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Yang C, Yi B, Yang S, Li A, Liu J, Wang J, Liu J, Li Z, Liao Q, Zhang W, Zhang H. VDR restores the expression of PINK1 and BNIP3 in TECs of streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202302474. [PMID: 38697845 PMCID: PMC11066303 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Defective mitophagy in renal tubular epithelial cells is one of the main drivers of renal fibrosis in diabetic kidney disease. Our gene sequencing data showed the expression of PINK1 and BNIP3, two key molecules of mitophagy, was decreased in renal tissues of VDR-knockout mice. Herein, streptozotocin (STZ) was used to induce renal interstitial fibrosis in mice. VDR deficiency exacerbated STZ-induced renal impairment and defective mitophagy. Paricalcitol (pari, a VDR agonist) and the tubular epithelial cell-specific overexpression of VDR restored the expression of PINK1 and BNIP3 in the renal cortex and attenuated STZ-induced kidney fibrosis and mitochondrial dysfunction. In HK-2 cells under high glucose conditions, an increased level of α-SMA, COL1, and FN and a decreased expression of PINK1 and BNIP3 with severe mitochondrial damage were observed, and these alterations could be largely reversed by pari treatment. ChIP-qPCR and luciferase reporter assays showed VDR could positively regulate the transcription of Pink1 and Bnip3 genes. These findings reveal that VDR could restore mitophagy defects and attenuate STZ-induced fibrosis in diabetic mice through regulation of PINK1 and BNIP3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Yang
- https://ror.org/05akvb491 Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Research Center for Critical Kidney Disease in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Bin Yi
- https://ror.org/05akvb491 Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Research Center for Critical Kidney Disease in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Shikun Yang
- https://ror.org/05akvb491 Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Research Center for Critical Kidney Disease in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Aimei Li
- https://ror.org/05akvb491 Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Research Center for Critical Kidney Disease in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Jishi Liu
- https://ror.org/05akvb491 Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Research Center for Critical Kidney Disease in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Jianwen Wang
- https://ror.org/05akvb491 Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Research Center for Critical Kidney Disease in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Jun Liu
- https://ror.org/05akvb491 Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Research Center for Critical Kidney Disease in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Zhi Li
- https://ror.org/05akvb491 Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Research Center for Critical Kidney Disease in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Qin Liao
- https://ror.org/05akvb491 Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- https://ror.org/05akvb491 Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Research Center for Critical Kidney Disease in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- https://ror.org/05akvb491 Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Research Center for Critical Kidney Disease in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
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Slominski RM, Kim TK, Janjetovic Z, Brożyna AA, Podgorska E, Dixon KM, Mason RS, Tuckey RC, Sharma R, Crossman DK, Elmets C, Raman C, Jetten AM, Indra AK, Slominski AT. Malignant Melanoma: An Overview, New Perspectives, and Vitamin D Signaling. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2262. [PMID: 38927967 PMCID: PMC11201527 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16122262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Melanoma, originating through malignant transformation of melanin-producing melanocytes, is a formidable malignancy, characterized by local invasiveness, recurrence, early metastasis, resistance to therapy, and a high mortality rate. This review discusses etiologic and risk factors for melanoma, diagnostic and prognostic tools, including recent advances in molecular biology, omics, and bioinformatics, and provides an overview of its therapy. Since the incidence of melanoma is rising and mortality remains unacceptably high, we discuss its inherent properties, including melanogenesis, that make this disease resilient to treatment and propose to use AI to solve the above complex and multidimensional problems. We provide an overview on vitamin D and its anticancerogenic properties, and report recent advances in this field that can provide solutions for the prevention and/or therapy of melanoma. Experimental papers and clinicopathological studies on the role of vitamin D status and signaling pathways initiated by its active metabolites in melanoma prognosis and therapy are reviewed. We conclude that vitamin D signaling, defined by specific nuclear receptors and selective activation by specific vitamin D hydroxyderivatives, can provide a benefit for new or existing therapeutic approaches. We propose to target vitamin D signaling with the use of computational biology and AI tools to provide a solution to the melanoma problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radomir M. Slominski
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA;
| | - Tae-Kang Kim
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (T.-K.K.); (Z.J.); (E.P.); (C.E.); (C.R.)
| | - Zorica Janjetovic
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (T.-K.K.); (Z.J.); (E.P.); (C.E.); (C.R.)
| | - Anna A. Brożyna
- Department of Human Biology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, Poland;
| | - Ewa Podgorska
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (T.-K.K.); (Z.J.); (E.P.); (C.E.); (C.R.)
| | - Katie M. Dixon
- School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia; (K.M.D.); (R.S.M.)
| | - Rebecca S. Mason
- School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia; (K.M.D.); (R.S.M.)
| | - Robert C. Tuckey
- School of Molecular Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia;
| | - Rahul Sharma
- Department of Biomedical Informatics and Data Science, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA;
| | - David K. Crossman
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA;
| | - Craig Elmets
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (T.-K.K.); (Z.J.); (E.P.); (C.E.); (C.R.)
| | - Chander Raman
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (T.-K.K.); (Z.J.); (E.P.); (C.E.); (C.R.)
| | - Anton M. Jetten
- Cell Biology Section, NIEHS—National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA;
| | - Arup K. Indra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Andrzej T. Slominski
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (T.-K.K.); (Z.J.); (E.P.); (C.E.); (C.R.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Service, Veteran Administration Medical Center, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
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3
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Alliband KH, Parr T, Jethwa PH, Brameld JM. Active vitamin D increases myogenic differentiation in C2C12 cells via a vitamin D response element on the myogenin promoter. Front Physiol 2024; 14:1322677. [PMID: 38264331 PMCID: PMC10804454 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1322677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Skeletal muscle development during embryogenesis depends on proliferation of myoblasts followed by differentiation into myotubes/multinucleated myofibers. Vitamin D (VD) has been shown to affect these processes, but there is conflicting evidence within the current literature on the exact nature of these effects due to a lack of time course data. With 20%-40% of pregnant women worldwide being VD deficient, it is crucial that a clearer understanding of the impact of VD on myogenesis is gained. Methods: A detailed 8-day differentiation time course was used where C2C12 cells were differentiated in control media (2% horse serum) or with different concentrations of active VD, 1,25 (OH)2D3 (10-13 M, 10-11 M, 10-9 M or 10-7 M), and measurements were taken at 6 time points. DNA, creatine kinase and protein assays were carried out as well as quantitative PCR to determine expression of Myf5, MyoD, myogenin, MHC I, and MHC neonatal, MHC embryonic, MHC IIa, MHC IIx, and MHC IIb mRNAs. Transfections were carried out using one vector containing the myogenin promoter and another containing the same promoter with a 3 base mutation within a putative vitamin D response element (VDRE) to determine effects of 1,25 (OH)2D3 on myogenin transcription. Finally, a ChIP assay was performed to determine whether the VD receptor (VDR) binds to the putative VDRE. Results: 1,25(OH)2D3 caused an inhibition of proliferation and an increase in differentiation in C2C12 cells. Myf5, myogenin, MHC I, and MHC neonatal, MHC embryonic, MHC IIa, MHC IIx, and MHC IIb expression were all increased by 1,25(OH)2D3. Myotube size was also increased by VD. When the putative VDRE on the myogenin promoter was mutated, the increase in expression by VD was lost. ChIP analysis revealed that the VDR does bind to the putative VDRE on the myogenin promoter. Conclusion: Active VD directly increases myogenin transcription via a functional VDRE on the myogenin promoter, resulting in increased myogenic differentiation, increased expression of both the early and late MHC isoforms, and also increased myotube size. These results highlight the importance of VD status during pregnancy for normal myogenesis to occur, but further in vivo work is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - John M. Brameld
- Division of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, United Kingdom
