1
|
Elbanna R, Osman KA, Salama MS. Biomarkers of oral subacute toxicity of deltamethrin in exposed male Albino rats. Toxicol Ind Health 2023; 39:735-753. [PMID: 37877786 DOI: 10.1177/07482337231209360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Deltamethrin is one of the most effective pyrethroid compounds, widely employed in veterinary medicine, public health, and farming. Deltamethrin-triggered oxidative stress largely causes serious harm to an organism. Acute toxicity of this compound was extensively investigated, while less information is available on its oral sub-acute effects. This study assessed, in the male Albino rats, the effects of oral gavage of either 0.874 mg/kg (0.01 LD50) or 8.740 mg/kg (0.10 LD50) of deltamethrin for successive 14 days to investigate its effects on biomarkers and to detect the tissue injury in rats following subacute deltamethrin treatment. It was found that levels of glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase in the brain, kidney, and liver, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and uric acid in serum, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), white blood cells (WBC)s, eosinophils, and basophils were significantly reduced compared with untreated rats. However, when rats were treated with deltamethrin for successive 14 days, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities in serum and the levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs) in brain, kidney, and liver, red blood cell distribution width (RDW-CV), total protein, monocytes, and basophils and the ratios of neutrophils to lymphocytes, an aggregated marker of systemic inflammation and systemic immune inflammation indexes, significantly increased compared with the control group. Histologic lesions were observed in the liver, kidney, brain, testis, and epidemies in rats exposed to subacute deltamethrin for 14 days, and most tissues of rats treated with 0.10 LD50 of deltamethrin were more affected than those treated with 0.01 LD50. These findings strongly suggest that subacute exposure to deltamethrin caused significant systemic toxicity through oxidative stress resulting in biochemical and histological changes in the studied tissues. These findings highlight the potential harmful effects of deltamethrin and emphasize the importance of understanding the subacute effects of this compound, particularly in the context of veterinary medicine, public health, and farming.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rania Elbanna
- Department of Pesticide Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Khaled A Osman
- Department of Pesticide Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Maher S Salama
- Department of Pesticide Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Abd Elfattah Noaishi M, Abd Elfattah NK, Allah El-Tayeb TA. Comparative Toxicity Study of Novel Light-Activated Insecticide and Deltamethrin in Albino Rats. Pak J Biol Sci 2021; 24:424-433. [PMID: 34486328 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2021.424.433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
<b>Background and Objective:</b> Tri-sodium Copper of chlorophyllins (Agri-Safe) is a novel biocide using recently to control the mosquitoes as a larvicide. Because, the lack of adequate data on the toxicity of this compound, more toxicological studies on this new compound are necessary. Therefore the study aimed to evaluate the adverse effects of this new insecticide and in comparison with the traditional insecticide Deltamethrin (DM). <b>Materials and Methods:</b> Twenty-five adult male rats were randomly divided into five groups. The first group was kept in control. The second and third groups were administered at doses of 0.59 and 0.24 mg kg<sup>1</sup> b.wt., of DM. The fourth and 5th groups were administrated at doses of 250 and 100 mg kg<sup>1</sup> b.wt. of Agri-Safe respectively. The administrations were orally by gavage for 90 consecutive days. The rats were humanly sacrificed and whole blood was collected for hematological parameters and bone marrow was collected for mutagenicity assays. <b>Results:</b> The estimated LD<sub>50</sub> of DM and Agri-Safe were 11.76 and more than 5000 mg kg<sup>1</sup> b.wt., respectively. Both insecticides induced slight hepatotoxicity but not nephrotoxicity. The high and low doses of DM induced prominent oxidative stress while Agri-Safe did not induce oxidative stress. The results of genotoxicity revealed that DM caused greater mutagenic effect at high and low doses, while Agri-Safe induced slight significant genotoxicity at high-dose only. <b>Conclusion:</b> It can be concluded that Deltamethrin (DM) can induce oxidative stress and prominent genotoxicity while tri-sodium copper of chlorophyllins has a low side effect and its effect is due to copper elements.
