hooghe
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Leuven University Fertility Centre, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Thierry Voet
- Laboratory of Reproductive Genomics, Center of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium.,Sanger-EBI Single Cell Genomics Centre, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Ann Van Soom
- Department of Obstetrics, Reproduction and Herd Health, Ghent University, Merelbeke 9820, Belgium
| | - Joris Robert Vermeesch
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Genome Research, Center of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
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16
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Borgulová I, Soldatova I, Putzová M, Malíková M, Neupauerová J, Marková SP, Trková M, Seeman P. Genome-wide uniparental diploidy of all paternal chromosomes in an 11-year-old girl with deafness and without malignancy. J Hum Genet 2018; 63:803-810. [DOI: 10.1038/s10038-018-0444-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2017] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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17
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Tšuiko O, Jatsenko T, Parameswaran Grace LK, Kurg A, Vermeesch JR, Lanner F, Altmäe S, Salumets A. A speculative outlook on embryonic aneuploidy: Can molecular pathways be involved? Dev Biol 2018; 447:3-13. [PMID: 29391166 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2018.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The journey of embryonic development starts at oocyte fertilization, which triggers a complex cascade of events and cellular pathways that guide early embryogenesis. Recent technological advances have greatly expanded our knowledge of cleavage-stage embryo development, which is characterized by an increased rate of whole-chromosome losses and gains, mixoploidy, and atypical cleavage morphokinetics. Embryonic aneuploidy significantly contributes to implantation failure, spontaneous miscarriage, stillbirth or congenital birth defects in both natural and assisted human reproduction. Essentially, early embryo development is strongly determined by maternal factors. Owing to considerable limitations associated with human oocyte and embryo research, the use of animal models is inevitable. However, cellular and molecular mechanisms driving the error-prone early stages of development are still poorly described. In this review, we describe known events that lead to aneuploidy in mammalian oocytes and preimplantation embryos. As the processes of oocyte and embryo development are rigorously regulated by multiple signal-transduction pathways, we explore the putative role of signaling pathways in genomic integrity maintenance. Based on the existing evidence from human and animal data, we investigate whether critical early developmental pathways, like Wnt, Hippo and MAPK, together with distinct DNA damage response and DNA repair pathways can be associated with embryo genomic instability, a question that has, so far, remained largely unexplored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Tšuiko
- Department of Biomedicine, Institute of Bio- and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu 50411, Estonia; Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu 50410, Estonia
| | | | - Lalit Kumar Parameswaran Grace
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm 17176, Sweden
| | - Ants Kurg
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia
| | - Joris Robert Vermeesch
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Genome Research, Center of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Fredrik Lanner
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention, and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 14186, Sweden
| | - Signe Altmäe
- Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu 50410, Estonia; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Granada 18071, Spain.
| | - Andres Salumets
- Department of Biomedicine, Institute of Bio- and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu 50411, Estonia; Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu 50410, Estonia; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu 51014, Estonia; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki 00029, Finland
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18
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Fertilization and Early Embryonic Errors. CHIMERISM 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-89866-7_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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19
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Bens S, Luedeke M, Richter T, Graf M, Kolarova J, Barbi G, Lato K, Barth TF, Siebert R. Mosaic genome-wide maternal isodiploidy: an extreme form of imprinting disorder presenting as prenatal diagnostic challenge. Clin Epigenetics 2017; 9:111. [PMID: 29046733 PMCID: PMC5640928 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-017-0410-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Uniparental disomy of certain chromosomes are associated with a group of well-known genetic syndromes referred to as imprinting disorders. However, the extreme form of uniparental disomy affecting the whole genome is usually not compatible with life, with the exception of very rare cases of patients with mosaic genome-wide uniparental disomy reported in the literature. Results We here report on a fetus with intrauterine growth retardation and malformations observed on prenatal ultrasound leading to invasive prenatal testing. By cytogenetic (conventional karyotyping), molecular cytogenetic (QF-PCR, FISH, array), and methylation (MS-MLPA) analyses of amniotic fluid, we detected mosaicism for one cell line with genome-wide maternal uniparental disomy and a second diploid cell line of biparental inheritance with trisomy X due to paternal isodisomy X. As expected for this constellation, we observed DNA methylation changes at all imprinted loci investigated. Conclusions This report adds new information on phenotypic outcome of mosaic genome-wide maternal uniparental disomy leading to an extreme form of multilocus imprinting disturbance. Moreover, the findings highlight the technical challenges of detecting these rare chromosome disorders prenatally. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13148-017-0410-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Bens