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Plantone D, Pardini M, Caneva S, De Stefano N. Is There a Role of Vitamin D in Alzheimer's Disease? CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS DRUG TARGETS 2024; 23:545-553. [PMID: 37246320 DOI: 10.2174/1871527322666230526164421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) represents the most prevalent type of neurodegenerative dementia and the sixth leading cause of death worldwide. The so-called "non-calcemic actions" of vitamin D have been increasingly described, and its insufficiency has already been linked to the onset and progression of the main neurological diseases, including AD. Immune-mediated Aβ plaque's phagocytosis and clearance, immune response, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial function are all influenced by vitamin D, and these functions are considered relevant in AD pathogenesis. However, it has been shown that the genomic vitamin D signaling pathway is already impaired in the AD brain, making things more complicated. In this paper, we aim to summarise the role of vitamin D in AD and review the results of the supplementation trials in AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Plantone
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Matteo Pardini
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Stefano Caneva
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Nicola De Stefano
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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Zheng M, Li H, Gao Y, Brigstock DR, Gao R. Vitamin D 3 analogue calcipotriol inhibits the profibrotic effects of transforming growth factor- β1 on pancreatic stellate cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 957:176000. [PMID: 37604222 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the inhibitory effect of vitamin D3 analogue calcipotriol (Cal) on the fibrosis of pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) induced by TGF-β1 and the rationality of Cal use in alcoholic chronic pancreatitis (ACP). MATERIAL AND METHODS Double-labeling immunofluorescence was used for the identification of VDR+PSCs in the pancreas of healthy controls (HC) and ACP patients. Van Gieson staining for examination of collagen fibers. RT-qPCR and Western Blot for determining the mRNAs and proteins of VDR, TGF-β1 and COL1A1 in the pancreas of ACP or in vitro PSCs. ELISA or LC-MS/MS for detection of serum TGF-β1 and COL1A1 or 25(OH)D3. The PSC line (RP-2 cell) was used for the determination of proteomic alterations in Cal plus TGF-β1 versus TGF-β1 and to examine the effect of VDR gene knockdown. RESULTS Enhanced expression of VDR was detected in RP-2 cells stimulated with alcohol (ALC) plus Cal versus Cal alone and in PSCs in the pancreas of ACP versus HC. The increased VDR+PSCs were positively correlated with the levels of COL1A1 mRNAs or areas of collagen deposition in the pancreas of ACP. TGF-β1 was overexpressed in the pancreas of ACP and ALC-treated RP-2 cells while 25(OH)D3 level in serum was significantly decreased in ACP versus HC. Through a VDR-dependent mechanism, Cal antagonized 16 profibrotic proteins in TGF-β1-induced RP-2 cells that included 7 extracellular matrix components, 2 cytoskeletal proteins, 2 fibrosis-associated factors (RUNX1 and TRAF2), TIMP-1, CCN1, integrin α11, an adhesion scaffold protein (TGFB1i1) and an enzyme mediating TGF-β1-induced fibrogenesis (ENPP1). CONCLUSION This study suggests that Cal administration may be a potential antifibrotic strategy via inhibiting TGF-β1-mediated PSC action during the development of ACP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meifang Zheng
- Department of Hepatic Biliary Pancreatic Medicine, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongyan Li
- Department of Hepatic Biliary Pancreatic Medicine, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yanhang Gao
- Department of Hepatic Biliary Pancreatic Medicine, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - David R Brigstock
- The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Runping Gao
- Department of Hepatic Biliary Pancreatic Medicine, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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6
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Vitamin D in Neurological Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010087. [PMID: 36613531 PMCID: PMC9820561 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D may have multiple effects on the nervous system and its deficiency can represent a possible risk factor for the development of many neurological diseases. Recent studies are also trying to clarify the different effects of vitamin D supplementation over the course of progressive neurological diseases. In this narrative review, we summarise vitamin D chemistry, metabolism, mechanisms of action, and the recommended daily intake. The role of vitamin D on gene transcription and the immune response is also reviewed. Finally, we discuss the scientific evidence that links low 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations to the onset and progression of severe neurological diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, migraine, diabetic neuropathy and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Completed and ongoing clinical trials on vitamin D supplementation in neurological diseases are listed.
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7
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Vitamin D and Its Target Genes. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14071354. [PMID: 35405966 PMCID: PMC9003440 DOI: 10.3390/nu14071354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The vitamin D metabolite 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 is the natural, high-affinity ligand of the transcription factor vitamin D receptor (VDR). In many tissues and cell types, VDR binds in a ligand-dependent fashion to thousands of genomic loci and modulates, via local chromatin changes, the expression of hundreds of primary target genes. Thus, the epigenome and transcriptome of VDR-expressing cells is directly affected by vitamin D. Vitamin D target genes encode for proteins with a large variety of physiological functions, ranging from the control of calcium homeostasis, innate and adaptive immunity, to cellular differentiation. This review will discuss VDR’s binding to genomic DNA, as well as its genome-wide locations and interaction with partner proteins, in the context of chromatin. This information will be integrated into a model of vitamin D signaling, explaining the regulation of vitamin D target genes.
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Vitamin D Immune-Mediated Responses and SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Clinical Implications in COVID-19. IMMUNO 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/immuno2010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Active vitamin D is a true steroid hormone with pleiotropic biological effects that go beyond the classical concept of bone metabolism regulation. In fact, adequate serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (>40 ng/mL) are required to support several biological functions, including the control of innate and adaptive immunity in course of infectious, inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. SARS-CoV-2 is responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic and deficient/insufficient serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D are reported in very large cohorts of patients. Of note, vitamin D is involved in different pathophysiological processes, such as expression of SARS-CoV-2 receptor (ACE2), activation of innate (neutrophils with their extracellular traps, monocytes/macrophages, dendritic cells, natural killer cells) and adaptive (T and B lymphocytes) immune cells and clinical manifestations, such as coagulation/thrombotic disorders and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Randomized clinical trials regarding vitamin D supplementation in COVID-19 patients have shown favorable effects on the control of inflammation markers, arterial oxygen saturation/inspired fraction of oxygen ratio, admission to hospital intensive care units and mortality. A target of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D > 50 ng/mL has been identified as protective for the course of COVID-19, potentially playing an ancillary role in the treatment of the disease.
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Bhutia SK. Vitamin D in autophagy signaling for health and diseases: Insights on potential mechanisms and future perspectives. J Nutr Biochem 2021; 99:108841. [PMID: 34403722 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2021.108841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D regulates the pleiotropic effect to maintain cellular homeostasis and epidemiological evidence establishes an association between vitamin D deficiency and various human diseases. Here, the role of autophagy, the cellular self-degradation process, in vitamin D-dependent function is documented in different cellular settings and discussed the molecular aspects for treating chronic inflammatory, infectious diseases, and cancer. Vitamin D activates autophagy through a genomic and non-genomic signaling pathway to influence a wide variety of physiological functions of different body organs along with bone health and calcium metabolism. Moreover, it induces autophagy as a protective mechanism to inhibit oxidative stress and apoptosis to regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, and immune modulation. Furthermore, vitamin D and its receptor regulate autophagy signaling to control inflammation and host immunity by activating antimicrobial defense mechanisms. Vitamin D has been revealed as a potent anticancer agent and induces autophagy to increase the response to radiation and chemotherapeutic drugs for potential cancer therapy. Increasing vitamin D levels in the human body through timely exposure to sunlight or vitamin D supplements could activate autophagy as part of the homeostasis mechanism to prevent multiple human diseases and aging-associated dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujit Kumar Bhutia
- Cancer and Cell Death Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, 769008, India.
