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Hosseinzadeh A, Jamshidi Naeini A, Sheibani M, Gholamine B, Reiter RJ, Mehrzadi S. Melatonin and oral diseases: possible therapeutic roles based on cellular mechanisms. Pharmacol Rep 2024; 76:487-503. [PMID: 38607587 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-024-00593-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Oral diseases, including periodontal disorders, oral cancer, periodontitis, and mucositis are the major challenges for both patients and healthcare providers. These conditions often involve inflammation, oxidative stress, and impaired cellular processes, leading to symptoms ranging from discomfort to severe debilitation. Conventional treatments for such oral diseases exhibit constraints, prompting the investigation of innovative therapeutic approaches. Considering the anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-cancer effects of melatonin, this study was carried out to investigate the potential protective effects of melatonin in mitigating the severity of oral diseases. Studies indicate that melatonin influences the differentiation of periodontal stem cells, inhibits oral cancer progression, reduces inflammation associated with periodontitis, and alleviates the severity of oral mucositis. Melatonin has demonstrated potential efficacy in both preclinical and clinical investigations; however, findings are frequently heterogeneous and contingent upon contextual factors. This review provides a comprehensiveoverview of current state of knowledge in this domain, elucidating the multifaceted role that melatonin may assume in combatingoral diseases. Further research should be directed toward determining the most effective dosing, timing, and administration methods for melatonin-based therapies for oral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Hosseinzadeh
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Jamshidi Naeini
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sheibani
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Babak Gholamine
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Saeed Mehrzadi
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Ashokkumar P, Kuppusamy SK, Chinnasamy R. Effects of melatonin on postoperative pain and sensory recovery following zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures - A randomized controlled trial. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2024; 52:786-791. [PMID: 38609755 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2024.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Posttraumatic and postsurgical sensory disturbance is a known complication of almost all zygomaticomaxillary (ZMC) complex fractures involving the infraorbital nerve, for which few treatments are effective. Our study used neurosensory assessments to evaluate the efficacy of melatonin on pain and nerve healing following ZMC surgery. Sixty-four randomly allocated ZMC fracture patients were prophylactically administered either oral melatonin or an identical placebo for 15 consecutive days. Pre- and postsurgical clinical parameters included subjective pain, numbness, and objective neurosensory function. Melatonin significantly reduced subjective pain perception in the early postoperative days, with a significant difference in VAS scores between the groups from postoperative day 3 (p = 0.048) until day 7 (p = 0.002). The VAS assessment of subjective numbness perception showed significantly lower self-perceived neurosensory disturbance for patients in the interventional group from the first month (p = 0.039) until the third month (p = 0.005). Objective neurosensory assessment using the pinprick test and two-point discrimination showed statistically significant improvement to almost normal sensation by the first month (p = 0.014) to fully normal sensation by the third month (p = 0.001). The study findings suggest that the prophylactic administration of melatonin confers significant clinical benefits in terms of reduced postoperative pain and improved sensory recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavithran Ashokkumar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, 9894339889, India.
| | - Santhosh Kumar Kuppusamy
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, 9894339889, India.
| | - Ravindran Chinnasamy
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, 9894339889, India.
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Xiong Z, Peng G, Deng J, Liu M, Ning X, Zhuang Y, Yang H, Sun H. Therapeutic targets and potential delivery systems of melatonin in osteoarthritis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1331934. [PMID: 38327517 PMCID: PMC10847247 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1331934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a highly prevalent age-related musculoskeletal disorder that typically results in chronic pain and disability. OA is a multifactorial disease, with increased oxidative stress, dysregulated inflammatory response, and impaired matrix metabolism contributing to its onset and progression. The neurohormone melatonin, primarily synthesized by the pineal gland, has emerged as a promising therapeutic agent for OA due to its potential to alleviate inflammation, oxidative stress, and chondrocyte death with minimal adverse effects. The present review provides a comprehensive summary of the current understanding regarding melatonin as a promising pharmaceutical agent for the treatment of OA, along with an exploration of various delivery systems that can be utilized for melatonin administration. These findings may provide novel therapeutic strategies and targets for inhibiting the advancement of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilin Xiong
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Guoxuan Peng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jin Deng
- Department of Emergence Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Miao Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xu Ning
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yong Zhuang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Hua Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Hong Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Emergence Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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Zhang K, Du X, Gao Y, Liu S, Xu Y. Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Treating Alzheimer's Disease: Cell Therapy and Chemical Reagent Pretreatment. J Alzheimers Dis 2023:JAD221253. [PMID: 37125553 DOI: 10.3233/jad-221253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
As the size of the population aged 65 and older continues to grow, the incidence and mortality rates of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are increasing annually. Unfortunately, current treatments only treat symptoms temporarily and do not alter the patients' life expectancy or course of AD. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown a certain therapeutic potential in neurodegenerative diseases including AD due to their neuroinflammatory regulation and neuroprotective effects. However, the low survival and homing rates of MSCs after transplantation seriously affect their therapeutic effectiveness. Therefore, appropriate in vitro preconditioning is necessary to increase the survival and homing rates of MSCs to improve their effectiveness in treating AD. Here we summarize the therapeutic mechanisms of MSCs in AD and the chemical reagents used for the pretreatment of MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/FirstClinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence Assisted Diagnosis and Treatment for Mental Disorder, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xinzhe Du
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/FirstClinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence Assisted Diagnosis and Treatment for Mental Disorder, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yao Gao
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/FirstClinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence Assisted Diagnosis and Treatment for Mental Disorder, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Sha Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/FirstClinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence Assisted Diagnosis and Treatment for Mental Disorder, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, Taiyuan Central Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
- Department of Mental Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
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Shifa ul Haq H, Ashfaq R, Mehmood A, Shahid W, Azam G, Azam M, Tasneem S, Akram SJ, Malik K, Riazuddin S. Priming with caffeic acid enhances the potential and survival ability of human adipose-derived stem cells to counteract hypoxia. Regen Ther 2023; 22:115-127. [PMID: 36751276 PMCID: PMC9883200 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2023.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic effectiveness of stem cells after transplantation is hampered by the hypoxic milieu of chronic wounds. Prior research has established antioxidant priming as a thorough plan to improve stem cell performance. The purpose of this study was to ascertain how caffeic acid (CA) priming affected the ability of human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) to function under hypoxic stress. In order to study the cytoprotective properties of CA, hASCs were primed with CA in CoCl2 hypoxic conditions. Microscopy was used to assess cell morphology, while XTT, Trypan Blue, X-gal, LDH, Live Dead, scratch wound healing, and ROS assays were used to analyze viability, senescence, cell death, proliferation, and reactive oxygen species prevalence in the cells. According to our findings, CA priming enhances hASCs' ability to survive and regenerate in a hypoxic microenvironment more effectively than untreated hASCs. Our in-vitro research suggested that pre-treatment with CA of hASCs could be a unique way to enhance their therapeutic efficacy and ability to survive in hypoxic microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- H.M. Shifa ul Haq
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, 87-West Canal Bank Road, University of Punjab, Lahore, 53700, Pakistan
| | - Ramla Ashfaq
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, 87-West Canal Bank Road, University of Punjab, Lahore, 53700, Pakistan,Genome Editing Lab, Food Biotechnology Research Center, Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (PCSIR) Laboratory Complex, Lahore, 54600, Pakistan
| | - Azra Mehmood
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, 87-West Canal Bank Road, University of Punjab, Lahore, 53700, Pakistan,Corresponding author.
