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Chen Y, Van Deventer D, Nianogo R, Vinceti M, Kang W, Cockburn M, Federman N, Heck JE. Maternal Exposure to Heavy Metals From Industrial Sources During Pregnancy and Childhood Cancer Risk in California. J Occup Environ Med 2024; 66:714-721. [PMID: 38845100 PMCID: PMC11371530 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000003160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study investigated maternal exposure to heavy metals from industrial sources during pregnancy as potential risk factors for childhood cancer. METHODS Cases ages 0-19 were identified from California Cancer Registry. Controls (20:1 ratio) were randomly selected from California Birth Registry, frequency-matched by birth year (1998-2016). We estimated maternal exposure to lead, nickel, and cobalt in ambient air from the Toxics Release Inventory. We examined "ever/never" and "high/low" exposures categorized by median exposure. Models were adjusted for maternal age, race/ethnicity, method of payment for prenatal care, neighborhood socioeconomic status, and urban/rural residence. RESULTS Among highly exposed persons, lead was associated with an increased teratoma risk (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.52; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.97, 2.37), whereas nickel was associated with an increased rhabdomyosarcoma risk (aOR: 1.45; 95% CI: 1.03, 2.04). Cobalt was associated with an increased glioma risk (aOR: 2.25; 95% CI: 1.39, 3.65) among ever-exposed persons. Inverse associations were found between Wilms tumor and nickel among the ever exposed and highly exposed (ever: aOR: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.59, 0.96; high: aOR: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.45, 0.93). CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that air pollution from heavy metals released by industrial sources may elevate childhood cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Chen
- From the Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA (Y.C., D.V.D., R.N., J.E.H.); California Center for Population Research, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA (R.N.); CREAGEN-Environmental, Genetic, and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, Section of Public Health, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy (M.V.); Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MA (M.V.); Department of Geography and the Environment, University of North Texas, Denton, TX (W.K.); Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (M.C.); Department of Pediatrics, Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA (N.F.); and College of Health and Public Service, University of North Texas, Denton, TX (J.E.H.)
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Jung EM, Bunin GR, Ganguly A, Johnson RA, Spector LG. The association between maternal nutrient intake during pregnancy and the risk of sporadic unilateral retinoblastoma among offspring. Cancer Epidemiol 2023; 85:102376. [PMID: 37167878 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2023.102376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have associated maternal diet during pregnancy with the development of sporadic unilateral retinoblastoma (RB), but few studies have focused on the role of individual nutrients. The aim of this study is to investigate the association between maternal nutrient intake during pregnancy and the development of sporadic unilateral RB in the offspring. A modified food frequency questionnaire, with additional questions on supplement use, was completed via a phone interview. Cases were recruited from hospitals and controls were comprised of friends and relatives of the patient without a history of cancer. Overall, 168 sporadic unilateral RB cases and 145 controls were included in case-control study. We performed logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI), adjusting for child's age, child's sex, parental race/ethnicity, maternal education, total calorie intake during pregnancy, maternal age at birth, maternal smoking during pregnancy, pre-pregnancy body mass index, maternal weight gain during pregnancy, paternal age at birth, and maternal multivitamin use in the year before pregnancy. In the adjusted model, the interquartile (IQR) increase in vitamin A intake, which was measured in retinol activity equivalent (RAE; OR: 0.64, 95 % CI: 0.46-0.90), and vitamin D intake (OR: 0.62, 95 % CI: 0.42-0.91) significantly reduced the risk of sporadic unilateral RB. These findings suggest that a higher intake of vitamins A and D can be a protective factor for sporadic unilateral RB. Further analyses in consideration of multi-exposures such as parental occupational exposures are warranted to discover the complex etiology of sporadic unilateral RB. In addition, the role of nutritional epigenetics for how maternal nutrient intake influences the risk of sporadic unilateral RB in the offspring still needs to be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Mi Jung
- Division of Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Greta R Bunin
- Division of Oncology, Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Arupa Ganguly
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rebecca A Johnson
- Division of Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Logan G Spector
- Division of Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Rashed WM, Marcotte EL, Spector LG. Germline De Novo Mutations as a Cause of Childhood Cancer. JCO Precis Oncol 2022; 6:e2100505. [PMID: 35820085 DOI: 10.1200/po.21.00505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Germline de novo mutations (DNMs) represent one of the important topics that need extensive attention from epidemiologists, geneticists, and other relevant stakeholders. Advances in next-generation sequencing technologies allowed examination of parent-offspring trios to ascertain the frequency of germline DNMs. Many epidemiological risk factors for childhood cancer are indicative of DNMs as a mechanism. The aim of this review was to give an overview of germline DNMs, their causes in general, and to discuss their relation to childhood cancer risk. In addition, we highlighted existing gaps in knowledge in many topics of germline DNMs in childhood cancer that need exploration and collaborative efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafaa M Rashed