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10
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Zhang J, Feng M, Pan L, Wang F, Wu P, You Y, Hua M, Zhang T, Wang Z, Zong L, Han Y, Guan W. Effects of vitamin D deficiency on the improvement of metabolic disorders in obese mice after vertical sleeve gastrectomy. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6036. [PMID: 33727603 PMCID: PMC7971024 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85531-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) is one of the most commonly performed clinical bariatric surgeries for the remission of obesity and diabetes. Its effects include weight loss, improved insulin resistance, and the improvement of hepatic steatosis. Epidemiologic studies demonstrated that vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is associated with many diseases, including obesity. To explore the role of vitamin D in metabolic disorders for patients with obesity after VSG. We established a murine model of diet-induced obesity + VDD, and we performed VSGs to investigate VDD's effects on the improvement of metabolic disorders present in post-VSG obese mice. We observed that in HFD mice, the concentration of VitD3 is four fold of HFD + VDD one. In the post-VSG obese mice, VDD attenuated the improvements of hepatic steatosis, insulin resistance, intestinal inflammation and permeability, the maintenance of weight loss, the reduction of fat loss, and the restoration of intestinal flora that were weakened. Our results suggest that in post-VSG obese mice, maintaining a normal level of vitamin D plays an important role in maintaining the improvement of metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- grid.428392.60000 0004 1800 1685Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China ,grid.268415.cDepartment of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Min Feng
- grid.428392.60000 0004 1800 1685Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008 China
| | - Lisha Pan
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Center for Growth, Metabolism and Aging, Analytical and Testing Center, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu, 610065 China
| | - Feng Wang
- grid.428392.60000 0004 1800 1685Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China ,grid.428392.60000 0004 1800 1685Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008 China
| | - Pengfei Wu
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Center for Growth, Metabolism and Aging, Analytical and Testing Center, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu, 610065 China
| | - Yang You
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Center for Growth, Metabolism and Aging, Analytical and Testing Center, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu, 610065 China
| | - Meiyun Hua
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Center for Growth, Metabolism and Aging, Analytical and Testing Center, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu, 610065 China
| | - Tianci Zhang
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Center for Growth, Metabolism and Aging, Analytical and Testing Center, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu, 610065 China
| | - Zheng Wang
- grid.268415.cDepartment of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Liang Zong
- grid.254020.10000 0004 1798 4253Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Changzhi People’s Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi China
| | - Yuanping Han
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Center for Growth, Metabolism and Aging, Analytical and Testing Center, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu, 610065 China
| | - Wenxian Guan
- grid.428392.60000 0004 1800 1685Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China ,grid.428392.60000 0004 1800 1685Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008 China
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11
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Saponaro F, Saba A, Zucchi R. An Update on Vitamin D Metabolism. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186573. [PMID: 32911795 PMCID: PMC7554947 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is a steroid hormone classically involved in the calcium metabolism and bone homeostasis. Recently, new and interesting aspects of vitamin D metabolism has been elucidated, namely the special role of the skin, the metabolic control of liver hydroxylase CYP2R1, the specificity of 1α-hydroxylase in different tissues and cell types and the genomic, non-genomic and epigenomic effects of vitamin D receptor, which will be addressed in the present review. Moreover, in the last decades, several extraskeletal effects which can be attributed to vitamin D have been shown. These beneficial effects will be here summarized, focusing on the immune system and cardiovascular system.
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12
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Zhumina AG, Li K, Konovalova AA, Li YA, Ishmuratova MY, Pogossyan GP, Danilenko M. Plasma 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels and VDR Gene Expression in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Leukemia Patients and Healthy Subjects in Central Kazakhstan. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12051229. [PMID: 32357551 PMCID: PMC7281978 DOI: 10.3390/nu12051229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Low blood levels of the vitamin D metabolite 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] have been associated with an increased risk and poorer outcomes of various cancers, including hematological malignancies. The Central Kazakhstan area has a relatively high incidence rate of leukemia. However, the relationship between vitamin D status and leukemia or other types of cancer in Kazakhstan has not yet been addressed. Therefore, in this first pilot single-center study conducted in Central Kazakhstan, we compared plasma levels of 25(OH)D and the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene expression levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with leukemia and demographically matching healthy volunteers. The levels of 25(OH)D in patients were found to be significantly lower (10.8 ± 7.0 ng/mL; n = 31) than in healthy subjects (21.6 ± 7.8 ng/mL; n = 34; p < 0.0001). A similar difference was observed in both younger (<60 years old) and older (>60 years old) participants, though there was no association between 25(OH)D concentration and age within the patient group. In female patients, 25(OH)D levels were significantly lower than in male patients (p = 0.04). No significant seasonal variations of 25(OH)D were observed in either the patient or the control group. VDR gene expression levels appeared to be similar in leukemia patients and healthy subjects, and no correlation between the cellular VDR expression and plasma 25(OH)D concentrations was observed in either group of participants. We did not observe a significant association of 25(OH)D or VDR levels and overall survival of leukemia patients. This observational study conducted for the first time in Kazakhstan supports previous findings demonstrating reduced blood 25(OH)D levels in cancer (leukemia) patients. Larger studies are required to determine whether low 25(OH)D plasma concentrations represent a risk factor for leukemia development and/or progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assel G. Zhumina
- Department of Botany, Academician Y.A. Buketov Karaganda State University, Karaganda 100028, Kazakhstan; (A.G.Z.); (A.A.K.); (M.Y.I.); (G.P.P.)
| | - Konstantin Li
- DNA Diagnostics Laboratory, the Dippner Health Center, Karaganda 100009, Kazakhstan; (K.L.); (Y.A.L.)
| | - Anna A. Konovalova
- Department of Botany, Academician Y.A. Buketov Karaganda State University, Karaganda 100028, Kazakhstan; (A.G.Z.); (A.A.K.); (M.Y.I.); (G.P.P.)
- DNA Diagnostics Laboratory, the Dippner Health Center, Karaganda 100009, Kazakhstan; (K.L.); (Y.A.L.)
| | - Yelena A. Li
- DNA Diagnostics Laboratory, the Dippner Health Center, Karaganda 100009, Kazakhstan; (K.L.); (Y.A.L.)
| | - Margarita Yu. Ishmuratova
- Department of Botany, Academician Y.A. Buketov Karaganda State University, Karaganda 100028, Kazakhstan; (A.G.Z.); (A.A.K.); (M.Y.I.); (G.P.P.)
| | - Gayane P. Pogossyan
- Department of Botany, Academician Y.A. Buketov Karaganda State University, Karaganda 100028, Kazakhstan; (A.G.Z.); (A.A.K.); (M.Y.I.); (G.P.P.)