| | - Warda Shahid
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, 87-West Canal Bank Road, University of Punjab, Lahore, 53700, Pakistan
| | - Ghufran Azam
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, 87-West Canal Bank Road, University of Punjab, Lahore, 53700, Pakistan
| | - Maryam Azam
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, 87-West Canal Bank Road, University of Punjab, Lahore, 53700, Pakistan
| | - Saba Tasneem
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, 87-West Canal Bank Road, University of Punjab, Lahore, 53700, Pakistan
| | | | - Kausar Malik
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, 87-West Canal Bank Road, University of Punjab, Lahore, 53700, Pakistan
| | - Sheikh Riazuddin
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, 87-West Canal Bank Road, University of Punjab, Lahore, 53700, Pakistan,Jinnah Burn & Reconstructive Surgery Centre, Allama Iqbal Medical College, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan,Corresponding author. National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, 87-West Canal Bank Road, University of Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
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Andreazzoli F, Bonucci M. Integrative Hematology: State of the Art. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021732. [PMID: 36675247 PMCID: PMC9864076 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood cancers are a group of diseases with thus far frequently poor prognosis. Although many new drugs, including target therapies, have been developed in recent years, there is still a need to expand our therapeutic armamentarium to better deal with these diseases. Integrative hematology was conceived as a discipline that enriches the patient's therapeutic possibilities with the use of supplements, vitamins and a nutritional approach aiming at improving the response to therapies and the clinical outcome. We will analyze the substances that have proved most useful in preclinical and clinical studies in some of the most frequent blood diseases or in those where these studies are more numerous; the importance of the nutritional approach and the role of the intestinal microbiota will also be emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Andreazzoli
- Department of Hematology, Versilia’s Hospital, Viale Aurelia, 335, 55049 Camaiore, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Massimo Bonucci
- Association for Research on Integrative Oncology Therapies (ARTOI), Via Ludovico Micara, 73, 00165 Rome, Italy
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Li Y, Hung SW, Zhang R, Man GCW, Zhang T, Chung JPW, Fang L, Wang CC. Melatonin in Endometriosis: Mechanistic Understanding and Clinical Insight. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14194087. [PMID: 36235740 PMCID: PMC9572886 DOI: 10.3390/nu14194087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is defined as the development of endometrial glands and stroma outside the uterine cavity. Pathophysiology of this disease includes abnormal hormone profiles, cell survival, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, oxidative stress, immunology, and inflammation. Melatonin is a neuroendocrine hormone that is synthesized and released primarily at night from the mammalian pineal gland. Increasing evidence has revealed that melatonin can be synthesized and secreted from multiple extra-pineal tissues where it regulates immune response, inflammation, and angiogenesis locally. Melatonin receptors are expressed in the uterus, and the therapeutic effects of melatonin on endometriosis and other reproductive disorders have been reported. In this review, key information related to the metabolism of melatonin and its biological effects is summarized. Furthermore, the latest in vitro and in vivo findings are highlighted to evaluate the pleiotropic functions of melatonin, as well as to summarize its physiological and pathological effects and treatment potential in endometriosis. Moreover, the pharmacological and therapeutic benefits derived from the administration of exogenous melatonin on reproductive system-related disease are discussed to support the potential of melatonin supplements toward the development of endometriosis. More clinical trials are needed to confirm its therapeutic effects and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Li
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Sze-Wan Hung
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Ruizhe Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Gene Chi-Wai Man
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Jacqueline Pui-Wah Chung
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Lanlan Fang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
- Correspondence: (L.F.); (C.-C.W.); Tel.: +86-371-6691-3635 (L.F.); +852-3505-4267 (C.-C.W.)
| | - Chi-Chiu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Chinese University of Hong Kong-Sichuan University Joint Laboratory in Reproductive Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Correspondence: (L.F.); (C.-C.W.); Tel.: +86-371-6691-3635 (L.F.); +852-3505-4267 (C.-C.W.)
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Effects of EGF and melatonin on gene expression of cumulus cells and further in vitro embryo development in bovines. ZYGOTE 2022; 30:600-610. [DOI: 10.1017/s0967199421000940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Summary
Despite previous research demonstrating the benefits of including growth factors and antioxidants to maturation medium to support embryo production, to date the effect of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and melatonin (Mel) on oocyte competency has not been studied. This study supplemented in vitro maturation (IVM) medium with EGF (10 ng/ml) and Mel (50 ng/ml) alone, or in combination, and evaluated cumulus cell (CC) gene expression and the development and quality of parthenogenetic blastocysts. No differences in CC gene expression levels indicative of developmental potential were found among the treatment groups. Antioxidant gene CuZnSOD was significantly (P < 0.05) decreased in CCs from the Mel group. Moreover, blastocyst rates on day 7 were significantly increased in EGF or Mel (P < 0.05), but not EGF+Mel. Significant decrease (P < 0.05) in GPX1, CuZnSOD, SLC2A1 and HSPA1A (P = 0.07) mRNA levels was observed in blastocysts from the Mel group. OCT4 gene expression was significantly increased (P < 0.05) in EGF+Mel and confirmed using immunofluorescence. Our results indicate that, despite the lack of changes of competence-related genes in CCs, IVM medium supplemented with Mel improved the culture environment sufficiently, resulting in improved blastocysts. Moreover, EGF and Mel combined during maturation increased OCT4 gene and protein expression in blastocysts, indicating its potential for stem cells.
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Shin YY, Seo Y, Oh SJ, Ahn JS, Song MH, Kang MJ, Oh JM, Lee D, Kim YH, Sung ES, Kim HS. Melatonin and verteporfin synergistically suppress the growth and stemness of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma through the regulation of mitochondrial dynamics. J Pineal Res 2022; 72:e12779. [PMID: 34826168 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) has continued to rise for decades. However, drug resistance to chemotherapeutics and relapse, mediated by cancer stem cells (CSCs), remains a significant impediment in clinical oncology to achieve successful treatment. Therefore, we focused on analyzing CSCs in HNSCC and demonstrated the effect of melatonin (Mel) and verteporfin (VP) on SCC-25 cells. HNSCC CSCs were enriched in the reactive oxygen species-low state and in sphere-forming cultures. Combination treatment with Mel and VP decreased HNSCC viability and increased apoptosis without causing significant damage to normal cells. Sphere-forming ability and stem cell population were reduced by co-treatment with Mel and VP, while mitochondrial ROS level was increased by the treatment. Furthermore, the expression of mitophagy markers, parkin and PINK1, was significantly decreased in the co-treated cells. Mel and VP induced mitochondrial depolarization and inhibited mitochondrial function. Parkin/TOM20 was localized near the nucleus and formed clusters of mitochondria in the cells after treatment. Moreover, Mel and VP downregulated the expression of markers involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastasis. The migration capacity of cells was significantly decreased by co-treatment with Mel and VP, accompanied by the down-regulation of MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression. Taken together, these results indicate that co-treatment with Mel and VP induces mitochondrial dysfunction, resulting in the apoptosis of CSCs. Mel and VP could thus be further investigated as potential therapies for HNSCC through their action on CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Young Shin
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Dental and Life Science Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
- Department of Life Science in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
- Education and Research Team for Life Science on Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Yoojin Seo
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Dental and Life Science Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Su-Jeong Oh
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Dental and Life Science Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
- Department of Life Science in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
- Education and Research Team for Life Science on Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Ji-Su Ahn
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Dental and Life Science Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
- Department of Life Science in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
- Education and Research Team for Life Science on Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Min-Hye Song
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Dental and Life Science Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Min-Jung Kang
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Dental and Life Science Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Jung-Min Oh
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Dental and Life Science Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Dongjun Lee
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Yun Hak Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Eui-Suk Sung
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine and Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Hyung-Sik Kim
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Dental and Life Science Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
- Department of Life Science in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
- Education and Research Team for Life Science on Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
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Protective effects of melatonin and L-carnitine against methotrexate-induced toxicity in isolated rat hepatocytes. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2021; 395:87-97. [PMID: 34821957 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-021-02176-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The present study was designed to evaluate the possible protective effects of melatonin (MEL) and/or L-carnitine (L-CAR) against methotrexate (MTX)-induced toxicity in isolated rat hepatocytes. Hepatocytes were prepared using collagenase techniques of perfusion and digestion of rat liver. Trypan blue uptake, as well as, glutathione (GSH), lipid peroxidation (LPO), nitric oxide (NO), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels were measured. Caspase-3 activity was also assessed. Pre-incubation of hepatocytes with MEL (1 mM) and/or L-CAR (10 mM) 30 min prior to intoxication with MTX, significantly protected hepatocytes against toxicity. In addition, LPO, NO, TNF-α levels, and caspase-3 activity were decreased in comparison to the MTX-intoxicated group. Furthermore, the two drugs increased the MTX-depleted GSH level. MEL and L-CAR prevented MTX-induced hepatocytotoxicity, at least partly, by their antioxidative, antiinflammatory, and antiapoptotic effects. Further studies are recommended on the clinical pharmacologic and toxicologic effects of MEL and L-CAR in patients receiving MTX.
