1
|
Dai P, Ding M, Yu J, Gao Y, Wang M, Ling J, Dong S, Zhang X, Zeng X, Sun X. The Male Reproductive Toxicity Caused by 2-Naphthylamine Was Related to Testicular Immunity Disorders. TOXICS 2024; 12:342. [PMID: 38787121 PMCID: PMC11126000 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12050342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
2-naphthylamine (NAP) was classified as a group I carcinogen associated with bladder cancer. The daily exposure is mostly from cigarette and E-cigarette smoke. NAP can lead to testicular atrophy and interstitial tissue hyperplasia; however, the outcomes of NAP treatment on spermatogenesis and the associated mechanisms have not been reported. The study aimed to investigate the effect of NAP on spermatogenesis and sperm physiologic functions after being persistently exposed to NAP at 5, 20, and 40 mg/kg for 35 days. We found that sperm motility, progressive motility, sperm average path velocity, and straight-line velocity declined remarkably in the NAP (40 mg/kg) treated group, and the sperm deformation rate rose upon NAP administration. The testis immunity- and lipid metabolism-associated processes were enriched from RNA-sequence profiling. Plvap, Ccr7, Foxn1, Trim29, Sirpb1c, Cfd, and Lpar4 involved in testis immunity and Pnliprp1 that inhibit triglyceride and cholesterol absorption were confirmed to rise dramatically in the NAP-exposed group. The increased total cholesterol and CD68 levels were observed in the testis from the NAP-exposed group. Gpx5, serving as an antioxidant in sperm plasma, and Semg1, which contributes to sperm progressive motility, were both down-regulated. We concluded that the short-term exposure to NAP caused reproductive toxicity, primarily due to the inflammatory abnormality in the testis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pengyuan Dai
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China; (P.D.); (M.D.); (J.Y.); (M.W.); (J.L.); (S.D.); (X.Z.)
| | - Mengqian Ding
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China; (P.D.); (M.D.); (J.Y.); (M.W.); (J.L.); (S.D.); (X.Z.)
| | - Jingyan Yu
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China; (P.D.); (M.D.); (J.Y.); (M.W.); (J.L.); (S.D.); (X.Z.)
| | - Yuan Gao
- Experimental Animal Center, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China;
| | - Miaomiao Wang
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China; (P.D.); (M.D.); (J.Y.); (M.W.); (J.L.); (S.D.); (X.Z.)
| | - Jie Ling
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China; (P.D.); (M.D.); (J.Y.); (M.W.); (J.L.); (S.D.); (X.Z.)
| | - Shijue Dong
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China; (P.D.); (M.D.); (J.Y.); (M.W.); (J.L.); (S.D.); (X.Z.)
| | - Xiaoning Zhang
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China; (P.D.); (M.D.); (J.Y.); (M.W.); (J.L.); (S.D.); (X.Z.)
| | - Xuhui Zeng
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China; (P.D.); (M.D.); (J.Y.); (M.W.); (J.L.); (S.D.); (X.Z.)
| | - Xiaoli Sun
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chamot S, Delzard M, Leroy L, Marhic G, Ganry O. Occupational exposures in the rubber tire industry and risk of cancer: a systematic review. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2023:10.1007/s00420-023-01972-x. [PMID: 37083761 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-023-01972-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed at investigate the association between cancer and the rubber tire industry using indicators used to estimate exposure, such as duration or historical time period of exposure. METHODS A systematic review using MEDLINE was carried out. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA) statement guided the systematic review. The Risk of Bias in Non-Randomized Studies of Exposures (ROBINS-E) was used to analyze biases in the selected studies. RESULTS A total of 240 articles were initially selected. Of these, 17 were included in this systematic review of 15 different cohorts and one case-control study. Five cohorts were composed of rubber industry employees including some who worked in the rubber tire industry, whereas the other 10 cohorts were composed exclusively of rubber tire industry employees. An increased risk of lung/respiratory cancer is possible in the oldest time periods without duration of exposure showing any association according to the analysis. The work areas of mixing and milling as well as compounding seem to be more specifically associated with this risk, which could be expected because of the exposure to fumes containing carcinogenic agents. CONCLUSIONS Having worked in the rubber tire industry in the past, especially in milling, mixing as well as compounding may be associated with an increased risk of lung/respiratory cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Chamot
- Regional Center for Occupational and Environmental Pathologies of Hauts-de-France, Amiens University Hospital, Amiens, France.
