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Lu Q, Wang N, Wen D, Guo P, Liu Y, Fu S, Ye C, Wu Z, Qiu Y. Baicalin attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced intestinal inflammatory injury via suppressing PARP1-mediated NF-κB and NLRP3 signalling pathway. Toxicon 2024; 239:107612. [PMID: 38211803 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure is a key inducer of intestinal inflammatory injury in weaned piglets, resulting in decreased growth performance of pigs and causing severe economic losses to the swine industry; however, the mechanism of intestinal inflammatory injury is still unclear. Baicalin is one of the main active ingredients extracted from the natural plant Scutellaria baicalensis that has biological functions, including anti-inflammatory activity. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect and mechanism of baicalin intervention on intestinal inflammatory injury caused by bacterial LPS exposure. In the present study, network pharmacology, molecular docking and DARTS results identified that baicalin has the potential to target PARP1, thereby potentially regulating a series of inflammation-related pathways, including the MAPK, NF-κB and Toll-like receptor signalling pathways, which play the role of antagonizing LPS-induced intestinal inflammatory injury. Further application of the LPS-induced IPEC-J2 cell model validated the finding that baicalin could alleviate LPS-induced intestinal inflammatory injury by inhibiting the PARP1-mediated NF-κB and NLRP3 signalling pathway. These findings demonstrate that baicalin can regulate the expression of PARP1 and that PARP1 has the potential to serve as an effective therapeutic target in the LPS-induced intestinal inflammatory injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qirong Lu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Defeng Wen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Pu Guo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Shulin Fu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Chun Ye
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Zhongyuan Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China.
| | - Yinsheng Qiu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China.
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Nathani S, Das N, Katiyar P, Waghmode B, Sircar D, Roy P. Consumption of honey ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction via upregulation of tight junction proteins. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:3033-3054. [PMID: 37493680 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-023-03203-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The leaky gut barrier is an important factor leading to various inflammatory gastrointestinal disorders. The nutritional value of honey and variety of its health benefits have long been recognized. This study was undertaken to assess the role of Indian mustard honey in preventing lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction using a combination of in vitro and in vivo experimental model systems. METHODS LPS was used to induce intestinal barrier damage in a trans-well model of Caco-2 cells (1 µg/ml) and in Swiss albino mice (5 mg/kg body weight). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) were used to analyse sugar and phenolic components in honey samples. The Caco-2 cell monolayer integrity was evaluated by transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and paracellular permeability assays. The histopathology of intestinal tissue was analysed by haematoxylin and eosin dual staining. The quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to quantify the transcription of genes. The protein expression was analysed by immunofluorescence, western blot and ELISA-based techniques. RESULTS The in vitro data showed that honey prevented LPS-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction dose dependently as was measured by TEER and paracellular flux of FITC-dextran dye. Further, the in vivo data showed a prophylactic effect of orally administered honey as it prevented the loss of intestinal barrier integrity and villus structure. The cellular localization and expression of tight junction (TJ) proteins were upregulated along with downregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines in response to the administration of honey with LPS. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study suggest a propitious role of honey in the maintenance of TJ protein integrity, thereby preventing LPS-induced intestinal barrier disintegration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandip Nathani
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247 667, India
| | - Neeladrisingha Das
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247 667, India
| | - Parul Katiyar
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247 667, India
| | - Bhairavnath Waghmode
- Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247 667, India
| | - Debabrata Sircar
- Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247 667, India
| | - Partha Roy
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247 667, India.
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3
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Liu Y, Guo Y, Hu S, Wang Y, Zhang L, Yu L, Geng F. Analysis of the dynamic changes in gut microbiota in patients with different severity in sepsis. BMC Infect Dis 2023; 23:614. [PMID: 37723420 PMCID: PMC10507951 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08608-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gastrointestinal tract contains a massive microbiota, and targeting the gut could be a potential intervention for sepsis. However, the interaction between sepsis and the intestinal microbiota is defined as an "incompletely understood bidirectional relationship". METHODS This retrospective observational cohort study investigated the fecal microbiota of sepsis patients admitted to the Department of Critical Care Medicine of the Central Hospital of Wuhan, China, from May 2019 to January 2020. 14 septic patients were divided into the non-severe group and the severe group according to the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) score. Herein, fecal samples were serially collected on admission, the third, fourth, and fifth days, and ICU discharge. The fecal microbiota was analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and its correlation with clinical parameters was evaluated. RESULTS Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria were dominant phyla at ICU admission, and fecal biodiversity was not significantly different between the non-severe group (APACHE II < 15) and the severe group (APACHE II > 15). However, the diversity of the gut microbiota was significantly lower at ICU discharge than that at ICU admission with the extension of treatment time. Further significant difference flora analysis (LEfSe) showed that the genera Veillonella and Ruminococcus were the most discriminant biomarkers at ICU admission in non-severe and severe patients, respectively, while Enterococcus was the most discriminant biomarker at ICU discharge in all septic patients. Of note, liver function tests, including ALT, AST, TBIL, and DBIL correlated with the prevalence of various bacterial genera. CONCLUSIONS The diversity of the gut microbiota in patients with sepsis decreases dramatically during ICU stay, and there are distinct dynamic changes in gut microbiota among patients with different severity in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Liu
- Intensive Care Unit, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanan Guo
- Intensive Care Unit, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Su Hu
- Intensive Care Unit, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yujun Wang
- Intensive Care Unit, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- Intensive Care Unit, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Yu
- Intensive Care Unit, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Feng Geng
- Intensive Care Unit, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Li M, Wang Y, Xue J, Xu Q, Zhang Y, Liu J, Xu H, Guan Z, Bian C, Zhang G, Yu Y. Baicalin can enhance odonto/osteogenic differentiation of inflammatory dental pulp stem cells by inhibiting the NF-κB and β-catenin/Wnt signaling pathways. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:4435-4446. [PMID: 37009956 PMCID: PMC10068215 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08398-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi is a famous traditional Chinese medicine, which is widely used in treating fever, upper respiratory tract infection and other diseases. Pharmacology study showed it can exhibit anti-bacterial, anti-inflammation and analgesic effects. In this study, we investigated the effect of baicalin on the odonto/osteogenic differentiation of inflammatory dental pulp stem cells (iDPSCs). METHODS AND RESULTS iDPSCs were isolated from the inflamed pulps collected from pulpitis. The proliferation of iDPSCs was detected by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2,5-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and flow cytometry. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay, alizarin red staining, Real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot assay were conducted to examine the differentiation potency along with the involvement of nuclear factor kappa B(NF-κB) and β-catenin/Wnt signaling pathway. MTT assay and cell-cycle analysis demonstrated that baicalin had no influence on the proliferation of iDPSCs. ALP activity assay and alizarin red staining demonstrated that baicalin could obviously enhance ALP activity and calcified nodules formed in iDPSCs. RT-PCR and Western blot showed that the odonto/osteogenic markers were upregulated in baicalin-treated iDPSCs. Moreover, expression of cytoplastic phosphor-P65, nuclear P65, and β-catenin in iDPSCs was significantly increased compared with DPSCs, but the expression in baicalin-treated iDPSCs was inhibited. In addition, 20 µM Baicalin could accelerate odonto/osteogenic differentiation of iDPSCs via inhibition of NF-κB and β-catenin/Wnt signaling pathways. CONCLUSION Baicalin can promote odonto/osteogenic differentiation of iDPSCs through inhibition of NF-κB and β-catenin/Wnt pathways, thus providing direct evidence that baicalin may be effective in repairing pulp with early irreversible pulpitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyuan Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Shang-Hai Road 1Th, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
- Department of General Dentistry, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Shang-Hai Road 1Th, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yumeng Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Shang-Hai Road 1Th, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
- Department of General Dentistry, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Shang-Hai Road 1Th, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Xue
- Department of Critical Care, Changsha of Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qingqing Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Shang-Hai Road 1Th, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
- Department of General Dentistry, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Shang-Hai Road 1Th, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuerong Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Shang-Hai Road 1Th, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
- Department of General Dentistry, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Shang-Hai Road 1Th, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Shang-Hai Road 1Th, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
- Department of General Dentistry, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Shang-Hai Road 1Th, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hai Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Shang-Hai Road 1Th, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Shang-Hai Road 1Th, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhuo Guan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Shang-Hai Road 1Th, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
- Department of General Dentistry, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Shang-Hai Road 1Th, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chengyue Bian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Shang-Hai Road 1Th, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
- Department of General Dentistry, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Shang-Hai Road 1Th, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guangdong Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Shang-Hai Road 1Th, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
- Department of General Dentistry, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Shang-Hai Road 1Th, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yan Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Shang-Hai Road 1Th, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Shang-Hai Road 1Th, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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Yang JY, Ma YX, Liu Y, Peng XJ, Chen XZ. A Comprehensive Review of Natural Flavonoids with Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Activity. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062735. [PMID: 36985705 PMCID: PMC10054335 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has majorly impacted public health and economies worldwide. Although several effective vaccines and drugs are now used to prevent and treat COVID-19, natural products, especially flavonoids, showed great therapeutic potential early in the pandemic and thus attracted particular attention. Quercetin, baicalein, baicalin, EGCG (epigallocatechin gallate), and luteolin are among the most studied flavonoids in this field. Flavonoids can directly or indirectly exert antiviral activities, such as the inhibition of virus invasion and the replication and inhibition of viral proteases. In addition, flavonoids can modulate the levels of interferon and proinflammatory factors. We have reviewed the previously reported relevant literature researching the pharmacological anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity of flavonoids where structures, classifications, synthetic pathways, and pharmacological effects are summarized. There is no doubt that flavonoids have great potential in the treatment of COVID-19. However, most of the current research is still in the theoretical stage. More studies are recommended to evaluate the efficacy and safety of flavonoids against SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Yu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases of Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Yi-Xuan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases of Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases of Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Xiang-Jun Peng
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases of Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication for Tissue Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Xiang-Zhao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases of Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication for Tissue Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
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Provitera L, Tomaselli A, Raffaeli G, Crippa S, Arribas C, Amodeo I, Gulden S, Amelio GS, Cortesi V, Manzoni F, Cervellini G, Cerasani J, Menis C, Pesenti N, Tripodi M, Santi L, Maggioni M, Lonati C, Oldoni S, Algieri F, Garrido F, Bernardo ME, Mosca F, Cavallaro G. Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Reduce the Severity of Experimental Necrotizing Enterocolitis in a Concentration-Dependent Manner. Cells 2023; 12:cells12050760. [PMID: 36899900 PMCID: PMC10000931 DOI: 10.3390/cells12050760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating gut disease in preterm neonates. In NEC animal models, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) administration has reduced the incidence and severity of NEC. We developed and characterized a novel mouse model of NEC to evaluate the effect of human bone marrow-derived MSCs (hBM-MSCs) in tissue regeneration and epithelial gut repair. NEC was induced in C57BL/6 mouse pups at postnatal days (PND) 3-6 by (A) gavage feeding term infant formula, (B) hypoxia/hypothermia, and (C) lipopolysaccharide. Intraperitoneal injections of PBS or two hBM-MSCs doses (0.5 × 106 or 1 × 106) were given on PND2. At PND 6, we harvested intestine samples from all groups. The NEC group showed an incidence of NEC of 50% compared with controls (p < 0.001). Severity of bowel damage was reduced by hBM-MSCs compared to the PBS-treated NEC group in a concentration-dependent manner, with hBM-MSCs (1 × 106) inducing a NEC incidence reduction of up to 0% (p < 0.001). We showed that hBM-MSCs enhanced intestinal cell survival, preserving intestinal barrier integrity and decreasing mucosal inflammation and apoptosis. In conclusion, we established a novel NEC animal model and demonstrated that hBM-MSCs administration reduced the NEC incidence and severity in a concentration-dependent manner, enhancing intestinal barrier integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia Provitera
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Tomaselli
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Genny Raffaeli
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: (G.R.); (G.C.); Tel.: +39-(02)-55032234 (G.C.); Fax: +39-(02)-55032217 (G.R. & G.C.)