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Munmun F, Witt-Enderby PA. Melatonin effects on bone: Implications for use as a therapy for managing bone loss. J Pineal Res 2021; 71:e12749. [PMID: 34085304 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin is the primary circadian output signal from the brain and is mainly synthesized in pinealocytes. The rhythm and secretion of melatonin are under the control of an endogenous oscillator located in the SCN or the master biological clock. Disruptions in circadian rhythms by shift work, aging, or light at night are associated with bone loss and increased fracture risk. Restoration of nocturnal melatonin peaks to normal levels or therapeutic levels through timed melatonin supplementation has been demonstrated to provide bone-protective actions in various models. Melatonin is a unique molecule with diverse molecular actions targeting melatonin receptors located on the plasma membrane or mitochondria or acting independently of receptors through its actions as an antioxidant or free radical scavenger to stimulate osteoblastogenesis, inhibit osteoclastogenesis, and improve bone density. Its additional actions on entraining circadian rhythms and improving quality of life in an aging population coupled with its safety profile make it an ideal therapeutic candidate for protecting against bone loss in susceptible populations. The intent of this review is to provide a focused discussion on bone loss and disorders of the bone as it relates to melatonin and conditions that modify melatonin levels with the hope that future therapies include those that include melatonin and correct those factors that modify melatonin levels like circadian disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahima Munmun
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Paula A Witt-Enderby
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Fröbel J, Landspersky T, Percin G, Schreck C, Rahmig S, Ori A, Nowak D, Essers M, Waskow C, Oostendorp RAJ. The Hematopoietic Bone Marrow Niche Ecosystem. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:705410. [PMID: 34368155 PMCID: PMC8339972 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.705410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The bone marrow (BM) microenvironment, also called the BM niche, is essential for the maintenance of fully functional blood cell formation (hematopoiesis) throughout life. Under physiologic conditions the niche protects hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) from sustained or overstimulation. Acute or chronic stress deregulates hematopoiesis and some of these alterations occur indirectly via the niche. Effects on niche cells include skewing of its cellular composition, specific localization and molecular signals that differentially regulate the function of HSCs and their progeny. Importantly, while acute insults display only transient effects, repeated or chronic insults lead to sustained alterations of the niche, resulting in HSC deregulation. We here describe how changes in BM niche composition (ecosystem) and structure (remodeling) modulate activation of HSCs in situ. Current knowledge has revealed that upon chronic stimulation, BM remodeling is more extensive and otherwise quiescent HSCs may be lost due to diminished cellular maintenance processes, such as autophagy, ER stress response, and DNA repair. Features of aging in the BM ecology may be the consequence of intermittent stress responses, ultimately resulting in the degeneration of the supportive stem cell microenvironment. Both chronic stress and aging impair the functionality of HSCs and increase the overall susceptibility to development of diseases, including malignant transformation. To understand functional degeneration, an important prerequisite is to define distinguishing features of unperturbed niche homeostasis in different settings. A unique setting in this respect is xenotransplantation, in which human cells depend on niche factors produced by other species, some of which we will review. These insights should help to assess deviations from the steady state to actively protect and improve recovery of the niche ecosystem in situ to optimally sustain healthy hematopoiesis in experimental and clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Fröbel
- Immunology of Aging, Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Theresa Landspersky
- School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine III, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Gülce Percin
- Immunology of Aging, Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Christina Schreck
- School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine III, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Susann Rahmig
- Immunology of Aging, Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Alessandro Ori
- Proteomics of Aging, Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Daniel Nowak
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Marieke Essers
- Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM gGmbH), Heidelberg, Germany.,Division Inflammatory Stress in Stem Cells, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Claudia Waskow
- Immunology of Aging, Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany.,Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.,Department of Medicine III, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Robert A J Oostendorp
- School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine III, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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Kynurenine induces an age-related phenotype in bone marrow stromal cells. Mech Ageing Dev 2021; 195:111464. [PMID: 33631183 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2021.111464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Advanced age is one of the important contributing factors for musculoskeletal deterioration. Although the exact mechanism behind this degeneration is unknown, it has been previously established that nutritional signaling plays a vital role in musculoskeletal pathophysiology. Our group established the vital role of the essential amino acid, tryptophan, in aging musculoskeletal health. With advanced age, inflammatory factors activate indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO1) and accumulate excessive intermediate tryptophan metabolites such as Kynurenine (KYN). With age, Kynurenine accumulates and suppresses osteogenic differentiation, impairs autophagy, promotes early senescence, and alters cellular bioenergetics of bone marrow stem cells. Recent studies have shown that Kynurenine negatively impacts bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) and, consequently, promotes bone loss. Overall, understanding the mechanism behind BMSCs losing their ability for osteogenic differentiation can provide insight into the prevention of osteoporosis and the development of targeted therapies. Therefore, in this article, we review Kynurenine and how it plays a vital role in BMSC dysfunction and bone loss with age.
