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Channer B, Matt SM, Nickoloff-Bybel EA, Pappa V, Agarwal Y, Wickman J, Gaskill PJ. Dopamine, Immunity, and Disease. Pharmacol Rev 2023; 75:62-158. [PMID: 36757901 PMCID: PMC9832385 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.122.000618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The neurotransmitter dopamine is a key factor in central nervous system (CNS) function, regulating many processes including reward, movement, and cognition. Dopamine also regulates critical functions in peripheral organs, such as blood pressure, renal activity, and intestinal motility. Beyond these functions, a growing body of evidence indicates that dopamine is an important immunoregulatory factor. Most types of immune cells express dopamine receptors and other dopaminergic proteins, and many immune cells take up, produce, store, and/or release dopamine, suggesting that dopaminergic immunomodulation is important for immune function. Targeting these pathways could be a promising avenue for the treatment of inflammation and disease, but despite increasing research in this area, data on the specific effects of dopamine on many immune cells and disease processes remain inconsistent and poorly understood. Therefore, this review integrates the current knowledge of the role of dopamine in immune cell function and inflammatory signaling across systems. We also discuss the current understanding of dopaminergic regulation of immune signaling in the CNS and peripheral tissues, highlighting the role of dopaminergic immunomodulation in diseases such as Parkinson's disease, several neuropsychiatric conditions, neurologic human immunodeficiency virus, inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and others. Careful consideration is given to the influence of experimental design on results, and we note a number of areas in need of further research. Overall, this review integrates our knowledge of dopaminergic immunology at the cellular, tissue, and disease level and prompts the development of therapeutics and strategies targeted toward ameliorating disease through dopaminergic regulation of immunity. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Canonically, dopamine is recognized as a neurotransmitter involved in the regulation of movement, cognition, and reward. However, dopamine also acts as an immune modulator in the central nervous system and periphery. This review comprehensively assesses the current knowledge of dopaminergic immunomodulation and the role of dopamine in disease pathogenesis at the cellular and tissue level. This will provide broad access to this information across fields, identify areas in need of further investigation, and drive the development of dopaminergic therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Breana Channer
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (B.C., S.M.M., E.A.N-B., Y.A., J.W., P.J.G.); and The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (V.P.)
| | - Stephanie M Matt
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (B.C., S.M.M., E.A.N-B., Y.A., J.W., P.J.G.); and The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (V.P.)
| | - Emily A Nickoloff-Bybel
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (B.C., S.M.M., E.A.N-B., Y.A., J.W., P.J.G.); and The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (V.P.)
| | - Vasiliki Pappa
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (B.C., S.M.M., E.A.N-B., Y.A., J.W., P.J.G.); and The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (V.P.)
| | - Yash Agarwal
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (B.C., S.M.M., E.A.N-B., Y.A., J.W., P.J.G.); and The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (V.P.)
| | - Jason Wickman
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (B.C., S.M.M., E.A.N-B., Y.A., J.W., P.J.G.); and The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (V.P.)
| | - Peter J Gaskill
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (B.C., S.M.M., E.A.N-B., Y.A., J.W., P.J.G.); and The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (V.P.)
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Byrne SE, Vishwakarma N, Sriramula S, Katwa LC. Dopamine receptor 3: A mystery at the heart of cardiac fibrosis. Life Sci 2022; 308:120918. [PMID: 36041503 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Dopamine receptors have been extensively studied in the mammalian brain and spinal cord, as dopamine is a vital determinant of bodily movement, cognition, and overall behavior. Thus, dopamine receptor antagonist antipsychotic drugs are commonly used to treat multiple psychiatric disorders. Although less discussed, these receptors are also expressed in other peripheral organ systems, such as the kidneys, eyes, gastrointestinal tract, and cardiac tissue. Consequently, therapies for certain psychiatric disorders which target dopamine receptors could have unidentified consequences on certain functions of these peripheral tissues. The existence of an intrinsic dopaminergic system in the human heart remains controversial and debated within the literature. Therefore, this review focuses on literature related to dopamine receptors within cardiac tissue, specifically dopamine receptor 3 (D3R), and summarizes the current state of knowledge while highlighting areas of research which may be lacking. Additionally, recent findings regarding crosstalk between D3R and dopamine receptor 1 (D1R) are examined. This review discusses the novel concept of understanding the role of the loss of function of D3R may play in collagen accumulation and cardiac fibrosis, eventually leading to heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon E Byrne
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA
| | - Nandini Vishwakarma
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA
| | - Srinivas Sriramula
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA
| | - Laxmansa C Katwa
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA.