- DNA Diagnostics Laboratory, the Dippner Health Center, Karaganda 100009, Kazakhstan; (K.L.); (Y.A.L.)
| | - Michael Danilenko
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +972-8647-9969
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Vitamin D as A Protector of Arterial Health: Potential Role in Peripheral Arterial Disease Formation. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20194907. [PMID: 31623356 PMCID: PMC6801787 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerotic occlusive diseases and aneurysms that affect large and medium-sized arteries outside the cardiac and cerebral circulation are collectively known as peripheral arterial disease (PAD). With a rise in the rate of aging population worldwide, the number of people diagnosed with PAD is rapidly increasing. The micronutrient vitamin D is an important steroid hormone that acts on many crucial cellular mechanisms. Experimental studies suggest that optimal levels of vitamin D have beneficial effects on the heart and blood vessels; however, high vitamin D concentrations have been implicated in promoting vascular calcification and arterial stiffness. Observations from various clinical studies shows that deficiency of vitamin D has been associated with a greater risk of PAD. Epidemiological studies have often reported an inverse relation between circulating vitamin D status measured in terms of 25-hydroxivitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and increased cardiovascular disease risk; however, randomized controlled trials did not show a consistent positive effect of vitamin D supplementation on cardiovascular disease risk or events. Even though PAD shares all the major risk factors with cardiovascular diseases, the effect of vitamin D deficiency in PAD is not clear. Current evidence suggests a strong role of vitamin D in promoting genomic and epigenomic changes. This review summarises the current literature that supports the notion that vitamin D deficiency may promote PAD formation. A better understanding of underlying pathological mechanisms will open up new therapeutic possibilities which is the main unmet need in PAD management. Furthermore, epigenetic evidence shows that a more holistic approach towards PAD prevention that incorporates a healthy lifestyle, adequate exercise and optimal nutrition may be more effective in protecting the genome and maintaining a healthy vasculature.
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Wang Q, Zhou X, Jiang J, Zhang P, Xia S, Ding Y, Wang Q. Relationship between serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D
3
levels and severity of chronic periodontitis in type 2 diabetic patients: A cross‐sectional study. J Periodontal Res 2019; 54:671-680. [PMID: 31215652 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University Chengdu China
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Xinyi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University Chengdu China
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Jingjing Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University Chengdu China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, West China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Peng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University Chengdu China
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Sisi Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University Chengdu China
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Yi Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University Chengdu China
- Department of Periodontology, West China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University Chengdu China
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University Chengdu China
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Abstract
![]()
For many individuals,
in particular during winter, supplementation
with the secosteroid vitamin D3 is essential for the prevention
of bone disorders, muscle weakness, autoimmune diseases, and possibly
also different types of cancer. Vitamin D3 acts via its
metabolite 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3]
as potent agonist of the transcription factor vitamin D receptor (VDR).
Thus, vitamin D directly affects chromatin structure and gene regulation
at thousands of genomic loci, i.e., the epigenome and transcriptome
of its target tissues. Modifications of 1,25(OH)2D3 at its
side-chain, A-ring, triene system, or C-ring, alone and in combination,
as well as nonsteroidal mimics provided numerous potent VDR agonists
and some antagonists. The nearly 150 crystal structures of VDR’s
ligand-binding domain with various vitamin D compounds allow a detailed
molecular understanding of their action. This review discusses the
most important vitamin D analogs presented during the past 10 years
and molecular insight derived from new structural information on the
VDR protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A Maestro
- Departamento de Química-CICA , Universidade da Coruña , ES-15071 A Coruña , Spain
| | - Ferdinand Molnár
- School of Science and Technology, Department of Biology , Nazarbayev University , KZ-010000 Astana , Kazakhstan
| | - Carsten Carlberg
- School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine , University of Eastern Finland , FI-70211 Kuopio , Finland
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Benefits of Vitamins in the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:9426867. [PMID: 30915197 PMCID: PMC6402202 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9426867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease in the elderly, which is clinically characterized by bradykinesia, resting tremor, abnormal posture balance, and hypermyotonia. Currently, the pathogenic mechanism of PD remains unclear. Numerous clinical studies as well as animal and cell experiments have found a certain relationship between the vitamin family and PD. The antioxidant properties of vitamins and their biological functions of regulating gene expression may be beneficial for the treatment of PD. Current clinical evidence indicates that proper supplementation of various vitamins can reduce the incidence of PD in the general population and improve the clinical symptoms of patients with PD; nevertheless, the safety of regular vitamin supplements still needs to be highlighted. Vitamin supplementation may be an effective adjuvant treatment for PD. In this review, we summarized the biological correlations between vitamins and PD as well as the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. Additionally, we elaborated the therapeutic potentials of vitamins for PD.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vitamin D deficiency is common, world-wide, but vitamin D repletion throughout life, and into older age, has accepted health benefits for bone. Many mechanisms through which vitamin D also benefits soft tissues are understood, and clinical evidence of such benefits is now accumulating, especially following re-analyses of trial data, which are revealing previously missed health benefits with correction of deficiency. AREAS COVERED The sources of vitamin D, its activation, mechanistic effects; problems of trials of supplementation for reducing health risks, the benefits shown for mortality, cardiovascular disease, infection and cancer; the global problem of vitamin D deficiency; age-related reductions in vitamin D efficacy, and currently recommended intakes. EXPERT COMMENTARY High prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency worldwide have proven ill-effects on health. Governmental efforts to improve population repletion by recommending minimal daily intakes does benefit some but is not effective at the population-level. However, food fortification with vitamin D3, already implemented in some countries, can solve this highly avoidable problem cost-effectively and is probably the best way to abolish vitamin D inadequacy, allowing public health benefits to emerge over time, thereby allowing future research on vitamin D to be directed at emerging issues on vitamin D.
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Sicinska W, Gront D, Sicinski K. Mutation goals in the vitamin D receptor predicted by computational methods. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2018; 183:210-220. [PMID: 29966696 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2018.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism through which nuclear receptors respond differentially to structurally distinct agonists is a poorly understood process. We present a computational method that identifies nuclear receptor amino acids that are likely involved in biological responses triggered by ligand binding. The method involves tracing how structural changes spread from the ligand binding pocket to the sites on the receptor surface, which makes it a good tool for studying allosteric effects. We employ the method to the vitamin D receptor and verify that the identified amino acids are biologically relevant using a broad range of experimental data and a genome browser. We infer that surface vitamin D receptor residues K141, R252, I260, T280, T287 and L417 are likely involved in cell differentiation and antiproliferation, whereas P122, D149, K321, E353 and Q385 are linked to carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanda Sicinska
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Dominik Gront
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kamil Sicinski
- Center for Demography of Health and Aging, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1180 Observatory Drive, Madison, WI 53706, United States
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19
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Moore JR, Hubler SL, Nelson CD, Nashold FE, Spanier JA, Hayes CE. 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D 3 increases the methionine cycle, CD4 + T cell DNA methylation and Helios +Foxp3 + T regulatory cells to reverse autoimmune neurodegenerative disease. J Neuroimmunol 2018; 324:100-114. [PMID: 30267995 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2018.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
We investigated how one calcitriol dose plus vitamin D3 reverses experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a multiple sclerosis model. This protocol rapidly increased CD4+ T cell Ikzf2 transcripts, Helios protein, and CD4+Helios+FoxP3+ T regulatory cells. It also rapidly increased CD4+ T cell Bhmt1 transcripts, betaine:homocysteine methyltransferase-1 (BHMT1) enzyme activity, and global DNA methylation. BHMT1 transmethylates homocysteine to replenish methionine. Targeting the Vdr gene in T cells decreased Ikzf2 and Bhmt1 gene expression, reduced DNA methylation, and elevated systemic homocysteine in mice with EAE. We hypothesize that calcitriol drives a transition from encephalitogenic CD4+ T cell to Treg cell dominance by upregulating Ikzf2 and Bhmt1, recycling homocysteine to methionine, reducing homocysteine toxicity, maintaining DNA methylation, and stabilizing CD4+Helios+FoxP3+Tregulatory cells. Conserved vitamin D-responsive element (VDRE)-type sequences in the Bhmt1 and Ikzf2 promoters, the universal need for methionine in epigenetic regulation, and betaine's protective effects in MTHFR-deficiency suggest similar regulatory mechanisms exist in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerott R Moore
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 433 Babcock Drive, Madison, WI 53706, United States
| | | | - Corwin D Nelson
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States
| | - Faye E Nashold
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 433 Babcock Drive, Madison, WI 53706, United States
| | - Justin A Spanier
- Rheumatic and Autoimmune Diseases, Center for Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States.
| | - Colleen E Hayes
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 433 Babcock Drive, Madison, WI 53706, United States.