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Melatonin protects rats testes against bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin-induced toxicity via mitigating nitro-oxidative stress and apoptosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 138:111481. [PMID: 33752059 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
There is growing concern that some cytotoxic regimens for cancer adversely affect spermatogenesis and male fertility. Increasing evidence demonstrated that melatonin has beneficial impacts on reproductive processes; however, whether melatonin can protect against bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin (BEP) chemotherapy regimen-induced testicular toxicity, remains obscure. The present study aimed to explore the effect of melatonin on BEP-evoked testicular injury in rats. Adult male Wistar rats (n = 10/group) were intraperitoneally (i.p.) injected with one cycle of 21 days of 0.33 therapeutically relevant dose levels of BEP (.5 mg/kg bleomycin, 5 mg/kg etoposide, and 1 mg/kg cisplatin) with or without melatonin. At the end of the study, sperm parameters, testosterone level, stereology of testes, testicular levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC), the expression of apoptosis-associated genes such as Bcl2, Bax, Caspase-3, p53, and TNF-α (Real-time PCR and Immunohistochemistry) were evaluated. Our findings showed that melatonin restored spermatogenesis by improving sperm count, motility, viability, and morphology. Testosterone level, histopathology, and stereology of testes were significantly improved in melatonin-administrated groups. Furthermore, melatonin recovered the oxidative status of the testes through elevating TAC and ameliorating MDA and NO levels. More importantly, melatonin therapy suppressed BEP-evoked apoptosis by modulating Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase-3, p53, and TNF-α expression in testes. In conclusion, melatonin protects the testes against BEP-induced testicular damage by attenuating nitro-oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation, which provides evidence for melatonin as a possible clinical therapy against BEP-associated gonadotoxicity and male sub/infertility.
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Shahriari M, Mehrzadi S, Naseripour M, Fatemi I, Hosseinzadeh A, Kanavi MR, Ghaznavi H. Beneficial Effects of Melatonin and Atorvastatin on Retinopathy in Streptozocin-induced Diabetic Rats. CURRENT DRUG THERAPY 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1574885514666191204104925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Objective:
The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of Atorvastatin (ATO)
plus Melatonin (MEL) on streptozocin-induced Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) in rats.
Methods:
Diabetes was induced in Wistar rats with an intraperitoneal injection of streptozocin
(50 mg/kg). Animals were randomly assigned to one of the following groups (8 rats/group): Control
group, Diabetic group, Diabetic + MEL group (20 mg/kg/day), Diabetic + ATO group (10
mg/kg/day), Diabetic + MEL + ATO group (as above). Treatments were started one week after
induction of diabetes and continued for 7 weeks. At the end of the experiment, angiography was
performed and the rats were killed and retinas were harvested for pathological and molecular examinations.
Results:
Administration of MEL reduced the fluorescein leakage, MDA and ROS levels compared
to diabetic group. Treatment with ATO only reduced ROS levels compared to diabetic group. In
addition, administration of ATO plus MEL decreased these indices compared to the diabetic and
ATO groups. Histologically, retinal vascular congestion was not observed in the combined ATO
and MEL group as compared to the diabetic, ATO, and MEL groups.
Conclusion:
These data provide evidence for the therapeutic value of MEL in combination with
ATO in clinical practice for prevention of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansoor Shahriari
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Imam Hossein Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Mehrzadi
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masood Naseripour
- Eye Research Center, Rassoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Iman Fatemi
- Research Center for Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Azam Hosseinzadeh
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mozhgan Rezaei Kanavi
- Ocular Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Habib Ghaznavi
- Department of Pharmacology, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
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Morvaridzadeh M, Sadeghi E, Agah S, Nachvak SM, Fazelian S, Moradi F, Persad E, Heshmati J. Effect of melatonin supplementation on oxidative stress parameters: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Pharmacol Res 2020; 161:105210. [PMID: 33007423 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress, defined as an imbalance between pro-oxidants and neutralizing antioxidants within the body, is a growing public health concern. Oxidative stress is involved in the progression of nearly all chronic diseases. Melatonin has been suggested to reduce oxidative stress by its potential radical scavenging properties. OBJECTIVE To determine the efficacy and safety of melatonin as a therapy for the improvement of oxidative stress parameters in randomized controlled trials. METHODS A systematic database search using Scopus, PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science, the Cochrane Controlled Register of Trials and clinicaltrials.gov (https://clinicaltrials.gov) for studies published up to July 2020 was conducted. We included studies which investigated the effect of supplemental melatonin compared to placebo on oxidative stress parameters in unhealthy patients. Quantitative data synthesis was conducted using a random-effects model with standard mean difference (SMD) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI). Cochrane's Q and I2 values were used to evaluate heterogeneity. RESULTS A total of 12 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were eligible. The meta-analysis indicated an association between melatonin intake and a significant increase in total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (SMD: 0.76; 95 % CI: 0.30, 1.21; I2 = 80.1 %), glutathione (GSH) levels (SMD: 0.57; 95 % CI: 0.32, 0.83; I2 = 15.1 %), superoxide dismutase (SOD) (SMD: 1.38; 95 % CI: 0.13, 2.62; I2 = 86.9 %), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) (SMD: 1.36; 95 % CI: 0.46, 2.30; I2 = 89.3 %), glutathione reductase (GR) (SMD: 1.21; 95 % CI: 0.65, 1.77; I2 = 00.0 %) activities, and a significant reduction in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels (SMD: -0.79; 95 % CI: -1.19, -0.39; I2 = 73.1 %). Melatonin intake was not shown to significantly affect nitric oxide (NO) levels (SMD: -0.24; 95 % CI: -0.61, 0.14; I2 = 00.0 %) or catalase (CAT) activity (SMD: -1.38; 95 % CI: -1.42, 4.18; I2 = 96.6 %). CONCLUSION Melatonin intake was shown to have a significant impact on improving Oxidative stress parameters. However, future research through large, well-designed randomized controlled trials are required to determine the effect of melatonin on oxidative stress parameters in different age groups and different disease types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojgan Morvaridzadeh
- Department of Nutritional Science, School of Nutritional Science and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ehsan Sadeghi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Research Institute for Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Shahram Agah
- Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mostafa Nachvak
- Department of Nutritional Science, School of Nutritional Science and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Siavash Fazelian
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Ayatollah Kashani Hospital, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Moradi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Emma Persad
- Department for Evidence-based Medicine and Evaluation, Danube University Krems, Krems, Austria
| | - Javad Heshmati
- Department of Nutritional Science, School of Nutritional Science and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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Pourhanifeh MH, Mehrzadi S, Kamali M, Hosseinzadeh A. Melatonin and gastrointestinal cancers: Current evidence based on underlying signaling pathways. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 886:173471. [PMID: 32877658 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, leading causes of cancer-related deaths, have been serious challenging human diseases up to now. Because of high rates of mortality, late-stage diagnosis, metastasis to distant locations, and low effectiveness and adverse events of routine standard therapies, the quality of life and survival time are low in patients with GI cancers. Hence, many efforts need to be done to explore and find novel efficient treatments. Beneficial effects of melatonin have been reported in a wide variety of human diseases. Melatonin has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticancer effects. Various studies have showed the regulatory effects of melatonin on apoptotsis, autophagy and angiogenesis; these properties result in the inhibition of invasion, migration, and proliferation of GI cancer cells in vivo and in vitro. Together, this review suggests that melatonin in combination with anticancer agents may improve the efficacy of routine medicine and survival rate of patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hossein Pourhanifeh
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Saeed Mehrzadi
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Azam Hosseinzadeh
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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18
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Sirt3 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma cells sensitivity to regorafenib through the acceleration of mitochondrial dysfunction. Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 689:108415. [PMID: 32562663 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Regorafenib, a multiple kinase inhibitor, is recently approved for treatment of patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Previous studies demonstrated that regorafenib was a mitochondrial toxicant, which associated with the impairment of mitochondria. Sirt3 is involved in the regulation of mitochondrial function in cancers. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of Sirt3 involved in the mitochondrial dysfunction which associated with regorafenib treatment in liver cancer cells. We found regorafenib inhibited Sirt3 and p-ERK expression in HCC cells in a dose-dependent manner. Bioinformatics analysis showed that Sirt3 expression was down-regulated in liver cancer tissues and its low expression was correlated with worse overall survival (OS) in liver cancer patients. After transfected with Sirt3 overexpression plasmid, we found that Sirt3 sensitized liver cancer cells to regorafenib and resulted in much more apoptosis with a significant increase of ROS level. However, exogenous antioxidant could not weaken the apoptosis. Mitochondrial membrane potential assay indicated that Sirt3 overexpression accelerated the mitochondrial depolarization process induced by regorafenib and aggravated mitochondrial injury. Cellular oxygen consumption assay showed that mitochondrial dysfunction was caused by the damage of the electron transport chain. The results demonstrated that Sirt3 overexpression promoted the increase of ROS and apoptosis induced by regorafenib through the acceleration of mitochondrial dysfunction by impairing function of the electron transport chain in liver cancer cells. Our studies verified the functional role of Sirt3 in regorafenib treatment and suggested that regorafenib accompanied with Sirt3 activator as a novel treatment strategy for HCC.
