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Abstract
This discussion of the biochemical lesions produced in animal cells by ionizing radiation will to all intents and purposes be restricted to a consideration of the immediate response to doses of 1000 rads or less in two rat tissues only, namely the thymus gland and the regenerating liver. The experiments we have carried out with these two tissues have led us to the view that in these organs the ultimate damage to the cell stems from an initial upset of the nuclear thiol-disulphide equilibrium.
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Chapman IV, Sturrock MG. Comparison of the effects of X-irradiation and sulphydryl blocking agents on the potassium ion content of thymocytes in vitro. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION BIOLOGY AND RELATED STUDIES IN PHYSICS, CHEMISTRY, AND MEDICINE 1974; 25:151-60. [PMID: 4544916 DOI: 10.1080/09553007414550171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Archer JF, Wills ED. Effects of ionizing radiation on sulphydryl and disulphide components of cultured mammalian cells. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION BIOLOGY AND RELATED STUDIES IN PHYSICS, CHEMISTRY, AND MEDICINE 1973; 23:571-81. [PMID: 4542037 DOI: 10.1080/09553007314550671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Ohara H, Terasima T. Variations of cellular sulfhydryl content during cell cycle of HeLa cells and its correlation to cyclic change of x-ray sensitivity. Exp Cell Res 1969; 58:182-5. [PMID: 5404066 DOI: 10.1016/0014-4827(69)90133-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Harris JW, Painter RB, Hahn GM. Endogenous non-protein sulphydryl and cellular radiosensitivity. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION BIOLOGY AND RELATED STUDIES IN PHYSICS, CHEMISTRY, AND MEDICINE 1969; 15:289-92. [PMID: 5305962 DOI: 10.1080/09553006914550501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Kedrova EM, Rodionov WM. The effect of ionizing radiation on nuclear cell proteins: changes in SH-group content in proteins synthesized in late interphase. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION BIOLOGY AND RELATED STUDIES IN PHYSICS, CHEMISTRY, AND MEDICINE 1969; 16:359-66. [PMID: 5308927 DOI: 10.1080/09553006914551381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Flemming K, Mehrishi JN, Napier JA. The loss of intracellular K+ ions from the intact Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cell following irradiation with 15MeV electrons and x-rays. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION BIOLOGY AND RELATED STUDIES IN PHYSICS, CHEMISTRY, AND MEDICINE 1968; 14:175-86. [PMID: 5303351 DOI: 10.1080/09553006814550981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Modig HG, Révész L. Non-protein sulphydryl and glutathione content of Ehrlich ascites tumour cells after treatment with the radioprotectors AET, cysteamine and glutathione. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION BIOLOGY AND RELATED STUDIES IN PHYSICS, CHEMISTRY, AND MEDICINE 1968; 13:469-77. [PMID: 5303014 DOI: 10.1080/09553006814550491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Sparkes BG, Walker IG. Acid-soluble sulfhydryl compounds in L-cells during various conditions of growth. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1966; 44:1159-69. [PMID: 4226178 DOI: 10.1139/o66-133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
During exponential growth of suspension cultures of L-cells, the intracellular concentration of acid-soluble sulfhydryl compounds varied in a characteristic fashion. In a freshly diluted culture, the concentration rose to a maximum but as the population density increased, the concentration fell. This effect was attributed to inadequate cultural conditions; either a needed substance became limiting or an undesirable substance accumulated. Thus, if the culture was diluted frequently to approximate chemostatic conditions, the concentration remained at a high and constant level. When cell division was inhibited by 5-fluorodeoxyuridine, the level of acid-soluble sulfhydryl compounds increased but the extent of the increase again depended on the age of the culture, with a freshly diluted culture showing a maximum increase. Several other cellular constituents as well as the cellular volume also exhibited these patterns. The major sulfhydryl and disulfide components in the cell were reduced and oxidized glutathione. Only traces of cysteine and two unidentified sulfhydryl compounds were present. Cell growth in medium lacking glutathione was completely normal. In addition, the cysteine in the medium was found to be completely oxidized. Thus, the cells have mechanisms which enable them to obtain their cysteine requirements from the cystine in the medium, to synthesize glutathione de novo, and to maintain a reduced-plus-oxidized glutathione balance and at the same time maintain a very small pool of cysteine and (or) cystine.
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