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Sukuroglu AA, Burgaz S. Micronuclei and other nuclear anomalies in exfoliated urothelial cells and urinary 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine levels among Turkish hairdressers. MUTATION RESEARCH. GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2024; 896:503754. [PMID: 38821667 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2024.503754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Hairdressers are constantly occupationally exposed to many chemicals have the potential to cause allergies and carcinogenic effects, act as skin and eye irritants and induce oxidative stress and DNA damage. This study aimed to evaluate occupation-induced genotoxicity based on the presence of micronucleus (MN) and other nuclear anomalies in urothelial cells and measure oxidative DNA damage based on the 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine level in the urine of Turkish hairdressers. Originality of this study comes from that there was no study on MN and other nuclear anomalies frequencies and oxidative DNA damage in urine samples of hairdressers in the literature. The mean±standard deviation frequency (‰) of micronucleated (MNed) cells was higher in the hairdresser group (n=56) (4.81±7.87, p<0.001) than in the control group (n=56) (0.93±1.85). Nuclear buds were not observed in either group. While the frequency of basal cells was higher in the control group (446.6±106.21) than in the hairdresser group (367.78±101.51, p<0.001), the frequency of binuclear, karyolytic, pycnotic and karyorrhectic cells were higher in the hairdresser group (0.41±0.80, p<0.001; 438.02±118.27, p<0.001; 0.43±0.76, p<0.001; and 47.27±28.40, p<0.001) than in the control group (0.04±0.27, 358.57±95.71, 0.05±0.23 and 24.41±14.50). Condensed chromatins were observed only in the hairdresser group. Specific gravity adjusted 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine level was statistically lower in the hairdresser group (908.21±403.25 ng/mL-SG) compared to the control group (1003.09±327.09 ng/mL-SG) (p=0.024). No significant correlation was found between the 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine level and the frequency MN. The amount of formaldehyde released during Brazilian keratin treatment was higher than the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists -Threshold Limit Value (ACGIH-TLV; 0.1 ppm). Similarly, the amount of ethyl acetate released in three salons was above the recommended limit (400 ppm). These findings suggest that hairdressers have an increased risk of genotoxicity and cytotoxicity owing to occupational exposure, regardless of age, working hours, smoking and alcohol consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayca Aktas Sukuroglu
- Mersin University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Mersin 33169, Turkey.
| | - Sema Burgaz
- Gazi University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Ankara 06330, Turkey
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White AJ, Sandler DP, Gaston SA, Jackson CL, O’Brien KM. Use of hair products in relation to ovarian cancer risk. Carcinogenesis 2021; 42:1189-1195. [PMID: 34173819 PMCID: PMC8561257 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgab056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated whether hair products, which may contain carcinogens and endocrine disruptors that can be absorbed into the bloodstream, are related to ovarian cancer incidence in a prospective cohort. After excluding women with a history of ovarian cancer or bilateral oophorectomy, 40 559 Sister Study participants ages 35-74 at enrollment (2003-2009) were included. Participants completed questionnaires on hair product use, including hair dyes, straighteners/relaxers and permanents/body waves, in the past 12 months. Cox regression was used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between hair products and incident ovarian cancer. We assessed associations stratified by tumor type (serous, non-serous). Over a mean follow-up of 10 years, 241 women were diagnosed with ovarian cancer. Ever use of any of the examined hair products during the past year was not associated with ovarian cancer risk. However, frequent use (>4 times/year) of straighteners/relaxers or pressing products in the past year was associated with an increased risk of ovarian cancer (HR = 2.19, 95% CI: 1.12-4.27). Ever use of permanent hair dye was positively associated with non-serous (HR = 1.94, 95% CI 1.12-3.37), but inversely associated with serous (HR = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.43-0.99) tumors (p-for-heterogeneity = 0.002). Our novel findings suggest that frequent use of hair straighteners/relaxers or pressing products, which are primarily used by African American/Black women, and possibly permanent hair dye, may be associated with the occurrence of ovarian cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra J White
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Dale P Sandler
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Symielle A Gaston
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Chandra L Jackson
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC, USA
- Intramural Program, Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Katie M O’Brien
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC, USA