| | - Stefania Crippa
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Arribas
- Department of Pediatrics, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 28027 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ilaria Amodeo
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Gulden
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Sant’Anna Hospital, 22042 Como, Italy
| | - Giacomo Simeone Amelio
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Cortesi
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Manzoni
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Gaia Cervellini
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Jacopo Cerasani
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Camilla Menis
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Pesenti
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Department of Statistics and Quantitative Methods, Division of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
- Revelo Datalabs S.R.L., 20142 Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Tripodi
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Ludovica Santi
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Maggioni
- Department of Pathology, Fondazione Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Caterina Lonati
- Center for Preclinical Investigation, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Samanta Oldoni
- Center for Preclinical Investigation, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Algieri
- Research and Development Unit, Postbiotica S.R.L., 20123 Milan, Italy
| | - Felipe Garrido
- Department of Pediatrics, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 28027 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Ester Bernardo
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Pediatric Immunohematology Unit, BMT Program, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Maternal and Child Department, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Mosca
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Giacomo Cavallaro
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: (G.R.); (G.C.); Tel.: +39-(02)-55032234 (G.C.); Fax: +39-(02)-55032217 (G.R. & G.C.)
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Qassadi FI, Zhu Z, Monaghan TM. Plant-Derived Products with Therapeutic Potential against Gastrointestinal Bacteria. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12020333. [PMID: 36839605 PMCID: PMC9967904 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12020333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The rising burden of antimicrobial resistance and increasing infectious disease outbreaks, including the recent COVID-19 pandemic, has led to a growing demand for the development of natural products as a valuable source of leading medicinal compounds. There is a wide variety of active constituents found in plants, making them an excellent source of antimicrobial agents with therapeutic potential as alternatives or potentiators of antibiotics. The structural diversity of phytochemicals enables them to act through a variety of mechanisms, targeting multiple biochemical pathways, in contrast to traditional antimicrobials. Moreover, the bioactivity of the herbal extracts can be explained by various metabolites working in synergism, where hundreds to thousands of metabolites make up the extract. Although a vast amount of literature is available regarding the use of these herbal extracts against bacterial and viral infections, critical assessments of their quality are lacking. This review aims to explore the efficacy and antimicrobial effects of herbal extracts against clinically relevant gastrointestinal infections including pathogenic Escherichia coli, toxigenic Clostridioides difficile, Campylobacter and Salmonella species. The review will discuss research gaps and propose future approaches to the translational development of plant-derived products for drug discovery purposes for the treatment and prevention of gastrointestinal infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatimah I. Qassadi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zheying Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Tanya M. Monaghan
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
- Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
- Correspondence:
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8
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Effect of baicalin supplementation on the growth, health, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacity, and immune function of preweaned calves. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2023.115598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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9
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Xiong HH, Lin SY, Chen LL, Ouyang KH, Wang WJ. The Interaction between Flavonoids and Intestinal Microbes: A Review. Foods 2023; 12:foods12020320. [PMID: 36673411 PMCID: PMC9857828 DOI: 10.3390/foods12020320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, research on the interaction between flavonoids and intestinal microbes have prompted a rash of food science, nutriology and biomedicine, complying with future research trends. The gut microbiota plays an essential role in the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis and human health, but once the intestinal flora dysregulation occurs, it may contribute to various diseases. Flavonoids have shown a variety of physiological activities, and are metabolized or biotransformed by gut microbiota, thereby producing new metabolites that promote human health by modulating the composition and structure of intestinal flora. Herein, this review demonstrates the key notion of flavonoids as well as intestinal microbiota and dysbiosis, aiming to provide a comprehensive understanding about how flavonoids regulate the diseases by gut microbiota. Emphasis is placed on the microbiota-flavonoid bidirectional interaction that affects the metabolic fate of flavonoids and their metabolites, thereby influencing their metabolic mechanism, biotransformation, bioavailability and bioactivity. Potentially by focusing on the abundance and diversity of gut microbiota as well as their metabolites such as bile acids, we discuss the influence mechanism of flavonoids on intestinal microbiota by protecting the intestinal barrier function and immune system. Additionally, the microbiota-flavonoid bidirectional interaction plays a crucial role in regulating various diseases. We explain the underlying regulation mechanism of several typical diseases including gastrointestinal diseases, obesity, diabetes and cancer, aiming to provide a theoretical basis and guideline for the promotion of gastrointestinal health as well as the treatment of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Hui Xiong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Su-Yun Lin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Ling-Li Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Ke-Hui Ouyang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Wen-Jun Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-791-83813655
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10
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Zhang B, Wei X, Ding M, Luo Z, Tan X, Zheng Z. Daidzein Protects Caco-2 Cells against Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Injury by Suppressing PI3K/AKT and P38 Pathways. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27248928. [PMID: 36558058 PMCID: PMC9781898 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The intestinal epithelium provides an important barrier against bacterial endotoxin translocation, which can regulate the absorption of water and ions. The disruption of epithelial barrier function can result in water transport and tight junction damage, or further cause diarrhea. Therefore, reducing intestinal epithelial barrier injury plays an important role in diarrhea. Inflammatory response is an important cause of intestinal barrier defects. Daidzein improving the barrier integrity has been reported, but the effect on tight junction proteins and aquaporins is not well-described yet, and the underlying mechanism remains indistinct in the human intestinal epithelium. This study aimed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of daidzein on intestinal epithelial barrier injury induced by LPS, and a barrier injury model induced by LPS was established with human colorectal epithelial adenocarcinoma cell line Caco-2 cells. We found that daidzein protected the integrity of Caco-2 cell monolayers, reversed LPS-induced downregulation of ZO-1, occludin, claudin-1, and AQP3 expression, maintained intercellular junction of ZO-1, and suppressed NF-κB and the expression of inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-6). Furthermore, we found that daidzein suppressed the phosphorylation of the PI3K/AKT and P38 pathway-related proteins and the level of the related genes, and the PI3K/AKT and P38 pathway inhibitors increased ZO-1, occludin, claudin-1, and AQP3 expression. The study showed that daidzein could resist LPS-induced intestinal epithelial barrier injury, and the mechanism is related to suppressing the PI3K/AKT and P38 pathways. Therefore, daidzein could be a candidate as a dietary supplementation or drug to prevent or cure diarrhea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoping Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangzhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Preparation Technology, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xiaohan Wei
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangzhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Preparation Technology, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Mengze Ding
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangzhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Preparation Technology, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhenye Luo
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangzhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Preparation Technology, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xiaomei Tan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangzhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Preparation Technology, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Correspondence: (X.T.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Zezhong Zheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Correspondence: (X.T.); (Z.Z.)