- Péritox (UMR_I 01), UPJV/INERIS, UPJV, Amiens, France.
| | | | - Lea Leroy
- Regional Center for Occupational and Environmental Pathologies of Hauts-de-France, Amiens University Hospital, Amiens, France
| | - Gwen Marhic
- Regional Center for Occupational and Environmental Pathologies of Hauts-de-France, Amiens University Hospital, Amiens, France
- Péritox (UMR_I 01), UPJV/INERIS, UPJV, Amiens, France
| | - Olivier Ganry
- Cancer Registry of the Somme, Department of Epidemiology, Sanitation, and Public Health, Amiens University Hospital, Amiens, France
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
García-Pérez J, Lope V, Fernández de Larrea-Baz N, Molina AJ, Tardón A, Alguacil J, Pérez-Gómez B, Moreno V, Guevara M, Castaño-Vinyals G, Jiménez-Moleón JJ, Gómez-Acebo I, Molina-Barceló A, Martín V, Kogevinas M, Pollán M, Aragonés N. Risk of gastric cancer in the environs of industrial facilities in the MCC-Spain study. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 278:116854. [PMID: 33714062 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is the fifth most frequent tumor worldwide. In Spain, it presents a large geographic variability in incidence, suggesting a possible role of environmental factors in its etiology. Therefore, epidemiologic research focused on environmental exposures is necessary. OBJECTIVES To assess the association between risk of gastric cancer (by histological type and tumor site) and residential proximity to industrial installations, according to categories of industrial groups and specific pollutants released, in the context of a population-based multicase-control study of incident cancer conducted in Spain (MCC-Spain). METHODS In this study, 2664 controls and 137 gastric cancer cases from 9 provinces, frequency matched by province of residence, age, and sex were included. Distances from the individuals' residences to the 106 industries located in the study areas were computed. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) for categories of distance (from 1 km to 3 km) to industries, adjusting for matching variables and potential confounders. RESULTS Overall, no excess risk of gastric cancer was observed in people living close to the industrial installations, with ORs ranging from 0.73 (at ≤2.5 km) to 0.93 (at ≤1.5 km). However, by industrial sector, excess risks (OR; 95%CI) were found near organic chemical industry (3.51; 1.42-8.69 at ≤2 km), inorganic chemical industry (3.33; 1.12-9.85 at ≤2 km), food/beverage sector (2.48; 1.12-5.50 at ≤2 km), and surface treatment using organic solvents (3.59; 1.40-9.22 at ≤3 km). By specific pollutant, a statistically significant excess risk (OR; 95%CI) was found near (≤3 km) industries releasing nonylphenol (6.43; 2.30-17.97) and antimony (4.82; 1.94-12.01). CONCLUSIONS The results suggest no association between risk of gastric cancer and living in the proximity to the industrial facilities as a whole. However, a few associations were detected near some industrial sectors and installations releasing specific pollutants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Javier García-Pérez
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - Virginia Lope
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - Nerea Fernández de Larrea-Baz
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - Antonio J Molina
- The Research Group in Gene - Environment and Health Interactions (GIIGAS)/Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, Campus Universitario de Vegazana, 24071, León, Spain; Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Area of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidad de León, Campus Universitario de Vegazana, 24071, León, Spain.
| | - Adonina Tardón
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, Facultad de Medicina, Campus de El Cristo B, 33006, Oviedo, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Av. Roma S/n, 33011, Oviedo, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - Juan Alguacil
- Centro de Investigación en Recursos Naturales, Salud y Medio Ambiente, Universidad de Huelva, Campus Universitario de El Carmen, 21071, Huelva, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - Beatriz Pérez-Gómez
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - Víctor Moreno
- Unit of Biomarkers and Susceptibility, Oncology Data Analytics Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Hospital Duran I Reynals, Avinguda de La Gran Via de L'Hospitalet 199-203, 08908, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Colorectal Cancer Group, ONCOBELL Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Avinguda de La Gran Via de L'Hospitalet 199, 08908, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Carrer de Casanova 143, 08036, Barcelona, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - Marcela Guevara
- Navarra Public Health Institute, Calle Leyre, 15, 31003, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Calle Leyre 15, 31003, Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Gemma Castaño-Vinyals
- ISGlobal, Carrer del Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Campus Del Mar, Carrer Del Dr. Aiguader 80, 08003, Barcelona, Spain; IMIM (Hospital Del Mar Medical Research Institute), Carrer Del Dr. Aiguader 80, 08003, Barcelona, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - José J Jiménez-Moleón
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Av. de La Investigación 11, 18016, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs.GRANADA, Doctor Azpitarte 4 4(a) Planta, Edificio Licinio de La Fuente, 18012, Granada, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - Inés Gómez-Acebo