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White AJ, Gregoire AM, Taylor KW, Eberle C, Gaston S, O’Brien KM, Jackson CL, Sandler DP. Adolescent use of hair dyes, straighteners and perms in relation to breast cancer risk. Int J Cancer 2021; 148:2255-2263. [PMID: 33252833 PMCID: PMC7969396 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Hair products can contain hormonally active and carcinogenic compounds. Adolescence may be a period of enhanced susceptibility of the breast tissue to exposure to chemicals. We therefore evaluated associations between adolescent hair product use and breast cancer risk. Sister Study participants (ages 35-74 years) who had completed enrollment questionnaires (2003-2009) on use of hair dyes, straighteners/relaxers and perms at ages 10 to 13 years (N = 47 522) were included. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for associations between hair products and incident breast cancer (invasive cancer or ductal carcinoma in situ), with consideration of heterogeneity by menopausal status and race/ethnicity. Over an average of 10 years of follow-up, 3380 cases were diagnosed. Frequent use of straighteners and perms was associated with a higher risk of premenopausal (HR = 2.11, 95% CI: 1.26-3.55 and HR = 1.55, 95% CI: 0.96-2.53, respectively) but not postmenopausal breast cancer (HR = 0.99, 95% CI: 0.76-1.30 and HR = 1.09, 95% CI: 0.89-1.35, respectively). Permanent hair dye use during adolescence was uncommon (<3%) and not associated with breast cancer overall (HR = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.78-1.20), though any permanent dye use was associated with a higher risk among black women (HR = 1.77, 95% CI: 1.01-3.11). Although frequency of use of perms (37% non-Hispanic white vs 9% black) and straighteners (3% non-Hispanic white vs 75% black) varied by race/ethnicity, associations with breast cancer did not. Use of hair products, specifically perms and straighteners, during adolescence may be associated with a higher risk of premenopausal breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra J. White
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC
| | - Allyson M. Gregoire
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC
| | - Kyla W. Taylor
- National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC
| | - Carolyn Eberle
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Symielle Gaston
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC
| | - Katie M. O’Brien
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC
| | - Chandra L. Jackson
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC
- Intramural Program, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Dale P. Sandler
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC
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Wahlberg K, Liljedahl ER, Alhamdow A, Lindh C, Lidén C, Albin M, Tinnerberg H, Broberg K. Filaggrin variations are associated with PAH metabolites in urine and DNA alterations in blood. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 177:108600. [PMID: 31369996 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Dermal chemical exposure is common in many professions. The filaggrin protein is important for the skin barrier and variations in the filaggrin gene (FLG) may influence the uptake of chemicals via the skin, and consequently, the degree of systemic effects. The aim of this study was to investigate, in chimney sweeps with occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) from soot, the influence of variation in FLG on internal PAH dose and DNA alterations, including epigenetic, previously linked to cancer and cardiovascular disease. We used TaqMan PCR to genotype 151 chimney sweeps and 152 controls for four FLG null variants (R501X, R2447X, S3247X and 2282del4) which cause impaired skin barrier, and FLG copy number variation (12th repeat, CNV12) which potentially is beneficial for the skin barrier. The internal dose of PAH was represented by urinary PAH metabolites (e.g. 1-hydroxypyrene and 3-hydroxybenzo[a]pyrene) that we measured by LC-MS/MS. We measured epigenetic alterations (methylation of AHRR and F2RL3) in blood by pyrosequencing; and DNA alterations (telomere length and mitochondrial DNA copy number) by real-time PCR. Hypomethylation of AHRR or F2RL3 is a risk factor for lung cancer and shorter telomere length a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The frequencies of FLG null were 8.6 and 11.8% (p = 0.35), and CNV12 27.8 and 19.7% (p = 0.09) in chimney sweeps and controls, respectively. We found that among chimney sweeps working predominately with soot sweeping (high PAH exposure), CNV12 carriers had lower concentrations of PAH metabolites in urine compared with non-carriers (median 1-hydroxypyrene = 0.37 vs 0.86 μg/g creatinine respectively; p = 0.025 by linear regression models adjusted for age, BMI and smoking) compared to sweeps not carrying CNV12. Further, FLG null was associated with approximately 2.5% higher methylation of F2RL3 (cg03636183, p = 0.019 after adjustment for exposure group, age, BMI and smoking). FLG null was associated with approximately 7% shorter telomere length (p = 0.015, adjusted model). Our results suggest that FLG variations may influence the dose of PAH in highly exposed workers, possibly via dermal uptake. It also suggests that FLG variation may influence the degree of (epi)genotoxicity in the body. FLG variation is common in the working population and should be considered in risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Wahlberg
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Emelie Rietz Liljedahl
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ayman Alhamdow
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christian Lindh
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Carola Lidén