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11
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Bao M, Ma Y, Liang M, Sun X, Ju X, Yong Y, Liu X. Research progress on pharmacological effects and new dosage forms of baicalin. Vet Med Sci 2022; 8:2773-2784. [DOI: 10.1002/vms3.960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Minglong Bao
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences Guangdong Ocean University Zhanjiang P. R. China
| | - Yunfei Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University Beijing P. R. China
| | - Mei Liang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences Guangdong Ocean University Zhanjiang P. R. China
| | - Xinyi Sun
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences Guangdong Ocean University Zhanjiang P. R. China
| | - Xianghong Ju
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences Guangdong Ocean University Zhanjiang P. R. China
| | - Yanhong Yong
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences Guangdong Ocean University Zhanjiang P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxi Liu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences Guangdong Ocean University Zhanjiang P. R. China
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12
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Yao W, Zhang Y, Zhang W, Wen Y, Yang R, Dong J, Zhang X, Hua Y, Ji P, Wei Y. Pathological mechanism of intestinal mucosal barrier injury of large intestine dampness-heat syndrome rats and the protective effect of Yujin powder. Res Vet Sci 2022; 152:485-496. [PMID: 36156378 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2022.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Large intestine dampness-heat syndrome (LIDHS) is frequently-occurring in the inflammatory intestinal disease of animals and human. Yujin powder (YJP) is a classical prescription for treating LIDHS. To explore the pathological mechanism of intestinal mucosal barrier injury of LIDHS and the protection of YJP, the LIDHS rat model was established through imitating the inducing conditions of LIDHS and treated with YJP. The integrity of ileal and colonic mucosa was detected through histopathological examination. The serum DAO, D-LA and ET levels were detected by ELISA. The mRNA and protein expression levels of Occludin, ZO-1 and MUC2 in ileum and colon were detected using RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry methods, respectively. The results showed that the ileal and colonic epithelium of LIDHS rats were destroyed; the serum DAO, D-LA and ET levels were significantly increased; the mRNA and protein expression levels of Occludin, ZO-1 and MUC2 in ileum and colon were all abnormally expressed. After treatment with YJP, the mucosal integrity was restored; the levels of serum DAO, D-LA and ET, mRNA and protein levels of Occludin and ZO-1 in ileum and colon and MUC2 in ileum were back-regulated; however, MUC2 level in colon was further increased. The results demonstrated that the intestinal mucosal barrier was damaged in LIDHS rats and Occludin, ZO-1 and MUC2 were abnormally expressed, and YJP could repair the intestinal mucosal barrier through up-regulating the expression of Occludin and ZO-1 in ileum and colon as well as MUC2 in colon and down-regulating MUC2 in ileum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanling Yao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China
| | - Yahui Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China
| | - Wangdong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China
| | - Yanqiao Wen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China
| | - Rong Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China
| | - Jiaqi Dong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China
| | - Xiaosong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China
| | - Yongli Hua
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China
| | - Peng Ji
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China
| | - Yanming Wei
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China.
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Protective and therapeutic effects of Scutellaria baicalensis and its main active ingredients baicalin and baicalein against natural toxicities and physical hazards: a review of mechanisms. Daru 2022; 30:351-366. [PMID: 35870110 PMCID: PMC9715893 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-022-00443-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Scutellaria baicalensis (SB) has been traditionally used to combat a variety of conditions ranging from ischemic heart disease to cancer. The protective effects of SB are due to the action of two main flavonoids baicalin (BA) and baicalein (BE). This paper aimed to provide a narrative review of the protective and antidotal effects of SB and its main constituents against natural toxicities and physical hazards. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION Scientific databases Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science were thoroughly searched, based on different keywords for in vivo, in vitro and clinical studies which reported protective or therapeutic effects of SB or its constituents in natural and physical toxicities. RESULTS Numerous studies have reported that treatment with BE, BA, or total SB extract prevents or counteracts the detrimental toxic effects of various natural compounds and physical hazards. The toxic agents include mycotoxins, lipopolysaccharide, multiple plants and animal-derived substances as well as physical factors which negatively affected vital organs such as CNS, liver, kidneys, lung and heart. Increasing the expression of radical scavenging enzymes and glutathione content as well as inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines and pro-apoptotic mediators were important mechanisms of action. CONCLUSION Different studies on the Chinese skullcap have exhibited that its total root extract, BA or BE can act as potential antidotes or protective agents against the damage induced by natural toxins and physical factors by alleviating oxidative stress and inflammation. However, the scarcity of high-quality clinical evidence means that further clinical studies are required to reach a more definitive conclusion.
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Wang X, Xie L, Long J, Liu K, Lu J, Liang Y, Cao Y, Dai X, Li X. Therapeutic effect of baicalin on inflammatory bowel disease: A review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 283:114749. [PMID: 34666140 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Baicalin (BI) is an important biologically active flavonoid isolated from the root of Scutellaria radix (Huang Qin). Traditionally Scutellaria radix was the common drug of dysentery. As the main flavonoid compound, there is a distribution tendency of baicalin to the intestinal tract and it has a protective effect on the gastrointestinal tract. AIM OF THE REVIEW This review aims to compile up-to-date and comprehensive information on the efficacy of baicalin in vitro and in vivo, about treating inflammatory bowel disease. Relevant information on the therapeutic potential of baicalin against inflammatory bowel disease was collected from the Web of Science, Pubmed and so on. Additionally, a few books and magazines were also consulted to get the important information. RESULTS The mechanisms of baicalin against inflammatory bowel disease mainly include anti-inflammation, antioxidant, immune regulation, maintenance of intestinal barrier, maintenance of intestinal flora balance. Also, BI can relieve parts of extraintestinal manifestations (EIMs), and prevent colorectal cancer. CONCLUSION Baicalin determined the promising therapeutic prospects as potential supplementary medicines for the treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Wang
- School of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of TCM, China
| | - Long Xie
- School of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of TCM, China
| | - Jiaying Long
- School of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of TCM, China
| | - Kai Liu
- School of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of TCM, China
| | - Jing Lu
- School of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of TCM, China
| | - Youdan Liang
- School of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of TCM, China
| | - Yi Cao
- School of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of TCM, China
| | - Xiaolin Dai
- School of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of TCM, China
| | - Xiaofang Li
- School of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of TCM, China.
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15
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Cai SQ, Zhang Q, Zhao XH, Shi J. The In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Galangin and Quercetin towards the LPS-Injured Rat Intestinal Epithelial (IEC-6) Cells as Affected by Heat Treatment. Molecules 2021; 26:7495. [PMID: 34946578 PMCID: PMC8703769 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26247495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Flavonols possess several beneficial bioactivities in vitro and in vivo. In this study, two flavonols galangin and quercetin with or without heat treatment (100 °C for 15-30 min) were assessed for their anti-inflammatory activities in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated rat intestinal epithelial (IEC-6) cells and whether the heat treatment caused activity changes. The flavonol dosages of 2.5-20 μmol/L had no cytotoxicity on the cells but could enhance cell viability (especially using 5 μmol/L flavonol dosage). The flavonols could decrease the production of prostaglandin E2 and three pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α, and simultaneously promote the production of two anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and transforming growth factor-β. The Western-blot results verified that the flavonols could suppress the LPS-induced expression of TLR4 and phosphorylated IκBα and p65, while the molecular docking results also illustrated that the flavonols could bind with TLR4 and NF-κB to yield energy decreases of -(21.9-28.6) kJ/mol. Furthermore, an inhibitor BAY 11-7082 blocked the NF-κB signaling pathway by inhibiting the expression of phosphorylated IκBα/p65 and thus mediated the production of IL-6/IL-10 as the flavonols did, which confirmed the assessed anti-inflammatory effect of the flavonols. Consistently, galangin had higher anti-inflammatory activity than quercetin, while the heated flavonols (especially those with longer heat time) were less active than the unheated counterparts to exert these target anti-inflammatory effects. It is highlighted that the flavonols could antagonize the LPS-caused IEC-6 cells inflammation via suppressing TLR4/NF-κB activation, but heat treatment of the flavonols led to reduced anti-inflammatory efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Qing Cai
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China;
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, China;
| | - Qiang Zhang
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, China;
- Research Centre of Food Nutrition and Human Healthcare, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, China
| | - Xin-Huai Zhao
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, China;
- Research Centre of Food Nutrition and Human Healthcare, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, China
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, China
| | - Jia Shi
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China;
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16
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Jeong YY, Lee GY, Yoo YC. Bovine Lactoferricin Induces Intestinal Epithelial Cell Activation through Phosphorylation of FAK and Paxillin and Prevents Rotavirus Infection. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 31:1175-1182. [PMID: 34226406 PMCID: PMC9705853 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2106.06044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the effect of bovine lactoferricin (Lfcin-B), a peptide derived from bovine lactoferrin, on activation of intestinal epithelial cells in IEC-6 intestinal cell, and protection against in vivo rotavirus (RV) infection. Treatment with Lfcin-B significantly enhanced the growth of IEC-6 cells and increased their capacity for attachment and spreading in culture plates. Also, Lfcin-B synergistically augmented the binding of IEC-6 cells to laminin, a component of the extracellular matrix (ECM). In the analysis of the intracellular mechanism related to Lfcin-B-induced activation of IEC-6 cells, this peptide upregulated tyrosine-dependent phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and paxillin, which are intracellular proteins associated with cell adhesion, spreading, and signal transduction during cell activation. An experiment using synthetic peptides with various sequences of amino acids revealed that a sequence of 9 amino acids (FKCRRWQWR) corresponding to 17-25 of the N-terminus of Lfcin-B is responsible for the epithelial cell activation. In an in vivo experiment, treatment with Lfcin-B one day before RV infection effectively prevented RV-induced diarrhea and significantly reduced RV titers in the bowels of infected mice. These results suggest that Lfcin-B plays meaningful roles in the maintenance and repair of intestinal mucosal tissues, as well as in protecting against intestinal infection by RV. Collectively, Lfcin-B is a promising candidate with potential applications in drugs or functional foods beneficial for intestinal health and mucosal immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Young Jeong
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Republic of Korea
| | - Ga Young Lee
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung Choon Yoo
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Republic of Korea,Corresponding author Phone: +82-10-7573-9249 Fax: +82-42-600-8694 E-mail:
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17
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Pellissery AJ, Vinayamohan PG, Kuttappan DA, Mishra N, Fragomeni BDO, Maas K, Mooyottu S, Venkitanarayanan K. Protective Effect of Baicalin against Clostridioides difficile Infection in Mice. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10080926. [PMID: 34438975 PMCID: PMC8388895 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10080926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the prophylactic and therapeutic efficacies of baicalin (BC), a plant-derived flavone glycoside, in reducing the severity of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) in a mouse model. In the prophylactic trial, C57BL/6 mice were provided with BC (0, 11, and 22 mg/L in drinking water) from 12 days before C. difficile challenge through the end of the experiment, whereas BC administration started day 1 post challenge in the therapeutic trial. Both challenge and control groups were infected with 106 CFU/mL of hypervirulent C. difficile BAA 1803 spores or sterile PBS, and the clinical and diarrheal scores were recorded for 10 days post challenge. On day 2 post challenge, fecal and tissue samples were collected from mice prophylactically administered with BC for microbiome and histopathologic analysis. Both prophylactic and therapeutic supplementation of BC significantly reduced the severity of colonic lesions and improved CDI clinical progression and outcome compared with control (p < 0.05). Microbiome analysis revealed a significant increase in Gammaproteobacteria and reduction in the abundance of protective microbiota (Firmicutes) in antibiotic-treated and C. difficile-infected mice compared with controls (p < 0.05). However, baicalin supplementation favorably altered the microbiome composition, as revealed by an increased abundance in beneficial bacteria, especially Lachnospiraceae and Akkermansia. Our results warrant follow-up investigations on the use of BC as an adjunct to antibiotic therapy to control gut dysbiosis and reduce C. difficile infection in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abraham Joseph Pellissery
- Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA; (A.J.P.); (D.A.K.); (B.O.F.)