- Universidad de Cantabria - IDIVAL, Avenida Cardenal Herrera Oria S/n, 39011, Santander, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - Ana Molina-Barceló
- Cancer and Public Health Area, FISABIO - Public Health, Avda. de Catalunya 21, 46020, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Vicente Martín
- The Research Group in Gene - Environment and Health Interactions (GIIGAS)/Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, Campus Universitario de Vegazana, 24071, León, Spain; Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Area of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidad de León, Campus Universitario de Vegazana, 24071, León, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - Manolis Kogevinas
- ISGlobal, Carrer del Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Campus Del Mar, Carrer Del Dr. Aiguader 80, 08003, Barcelona, Spain; IMIM (Hospital Del Mar Medical Research Institute), Carrer Del Dr. Aiguader 80, 08003, Barcelona, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - Marina Pollán
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - Nuria Aragonés
- Epidemiology Section, Public Health Division, Department of Health of Madrid, C/San Martín de Porres, 6, 28035, Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Rafeemanesh E, Esmaily H, Ahmadi F, Sardar M, Ghooshchi G. The Effect of Exposure to Rubber Production Emissions and Physical Activity on Pulmonary Function Indices among Tyre Manufacturing Employees in Iran. Indian J Occup Environ Med 2021; 25:17-21. [PMID: 34295057 PMCID: PMC8259584 DOI: 10.4103/ijoem.ijoem_79_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Exposure to rubber production emissions can cause respiratory problems. There is some evidence that physical activity might have protective effects against respiratory obstruction. Aims: This study, was investigated the effect of physical activity on potential respiratory damages induced by the exposure to rubber production chemicals. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out during 2019 on the staff of a rubber manufacturing company in Khorasan, Iran. Employees of a rubber manufacturing company were recruited in this cross-sectional study (n = 385), and were classified into exposed (n = 266) and unexposed (n = 119) groups. Baecke Physical Activity Questionnaire (BPAQ) was used to assess the level of physical activity. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the effects of exposure, physical activity and confounding variables on pulmonary function test (PFT) results. Results: Work, leisure time and total physical activity scores were significantly higher in exposure group compared with control group subjects. Although no significant differences were observed between the exposure and control groups in most spirometric parameters, FEF25-75 was significantly lower in the exposure group (P = 0.035). Abnormal PFT was observed in 93 participants (24.2%) and in the multivariate model was significantly associated with exposure (OR = 1.80, CI95: 1.01-3.22) and age (OR = 1.08, CI95: 1.02-1.14) but not physical activity score. Conclusion: Exposure to rubber manufacturing chemicals nearly doubles the odds of abnormal PFT, and the self-reported level of physical activity had no protective effect against these occupational hazards.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Rafeemanesh
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Habibollah Esmaily
- Department of biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ahmadi
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammadali Sardar
- Department of General Education, Faculty of medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Golnoosh Ghooshchi
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Barsouk A, Thandra KC, Saginala K, Rawla P, Barsouk A. Chemical Risk Factors of Primary Liver Cancer: An Update. Hepat Med 2021; 12:179-188. [PMID: 33447099 PMCID: PMC7801911 DOI: 10.2147/hmer.s278070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary liver cancer has the sixth highest incidence and fourth highest cancer mortality worldwide. Hepatitis B is the leading cause of liver cancer, though its incidence is decreasing with vaccination. Alcohol is the leading cause of liver transplant, cirrhosis, and cancer in the developed world, and is projected to surpass hepatitis B as the leading hepatic cancer etiology worldwide. Tobacco smoking has shown a positive association with liver cancer in a majority of studies, though not all. Aflatoxin, a mycotoxin produced by Aspergillus, is estimated to account for 3–20% of global liver cancer cases, 40% of which occur in sub-Saharan Africa. These statistics are confounded by the prevalence of hepatitis B, which may have a synergistic effect on hepatic carcinogenesis. Aflatoxin is ingested and likely inhaled from agricultural products, placing farmers, food processors, and textile workers in developing nations at risk. Vinyl-chloride is used in the production of PVC plastics and causes rare liver angiosarcoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, and other neoplasms. Arsenic and cadmium are naturally-occurring, hepatocarcinogenic metals with high occupational exposure in industries involving coal, metals, plastics, and batteries. Millions of laborers in waste-disposal and manufacturing are exposed to organic solvents and N-nitrosamines, which vary from carcinogenic (group 1) to possibly carcinogenic (group 2B) in their IARC designation. Insecticide DDT is possibly hepatocarcinogenic (group 2B), though continues to be used for malaria control in the developing world. While suggested by case reports, anabolic steroids and oral contraceptives have not been shown to increase liver cancer risk in large studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam Barsouk