Collapse
|
3
|
El-Saad AMA, Abdel-Wahab WM. Naringenin Attenuates Toxicity and Oxidative Stress Induced by Lambda-cyhalothrin in Liver of Male Rats. Pak J Biol Sci 2021; 23:510-517. [PMID: 32363836 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2020.510.517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Extensive use of Lambda-cyhalothrin (LTC), a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide, has been associated with serious health problems to the non-target organisms including mammals. The present study investigated the protective effect of naringenin (NGN), an antioxidant flavonoid, against the toxicity induced LTC in the liver of male rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Five groups of rats were assigned as follows; control group, LTC group (6.12 mg kg-1, 1/10 LD50), LTC-NGN group (6.12 mg kg-1 LTC and 50 mg kg-1 NGN), NGN-LTC group (50 mg kg-1 NGN and 6.12 mg kg-1 LTC) and NGN group (50 mg kg-1). Doses were administrated orally for 21 consecutive days. RESULTS Administration of LTC induced liver damage as indicated by the increase in the activities of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase and in the level of total bilirubin in serum. LTC also induced a significant elevation in the levels of serum total lipids, total cholesterol, triglycerides and low-density lipoproteins while high-density lipoproteins decreased. Furthermore, LTC significantly disturbed the oxidant/antioxidant balance in the liver as shown by the elevation in lipid peroxidation, lipid hydroperoxides, protein carbonyl content and conjugated dienes with a concomitant inhibition in the major antioxidants such as reduced glutathione and the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase. Both post-treatment and pre-treatment with NGN significantly modulated the LTC-induced hepatotoxicity and oxidative stress in rat's liver and pretreatment was found to be more effective in improving most of the studied parameters in both serum and liver tissue. CONCLUSION NGN could be used as a safe dietary supplement to protect against the toxicity and oxidative stress associated with the use of LTC.
Collapse
|
4
|
Mohafrash SMM, Hassan EE, El-Shaer NH, Mossa ATH. Detoxification gene expression, genotoxicity, and hepatorenal damage induced by subacute exposure to the new pyrethroid, imiprothrin, in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:10.1007/s11356-021-13044-z. [PMID: 33638779 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13044-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The pyrethroid imiprothrin is widely used worldwide for control of insects in the agriculture and public health sectors. No sufficient information is however available concerning detoxification gene expression, i.e., cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) and metallothionein 1a gene, oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, DNA damage, cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and organ injury induced by imiprothrin in mammals. This study is designed to explain the mechanism of imiprothrin induced detoxification gene expression, DNA damage, cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and organ toxicity in male rats. The benchmark dose (BMD) was calculated to find the best sensitive markers to imiprothrin toxicity. Imiprothrin was injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) into male rats once a day for 5 days with doses of 19, 38, and 75 mg/kg body weight (b.wt.). Imiprothrin caused a significant increase in lipid peroxidation and changes in oxidative stress biomarkers in treated rats. Significant dose-dependent changes in the liver and kidney biomarkers were observed. Histopathological alterations were seen in the liver and kidney tissue of male rats. Imiprothrin also significantly increased chromosomal aberrations (CA) and micronuclei in bone-marrow cells, and induced lipid peroxidation, oxidative stress, cytotoxicity, and liver and kidney dysfunction, and damage. Imiprothrin induced DNA damage and over detoxification gene expression of CYP1A2 and metallothionein 1a gene in hepatocytes of male rats. Imiprothrin thus shows clastogenic and genotoxic potential. The mechanism for hepatorenal toxicity and injury, genotoxicity/cytotoxicity of imiprothrin might be due to enhanced lipid peroxidation, and oxidative stress associated with overproduction of free radicals, especially reactive oxygen species, and an imbalance in redox status. From the BMD models, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total protein, uric acid, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and micronuclei (MPEs) were very sensitive markers to imiprothrin toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samia M M Mohafrash
- Pesticide Chemistry Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El Bohouth Street (former El Tahrir St.), P.O. 12622, Giza, Dokki, Egypt
| | - Entesar E Hassan
- Genetics and Cytology Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El Bohouth Street (former El Tahrir St.), P.O. 12622, Giza, Dokki, Egypt
| | - Nahla H El-Shaer
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Abdel-Tawab H Mossa