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19
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The effects of melatonin prophylaxis on sensory recovery and postoperative pain following orthognathic surgery: a triple-blind randomized controlled trial and biochemical analysis. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2020; 49:446-453. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2019.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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20
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Dalton S, Smith K, Singh K, Kaiser H, Kolhe R, Mondal AK, Khayrullin A, Isales CM, Hamrick MW, Hill WD, Fulzele S. Accumulation of kynurenine elevates oxidative stress and alters microRNA profile in human bone marrow stromal cells. Exp Gerontol 2020; 130:110800. [PMID: 31790802 PMCID: PMC6998036 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2019.110800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Kynurenine, a metabolite of tryptophan breakdown, has been shown to increase with age, and plays a vital role in a number of age-related pathophysiological changes, including bone loss. Accumulation of kynurenine in bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) has been associated with a decrease in cell proliferation and differentiation, though the exact mechanism by which kynurenine mediates these changes is poorly understood. MiRNAs have been shown to regulate BMSC function, and accumulation of kynurenine may alter the miRNA expression profile of BMSCs. The aim of this study was to identify differentially expressed miRNAs in human BMSCs in response to treatment with kynurenine, and correlate miRNAs function in BMSCs biology through bioinformatics analysis. Human BMSCs were cultured and treated with and without kynurenine, and subsequent miRNA isolation was performed. MiRNA array was performed to identify differentially expressed miRNA. Microarray analysis identified 50 up-regulated, and 36 down-regulated miRNAs in kynurenine-treated BMSC cultures. Differentially expressed miRNA included miR-1281, miR-330-3p, let-7f-5p, and miR-493-5p, which are important for BMSC proliferation and differentiation. KEGG analysis found up-regulated miRNA targeting glutathione metabolism, a pathway critical for removing oxidative species. Our data support that the kynurenine dependent degenerative effect is partially due to changes in the miRNA profile of BMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherwood Dalton
- Department of Orthopedics, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States of America
| | - Kathryn Smith
- Department of Orthopedics, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States of America
| | - Kanwar Singh
- Department of Orthopedics, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States of America
| | - Helen Kaiser
- Department of Cell biology and Anatomy, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States of America
| | - Ravindra Kolhe
- Departments of Pathology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States of America
| | - Ashis K Mondal
- Departments of Pathology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States of America
| | - Andrew Khayrullin
- Department of Cell biology and Anatomy, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States of America
| | - Carlos M Isales
- Department of Orthopedics, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States of America; Department of Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States of America; Institute of Healthy Aging, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States of America
| | - Mark W Hamrick
- Department of Orthopedics, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States of America; Department of Cell biology and Anatomy, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States of America; Institute of Healthy Aging, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States of America
| | - William D Hill
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29403, United States of America; Ralph H Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC, 29403, United States of America
| | - Sadanand Fulzele
- Department of Orthopedics, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States of America; Department of Cell biology and Anatomy, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States of America; Institute of Healthy Aging, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States of America.
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Neuroprotective effect of exogenous melatonin on the noradrenergic neurons of adult male rats’ locus coeruleus nucleus following REM sleep deprivation. J Chem Neuroanat 2019; 100:101656. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2019.101656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Golan K, Kollet O, Markus RP, Lapidot T. Daily light and darkness onset and circadian rhythms metabolically synchronize hematopoietic stem cell differentiation and maintenance: The role of bone marrow norepinephrine, tumor necrosis factor, and melatonin cycles. Exp Hematol 2019; 78:1-10. [PMID: 31494174 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2019.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) are essential for daily mature blood cell production, host immunity, and osteoclast-mediated bone turnover. The timing at which stem cells give rise to mature blood and immune cells while maintaining the bone marrow (BM) reservoir of undifferentiated HSPCs and how these opposite tasks are synchronized are poorly understood. Previous studies revealed that daily light onset activates norepinephrine (NE)-induced BM CXCL12 downregulation, followed by CXCR4+ HSPC release to the circulation. Recently, we reported that daily light onset induces transient elevations of BM NE and tumor necrosis factor (TNF), which metabolically program BM HSPC differentiation and recruitment to replenish the blood. In contrast, darkness onset induces lower elevations of BM NE and TNF, activating melatonin production, which metabolically reprograms HSPCs, increasing their short- and long-term repopulation potential, and BM maintenance. How the functions of BM-retained HSPCs are influenced by daily light and darkness cycles and their clinical potential are further discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Golan
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Orit Kollet
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Regina P Markus
- Laboratory of Chronopharmacology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Bioscience, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tsvee Lapidot
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
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Melatonin enhances hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis in human dental pulp cells. J Dent Sci 2019; 14:370-377. [PMID: 31890124 PMCID: PMC6921122 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose Melatonin, at physiological concentrations, was previously found to inhibit proliferation and promote odontogenic differentiation in human dental pulp cells (hDPCs), but its effect on apoptosis is unclear. Our study aimed to investigate the effect of melatonin on the H2O2-mediated viability reduction and apoptosis in hDPCs. Materials and methods hDPCs were treated with H2O2 (0, 250, 500, 1000 μmol/L), melatonin (0, 10−12, 10−10, 10−8 mol/L), and melatonin with H2O2 for 24 h. CCK-8 assays were performed to evaluate cell viability. Apoptosis was measured by DAPI and Annexin V/propidium iodide staining. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured by CellROX® staining and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) was examined by JC-1 staining. Results H2O2 obviously decreased the viability of hDPCs in a concentration-dependent manner and melatonin alone also reduced viability by 16–20%. Melatonin was also found to enhance H2O2-induced toxicity in a concentration-dependent manner, and the highest physiological concentration of melatonin (10−8 mol/L) had the most obvious effect (P < 0.001). Treating H2O2-exposed hDPCs with melatonin significantly increased the ratio of apoptotic cells with condensed and deformed nuclei (P < 0.001), as well as the percentage of Annexin V-positive cells (P < 0.01). Furthermore, melatonin significantly increased intracellular ROS levels and induced the loss of ΔΨm in H2O2-exposed cells (P < 0.05). Conclusion Our results indicate that melatonin, at physiological concentrations, can enhance H2O2-induced apoptosis in hDPCs and increase H2O2-mediated ROS production and ΔΨm loss. Further studies are needed to investigate whether melatonin targets the mitochondrial death pathway during the process.