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Fouad Shalaby M, Latif HAAE, Yamani ME, Galal MA, Kamal S, Sindi I. Protective Role of Sarpogrelate in Combination with Bromocriptine and Cabergoline for Treatment of Diabetes in Alloxan-induced Diabetic Rats. CURRENT THERAPEUTIC RESEARCH 2021; 95:100647. [PMID: 34777640 PMCID: PMC8577162 DOI: 10.1016/j.curtheres.2021.100647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although dopamine D2 receptor agonists, bromocriptine and cabergoline, are notable medications in the treatment of Parkinsonism, hyperprolactinemia, and hyperglycemia, there is an identified relationship between the utilization of D2-like R agonists and the progress of myocardial injury, especially in the early phase of therapy. OBJECTIVE This investigation aimed to examine the potential activity of sarpogrelate (a 5-hydroxytryptamine 2A [5-HT2A] receptor blocker) in reducing myocardial injury prompted by extended haul utilization of D2 receptor agonists in a model of diabetic rats. METHODS In the in vivo studies, both bromocriptine and cabergoline were managed independently and combined with sarpogrelate for about a month in diabetic nephropathy rats. Blood glucose level and other myocardial biochemical parameters were estimated. The probable mechanism for insulin secretagogue action was evaluated through in vitro isolated islets study. Sodium/potassium-adenosine triphosphatase activity was assayed in an isolated microsomal fraction of the renal cortex. Isolated perfused rat hearts were treated with different doses of dopamine before and after being subjected to the tested drugs, dose response of heart rate, and heart contractility were recorded. RESULTS Bromocriptine and cabergoline created a significant reduction in blood glucose level without any action on insulin secretagogues. Bromocriptine prevented the loss of sodium/potassium-adenosine triphosphatase activity in the cortex of an ischemic kidney. Treatment of bromocriptine or cabergoline with sarpogrelate altogether decreased the levels of the elevated myocardial biomarkers in serum. Administration of different doses of dopamine in presence of bromocriptine or capergoline resulted in significantly rising in the heart rate percentage comparing to dopamine alone. A mix of bromocriptine or cabergoline with sarpogrelate diminished both heart rate and contractility, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The examination demonstrated that the combined use of sarpogrelate with bromocriptine or cabergoline decreased the potential adverse effects of these 2 drugs on myocardial tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Fouad Shalaby
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, Pharmacy Programme, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hekma A. Abd El Latif
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed El Yamani
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - May Ahmed Galal
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sherifa Kamal
- Pharmacology Department, National Organization for Drug Control and Research, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ikhlas Sindi
- Research Unit, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Campos Campos B, Ávalos-Fuentes A, Piña Leyva C, Sánchez-Zavaleta R, Loya-López S, Rangel-Barajas C, Leyva-Gómez G, Cortés H, Erlij D, Florán B. Coexistence of D 3 R typical and atypical signaling in striatonigral neurons during dopaminergic denervation. Correlation with D 3 nf expression changes. Synapse 2020; 74:e22152. [PMID: 32068305 DOI: 10.1002/syn.22152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Dopamine D3 R are widely expressed in basal ganglia where interact with D1 R. D3 R potentiate cAMP accumulation and GABA release stimulated by D1 R in striatonigral neurons through "atypical" signaling. During dopaminergic denervation, D3 R signaling changes to a "typical" in which antagonizes the effects of D1 R, the mechanisms of this switching are unknown. D3 nf splice variant regulates membrane anchorage and function of D3 R and decreases in denervation; thus, it is possible that D3 R signaling switching correlates with changes in D3 nf expression and increases of membranal D3 R that mask D3 R atypical effects. We performed experiments in unilaterally 6-hydroxydopamine lesioned rats and found a decrease in mRNA and protein of D3 nf, but not of D3 R in the denervated striatum. Proximity ligation assay showed that D3 R-D3 nf interaction decreased after denervation, whereas binding revealed an increased Bmax in D3 R. The new D3 R antagonized cAMP accumulation and GABA release stimulated by D1 R; however, in the presence of N-Ethylmaleimide (NEM), to block Gi protein signaling, activation of D3 R produced its atypical signaling stimulating D1 R effects. Finally, we investigated if the typical and atypical effects of D3 R modulating GABA release are capable of influencing motor behavior. Injections of D3 R agonist into denervated nigra decreased D1 R agonist-induced turning behavior but potentiated it in the presence of NEM. Our data indicate the coexistence of D3 R typical and atypical signaling in striatonigral neurons during denervation that correlated with changes in the ratio of expression of D3 nf and D3 R isoforms. The coexistence of both atypical and typical signaling during denervation influences motor behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baruc Campos Campos
- Departamento de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Arturo Ávalos-Fuentes
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Celia Piña Leyva
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Rodolfo Sánchez-Zavaleta
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Santiago Loya-López
- Departamento de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | | | - Gerardo Leyva-Gómez
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Hernán Cortés