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria Albin
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Håkan Tinnerberg
- Section of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Karin Broberg
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Liljedahl ER, Wahlberg K, Lidén C, Albin M, Broberg K. Genetic variants of filaggrin are associated with occupational dermal exposure and blood DNA alterations in hairdressers. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 653:45-54. [PMID: 30399560 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.10.328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Hairdressers are exposed to high levels of chemicals, including possible carcinogens. For dermal exposure, the skin protects against the uptake of chemicals and the protein filaggrin (encoded by FLG) has a key role in skin barrier function. This study investigated if variants of FLG previously linked to impaired skin barrier function, i.e. null mutations and copy number variation (CNV) alleles (CNV10), are associated with cancer-related DNA changes. Blood and questionnaire data were collected from hairdressers (n = 295) and controls (n = 92). Exposure to aromatic amines was measured as hemoglobin adducts by gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. DNA from peripheral blood was used to test for FLG null mutations and CNV (10, 11, or 12 repeats), telomere length, and methylation of selected cancer-related genes. Hairdressers had a lower frequency of FLG null mutations (4.1 vs. 7.6%, P = 0.18) and CNV10 (43.2 vs. 56%, P = 0.0032) than controls. In hairdressers, CNV10 carriers had a decreased risk of high ortho-toluidine adducts in blood compared with non-carriers (odds ratio, OR = 0.49, 95% CI = 0.30-0.81). Further, telomere length was shorter for carriers of any FLG null allele (β = -0.18, 95% CI = -0.31 to -0.044) and CNV10 carriers (β = -0.054, 95% CI = -0.11 to -0.00051, linear regression adjusted for age, passive smoking, residence, and education) compared to non-carriers. Carriers of any FLG null allele showed higher methylation of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A gene CDKN2A (OR = 6.26, CI = 1.13-34.7), but not of the other genes analyzed. These associations were not found among the controls. Our study showed that the frequency of FLG CNV10 was lower among hairdressers than controls, which may indicate a healthy worker selection. Moreover, FLG null and CNV10 were associated with cancer-related DNA changes in hairdressers, which may influence their risk of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emelie Rietz Liljedahl
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Karin Wahlberg
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Carola Lidén
- Unit of Work Environment Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria Albin
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Unit of Occupational Medicine, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karin Broberg
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Unit of Metals and Health, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Menicagli R, Marotta O, Menicagli L. The Question on the Potential Cancerous Effects of Hair Dyes: The Monitoring of the Oxidative Stress Induced by the Hair Dyes with the Dosage of the Salivary Free Radicals. Indian J Occup Environ Med 2018; 22:109-112. [PMID: 30319234 PMCID: PMC6176700 DOI: 10.4103/ijoem.ijoem_94_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Many studies indicate the difficulty on assessing the possible carcinogenic effects of hair dyes, for their high time of the latence. Objectives: Our objective is to determine their prognostic index, by monitoring the oxidative stress, produced exposed to hair dyes, in hairdressers, and in consumers, by measuring the concentration of salivary malondialdehyde. Materials and Methods: Saliva samples are provided by the hairdressers, working in private (NP) or shopping center (CC), by users of hair dyes, for at least 10 years, and by a control group. The values of malondialdehyde are determined using the thiobarbituric acid method. The results are statistically analyzed by Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney test. Results: Comparing the three groups with tests for K-independent Kruskal–Wallis samples (dyed vs. control vs. dyed at least 10 years), there is a significant difference for the amount of MDA (P < 0.001). Proceeding for the median MDA in the subgroups by testing for two independent U-samples of Mann–Whitney: control versus dyed, P < 0.001; control versus CC, P = 0.013; control versus NP, P < 0.001; control versus 10 years, P = 0.111; CC versus NP, P = 0.001; CC versus 10 years, P = 0.462; and NP versus 10 years, P < 0.001. Discussion: In hairdressers, the increase of the salivary MDA versus control group is statistically significant (P ≤ 0.05), with an accentuation in small workplace, for age, probably for a more direct exposure to dyes' gas. Another statistically significant increase of salivary MDA is for the consumers versus control group, also function of the increasing age. Conclusions: The results of this study show a significant increase of oxidative stress in the hairdressers. This factor involves a potential carcinogenic risk, especially for the bladder, difficult to assess in the short term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Menicagli
- Department of Biochemistry, Roma Biomed Research Lab, Mediglia, Milan, Italy
| | - O Marotta
- Department of ENT, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Laura Menicagli
