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de Paula Silva N, Colombet M, Moreno F, Erdmann F, Dolya A, Piñeros M, Stiller CA, Steliarova-Foucher E. Incidence of childhood cancer in Latin America and the Caribbean: coverage, patterns, and time trends. Rev Panam Salud Publica 2024; 48:e11. [PMID: 38410357 PMCID: PMC10896122 DOI: 10.26633/rpsp.2024.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To provide a comprehensive overview of geographical patterns (2001-2010) and time trends (1993-2012) of cancer incidence in children aged 0-19 years in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) and interpret the findings in the context of global patterns. Methods Geographical variations in 2001-2010 and incidence trends over 1993-2012 in the population of LAC younger than 20 years were described using the database of the third volume of the International Incidence of Childhood Cancer study containing comparable data. Age-specific incidence per million person-years (ASR) was calculated for population subgroups and age-standardized (WSR) using the world standard population. Results Overall, 36 744 unique cases were included in this study. In 2001-2010 the overall WSR in age 0-14 years was 132.6. The most frequent were leukemia (WSR 48.7), central nervous system neoplasms (WSR 23.0), and lymphoma (WSR 16.6). The overall ASR in age group 15-19 years was 152.3 with lymphoma ranking first (ASR 30.2). Incidence was higher in males than in females, and higher in South America than in Central America and the Caribbean. Compared with global data LAC incidence was lower overall, except for leukemia and lymphoma at age 0-14 years and the other and unspecified tumors at any age. Overall incidence at age 0-19 years increased by 1.0% per year (95% CI [0.6, 1.3]) over 1993-2012. The included registries covered 16% of population aged 0-14 years and 10% of population aged 15-19 years. Conclusions The observed patterns provide a baseline to assess the status and evolution of childhood cancer occurrence in the region. Extended and sustained support of cancer registration is required to improve representativeness and timeliness of data for childhood cancer control in LAC.
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van der Meer DJ, Karim-Kos HE, Elzevier HW, Dinkelman-Smit M, Kerst JM, Atema V, Lehmann V, Husson O, van der Graaf WTA. The increasing burden of testicular seminomas and non-seminomas in adolescents and young adults (AYAs): incidence, treatment, disease-specific survival and mortality trends in the Netherlands between 1989 and 2019. ESMO Open 2024; 9:102231. [PMID: 38244349 PMCID: PMC10937200 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2023.102231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Testicular cancer incidence among adolescents and young adults (AYAs, aged 18-39 years at diagnosis) is increasing worldwide and most patients will survive the initial disease. Still, detailed epidemiological information about testicular cancer among AYAs is scarce. This study aimed to provide a detailed overview of testicular cancer trends in incidence, treatment, long-term relative survival and mortality by histological subtype among AYAs diagnosed in the Netherlands between 1989 and 2019. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data of all malignant testicular cancers (ICD-code C62) were extracted from the Netherlands Cancer Registry. Mortality data were retrieved from Statistics Netherlands. European age-standardized incidence and mortality rates with average annual percentage change statistics and relative survival estimates up to 20 years of follow-up were calculated. RESULTS A total of 12 528 testicular cancers were diagnosed between 1989 and 2019. Comparing 1989-1999 to 2010-2019, the incidence increased from 4.4 to 11.4 for seminomas and from 5.7 to 11.1 per 100 000 person-years for non-seminomas. Rising trends were most prominent for localized disease. Radiotherapy use in localized testicular seminomas declined from 78% in 1989-1993 to 5% in 2015-2019. Meanwhile, there was a slight increase in chemotherapy use. Most AYAs with localized seminomas and non-seminomas received active surveillance only (>80%). Overall, relative survival estimates remained well above 90% even at 20 years of follow-up for both seminomas and non-seminomas. Mortality rates declined from 0.5 to 0.4 per 100 000 person-years between 1989-1999 and 2010-2019. CONCLUSIONS The incidence of seminoma and non-seminoma testicular cancers significantly increased in AYAs in the Netherlands between 1989 and 2019. There was a shift towards less-aggressive treatment regimens without negative survival effects. Relative survival estimates remained well above 90% at 20 years of follow-up in most cases. Testicular cancer mortality was already low, but has improved further over time, which makes survivorship care an important issue for these young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- D J van der Meer
- Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam; Department of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam; Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam.