- Laboratorio de Medicina Genómica, Departamento de Genética, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - David Erlij
- Department of Physiology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Benjamín Florán
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
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Dopamine outside the brain: The eye, cardiovascular system and endocrine pancreas. Pharmacol Ther 2019; 203:107392. [PMID: 31299315 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Dopamine (DA) and DA receptors (DR) have been extensively studied in the central nervous system (CNS), but their role in the periphery is still poorly understood. Here we summarize data on DA and DRs in the eye, cardiovascular system and endocrine pancreas, three districts where DA and DA-related drugs have been studied and the expression of DR documented. In the eye, DA modulates ciliary blood flow and aqueous production, which impacts on intraocular pressure and glaucoma. In the cardiovascular system, DA increases blood pressure and heart activity, mostly through a stimulation of adrenoceptors, and induces vasodilatation in the renal circulation, possibly through D1R stimulation. In pancreatic islets, beta cells store DA and co-release it with insulin. D1R is mainly expressed in beta cells, where it stimulates insulin release, while D2R is expressed in both beta and delta cells (in the latter at higher level), where it inhibits, respectively, insulin and somatostatin release. The formation of D2R-somatostatin receptor 5 heteromers (documented in the CNS), might add complexity to the system. DA may exert both direct autocrine effects on beta cells, and indirect paracrine effects through delta cells and somatostatin. Bromocriptine, an FDA approved drug for diabetes, endowed with both D1R (antagonistic) and D2R (agonistic) actions, may exert complex effects, resulting from the integration of direct effects on beta cells and paracrine effects from delta cells. A full comprehension of peripheral DA signaling deserves further studies that may generate innovative therapeutic drugs to manage conditions such as glaucoma, cardiovascular diseases and diabetes.
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Vesely P, Stracina T, Hlavacova M, Halamek J, Kolarova J, Olejnickova V, Mrkvicova V, Paulova H, Novakova M. Haloperidol affects coupling between QT and RR intervals in guinea pig isolated heart. J Pharmacol Sci 2018; 139:23-28. [PMID: 30528680 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2018.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Prolonged QT interval is an independent risk factor for development of ventricular arrhythmias. Haloperidol is one of the drugs inducing QT prolongation. Previous studies showed that haloperidol affects not only QT duration but also heart rate (RR interval). The present work focused on relationship between QT and RR and its changes under acute and chronic haloperidol administration. The study included 14 male guinea pigs divided into control and haloperidol-treated group. After 21-days administration of haloperidol or vehiculum, electrograms in isolated hearts were recorded. QT/RR and dQT/dRR coupling were calculated. Chronic haloperidol administration significantly decreases the coupling between QT and RR. Acute haloperidol exposure significantly decreases the dQT/dRR coupling in both treated and untreated guinea pig hearts. Flatter QT/RR relationship reveals a lack of QT adaptation to increased heart rate. It should be emphasized that in such situation ECG recording will not show significant QT prolongation evaluated according to clinical rules. However, if QT interval does not adapt to increased heart rate sufficiently, the risk of ventricular arrhythmias may be increased despite practically normal QT interval length. The results are supported by findings in biochemical analyses, which proved eligibility of the used model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Vesely
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's Faculty Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tibor Stracina
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Miroslava Hlavacova
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Halamek
- Institute of Scientific Instruments, Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Kolarova
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Olejnickova
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Mrkvicova
- Department of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation (KFDR), St. Anne's Faculty Hospital, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Paulova
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Novakova
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's Faculty Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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Characterization of Antibodies to Identify Cellular Expression of Dopamine Receptor 4. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 854:663-70. [PMID: 26427473 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-17121-0_88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
The dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) plays an important role in vision. In order to study the DRD4 expression in vivo, it is important to have antibodies that are specific for DRD4 for both immunoblot and immunohistochemical (IHC) applications. In this study, six antibodies raised against DRD4 peptides were tested in vitro, using transfected mammalian cells, and in vivo, using mouse retinas. Three Santa Cruz (SC) antibodies, D-16, N-20, and R-20, were successful in IHC of transfected DRD4; however, N-20 was the only one effective on immunoblot analysis in DRD4 transfected cells and IHC of mouse retinal sections, while R-20, 2B9, and Antibody Verify AAS63631C were non-specific or below detection.
