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Olsson A, Bouaoun L, Schüz J, Vermeulen R, Behrens T, Ge C, Kromhout H, Siemiatycki J, Gustavsson P, Boffetta P, Kendzia B, Radoi L, Barul C, Karrasch S, Wichmann HE, Consonni D, Landi MT, Caporaso NE, Merletti F, Migliore E, Richiardi L, Jöckel KH, Ahrens W, Pohlabeln H, Fernández-Tardón G, Zaridze D, Field JK, Lissowska J, Świątkowska B, McLaughlin JR, Demers PA, Schejbalova M, Foretova L, Janout V, Pándics T, Fabianova E, Mates D, Forastiere F, Straif K, Brüning T, Vlaanderen J, Peters S. Lung Cancer Risks Associated with Occupational Exposure to Pairs of Five Lung Carcinogens: Results from a Pooled Analysis of Case-Control Studies (SYNERGY). ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2024; 132:17005. [PMID: 38236172 PMCID: PMC10795675 DOI: 10.1289/ehp13380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While much research has been done to identify individual workplace lung carcinogens, little is known about joint effects on risk when workers are exposed to multiple agents. OBJECTIVES We investigated the pairwise joint effects of occupational exposures to asbestos, respirable crystalline silica, metals (i.e., nickel, chromium-VI), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) on lung cancer risk, overall and by major histologic subtype, while accounting for cigarette smoking. METHODS In the international 14-center SYNERGY project, occupational exposures were assigned to 16,901 lung cancer cases and 20,965 control subjects using a quantitative job-exposure matrix (SYN-JEM). Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed for ever vs. never exposure using logistic regression models stratified by sex and adjusted for study center, age, and smoking habits. Joint effects among pairs of agents were assessed on multiplicative and additive scales, the latter by calculating the relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI). RESULTS All pairwise joint effects of lung carcinogens in men were associated with an increased risk of lung cancer. However, asbestos/metals and metals/PAH resulted in less than additive effects; while the chromium-VI/silica pair showed marginally synergistic effect in relation to adenocarcinoma (RERI: 0.24; CI: 0.02, 0.46; p = 0.05). In women, several pairwise joint effects were observed for small cell lung cancer including exposure to PAH/silica (OR = 5.12; CI: 1.77, 8.48), and to asbestos/silica (OR = 4.32; CI: 1.35, 7.29), where exposure to PAH/silica resulted in a synergistic effect (RERI: 3.45; CI: 0.10, 6.8). DISCUSSION Small or no deviation from additive or multiplicative effects was observed, but co-exposure to the selected lung carcinogens resulted generally in higher risk than exposure to individual agents, highlighting the importance to reduce and control exposure to carcinogens in workplaces and the general environment. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP13380.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Olsson
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Liacine Bouaoun
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Joachim Schüz
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Behrens
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - Calvin Ge
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hans Kromhout
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jack Siemiatycki
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Per Gustavsson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Benjamin Kendzia
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - Loredana Radoi
- Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), Team Exposome and Heredity, U1018 Inserm, University Paris-Saclay, University Paris Cité, Villejuif, France
| | - Christine Barul
- University Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) -UMR_S 1085, Pointe-à-Pitre, France
| | - Stefan Karrasch
- Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), Munich, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Heinz-Erich Wichmann
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institut für Medizinische Informatik Biometrie Epidemiologie, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Dario Consonni
- Epidemiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Landi
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Neil E. Caporaso
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Franco Merletti
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Enrica Migliore
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Richiardi
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Karl-Heinz Jöckel
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology (IMIBE), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Ahrens
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
- Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, Institute of Statistics, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Hermann Pohlabeln
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | | | - David Zaridze
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, N.N. Blokhin National Research Centre of Oncology, Moscow, Russia
| | - John K. Field
- Roy Castle Lung Cancer Research Programme, Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Jolanta Lissowska