- Pesticide Chemistry Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El Bohouth Street (former El Tahrir St.), P.O. 12622, Giza, Dokki, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pinheiro-Sousa DB, da Costa Soares SH, Torres HS, de Jesus WB, de Oliveira SRS, Bastos WR, de Oliveira Ribeiro CA, Carvalho-Neta RNF. Sediment contaminant levels and multibiomarker approach to assess the health of catfish Sciades herzbergii in a harbor from the northern Brazilian Amazon. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 208:111540. [PMID: 33157514 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The current study combined chemical data on trace elements and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) from sediment and used a multibiomarker approach in the catfish Sciades herzbergii to evaluate two different sites in São Marcos Bay, Brazil. Higher diffuse contaminations by trace elements and PAH were detected in the sediment of Porto Grande (PG) harbor than in the Ilha dos Caranguejos (IC) reference area. A multibiomarker was used in catfish to evaluate the bioavailability of PAH in bile and the effects of pollutants in target tissues. The parameters considered were oxidative stress biomarkers (SOD, CAT, GSH, GST and LPO) and histopathological alterations and were compared between two seasons. The biological responses revealed adverse effects on the population, as indicated by the presence of trace elements and PAH as stressors. Principal component analysis (PCA) of the biomarkers corroborated these results and indicated that fish from the PG site during the rainy season in 2019 exhibited many biological effects compared to 2018. Overall, the present study showed that environmental contamination increased over the years and provides information on the contamination of sediments in the São Marcos Bay, Brazil. The results showed that the presence of contaminants was correlated with the health status of the catfish S. herzbergii.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Débora Batista Pinheiro-Sousa
- Coordenação do Curso de Engenharia Ambiental, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, CEP 65800-000 Balsas, MA, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia da Amazônia Legal (REDE BIONORTE), Universidade Estadual do Maranhão, CEP 65055-310 São Luís, MA, Brazil.
| | - Sâmea Heloá da Costa Soares
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Recursos Aquáticos e Pesca (PPGRAP). Universidade Estadual do Maranhão, CEP 65055-970 São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | - Hetty Salvino Torres
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia da Amazônia Legal (REDE BIONORTE), Universidade Estadual do Maranhão, CEP 65055-310 São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | - Wanda Batista de Jesus
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Recursos Aquáticos e Pesca (PPGRAP). Universidade Estadual do Maranhão, CEP 65055-970 São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | - Suelen Rosana Sampaio de Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia da Amazônia Legal (REDE BIONORTE), Universidade Estadual do Maranhão, CEP 65055-310 São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | - Wanderley Rodrigues Bastos
- Laboratório de Biogeoquímica Ambiental WCP, Fundação Universidade Federal de Rondônia, CEP 76801-059 Porto Velho, Rondônia, Brazil
| | - Ciro Alberto de Oliveira Ribeiro
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CEP 81531-990 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ncir M, Ben Ali M, Sellami H, Allagui MS, Lahyani A, Makni Ayadi F, Boudawara T, Allouche N, El Feki A, Saoudi M. Protective effects of Allium sativum essential oil rich in disulfides against deltamethrin induced oxidative stress and hepatotoxicity in rats. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-020-00513-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
7
|
Saoudi M, Slama-Ben Salem RB, Salem MB, Brahmi N, Badraoui R, Nasri M, El Feki A. Beneficial effects of crataegus oxyacantha extract on neurobehavioral deficits and brain tissue damages induced by an insecticide mixture of deltamethrin and chlorpyrifos in adult wistar rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 114:108795. [PMID: 30909143 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Pesticides, such as organophosphorus and pyrethroids, are extensively used in the agrofields which can significantly increase crop productivity. Humans are exposed to pesticides via dermal contact, inhalation and ingestion due to occupational exposure. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the protective role of the aqueous extract of Crataegus oxyacantha during acute exposure of rats to the combination of deltamethrin (DM) and chlorpyrifos (CPF) in rats (DCF). The combination of vitamins C and E (Vit CE) was used as a standard antioxidant. The Crataegus oxyacantha extract revealed the presence of a high level of phenolic compounds identified by HPLC analysis. Male wistar rats were divided into six groups: (I) corn oil, (II) AECO (1 ml/100 g), (III) DCF (DM 5 mg/kg, CPF 1 mg/kg), (IV) AECO + DCF, (V) Vit CE (Vit C 100 mg/kg, Vit E 100 mg/kg), and (VI) Vit CE + DCF. AECO and Vit CE were administered 10 days before the administration of DCF. The findings revealed that the administration of DM and CPF mixture induced a significant decrease in serum AChE and DNA damage, as indicated by brain DNA fragmentation. In addition, behavioral tests by open field and elevated plus maze showed impaired recognition memory. The results showed that AECO or Vit CE alleviated significantly neurobehavioral alterations, reduced lipid peroxidation in brain, and restored the antioxidant parameters (SOD, CAT, GPx and GSH) to normal levels. Furthermore, brain DNA fragmentation and histopathology in DCF treated rats were improved by AECO administration. All results revealed that C. oxyacantha extract, rich in polyphenolic compounds, had potential antioxidant effects on the combination of DM and CPF-induced oxidative brain damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mongi Saoudi