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Carlberg C, Seuter S, Nurmi T, Tuomainen TP, Virtanen JK, Neme A. In vivo response of the human epigenome to vitamin D: A Proof-of-principle study. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2018; 180:142-148. [PMID: 29317287 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In vitro cell culture studies showed that the hormonal form of vitamin D3, 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, significantly (p < 0.05) affects the human epigenome at thousands of genomic loci. Phase II of the VitDbol vitamin D intervention trial (NCT02063334) involved a proof-of-principle study of one individual, who was exposed three times every 28 days to an oral bolus (2000 μg) of vitamin D3. Blood samples were taken directly before each supplementation as well as one and two days after, chromatin was isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells without any further in vitro culture and at all nine time points epigenome-wide chromatin accessibility was assessed by applying FAIRE-seq (formaldehyde-assisted isolation of regulatory elements sequencing). The vitamin D3 bolus resulted in an average raise in 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3) serum concentration of 11.9 and 19.4 nM within one and two days, respectively. Consistently accessible chromatin was detected at 5205 genomic loci, the 853 most prominent of which a self-organizing map algorithm classified into early, delayed and non-responding genomic regions: 70 loci showed already after one day and 361 sites after two days significant (p < 0.0001) chromatin opening or closing. Interestingly, more than half of these genomic regions overlap with transcription start sites, but the change of chromatin accessibility at these sites has no direct effect on the transcriptome. Some of the vitamin D responsive chromatin sites cluster at specific loci within the human genome, the most prominent of which is the human leukocyte antigen region in chromosome 6. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that under in vivo conditions a rather minor rise in 25(OH)D3 serum levels is sufficient to result in significant changes at hundreds of sites within the epigenome of human leukocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Carlberg
- School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Sabine Seuter
- School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tarja Nurmi
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tomi-Pekka Tuomainen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jyrki K Virtanen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Antonio Neme
- School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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21
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Association between polymorphisms in vitamin D receptor gene and adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a meta-analysis. EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE EUROPEAN SPINE SOCIETY, THE EUROPEAN SPINAL DEFORMITY SOCIETY, AND THE EUROPEAN SECTION OF THE CERVICAL SPINE RESEARCH SOCIETY 2018; 27:2175-2183. [PMID: 29728923 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-018-5614-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 03/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This meta-analysis was performed to clarify whether the two single nucleotide polymorphisms (ApaI and BsmI) in vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene conferred susceptibility to adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). METHODS A comprehensive literature search in five online databases (PubMed, EMBASE, ISI Web of Science, CNKI, and Wanfang) was performed to identify studies that analyzed the association between VDR gene polymorphisms and risk of AIS. Observational studies met the predetermined inclusion criteria were selected for meta-analysis. The most appropriate genetic model was identified using a genetic model-free approach. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software. RESULTS Five eligible studies were included in this meta-analysis, which involved a total of 717 cases and 554 controls. A statistically significant association was observed between BsmI polymorphism and AIS (OR 1.90, 95% CI 1.32, 2.62). In subgroup analysis by ethnicity, the association between BsmI polymorphism and AIS was significant in Asians (OR 2.06, 95% CI 1.56, 2.73) but not in Caucasians (OR 0.70, 95% CI 0.23, 2.19). However, the ApaI polymorphism was not associated with AIS. Moreover, no evidence of association between BMD and the two VDR gene polymorphisms was detected. CONCLUSIONS Meta-analysis of existing data suggested that BsmI was associated with increased risk of AIS in Asian populations. Nevertheless, further studies with rigorous design and more ethnic groups are encouraged to validate our findings. These slides can be retrieved under Electronic Supplementary Material.
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22
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Brzeminski P, Fabisiak A, Sektas K, Berkowska K, Marcinkowska E, Sicinski RR. Synthesis of 19-norcalcitriol analogs with elongated side chain. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2018; 177:231-234. [PMID: 28823515 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2017.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Pronounced biological potency of 19-norvitamin D compounds as well as interesting biological action of the vitamin D analogs possessing elongated side chains encouraged us to expand the scope of our structure-activity studies to encompass such modifications of the 1α,25-(OH)2D3 (calcitriol) molecule. The aim of our studies was the synthesis of calcitriol analog, designed on the basis of results of molecular modeling and docking experiments, and characterized by a presence of a long, nitrogen-containing substituent attached to carbon 26, and an exomethylene moiety transferred from C-10 to C-2. The convergent synthesis of such 19-norcalcitriol compound, described in this communication, consisted of the preparation and combining four building blocks. The crucial point of the synthesis, coupling of the known A-ring phosphine oxide and the synthesized Grundmann ketone analog, was achieved using Wittig-Horner protocol. It provided the protected analog of 1α,25-dihydroxy-2-methylene-19-norvitamin D3 which was further transformed into the target compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawel Brzeminski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adrian Fabisiak
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Sektas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Klaudia Berkowska
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Marcinkowska
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Rafal R Sicinski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.