- Epidemiology Unit, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, M. Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Beata Świątkowska
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, The Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland
| | - John R. McLaughlin
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Paul A. Demers
- Occupational Cancer Research Centre, Ontario Health, Toronto, Canada
| | - Miriam Schejbalova
- Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Vladimir Janout
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | | | - Eleonora Fabianova
- Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia
- Faculty of Health, Catholic University, Ružomberok, Slovakia
| | - Dana Mates
- National Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Kurt Straif
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Thomas Brüning
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - Jelle Vlaanderen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Susan Peters
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Bekara MEA, Djebbar A, Sebaihia M, Bouzeghti MEA, Badaoui L. Bayesian spatio-temporal analysis of the incidence of lung cancer in the North West of Algeria, 2014-2020. Spat Spatiotemporal Epidemiol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sste.2023.100583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
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Zou K, Sun P, Huang H, Zhuo H, Qie R, Xie Y, Luo J, Li N, Li J, He J, Aschebrook-Kilfoy B, Zhang Y. Etiology of lung cancer: Evidence from epidemiologic studies. JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER CENTER 2022; 2:216-225. [PMID: 39036545 PMCID: PMC11256564 DOI: 10.1016/j.jncc.2022.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer incidence and mortality worldwide. While smoking, radon, air pollution, as well as occupational exposure to asbestos, diesel fumes, arsenic, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, nickel, and silica are well-established risk factors, many lung cancer cases cannot be explained by these known risk factors. Over the last two decades the incidence of adenocarcinoma has risen, and it now surpasses squamous cell carcinoma as the most common histologic subtype. This increase warrants new efforts to identify additional risk factors for specific lung cancer subtypes as well as a comprehensive review of current evidence from epidemiologic studies to inform future studies. Given the myriad exposures individuals experience in real-world settings, it is essential to investigate mixture effects from complex exposures and gene-environment interactions in relation to lung cancer and its subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyong Zou
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Peiyuan Sun
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Huang Huang
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Haoran Zhuo
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, United States of America
| | - Ranran Qie
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuting Xie
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiajun Luo
- Department of Public Health Sciences, the University of Chicago, Chicago, United States of America
| | - Ni Li
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiang Li
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jie He
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | | | - Yawei Zhang
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Hosseini B, Olsson A, Bouaoun L, Hall A, Hadji M, Rashidian H, Naghibzadeh-Tahami A, Marzban M, Najafi F, Haghdoost AA, Boffetta P, Kamangar F, Pukkala E, Etemadi A, Weiderpass E, Schüz J, Zendehdel K. Lung cancer risk in relation to jobs held in a nationwide case-control study in Iran. Occup Environ Med 2022; 79:831-838. [PMID: 36379677 PMCID: PMC9685687 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2022-108463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globally, lung cancer is the most frequent occupational cancer, but the risk associated with the occupations or occupational environment in Iran is not clear. We aimed to assess occupations with the risk of lung cancer. METHODS We used the IROPICAN nationwide case-control study data including 658 incident lung cancer cases and 3477 controls. We assessed the risk of lung cancer in relation to ever working in major groups of International Standard Classification of Occupations, high-risk occupations for lung cancer and duration of employment and lung cancer subtype among construction workers and farmers while controlling for cigarette smoking and opium consumption. We used unconditional regression logistic models to estimate ORs for the association between increased lung cancer risk and occupations. RESULTS We observed elevated ORs for lung cancer in male construction workers (OR=1.4; 95% CI: 1.0 to 1.8), petroleum industry workers (OR=3.2; 95% CI: 1.1 to 9.8), female farmers (OR=2.6; 95% CI: 1.3 to 5.3) and female bakers (OR=5.5; 95% CI: 1.0 to 29.8). A positive trend by the duration of employment was observed for male construction workers (p< 0.001). Increased risk of squamous cell carcinoma was observed in male construction workers (OR=1.9; 95% CI: 1.2 to 3.0) and female farmers (OR=4.3; 95% CI: 1.1 to 17.2), who also experienced an increased risk of adenocarcinoma (OR=3.8; 95% CI: 1.4 to 9.9). DISCUSSION Although we observed associations between some occupations and lung cancer consistent with the literature, further studies with larger samples focusing on exposures are needed to better understand the occupational lung cancer burden in Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bayan Hosseini
- Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Tehran, The Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Ann Olsson
- Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Liacine Bouaoun
- Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Amy Hall
- Research Directorate, Veterans Affairs Canada, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada
| | - Maryam Hadji
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Tehran, The Islamic Republic of Iran
- Health Sciences Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tampere Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere, Finland
| | - Hamideh Rashidian
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Tehran, The Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Ahmad Naghibzadeh-Tahami
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, The Islamic Republic of Iran
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, The Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Maryam Marzban
- Clinical Research Development Center, The Persian Gulf Martyrs, Boushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, The Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Farid Najafi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, The Islamic Republic of Iran
- Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, The Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Haghdoost
- Kerman University of Medical Sciences Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Kerman, The Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Farin Kamangar
- Department of Biology, Morgan State University School of Computer Mathematical and Natural Sciences, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Eero Pukkala
- Health Sciences Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Finnish Cancer Registry, Cancer Society of Finland Institute for Statistical and Epidemiological Cancer Research, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Arash Etemadi
- National Cancer Institute Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Joachim Schüz
- Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Kazem Zendehdel
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Tehran, The Islamic Republic of Iran
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Cancer Institute of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Tehran, The Islamic Republic of Iran
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Cabréra L, Auguste A, Michineau L, Joachim C, Deloumeaux J, Luce D. Lung Cancer in the French West Indies: Role of Sugarcane Work and Other Occupational Exposures. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13444. [PMID: 36294021 PMCID: PMC9603435 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our aim was to study the role of occupational exposures in lung cancer risk in the French West Indies, with special attention to some specific activities, such as sugarcane work, that can only be studied in a limited number of populations. METHODS We used data from a population-based case-control study that included 147 incident lung cancer cases and 405 controls. Smoking histories and detailed occupational histories with descriptions of tasks and substances were collected by questionnaire during face-to-face interviews. Odds ratios (OR) adjusted for sex, age, region, smoking status, and cigarette pack-years and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated by unconditional logistic regression. RESULTS Significantly increased risks of lung cancer were found in sugarcane farm workers (OR = 2.7; 95% CI 1.1-6.6) and more generally in the sugarcane-growing sector (OR = 2.5; 95% CI 1.0-6.3) and to a lesser extent in rum production. Elevated risks of lung cancer were also observed among other agricultural workers, painters, warehouse porters, labourers, and maintenance and motor vehicle repair workers. Exposure to herbicides in sugarcane cultivation was associated with an increased risk of lung cancer (OR = 2.6; 95% CI 0.9-7.6). CONCLUSION These results show that occupational exposures contributed to lung cancer risk in the French West Indies, and highlighted the role of exposures related to sugarcane work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léïla Cabréra
- Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail)-UMR_S 1085, EHESP, Inserm, Univ Rennes, F-97100 Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe, France
| | - Aviane Auguste
- Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail)-UMR_S 1085, EHESP, Inserm, Univ Rennes, F-97100 Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe, France
| | - Léah Michineau
- Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail)-UMR_S 1085, EHESP, Inserm, Univ Rennes, F-97100 Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe, France
| | - Clarisse Joachim
- Martinique Cancer Registry, UF 1441 Registre des cancers, Pôle de Cancérologie Hématologie Urologie Pathologie, University Hospital of Martinique, F-97200 Fort-de-France, Martinique, France
| | - Jacqueline Deloumeaux
- General Cancer Registry of Guadeloupe, University Hospital of Guadeloupe, F-97100 Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe, France
| | - Danièle Luce
- Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail)-UMR_S 1085, EHESP, Inserm, Univ Rennes, F-97100 Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe, France
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Brey C, Consonni D, Sarquis LMM, Miranda FMD. Lung cancer and occupational exposure: hospital-based case-control study. Rev Gaucha Enferm 2022; 43:e20210043. [PMID: 35920477 DOI: 10.1590/1983-1447.2022.20210043.en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the relationship between occupation and lung cancer in patients at a national referral hospital for cancer care in southern Brazil. METHOD Hospital-based case-control study conducted between February and October 2019. Occupational histories were coded according to international classifications and translated into occupations associated with lung cancer (List A and B). The odds ratios were adjusted for smoking, with a 95% confidence interval, calculated by conditional logistic regression. RESULTS 99 cases and 227 controls were included. Among men, the occupation of painters (list A) was associated with lung cancer (OR = 14.3; 95% CI: 1.8-116.5), there were no occupations in list B associated with lung cancer. In women, no increased risks were found. CONCLUSIONS It has been shown that exposure to occupational carcinogens among repair and construction painters increases the risk of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Brey
- Instituto Federal do Paraná (IFPR), Coordenação de Enfermagem. Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil
| | - Dario Consonni
- Università degli Studi di Milano (UNIMI). Clinica Del Lavoro. Milano, Lombardia, Italia
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Brey C, Consonni D, Sarquis LMM, Miranda FMD. Câncer de pulmão e exposição ocupacional: estudo caso-controle de base hospitalar. Rev Gaucha Enferm 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1983-1447.2022.20210043.pt] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
RESUMO Objetivo Analisar a relação entre ocupação e câncer de pulmão em pacientes de um hospital de referência nacional para atendimento oncológico no Sul do Brasil. Método Estudo caso-controle de base hospitalar realizado entre fevereiro e outubro de 2019. Os históricos ocupacionais foram codificados de acordo com classificações internacionais e traduzidos em ocupações associadas ao câncer de pulmão (Lista A e B). As odds ratios foram ajustadas para tabagismo, com intervalo de confiança de 95%, calculadas por regressão logística condicional. Resultados Foram incluídos 99 casos e 227 controles. Entre os homens a ocupação de pintores (lista A) estava associada ao câncer de pulmão (OR= 14,3; IC 95%: 1,8-116,5), não houve ocupações da lista B associadas ao câncer de pulmão. Nas mulheres não foram encontrados riscos aumentados. Conclusões Evidenciou-se que a exposição aos carcinógenos ocupacionais entre pintores de reparo e da construção civil aumentam o risco de câncer de pulmão.
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Olsson A, Kromhout H. Occupational cancer burden: the contribution of exposure to process-generated substances at the workplace. Mol Oncol 2021; 15:753-763. [PMID: 33544948 PMCID: PMC7931128 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Respirable crystalline silica in mineral dust, wood dust, diesel engine exhaust emissions and welding fumes are among the most common process-generated substances to which millions of workers are exposed daily. The composition of process-generated substances can vary substantially, depending on the parameters of the underlying processes; for example, the composition and intensity of diesel motor emissions differs among the various generations of diesel engines and working environments (e.g. surface or underground mining). We illustrate how common these occupational exposures are and discuss challenges in estimating their global prevalence and their contribution to the burden of occupational cancer. Estimates of the number and proportion of workers exposed in most countries and on a global scale are generally scarce. A remarkable exception is based on the proactive bottom-up estimates generated within the European Network for Silica. Actions to reduce exposures and research to fill gaps in knowledge adapted to local settings are warranted to mitigate the occupational cancer burden, especially in under-researched settings including low- and middle-income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Olsson
- International Agency for Research in Cancer (IARC)World Health Organization (WHO)LyonFrance
| | - Hans Kromhout
- Institute for Risk Assessment SciencesUtrecht UniversityThe Netherlands
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