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Krishna Chaitanya Thandra
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sentara Virginia Beach General Hospital, Virginia Beach, VA, USA
| | - Kalyan Saginala
- Plains Regional Medical Group Internal Medicine, Clovis, NM 88101, USA
| | - Prashanth Rawla
- Department of Medicine, Sovah Health, Martinsville, VA 24112, USA
| | - Alexander Barsouk
- Hematologist-Oncologist, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hidajat M, McElvenny DM, Ritchie P, Darnton A, Mueller W, Agius RM, Cherrie JW, de Vocht F. Lifetime cumulative exposure to rubber dust, fumes and N-nitrosamines and non-cancer mortality: a 49-year follow-up of UK rubber factory workers. Occup Environ Med 2020; 77:316-323. [PMID: 31974293 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2019-106269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine associations between occupational exposures to rubber dust, rubber fumes and N-nitrosamines and non-cancer mortality. METHODS A cohort of 36 441 males aged 35+ years employed in British rubber factories was followed-up to 2015 (94% deceased). Competing risk survival analysis was used to assess risks of dying from non-cancer diseases (respiratory, urinary, cerebrovascular, circulatory and digestive diseases). Occupational exposures to rubber dust, rubber fumes, N-nitrosamines were derived based on a population-specific quantitative job-exposure matrix which in-turn was based on measurements in the EU-EXASRUB database. RESULTS Exposure-response associations of increased risk with increasing exposure were found for N-nitrosomorpholine with mortality from circulatory diseases (subdistribution hazard ratio (SHR) 1.17; 95% CI 1.12 to 1.23), ischaemic heart disease (IHD) (SHR 1.19; 95% CI 1.13 to 1.26), cerebrovascular disease (SHR 1.19; 95% CI 1.07 to 1.32) and exposures to N-nitrosodimethylamine with respiratory disease mortality (SHR 1.41; 95% CI 1.30 to 1.53). Increased risks for mortality from circulatory disease, IHD and digestive diseases were found with higher levels of exposures to rubber dust, rubber fumes and N-nitrosamines sum, without an exposure-dependent manner. No associations were observed between rubber dust, rubber fumes and N-nitrosamines exposures with mortality from asthma, urinary disease, bronchitis, emphysema, liver disease and some digestive diseases. CONCLUSIONS In a cohort of rubber factory workers with 49 years of follow-up, increased risk for mortality from circulatory, cerebrovascular, respiratory and digestive diseases were found to be associated with cumulative occupational exposures to specific agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mira Hidajat
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | - Peter Ritchie
- Research Division, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Andrew Darnton
- Statistics and Epidemiology Unit, Health and Safety Executive, Bootle, UK
| | - William Mueller
- Research Division, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Raymond M Agius
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - John W Cherrie
- Research Division, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and Bioengineering, Heriot Watt University, Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Frank de Vocht
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sorahan T. Conflicting findings from a rubber industry cohort study: what is the explanation? Occup Environ Med 2019; 76:780. [PMID: 31515444 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2019-105841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tom Sorahan
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hidajat M, McElvenny DM, Ritchie P, Darnton A, Mueller W, van Tongeren M, Agius RM, Cherrie JW, de Vocht F. Healthy worker effects explain differences in internal and external comparisons in a rubber industry cohort study. Occup Environ Med 2019; 76:781. [PMID: 31515445 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2019-106083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mira Hidajat
- Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | | | - Andrew Darnton
- Statistics and Epidemiology Unit, Health and Safety Executive Bootle Headquarters, Bootle, Sefton, UK
| | | | - Martie van Tongeren
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Raymond M Agius
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Frank de Vocht
- Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hidajat M, McElvenny DM, Mueller W, Ritchie P, Cherrie JW, Darnton A, Agius RM, Kromhout H, de Vocht F. Job-exposure matrix for historical exposures to rubber dust, rubber fumes and n-Nitrosamines in the British rubber industry. Occup Environ Med 2019; 76:259-267. [PMID: 30772817 PMCID: PMC6581116 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2018-105182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To develop a quantitative historical job-exposure matrix (JEM) for rubber dust, rubber fumes and n-Nitrosamines in the British rubber industry for 1915-2002 to estimate lifetime cumulative exposure (LCE) for a cohort of workers with 49 years follow-up. METHODS Data from the EU-EXASRUB database-rubber dust (n=4157), rubber fumes (n=3803) and n-Nitrosamines (n=10 115) collected between 1977 and 2002-were modelled using linear mixed-effects