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N-acetyl-cysteine blunts 6-hydroxydopamine- and l-buthionine-sulfoximine-induced apoptosis in human mesenchymal stromal cells. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 46:4423-4435. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-04897-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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The protective effect of melatonin on the in vitro development of yak embryos against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative injury. ZYGOTE 2019; 27:118-125. [PMID: 31010442 DOI: 10.1017/s0967199418000412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
SummaryMelatonin plays a critical role in several types of cells as an antioxidant to protect intracellular molecules from oxidative stress. The anti-oxidation effect of melatonin in yak embryos is largely unknown. We report that melatonin can protect the development of yak preimplantation embryos against oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Therefore, the quality of blastocysts developed from zygotes exposed to H2O2 was promoted. In addition, we observed that melatonin reduced H2O2-induced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and prevented mitochondrial dysfunction in zygotes. These phenomena revealed the effective antioxidant activity of melatonin to prevent oxidative stress in yak embryos. To determine the underlying mechanism, we further demonstrated that melatonin protected preimplantation embryos from oxidative damage by preserving antioxidative enzymes. Collectively, these results confirmed the anti-oxidation effect of melatonin in yak embryos that significantly improved the quantity and quality of blastocysts in the in vitro production of embryos in yaks.
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Zare H, Shafabakhsh R, Reiter RJ, Asemi Z. Melatonin is a potential inhibitor of ovarian cancer: molecular aspects. J Ovarian Res 2019; 12:26. [PMID: 30914056 PMCID: PMC6434863 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-019-0502-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the most common causes of morbidity related to gynecologic malignancies. Possible risk factors are including hereditary ovarian cancer, obesity, diabetes mellitus, alcohol consumption, aging, and smoking. Various molecular signaling pathways including inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis and angiogenesis are involved in this progression of ovarian cancer. Standard treatments for recently diagnosed patients are Surgery and chemotherapy such as co-treatment with other drugs such that the exploitation of neoadjuvant chemotherapy is expanding. Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxy-tryptamine), an endogenous agent secreted from the pineal gland, has anti-carcinogenic features, such as regulation of estradiol production, cell cycle modulation, stimulation of apoptosis as well as anti-angiogenetic properties, anti-inflammatory activities, significant antioxidant effects and modulation of various immune system cells and cytokines. Multiple studies have shown the significant beneficial roles of melatonin in various types of cancers including ovarian cancer. This paper aims to shed light on the roles of melatonin in ovarian cancer treatment from the standpoint of the molecular aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadis Zare
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I.R, Iran
| | - Rana Shafabakhsh
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I.R, Iran
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science, Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I.R, Iran.
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Melatonin Improves Oocyte Maturation and Mitochondrial Functions by Reducing Bisphenol A-Derived Superoxide in Porcine Oocytes In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113422. [PMID: 30384504 PMCID: PMC6274783 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is synthetic organic compound that exhibits estrogen-like properties and it induces mitochondrial superoxide production. Melatonin (Mela) protects against BPA-mediated cell damage and apoptosis. However, the antioxidative effects of Mela against BPA-induced superoxide production in porcine oocytes are still not known. In this study, we investigated the antioxidative effects of Mela against BPA-derived superoxide on oocyte maturation in pigs. To investigate the effects of the superoxide specific scavenger, Mito-TEMPO, on porcine oocyte maturation in response to BPA exposure apoptosis proteins, we treated the oocytes with Mito-TEMPO (0.1 µM) after pre-treating them with BPA (75 µM) for 22 h. As expected, the reduction in meiotic maturation and cumulus cell expansion of cumulus-oocyte-complexes (COCs) in the BPA (75 µM) treated group was recovered (p < 0.01) by treatment with Mito-TEMPO (0.1 µM). An increase in the levels of mitochondrial apoptotic proteins (AIF, cleaved Cas 3 and cleaved Parp1) in response to BPA-induced damage was also reduced by Mito-TEMPO treatment in porcine COCs. Interestingly, we confirmed the positive effects of Mela with respect to superoxide production upon BPA exposure during oocyte maturation and also confirmed the reduction in mitochondrial apoptosis in Mela (0.1 µM)-treated porcine COCs. These results provide evidence for the first time that antioxidative effects of Mela on BPA-derived superoxide improve porcine oocyte maturation.
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Golan K, Kumari A, Kollet O, Khatib-Massalha E, Subramaniam MD, Ferreira ZS, Avemaria F, Rzeszotek S, García-García A, Xie S, Flores-Figueroa E, Gur-Cohen S, Itkin T, Ludin-Tal A, Massalha H, Bernshtein B, Ciechanowicz AK, Brandis A, Mehlman T, Bhattacharya S, Bertagna M, Cheng H, Petrovich-Kopitman E, Janus T, Kaushansky N, Cheng T, Sagi I, Ratajczak MZ, Méndez-Ferrer S, Dick JE, Markus RP, Lapidot T. Daily Onset of Light and Darkness Differentially Controls Hematopoietic Stem Cell Differentiation and Maintenance. Cell Stem Cell 2018; 23:572-585.e7. [PMID: 30174297 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) tightly couple maintenance of the bone marrow (BM) reservoir, including undifferentiated long-term repopulating hematopoietic stem cells (LT-HSCs), with intensive daily production of mature leukocytes and blood replenishment. We found two daily peaks of BM HSPC activity that are initiated by onset of light and darkness providing this coupling. Both peaks follow transient elevation of BM norepinephrine and TNF secretion, which temporarily increase HSPC reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Light-induced norepinephrine and TNF secretion augments HSPC differentiation and increases vascular permeability to replenish the blood. In contrast, darkness-induced TNF increases melatonin secretion to drive renewal of HSPCs and LT-HSC potential through modulating surface CD150 and c-Kit expression, increasing COX-2/αSMA+ macrophages, diminishing vascular permeability, and reducing HSPC ROS levels. These findings reveal that light- and darkness-induced daily bursts of norepinephrine, TNF, and melatonin within the BM are essential for synchronized mature blood cell production and HSPC pool repopulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Golan
- Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Anju Kumari
- Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Orit Kollet
- Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | | | - Zulma S Ferreira
- Physiology Department, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Sylwia Rzeszotek
- Physiology Department, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | | | - Stephanie Xie
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Eugenia Flores-Figueroa
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; Oncology Research Unit, Oncology Hospital, National Medical Center Century XXI, IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Shiri Gur-Cohen
- Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Tomer Itkin
- Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Aya Ludin-Tal
- Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Hassan Massalha
- Molecular Cell Biology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Biana Bernshtein
- Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | - Alexander Brandis
- Life Science Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Tevie Mehlman
- Life Science Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | - Mayla Bertagna
- Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Hui Cheng
- Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel; State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Disease Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | | | - Tomasz Janus
- Forensic Medicine Department, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | | | - Tao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Disease Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Irit Sagi
- Biological Regulation Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | | | - John E Dick
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Regina P Markus
- Physiology Department, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tsvee Lapidot
- Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