| | - H E Karim-Kos
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht; Department of Research and Development, Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organization (IKNL), Utrecht
| | - H W Elzevier
- Department of Urology and Medical Decision Making, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden
| | - M Dinkelman-Smit
- Department of Urology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam
| | - J M Kerst
- Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam
| | - V Atema
- Department of Research and Development, Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organization (IKNL), Utrecht
| | - V Lehmann
- Department of Medical Psychology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam; Cancer Center Amsterdam (CCA), Amsterdam
| | - O Husson
- Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam; Department of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam; Department of Surgical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - W T A van der Graaf
- Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam; Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam
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3
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Paul A, Danjou AMN, Deygas F, Guth M, Coste A, Lefevre M, Dananché B, Kromhout H, Spinosi J, Béranger R, Pérol O, Boyle H, Hersant C, Loup-Cabaniols V, Veau S, Bujan L, Olsson A, Schüz J, Fervers B, Charbotel B. Parental occupations at birth and risk of adult testicular germ cell tumors in offspring: a French nationwide case-control study. Front Public Health 2024; 11:1303998. [PMID: 38292387 PMCID: PMC10825020 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1303998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT) are the most frequent cancer in young men in developed countries. Parental occupational exposures during early-life periods are suspected to increase TGCT risk. The objective was to estimate the association between parental occupations at birth and adult TGCT. Methods A case-control study was conducted, including 454 TGCT cases aged 18-45 from 20 French university hospitals, matched to 670 controls based on region and year of birth. Data collected from participants included parental jobs at birth coded according to the International Standard Classification of Occupation-1968 and the French nomenclature of activities-1999. Odds ratios (OR) for TGCT and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using conditional logistic regression, adjusting for TGCT risk factors. Results Paternal jobs at birth as service workers (OR = 1.98, CI 1.18-3.30), protective service workers (OR = 2.40, CI 1.20-4.81), transport equipment operators (OR = 1.96, CI 1.14-3.37), specialized farmers (OR = 2.66, CI 1.03-6.90), and maternal jobs as secondary education teachers (OR = 2.27, CI 1.09-4.76) or in secondary education (OR = 2.35, CI 1.13-4.88) were significantly associated with adult TGCT. The risk of seminoma was increased for the above-mentioned paternal jobs and that of non-seminomas for public administration and defence; compulsory social security (OR = 1.99, CI 1.09-3.65); general, economic, and social administration (OR = 3.21, CI 1.23-8.39) for fathers; and secondary education teacher (OR = 4.67, CI 1.87-11.67) and secondary education (OR = 3.50, CI 1.36-9.01) for mothers. Conclusion Some paternal jobs, such as service workers, transport equipment operators, or specialized farmers, and maternal jobs in secondary education seem to be associated with an increased risk of TGCT with specific features depending on the histological type. These data allow hypotheses to be put forward for further studies as to the involvement of occupational exposures in the risk of developing TGCT, such as exposure to pesticides, solvents, or heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adèle Paul
- UMRESTTE (Epidemiological Research and Surveillance Unit in Transport, Occupation and Environment), Lyon 1 University, Eiffel University, Lyon, France
- Department of Occupational Health, AMEBAT, Nantes, France
| | - Aurélie M. N. Danjou
- Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer/World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Floriane Deygas
- UMRESTTE (Epidemiological Research and Surveillance Unit in Transport, Occupation and Environment), Lyon 1 University, Eiffel University, Lyon, France
- Département Prévention, Cancer et Environnement, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Margot Guth
- UMRESTTE (Epidemiological Research and Surveillance Unit in Transport, Occupation and Environment), Lyon 1 University, Eiffel University, Lyon, France
| | - Astrid Coste
- Département Prévention, Cancer et Environnement, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Marie Lefevre
- UMRESTTE (Epidemiological Research and Surveillance Unit in Transport, Occupation and Environment), Lyon 1 University, Eiffel University, Lyon, France
| | - Brigitte Dananché
- Département Prévention, Cancer et Environnement, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Hans Kromhout
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute or Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Johan Spinosi
- UMRESTTE (Epidemiological Research and Surveillance Unit in Transport, Occupation and Environment), Lyon 1 University, Eiffel University, Lyon, France
- Direction Santé Travail, Santé Public France, Saint Maurice, France
| | - Rémi Béranger
- Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail), Rennes, France
| | - Olivia Pérol
- Département Prévention, Cancer et Environnement, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Helen Boyle
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | | | - Vanessa Loup-Cabaniols
- Department of Reproductive Biology, CECOS, University Hospital of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Ségolène Veau
- Department of Reproductive Medicine and Biology, CECOS, CHU Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Louis Bujan
- DEFE (Développement Embryonnaire, Fertilité, Environnement) INSERM 1202 Universités Montpellier et Toulouse 3, CECOS Hôpital Paule de Viguier, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- Fédération Française des CECOS, Paris, France
| | - Ann Olsson
- Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer/World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Joachim Schüz
- Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer/World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Béatrice Fervers
- Département Prévention, Cancer et Environnement, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
- Inserm UA1296 Radiations: Défense, Santé, Environnement, Lyon, France
| | - Barbara Charbotel
- UMRESTTE (Epidemiological Research and Surveillance Unit in Transport, Occupation and Environment), Lyon 1 University, Eiffel University, Lyon, France
- CRPPE Lyon (Centre Régional de Pathologies Professionnelles et Environnementales), Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