| | | | - Deepa Ashwarya Kuttappan
- Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA; (A.J.P.); (D.A.K.); (B.O.F.)
| | - Neha Mishra
- Department of Pathobiology and Veterinary Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA;
| | - Breno de Oliveira Fragomeni
- Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA; (A.J.P.); (D.A.K.); (B.O.F.)
| | - Kendra Maas
- Microbial Analysis, Resources, and Services, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA;
| | - Shankumar Mooyottu
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA;
| | - Kumar Venkitanarayanan
- Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA; (A.J.P.); (D.A.K.); (B.O.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(860)-486-1957
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18
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Liu Y, Li X, Zhang Z, Zhang J, Xu J, Qiu Y, Ye C, Fu S, Wu Z, Hu CAA. Baicalin Protects Vascular Tight Junctions in Piglets During Glaesserella parasuis Infection. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:671936. [PMID: 34250062 PMCID: PMC8267157 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.671936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Glaesserella parasuis (G. parasuis) can cause Glässer's disease and severely affect swine industry worldwide. This study is an attempt to address the issue of the capability of G. parasuis to damage the vascular barrier and the effects of baicalin on vascular tight junctions (TJ) in order to investigate the interactions between the pathogen and the porcine vascular endothelium. Piglets were challenged with G. parasuis and treated with or without baicalin. The expressions of vascular TJ genes were examined using RT-PCR. The distribution patterns of TJ proteins were detected by immunofluorescence. The involved signaling pathways were determined by Western blot assays on related proteins. G. parasuis can downregulate TJ expression and disrupt the distribution of TJ proteins. Baicalin can alleviate the downregulation of vascular TJ mRNA, maintain the distribution, and prevent the abnormalities of TJ. These results provide ample evidence that baicalin has the capacity to protect vascular TJ damaged by G. parasuis through inhibiting PKC and MLCK/MLC pathway activation. As a result, baicalin is a promising candidate for application as a natural agent for the prevention and control of G. parasuis infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- Hubei key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoyi Li
- Hubei key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhaoran Zhang
- Hubei key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiacheng Zhang
- Hubei key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Hubei key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yinsheng Qiu
- Hubei key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chun Ye
- Hubei key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shulin Fu
- Hubei key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhongyuan Wu
- Hubei key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chien-An Andy Hu
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, United States
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19
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Hao D, Li Y, Shi J, Jiang J. Baicalin alleviates chronic obstructive pulmonary disease through regulation of HSP72-mediated JNK pathway. Mol Med 2021; 27:53. [PMID: 34053448 PMCID: PMC8165801 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-021-00309-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by airway obstruction and progressive lung inflammation. As the primary ingredient of a traditional Chinese medical herb, Baicalin has been previously shown to possess anti-inflammatory abilities. Thus, the current study aimed to elucidate the mechanism by which baicalin alleviates COPD. METHODS Baicalin was adopted to treat cigarette smoke in extract-exposed MLE-12 cells after which cell viability and apoptosis were determined. The production of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8 were determined by enzyme-linked immunoassay. A COPD mouse model was constructed via exposure to cigarette smoke and lipopolysaccharide, baicalin treatment. Lung function and inflammatory cell infiltration were determined and the production of Muc5AC, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8 in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was assayed by ELISA. The effect of HSP72 and JNK on COPD following treatment with baicalin was assessed both in vivo and in vitro by conducting loss- and gain- function experiments. RESULTS Baicalin improved lung function evidenced by reduction in inflammatory cell infiltration and Muc5AC, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 levels observed in BALF in mice. Baicalin was further observed to elevate cell viability while inhibited apoptosis and TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 levels in MLE-12 cells. Baicalin treatment increased HSP72 expression, while its depletion reversed the effect of baicalin on COPD. HSP72 inhibited the activation of JNK, while JNK activation was found to inhibit the effect of baicalin on COPD. CONCLUSIONS Baicalin upregulated the expression of HSP72, resulting in the inhibition of JNK signaling activation, which ultimately alleviates COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dexun Hao
- Department of Geriatric Respiratory and Sleep, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1, Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan Province, China
| | - Yanshuang Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiang Shi
- Department of Geriatric Respiratory and Sleep, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1, Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan Province, China
| | - Junguang Jiang
- Department of Geriatric Respiratory and Sleep, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1, Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan Province, China.
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20
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Huang YP, Li P, Du T, Du XJ, Wang S. Protective effect and mechanism of Monascus-fermented red yeast rice against colitis caused by Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium ATCC 14028. Food Funct 2021; 11:6363-6375. [PMID: 32609139 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo01017k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Red yeast rice (RYR), a traditional Chinese fermented food, has the effect of lowering blood lipid and cholesterol, but little information is available about whether RYR can inhibit pathogenic bacterial infection in vivo. The present study explored the effect of RYR on Salmonella enterica-induced intestinal inflammation and gut microbiota dysbiosis in mice as well as the underlying anti-inflammatory mechanism. Results showed that RYR can alleviate S. enterica infection in vivo and Monascus pigments are the main functional components. The analysis of microbiota, gene expression profile and serological immunology revealed that RYR can regulate the intestinal flora and increase the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Lactobacillus and Akkermansia. Meanwhile, RYR is also found to regulate the expression of pro-inflammatory factors and tight junction-related genes to inhibit the NO and NF-κB-mediated inflammatory response and maintain the integrity of the intestinal barrier. This study provides a new dietary intervention strategy for the prevention of pathogenic bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ping Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Ting Du
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Xin-Jun Du
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Shuo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China. and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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21
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Protective Effects of Baicalin on Peritoneal Tight Junctions in Piglets Challenged with Glaesserella parasuis. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26051268. [PMID: 33652818 PMCID: PMC7956672 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Glaesserella parasuis (G. parasuis) causes inflammation and damage to piglets. Whether polyserositis caused by G. parasuis is due to tight junctions damage and the protective effect of baicalin on it have not been examined. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effects of baicalin on peritoneal tight junctions of piglets challenged with G. parasuis and its underlying molecular mechanisms. Piglets were challenged with G. parasuis and treated with or without baicalin. RT-PCR was performed to examine the expression of peritoneal tight junctions genes. Immunofluorescence was carried out to detect the distribution patterns of tight junctions proteins. Western blot assays were carried out to determine the involved signaling pathways. Our data showed that G. parasuis infection can down-regulate the tight junctions expression and disrupt the distribution of tight junctions proteins. Baicalin can alleviate the down-regulation of tight junctions mRNA in peritoneum, prevent the abnormalities and maintain the continuous organization of tight junctions. Our results provide novel evidence to support that baicalin has the capacity to protect peritoneal tight junctions from G. parasuis-induced inflammation. The protective mechanisms of baicalin could be associated with inhibition of the activation of PKC and MLCK/MLC signaling pathway. Taken together, these data demonstrated that baicalin is a promising natural agent for the prevention and treatment of G. parasuis infection.
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22
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Hui Q, Ammeter E, Liu S, Yang R, Lu P, Lahaye L, Yang C. Eugenol attenuates inflammatory response and enhances barrier function during lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in the porcine intestinal epithelial cells. J Anim Sci 2020; 98:5879378. [PMID: 32735667 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skaa245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Eugenol (4-allyl-2-methoxyphenol) is an essential oil component, possessing antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidative properties; however, the effect of eugenol on porcine gut inflammation has not yet been investigated. In this study, an in vitro lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation model in porcine intestinal epithelial cells (IPEC-J2) has been set up. Cells were pretreated with 100 μM (16.42 mg/L) eugenol for 2 h followed by 10 μg/mL LPS stimulation for 6 h. Proinflammatory cytokine secretion; reactive oxygen species; gene expression of proinflammatory cytokines, tight junction proteins, and nutrient transporters; the expression and distribution of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1); transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER); and cell permeability were measured to investigate the effect of eugenol on inflammatory responses and gut barrier function. The results showed that eugenol pretreatment significantly suppressed the LPS-stimulated interleukin-8 level and the mRNA abundance of tumor necrosis factor-α and restored the LPS-stimulated decrease of the mRNA abundance of tight junction proteins, such as ZO-1 and occludin, and the mRNA abundance of nutrient transporters, such as B0 1 system ASC sodium-dependent neutral amino acid exchanger 2, sodium-dependent glucose transporter 1, excitatory amino acid transporter 1, and peptide transporter 1. In addition, eugenol improved the expression and even redistribution of ZO-1 and tended to increase TEER value and maintained the barrier integrity. In conclusion, a low dose of eugenol attenuated inflammatory responses and enhanced selectively permeable barrier function during LPS-induced inflammation in the IPEC-J2 cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianru Hui
- Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Emily Ammeter
- Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Shangxi Liu
- Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Runqiang Yang
- Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.,College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Peng Lu
- Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | | | - Chengbo Yang
- Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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Fan J, Zhao XH, Li TJ. Heat treatment of galangin and kaempferol inhibits their benefits to improve barrier function in rat intestinal epithelial cells. J Nutr Biochem 2020; 87:108517. [PMID: 33011286 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2020.108517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Flavonols are bioactive substances in plant foods. In this study, two flavonols galangin and kaempferol were heated at 100°C for 30 min prior to assessing their effects on barrier function of rat intestinal epithelial (IEC-6) cells. Both heated and unheated flavonols (2.5-20 µmol/L dosages) were nontoxic to the cells up to 48 h post-treatment, and could promote cell viability values to 102.2-141.2% of control. By treatment with 5 µmol/L flavonols for 24 and 48 h, the treated cells time-dependently showed better improved physical and biological barrier functions than the control cells without any flavonol treatment, including higher transepithelial electrical resistance and antibacterial effect but reduced paracellular permeability and bacterial translocation. The results from real-time PCR and western-blot assays indicated that the cells treated with heated and unheated flavonols of 5 µmol/L dosage had up-regulated mRNA (1.13-1.81 folds) and protein (1.15-5.11 folds) expression for zonula occluden-1, occludin, and claudin-1 that are vital to the tight junctions of the cells. Moreover, protein expression of RhoA and ROCK were down-regulated into 0.41-0.98 and 0.40-0.92 folds, respectively, demonstrating a Rho inactivation that led to enhanced cell barrier integrity via the RhoA/ROCK pathway. Overall, galangin was more active than kaempferol to perform three biofunctions like improving cell barrier function, up-regulating tight junctions protein expression, and down-regulating RhoA/ROCK expression. Moreover, the heated flavonols were less effective than the unheated counterparts to perform these biofunctions. It is concluded that this heat treatment of galangin and kaempferol could inhibit their benefits to improve barrier function of IEC-6 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Fan
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Xin-Huai Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China; School of Biology and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, PR China.
| | - Tie-Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China; College of Light Industry, Liaoning University, Shenyang, PR China.
