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Wang SY, Chiu CC, Wang JJ, Chen YW, Chou AK, Hung CH. Treadmill workouts alleviate neuropathic allodynia and scratching behavior in rats following thoracotomy. Neurol Res 2022; 44:524-533. [PMID: 35001813 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2021.2024719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the experiment was to investigate the effects of treadmill exercise on postthoracotomy pain and the expression of spinal pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. METHODS Animals were randomly distributed into four groups: (a) sham surgery, (b) rats following 60 min thoracotomy and rib retraction (thoracotomy), (c) thoracotomy rats received treadmill training (thoracotomy+treadmill), and (d) sham surgery rats received treadmill training (sham surgery+treadmill). Treadmill workouts were started on postoperative day 10 (POD10) and lasted for 6 weeks (5 days per week). Rats were examined for cold allodynia using acetone and mechanical allodynia using von Frey hairs (in grams) at the surgical site. Spinal pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines were analyzed on PODs 28 and 49. RESULTS Both thoracotomy and thoracotomy+treadmill groups exhibited a decrease in mechanical force thresholds (g) and an increase in scratches per min on POD10. Mechanical hypersensitivity and incremental scratches lasted from POD14 and POD49 in the thoracotomy group. Although force thresholds and scratches remained not return to baseline, incremental force thresholds (p < 0.001) and diminutive scratches (p < 0.001) occurred after 6-week treadmill workouts. The rise in spinal interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) concentrations or the decline in spinal IL-10 concentration in thoracotomy+treadmill rats was less (p < 0.05) than thoracotomy rats without exercise. CONCLUSIONS Mechanical allodynia using von Frey filament testing and cold allodynia by acetone testing were improved in thoracotomy rats after treadmill workouts.. Treadmill exercise restrained excess pro-inflammatory cytokine expression but increased anti-inflammatory cytokine level in a rib retraction model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siao-Yuan Wang
- Department of Physical Therapy, Tzu Hui Institute of Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Chong-Chi Chiu
- Department of General Surgery, E-Da Cancer Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jhi-Joung Wang
- Department of Medical Research, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology Tri-Service General Hospital & National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan Tainan Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wen Chen
- Department of Medical Research, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Care, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - An-Kuo Chou
- Department of Anesthesiology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hsia Hung
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Ghatak K, Yin GN, Hong SS, Kang JH, Suh JK, Ryu JK. Heat Shock Protein 70 in Penile Neurovascular Regeneration Requires Cystathionine Gamma-Lyase. World J Mens Health 2022; 40:580-599. [PMID: 36047068 PMCID: PMC9482852 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.210249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Diabetes mellitus, one of the major causes of erectile dysfunction, leads to a poor response to phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors. Heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70), a ubiquitous molecular chaperone, is known to play a role in cell survival and neuroprotection. Here, we aimed to assess whether and how Hsp70 improves erectile function in diabetic mice. Materials and Methods Eight-week-old male C57BL/6 mice and Hsp70-Tg mice were used in this study. We injected Hsp70 protein into the penis of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. Detailed mechanisms were evaluated in WT or Hsp70-Tg mice under normal and diabetic conditions. Primary MCECs, and MPG and DRG tissues were cultivated under normal-glucose and high-glucose conditions. Results Using Hsp70-Tg mice or Hsp70 protein administration, we demonstrate that elevated levels of Hsp70 restores erectile function in diabetic mice. We found that cystathionine gamma-lyase (Cse) is a novel target of Hsp70 in this process, showing that Hsp70-Cse acts through the SDF1/HO-1/PI3K/Akt/eNOS/NF-κB p65 pathway to exert its neurovascular regeneration-promoting effects. Coimmunoprecipitation and pull-down assays using mouse cavernous endothelial cells treated with Hsp70 demonstrated physical interactions between Hsp70 and Cse with a dissociation constant of 1.8 nmol/L. Conclusions Our findings provide novel and solid evidence that Hsp70 acts through a Cse-dependent mechanism to mediate neurovascular regeneration and restoration of erectile function under diabetic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalyan Ghatak
- National Research Center for Sexual Medicine, Department of Urology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Guo Nan Yin
- National Research Center for Sexual Medicine, Department of Urology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Soon-Sun Hong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Ju-Hee Kang
- Department of Pharmacology, Medicinal Toxicology Research Center, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Jun-Kyu Suh
- National Research Center for Sexual Medicine, Department of Urology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Ji-Kan Ryu
- National Research Center for Sexual Medicine, Department of Urology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