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Faja F, Esteves S, Pallotti F, Cicolani G, Di Chiano S, Delli Paoli E, Lenzi A, Lombardo F, Paoli D. Environmental disruptors and testicular cancer. Endocrine 2022; 78:429-435. [PMID: 36036879 PMCID: PMC9637059 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-022-03171-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Testicular cancer (TC) is the most common malignancy among young adult males. The etiology is multifactorial, and both environmental and genetic factors play an essential role in the origin and development of this tumor. In particular, exposure to environmental endocrine disruptors (EEDs), resulting from industrialization and urbanization, seems crucial both in pre-and postnatal life. However, the lack of long-term studies on a wide caseload and the difficulty in evaluating their toxic effects in vivo make it challenging to establish a causal link. This review aims to discuss the main human epidemiological studies currently available in the literature to define a possible association between these chemicals and TC. METHODS A comprehensive Medline/PubMed and Embase search was performed, selecting all relevant, peer-reviewed papers in English published from 2002 to January 2022. Other relevant papers were selected from the reference lists. RESULTS To date, literature evidence is limited due to the scarcity and heterogeneity of human studies and shows controversial data, highlighting the complexity of the topic. However, most human epidemiological studies seem to point toward a correlation between EEDs exposure and TC. CONCLUSION Although the molecular mechanisms are not yet fully understood, the role of EEDs in TC onset is plausible, but several factors, such as the individual genetic background, the exposure time, and the complex mechanism of action of these chemicals, do not allow defining the causal link with certainty and make further studies necessary to investigate this complex topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Faja
- Laboratory of Seminology-Sperm Bank "Loredana Gandini", Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Sandro Esteves
- Andrology and Human Reproduction Clinic, Av. Dr. Heitor Penteado, 1464, Campinas, Brazil
- Faculty of Health, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Francesco Pallotti
- Laboratory of Seminology-Sperm Bank "Loredana Gandini", Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Gaia Cicolani
- Laboratory of Seminology-Sperm Bank "Loredana Gandini", Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Di Chiano
- Laboratory of Seminology-Sperm Bank "Loredana Gandini", Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Delli Paoli
- Laboratory of Seminology-Sperm Bank "Loredana Gandini", Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Lenzi
- Laboratory of Seminology-Sperm Bank "Loredana Gandini", Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Lombardo
- Laboratory of Seminology-Sperm Bank "Loredana Gandini", Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Donatella Paoli
- Laboratory of Seminology-Sperm Bank "Loredana Gandini", Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" Università di Roma, Rome, Italy.
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5
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Bräuner EV, Lim YH, Koch T, Uldbjerg CS, Gregersen LS, Pedersen MK, Frederiksen H, Petersen JH, Coull BA, Andersson AM, Hickey M, Skakkebæk NE, Hauser R, Juul A. Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals and Risk of Testicular Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106:e4834-e4860. [PMID: 34270734 PMCID: PMC8864757 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of many hormone-dependent diseases, including testicular cancer, has sharply increased in all high-income countries during the 20th century. This is not fully explained by established risk factors. Concurrent, increasing exposure to antiandrogenic environmental endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in fetal life may partially explain this trend. This systematic review assessed available evidence regarding the association between environmental EDC exposure and risk of testicular cancer (seminomas and nonseminomas). Following PRISMA guidelines, a search of English peer-reviewed literature published prior to December 14, 2020 in the databases PubMed and Embase® was performed. Among the 279 identified records, 19 were eligible for quality assessment and 10 for further meta-analysis. The completeness of reporting was high across papers, but over 50% were considered subject to potential risk of bias. Mean age at diagnosis was 31.9 years. None considered effects of EDC multipollutant mixtures. The meta-analyses showed that maternal exposure to combined EDCs was associated with a higher risk of testicular cancer in male offspring [summary risk ratios: 2.16, (95% CI:1.78-2.62), 1.93 (95% CI:1.49-2.48), and 2.78 (95% CI:2.27-3.41) for all, seminoma, and nonseminoma, respectively]. Similarly, high maternal exposures to grouped organochlorines and organohalogens were associated with higher risk of seminoma and nonseminoma in the offspring. Summary estimates related to postnatal adult male EDC exposures were inconsistent. Maternal, but not postnatal adult male, EDC exposures were consistently associated with a higher risk of testicular cancer, particularly risk of nonseminomas. However, the quality of studies was mixed, and considering the fields complexity, more prospective studies of prenatal EDC multipollutant mixture exposures and testicular cancer are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvira V Bräuner
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Research and Research Training Centre in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Youn-Hee Lim
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Trine Koch
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Research and Research Training Centre in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Cecilie S Uldbjerg
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Research and Research Training Centre in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Laura S Gregersen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Research and Research Training Centre in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marc K Pedersen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hanne Frederiksen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Research and Research Training Centre in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jørgen H Petersen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Research and Research Training Centre in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
- Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Brent A Coull
- Department of Biostatistics, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, USA
| | - Anna-Maria Andersson
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Research and Research Training Centre in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martha Hickey