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Bai M, Lu C, An L, Gao Q, Xie W, Miao F, Chen X, Pan Y, Wang Q. SIRT1 relieves Necrotizing Enterocolitis through inactivation of Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1a. Cell Cycle 2020; 19:2018-2027. [PMID: 32657204 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2020.1788251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in newborns, characterized by inflammatory intestinal necrosis. Sirtuin-1 (SIRT1), a NAD-dependent deacetylase, is involved in multiple biological functions. It has been reported that SIRT1 was downregulated in NEC tissues. However, the precise role of SIRT1 in NEC progress remains unknown. In this study, we found that SIRT1 was decreased in serum samples of NEC patients, associated with an inflammation response. an in vitro model was established by using LPS-induced NEC-like cell in this study. The results indicate that overexpression of SIRT1 inhibited the cell apoptosis induced by LPS. Besides, overexpression of SIRT1 suppressed the high expression of proinflammatory factors (IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α), the decrease of transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER), and the decline expression of tight junction proteins (ZO-1, ZO-2, and Claudin-4) induced by LPS in Caco-2 cells. What is more, serum HIF-1α was increased in NEC patients. SIRT1 overexpression suppressed the expression and activity of HIF-1a, while knockdown of SIRT1 made the opposite effect. In summary, this study indicates that overexpression of SIRT1 alleviates the inflammation response and intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction through regulating the expression and inactivation of HIF-1a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Bai
- Department of Urology, Xi'an children's hospital , Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chaoxiang Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Xi'an children's hospital, Xi'an Shaanxi Province , China
| | - Lu An
- Department of Pathology, Xi'an children's hospital , Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qi Gao
- Department of General Surgery, Xi'an children's hospital, Xi'an Shaanxi Province , China
| | - Weike Xie
- Department of General Surgery, Xi'an children's hospital, Xi'an Shaanxi Province , China
| | - Feng Miao
- Department of General Surgery, Xi'an children's hospital, Xi'an Shaanxi Province , China
| | - Xiaofeng Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Xi'an children's hospital, Xi'an Shaanxi Province , China
| | - Yongkang Pan
- Department of General Surgery, Xi'an children's hospital, Xi'an Shaanxi Province , China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Xi'an children's hospital, Xi'an Shaanxi Province , China
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25
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He C, Hu X, Xiao D, Wu J, Zhou S, Deng J, Xu S, Huang Y, Peng M, Yang X. Vitamin A prevents lipopolysaccharide-induced injury on tight junctions in mice. Food Sci Nutr 2020; 8:1942-1948. [PMID: 32328260 PMCID: PMC7174240 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin A (VA) is one of the most widely used food supplements, but its molecular mechanisms largely remain elusive. Previously, we have demonstrated that VA inhibits the action of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on intestinal epithelial barrier function and tight junction proteins using IPEC-J2 cells, one of representative intestinal cell lines as a cellular model. These exciting findings stimulated us continue to determine the effects of VA on LPS-induced damage of intestinal integrity in mice. Our results demonstrated that LPS treatment caused reductions of the mRNA levels of tight junction proteins including Zo-1, Occludin, and Claudin-1, well-known biomarkers of intestinal integrity, and these reductions were reversed by VA pretreatment. Intestinal immunofluorescent results of Claudin-1 revealed that LPS disrupted the structure of tight junction and reduced the expression of Claudin-1 at protein level, which was reversed by VA pretreatment. These results suggest that VA may exert a profound role on preventing intestinal inflammation in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caimei He
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan ProvinceDepartment of PharmacySchool of MedicineHunan Normal UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Xin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan ProvinceDepartment of PharmacySchool of MedicineHunan Normal UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Di Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan ProvinceDepartment of PharmacySchool of MedicineHunan Normal UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Jingtao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan ProvinceDepartment of PharmacySchool of MedicineHunan Normal UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Sichun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan ProvinceDepartment of PharmacySchool of MedicineHunan Normal UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Jun Deng
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan ProvinceDepartment of PharmacySchool of MedicineHunan Normal UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Simeng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan ProvinceDepartment of PharmacySchool of MedicineHunan Normal UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Yanjun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan ProvinceDepartment of PharmacySchool of MedicineHunan Normal UniversityChangshaChina
- Department of PharmacyTraditional Chinese Hospital of Yueyang CityYueyangChina
| | - Mei Peng
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan ProvinceDepartment of PharmacySchool of MedicineHunan Normal UniversityChangshaChina
- Department of PharmacyXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Xiaoping Yang
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan ProvinceDepartment of PharmacySchool of MedicineHunan Normal UniversityChangshaChina
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26
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Li Y, Guo R, Zhang M, Chen P, Li J, Sun Y. Protective effect of emodin on intestinal epithelial tight junction barrier integrity in rats with sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture. Exp Ther Med 2020; 19:3521-3530. [PMID: 32346413 PMCID: PMC7185184 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the protective effects of emodin on intestinal epithelial tight junction (TJ) barrier integrity in cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced septic rats and its possible mechanisms of action. Healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups (n=20 per group): Sham group, CLP group and CLP + emodin group. Animals were sacrificed at 12 and 24 h after the model was established. Abdominal aortic blood and specimens of the ileum were harvested for analysis. The histopathological changes in intestinal mucosa and the ultrastructures of intestinal epithelial cells were investigated using light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The integrity of the intestinal barrier was assessed by examining plasma diamine oxidase (DAO) levels and the ratio of urine lactulose to mannitol (L/M). The levels of the intestinal TJ proteins claudin-3, zonula occludens (ZO)-1 and occludin were detected using immunohistochemistry, western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. The results showed that the pathological damage to intestinal mucosa and the intestinal tissue injury score in the CLP + emodin group were significantly reduced compared to those of the CLP group, and the differences were more obvious at 24 h compared with 12 h. DAO activity and the L/M ratio in the emodin pre-treatment group decreased significantly at 24 h compared with the CLP groups. The protein and mRNA levels of the TJ proteins claudin-3, ZO-1 and occludin in the emodin pre-treatment groups at 12 and 24 h were increased, while occludin mRNA level was found to be decreased compared with the CLP groups. The present study suggested that emodin may significantly reduce the damage to the intestinal epithelial barrier in sepsis, inhibit intestinal barrier permeability and protect intestinal barrier integrity. Emodin may protect intestinal barrier integrity by elevating expression levels of the TJ proteins claudin-3, ZO-1 and occludin in CLP rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Li
- Department of Emergency, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Ruimin Guo
- Department of Emergency, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Mengying Zhang
- Department of Emergency, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Emergency, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Jingxin Li
- Department of Emergency, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Yanni Sun
- Department of Emergency, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China.,Department of Emergency, Shanghai Putuo Central School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
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27
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Luo L, Liu Y, Cai X, Wang Y, Xue J, Zhang J, Yang F. Bletilla striata polysaccharides ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced injury in intestinal epithelial cells. Saudi J Gastroenterol 2019; 25:302-308. [PMID: 31044747 PMCID: PMC6784437 DOI: 10.4103/sjg.sjg_520_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS This study was carried out to investigate the effect of Bletilla striata polysaccharide (BSP) treating on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced intestinal epithelial barrier disruption in rat intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) line. MATERIALS AND METHODS LPS was used to stimulate the IEC-18 cells (1 μg/ml), with or without different concentrations of BSP (25, 50 and 100 μg/ml) for 24 h. Transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) was measured to detect the permeability of cells. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the cell supernatant were detected with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was employed to detect the mRNA levels of zonulae occludens (ZO)-1 and occludin. Western blot and immunofluorescence analysis were used for analyzing the expression level and the distribution patterns of ZO-1 and occludin protein. RESULTS After treatment with BSP, the IL-6 and TNF-α levels in the cell supernatant were significantly decreased compared with the experiment group (P < 0.05 or 0.01). The permeability of IEC was decreased in BSP groups when compared with the experiment group (P < 0.05 or 0.01). In addition, compared with the experiment group, treatment with BSP up-regulated mRNA and protein expression levels of ZO-1 and occludin, and kept the ZO-1 and occludin protein intact in IEC-18 cells injured with LPS (P < 0.05 or 0.01). CONCLUSION BSP has the capacity to protect IEC-18 cells from LPS-induced injury. The mechanisms may be associated with decreasing the inflammatory cytokine levels of IL-6 and TNF-α, and elevating the expression of ZO-1 and occludin, which might serve as a new protective agent for LPS-induced intestinal epithelial barrier disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, P.R. China
| | - Yuqing Liu
- School of Clinical Medical, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Xin Cai
- School of Clinical Medical, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Juan Xue
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Jingmen City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jingmen, P.R. China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Hepatology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, P.R. China,Address for correspondence: Dr. Fan Yang, Department of Hepatology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, 856 Luoyu Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan - 430074, P.R. China. E-mail:
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28
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Huang D, Wei Y, Zhu J, Wang F. Long non-coding RNA SNHG1 functions as a competitive endogenous RNA to regulate PDCD4 expression by sponging miR-195-5p in hepatocellular carcinoma. Gene 2019; 714:143994. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.143994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Rhein protects against barrier disruption and inhibits inflammation in intestinal epithelial cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 71:321-327. [PMID: 30952096 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Intestinal epithelial barrier and intestinal inflammation play indispensable roles in the development of intestinal diseases. The major aims of the current study were to investigate the potential of rhein, a major flavonoid compound isolated from Rheum rhabarbarum, in the treatment of intestinal diseases and its underlying mechanisms in vitro. METHODS The protective role of rhein on intestinal epithelial barrier was evaluated in a monolayer of IEC-6 cells stimulated by TNF-α, while the anti-inflammatory effects were investigated in an IEC-6 cell model with LPS stimulation. RESULTS Rhein inhibited the increase of phenol red flux and the decrease of TEER, as well as recovered the expression and distribution of ZO-1 and weakened MLC phosphorylation, MLCK expression and NF-κB activation. Meanwhile, LPS-stimulated IL-1β and IL-6 were down-regulated, expression levels of TLR4, NLRP3 and cleaved caspase1 were weakened and NF-κB was inactivated. CONCLUSIONS These results suggested that rhein has potential therapeutic effects against intestinal diseases by maintaining intestinal epithelial barrier and suppressing intestinal inflammation.