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23
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Jamali N, Wang S, Darjatmoko SR, Sorenson CM, Sheibani N. Vitamin D receptor expression is essential during retinal vascular development and attenuation of neovascularization by 1, 25(OH)2D3. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0190131. [PMID: 29272316 PMCID: PMC5741250 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0190131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D provides a significant benefit to human health, and its deficiency has been linked to a variety of diseases including cancer. Vitamin D exhibits anticancer effects perhaps through inhibition of angiogenesis. We previously showed that the active form of vitamin D (1, 25(OH)2D3; calcitriol) is a potent inhibitor of angiogenesis in mouse model of oxygen-induced ischemic retinopathy (OIR). Many of vitamin D's actions are mediated through vitamin D receptor (VDR). However, the role VDR expression plays in vascular development and inhibition of neovascularization by 1, 25(OH)2D3 remains unknown. Here using wild type (Vdr +/+) and Vdr-deficient (Vdr -/-) mice, we determined the impact of Vdr expression on postnatal development of retinal vasculature and retinal neovascularization during OIR. We observed no significant effect on postnatal retinal vascular development in Vdr -/- mice up to postnatal day 21 (P21) compared with Vdr +/+ mice. However, we observed an increase in density of pericytes (PC) and a decrease in density of endothelial cells (EC) in P42 Vdr -/- mice compared with Vdr +/+ mice, resulting in a significant decrease in the EC/PC ratio. Although we observed no significant impact on vessel obliteration and retinal neovascularization in Vdr -/- mice compared with Vdr +/+ mice during OIR, the VDR expression was essential for inhibition of retinal neovascularization by 1, 25(OH)2D3. In addition, the adverse impact of 1, 25(OH)2D3 treatment on the mouse bodyweight was also dependent on VDR expression. Thus, VDR expression plays a significant role during retinal vascular development, especially during maturation of retinal vasculature by promoting PC quiescence and EC survival, and inhibition of ischemia-mediated retinal neovascularization by 1, 25(OH)2D3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasim Jamali
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States of America.,McPherson Eye Research Institute, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Shoujian Wang
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Soesiawati R Darjatmoko
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Christine M Sorenson
- McPherson Eye Research Institute, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States of America.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Nader Sheibani
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States of America.,McPherson Eye Research Institute, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States of America.,Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States of America.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States of America
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24
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Seuter S, Virtanen JK, Nurmi T, Pihlajamäki J, Mursu J, Voutilainen S, Tuomainen TP, Neme A, Carlberg C. Molecular evaluation of vitamin D responsiveness of healthy young adults. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2017; 174:314-321. [PMID: 27282116 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2016.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D3 has via its metabolites 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3) and 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) direct effects on the transcriptome and the epigenome of most human cells. In the VitDbol study we exposed 35 healthy young adults to an oral vitamin D3 dose (2000μg) or placebo and took blood samples directly before the supplementation as well as at days 1, 2 and 30. Within 24h the vitamin D3 intake raised the average serum levels of both 25(OH)D3 and 1,25(OH)2D3 by approximately 20%. However, we observed large inter-individual differences in these serum levels, reflected by the average ratios between 25(OH)D3 and 1,25(OH)2D3 concentrations ranging from 277 to 1365. Interestingly, average serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels increased at day 1 by some 10% but then decreased within the following four weeks to levels 5% below baseline. In peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) that were isolated at the same time points we determined vitamin D-modulated chromatin accessibility by FAIRE-qPCR at selected genomic loci. This method is well suited to evaluate both short-term and long-term in vivo effects of vitamin D on the epigenome of human subjects. The differential vitamin D responsiveness of the VitDbol study participants was determined via individual changes in their PTH levels or chromatin accessibility in relation to alterations in 25(OH)D3 concentrations. This led to the segregation of the subjects into 14 high, 11 mid and 10 low responders. In summary, the vitamin D responsiveness classification provides additional information compared to a vitamin D status assessment based on single 25(OH)D3 serum measurements. The study was registered at Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02063334).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Seuter
- School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jyrki K Virtanen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tarja Nurmi
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jussi Pihlajamäki
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jaakko Mursu
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Sari Voutilainen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tomi-Pekka Tuomainen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Antonio Neme
- School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Carsten Carlberg
- School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
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Slominski AT, Kim TK, Hobrath JV, Oak ASW, Tang EKY, Tieu EW, Li W, Tuckey RC, Jetten AM. Endogenously produced nonclassical vitamin D hydroxy-metabolites act as "biased" agonists on VDR and inverse agonists on RORα and RORγ. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2017; 173:42-56. [PMID: 27693422 PMCID: PMC5373926 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2016.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 09/17/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The classical pathway of vitamin D activation follows the sequence D3→25(OH)D3→1,25(OH)2D3 with the final product acting on the receptor for vitamin D (VDR). An alternative pathway can be started by the action of CYP11A1 on the side chain of D3, primarily producing 20(OH)D3, 22(OH)D3, 20,23(OH)2D3, 20,22(OH)2D3 and 17,20,23(OH)3D3. Some of these metabolites are hydroxylated by CYP27B1 at C1α, by CYP24A1 at C24 and C25, and by CYP27A1 at C25 and C26. The products of these pathways are biologically active. In the epidermis and/or serum or adrenals we detected 20(OH)D3, 22(OH)D3, 20,22(OH)2D3, 20,23(OH)2D3, 17,20,23(OH)3D3, 1,20(OH)2D3, 1,20,23(OH)3D3, 1,20,22(OH)3D3, 20,24(OH)2D3, 1,20,24(OH)3D3, 20,25(OH)2D3, 1,20,25(OH)3D3, 20,26(OH)2D3 and 1,20,26(OH)3D3. 20(OH)D3 and 20,23(OH)2D3 are non-calcemic, while the addition of an OH at C1α confers some calcemic activity. Molecular modeling and functional assays show that the major products of the pathway can act as "biased" agonists for the VDR with high docking scores to the ligand binding domain (LBD), but lower than that of 1,25(OH)2D3. Importantly, cell based functional receptor studies and molecular modeling have identified the novel secosteroids as inverse agonists of both RORα and RORγ receptors. Specifically, they have high docking scores using crystal structures of RORα and RORγ LBDs. Furthermore, 20(OH)D3 and 20,23(OH)2D3 have been tested in a cell model that expresses a Tet-on RORα or RORγ vector and a RORE-LUC reporter (ROR-responsive element), and in a mammalian 2-hybrid model that test interactions between an LBD-interacting LXXLL-peptide and the LBD of RORα/γ. These assays demonstrated that the novel secosteroids have ROR-antagonist activities that were further confirmed by the inhibition of IL17 promoter activity in cells overexpressing RORα/γ. In conclusion, endogenously produced novel D3 hydroxy-derivatives can act both as "biased" agonists of the VDR and/or inverse agonists of RORα/γ. We suggest that the identification of large number of endogenously produced alternative hydroxy-metabolites of D3 that are biologically active, and of possible alternative receptors, may offer an explanation for the pleiotropic and diverse activities of vitamin D, previously assigned solely to 1,25(OH)2D3 and VDR.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cholesterol Side-Chain Cleavage Enzyme/metabolism
- Humans
- Hydroxycholecalciferols/metabolism
- Hydroxycholecalciferols/pharmacology
- Models, Molecular
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 1/agonists
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 1/metabolism
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 3/agonists
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 3/metabolism
- Receptors, Calcitriol/agonists
- Receptors, Calcitriol/metabolism
- Vitamins/metabolism
- Vitamins/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej T Slominski
- Department of Dermatology, USA; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cancer Chemoprevention Program, University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA; Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Service, VA Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, 35249, USA.
| | | | - Judith V Hobrath
- Drug Discovery Unit, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, United Kingdom
| | | | - Edith K Y Tang
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Elaine W Tieu
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Tennessee HSC, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Robert C Tuckey
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Anton M Jetten
- Cell Biology Section, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
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26
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Carlberg C. Molecular endocrinology of vitamin D on the epigenome level. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2017; 453:14-21. [PMID: 28315703 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The molecular endocrinology of vitamin D is based on the facts that i) its metabolite 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) is the high affinity ligand of the nuclear receptor vitamin D receptor (VDR) and ii) the transcription factor VDR is the unique target of 1,25(OH)2D3 in the nucleus. Short-term alterations of the epigenome are primarily changes in the post-translational modification status of nucleosome-forming histone proteins, the consequences of which are i) a local increase or decrease in chromatin accessibility and ii) the activation or repression of gene transcription. Vitamin D has via VDR a direct effect on the expression of several hundred primary target genes implying numerous effects on the epigenome. Next-generation sequencing methods, such as ChIP-seq and FAIRE-seq, were applied to cellular model systems of vitamin D signaling, such as THP-1 human monocytes, and provided data for a chromatin model of vitamin D signaling. Key points of this model are that i) in the absence of ligand VDR binds to a limited number of loci within accessible chromatin, ii) a stimulation with ligand increases the number of DNA-bound VDR molecules, iii) VDR's access to genomic DNA is supported by pioneer factors, such as PU.1 in monocytes, iv) VDR binding leads to local opening of chromatin and v) the binding strength of topologically associating domain anchor forming CCCTC-binding factor sites upstream and downstream of prominent VDR binding sites is changing in response to ligand stimulation. This model provides the present basis of the molecular endocrinology of vitamin D and will be in future refined by the integration of vitamin D-sensitive chromatin markers and other genome-wide data, such as the 1,25(OH)2D3-sensitive binding of co-factors, chromatin modifying enzymes and chromatin remodeling proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Carlberg
- School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, POB 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland.