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Costa-Beber LC, Heck TG, Fiorin PBG, Ludwig MS. HSP70 as a biomarker of the thin threshold between benefit and injury due to physical exercise when exposed to air pollution. Cell Stress Chaperones 2021; 26:889-915. [PMID: 34677749 PMCID: PMC8578518 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-021-01241-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical exercise has acute and chronic effects on inflammatory balance, metabolic regulation, and redox status. Exercise-induced adaptations are mediated by enhanced 70-kDa heat shock protein (HSP70) levels and an improved heat shock response (HSR). Therefore, exercise could be useful against disease conditions [obesity, diabetes mellitus (DM), and exposure to atmospheric pollutants] marked by an impaired HSR. However, exercise performed by obese or diabetic subjects under pollution conditions might also be dangerous at certain intensities. Intensity correlates with an increase in HSP70 levels during physical exercise until a critical point at which the effort becomes harmful and impairs the HSR. Establishing a unique biomarker able to indicate the exercise intensity on metabolism and cellular fatigue is essential to ensure adequate and safe exercise recommendations for individuals with obesity or DM who require exercise to improve their metabolic status and live in polluted regions. In this review, we examined the available evidence supporting our hypothesis that HSP70 could serve as a biomarker for determining the optimal exercise intensity for subjects with obesity or diabetes when exposed to air pollution and establishing the fine threshold between anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory exercise effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lílian Corrêa Costa-Beber
- Research Group in Physiology, Postgraduate Program in Integral Attention to Health, Department of Life Sciences, Regional University of Northwestern State's Rio Grande do Sul (UNIJUI), Rua do Comercio, 3000 - Bairro Universitario -, Ijuí, RS, 98700-000, Brazil.
- Postgraduation Program in Integral Attention to Health (PPGAIS-UNIJUI/UNICRUZ), Ijuí, RS, Brazil.
| | - Thiago Gomes Heck
- Research Group in Physiology, Postgraduate Program in Integral Attention to Health, Department of Life Sciences, Regional University of Northwestern State's Rio Grande do Sul (UNIJUI), Rua do Comercio, 3000 - Bairro Universitario -, Ijuí, RS, 98700-000, Brazil
- Postgraduation Program in Integral Attention to Health (PPGAIS-UNIJUI/UNICRUZ), Ijuí, RS, Brazil
| | - Pauline Brendler Goettems Fiorin
- Research Group in Physiology, Postgraduate Program in Integral Attention to Health, Department of Life Sciences, Regional University of Northwestern State's Rio Grande do Sul (UNIJUI), Rua do Comercio, 3000 - Bairro Universitario -, Ijuí, RS, 98700-000, Brazil
| | - Mirna Stela Ludwig
- Research Group in Physiology, Postgraduate Program in Integral Attention to Health, Department of Life Sciences, Regional University of Northwestern State's Rio Grande do Sul (UNIJUI), Rua do Comercio, 3000 - Bairro Universitario -, Ijuí, RS, 98700-000, Brazil
- Postgraduation Program in Integral Attention to Health (PPGAIS-UNIJUI/UNICRUZ), Ijuí, RS, Brazil
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Sun ZG, Lu G, Zhao LL, Zhang LZ, Li A, Jing J, Xu X. Exercise Preconditioning Protects against Acute Cardiac Injury Induced by Lipopolysaccharide Through General Control Nonderepressible 2 Kinase. Int Heart J 2020; 61:138-144. [DOI: 10.1536/ihj.19-307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Guang Sun
- Department of Exercise Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport
| | - Guo Lu
- Department of Exercise Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport
| | - Lin-Lin Zhao
- Department of Exercise Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport
| | - Li-Zhen Zhang
- Department of Exercise Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport
| | - Ai Li
- Department of Exercise Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport
| | - Jing Jing
- Department of Exercise Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Exercise Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport
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Role of calcitonin gene-related peptide in cardioprotection of short-term and long-term exercise preconditioning. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2015; 64:53-9. [PMID: 24566463 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the role of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in cardioprotection of short-term and long-term exercise preconditioning (EP). METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were, respectively, subjected to continuous intermittent treadmill training 3 days or 3 weeks as short-term or long-term EP protocols. The myocardial injury induced by isoproterenol (ISO) was performed 24 hours after short-term and long-term EP. The myocardial injury was evaluated in terms of the serum cardiac troponin levels and the hematoxylin-basic fuchsin-picric acid staining. Additionally, serum CGRP levels, CGRP expression in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG), and heart were analyzed as possible mechanisms to explain short-term and long-term EP-induced cardioprotection. RESULTS Both short-term and long-term EP markedly attenuated the isoproterenol-induced myocardial ischemia with lower serum cardiac troponin levels. Short-term EP does not alter serum CGRP levels and CGRP expression in the DRG and heart. Long-term EP significantly increases serum CGRP levels and CGRP expression in the DRG and heart. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that short-term EP does not increase the synthesis and release of CGRP. Therefore, the cardioprotective effect of short-term EP does not involve CGRP adaptation. Furthermore, long-term EP increases CGRP synthesis in the DRG and promotes CGRP release in the blood and heart. Hence, CGRP may play an important role in the cardioprotective effect of long-term EP.