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VC, Australia
| | - Niels E Skakkebæk
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Research and Research Training Centre in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Russ Hauser
- Department of Environmental Health, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, USA
| | - Anders Juul
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Research and Research Training Centre in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Correspondence: Anders Juul, MD, DMSc, PhD, Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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6
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Danjou AMN, Pérol O, Coste A, Faure E, Béranger R, Boyle H, Belladame E, Grassot L, Dubuis M, Spinosi J, Bouaoun L, Fléchon A, Bujan L, Drouineaud V, Eustache F, Berthaut I, Perrin J, Brugnon F, Charbotel B, Schüz J, Fervers B. Domestic use of pesticides during early periods of development and risk of testicular germ cell tumors in adulthood: a French nationwide case-control study. Environ Health 2021; 20:111. [PMID: 34706722 PMCID: PMC8554827 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-021-00795-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Testicular germ cell tumours (TGCT) are the most frequent cancers in young men in developed countries and their incidence rate has doubled worldwide over the past 40 years. Early life exposures to pesticides are suspected to increase TGCT risk. Our research aimed at estimating adult TGCT risk associated with parental domestic use of pesticides during early periods of child development. METHODS We conducted a case-control study of 304 TGCT cases, aged 18-45 years old, recruited in 20 French university hospitals, and 274 controls frequency-matched on hospital and birth year. Participants' mothers provided information on their domestic use of pesticides from 1 year before start of pregnancy to 1 year after their son's birth, for gardening activities, treatment of indoor plants, pets, wood and mold, and pest control. Odds ratios (OR) for TGCT (overall and by histological subtype) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using conditional logistic regression. RESULTS Prevalence of reported domestic use of pesticides was 77.3% for insecticides, 15.9% for fungicides and 12.1% for herbicides. While no association was found for any use of insecticides (OR = 1.27, CI = 0.80-2.01) or herbicides (OR = 1.15, CI = 0.67-2.00), elevated risks of TGCT overall (OR = 1.73, CI = 1.04-2.87) and non-seminoma subtype (OR = 2.44, CI = 1.26-4.74) were observed for any use of fungicides. When specific purposes were examined, using fungicides and/or insecticides for woodwork (OR = 2.35, CI = 1.06-5.20) and using insecticides on cats and dogs (OR = 1.95, CI = 1.12-3.40) were associated with increased risk of non-seminoma subtype. We found no association for seminoma subtype. CONCLUSIONS Although recall bias may partially explain the elevated ORs, our study provides some evidence of a positive association between domestic use of pesticides during early periods of development, particularly fungicides and risk of adult TGCT and non-seminoma. Given the common domestic use of pesticides in France, further research on TGCT risk is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie M. N. Danjou
- Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer/World Health Organization, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon, Cedex 08 France
| | - Olivia Pérol
- Département Prévention, Cancer et Environnement, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
- INSERM UMR1296 Radiation: Defense, Health, Environment, Lyon, France
| | - Astrid Coste
- Département Prévention, Cancer et Environnement, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
- INSERM UMR1296 Radiation: Defense, Health, Environment, Lyon, France
| | - Elodie Faure
- Département Prévention, Cancer et Environnement, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Univ. Paris-Sud, INSERM, Gustave Roussy, Équipe “Exposome et Hérédité”, CESP, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Rémi Béranger
- IRSET (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail), UMR S 1085, INSERM, EHESP, CHU Rennes, Rennes University, Rennes, France
| | - Helen Boyle
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Elodie Belladame
- Département Prévention, Cancer et Environnement, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Lény Grassot
- Département Prévention, Cancer et Environnement, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Matthieu Dubuis
- Département Prévention, Cancer et Environnement, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Johan Spinosi
- Direction Santé Travail, équipe associée à L’UMRESTTE (UMR T 9405 Université Lyon 1, IFSTTAR), Santé publique France, Lyon, France
| | - Liacine Bouaoun
- Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer/World Health Organization, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon, Cedex 08 France
| | - Aude Fléchon
- Département Prévention, Cancer et Environnement, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Louis Bujan
- DEFE (Développement Embryonnaire, Fertilité, Environnement) INSERM 1202 Universités Montpellier et Toulouse 3, CECOS Hôpital Paule de Viguier, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- Fédération Française des CECOS, Paris, France
| | - Véronique Drouineaud
- Fédération Française des CECOS, Paris, France
- CECOS Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Florence Eustache
- Fédération Française des CECOS, Paris, France
- Laboratoire d’Histologie, Biologie de la Reproduction, CECOS Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Berthaut
- Fédération Française des CECOS, Paris, France
- Laboratoire d’Histologie, Biologie de la Reproduction, CECOS Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France
- APHP Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Jeanne Perrin
- Fédération Française des CECOS, Paris, France
- CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Avignon University, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
- Centre Clinico-Biologique d’AMP-CECOS, AP-HM La Conception University Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - Florence Brugnon
- Fédération Française des CECOS, Paris, France
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Estaing, AMP, CECOS, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- IMOST, INSERM U1240, Faculté Médecine Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Barbara Charbotel
- Département Prévention, Cancer et Environnement, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
- UMRESTTE, UMR T 9405, IFSTTAR, Lyon 1 University, Lyon University, Eiffel University, Lyon, France
| | - Joachim Schüz
- Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer/World Health Organization, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon, Cedex 08 France
| | - Béatrice Fervers
- Département Prévention, Cancer et Environnement, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