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Stracina T, Slaninova I, Polanska H, Axmanova M, Olejnickova V, Konecny P, Masarik M, Krizanova O, Novakova M. Long-Term Haloperidol Treatment Prolongs QT Interval and Increases Expression of Sigma 1 and IP3 Receptors in Guinea Pig Hearts. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2015; 236:199-207. [PMID: 26094568 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.236.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
Haloperidol is a neuroleptic drug used for a medication of various psychoses and deliria. Its administration is frequently accompanied by cardiovascular side effects, expressed as QT interval prolongation and occurrence of even lethal arrhythmias. Despite these side effects, haloperidol is still prescribed in Europe in clinical practice. Haloperidol binds to sigma receptors that are coupled with inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) receptors. Sigma receptors are expressed in various tissues, including heart muscle, and they modulate potassium channels. Together with IP3 receptors, sigma receptors are also involved in calcium handling in various tissues. Therefore, the present work aimed to study the effects of long-term haloperidol administration on the cardiac function. Haloperidol (2 mg/kg once a day) or vehiculum was administered by intraperitoneal injection to guinea pigs for 21 consecutive days. We measured the responsiveness of the hearts isolated from the haloperidol-treated animals to additional application of haloperidol. Expression of the sigma 1 receptor and IP3 receptors was studied by real time-PCR and immunohistochemical analyses. Haloperidol treatment caused the significant decrease in the relative heart rate and the prolongation of QT interval of the isolated hearts from the haloperidol-treated animals, compared to the hearts isolated from control animals. The expression of sigma 1 and IP3 type 1 and type 2 receptors was increased in both atria of the haloperidol-treated animals but not in ventricles. The modulation of sigma 1 and IP3 receptors may lead to altered calcium handling in cardiomyocytes and thus contribute to changed sensitivity of cardiac cells to arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tibor Stracina
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University
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Perez-Lloret S, Rey MV, Crispo J, Krewski D, Lapeyre-Mestre M, Montastruc JL, Rascol O. Risk of heart failure following treatment with dopamine agonists in Parkinson's disease patients. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2014; 13:351-60. [PMID: 24547918 DOI: 10.1517/14740338.2014.888057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dopamine agonists (DAs) are frequently used to treat early or advanced Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. They have been shown to be efficacious for the treatment of motor symptoms and for delaying levodopa-induced dyskinesias. However, their utilization is limited by the risk of adverse drug reactions, some of which affect the cardiovascular system. Recently, the US FDA identified a possible association between exposure to pramipexole and the risk of heart failure. AREAS COVERED This article begins by reviewing the pharmacodynamic and cardiovascular effects of DAs on PD patients. Pharmacoepidemiological studies about the association between DAs and heart failure are then evaluated. EXPERT OPINION Four nested case-control studies were reviewed. In general, results showed higher heart failure risk following use of pramipexole or cabergoline. Although the effects of cabergoline may be explained by the induction of cardiac valve fibrosis, the basis for the significantly increased risk associated with pramipexole is unclear. It remains to be determined if these are dose-related effects, at what point they occur during the course of treatment, and if the risk is the same for all patients irrespective of other potential modifying factors, such as age and sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Perez-Lloret
- Hospital and University Paul Sabatier of Toulouse, France and INSERM CIC9023 and UMR 825, Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Neurosciences , Toulouse , France