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Ulm & Ulm University Hospital, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, D-89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Manuel Luedeke
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Ulm & Ulm University Hospital, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, D-89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Tanja Richter
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Ulm & Ulm University Hospital, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, D-89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Melanie Graf
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Ulm & Ulm University Hospital, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, D-89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Julia Kolarova
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Ulm & Ulm University Hospital, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, D-89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Gotthold Barbi
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Ulm & Ulm University Hospital, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, D-89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Krisztian Lato
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ulm & Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Thomas F Barth
- Institute of Pathology, University of Ulm & Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Reiner Siebert
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Ulm & Ulm University Hospital, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, D-89081 Ulm, Germany
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20
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Jose de Carli G, Campos Pereira T. On human parthenogenesis. Med Hypotheses 2017; 106:57-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2017.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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21
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Destouni A, Vermeesch JR. How can zygotes segregate entire parental genomes into distinct blastomeres? The zygote metaphase revisited. Bioessays 2017; 39. [DOI: 10.1002/bies.201600226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aspasia Destouni
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Genome Research; Center of Human Genetics; KU Leuven; Leuven Belgium
| | - Joris R. Vermeesch
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Genome Research; Center of Human Genetics; KU Leuven; Leuven Belgium
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22
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Grafodatskaya D, Choufani S, Basran R, Weksberg R. An Update on Molecular Diagnostic Testing of Human Imprinting Disorders. J Pediatr Genet 2016; 6:3-17. [PMID: 28180023 DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1593840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Imprinted genes are expressed in a parent of origin manner. Dysregulation of imprinted genes expression causes various disorders associated with abnormalities of growth, neurodevelopment, and metabolism. Molecular mechanisms leading to imprinting disorders and strategies for their diagnosis are discussed in this review article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Grafodatskaya
- Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sanaa Choufani
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Raveen Basran
- Pediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rosanna Weksberg
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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23
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Luk HM, Ivan Lo FM, Sano S, Matsubara K, Nakamura A, Ogata T, Kagami M. Silver-Russell syndrome in a patient with somatic mosaicism for upd(11)mat identified by buccal cell analysis. Am J Med Genet A 2016; 170:1938-41. [PMID: 27150791 PMCID: PMC5084779 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.37679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ho-Ming Luk
- Department of Health, Clinical Genetic Service, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Fai-Man Ivan Lo
- Department of Health, Clinical Genetic Service, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Shinichiro Sano
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Keiko Matsubara
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akie Nakamura
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Ogata
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Masayo Kagami
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
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24
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Destouni A, Zamani Esteki M, Catteeuw M, Tšuiko O, Dimitriadou E, Smits K, Kurg A, Salumets A, Van Soom A, Voet T, Vermeesch JR. Zygotes segregate entire parental genomes in distinct blastomere lineages causing cleavage-stage chimerism and mixoploidy. Genome Res 2016; 26:567-78. [PMID: 27197242 PMCID: PMC4864459 DOI: 10.1101/gr.200527.