- Department of ENT, IRSCC Policlinico San Donato, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Goebel C, Diepgen TL, Blömeke B, Gaspari AA, Schnuch A, Fuchs A, Schlotmann K, Krasteva M, Kimber I. Skin sensitization quantitative risk assessment for occupational exposure of hairdressers to hair dye ingredients. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2018.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Abstract
Arylamines and nitroarenes are intermediates in the production of pharmaceuticals, dyes, pesticides, and plastics and are important environmental and occupational pollutants. N-Hydroxyarylamines are the toxic common intermediates of arylamines and nitroarenes. N-Hydroxyarylamines and their derivatives can form adducts with hemoglobin (Hb-adducts), albumin, DNA, and tissue proteins in a dose-dependent manner. Most of the arylamine Hb-adducts are labile and undergo hydrolysis in vitro, by mild acid or base, to form the arylamines. According to current knowledge of arylamine adduct-formation, the hydrolyzable fraction is derived from the reaction products of the arylnitroso derivatives that yield arylsulfinamide adducts with cysteine. Hb-adducts are markers for the bioavailability of N-hydroxyarylamines. Hb-adducts of arylamines and nitroarenes have been used for many biomonitoring studies for over 30 years. Hb-adducts reflect the exposure history of the last four months. Biomonitoring of urinary metabolites is a less invasive process than biomonitoring blood protein adducts, and urinary metabolites have served as short-lived biomarkers of exposure to these hazardous chemicals. However, in case of intermittent exposure, urinary metabolites may not be detected, and subjects may be misclassified as nonexposed. Arylamines and nitroarenes and/or their metabolites have been measured in urine, especially to monitor the exposure of workers. This review summarizes the results of human biomonitoring studies involving urinary metabolites and Hb-adducts of arylamines and nitroarenes. In addition, studies about the relationship between Hb-adducts and diseases are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Sabbioni
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Toxicology , Casella Postale 108, CH-6780 Airolo, Switzerland.,Alpine Institute of Chemistry and Toxicology , CH-6718 Olivone, Switzerland.,Walther-Straub-Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität , D-80336 München, Germany
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Lind ML, Johnsson S, Lidén C, Meding B, Boman A. Hairdressers' skin exposure to hair dyes during different hair dyeing tasks. Contact Dermatitis 2017; 77:303-310. [DOI: 10.1111/cod.12833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Louise Lind
- Institute of Environmental Medicine; Karolinska Institutet; 171 77 Stockholm Sweden
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Stockholm County Council; 104 22 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Stina Johnsson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine; Karolinska Institutet; 171 77 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Carola Lidén
- Institute of Environmental Medicine; Karolinska Institutet; 171 77 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Birgitta Meding
- Institute of Environmental Medicine; Karolinska Institutet; 171 77 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Anders Boman
- Institute of Environmental Medicine; Karolinska Institutet; 171 77 Stockholm Sweden
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Ledda C, Loreto C, Zammit C, Marconi A, Fago L, Matera S, Costanzo V, Sanzà GF, Palmucci S, Ferrante M, Costa C, Fenga C, Biondi A, Pomara C, Rapisarda V. Non‑infective occupational risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma: A review (Review). Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:511-533. [PMID: 28000892 PMCID: PMC5364850 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.6046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is the second leading worldwide cause of cancer‑associated mortalities. Hepatocellular carcinoma, which accounts for the majority of liver tumors, ranks fifth among types of human cancer. Well‑established risk factors for liver cancer include the hepatitis B and C viruses, aflatoxins, alcohol consumption, and oral contraceptives. Tobacco smoking, androgenic steroids, and diabetes mellitus are suspected risk factors. Current knowledge regarding non‑infective occupational risk factors for liver cancer is inconclusive. The relevance of liver disorders to occupational medicine lies in the fact that the majority of chemicals are metabolized in the liver, and toxic metabolites generated via metabolism are the predominant cause of liver damage. However, their non‑specific clinical manifestations that are similar in a number of liver diseases make diagnosis difficult. Furthermore, concomitant conditions, such as viral hepatitis and alcohol or drug abuse, may mask liver disorders that result from occupational hepatotoxic agents and block the demonstration of an occupational cause. The identification of environmental agents that result in human cancer is a long and often difficult process. The purpose of the present review is to summarize current knowledge regarding the association of non‑infective occupational risk exposure and HCC, to encourage further research and draw attention to this global occupational public health problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Ledda
- Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