- Animal Ecophysiology Laboratory, Sciences Faculty of Sfax, University of Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Rabeb Ben Slama-Ben Salem
- Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering and Microbiology, National School of Engineering of Sfax, University of Sfax, P.O. 1173, 3038, Sfax, Tunisia
| | | | - Noura Brahmi
- Animal Ecophysiology Laboratory, Sciences Faculty of Sfax, University of Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Riadh Badraoui
- Laboratory of Histo-Embryology and Cytogenetic, Medicine Faculty, University of Sfax, 3029, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Moncef Nasri
- Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering and Microbiology, National School of Engineering of Sfax, University of Sfax, P.O. 1173, 3038, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Abdelfattah El Feki
- Animal Ecophysiology Laboratory, Sciences Faculty of Sfax, University of Sfax, Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lu Q, Sun Y, Ares I, Anadón A, Martínez M, Martínez-Larrañaga MR, Yuan Z, Wang X, Martínez MA. Deltamethrin toxicity: A review of oxidative stress and metabolism. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 170:260-281. [PMID: 30599291 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.12.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Deltamethrin is widely used worldwide due to its valuable insecticidal activity against pests and parasites. Increasing evidence has shown that deltamethrin causes varying degrees of toxicity. Moreover, oxidative stress and metabolism are highly correlated with toxicity. For the first time, this review systematically summarizes the deltamethrin toxicity mechanism from the perspective of oxidative stress, including deltamethrin-mediated oxidative damage, antioxidant status, oxidative signaling pathways and modulatory effects of antagonists, synergists and placebos on oxidative stress. Further, deltamethrin metabolism, including metabolites, metabolic enzymes and pathways and deltamethrin metabolite toxicity are discussed. This review will shed new light on deltamethrin toxicity mechanisms and provide effective strategies to ensure pest control and prevention of human and animal poisoning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qirong Lu
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Yaqi Sun
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Irma Ares
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Arturo Anadón
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Marta Martínez
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María-Rosa Martínez-Larrañaga
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Zonghui Yuan
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.
| | - María-Aránzazu Martínez
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ncir M, Saoudi M, Sellami H, Rahmouni F, Lahyani A, Makni Ayadi F, El Feki A, Allagui MS. In vitro and in vivo studies of Allium sativum extract against deltamethrin-induced oxidative stress in rats brain and kidney. Arch Physiol Biochem 2018; 124:207-217. [PMID: 28920707 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2017.1376335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the in vitro and the in vivo antioxidant capacities of Allium sativum (garlic) extract against deltamethrin-induced oxidative damage in rat's brain and kidney. The in vitro result showed that highest extraction yield was achieved with methanol (20.08%). Among the tested extracts, the methanol extract exhibited the highest total phenolic, flavonoids contents and antioxidant activity. The in vivo results showed that deltamethrin treatment caused an increase of the acetylcholinesterase level (AChE) in brain and plasma, the brain and kidney conjugated dienes and lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels as compared to control group. The antioxidant enzymes results showed that deltamethrin treatment induced a significantly decrease (p < 0.01) in brain and kidney antioxidant enzymes as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) to control group. The co-administration of garlic extract reduced the toxic effects in brain and kidney tissues induced by deltamethrin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Ncir
- a Animal Eco-Physiology Laboratory, Sciences Faculty of Sfax , Université de Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia
| | - Mongi Saoudi
- a Animal Eco-Physiology Laboratory, Sciences Faculty of Sfax , Université de Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia
| | - Hanen Sellami
- b Laboratoire de recherche Toxicologie Microbiologie Environnementale et Santé (LR17ES06), Faculté des Sciences de Sfax , Université de Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia
- c Laboratoire de Traitement et de Valorisation des Rejets Hydriques (LTVRH), Water Researches and Technologies Center (CERTE) , University of Carthage , Nabeul , Tunisia
| | - Fatma Rahmouni
- d Laboratory of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine , University of Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia
| | - Amina Lahyani
- e Biochemistry Laboratory , CHU HabibBourguiba of Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia
| | - Fatma Makni Ayadi
- e Biochemistry Laboratory , CHU HabibBourguiba of Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia
| | - Abdelfattah El Feki
- a Animal Eco-Physiology Laboratory, Sciences Faculty of Sfax , Université de Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Salah Allagui
- a Animal Eco-Physiology Laboratory, Sciences Faculty of Sfax , Université de Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ratn A, Awasthi Y, Kumar M, Singh SK, Tripathi R, Trivedi SP. Phorate induced oxidative stress, DNA damage and differential expression of p53, apaf-1 and cat genes in fish, Channa punctatus (Bloch, 1793). CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 182:382-391. [PMID: 28511133 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Revised: 04/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to assess the in-vivo activities of certain molecular biomarkers under the impact of phorate exposure. Fish, Channa punctatus (35 ± 3.0 g; 14.5 ± 1.0 cm; Actinopterygii) were subjected to semi-static conditions having 5% (0.0375 mg/L for T1 group) and 10% of 96 h-LC50 (0.075 mg/L for T2 group) of phorate exposure for 15 and 30 d. The oxidative stress was assessed in terms of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities. DNA damage was measured as induction of micronuclei (MN) and consequent differential expression of apoptotic genes-tumor suppressor (p53), apoptotic peptidase activating factor-1 (apaf-1) and catalase (cat) in liver and kidney, two major sites of biotransformation in fish, were quantified. Our findings reveal significant (p < 0.001) augmentations in SOD and CAT activities of liver and kidney tissues. MN frequency in erythrocytes of fish also increases significantly (p < 0.05) in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The mRNA level of p53 increased significantly (p < 0.05) in liver at 10% of 96 h-LC50 of phorate exposure after 30 d suggesting generation of stress due to accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Eventually, these findings decipher the dual role of ROS in generating genotoxicity as is evident by micronuclei induction and differential regulation of p53, apaf-1 and cat genes during the phorate induced DNA damage and apoptosis in test fish. The experimental inferences drawn on the basis of activities of aforesaid biomarkers shall be helpful in elucidating the possible causes of apoptosis under stressful conditions. Further, this study finds ample application in biomonitoring of phorate polluted aquatic ecosystem.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arun Ratn
- Environmental Toxicology & Bioremediation Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, India
| | - Yashika Awasthi
- Environmental Toxicology & Bioremediation Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Environmental Toxicology & Bioremediation Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, India
| | - Sunil Kumar Singh
- Parasitology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Renu Tripathi
- Parasitology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Sunil P Trivedi
- Environmental Toxicology & Bioremediation Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, India.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yilmaz M, Rencuzogullari E, Canli M. Investigations on the effects of etoxazole in the liver and kidney of Wistar rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:19635-19639. [PMID: 28681301 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9601-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides are used to protect crops and to eliminate pests, though non-target organisms such as mammals are also affected from their usage. Etoxazole (organoflourine pesticide) is an acaricide used to combat spider mites which are the parasites of various crops. The present study aims to investigate the effects of etoxazole on the level of MDA (malondialdehyde) and activities of CAT (catalase), GPx (glutathione peroxidase), and AChE (acetylcholinesterase) in liver and kidney tissues of Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus var. albinos). Rats received etoxazole intraperitoneally with doses of 2.2, 11, and 22 mg/kg b.w./day for 21 days. Control rats received the same volume of the serum physiologic. Following etoxazole exposures, activities of CAT, GPx, and AChE in the liver and kidney of rats significantly decreased at all doses compared to control group. Oppositely, MDA levels in these tissues increased significantly at all doses following etoxazole exposures. The present study demonstrated that etoxazole, at all doses, had toxic effects in the liver and kidney parameters, suggesting their possible use as effective biomarkers in determining the toxic effects of etoxazole. This may suggest that these biomarkers could also be used as a tool to monitor pesticide-affected areas before severe toxic effects begin in non-target animals and humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Yilmaz
- Faculty of Sciences and Letters, Department of Biology, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Eyyup Rencuzogullari
- Faculty of Sciences and Letters, Department of Biology, Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Canli
- Faculty of Sciences and Letters, Department of Biology, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|