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Rafat A, Mohammadi Roushandeh A, Alizadeh A, Hashemi-Firouzi N, Golipoor Z. Comparison of The Melatonin Preconditioning Efficacy between Bone Marrow and Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. CELL JOURNAL 2018; 20:450-458. [PMID: 30123990 PMCID: PMC6099139 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2019.5507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Objective Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) from various sources have the potentials to positively affect regenerative medicine. Furthermore, pre-conditioning strategies with different agents could improve the efficacy of cell therapy. This study compares the effects of an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agent, melatonin, on protection of bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMSCs) and adipose tissue-derived MSCs (ADSCs). Materials and Methods In this experimental study, rat BMSCs and ADSCs were isolated and expanded. Pre-conditioning was performed with 5 μM melatonin for 24 hours. Cell proliferation and viability were detected by MTT assay. Expression of BAX, BCL2, melatonin receptors and osteocalcin genes were evaluated by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Also, apoptosis was detected with tunnel assay. Osteogenic differentiation was analyzed using alizarin red staining. Results No significant increase was found in cell viability between BMSCs and ADSCs after melatonin preconditioning. Following melatonin preconditioning, BAX expression was significantly down-regulated in both ADSCs and BMSCs (P<0.05), with the difference being more significant in ADSCs compared to BMSCs. BCL2 expression was increased significantly in both cell types after preconditioning. Metalothionine 1 and Metalothionine 2 were both upregulated significantly in the two cell types (P<0.05). Melatonin increased osteogenesis capability through increasing osteocalcin expression. However, expression of osteocalcin in BMSCs before and after preconditioning was higher than that in ADSCs. On the other hand, melatonin expression in ADSCs was in higher levels than in BMSCs. Melatonin also improved alizarin red concentration significantly in both BMSCs and ADSCs (P<0.05). Alizarin red staining severity increased significantly in ADSCs after preconditioning compared to BMSCs (P<0.05). Conclusion Here we have shown that the effects of preconditioning on melatonin expression in ADSCs are higher than those in BMSCs. These findings could be used in adoption of a proper preconditioning protocol based on the sources of MSCs in specific clinical applications, especially in bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Rafat
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Amaneh Mohammadi Roushandeh
- Medical Biotechnology Research Center, Paramedicine Faculty, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Akram Alizadeh
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies, Shahrekord University of Medichal Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | | | - Zoleikha Golipoor
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran Electronic Address:
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Yun SP, Han YS, Lee JH, Kim SM, Lee SH. Melatonin Rescues Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Senescence Induced by the Uremic Toxin p-Cresol via Inhibiting mTOR-Dependent Autophagy. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2018; 26:389-398. [PMID: 28655071 PMCID: PMC6029684 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2017.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 04/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
p-Cresol, found at high concentrations in the serum of chronic kidney failure patients, is known to cause cell senescence and other complications in different parts of the body. p-Cresol is thought to mediate cytotoxic effects through the induction of autophagy response. However, toxic effects of p-cresol on mesenchymal stem cells have not been elucidated. Thus, we aimed to investigate whether p-cresol induces senescence of mesenchymal stem cells, and whether melatonin can ameliorate abnormal autophagy response caused by p-cresol. We found that p-cresol concentration-dependently reduced proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells. Pretreatment with melatonin prevented pro-senescence effects of p-cresol on mesenchymal stem cells. We found that by inducing phosphorylation of Akt and activating the Akt signaling pathway, melatonin enhanced catalase activity and thereby inhibited the accumulation of reactive oxygen species induced by p-cresol in mesenchymal stem cells, ultimately preventing abnormal activation of autophagy. Furthermore, preincubation with melatonin counteracted other pro-senescence changes caused by p-cresol, such as the increase in total 5′-AMP-activated protein kinase expression and decrease in the level of phosphorylated mechanistic target of rapamycin. Ultimately, we discovered that melatonin restored the expression of senescence marker protein 30, which is normally suppressed because of the induction of the autophagy pathway in chronic kidney failure patients by p-cresol. Our findings suggest that stem cell senescence in patients with chronic kidney failure could be potentially rescued by the administration of melatonin, which grants this hormone a novel therapeutic role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Pil Yun
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Yong-Seok Han
- Medical Science Research Institute, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul 04401, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Hee Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Sang Min Kim
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Sang Hun Lee
- Medical Science Research Institute, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul 04401, Republic of Korea
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Mehrzadi S, Motevalian M, Rezaei Kanavi M, Fatemi I, Ghaznavi H, Shahriari M. Protective effect of melatonin in the diabetic rat retina. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2018; 32:414-421. [PMID: 29495082 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most common and serious microvascular complications of diabetes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of melatonin (MEL) on retinal injury in diabetic rats. In this study, 21 rats were randomly divided into three groups: control, diabetic, and diabetic + MEL. Streptozotocin was used to induce diabetes at a dose of 50 mg/kg, i.p., and blood glucose was measured to choose the diabetic rats for the study. MEL (20 mg/kg) was given orally for 7 weeks in diabetic rats starting 1 week after induction of diabetes. After 8 weeks, the groups were compared in terms of mean scores of fluorescein leakage, using fluorescein angiography. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were estimated in retina using commercially available assays. Structural changes in retinas were evaluated by light microscopy. Results showed that diabetes significantly increased the mean scores of fluorescein leakage, and MDA and ROS levels compared to control group. Treatment of the diabetic rats with MEL for 7 weeks prevented the alterations induced by diabetes in comparison with the diabetic control group.Based on these findings, it can be concluded that MEL might have beneficial effects in prevention of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Mehrzadi
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 8813457776, Iran
| | - Manijeh Motevalian
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 8813457776, Iran
| | - Mozhgan Rezaei Kanavi
- Ocular Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 8812519894, Iran
| | - Iman Fatemi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, 7719617996, Iran.,Physiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, 7719617996, Iran
| | - Habib Ghaznavi
- Department of Pharmacology, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, 4537619851, Iran
| | - Mansoor Shahriari
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Imam Hossein Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 8814523979, Iran
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Lee C, Minich A, Li B, Miyake H, Seo S, Pierro A. Influence of stress factors on intestinal epithelial injury and regeneration. Pediatr Surg Int 2018; 34:155-160. [PMID: 29018960 DOI: 10.1007/s00383-017-4183-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Lgr5+ intestinal epithelial stem cells (ISCs) crucial for intestinal epithelial regeneration are impaired during necrotizing enterocolitis. This study aims to investigate the influence of different stressors on intestinal epithelial injury and regeneration in vitro. METHODS Intestinal epithelial cells (IEC-18) were exposed to stressors such as lipopolysaccharide, hydrogen peroxide, and serum. Cell viability was assessed using MTT assay at 18 and 24 h. IL-6 and Lgr5 gene expressions were measured using qPCR. RESULTS IEC-18 cell viability decreased 18 h following administration of lipopolysaccharide, hydrogen peroxide, and low serum concentration. However, after 24 h, the decrease in cell viability was observed only in higher, but not in lower concentrations of lipopolysaccharide and hydrogen peroxide. IL-6 expression increased in all groups compared to control. Lgr5 expression was up-regulated in cells exposed to a single stressor, but down-regulated when multiple stressors were administered. CONCLUSION Lipopolysaccharide, hydrogen peroxide, or low serum induced IEC-18 injury. The upregulation of Lgr5 expression after exposure to a single stressor suggests that minor injury to IEC-18 induces Lgr5+ ISCs to stimulate repair. Conversely, when IEC-18 cells were exposed to multiple stressors, Lgr5 expression was reduced. We speculate that this finding is similar to what happens in NEC when multiple stressors cause impairment of intestinal epithelium regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol Lee
- Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Program of Translational Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, 1526-555 University Ave, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Adam Minich
- Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Program of Translational Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, 1526-555 University Ave, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Bo Li
- Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Program of Translational Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, 1526-555 University Ave, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Hiromu Miyake
- Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Program of Translational Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, 1526-555 University Ave, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Shogo Seo
- Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Program of Translational Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, 1526-555 University Ave, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Agostino Pierro
- Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Program of Translational Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, 1526-555 University Ave, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada.