- Hygiene and Public Health, Department of Medical Sciences, Surgical and Advanced Technologies ‘GF Ingrassia’, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Carla Loreto
- Human Anatomy and Histology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnology Sciences, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Christian Zammit
- Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, MSD-2080 Msida, Malta
| | - Andrea Marconi
- Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Lucrezia Fago
- Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Serena Matera
- Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Valentina Costanzo
- Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Giovanni Fuccio Sanzà
- Division of Radiology, ‘Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele’ University Hospital, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Stefano Palmucci
- Division of Radiology, ‘Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele’ University Hospital, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Margherita Ferrante
- Hygiene and Public Health, Department of Medical Sciences, Surgical and Advanced Technologies ‘GF Ingrassia’, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Chiara Costa
- Occupational Medicine, Department of the Environment, Safety, Territory, Food and Health Sciences, University of Messina, I-98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Concettina Fenga
- Occupational Medicine, Department of the Environment, Safety, Territory, Food and Health Sciences, University of Messina, I-98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Antonio Biondi
- General Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Cristoforo Pomara
- Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, MSD-2080 Msida, Malta
- Forensic Pathology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, I-71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Venerando Rapisarda
- Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
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11
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Tailored routes for home-made Bi-doped ZnO nanoparticles. Photocatalytic performances towards o-toluidine, a toxic water pollutant. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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12
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Rapisarda V, Loreto C, Malaguarnera M, Ardiri A, Proiti M, Rigano G, Frazzetto E, Ruggeri MI, Malaguarnera G, Bertino N, Malaguarnera M, Catania VE, Di Carlo I, Toro A, Bertino E, Mangano D, Bertino G. Hepatocellular carcinoma and the risk of occupational exposure. World J Hepatol 2016; 8:573-90. [PMID: 27168870 PMCID: PMC4858622 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v8.i13.573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of liver cancer. The main risk factors for HCC are alcoholism, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, obesity, type 2 diabetes, cirrhosis, aflatoxin, hemochromatosis, Wilson's disease and hemophilia. Occupational exposure to chemicals is another risk factor for HCC. Often the relationship between occupational risk and HCC is unclear and the reports are fragmented and inconsistent. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge regarding the association of infective and non-infective occupational risk exposure and HCC in order to encourage further research and draw attention to this global occupational public health problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venerando Rapisarda
- Venerando Rapisarda, Dario Mangano, Occupational Medi-cine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Carla Loreto
- Venerando Rapisarda, Dario Mangano, Occupational Medi-cine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Michele Malaguarnera
- Venerando Rapisarda, Dario Mangano, Occupational Medi-cine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Annalisa Ardiri
- Venerando Rapisarda, Dario Mangano, Occupational Medi-cine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Proiti
- Venerando Rapisarda, Dario Mangano, Occupational Medi-cine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Rigano
- Venerando Rapisarda, Dario Mangano, Occupational Medi-cine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Evelise Frazzetto
- Venerando Rapisarda, Dario Mangano, Occupational Medi-cine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Irene Ruggeri
- Venerando Rapisarda, Dario Mangano, Occupational Medi-cine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Giulia Malaguarnera
- Venerando Rapisarda, Dario Mangano, Occupational Medi-cine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Bertino
- Venerando Rapisarda, Dario Mangano, Occupational Medi-cine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Mariano Malaguarnera
- Venerando Rapisarda, Dario Mangano, Occupational Medi-cine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Vito Emanuele Catania
- Venerando Rapisarda, Dario Mangano, Occupational Medi-cine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Isidoro Di Carlo
- Venerando Rapisarda, Dario Mangano, Occupational Medi-cine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Adriana Toro
- Venerando Rapisarda, Dario Mangano, Occupational Medi-cine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Emanuele Bertino
- Venerando Rapisarda, Dario Mangano, Occupational Medi-cine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Dario Mangano
- Venerando Rapisarda, Dario Mangano, Occupational Medi-cine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Gaetano Bertino