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Dramatic genome dynamics, such as chromosome instability, contribute to the remarkable genomic heterogeneity among the blastomeres comprising a single embryo during human preimplantation development. This heterogeneity, when compatible with life, manifests as constitutional mosaicism, chimerism, and mixoploidy in live-born individuals. Chimerism and mixoploidy are defined by the presence of cell lineages with different parental genomes or different ploidy states in a single individual, respectively. Our knowledge of their mechanistic origin results from indirect observations, often when the cell lineages have been subject to rigorous selective pressure during development. Here, we applied haplarithmisis to infer the haplotypes and the copy number of parental genomes in 116 single blastomeres comprising entire preimplantation bovine embryos (n = 23) following in vitro fertilization. We not only demonstrate that chromosome instability is conserved between bovine and human cleavage embryos, but we also discovered that zygotes can spontaneously segregate entire parental genomes into different cell lineages during the first post-zygotic cleavage division. Parental genome segregation was not exclusively triggered by abnormal fertilizations leading to triploid zygotes, but also normally fertilized zygotes can spontaneously segregate entire parental genomes into different cell lineages during cleavage of the zygote. We coin the term "heterogoneic division" to indicate the events leading to noncanonical zygotic cytokinesis, segregating the parental genomes into distinct cell lineages. Persistence of those cell lines during development is a likely cause of chimerism and mixoploidy in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aspasia Destouni
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Genome Research, Center of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Masoud Zamani Esteki
- Laboratory of Reproductive Genomics, Center of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Maaike Catteeuw
- Department of Obstetrics, Reproduction and Herd Health, Ghent University, Ghent, 9820, Belgium
| | - Olga Tšuiko
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Genome Research, Center of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium; Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Tartu University, Tartu, 51010, Estonia
| | - Eftychia Dimitriadou
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Genome Research, Center of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Katrien Smits
- Department of Obstetrics, Reproduction and Herd Health, Ghent University, Ghent, 9820, Belgium
| | - Ants Kurg
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Tartu University, Tartu, 51010, Estonia
| | - Andres Salumets
- Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu, 50410, Estonia; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51014, Estonia
| | - Ann Van Soom
- Department of Obstetrics, Reproduction and Herd Health, Ghent University, Ghent, 9820, Belgium
| | - Thierry Voet
- Laboratory of Reproductive Genomics, Center of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium; Sanger-EBI Single Cell Genomics Centre, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, United Kingdom
| | - Joris R Vermeesch
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Genome Research, Center of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
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25
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Ohtsuka Y, Higashimoto K, Sasaki K, Jozaki K, Yoshinaga H, Okamoto N, Takama Y, Kubota A, Nakayama M, Yatsuki H, Nishioka K, Joh K, Mukai T, Yoshiura KI, Soejima H. Autosomal recessive cystinuria caused by genome-wide paternal uniparental isodisomy in a patient with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome. Clin Genet 2014; 88:261-6. [PMID: 25171146 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Revised: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Approximately 20% of Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) cases are caused by mosaic paternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 11 (pUPD11). Although pUPD11 is usually limited to the short arm of chromosome 11, a small minority of BWS cases show genome-wide mosaic pUPD (GWpUPD). These patients show variable clinical features depending on mosaic ratio, imprinting status of other chromosomes, and paternally inherited recessive mutations. To date, there have been no reports of a mosaic GWpUPD patient with an autosomal recessive disease caused by a paternally inherited recessive mutation. Here, we describe a patient concurrently showing the clinical features of BWS and autosomal recessive cystinuria. Genetic analyses revealed that the patient has mosaic GWpUPD and an inherited paternal homozygous mutation in SLC7A9. This is the first report indicating that a paternally inherited recessive mutation can cause an autosomal recessive disease in cases of GWpUPD mosaicism. Investigation into recessive mutations and the dysregulation of imprinting domains is critical in understanding precise clinical conditions of patients with mosaic GWpUPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Ohtsuka
- Division of Molecular Genetics and Epigenetics, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - K Higashimoto
- Division of Molecular Genetics and Epigenetics, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - K Sasaki
- Department of Human Genetics, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - K Jozaki
- Division of Molecular Genetics and Epigenetics, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - H Yoshinaga
- Division of Molecular Genetics and Epigenetics, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - N Okamoto
- Department of Medical Genetics, Osaka Medical Center and Research Institute for Maternal and Child Health, Osaka, Japan
| | - Y Takama
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Osaka Medical Center and Research Institute for Maternal and Child Health, Osaka, Japan
| | - A Kubota
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Osaka Medical Center and Research Institute for Maternal and Child Health, Osaka, Japan
| | - M Nakayama
- Department of Pathology, Osaka Medical Center and Research Institute for Maternal and Child Health, Osaka, Japan
| | - H Yatsuki
- Division of Molecular Genetics and Epigenetics, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - K Nishioka
- Division of Molecular Genetics and Epigenetics, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - K Joh
- Division of Molecular Genetics and Epigenetics, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - T Mukai
- Nishikyushu University, Saga, Japan
| | - K-i Yoshiura
- Department of Human Genetics, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - H Soejima
- Division of Molecular Genetics and Epigenetics, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