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Effect of Puerarin, Baicalin and Berberine Hydrochloride on the Regulation of IPEC-J2 Cells Infected with Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:7438593. [PMID: 30891078 PMCID: PMC6390247 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7438593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Puerarin, baicalin and berberine hydrochloride are the main components of Gegen Qinlian Decoction, which has been used to treat diarrhoea in China for hundreds of years, yet the biological function and molecular mechanism of these components are not clear. To investigate the effects of puerarin, baicalin, and berberine hydrochloride on the regulation of porcine intestinal epithelial cells (IPEC-J2 cells) infected with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC). IPEC-J2 cells were pretreated with puerarin (200 μg/mL), baicalin (1 μg/mL), and berberine hydrochloride (100 μg/mL) at 37°C for 3 h and then coincubated with the F4ac ETEC bacterial strain 200 at 37°C for 3 h. ETEC infection damaged the structure of IPEC-J2 cells, upregulated mucin 4 (P < 0.01) and mucin 13 mRNA (P < 0.05) expression, increased the apoptosis rate (P < 0.05), and promoted inflammatory responses (IL-6 and CXCL-2 mRNA expression) in IPEC-J2 cells by activating the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway. Pretreatment with puerarin, baicalin, and berberine hydrochloride improved the structure and morphology of IPEC-J2 cells and inhibited ETEC adhesion by downregulating specific adhesion molecules. Pretreatment with baicalin decreased the inflammatory response; pretreatment with baicalin and berberine hydrochloride decreased the inflammatory response mediated by the NF-κB signaling pathway. Pretreatment with puerarin, baicalin, and berberine hydrochloride protected IPEC-J2 cells from ETEC infection by inhibiting bacterial adhesion and inflammatory responses.
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Xiang T, Ge S, Wen J, Xie J, Yang L, Wu X, Cheng N. The possible association between AQP9 in the intestinal epithelium and acute liver injury‑induced intestinal epithelium damage. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:4987-4993. [PMID: 30320400 PMCID: PMC6236304 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the expression and function of aquaporin (AQP)9 in the intestinal tract of acute liver injury rat models. A total of 20 Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: Normal control (NC) group and acute liver injury groups (24, 48 and 72 h). Acute liver injury rat models were established using D-amino galactose, and the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin (Tbil) and albumin were determined using an automatic biochemical analyzer. Proteins levels of myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) in rat intestinal mucosa were investigated via immunohistochemistry. Pathological features were observed using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. MLCK, AQP9 and claudin-1 protein expression levels were detected via western blotting. Levels of ALT and AST in acute liver injury rats were revealed to steadily increase between 24 and 48 h time intervals, reaching a peak level at 48 h. Furthermore, TBil levels increased significantly until 72 h. Levels of ALT were revealed to significantly increase until the 48 h time interval, and then steadily decreased until the 72 h time interval. The acute liver injury 72 h group exhibited the greatest levels of MLCK expression among the three acute liver injury groups; however, all three acute liver injury groups exhibited enhanced levels of MLCK expression compared with the NC group. Protein levels of AQP9 and claudin-1 were enhanced in the NC group compared with the three acute liver injury groups. H&E staining demonstrated that terminal ileum mucosal layer tissues obtained from the acute liver injury rats exhibited visible neutrophil infiltration. Furthermore, the results revealed that levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10 serum cytokines were significantly increased in the acute liver injury groups. In addition, AQP9 protein expression was suppressed in acute liver injury rats, which induced pathological alterations in terminal ileum tissues may be associated with changes of claudin-1 and MLCK protein levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxin Xiang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Shanfei Ge
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Jiangxiong Wen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Junfeng Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, the People's Hospital of Ganzhou City, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, P.R. China
| | - Lixia Yang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoping Wu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Na Cheng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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Wu SC, Chu XL, Su JQ, Cui ZQ, Zhang LY, Yu ZJ, Wu ZM, Cai ML, Li HX, Zhang ZJ. Baicalin protects mice against Salmonella typhimurium infection via the modulation of both bacterial virulence and host response. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 48:21-31. [PMID: 30195877 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.04.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The worsening problems of antibiotic resistance prompt the need for alternative strategies. Baicalin, which is isolated from Scutellaria baicalensisi, has been demonstrated to exhibit anti-inflammatory, anti-virulence and antimicrobial effects. Salmonella typhimurium is an important foodborne pathogenic bacteriaum that causes gastrointestinal disease in humans and many animals. PURPOSE The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of baicalin on S. typhimurium infection in mice and its possible mechanism in vitro. STUDY DESIGN To evaluate the effect of baicalin in vivo, mice were orally administered of baicalin, and then were infected by an intragastric administration of S. typhimurium. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of baicalin, baicalein, and oroxylin A against S. typhimurium were detected under the guides of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. In vitro, Caco-2 cells were infected with S. typhimurium in the presence or absence of baicalin, baicalein, and oroxylin A at sub-MICs. METHODS In the in vivo experiment, the body weight loss, the serum levels of TNFα, IL-6, and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), the pathological changes of the caecum and the caecum bacterial burdens were examined. The MICs and MBCs of baicalin, baicalein, and oroxylin A against S. typhimurium were detected by two-fold serial dilutions. In vitro, Caco-2 cells were infected with S. typhimurium, and the invasion capacity, TNFα, nitrate, and LDH were analysed. The transcription levels of Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 virulence associated genes (sopB, sopE, sopE2) of S. typhimurium in the presence of baicalin, baicalein, and oroxylin A were detected by qRT-PCR. RESULTS Our results showed that baicalin significantly decreased the body weight loss, the serum levels of TNFα, IL-6, and LDH, and the caecum bacterial burdens of mice challenged with S. typhimurium. Histological examination showed that baicalin decreased the lesion in the caecum of S. typhimurium-infected mice. MICs and MBCs of baicalin, and oroxylin A. against S. typhimurium were > 128 µg/ml. MICs and MBCs of baicalein against S. typhimurium were 64 µg/ml, and > 128 µg/ml, respectively. Pretreatment of Caco-2 cells or S. typhimurium with baicalin, baicalein, and oroxylin A significantly inhibited the invasion of Caco-2 cells by S. typhimurium in a dose-dependent manner. Sub-MICs of baicalin, baicalein, and oroxylin A also significantly decreased the levels of TNFα, nitrate, and LDH from S. typhimurium-infected Caco-2 cells. Moreover, the transcription levels of sopB, sopE, and sopE2 were significantly suppressed by baicalin, baicalein, and oroxylin A. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrated that baicalin is a promising agent for the prevention of S. typhimurium infection via the modulation of both bacterial virulence and host response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai-Cheng Wu
- Department of Animal Medicine, College of Agriculture and Forestry, Linyi University, No.1, Gong'ye Road, Linyi, Shandong 276000, PR China; College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China.