- INSERM UMR1296 Radiation: Defense, Health, Environment, Lyon, France
| | - For the TESTIS study group
- Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer/World Health Organization, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon, Cedex 08 France
- Département Prévention, Cancer et Environnement, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
- INSERM UMR1296 Radiation: Defense, Health, Environment, Lyon, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Univ. Paris-Sud, INSERM, Gustave Roussy, Équipe “Exposome et Hérédité”, CESP, 94805 Villejuif, France
- IRSET (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail), UMR S 1085, INSERM, EHESP, CHU Rennes, Rennes University, Rennes, France
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
- Direction Santé Travail, équipe associée à L’UMRESTTE (UMR T 9405 Université Lyon 1, IFSTTAR), Santé publique France, Lyon, France
- DEFE (Développement Embryonnaire, Fertilité, Environnement) INSERM 1202 Universités Montpellier et Toulouse 3, CECOS Hôpital Paule de Viguier, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- Fédération Française des CECOS, Paris, France
- CECOS Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
- Laboratoire d’Histologie, Biologie de la Reproduction, CECOS Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France
- APHP Sorbonne University, Paris, France
- CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Avignon University, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
- Centre Clinico-Biologique d’AMP-CECOS, AP-HM La Conception University Hospital, Marseille, France
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Estaing, AMP, CECOS, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- IMOST, INSERM U1240, Faculté Médecine Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- UMRESTTE, UMR T 9405, IFSTTAR, Lyon 1 University, Lyon University, Eiffel University, Lyon, France
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7
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Cargnelutti F, Di Nisio A, Pallotti F, Sabovic I, Spaziani M, Tarsitano MG, Paoli D, Foresta C. Effects of endocrine disruptors on fetal testis development, male puberty, and transition age. Endocrine 2021; 72:358-374. [PMID: 32757113 PMCID: PMC8128728 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-020-02436-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Endocrine disruptors (EDs) are exogenous substances able to impair endocrine system; consequently, they may cause numerous adverse effects. Over the last years, particular focus has been given to their harmful effects on reproductive system, but very little is known, especially in males. The aim of this review is to discuss the detrimental effects of EDs exposure on fetal testis development, male puberty, and transition age. METHODS A search for the existing literature focusing on the impact of EDs on fetal testis development, male puberty, andrological parameters (anogenital distance, penile length, and testicular volume), and testicular cancer with particular regard to pubertal age provided the most current information available for this review. Human evidence-based reports were given priority over animal and in vitro experimental results. Given the paucity of available articles on this subject, all resources were given careful consideration. RESULTS Information about the consequences associated with EDs exposure in the current literature is limited and often conflicting, due to the scarcity of human studies and their heterogeneity. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that current evidence does not clarify the impact of EDs on human male reproductive health, although severe harmful effects had been reported in animals. Despite controversial results, overall conclusion points toward a positive association between exposure to EDs and reproductive system damage. Further long-term studies performed on wide number of subjects are necessary in order to identify damaging compounds and remove them from the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Cargnelutti
- Laboratory of Seminology-Sperm Bank "Loredana Gandini", Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Di Nisio
- Department of Medicine, Operative Unit of Andrology and Medicine of Human Reproduction, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani, 2, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | - Francesco Pallotti
- Laboratory of Seminology-Sperm Bank "Loredana Gandini", Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Iva Sabovic
- Department of Medicine, Operative Unit of Andrology and Medicine of Human Reproduction, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani, 2, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | - Matteo Spaziani
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Tarsitano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Donatella Paoli
- Laboratory of Seminology-Sperm Bank "Loredana Gandini", Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - Carlo Foresta
- Department of Medicine, Operative Unit of Andrology and Medicine of Human Reproduction, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani, 2, 35128, Padua, Italy
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8
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Environmental chemicals in dog testes reflect their geographical source and may be associated with altered pathology. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7361. [PMID: 33795811 PMCID: PMC8016893 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86805-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
In humans and dogs, a temporal decline in semen quality and increased incidence of testicular cancer is hypothesised to be associated with exposure to anthropogenic chemicals, particularly during fetal development. Human studies suggest that differential exposures to environmental chemicals may be associated with geographical differences in male reproductive health. Here we investigate testicular chemical profiles and pathologies in dogs residing in the UK [West Midlands (WM), East Midlands (EM), South East (SE)], Denmark (Copenhagen) and Finland (Vantaa). Testes, surplus from routine castrations, contained region specific differences in relative concentrations of diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB). Relative to UK regions, testes from dogs living in Finland and Denmark had higher concentrations of PBDE and lower concentrations of DEHP and PCBs. Regional differences in the UK in PCB concentrations were also observed. Dog testes from Finland had fewer pathologies, reduced testicular area stained for Sertoli and germ cells and evidence of reduced cellular proliferation. Since the geographical differences in testis pathologies in dogs parallel reports of regional differences in human testicular cancer, we postulate that this may reflect chemical effects within the testis and that this may be related to environmental influences on male reproductive function.