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26
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Court F, Tayama C, Romanelli V, Martin-Trujillo A, Iglesias-Platas I, Okamura K, Sugahara N, Simón C, Moore H, Harness JV, Keirstead H, Sanchez-Mut JV, Kaneki E, Lapunzina P, Soejima H, Wake N, Esteller M, Ogata T, Hata K, Nakabayashi K, Monk D. Genome-wide parent-of-origin DNA methylation analysis reveals the intricacies of human imprinting and suggests a germline methylation-independent mechanism of establishment. Genome Res 2014; 24:554-69. [PMID: 24402520 PMCID: PMC3975056 DOI: 10.1101/gr.164913.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2013] [Accepted: 12/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Differential methylation between the two alleles of a gene has been observed in imprinted regions, where the methylation of one allele occurs on a parent-of-origin basis, the inactive X-chromosome in females, and at those loci whose methylation is driven by genetic variants. We have extensively characterized imprinted methylation in a substantial range of normal human tissues, reciprocal genome-wide uniparental disomies, and hydatidiform moles, using a combination of whole-genome bisulfite sequencing and high-density methylation microarrays. This approach allowed us to define methylation profiles at known imprinted domains at base-pair resolution, as well as to identify 21 novel loci harboring parent-of-origin methylation, 15 of which are restricted to the placenta. We observe that the extent of imprinted differentially methylated regions (DMRs) is extremely similar between tissues, with the exception of the placenta. This extra-embryonic tissue often adopts a different methylation profile compared to somatic tissues. Further, we profiled all imprinted DMRs in sperm and embryonic stem cells derived from parthenogenetically activated oocytes, individual blastomeres, and blastocysts, in order to identify primary DMRs and reveal the extent of reprogramming during preimplantation development. Intriguingly, we find that in contrast to ubiquitous imprints, the majority of placenta-specific imprinted DMRs are unmethylated in sperm and all human embryonic stem cells. Therefore, placental-specific imprinting provides evidence for an inheritable epigenetic state that is independent of DNA methylation and the existence of a novel imprinting mechanism at these loci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franck Court
- Imprinting and Cancer Group, Cancer Epigenetic and Biology Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomedica de Bellvitge, Hospital Duran i Reynals, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Chiharu Tayama
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Biology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan
| | - Valeria Romanelli
- Imprinting and Cancer Group, Cancer Epigenetic and Biology Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomedica de Bellvitge, Hospital Duran i Reynals, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alex Martin-Trujillo
- Imprinting and Cancer Group, Cancer Epigenetic and Biology Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomedica de Bellvitge, Hospital Duran i Reynals, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabel Iglesias-Platas
- Servicio de Neonatología, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kohji Okamura
- Department of Systems Biomedicine, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan
| | - Naoko Sugahara
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Biology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan
| | - Carlos Simón
- Fundación IVI-Instituto Universitario IVI-Universidad de Valencia, INCLIVA, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Harry Moore
- Centre for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom
| | - Julie V. Harness
- Reeve-Irvine Research Centre, Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - Hans Keirstead
- Reeve-Irvine Research Centre, Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - Jose Vicente Sanchez-Mut
- Cancer Epigenetics Group, Cancer Epigenetic and Biology Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomedica de Bellvitge, Hospital Duran i Reynals, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eisuke Kaneki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Pablo Lapunzina
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular, CIBERER, IDIPAZ-Hospital Universitario La Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Hidenobu Soejima
- Division of Molecular Genetics and Epigenetics, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga 849-8501, Japan
| | - Norio Wake
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Manel Esteller
- Cancer Epigenetics Group, Cancer Epigenetic and Biology Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomedica de Bellvitge, Hospital Duran i Reynals, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Physiological Sciences II, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Tsutomu Ogata
- Department of Pediatrics, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Hata
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Biology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Nakabayashi
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Biology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan
| | - David Monk
- Imprinting and Cancer Group, Cancer Epigenetic and Biology Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomedica de Bellvitge, Hospital Duran i Reynals, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
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27