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Perez-Lloret S, Rey MV, Pavy-Le Traon A, Rascol O. Droxidopa for the treatment of neurogenic orthostatic hypotension and other symptoms of neurodegenerative disorders. Expert Opin Orphan Drugs 2014. [DOI: 10.1517/21678707.2014.901167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Johnson TL, Tulis DA, Keeler BE, Virag JA, Lust RM, Clemens S. The dopamine D3 receptor knockout mouse mimics aging-related changes in autonomic function and cardiac fibrosis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e74116. [PMID: 24023697 PMCID: PMC3758275 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood pressure increases with age, and dysfunction of the dopamine D3 receptor has been implicated in the pathogenesis of hypertension. To evaluate the role of the D3 receptor in aging-related hypertension, we assessed cardiac structure and function in differently aged (2 mo, 1 yr, 2 yr) wild type (WT) and young (2 mo) D3 receptor knockout mice (D3KO). In WT, systolic and diastolic blood pressures and rate-pressure product (RPP) significantly increased with age, while heart rate significantly decreased. Blood pressure values, heart rate and RPP of young D3KO were significantly elevated over age-matched WT, but similar to those of the 2 yr old WT. Echocardiography revealed that the functional measurements of ejection fraction and fractional shortening decreased significantly with age in WT and that they were significantly smaller in D3KO compared to young WT. Despite this functional change however, cardiac morphology remained similar between the age-matched WT and D3KO. Additional morphometric analyses confirmed an aging-related increase in left ventricle (LV) and myocyte cross-sectional areas in WT, but found no difference between age-matched young WT and D3KO. In contrast, interstitial fibrosis, which increased with age in WT, was significantly elevated in the D3KO over age-matched WT, and similar to 2 yr old WT. Western analyses of myocardial homogenates revealed significantly increased levels of pro- and mature collagen type I in young D3KO. Column zymography revealed that activities of myocardial MMP-2 and MMP-9 increased with age in WTs, but in D3KO, only MMP-9 activity was significantly increased over age-matched WTs. Our data provide evidence that the dopamine D3 receptor has a critical role in the emergence of aging-related cardiac fibrosis, remodeling, and dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy L. Johnson
- Brody School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - David A. Tulis
- Brody School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Benjamin E. Keeler
- Brody School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Jitka A. Virag
- Brody School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Robert M. Lust
- Brody School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Stefan Clemens
- Brody School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Yan H, Li WL, Xu JJ, Zhu SQ, Long X, Che JP. D2 dopamine receptor antagonist raclopride induces non-canonical autophagy in cardiac myocytes. J Cell Biochem 2013; 114:103-10. [PMID: 22886761 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.24306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2012] [Accepted: 07/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cell death by autophagy is an important means of maintaining cellular homeostasis in adult cardiac myocytes. Autophagy was previously shown to exert a cardioprotective effect, suggesting that modulation of autophagy pathways is a potential therapeutic strategy in the treatment of heart disease. Although dopamine is known to induce autophagy in neuroblastoma cells, the underlying mechanism and the types of dopamine receptors involved in this process remain unclear. In this study, we used various dopamine receptor antagonists and agonists to identify the specific dopamine receptor that mediates induction of autophagy. We evaluated autophagy induction by the expression of autophagy markers in neonatal rat ventricular cardiac myocytes. We evaluated intracellular calcium levels using Fluo-3/AM and demonstrated autophagy-induced morphological changes in cardiac myocytes using electron microscopy. We also examined the pathway for dopamine-induced autophagy using RNAi-mediated gene knockdown. Raclopride, the well-documented D2 receptor antagonist, significantly upregulated autophagy in cardiac myocytes via an mTOR-independent pathway. There was no difference in intracellular calcium levels between raclopride-treated cells and untreated cells. siRNA-mediated knockdown of Rab9 resulted in decreased expression of autophagy markers in raclopride-treated cells. Interestingly, siRNA-mediated knockdown of Atg7 resulted in a significant increase in Rab9 levels in raclopride-treated cells, suggesting that blocking the classical autophagy pathway results in activation of an alternative pathway. Our study suggests that (1) the D2 dopamine receptor plays a role in autophagy and (2) raclopride mediated a non-canonical autophagy pathway in cardiac myocytes via Rab9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yan
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China