- Research Department, Children's Cancer Hospital-Egypt 57357 (CCHE-57357), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Erin L Marcotte
- Division of Epidemiology/Clinical, Research, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Logan G Spector
- Division of Epidemiology/Clinical, Research, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
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Wu L, Xiang X, Guo H, Tan H. The effect of non-pharmacological interventions on psychological stress and quality of life of parents of children with retinoblastoma: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e28148. [PMID: 34941063 PMCID: PMC8702223 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000028148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Retinoblastoma is the most common malignant tumor in infancy and early childhood. Due to the high incidences of intracranial metastasis and distant metastasis, retinoblastoma not only threatens the life of affected children, but also brings heavy mental stress to their parents. A strong mental stress often leads to anxiety, depression, and other adverse emotions, which is very unfavorable to the treatment and prognosis by generating great psychological pressure and reducing the quality of life of the family. Reducing the psychological stress of the parents and improving the quality of life of the family are beneficial to the treatment and prognosis of retinoblastoma in children. However, there are no recommended non-pharmacological therapies to reduce the psychological stress and improve the quality of life of the parents of children with retinoblastoma. This study aims to evaluate the effects of non-pharmacological therapies on psychological stress and quality of life of parents of children with retinoblastoma through a meta-analysis, thus providing clinical evidence. METHODS Randomized controlled trials reporting the effects of non-pharmacological therapies on psychological stress and quality of life of parents of children with retinoblastoma published before 2021 November will be searched in online databases, including the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, Chinese Scientific Journal Database, China Biomedical Literature Database, PubMed, Embase, The Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases. The Cochrane Quality Assessment Manual will be used to assess the quality of the included literatures. Meta-analysis will be performed using Revman 5.4 software. RESULTS This study will evaluate the effects of non-pharmacological therapies on psychological stress and quality of life of parents of children with retinoblastoma via grading anxiety scores, depression scores, and quality-of-life scores. CONCLUSION This study will provide a reliable evidence-based basis for non-pharmacological interventions on parents of children with retinoblastoma. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval was not required for this study. The systematic review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal, presented at conferences, and shared on social media platforms. This review would be disseminated in a peer-reviewed journal or conference presentations.OSF REGISTRATION NUMBER.
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Orjuela-Grimm M, Carreño SB, Liu X, Ruiz A, Medina P, Ramirez Ortiz MA, Rendon JR, Molina NCL, Pinilla H, Hinojosa D, Rodriguez L, Connor AO, Rodriguez FM, Castañeda MVP, Cabrera-Muñoz L. Sunlight exposure in infancy decreases risk of sporadic retinoblastoma, extent of intraocular disease. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2021; 4:e1409. [PMID: 33960746 PMCID: PMC8714544 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prior ecologic studies suggest that UV exposure through sunlight to the retina might contribute to increased retinoblastoma incidence. Aims Our study objectives were (1) to examine the relationship between exposure to sunlight during postnatal retinal development (prior to diagnosis of sporadic disease) and the risk of retinoblastoma, and (2) to examine the relationship between sun exposure during postnatal retinal development, and the extent of disease among children with unilateral and bilateral retinoblastoma. Methods and results We interviewed 511 mothers in the EpiRbMx case‐control study about their child's exposure to sunlight during postnatal retinal cell division by examining three time periods prior to Rtb diagnosis coinciding with developmental stages in which outdoor activities vary. Weekly sun exposure was compared by age period, between unilateral (n = 259), bilateral (n = 120), and control (n = 132) children, accounting for two factors affecting UV exposure: residential elevation and reported use of coverings to shield eyes. For cases, association between sunlight exposure and clinical stage was examined by laterality at each age period. After adjusting for maternal education and elevation, sun exposure was lower in cases than controls in all three age periods especially during the first 6 months, and in children 12–23 months whose mothers did not cover their eyes when outdoors. In children diagnosed after 12 months of age, sun exposure during the second year of life (age 12–23 months) appeared inversely correlated (r = −0.25) with more advanced intraocular disease in bilateral Rtb children after adjusting for maternal education, residential elevation, and age of diagnosis (p < .09) consistent with effects of Vitamin D exposure on intraocular spread in earlier transgenic murine models of retinoblastoma, and suggesting potential chemopreventive strategies. Conclusion Sun exposure in early childhood is protective for retinoblastoma and may decrease degree of intraocular spread in children with bilateral Rtb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Orjuela-Grimm
- Mailman School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Pediatrics (Division of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplantation), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Silvia Bhatt Carreño
- Mailman School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Xinhua Liu
- Mailman School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ambar Ruiz