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Fokstuen S, Kotzot D. Chromosomal rearrangements in patients with clinical features of Silver-Russell syndrome. Am J Med Genet A 2014; 164A:1595-605. [PMID: 24664587 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Silver-Russell syndrome (SRS) is characterized by pre- and postnatal growth retardation, relative macrocephaly, asymmetry, and a triangular facial gestalt. In 5-10% of the patients the phenotype is caused by maternal UPD 7, and 38-64% of the patients present with hypomethylation at the imprinting center region 1 (ICR1) on 11p15.5. The etiology of the remaining cases is so far not known and various (sub-)microscopic chromosome aberrations with a phenotype resembling SRS have been published, especially duplication 11p15 (n = 15), deletion 12q14 (n = 19), ring chromosome 15, deletion 15qter, and various other mostly unique chromosomal aberrations (n = 30). In this study the phenotypes of these chromosomal aberrations were revisited and compared with the phenotypes of maternal UPD 7 and hypomethylation at ICR1 on 11p15.5. In some patients with a unique chromosomal aberration even the hallmarks of SRS were missing. Patients with duplication 11p15 show a more variable occipitofrontal head circumference at birth, a higher frequency of intellectual disability, and additional anomalies not reported in SRS. Deletion 12q14 is characterized by less severe pre- and postnatal growth retardation and less impressive relative macrocephaly. Patients with ring chromosome 15 and deletion 15qter have no relative macrocephaly (mostly even microcephaly) and more severe intellectual disability. Finally, deletion 15qter lacks the triangular facial gestalt. In summary, as SRS seems not an adequate diagnosis in many of these patients, diagnosis should focus on the chromosomal aberration than on SRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siv Fokstuen
- Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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28
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Lee BY, Kim SY, Park JY, Choi EY, Kim DJ, Kim JW, Ryu HM, Cho YH, Park SY, Seo JT. Unusual maternal uniparental isodisomic x chromosome mosaicism with asymmetric y chromosomal rearrangement. Cytogenet Genome Res 2014; 142:79-86. [PMID: 24434812 DOI: 10.1159/000357315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Infertile men with azoospermia commonly have associated microdeletions in the azoospermia factor (AZF) region of the Y chromosome, sex chromosome mosaicism, or sex chromosome rearrangements. In this study, we describe an unusual 46,XX and 45,X mosaicism with a rare Y chromosome rearrangement in a phenotypically normal male patient. The patient's karyotype was 46,XX[50]/45,X[25]/46,X,der(Y)(pter→q11.222::p11.2→pter)[25]. The derivative Y chromosome had a deletion at Yq11.222 and was duplicated at Yp11.2. Two copies of the SRY gene were confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis, and complete deletion of the AZFb and AZFc regions was shown by multiplex-PCR for microdeletion analysis. Both X chromosomes of the predominant mosaic cell line (46,XX) were isodisomic and derived from the maternal gamete, as determined by examination of short tandem repeat markers. We postulate that the derivative Y chromosome might have been generated during paternal meiosis or early embryogenesis. Also, we suggest that the very rare mosaicism of isodisomic X chromosomes might be formed during maternal meiosis II or during postzygotic division derived from the 46,X,der(Y)/ 45,X lineage because of the instability of the derivative Y chromosome. To our knowledge, this is the first confirmatory study to verify the origin of a sex chromosome mosaicism with a Y chromosome rearrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Y Lee
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Kwandong University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Epigenetic and genetic alterations of the imprinting disorder Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome and related disorders. J Hum Genet 2013; 58:402-9. [DOI: 10.1038/jhg.2013.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2013] [Revised: 04/23/2013] [Accepted: 04/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Johnson JP, Waterson J, Schwanke C, Schoof J. Genome-wide androgenetic mosaicism. Clin Genet 2013; 85:282-5. [PMID: 23509941 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Revised: 03/14/2013] [Accepted: 03/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Individuals with mosaic paternal uniparental disomy (UPD) of apparently all chromosomes have recently been described. They show a 46,XX karyotype, but with a mixture of normal biparental cells and cells entirely of paternal isodisomic origin. We describe an infant who primarily showed signs of Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS), but also had other severe and eventually lethal medical problems, notably refractory hypoglycemia. We performed methylation studies for BWS, but incidentally for Angelman syndrome (AS) on leukocytes and in a skin FFPE sample. We also performed chromosome microarray [CNV and single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array] on leukocytes. We found that the patient had hypomethylation consistent with both BWS and AS. Remarkably, this was due to mosaic paternal UPD for chromosomes 11 and 15, respectively. The SNP microarray showed mosaic paternal UPD for all chromosomes. Patients with unusual phenotypes for a typical imprinting disorder should be studied further with assays for imprinted loci on other chromosomes. Chromosomal SNP microarrays are useful in identifying patients with multiple UPDs, sometimes of the whole genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Johnson
- Medical Genetics, Shodair Children's Hospital, Helena, MT, USA