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Palomar AR, Larios BN, De Sánchez VC, Pérez LM, López FDLC, Flores G, Gómez-Villalobos MDJ. Expression and distribution of dopamine transporter in cardiac tissues of the guinea pig. Neurochem Res 2010; 36:399-405. [PMID: 21170736 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-010-0344-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/19/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Dopamine transporter (DAT) is a membrane protein that it is a marker for dopaminergic neurons. In the present work, throught Western blot and autoradiographic studies with a selective ligand for DAT ([(3)H] WIN-35428) and noradrenaline transporter (NET) ([(3)H] Nisoxetine), we search the expression and distribution of DAT in comparison with NET, in cardiac tissue of guinea pig in order to support the presence of dopaminergic nerve cells into the heart. Expression of DAT, and NET were evidenced by a bands of 75 and 54 kDa, respectively in the heart. Binding for DAT and NET were found in the four cardiac chambers. However, DAT show heterogeneous distribution with binding in right atria and in both ventricles, whereas NET show homogenous distribution in the four cardiac chambers. The results show the expression of DAT in cardiac tissues with a different distribution compared with NET, being an evidence for the presence of dopaminergic nerve cells into the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Reynoso Palomar
- Instituto de Fisiología, Universidad Autonoma de Puebla, 14 Sur 6301, San Manuel, CP 72570, Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
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14
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Zeng C, Villar VAM, Yu P, Zhou L, Jose PA. Reactive oxygen species and dopamine receptor function in essential hypertension. Clin Exp Hypertens 2009; 31:156-78. [PMID: 19330604 DOI: 10.1080/10641960802621283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Essential hypertension is a major risk factor for stroke, myocardial infarction, and heart and kidney failure. Dopamine plays an important role in the pathogenesis of hypertension by regulating epithelial sodium transport and by interacting with vasoactive hormones and humoral factors. However, the mechanisms leading to impaired dopamine receptor function in hypertension states are not clear. Compelling experimental evidence indicates a role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in hypertension, and there are increasing pieces of evidence showing that in conditions associated with oxidative stress, which is present in hypertensive states, dopamine receptor effects, such as natriuresis, diuresis, and vasodilation, are impaired. The goal of this review is to present experimental evidence that has led to the conclusion that decreased dopamine receptor function increases ROS activity and vice versa. Decreased dopamine receptor function and increased ROS production, working in concert or independent of each other, contribute to the pathogenesis of essential hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China.
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Zeng C, Armando I, Luo Y, Eisner GM, Felder RA, Jose PA. Dysregulation of dopamine-dependent mechanisms as a determinant of hypertension: studies in dopamine receptor knockout mice. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2008; 294:H551-69. [PMID: 18083900 PMCID: PMC4029502 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.01036.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Dopamine plays an important role in the pathogenesis of hypertension by regulating epithelial sodium transport and by interacting with vasoactive hormones/humoral factors, such as aldosterone, angiotensin, catecholamines, endothelin, oxytocin, prolactin pro-opiomelancortin, reactive oxygen species, renin, and vasopressin. Dopamine receptors are classified into D(1)-like (D(1) and D(5)) and D(2)-like (D(2), D(3), and D(4)) subtypes based on their structure and pharmacology. In recent years, mice deficient in one or more of the five dopamine receptor subtypes have been generated, leading to a better understanding of the physiological role of each of the dopamine receptor subtypes. This review summarizes the results from studies of various dopamine receptor mutant mice on the role of individual dopamine receptor subtypes and their interactions with other G protein-coupled receptors in the regulation of blood pressure.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Blood Pressure/genetics
- Blood Pressure/physiology
- Dopamine/physiology
- Hypertension/genetics
- Hypertension/physiopathology
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Receptors, Dopamine/genetics
- Receptors, Dopamine/physiology
- Receptors, Dopamine D1/genetics
- Receptors, Dopamine D1/physiology
- Receptors, Dopamine D2/genetics
- Receptors, Dopamine D2/physiology
- Receptors, Dopamine D3/genetics
- Receptors, Dopamine D3/physiology
- Receptors, Dopamine D4/genetics
- Receptors, Dopamine D4/physiology
- Receptors, Dopamine D5/genetics
- Receptors, Dopamine D5/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing City 400042, People's Republic of China.