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9
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Zarka M, Tretarre B, Rebillard X, Murez T, Daures JP, Azria D, Serre I, Brel D, Ramay AS, Reis Borges R, Gevorgyan A, Hutin M, Marchal S, Korahanis N, Iborra F, Thuret R. [Cancers of the external genital organs of male in Hérault: Results from the Hérault tumor register (RTH) over a period of 30 years (1987-2016)]. Prog Urol 2021; 31:282-292. [PMID: 33593695 DOI: 10.1016/j.purol.2020.08.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM The objective of this study is to present the history of cancers of the external genital organs of male in Hérault using data from the Hérault tumor register (RTH) over a period of 30 years. PATIENTS AND METHODS Using the RTH database, we studied the development of testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT) and penile cancer (PC) over 30 years, from 1987 to 2016. We analyzed the incidence and mortality data for these tumors. We compared these results to French, European and global data. RESULTS In 30 years of registration we have recorded 725 cases of TGCT and 175 cases of PC. The age standardized incidence rate (ASR) of TGCT has doubled between 1987 and 2016 (4.2 per 100,000 in 1987 and 9.3 per 100,000 in 2016). It was multiplied by 2.63 in the population of patients aged 30 to 44. There is a decrease of the mortality rate with a ASR of 0.8 deaths per 100,000 in 1987, and 0.4/100 000 in 2016. The PC incidence ASR was stable between 1987 and 2016 (0.4-0.9/100,000). Mortality is stable with a ASR between 0.1 and 0.3 deaths per 100,000 between 1987 and 2016. CONCLUSION The incidence of TGCT has increased sharply in the Hérault over the past 30 years, while a decrease in mortality has been observed. The proportion of seminomas is increasing; it has gone from 53 % to 60 % in 30 years in the Hérault. The incidence and mortality of PC shows a stability in the Hérault over the past 30 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Zarka
- Service d'urologie et transplantation rénale, CHU Montpellier Lapeyronie, 371, avenue du Doyen Gaston-Giraud, 34090 Montpellier, France.
| | - B Tretarre
- Registre des tumeurs de l'Hérault, Montpellier, France
| | - X Rebillard
- Service d'urologie, clinique beau soleil, Montpellier, France
| | - T Murez
- Service d'urologie et transplantation rénale, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - J P Daures
- Clinique beau soleil, IURC, Montpellier, France
| | - D Azria
- ICM, Univ Montpellier, inserm U 1194, Montpellier, France
| | - I Serre
- Service d'anatomopathologie, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - D Brel
- Service d'anatomopathologie, CH Béziers, Béziers, France
| | - A S Ramay
- Laboratoire de biologie médicale Medipath, Montpellier, France
| | - R Reis Borges
- Laboratoire de biologie médicale Labosud-Ob Biologie, Montpellier, France
| | - A Gevorgyan
- Polyclinique Saint-Privat, Boujan sur Libron, France
| | - M Hutin
- Service d'urologie, clinique beau soleil, Montpellier, France
| | - S Marchal
- Clinique du parc, Castelnau-le-lez, France
| | | | - F Iborra
- Service d'urologie et transplantation rénale, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - R Thuret
- Service d'urologie et transplantation rénale, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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10
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Bonde JPE, Tøttenborg SS, Hougaard KS. Paternal environmental exposure and offspring health. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coemr.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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11
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Ylönen O, Jyrkkiö S, Pukkala E, Syvänen K, Boström PJ. Time trends and occupational variation in the incidence of testicular cancer in the Nordic countries. BJU Int 2018; 122:384-393. [PMID: 29460991 DOI: 10.1111/bju.14148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the trends and occupational variation in the incidence of testicular cancer in the Nordic countries utilising national cancer registries, NORDCAN (NORDCAN project/database presents the incidence, mortality, prevalence and survival from >50 cancers in the Nordic countries) and NOCCA (Nordic Occupational Cancer) databases. PATIENTS AND METHODS We obtained the incidence data of testicular cancer for 5-year periods from 1960-1964 to 2000-2014 and for 5-year age-groups from the NORDCAN database. Morphological data on incident cases of seminoma and non-seminoma were obtained from national cancer registries. Age-standardised incidence rates (ASR) were calculated per 100 000 person-years (World Standard). Regression analysis was used to evaluate the annual change in the incidence of testicular cancer in each of the Nordic countries. The risk of testicular cancer in different professions was described based on NOCCA information and expressed as standardised incidence ratios (SIRs). RESULTS During 2010-2014 the ASR for testicular cancer varied from 11.3 in Norway to 5.8 in Finland. Until 1998, the incidence was highest in Denmark. There has not been an increase in Denmark and Iceland since the 1990s, whilst the incidence is still strongly increasing in Norway, Sweden, and Finland. There were no remarkable changes in the ratio of seminoma and non-seminoma incidences during the past 50 years. There was no increase in the incidences in children and those of pension age. The highest significant excess risks of testicular seminoma were found in physicians (SIR 1.48, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.07-1.99), artistic workers (SIR 1.47, 95% CI 1.06-1.99) and religious workers etc. (SIR 1.33, 95% CI 1.14-1.56). The lowest SIRs of testicular seminoma were seen amongst cooks and stewards (SIR 0.56, 95% CI 0.29-0.98), and forestry workers (SIR 0.64, 95% CI 0.47-0.86). The occupational category of administrators was the only one with a significantly elevated SIR for testicular non-seminoma (SIR 1.21, 95% CI 1.04-1.42). The only SIRs significantly <1.0 were seen amongst engine operators (SIR 0.60, 95% CI 0.41-0.84) and public safety workers (SIR 0.67, 95% CI 0.43-0.99). CONCLUSIONS There have always been differences in the incidence of testicular cancer between the Nordic countries. There is also some divergence in the incidences in different age groups and in the trends of the incidence. The effect of occupation-related factors on incidence of testicular cancer is only moderate. Our study describes the differences, but provides no explanation for this variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Outi Ylönen