| | - Xiu-Ling Chu
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Liaocheng University, No. 1, Hu'nan Road, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, PR China
| | - Jian-Qing Su
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Liaocheng University, No. 1, Hu'nan Road, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, PR China
| | - Zhen-Qiang Cui
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, No. 5333, Xi'an Road, Changchun, Jilin 130062, PR China
| | - Li-Yan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, No. 5333, Xi'an Road, Changchun, Jilin 130062, PR China
| | - Zhen-Jiang Yu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, No. 5333, Xi'an Road, Changchun, Jilin 130062, PR China
| | - Zong-Mei Wu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, No. 5333, Xi'an Road, Changchun, Jilin 130062, PR China
| | - Meng-Lu Cai
- Department of Animal Medicine, College of Agriculture and Forestry, Linyi University, No.1, Gong'ye Road, Linyi, Shandong 276000, PR China
| | - Han-Xiao Li
- Department of Animal Medicine, College of Agriculture and Forestry, Linyi University, No.1, Gong'ye Road, Linyi, Shandong 276000, PR China
| | - Zi-Jie Zhang
- Department of Animal Medicine, College of Agriculture and Forestry, Linyi University, No.1, Gong'ye Road, Linyi, Shandong 276000, PR China
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Luo L, Zhou Z, Xue J, Wang Y, Zhang J, Cai X, Liu Y, Yang F. Bletilla striata polysaccharide has a protective effect on intestinal epithelial barrier disruption in TAA-induced cirrhotic rats. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:1715-1722. [PMID: 30186392 PMCID: PMC6122099 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been reported that intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction serves an important role in the development of liver cirrhosis. However, at present there is no satisfactory treatment for intestinal mucosal lesions and ulcers associated with cirrhosis. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of Bletilla striata polysaccharide (BSP) on intestinal epithelial barrier disruption in rats with thioacetamide (TAA)-induced liver cirrhosis. Rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (n=10): BSP low dosage (15 mg/kg), BSP middle dosage (30 mg/kg), BSP high dosage (60 mg/kg), experiment and control groups. All groups except control group were administered with TAA (200 mg/kg/day) to induce liver cirrhosis. Following modeling, rats in the low, middle and high-dose BSP groups received BSP. ELISA kits were used to measure the endotoxin, alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) levels in the portal vein, while interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α expression in the ileal tissue was measured. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blotting were used to detect the expression of zonula occludens (ZO)-1 and occludin mRNA and protein, respectively. Intestinal epithelial tissue pathology was detected using hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. Immunohistochemistry was performed to assess the expression of ZO-1 and occludin in intestinal epithelial tissues. Following treatment with BSP, ALT, AST and endotoxin levels in the portal vein, as well as IL-6 and TNF-α expression in ileal tissues, were significantly decreased compared with model group (P<0.05 or 0.01). Furthermore, BSP treatment upregulated the expression of ZO-1 and occludin mRNA and protein compared with the model group (P<0.05 or 0.01) and cytoplasmic staining for these proteins was increased. The degree of intestinal epithelial tissue pathological damage was significantly reduced in the BSP groups. In conclusion, BSP is able to reduce endotoxin levels, inhibit the inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α and elevate expression of ZO-1 and occludin at tight junctions. Together, these results suggest a novel protective agent for the restoration of intestinal epithelial barrier disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second People's Hospital of Yichang, Yichang, Hubei 443000, P.R. China
| | - Zhang Zhou
- Department of Anesthesia, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Juan Xue
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei 430015, P.R. China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Jingmen City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jingmen, Hubei 448000, P.R. China
| | - Xin Cai
- School of Clinical Medical, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Yuqing Liu
- School of Clinical Medical, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Hepatology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P.R. China
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Fu S, Liu H, Chen X, Qiu Y, Ye C, Liu Y, Wu Z, Guo L, Hou Y, Hu CAA. Baicalin Inhibits Haemophilus Parasuis-Induced High-Mobility Group Box 1 Release during Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19051307. [PMID: 29702580 PMCID: PMC5983759 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19051307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Haemophilus parasuis (H. parasuis) can cause Glässer’s disease in pigs. However, the molecular mechanism of the inflammation response induced by H. parasuis remains unclear. The high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein is related to the pathogenesis of various infectious pathogens, but little is known about whether H. parasuis can induce the release of HMGB1 in piglet peripheral blood monocytes. Baicalin displays important anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial activities. In the present study, we investigated whether H. parasuis can trigger the secretion of HMGB1 in piglet peripheral blood monocytes and the anti-inflammatory effect of baicalin on the production of HMGB1 in peripheral blood monocytes induced by H. parasuis during the inflammation response. In addition, host cell responses stimulated by H. parasuis were determined with RNA-Seq. The RNA-Seq results showed that H. parasuis infection provokes the expression of cytokines and the activation of numerous pathways. In addition, baicalin significantly reduced the release of HMGB1 in peripheral blood monocytes induced by H. parasuis. Taken together, our study showed that H. parasuis can induce the release of HMGB1 and baicalin can inhibit HMGB1 secretion in an H. parasuis-induced peripheral blood monocytes model, which may provide a new strategy for preventing the inflammatory disorders induced by H. parasuis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shulin Fu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China.
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan 430023, China.
| | - Huashan Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China.
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan 430023, China.
| | - Xiao Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China.
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan 430023, China.
| | - Yinsheng Qiu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China.
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan 430023, China.
| | - Chun Ye
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China.
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan 430023, China.
| | - Yu Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China.
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan 430023, China.
| | - Zhongyuan Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China.
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan 430023, China.
| | - Ling Guo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China.
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan 430023, China.
| | - Yongqing Hou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China.
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan 430023, China.
| | - Chien-An Andy Hu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China.
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
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The Protective Mechanism of CAY10683 on Intestinal Mucosal Barrier in Acute Liver Failure through LPS/TLR4/MyD88 Pathway. Mediators Inflamm 2018; 2018:7859601. [PMID: 29725271 PMCID: PMC5872593 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7859601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective mechanism of HDAC2 inhibitor CAY10683 on intestinal mucosal barrier in acute liver failure (ALF). In order to establish ALF-induced intestinal epithelial barrier disruption models, D-galactosamine/LPS and LPS were, respectively, used with rats and NCM460 cell and then administrated with CAY10683. Transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) was measured to detect the permeability of cells. Real-time PCR and Western blotting were employed to detect the key mRNA and protein levels. The intestinal epithelial tissue pathology was detected. After interfering with CAY10683, the mRNA and protein levels of TLR4, MyD88, TRIF, and TRAF6 were decreased compared with model group (P < 0.05), whereas the levels of ZO-1 and occluding were elevated (P < 0.05). The permeability was elevated in CAY10683-interfered groups, when compared with model group (P < 0.05). And the degree of intestinal epithelial tissue pathological damage in CAY10683 group was significantly reduced. Moreover, CAY10683 significantly decreased the TLR4 staining in animal tissue. The HDAC2 inhibitor CAY10683 could promote the damage of intestinal mucosal barrier in ALF through inhibiting LPS/TLR4/MyD88 pathway.
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Shi J, Fu Y, Zhao XH. Effects of Maillard-type caseinate glycation on the preventive action of caseinate digests in acrylamide-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction in IEC-6 cells. RSC Adv 2018; 8:38036-38046. [PMID: 35558620 PMCID: PMC9089819 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra08103d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary acrylamide has attracted widespread concern due to its toxic effects; however, its adverse impact on the intestines is less assessed. Protein glycation of the Maillard-type is widely used for property modification, but its potential effect on preventive efficacy of protein digest against the acrylamide-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction is quite unknown. Caseinate was thus glycated with lactose. Two tryptic digests from the glycated caseinate and untreated caseinate (namely GCN digest and CN digest) were then assessed for their protective effects against acrylamide-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction in the IEC-6 cell model. The results showed that acrylamide at 1.25–10 mmol L−1 dose-dependently had cytotoxic effects on IEC-6 cells, leading to decreased cell viability and increased lactate dehydrogenase release. Acrylamide also brought about barrier dysfunction, including decreased trans-epithelial electrical resistance (TEER) value and increased epithelial permeability. However, the two digests at 12.5–100 μg mL−1 could alleviate this dysfunction via enhancing cell viability by 70.2–83.9%, partly restoring TEER values, and decreasing epithelial permeability from 100% to 76.6–94.1%. The two digests at 25 μg mL−1 strengthened the tight junctions via increasing tight junction proteins ZO-1, occludin, and claudin-1 expression by 11.5–68.6%. However, the results also suggested that the GCN digest always showed lower protective efficacy than the CN digest in the cells. It is concluded that Maillard-type caseinate glycation with lactose endows the resultant tryptic digest with impaired preventive effect against acrylamide-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction, highlighting another adverse effect of the Maillard reaction on food proteins. Glycated caseinate digest of the Maillard-type has lower protective action than caseinate digest against acrylamide-induced barrier dysfunction in IEC-6 cells.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Shi
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science
- Ministry of Education
- Northeast Agricultural University
- Harbin 150030
- PR China
| | - Yu Fu
- Department of Food Science
- Faculty of Science
- University of Copenhagen
- Frederiksberg 1958
- Denmark
| | - Xin-Huai Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science
- Ministry of Education
- Northeast Agricultural University
- Harbin 150030
- PR China
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Hu Y, Lin R, Bian Y, Fan K, Liu Z. Protective Effect of Kushenlu on Lipopolysaccharide-induced Small Intestinal Inflammation in Rats. INT J PHARMACOL 2017. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2017.473.480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Feng XY, Zhang DN, Wang YA, Fan RF, Hong F, Zhang Y, Li Y, Zhu JX. Dopamine enhances duodenal epithelial permeability via the dopamine D 5 receptor in rodent. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2017; 220:113-123. [PMID: 27652590 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIM The intestinal barrier is made up of epithelial cells and intercellular junctional complexes to regulate epithelial ion transport and permeability. Dopamine (DA) is able to promote duodenal epithelial ion transport through D1-like receptors, which includes subtypes of D1 (D1 R) and D5 (D5 R), but whether D1-like receptors influence the duodenal permeability is unclear. METHODS FITC-dextran permeability, short-circuit current (ISC ), Western blot, immunohistochemistry and ELISA were used in human D5 R transgenic mice and hyperendogenous enteric DA (HEnD) rats in this study. RESULTS Dopamine induced a downward deflection in ISC and an increase in FITC-dextran permeability of control rat duodenum, which were inhibited by the D1-like receptor antagonist, SCH-23390. However, DA decreased duodenal transepithelial resistance (TER), an effect also reversed by SCH-23390. A strong immunofluorescence signal for D5 R, but not D1 R, was observed in the duodenum of control rat. In human D5 R knock-in transgenic mice, duodenal mucosa displayed an increased basal ISC with high FITC-dextran permeability and decreased TER with a lowered expression of tight junction proteins, suggesting attenuated duodenal barrier function in these transgenic mice. D5 R knock-down transgenic mice manifested a decreased basal ISC with lowered FITC-dextran permeability. Moreover, an increased FITC-dextran permeability combined with decreased TER and tight junction protein expression in duodenal mucosa were also observed in HEnD rats. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates, for the first time, that DA enhances duodenal permeability of control rat via D5 R, which provides new experimental and theoretical evidence for the influence of DA on duodenal epithelial barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- X.-Y. Feng