- Venerando Rapisarda, Dario Mangano, Occupational Medi-cine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
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13
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Li H, Åkerman G, Lidén C, Alhamdow A, Wojdacz TK, Broberg K, Albin M. Alterations of telomere length and DNA methylation in hairdressers: A cross-sectional study. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2016; 57:159-167. [PMID: 26637967 DOI: 10.1002/em.21991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Working as hairdressers has been associated with increased risk for cancer, particularly bladder cancer. To evaluate if current hairdressers have elevated risks of adverse health effects, we measured several biomarkers related to cancer-related DNA alterations. We enrolled 295 hairdressers and 92 non-hairdressers (all female non-smokers) from Stockholm and southern Sweden. Questionnaire data were collected for each participant, including work tasks for the hairdressers. We measured telomere length in peripheral blood leucocytes using quantitative PCR and DNA methylation status of genes relevant for bladder cancer using methylation sensitive high resolution melting analysis. The hairdressers had shorter telomeres (β = -0.069, P = 0.019) compared with non-hairdressers. Shorter telomeres were found in hairdressers up to 32 years old performing hair waving more than once per week as compared with hairdressers in the same age group performing hair waving less often (β = -0.12, P = 0.037). Hair waving was associated with less frequent CDKN2A methylation (odds ratio, OR = 0.19, P = 0.033). Shorter telomeres in hairdressers may indicate a genotoxic effect. Performing hair waving was associated with short telomere length, although the effect was only observed in young hairdressers. No clear patterns were discerned with regard to DNA methylation of bladder cancer-related genes. The observed changes of methylation were not all in the expected direction and warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqi Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Gabriella Åkerman
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Carola Lidén
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ayman Alhamdow
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tomasz K Wojdacz
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karin Broberg
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria Albin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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14
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Yap KK, Neuhaus SJ. Making cancer visible--Dyes in surgical oncology. Surg Oncol 2015; 25:30-6. [PMID: 26979638 DOI: 10.1016/j.suronc.2015.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2015] [Revised: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Dyes share an intricate relationship with oncology. Dyes can cause cancer as chemical carcinogens, but can also be harnessed against cancer when used as diagnostic and therapeutic agents. Histopathology, imaging, and newer molecular diagnostics all rely on dyes, and their use in sentinel lymph node biopsies and intra-operative imaging has helped drive a paradigm shift in cancer surgery towards minimally-invasive and organ sparing approaches with enhanced resection accuracy. As therapeutic agents, the cytotoxicity of specific dyes can be employed in direct chemo-ablation or in photodynamic therapy. The same agent can have dual functionalities in cancer detection and treatment, in a novel field known as theranostics. This is facilitated by newer generation dyes conjugated with tumour-targeting probes such as antibodies, and these bio-conjugate agents can also incorporate nanotechnology or radio-isotopes. Further advances will be closely aligned with our increasing understanding of molecular oncology, and will form a new generation of cancer detection and treatment agents that promote precision medicine for cancer. Dyes and their roles have evolved and been reinvented, but they remain relevant as ever. This review explores the fascinating history of dyes, and their place in the state-of-the-art of oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiryu K Yap
- Discipline of Medicine & Department of Surgery, University of Adelaide, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
| | - Susan J Neuhaus
- Discipline of Medicine & Department of Surgery, University of Adelaide, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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15
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Oreskov KW, Søsted H, Johansen JD. Glove use among hairdressers: difficulties in the correct use of gloves among hairdressers and the effect of education. Contact Dermatitis 2015; 72:362-6. [DOI: 10.1111/cod.12336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Revised: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katia W. Oreskov
- Department of Dermato-Allergology; The National Allergy Research Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital Gentofte; Kildegårdsvej 28 DK-2900 Hellerup Denmark
| | - Heidi Søsted
- Department of Dermato-Allergology; Research Centre for Hairdressers and Beauticians, Copenhagen University Hospital Gentofte; Kildegårdsvej 28 DK-2900 Hellerup Denmark
| | - Jeanne D. Johansen
- Department of Dermato-Allergology; The National Allergy Research Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital Gentofte; Kildegårdsvej 28 DK-2900 Hellerup Denmark
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