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Fuke T, Mizuno S, Nagai T, Hasegawa T, Horikawa R, Miyoshi Y, Muroya K, Kondoh T, Numakura C, Sato S, Nakabayashi K, Tayama C, Hata K, Sano S, Matsubara K, Kagami M, Yamazawa K, Ogata T. Molecular and clinical studies in 138 Japanese patients with Silver-Russell syndrome. PLoS One 2013; 8:e60105. [PMID: 23533668 PMCID: PMC3606247 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0060105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2012] [Accepted: 02/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent studies have revealed relative frequency and characteristic phenotype of two major causative factors for Silver-Russell syndrome (SRS), i.e. epimutation of the H19-differentially methylated region (DMR) and uniparental maternal disomy 7 (upd(7)mat), as well as multilocus methylation abnormalities and positive correlation between methylation index and body and placental sizes in H19-DMR epimutation. Furthermore, rare genomic alterations have been found in a few of patients with idiopathic SRS. Here, we performed molecular and clinical findings in 138 Japanese SRS patients, and examined these matters. Methodology/Principal Findings We identified H19-DMR epimutation in cases 1–43 (group 1), upd(7)mat in cases 44–52 (group 2), and neither H19-DMR epimutation nor upd(7)mat in cases 53–138 (group 3). Multilocus analysis revealed hyper- or hypomethylated DMRs in 2.4% of examined DMRs in group 1; in particular, an extremely hypomethylated ARHI-DMR was identified in case 13. Oligonucleotide array comparative genomic hybridization identified a ∼3.86 Mb deletion at chromosome 17q24 in case 73. Epigenotype-phenotype analysis revealed that group 1 had more reduced birth length and weight, more preserved birth occipitofrontal circumference (OFC), more frequent body asymmetry and brachydactyly, and less frequent speech delay than group 2. The degree of placental hypoplasia was similar between the two groups. In group 1, the methylation index for the H19-DMR was positively correlated with birth length and weight, present height and weight, and placental weight, but with neither birth nor present OFC. Conclusions/Significance The results are grossly consistent with the previously reported data, although the frequency of epimutations is lower in the Japanese SRS patients than in the Western European SRS patients. Furthermore, the results provide useful information regarding placental hypoplasia in SRS, clinical phenotypes of the hypomethylated ARHI-DMR, and underlying causative factors for idiopathic SRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Fuke
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiji Mizuno
- Department of Pediatrics, Central Hospital, Aichi Human Service Center, Aichi, Japan
| | - Toshiro Nagai
- Department of Pediatrics, Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Tomonobu Hasegawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Reiko Horikawa
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoko Miyoshi
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Koji Muroya
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kanagawa Children's Medical Center, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Kondoh
- Division of Developmental Disability, Misakaenosono Mutsumi Developmental, Medical, and Welfare Center, Isahaya, Japan
| | - Chikahiko Numakura
- Department of Pediatrics, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Seiji Sato
- Department of Pediatrics, Saitama Municipal Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Nakabayashi
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Biology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chiharu Tayama
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Biology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Hata
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Biology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Sano
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Keiko Matsubara
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayo Kagami
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuki Yamazawa
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Ogata
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Shin SY, Yoo HW, Lee BH, Kim KS, Seo EJ. Identification of the mechanism underlying a human chimera by SNP array analysis. Am J Med Genet A 2012; 158A:2119-23. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.35476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2011] [Accepted: 04/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Fuke-Sato T, Yamazawa K, Nakabayashi K, Matsubara K, Matsuoka K, Hasegawa T, Dobashi K, Ogata T. Mosaic upd(7)mat in a patient with Silver-Russell syndrome. Am J Med Genet A 2012; 158A:465-8. [PMID: 22246578 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.34404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2011] [Accepted: 11/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Kearney HM, Kearney JB, Conlin LK. Diagnostic Implications of Excessive Homozygosity Detected by SNP-Based Microarrays: Consanguinity, Uniparental Disomy, and Recessive Single-Gene Mutations. Clin Lab Med 2011; 31:595-613, ix. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cll.2011.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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The consequences of uniparental disomy and copy number neutral loss-of-heterozygosity during human development and cancer. Biol Cell 2011; 103:303-17. [PMID: 21651501 DOI: 10.1042/bc20110013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
UPD (uniparental disomy) describes the inheritance of a pair of chromosomes from only one parent. Mechanisms that lead to UPD include trisomy rescue, gamete complementation, monosomy rescue and somatic recombination. Most of these mechanisms can involve aberrant chromosomes, particularly isochromosomes and Robertsonian translocations. In the last decade, the number of UPD cases reported in the literature has increased exponentially. This is partly due to the advances in genomic technologies that have allowed for high-resolution SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) studies, which have complemented traditional methods relying on polymorphic microsatellite markers. In this review, we discuss aberrant cellular mechanisms leading to UPD and their impact on gene expression. Special emphasis is placed on the unmasking of mutant recessive alleles and the disruption of imprinted gene dosage, which give rise to specific and recurrent imprinting phenotypes. Finally, we discuss how copy number maps determined from SNP array datasets have helped identify not only deletions and duplications but also recurrent copy number neutral regions of loss-of-heterozygosity, which have been reported in many cancer types and that may constitute an important driving force in cancer. These tiny regions of UPD also alter imprinted gene dosage, which may have cumulative tumourgenic effects in addition to that of unmasking homozygous cancer-associated mutations.