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology; School of Basic Medical Science; Capital Medical University; Beijing China
| | - D.-N. Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology; School of Basic Medical Science; Capital Medical University; Beijing China
| | - Y.-A. Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology; School of Basic Medical Science; Capital Medical University; Beijing China
| | - R.-F. Fan
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology; School of Basic Medical Science; Capital Medical University; Beijing China
| | - F. Hong
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology; School of Basic Medical Science; Capital Medical University; Beijing China
| | - Y. Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology; School of Basic Medical Science; Capital Medical University; Beijing China
| | - Y. Li
- Department of Immunology; School of Basic Medical Science; Capital Medical University; Beijing China
| | - J.-X. Zhu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology; School of Basic Medical Science; Capital Medical University; Beijing China
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Zhou Y, Xu X, Yu B, Yu G. Characterization of in vitro effects of microcystin-LR on intestinal epithelial cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2017; 32:1539-1547. [PMID: 27758031 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Revised: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The intestinal epithelium is a single-cell layer that provides an important barrier against natural toxins. Microcystin-LR (MC-LR), a cyclic heptapeptide, is one of the best known toxins able to alter the functions of intestine. This study evaluated the toxic effects and the possible mechanisms of MC-LR on barrier function of the intestinal epithelial cells. Intestinal epithelial cells (IEC-6) were exposed to 0, 6.25, 12.5, 25 and 50 μM MC-LR. Cell viability significantly decreased, while the ratio of apoptotic cells increased after exposure to 12.5μM and higer concentration of MC-LR. As expected, the integrity of a polarized IEC-6 monolayer was affected by MC-LR exposure, as demonstrated by a decrease in the transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) values, becoming most pronounced at 50μM, 24 h. No effects were detected on the protein expression levels of the tight junction protein claudin at 50μM. However, the expression of occludin and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) declined. Furthermore, MC-LR can immigrate into IEC-6 cells. The activity of protein phosphatases 2A (PP2A) decreased from the concentration of 12.5 μM, showing a dose-dependent decline. These results provide new information that strengthens the concept that the intestinal epithelium is important targets for toxic effects of water contaminants like MC-LR. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 32: 1539-1547, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhou
- College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoping Xu
- Zhejiang Prov Ctr Dis Prevent & Control, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310051, China
| | - Beibei Yu
- School of Foreign Languages, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Guang Yu
- College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
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He L, Li H, Huang N, Zhou X, Tian J, Li T, Wu J, Tian Y, Yin Y, Yao K. Alpha-ketoglutarate suppresses the NF-κB-mediated inflammatory pathway and enhances the PXR-regulated detoxification pathway. Oncotarget 2017; 8:102974-102988. [PMID: 29262538 PMCID: PMC5732704 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG) is a critical nutritional factor in the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis. However, the relative mechanism of AKG has not been well understood. It was recently shown that the interaction between nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB)-mediated inflammatory pathway and pregnane X receptor (PXR)-regulated detoxification pathway is a check and balance mechanism for keeping the homeostatic state of the intestine, preventing the onset of intestinal inflammation which may lead to cancer. In the current study we used lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged piglet and intestinal porcine epithelial cells-J2 models to investigate the effects of dietary AKG supplementation on the intestinal immune system and PXR regulated target expression. We found that LPS induced significant activation of the NF-κB-mediated inflammatory pathway with concomitant impairment of intestinal nutrient absorption. AKG administration increased intracellular AKG and its metabolite concentrations and enhanced the mRNA expression of alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase in vivo and in vitro. Thus dietary AKG supplementation reversed the adverse effects induced by LPS. We also found a strong inhibitory effects on the NF-κB-mediated inflammatory pathway, especially, in the AKG-treated intestinal tissues, LPS-induced NF-κB phosphorylation was inhibited and TNF-α was suppressed. Interestingly, AKG has potent effects in regulating the PXR and its downstream targets such as CYP3As and CYP2Bs in vivo and in vitro, although AKG is not a known PXR ligand. One potential mechanism for the up-regulation of the PXR pathway is through the down-regulation of NF-κB pathway which in turn de-represses the PXR-regulated target expression. Taken together, our results suggest that AKG improves intestinal immune system through modulating the interaction between PXR and NF-κB. Our findings have important implications for the prevention and treatment of intestinal inflammatory diseases in neonates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuqin He
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huairou, Beijing 10008, China
| | - Huan Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Niu Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Xihong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China
| | - Junquan Tian
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huairou, Beijing 10008, China
| | - Tiejun Li
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China.,Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Hunan, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Jing Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yanan Tian
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Yulong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China.,Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Hunan, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Kang Yao
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China.,Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Hunan, Changsha 410128, China
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Wang L, Zhang R, Chen J, Wu Q, Kuang Z. Baicalin Protects against TNF-α-Induced Injury by Down-Regulating miR-191a That Targets the Tight Junction Protein ZO-1 in IEC-6 Cells. Biol Pharm Bull 2017; 40:435-443. [PMID: 28111380 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b16-00789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) plays an important role in the developing process of inflammatory bowel disease. Tight junction protein zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), one of epithelial junctional proteins, maintains the permeability of intestinal barrier. The objective of this study was to investigate the mechanism of the protective effect of baicalin on TNF-α-induced injury and ZO-1 expression in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs). We found that baicalin pretreatment significantly improved cell viability and cell migration following TNF-α stimulation. miR-191a inhibitor increased the protective effect of baicalin on cell motility injured by TNF-α. In addition, miR-191a down-regulated the mRNA and protein level of its target gene ZO-1. TNF-α stimulation increased miR-191a expression, leading to the decline of ZO-1 mRNA and protein. Moreover, pretreatment with baicalin reversed TNF-α induced decrease of ZO-1 and increase of miR-191a, miR-191a inhibitor significantly enhanced ZO-1 protein expression restored by baicalin. These results indicate that baicalin exerts a protective effect on IEC-6 (rat small intestinal epithelial cells) cells against TNF-α-induced injury, which is at least partly via inhibiting the expression of miR-191a, thus increasing ZO-1 mRNA and protein levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine
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Ling X, Linglong P, Weixia D, Hong W. Protective Effects of Bifidobacterium on Intestinal Barrier Function in LPS-Induced Enterocyte Barrier Injury of Caco-2 Monolayers and in a Rat NEC Model. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161635. [PMID: 27551722 PMCID: PMC4995054 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Zonulin protein is a newly discovered modulator which modulates the permeability of the intestinal epithelial barrier by disassembling intercellular tight junctions (TJ). Disruption of TJ is associated with neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). It has been shown bifidobacterium could protect the intestinal barrier function and prophylactical administration of bifidobacterium has beneficial effects in NEC patients and animals. However, it is still unknown whether the zonulin is involved in the gut barrier dysfunction of NEC, and the protective mechanisms of bifidobacterium on intestinal barrier function are also not well understood. The present study aims to investigate the effects of bifidobacterium on intestinal barrier function, zonulin regulation, and TJ integrity both in LPS-induced enterocyte barrier injury of Caco-2 monolayers and in a rat NEC model. Our results showed bifidobacterium markedly attenuated the decrease in transepithelial electrical resistance and the increase in paracellular permeability in the Caco-2 monolayers treated with LPS (P < 0.01). Compared with the LPS group, bifidobacterium significantly decreased the production of IL-6 and TNF-α (P < 0.01) and suppressed zonulin release (P < 0.05). In addition, bifidobacterium pretreatment up-regulated occludin, claudin-3 and ZO-1 expression (P < 0.01) and also preserved these proteins localization at TJ compared with the LPS group. In the in vivo study, bifidobacterium decreased the incidence of NEC from 88 to 47% (P < 0.05) and reduced the severity in the NEC model. Increased levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in the ileum of NEC rats were normalized in bifidobacterium treated rats (P < 0.05). Moreover, administration of bifidobacterium attenuated the increase in intestinal permeability (P < 0.01), decreased the levels of serum zonulin (P < 0.05), normalized the expression and localization of TJ proteins in the ileum compared with animals with NEC. We concluded that bifidobacterium may protect against intestinal barrier dysfunction both in vitro and in NEC. This protective effect is associated with inhibition of proinflammatory cytokine secretion, suppression of zonulin protein release and improvement of intestinal TJ integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Ling
- Department of Neonatology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Second People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Peng Linglong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Du Weixia
- Department of Kidney Immunology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Hong
- Department of Neonatology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
- * E-mail:
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Fouad AA, Qutub HO, Jresat I. Dose-dependent protective effect of baicalin against testicular torsion-detorsion in rats. Andrologia 2016; 49. [DOI: 10.1111/and.12580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A. A. Fouad
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; Pharmacology Division; College of Medicine; King Faisal University; Al-Ahsa Saudi Arabia
| | - H. O. Qutub
- Department of Internal Medicine; College of Medicine; King Faisal University; Al-Ahsa Saudi Arabia
| | - I. Jresat
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; Pathology Division; College of Medicine; King Faisal University; Al-Ahsa Saudi Arabia
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Hussain F, Mittal S, Joshee N, Parajuli P. Application of Bioactive Compounds from Scutellaria in Neurologic Disorders. ADVANCES IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2016; 12:79-94. [PMID: 27651249 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-28383-8_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation of the brain is one of the most highly researched yet mysterious areas in modern day neurology. The process of inflammation is a normal mechanism of wound healing that can result from acute injuries such as traumas or can be caused by genetic/environmental factors. After the initial insult, the immune system defenses, specifically microglial cells, are activated in order to combat the infection or injury. However, prolonged or chronic inflammation is often deleterious due mainly to accumulation of free reactive oxygen species (ROS) and other pro-inflammatory cytokines in the brain FADDIN EN.CITE. Plant-derived natural compounds have the potential to ameliorate the causes and symptoms of neuroinflammation, due to their various anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, without completely muting the immune defenses. Scutellaria is a perennial plant in the mint family that has been used to treat diseases in Asia and Eastern Europe throughout history. This chapter reviews the active components of various Scutellaria species and their mechanisms of action to prevent chronic neurologic disorders involving neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhan Hussain
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, and Karmanos Cancer Institute, Lande Research Building, #460, 540 E. Canfield St., Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Sandeep Mittal
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, and Karmanos Cancer Institute, 930 Harper POB, 4100 John R. St, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Nirmal Joshee
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology, Agricultural Research Station, Fort Valley State University, Fort Valley, GA, USA
| | - Prahlad Parajuli
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, and Karmanos Cancer Institute, Lande Research Building, #460, 540 E. Canfield St., Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
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