- Mailman School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Paola Medina
- Mailman School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Marco A Ramirez Ortiz
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Infantil de Mexico, Federico Gomez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Josefina Romero Rendon
- Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano de Seguro Social, Hospital de Pediatria, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Hector Pinilla
- Mailman School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Daniela Hinojosa
- Mailman School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Laura Rodriguez
- Mailman School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Anita O' Connor
- Mailman School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health Science, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Fabiola Mejia Rodriguez
- Centro de Investigacion de Nutricion y Salud, Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - M Veronica Ponce Castañeda
- Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano de Seguro Social, Hospital de Pediatria, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Lourdes Cabrera-Muñoz
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Infantil de Mexico, Federico Gomez, Mexico City, Mexico
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Omidakhsh N, Hansen J, Ritz B, Coleman AL, McKean-Cowdin R, Olsen J, Heck JE. Parental Occupation and Risk of Childhood Retinoblastoma in Denmark. J Occup Environ Med 2021; 63:256-261. [PMID: 33395168 PMCID: PMC8259454 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Retinoblastoma is the most common primary intraocular tumor affecting children. We examine the role of parental occupational exposures and risk of retinoblastoma among offspring. METHODS Our population-based case-control study linked data from four nationwide Danish registries and included all cases of retinoblastoma diagnosed in Danish children (<5 y, n = 144) between 1975 and 2014. We focused on two biologically relevant time periods: 90 days preconception to conception for fathers; conception to birth for mothers. Parents were grouped into major industry headings created from Danish industry codes. RESULTS We observed increased risk of all retinoblastoma for children of fathers in the food and drink industry and iron and metal industry. Bilateral disease was associated with paternal work in manufacturing and land transportation. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that some occupational exposures may increase the risk of childhood sporadic retinoblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negar Omidakhsh
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Johnni Hansen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Beate Ritz
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Anne L. Coleman
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Roberta McKean-Cowdin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jorn Olsen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Julia E. Heck
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Shakeel O, Pace N, Chambers TM, Scheurer ME, Ganguly AA, Lupo PJ, Bunin GR. Medical radiation exposure and risk of sporadic retinoblastoma. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2020; 67:e28633. [PMID: 32743912 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.28633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While there is evidence that parental exposure to medical radiation is associated with increased risk of sporadic bilateral retinoblastoma in offspring, this association has not been confirmed. Additionally, the relationship between paternal and maternal exposures and sporadic unilateral retinoblastoma has not been fully investigated. PROCEDURE Data were obtained from two large multicenter case-control studies of retinoblastoma. For the paternal analyses, 268 bilateral cases, 155 unilateral cases, and 358 controls were included. For the maternal analyses, 298 bilateral cases, 184 unilateral cases, and 404 controls were included. Logistical regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) to evaluate the associations between parental exposures to medical radiation and sporadic retinoblastoma, while adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS Paternal exposure to medical radiation was not significantly associated with sporadic bilateral retinoblastoma in offspring. However, increasing paternal exposure to gonadal radiation was associated with increased risk of unilateral retinoblastoma (P-trend = .03). Maternal history of upper and lower gastrointestinal (GI) series was associated with bilateral retinoblastoma (OR = 1.9, 95% CI: 1.1-3.2 and OR = 6.9, 95% CI: 2.9-16.4, respectively). However, there was no association between maternal exposure to medical radiation and unilateral retinoblastoma in offspring. CONCLUSION Our investigation adds to the evidence that medical radiation exposure in fathers as well as mothers prior to pregnancy may increase the risk of germline alterations leading to the development of retinoblastoma in their offspring. However, our findings could point to a more complex etiological framework for this important pediatric malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Shakeel
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Nelson Pace
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | | | | | - Arupa A Ganguly
- Department of Genetics, Genetic Diagnostic Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Philip J Lupo
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Greta R Bunin
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Lupo PJ, Spector LG. Cancer Progress and Priorities: Childhood Cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020; 29:1081-1094. [DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-19-0941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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How does the social environment during life course embody in and influence the development of cancer? Int J Public Health 2018; 63:811-821. [DOI: 10.1007/s00038-018-1131-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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