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Dehdashtian E, Mehrzadi S, Yousefi B, Hosseinzadeh A, Reiter RJ, Safa M, Ghaznavi H, Naseripour M. Diabetic retinopathy pathogenesis and the ameliorating effects of melatonin; involvement of autophagy, inflammation and oxidative stress. Life Sci 2018; 193:20-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 11/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Zhao YL, Liu WW, Liu W, Lu ZY, Xuan DH, Zhang X, Liu XL, Hayashi T, Yamato M, Ogura T, Fujisaki H, Hattori S, Tashiro SI, Onodera S, Ikejima T. Phorbol ester (PMA)-treated U937 cells cultured on type I collagen-coated dish express a lower production of pro-inflammatory cytokines through lowered ROS levels in parallel with cell aggregate formation. Int Immunopharmacol 2017; 55:158-164. [PMID: 29253822 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 12/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The present study is aimed to investigate the effect of collagen I on U937 cells, human monocyte-like histiocytic lymphoma cell line. Differentiation of U937 cells was induced by phorbol ester (PMA) treatment. The cells were cultured on the collagen I-coated plate. PMA-stimulated U937 cells formed multicellular aggregates on collagen I-coated surface, whereas PMA-unstimulated cells kept themselves away off each other. Moreover, the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and productions of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, TNFα and PGE2, pro-inflammatory mediator, were down-regulated in differentiated U937 cells cultured on collagen I-coated dishes. However, collagen I did not influence the capacity of E. coli phagocytosis. Cell aggregation as well as the down-regulation of IL-1β, TNFα and PGE2 caused by the culture on collagen I-coated surface were suppressed by ROS donor, tert-butylhydroperoxide (tBHP). The sizes of cell aggregates became bigger in differentiated U937 cells by treatment with ROS scavengers such as N-acetylcysteine (NAC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione (GSH). In conclusion, collagen I-coated culture induces the differentiated U937 cells to form cell aggregates and decreases the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines through down-regulating ROS generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye-Li Zhao
- China-Japan Research Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Wei-Wei Liu
- China-Japan Research Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Wei Liu
- China-Japan Research Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zhuo-Yu Lu
- China-Japan Research Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Di-Hong Xuan
- China-Japan Research Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- China-Japan Research Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xiao-Ling Liu
- China-Japan Research Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Toshihiko Hayashi
- China-Japan Research Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Masayuki Yamato
- Waseda University Joint Institution for Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
| | - Takaaki Ogura
- Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix, Toride, Ibaraki 302-0017, Japan
| | - Hitomi Fujisaki
- Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix, Toride, Ibaraki 302-0017, Japan
| | - Shunji Hattori
- Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix, Toride, Ibaraki 302-0017, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Tashiro
- Department of Medical Education and Primary Care, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Satoshi Onodera
- Department of Clinical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Showa Pharmaceutical University, Tokyo 194-8543, Japan
| | - Takashi Ikejima
- China-Japan Research Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
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The potential use of melatonin to treat protozoan parasitic infections: A review. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 97:948-957. [PMID: 29136773 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is a circadian hormone produced in vertebrates by the pineal gland and other organs. Melatonin is believed to influence immune cells leading to modulation of the proliferative response of stimulated lymphocytes as well as cytokine production. Due to the antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects of melatonin, it is suggested that this molecule could be a therapeutic alternative agent to fight bacterial, viral, and parasitic infections by a variety of mechanisms. Herein, we review the effects of melatonin on the cell biology of protozoan parasites and host's immune response. In toxoplasmosis, African trypanosomiasis and Chagas' disease, melatonin enhances host's immune response against the parasite via regulating the secretion of inflammatory mediators. In amoebiasis, melatonin reduces the amoebic lesions as well as increasing the leukophagocytosis and the number of dead amoebae. In giardiasis, serum melatonin levels are elevated in these patients; this suggests a positive correlation between the level of melatonin and phagocytic activity in the G. duodenalis infected patients, possibly related to melatonin's immunomodulatory effect. In leishmaniasis, melatonin arrests parasite replication accompanied by releasing mitochondrial Ca2+ into the cytosol, increasing the level of mitochondrial nitrites as well as reducing superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. In malaria, melatonin synchronizes the Plasmodium cell cycle via modulating cAMP-PKA and IP3-Ca2+ pathways. Thus, simultaneous administration of melatonin agonists or giving pharmacological doses of melatonin may be considered a novel approach for treatment of malarial infection.
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Oxidative Modification of Blood Serum Proteins in Multiple Sclerosis after Interferon Beta and Melatonin Treatment. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:7905148. [PMID: 29181127 PMCID: PMC5664347 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7905148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease involving oxidative stress (OS). This study was aimed at examination of the effect of melatonin supplementation on OS parameters, especially oxidative protein modifications of blood serum proteins, in MS patients. The study included 11 control subjects, 14 de novo diagnosed MS patients with the relapsing-remitting form of MS (RRMS), 36 patients with RRMS receiving interferon beta-1b (250 μg every other day), and 25 RRMS patients receiving interferon beta-1b plus melatonin (5 mg daily). The levels of N′-formylkynurenine, kynurenine, dityrosine, carbonyl groups, advanced glycation products (AGEs), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), and malondialdehyde were elevated in nontreated RRSM patients. N′-Formylkynurenine, kynurenine, AGEs, and carbonyl contents were decreased only in the group treated with interferon beta plus melatonin, while dityrosine and AOPP contents were decreased both in the group of patients treated with interferon beta and in the group treated with interferon beta-1b plus melatonin. These results demonstrate that melatonin ameliorates OS in MS patients supporting the view that combined administration of interferon beta-1b and melatonin can be more effective in reducing OS in MS patients than interferon beta-1b alone.
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Meng X, Li Y, Li S, Zhou Y, Gan RY, Xu DP, Li HB. Dietary Sources and Bioactivities of Melatonin. Nutrients 2017; 9:E367. [PMID: 28387721 PMCID: PMC5409706 DOI: 10.3390/nu9040367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Insomnia is a serious worldwide health threat, affecting nearly one third of the general population. Melatonin has been reported to improve sleep efficiency and it was found that eating melatonin-rich foods could assist sleep. During the last decades, melatonin has been widely identified and qualified in various foods from fungi to animals and plants. Eggs and fish are higher melatonin-containing food groups in animal foods, whereas in plant foods, nuts are with the highest content of melatonin. Some kinds of mushrooms, cereals and germinated legumes or seeds are also good dietary sources of melatonin. It has been proved that the melatonin concentration in human serum could significantly increase after the consumption of melatonin containing food. Furthermore, studies show that melatonin exhibits many bioactivities, such as antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatory characteristics, boosting immunity, anticancer activity, cardiovascular protection, anti-diabetic, anti-obese, neuroprotective and anti-aging activity. This review summaries the dietary sources and bioactivities of melatonin, with special attention paid to the mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Meng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Ya Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Sha Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Yue Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Ren-You Gan
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Dong-Ping Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
- South China Sea Bioresource Exploitation and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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