- South-Karelian Central Hospital, University Hospital of Turku, Lappeenranta, Finland
| | - Sirkku Jyrkkiö
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Eero Pukkala
- School of Health Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.,Finnish Cancer Registry, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kari Syvänen
- Department of Urology, University Hospital of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Peter J Boström
- Department of Urology, University Hospital of Turku, Turku, Finland
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12
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Le Cornet C, Fervers B, Pukkala E, Tynes T, Feychting M, Hansen J, Togawa K, Nordby KC, Oksbjerg Dalton S, Uuksulainen S, Wiebert P, Woldbæk T, Skakkebæk NE, Olsson A, Schüz J. Parental Occupational Exposure to Organic Solvents and Testicular Germ Cell Tumors in their Offspring: NORD-TEST Study. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2017; 125:067023. [PMID: 28893722 PMCID: PMC5743448 DOI: 10.1289/ehp864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT) were suggested to have a prenatal environmentally related origin. The potential endocrine disrupting properties of certain solvents may interfere with the male genital development in utero. OBJECTIVES We aimed to assess the association between maternal and paternal occupational exposures to organic solvents during the prenatal period and TGCT risk in their offspring. METHODS This registry-based case control study included TGCT cases aged 14–49 y (n=8,112) diagnosed from 1978 to 2012 in Finland, Norway, and Sweden. Controls (n=26,264) were randomly selected from the central population registries and were individually matched to cases on year and country of birth. Occupational histories of parents prior to the child’s birth were extracted from the national censuses. Job codes were converted into solvent exposure using the Nordic job-Nordic Occupational Cancer Study Job-Exposure Matrix. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS Overall, no association was found between prenatal maternal exposure to solvents and TGCT risk. In subset analyses using only mothers for whom occupational information was available in the year of or in the year prior to the child’s birth, there was an association with maternal exposure to aromatic hydrocarbon solvents (ARHC) (OR=1.53; CI: 1.08, 2.17), driven by exposure to toluene (OR=1.67; CI: 1.02, 2.73). No association was seen for any paternal occupational exposure to solvents with the exception of exposure to perchloroethylene in Finland (OR=2.42; CI: 1.32, 4.41). CONCLUSIONS This study suggests a modest increase in TGCT risk associated with maternal prenatal exposure to ARHC. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP864.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Le Cornet
- Section of Environment and Radiation, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) , Lyon, France
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ) , Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Béatrice Fervers
- Département Cancer et Environnement, Centre Léon Bérard , Lyon, France
- Université Claude Bernard-Lyon1 , 43 Blvd. du 11 Novembre 1918 , Villeurbanne, France
| | - Eero Pukkala
- Finnish Cancer Registry, Institute for Statistical and Epidemiological Cancer Research , Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tampere , Finland
| | - Tore Tynes
- Cancer Registry of Norway, Majorstuen, Oslo, Norway
- National Institute of Occupational Health , Oslo, Norway
| | - Maria Feychting
- Unit of Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johnni Hansen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center , Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kayo Togawa
- Section of Environment and Radiation, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) , Lyon, France
| | | | | | | | - Pernilla Wiebert
- Unit of Occupational Medicine, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Torill Woldbæk
- National Institute of Occupational Health , Oslo, Norway
| | - Niels E Skakkebæk
- International Research and Research Training Centre in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ann Olsson
- Section of Environment and Radiation, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) , Lyon, France
- Unit of Occupational Medicine, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Joachim Schüz
- Section of Environment and Radiation, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) , Lyon, France
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13
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Togawa K, Le Cornet C, Feychting M, Tynes T, Pukkala E, Hansen J, Olsson A, Oksbjerg Dalton S, Nordby KC, Uuksulainen S, Wiebert P, Woldbæk T, Skakkebæk NE, Fervers B, Schüz J. Parental Occupational Exposure to Heavy Metals and Welding Fumes and Risk of Testicular Germ Cell Tumors in Offspring: A Registry-Based Case-Control Study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2016; 25:1426-1434. [PMID: 27439405 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-16-0328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Data are scarce on the association between prenatal/preconception environmental exposure and testicular germ cell tumor (TGCT) in offspring. We examined parental occupational exposures to heavy metals and welding fumes in relation to TGCT in offspring in a registry-based case-control study (NORD-TEST Study). METHODS We identified TGCT cases diagnosed