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27
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van Driel M, van Leeuwen JPTM. Vitamin D endocrinology of bone mineralization. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2017; 453:46-51. [PMID: 28606868 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Revised: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Bone is a dynamic tissue that is strongly influenced by endocrine factors to restore the balance between bone resorption and bone formation. Bone formation involves the mineralization of the extracellular matrix formed by osteoblasts. In this process the role of vitamin D (1α,25(OH)2D3) is both direct and indirect. The direct effects are enabled via the Vitamin D Receptor (VDR); the outcome is dependent on the presence of other factors as well as origin of the osteoblasts, treatment procedures and species differences. Vitamin D stimulates mineralization of human osteoblasts but is often found inhibitory for mineralization of murine osteoblasts. In this review we will overview the current knowledge of the role of the vitamin D endocrine system in controlling the mineralization process in bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjolein van Driel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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28
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Vitamin D signaling and melanoma: role of vitamin D and its receptors in melanoma progression and management. J Transl Med 2017; 97:706-724. [PMID: 28218743 PMCID: PMC5446295 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2017.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultraviolet B (UVB), in addition to having carcinogenic activity, is required for the production of vitamin D3 (D3) in the skin which supplies >90% of the body's requirement. Vitamin D is activated through hydroxylation by 25-hydroxylases (CYP2R1 or CYP27A1) and 1α-hydroxylase (CYP27B1) to produce 1,25(OH)2D3, or through the action of CYP11A1 to produce mono-di- and trihydroxy-D3 products that can be further modified by CYP27B1, CYP27A1, and CYP24A1. The active forms of D3, in addition to regulating calcium metabolism, exert pleiotropic activities, which include anticarcinogenic and anti-melanoma effects in experimental models, with photoprotection against UVB-induced damage. These diverse effects are mediated through an interaction with the vitamin D receptor (VDR) and/or as most recently demonstrated through action on retinoic acid orphan receptors (ROR)α and RORγ. With respect to melanoma, low levels of 25(OH)D are associated with thicker tumors and reduced patient survival. Furthermore, single-nucleotide polymorphisms of VDR and the vitamin D-binding protein (VDP) genes affect melanomagenesis or disease outcome. Clinicopathological analyses have shown positive correlation between low or undetectable expression of VDR and/or CYP27B1 in melanoma with tumor progression and shorter overall (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) times. Paradoxically, this correlation was reversed for CYP24A1 (inactivating 24-hydroxylase), indicating that this enzyme, while inactivating 1,25(OH)2D3, can activate other forms of D3 that are products of the non-canonical pathway initiated by CYP11A1. An inverse correlation has been found between the levels of RORα and RORγ expression and melanoma progression and disease outcome. Therefore, we propose that defects in vitamin D signaling including D3 activation/inactivation, and the expression and activity of the corresponding receptors, affect melanoma progression and the outcome of the disease. The existence of multiple bioactive forms of D3 and alternative receptors affecting the behavior of melanoma should be taken into consideration when applying vitamin D management for melanoma therapy.
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29
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Vojinovic J, Tincani A, Sulli A, Soldano S, Andreoli L, Dall'Ara F, Ionescu R, Pasalic KS, Balcune I, Ferraz-Amaro I, Tlustochowicz M, Butrimiene I, Punceviciene E, Toroptsova N, Grazio S, Morovic-Vergles J, Masaryk P, Otsa K, Bernardes M, Boyadzhieva V, Salaffi F, Cutolo M. European multicentre pilot survey to assess vitamin D status in rheumatoid arthritis patients and early development of a new Patient Reported Outcome questionnaire (D-PRO). Autoimmun Rev 2017; 16:548-554. [PMID: 28279841 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To collect data on vitamin D (25(OH)D) serum levels in a large number of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients from different European countries, to investigate their relation with disease activity, disability, quality of life, and possibly to construct a new Patient Reported Outcome (PRO) questionnaire in order to self-estimate if they are at risk for vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency-related clinical implications (D-PRO). METHODS This was a European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) supported cross-sectional study (project No CLI064) which involved 625 RA patients (mean age 55±11years, mean disease duration 11±9years), 276 age and sex matched healthy subjects, and rheumatologists working in academic institutions or hospital centres, as well as PARE organizations (patient representatives) from 13 European countries. Serum samples for 25(OH)D level measurement were collected during winter time and analyzed in a central laboratory using chemiluminescence immunoassay (DiaSorin). Patient past medical history was recorded. RA patients were provided with three questionnaires: the Rheumatoid Arthritis Impact Diseases score (RAID), the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), and the new D-PRO questionnaire at the time of 25(OH)D serum sampling. D-PRO questionnaire consisted of three domains, Symptom Risk Score (SRS), Habitus Risk Score (HRS) and Global Risk Score (SRS+HRS=GRS), constructed with items possibly related to vitamin D deficiency. D-PRO was correlated with both clinical and PRO scores. DAS28-CRP was also evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed by non parametric tests. RESULTS Mean serum concentration of 25(OH)D in RA patients (17.62±9.76ng/ml) was found significantly lower if compared to the levels obtained in matched controls (18.95±9.45ng/ml) (p=0.01), with statistically significant differences among several European countries. Negative correlations were found between 25(OH)D serum levels and DAS28-CRP (p<0.001), RAID (p=0.05) and HAQ (p=0.04) scores in the RA patients group. Negative correlations were also found in the cohort of enrolled RA patients between 25(OH)D serum concentrations and SRS (p=0.04), HRS (p=0.02) and GRS (p=0.02) domains of the D-PRO questionnaire. CONCLUSIONS This first multicentre European survey add new evidences that vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency is frequent in RA patients with statistically significant differences among several countries. Vitamin D serum concentrations seem to correlate negatively and significantly with the D-PRO Global Risk Score, clinimetric indexes for quality of life, disease activity and disability in present cohort of RA European patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Vojinovic
- Clinical Centre, Medical Faculty, University of Nis, Bul Zorana Djindjica 81 Nis, Serbia.
| | - Angela Tincani
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia and Dpt. of Clinical and Experimental Science, University of Brescia, Italy.
| | - Alberto Sulli
- Research Laboratory and Academic Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, IRCCS San Martino-Clinical, Viale Benedetto VX/6, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Stefano Soldano
- Research Laboratory and Academic Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, IRCCS San Martino-Clinical, Viale Benedetto VX/6, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Laura Andreoli
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia and Dpt. of Clinical and Experimental Science, University of Brescia, Italy
| | - Francesca Dall'Ara
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia and Dpt. of Clinical and Experimental Science, University of Brescia, Italy
| | - Ruxandra Ionescu
- Spitalul Sf. Maria, Clinica Medicina Interna Reumatologie, Bulevard Ion Mihalache 37-39, sector 1, Bucarest, Romania.