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Torres-Jácome J, Tejeda-Chávez HR, Rodríguez-Menchaca AA, Sánchez-Chapula JA, Navarro-Polanco RA. The D3-dopaminergic agonist 7-hydroxy-dipropylaminotetralin (7-OH-DPAT) increases cardiac action potential duration and blocks human ether-a-go-go-related gene K+ channel. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2006; 47:656-62. [PMID: 16775504 DOI: 10.1097/01.fjc.0000211753.47067.cc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The D3-dopaminergic agonist (+/-) 7-hydroxy-dipropylaminotetralin (7-OH-DPAT) prolonged cycle length and action potential duration, depolarized maximum diastolic potential, and reduced the upstroke velocity of the action potential of rabbit sinoatrial node cells. These effects were not mediated by D3-dopaminergic receptors. In cat Purkinje fibers, the drug increased action potential duration. In voltage-clamped cat ventricular myocytes, 7-OH-DPAT blocked the rapid component of the delayed rectifier potassium current, IKr. This effect was corroborated in experiments studying the effect of the drug on human Ether-a-go-go-related Gene channels expressed in Xenopus oocytes and in HEK293 cells. We conclude that the direct electrophysiologic effects of 7-OH-DPAT on cardiac tissues are caused by the blockade of the rapid component of the delayed rectifier potassium current, IKr.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julián Torres-Jácome
- Instituto de Fisiología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Colima, Col. México
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Polakowski JS, Segreti JA, Cox BF, Hsieh GC, Kolasa T, Moreland RB, Brioni JD. Effects of selective dopamine receptor subtype agonists on cardiac contractility and regional haemodynamics in rats. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2005; 31:837-41. [PMID: 15659045 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1681.2004.04095.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
1. Activation of dopamine (DA) receptors produces cardiovascular responses such as vasodilation and hypotension. However, knowledge of the role of specific dopamine receptor subtypes (especially D3 and D4) in the cardiovascular system is limited. The objective of the present study was to characterize the haemodynamic and cardiac responses to agonists with selectivity for D1, D2, D3 and D4 receptor subtypes. 2. Inactin-anaesthetized rats were instrumented to measure regional haemodynamic and cardiac contractility responses with slow intravenous infusion of agonists. 3. Fenoldopam (a D1 receptor agonist) decreased (P < 0.05) renal vascular resistance beginning at a dose of 3 micromol/kg. Infusion of PNU-95666E (a D2 receptor agonist) produced dose-dependent decreases (P < 0.05) in mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR) and hindquarter vascular resistance (HQVR). Administration of BP897 (a partial D3 receptor agonist) decreased (P < 0.05) MAP and HQVR at 3 micromol/kg. PD168077 (a D4 receptor agonist) caused significant increases in HQVR at 1 micromol/kg. None of the compounds tested elicited significant changes in cardiac contractility. 4. Using selective agonists of dopamine receptor subtypes, the present studies characterize distinct cardiovascular effects in anaesthetized rats. Consistent with its well-defined effects as a D1 receptor agonist, fenoldopam administration resulted in renal vasodilation. Similar to earlier studies using the non-selective D2-like receptor agonist quinpirole, selective agonism at the D2 receptor using PNU-95666E resulted in bradycardia, hindquarter vasodilation and decreases in arterial pressure. Partial agonism at the D3 receptor with BP897 had no effect on heart rate, but did produce depressor responses driven by decreases in HQVR. Conversely, agonism of the D4 receptor using PD168077 resulted in modest hindquarter vasoconstriction that was not dose dependent. Hence, by comparison, agonism of the D4 receptor has little effect in the cardiovascular system of the rat relative to the other dopamine receptor subtype agonists tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- James S Polakowski
- Pharmaceutical Discovery, Global Pharmaceutical R&D, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064-6119, USA.
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