at ages 14-49 years in Finland (1988-2012), Norway (1978-2010), and Sweden (1979-2011) through nationwide cancer registries. These cases were individually matched by country and year of birth to controls selected from population registries. Information on parental occupations was retrieved from censuses. From this, we estimated prenatal/preconception exposures of chromium, iron, nickel, lead, and welding fumes (all three countries), and cadmium (Finland only) for each parent using job-exposure matrices specifying prevalence (P) and mean exposure level (L). Exposure indices were calculated as a product of P and L (P × L), and exposure categories were based on P × L or different combinations of P and L. RESULTS The study comprised 8,112 cases and 26,264 controls. We observed no statistically significant TGCT risk associated with presence of heavy metals/welding fumes (P × L > 0) and no dose-response relationship (Ptrend ≥ 0.32). A statistically significant elevated TGCT risk was found in paternal exposure category where both P and L of chromium were high (vs. no chromium; OR = 1.37, 95% confidence interval; 1.05-1.79). CONCLUSIONS Our study provides little evidence of associations between parental exposures to heavy metals/welding fumes and TGCT in offspring with the potential exception of high paternal chromium exposure. IMPACT Further research on paternal chromium exposure is warranted. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 25(10); 1426-34. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayo Togawa
- Section of Environment and Radiation, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
| | - Charlotte Le Cornet
- Section of Environment and Radiation, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France. Cancer and Environment Department, Centre Léon Bérard, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Maria Feychting
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tore Tynes
- Institute of Epidemiological Cancer Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway. Department of Occupational Health Surveillance, National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Eero Pukkala
- Finnish Cancer Registry, Institute for Statistical and Epidemiological Cancer Research, Helsinki, Finland. School of Health Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Johnni Hansen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ann Olsson
- Section of Environment and Radiation, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France. Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Karl-Christian Nordby
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Epidemiology, National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Pernilla Wiebert
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Torill Woldbæk
- Department of Occupational Health Surveillance, National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Niels E Skakkebæk
- Department of Growth & Reproduction and International Center for Research and Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Béatrice Fervers
- Cancer and Environment Department, Centre Léon Bérard, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Joachim Schüz
- Section of Environment and Radiation, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
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14
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Sweeney MF, Hasan N, Soto AM, Sonnenschein C. Environmental endocrine disruptors: Effects on the human male reproductive system. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2015; 16:341-57. [PMID: 26847433 PMCID: PMC4803593 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-016-9337-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Incidences of altered development and neoplasia of male reproductive organs have increased during the last 50 years, as shown by epidemiological data. These data are associated with the increased presence of environmental chemicals, specifically "endocrine disruptors," that interfere with normal hormonal action. Much research has gone into testing the effects of specific endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) on the development of male reproductive organs and endocrine-related cancers in both in vitro and in vivo models. Efforts have been made to bridge the accruing laboratory findings with the epidemiological data to draw conclusions regarding the relationship between EDCs, altered development and carcinogenesis. The ability of EDCs to predispose target fetal and adult tissues to neoplastic transformation is best explained under the framework of the tissue organization field theory of carcinogenesis (TOFT), which posits that carcinogenesis is development gone awry. Here, we focus on the available evidence, from both empirical and epidemiological studies, regarding the effects of EDCs on male reproductive development and carcinogenesis of endocrine target tissues. We also critique current research methodology utilized in the investigation of EDCs effects and outline what could possibly be done to address these obstacles moving forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Sweeney
- Program in Genetics, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - N Hasan
- Program in Cell, Molecular & Developmental Biology, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - A M Soto
- Program in Genetics, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
- Program in Cell, Molecular & Developmental Biology, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
- Department of Integrative Physiology & Pathobiology, Tufts University, 136 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - C Sonnenschein
- Program in Genetics, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, MA, 02111, USA.
- Program in Cell, Molecular & Developmental Biology, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, MA, 02111, USA.
- Department of Integrative Physiology & Pathobiology, Tufts University, 136 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA, 02111, USA.
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