models. Sample year, stationary/personal measurement, industry sector and measurement source were included as fixed explanatory variables and factory as random intercept. Model estimates and extrapolations were used to construct a JEM covering all departments in both sectors of the rubber manufacturing industries for the years 1915-2002. JEM-estimates were linked to all cohort members to calculate LCE. Sensitivity analyses related to assumptions about extrapolation of time trends were also conducted. RESULTS Changes in rubber dust exposures ranged from -6.3 %/year (crude materials/mixing) to -1.0 %/year (curing) and -6.5 %/year (crude materials/mixing) to +0.5 %/year (finishing, assembly and miscellaneous) for rubber fumes. Declines in n-Nitrosamines ranged from -17.9 %/year (curing) to -1.3 %/year (crude materials and mixing). Mean LCEs were 61 mg/m3-years (rubber dust), 15.6 mg/ m3-years (rubber fumes), 2483.2 µg/m3-years (n-Nitrosamines sum score), 18.6 µg/m3-years (N-nitrosodimethylamine) and 15.0 µg/m3-years (N-itrosomorpholine). CONCLUSIONS All exposures declined over time. Greatest declines in rubber dust and fumes were found in crude materials and mixing and for n-Nitrosamines in curing/vulcanising and preprocessing. This JEM and estimated LCEs will allow for evaluation of exposure-specific excess cancer risks in the British rubber industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mira Hidajat
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | - William Mueller
- Research Division, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Peter Ritchie
- Research Division, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
| | - John W Cherrie
- Research Division, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and –Bioengineering, Heriot Watt University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Andrew Darnton
- Statistics and Epidemiology Unit, Health and Safety Executive, Bootle, UK
| | - Raymond M Agius
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Health, Centre for Epidemiology, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Hans Kromhout
- Environmental Epidemiology Division, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Frank de Vocht
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hidajat M, McElvenny DM, Ritchie P, Darnton A, Mueller W, van Tongeren M, Agius RM, Cherrie JW, de Vocht F. Lifetime exposure to rubber dusts, fumes and N-nitrosamines and cancer mortality in a cohort of British rubber workers with 49 years follow-up. Occup Environ Med 2019; 76:250-258. [PMID: 30772818 PMCID: PMC6581114 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2018-105181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To quantitatively evaluate exposure-response associations between occupational exposures to rubber dust, fumes and N-nitrosamines and cancer mortality in the UK rubber industry. METHODS Competing risk survival analyses were used to examine cancer mortality risk in a cohort of 36 441 males aged 35+ years employed in the British rubber industry in 1967, followed up to 2015 (94% mortality). Exposure measurements are based on a population-specific quantitative job-exposure matrix for rubber dust, rubber fumes and N-nitrosamines from the EU-EXASRUB project. RESULTS Exposure (lifetime cumulative (LCE))-response associations were found for N-nitrosomorphiline and all cancers (subdistribution HR (SHR) 1.48, 95% CI 1.39 to 1.57) and cancers of the bladder, stomach, multiple myeloma, oesophagus, prostate and pancreas, as well as for N-nitrosodimethylamine and all cancers (SHR 2.08, 95% CI 1.96 to 2.21) and cancers of the bladder, stomach, leukaemia, multiple myeloma, prostate and liver. LCE to the N-nitrosamines sum were associated with increased risks from all cancers (SHR 1.89, 95% CI 1.78 to 2.01) and cancers of the lung, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and brain. LCE to rubber dust and fumes are associated with increased mortality from all cancers (rubber dust SHR 1.67, 95% CI 1.58 to 1.78; rubber fumes SHR 1.91, 95% CI 1.80 to 2.03) and cancers of the bladder, lung, stomach, leukaemia, multiple myeloma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, oesophagus, prostate, pancreas and liver. CONCLUSIONS Consistent with previous studies, N-nitrosamines exposures are associated with mortality from cancers of the bladder, lung, stomach, leukaemia, multiple myeloma, oesophagus, prostate, pancreas and liver. The long follow-up with nearly complete mortality enabled estimations of lifetime cancer mortality risk from occupational exposures in the rubber industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mira Hidajat
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | - Peter Ritchie
- Research Division, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Andrew Darnton
- Statistics and Epidemiology Unit, Health and Safety Executive, Bootle, UK
| | - William Mueller
- Research Division, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Martie van Tongeren
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Health, Centre for Epidemiology, School of Health Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Raymond M Agius
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Health, Centre for Epidemiology, School of Health Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - John W Cherrie
- Research Division, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and Bioengineering, Heriot Watt University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Frank de Vocht
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| |
Collapse
|