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Martin S, Pence BA, Greene R, Johnson S, Dantzer R, Kelley K, Woods J. Effects of voluntary wheel running on LPS-induced sickness behavior in aged mice. Brain Behav Immun 2013; 29:113-123. [PMID: 23277090 PMCID: PMC3619400 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2012.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2012] [Revised: 12/12/2012] [Accepted: 12/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral stimulation of the innate immune system with LPS causes exaggerated neuroinflammation and prolonged sickness behavior in aged mice. Regular moderate intensity exercise has been shown to exert anti-inflammatory effects that may protect against inappropriate neuroinflammation and sickness in aged mice. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that voluntary wheel running would attenuate LPS-induced sickness behavior and proinflammatory cytokine gene expression in ~22-month-old C57BL/6J mice. Mice were housed with a running wheel (VWR), locked-wheel (Locked), or no wheel (Standard) for 10 weeks, after which they were intraperitoneally injected with LPS across a range of doses (0.02, 0.08, 0.16, 0.33 mg/kg). VWR mice ran on average 3.5 km/day and lost significantly more body weight and body fat, and increased their forced exercise tolerance compared to Locked and Shoebox mice. VWR had no effect on LPS-induced anorexia, adipsia, weight-loss, or reductions in locomotor activity at any LPS dose when compared to Locked and Shoebox groups. LPS induced sickness behavior in a dose-dependent fashion (0.33>0.02 mg/kg). Twenty-four hours post-injection (0.33 mg/kg LPS or Saline) we found a LPS-induced upregulation of whole brain TNFα, IL-1β, and IL-10 mRNA, and increased IL-1β and IL-6 in the spleen and liver; these effects were not attenuated by VWR. We conclude that VWR does not reduce LPS-induced exaggerated or prolonged sickness behavior in aged animals, or 24h post-injection (0.33 mg/kg LPS or Saline) brain and peripheral proinflammatory cytokine gene expression. The necessity of the sickness response is critical for survival and may outweigh the subtle benefits of exercise training in aged animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- S.A. Martin
- Departments of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois @Urbana-Champaign, Urbana IL,Integrated Immunology and Behavior Program, University of Illinois @Urbana-Champaign, Urbana IL
| | - B. A. Pence
- Departments of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois @Urbana-Champaign, Urbana IL,Integrated Immunology and Behavior Program, University of Illinois @Urbana-Champaign, Urbana IL
| | - R. Greene
- Departments of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois @Urbana-Champaign, Urbana IL
| | - S. Johnson
- Departments of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois @Urbana-Champaign, Urbana IL
| | - R. Dantzer
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
| | - K.W. Kelley
- Integrated Immunology and Behavior Program, University of Illinois @Urbana-Champaign, Urbana IL,Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois @Urbana-Champaign, Urbana IL
| | - J.A. Woods
- Departments of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois @Urbana-Champaign, Urbana IL,Integrated Immunology and Behavior Program, University of Illinois @Urbana-Champaign, Urbana IL
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Chen YW, Hsieh PL, Chen YC, Hung CH, Cheng JT. Physical Exercise Induces Excess Hsp72 Expression and Delays the Development of Hyperalgesia and Allodynia in Painful Diabetic Neuropathy Rats. Anesth Analg 2013; 116:482-90. [DOI: 10.1213/ane.0b013e318274e4a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Hung CH, Tzeng JI, Chang CN, Chen YW, Cho CY, Wang JJ. Treadmill exercise preconditioning attenuates lung damage caused by systemic endotoxemia in type 1 diabetic rats. J Diabetes Res 2013; 2013:527090. [PMID: 24392457 PMCID: PMC3872431 DOI: 10.1155/2013/527090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2013] [Revised: 11/25/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Endotoxemia induces a series of inflammatory responses that may result in lung injury. However, heat shock protein72 (HSP72) has the potential to protect the lungs from damage. The objective of this study was to determine whether prior exercise conditioning could increase the expression of HSP72 in the lungs and attenuate lung damage in diabetic rats receiving lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Streptozotocin was used to induce diabetes in adult male Wistar rats. Rats were randomly assigned to sedentary or exercise groups. Rats in the exercise condition ran on a treadmill 5 days/week, 30-60 min/day, with an intensity of 1.0 mile/hour over a 3-week period. Rats received an intravenous infusion of LPS after 24 hrs from the last training session. Elevated lavage tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF- α ) level in response to LPS was more marked in diabetic rats. HSP72 expression in lungs was significantly increased after exercise conditioning, but less pronounced in diabetic rats. After administration of LPS, exercised rats displayed higher survival rate as well as decreased lavage TNF- α level and lung edema in comparison to sedentary rats. Our findings suggest that exercise conditioning could attenuate the occurrence of inflammatory responses and lung damage, thereby reducing mortality rate in diabetic rats during endotoxemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Hsia Hung