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Nakabayashi K, Trujillo AM, Tayama C, Camprubi C, Yoshida W, Lapunzina P, Sanchez A, Soejima H, Aburatani H, Nagae G, Ogata T, Hata K, Monk D. Methylation screening of reciprocal genome-wide UPDs identifies novel human-specific imprinted genes. Hum Mol Genet 2011; 20:3188-97. [PMID: 21593219 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddr224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear transfer experiments undertaken in the mid-80's revealed that both maternal and paternal genomes are necessary for normal development. This is due to genomic imprinting, an epigenetic mechanism that results in parent-of-origin monoallelic expression of genes regulated by germline-derived allelic methylation. To date, ∼100 imprinted transcripts have been identified in mouse, with approximately two-thirds showing conservation in humans. It is currently unknown how many imprinted genes are present in humans, and to what extent these transcripts exhibit human-specific imprinted expression. This is mainly due to the fact that the majority of screens for imprinted genes have been undertaken in mouse, with subsequent analysis of the human orthologues. Utilizing extremely rare reciprocal genome-wide uniparental disomy samples presenting with Beckwith-Wiedemann and Silver-Russell syndrome-like phenotypes, we analyzed ∼0.1% of CpG dinculeotides present in the human genome for imprinted differentially methylated regions (DMRs) using the Illumina Infinium methylation27 BeadChip microarray. This approach identified 15 imprinted DMRs associated with characterized imprinted domains, and confirmed the maternal methylation of the RB1 DMR. In addition, we discovered two novel DMRs, first, one maternally methylated region overlapping the FAM50B promoter CpG island, which results in paternal expression of this retrotransposon. Secondly, we found a paternally methylated, bidirectional repressor located between maternally expressed ZNF597 and NAT15 genes. These three genes are biallelically expressed in mice due to lack of differential methylation, suggesting that these genes have become imprinted after the divergence of mouse and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiko Nakabayashi
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Biology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan.
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Yamazawa K, Nakabayashi K, Matsuoka K, Masubara K, Hata K, Horikawa R, Ogata T. Androgenetic/biparental mosaicism in a girl with Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome-like and upd(14)pat-like phenotypes. J Hum Genet 2010; 56:91-3. [DOI: 10.1038/jhg.2010.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Yamazawa K, Ogata T, Ferguson-Smith AC. Uniparental disomy and human disease: an overview. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART C-SEMINARS IN MEDICAL GENETICS 2010; 154C:329-34. [PMID: 20803655 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.c.30270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Uniparental disomy (UPD) refers to the situation in which both homologues of a chromosomal region/segment have originated from only one parent. This can involve the entire chromosome or only a small segment. As a consequence of UPD, or uniparental duplication/deficiency of part of a chromosome, there are two types of developmental risk: aberrant dosage of genes regulated by genomic imprinting and homozygosity of a recessive mutation. UPD models generated by reciprocal and Robertsonian translocation heterozygote intercrosses have been a powerful tool to investigate genomic imprinting in mice, whereas novel UPD patients such as those with cystic fibrosis and Prader-Willi syndrome, triggered the clarification of recessive diseases and genomic imprinting disorders in human. Newly developed genomic technologies as well as conventional microsatellite marker methods have been contributing to the functional and mechanistic investigation of UPD, leading to not only the acquisition of clinically valuable information, but also the further clarification of diverse genetic processes and disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Yamazawa
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, UK
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