| | | | - Inete Balcune
- Division of Rheumatology, Paula Stradina Clinical Hospital, Pilsonu 13, Nr. 26, corpuss 10, LV-1001 Riga, Latvia.
| | - Ivan Ferraz-Amaro
- Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Servicio de Reumatología, Planta 5, Ofra s/n La Cuesta, 38320 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain.
| | | | - Irena Butrimiene
- Clinic of Rheumatology, Orthopedics Traumatology and Plastic Surgery, Vilnius University, Santariskiu Str. 2, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Egle Punceviciene
- Clinic of Rheumatology, Orthopedics Traumatology and Plastic Surgery, Vilnius University, Santariskiu Str. 2, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Natalia Toroptsova
- Scientific Research Institute of Rheumatology "V.A.Nasonova", Kashirskoye shosse 34A, 115522 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Simeon Grazio
- Department of Rheumatology, Sisters of Mercy Clinical Hospital Centre University, Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine Vinogradska 29, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Jadranka Morovic-Vergles
- Department for Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Clinical Hospital Dubrava, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Pavol Masaryk
- National Institute of Rheumatic Diseases, Nábrezie I. Krasku 4, 921 01 Piestany, Slovakia.
| | - Kati Otsa
- Department of Rheumatology, Tallinn Central Hospital, Pärnu mnt 104, 11312 Tallinn, Estonia.
| | - Miguel Bernardes
- Rheumatology Department, São João Hospital Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Rua Dr Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Vladimira Boyadzhieva
- UMHAT "St. Iv. Rilski" Clinic of Rheumatology, Medical University Sofia, Urvich str, fl 1, 1612 Sofia, Bulgaria.
| | - Fausto Salaffi
- Department of Rheumatology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Maurizio Cutolo
- Research Laboratory and Academic Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, IRCCS San Martino-Clinical, Viale Benedetto VX/6, 16132 Genova, Italy.
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30
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Khatun A, Fujimoto M, Kito H, Niwa S, Suzuki T, Ohya S. Down-Regulation of Ca 2+-Activated K⁺ Channel K Ca1.1 in Human Breast Cancer MDA-MB-453 Cells Treated with Vitamin D Receptor Agonists. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17122083. [PMID: 27973439 PMCID: PMC5187883 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17122083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D (VD) reduces the risk of breast cancer and improves disease prognoses. Potential VD analogs are being developed as therapeutic agents for breast cancer treatments. The large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel KCa1.1 regulates intracellular Ca2+ signaling pathways and is associated with high grade tumors and poor prognoses. In the present study, we examined the effects of treatments with VD receptor (VDR) agonists on the expression and activity of KCa1.1 in human breast cancer MDA-MB-453 cells using real-time PCR, Western blotting, flow cytometry, and voltage-sensitive dye imaging. Treatments with VDR agonists for 72 h markedly decreased the expression levels of KCa1.1 transcripts and proteins in MDA-MB-453 cells, resulting in the significant inhibition of depolarization responses induced by paxilline, a specific KCa1.1 blocker. The specific proteasome inhibitor MG132 suppressed VDR agonist-induced decreases in KCa1.1 protein expression. These results suggest that KCa1.1 is a new downstream target of VDR signaling and the down-regulation of KCa1.1 through the transcriptional repression of KCa1.1 and enhancement of KCa1.1 protein degradation contribute, at least partly, to the antiproliferative effects of VDR agonists in breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anowara Khatun
- Department of Pharmacology, Division of Pathological Sciences, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan.
| | - Mayu Fujimoto
- Department of Pharmacology, Division of Pathological Sciences, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan.
| | - Hiroaki Kito
- Department of Pharmacology, Division of Pathological Sciences, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan.
| | - Satomi Niwa
- Department of Pharmacology, Division of Pathological Sciences, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan.
| | - Takayoshi Suzuki
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 403-8334, Japan.
| | - Susumu Ohya
- Department of Pharmacology, Division of Pathological Sciences, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan.
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31
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Neme A, Seuter S, Carlberg C. Vitamin D-dependent chromatin association of CTCF in human monocytes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2016; 1859:1380-1388. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2016.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Revised: 08/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Seuter S, Neme A, Carlberg C. Epigenome-wide effects of vitamin D and their impact on the transcriptome of human monocytes involve CTCF. Nucleic Acids Res 2016; 44:4090-104. [PMID: 26715761 PMCID: PMC4872072 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkv1519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The physiological functions of vitamin D are mediated by its metabolite 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) activating the transcription factor vitamin D receptor (VDR). In THP-1 human monocytes we demonstrated epigenome-wide effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 at 8979 loci with significantly modulated chromatin accessibility. Maximal chromatin opening was observed after 24 h, while after 48 h most sites closed again. The chromatin-organizing protein CTCF bound to 14% of the 1,25(OH)2D3-sensitive chromatin regions. Interestingly, 1,25(OH)2D3 affected the chromatin association of CTCF providing an additional mechanism for the epigenome-wide effects of the VDR ligand. The 1,25(OH)2D3-modulated transcriptome of THP-1 cells comprised 1284 genes, 77.5% of which responded only 24 h after stimulation. During the 1,25(OH)2D3 stimulation time course the proportion of down-regulated genes increased from 0% to 44.9% and the top-ranking physiological function of the respective genes shifted from anti-microbial response to connective tissue disorders. The integration of epigenomic and transcriptomic data identified 165 physiologically important 1,25(OH)2D3 target genes, including HTT and NOD2, whose expression can be predicted primarily from epigenomic data of their genomic loci. Taken together, a large number of 1,25(OH)2D3-triggered epigenome-wide events precede and accompany the transcriptional activation of target genes of the nuclear hormone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Seuter
- School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Antonio Neme
- School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Carsten Carlberg
- School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
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Meeker S, Seamons A, Maggio-Price L, Paik J. Protective links between vitamin D, inflammatory bowel disease and colon cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:933-48. [PMID: 26811638 PMCID: PMC4716046 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i3.933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Revised: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with a wide range of diseases and multiple forms of cancer including breast, colon, and prostate cancers. Relatively recent work has demonstrated vitamin D to be critical in immune function and therefore important in inflammatory diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Because vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency is increasingly prevalent around the world, with an estimated 30%-50% of children and adults at risk for vitamin D deficiency worldwide, it could have a significant impact on IBD. Epidemiologic studies suggest that low serum vitamin D levels are a risk factor for IBD and colon cancer, and vitamin D supplementation is associated with decreased colitis disease activity and/or alleviated symptoms. Patients diagnosed with IBD have a higher incidence of colorectal cancer than the general population, which supports the notion that inflammation plays a key role in cancer development and underscores the importance of understanding how vitamin D influences inflammation and its cancer-promoting effects. In addition to human epidemiological data, studies utilizing mouse models of colitis have shown that vitamin D is beneficial in preventing or ameliorating inflammation and clinical disease. The precise role of vitamin D on colitis is unknown; however, vitamin D regulates immune cell trafficking and differentiation, gut barrier function and antimicrobial peptide synthesis, all of which may be protective from IBD and colon cancer. Here we focus on effects of vitamin D on inflammation and inflammation-associated colon cancer and discuss the potential use of vitamin D for protection and treatment of IBD and colon cancer.
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