- Department of Physical Therapy, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Jann-Inn Tzeng
- Department of Food Sciences and Technology, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Sciences, Jen-Te, Tainan 717, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Yong Kang, Tainan 710, Taiwan
| | - Che-Ning Chang
- Department of Physical Therapy, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wen Chen
- Department of Physical Therapy, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- *Yu-Wen Chen:
| | - Chia-Ying Cho
- Department of Physical Therapy, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Jhi-Joung Wang
- Department of Medical Research, Chi-Mei Medical Centre, Tainan 710, Taiwan
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Chen YW, Li YT, Chen YC, Li ZY, Hung CH. Exercise Training Attenuates Neuropathic Pain and Cytokine Expression After Chronic Constriction Injury of Rat Sciatic Nerve. Anesth Analg 2012; 114:1330-7. [DOI: 10.1213/ane.0b013e31824c4ed4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Exercise increases insulin content and basal secretion in pancreatic islets in type 1 diabetic mice. EXPERIMENTAL DIABETES RESEARCH 2011; 2011:481427. [PMID: 21912535 PMCID: PMC3170797 DOI: 10.1155/2011/481427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2011] [Accepted: 05/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Exercise appears to improve glycemic control for people with type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, the mechanism responsible for this improvement is unknown. We hypothesized that exercise has a direct effect on the insulin-producing islets. Eight-week-old mice were divided into four groups: sedentary diabetic, exercised diabetic, sedentary control, and exercised control. The exercised groups participated in voluntary wheel running for 6 weeks. When compared to the control groups, the islet density, islet diameter, and β-cell proportion per islet were significantly lower in both sedentary and exercised diabetic groups and these alterations were not improved with exercise. The total insulin content and insulin secretion were significantly lower in sedentary diabetics compared to controls. Exercise significantly improved insulin content and insulin secretion in islets in basal conditions. Thus, some improvements in exercise-induced glycemic control in T1D mice may be due to enhancement of insulin content and secretion in islets.
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Ahlgren JK, Hayward LF. Daily voluntary exercise alters the cardiovascular response to hemorrhage in conscious male rats. Auton Neurosci 2011; 160:42-52. [PMID: 21215710 PMCID: PMC3034809 DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2010.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2010] [Revised: 08/30/2010] [Accepted: 11/19/2010] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The present study tested the hypothesis that voluntary wheel-exercised rats would better tolerate severe hemorrhage (HEM) compared to age matched sedentary (SED) controls. Conscious rats housed with (EX, n = 8) or without (SED, n = 8) a running wheel for 6 weeks underwent a 30% total blood volume HEM over 15 min and were euthanized 90 min later and brain tissue was processed for Fos-like immunoreactivity (FLI). Both EX and SED groups displayed typical responses to HEM (initial tachycardia followed by decreased HR and MAP) but at the end of HEM, mean arterial pressure (93 ± 6 vs 58 ± 3 mm Hg) and heart rate (316 ± 17 vs. 247 ± 22 bpm,) were higher in the EX vs. SED animals and 60 min following the end of HEM, HR remained significantly elevated in the EX vs SED animals. The altered HR response to HEM in the EX animals was linked to a significant difference in sympatho-vagal drive identified by heart rate variability analysis and an augmented baroreflex response to hypotension tested in a separate group of animals (n = 4-5/group). In many of the brain regions analyzed, EX rats displayed lower levels of FLI compared to SED rats. Significantly lower levels of FLI in the EX vs SED rats were identified in the middle and caudal external lateral subnucleus of the lateral parabrachial nucleus and the dorsal cap of the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus. These results suggest that enhanced tolerance to HEM following daily exercise may result from an EX-induced reduction in excitation or exaggerated inhibition in central circuits involved in autonomic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joslyn K Ahlgren
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of FL, Gainesville, 32610, United States
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