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Lam HYP, Liang TR, Peng SY. Prevention of the Pro-Aggressive Effects of Ethanol-Intoxicated Mice by Schisandrin B. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081909. [PMID: 37111128 PMCID: PMC10146817 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive alcohol consumption can lead to serious health complications, with liver and neurological complications being the most important. In Western nations, alcoholic liver disease accounts for 50% of mortality from end-stage liver disease and is the second most common cause of liver transplants. In addition to direct damage, hepatic encephalopathy may also arise from alcohol consumption. However, effective treatment for liver disease, as well as neurological injury, is still lacking today; therefore, finding an efficacious alternative is urgently needed. In the current study, the preventive and therapeutic effects of Schisandrin B (Sch B) against ethanol-induced liver and brain injuries were investigated. By using two treatment models, our findings indicated that Sch B can effectively prevent and ameliorate alcoholic liver diseases, such as resolving liver injuries, lipid deposition, inflammasome activation, and fibrosis. Moreover, Sch B reverses brain damage and improves the neurological function of ethanol-treated mice. Therefore, Sch B may serve as a potential treatment option for liver diseases, as well as subsequential brain injuries. Furthermore, Sch B may be useful in preventive drug therapy against alcohol-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Yin Pekkle Lam
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Ruei Liang
- PhD Program in Pharmacology and Toxicology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Yi Peng
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan
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2
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Natural Reno-Protective Agents against Cyclosporine A-Induced Nephrotoxicity: An Overview. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27227771. [PMID: 36431872 PMCID: PMC9693876 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
CA (cyclosporine A) is a powerful immunosuppressing agent that is commonly utilized for treating various autoimmune illnesses and in transplantation surgery. However, its usage has been significantly restricted because of its unwanted effects, including nephrotoxicity. The pathophysiology of CA-induced kidney injury involves inflammation, apoptosis, tubular injury, oxidative stress, and vascular injury. Despite the fact that exact mechanism accountable for CA's effects is inadequately understood, ROS (reactive oxygen species) involvement has been widely proposed. At present, there are no efficient methods or drugs for treating CA-caused kidney damage. It is noteworthy that diverse natural products have been investigated both in vivo and in-vitro for their possible preventive potential in CA-produced nephrotoxicity. Various extracts and natural metabolites have been found to possess a remarkable potential for restoring CA-produced renal damage and oxidative stress alterations via their anti-apoptosis, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidative potentials. The present article reviews the reported studies that assess the protective capacity of natural products, as well as dietary regimens, in relation to CA-induced nephrotoxicity. Thus, the present study presents novel ideas for designing and developing more efficient prophylactic or remedial strategies versus CA passive influences.
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Kopustinskiene DM, Bernatoniene J. Antioxidant Effects of Schisandra chinensis Fruits and Their Active Constituents. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10040620. [PMID: 33919588 PMCID: PMC8073495 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10040620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Schisandra chinensis Turcz. (Baill.) fruits, their extracts, and bioactive compounds are used in alternative medicine as adaptogens and ergogens protecting against numerous neurological, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, liver, and skin disorders. S. chinensis fruit extracts and their active compounds are potent antioxidants and mitoprotectors exerting anti-inflammatory, antiviral, anticancer, and anti-aging effects. S. chinensis polyphenolic compounds-flavonoids, phenolic acids and the major constituents dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans are responsible for the S. chinensis antioxidant activities. This review will focus on the direct and indirect antioxidant effects of S. chinensis fruit extract and its bioactive compounds in the cells during normal and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia M. Kopustinskiene
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu pr. 13, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Jurga Bernatoniene
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu pr. 13, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania;
- Department of Drug Technology and Social Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu pr. 13, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Correspondence:
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Albendazole-Schisandrin B Co-Therapy on Angiostrongylus cantonensis-Induced Meningoencephalitis in Mice. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10071001. [PMID: 32635653 PMCID: PMC7407957 DOI: 10.3390/biom10071001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, Angiostrongylus cantonensis infections are predominantly treated with albendazole. However, the use of albendazole can provoke certain neurological symptoms as a result of the immune response triggered by the dead worms. Therefore, treatment usually involves co-administration of corticosteroids to limit the inflammatory reaction. Corticosteroids play a useful role in suppressing inflammation in the brain; however, long-term usage or high dosage may make it problematic.Schisandrin B, an active ingredient from Schisandra chinensis, has been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects on the brain. This study aimed to investigate the effects and potential of schisandrin B in combination with albendazole to treat Angiostrongylus-induced meningoencephalitis. Here, we show that albendazole-schisandrin B co-treatment suppressed neuroinflammation in Angiostrongylus-infected mice and increased the survival of the mice. Accordingly, albendazole-schisandrin B co-treatment significantly inhibited inflammasome activation, pyroptosis, and apoptosis. The sensorimotor functions of the mice were also repaired after albendazole-schisandrin B treatment. Immune response was shown to shift from Th2 to Th1, which reduces inflammation and enhances immunity against A. cantonensis. Collectively, our study showed that albendazole-schisandrin B co-therapy may be used as an encouraging treatment for Angiostrongylus-induced meningoencephalitis.
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Cao G, Li S, Shi H, Yin P, Chen J, Li H, Zhong Y, Diao LT, Du B. Schisandrin B attenuates renal fibrosis via miR-30e-mediated inhibition of EMT. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019; 385:114769. [PMID: 31697999 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.114769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tubulointerstitial fibrosis (TIF) is the main pathologic feature of end-stage renal disease. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of proximal tubular cells (PTCs) is one of the most significant features of TIF. MicroRNAs play critical roles during EMT in TIF. However, whether miRNAs can be used as therapeutic targets in TIF therapy remains undetermined. We found that miR-30e, a member of the miR-30 family, is deregulated in TGF-β1-induced PTCs, TIF mice and human fibrotic kidney tissues. Moreover, transcription factors that induce EMT, such as snail, slug, and Zeb2, were direct targets of miR-30e. Using a cell-based miR-30e promoter luciferase reporter system, Schisandrin B (Sch B) was selected for the enhancement of miR-30e transcriptional activity. Our results indicate that Sch B can decrease the expression of snail, slug, and Zeb2, thereby attenuating the EMT of PTCs during TIF by upregulating miR-30e, both in vivo and in vitro. This study shows that miR-30e can serve as a therapeutic target in the treatment of patients with TIF and that Sch B may potentially be used in therapy against renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangxu Cao
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Hezhan Shi
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Peidi Yin
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jialing Chen
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Huifeng Li
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Ying Zhong
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Li-Ting Diao
- Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
| | - Bin Du
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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Hu XL, Guo C, Hou JQ, Feng JH, Zhang XQ, Xiong F, Ye WC, Wang H. Stereoisomers of Schisandrin B Are Potent ATP Competitive GSK-3β Inhibitors with Neuroprotective Effects against Alzheimer's Disease: Stereochemistry and Biological Activity. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:996-1007. [PMID: 29944335 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) is a key enzyme in hyperphosphorylation of tau proteins and is a promising therapeutic target in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here, we reported, for the first time, that the stereoisomers of Schisandrin B (Sch B), (+)-1, (-)-1, (+)-2, and (-)-2, were potent GSK-3β inhibitors. They were demonstrated to selectively target GSK-3β in an orthosteric binding mode, with IC50 values of 340, 290, 80, and 70 nM, respectively. Further study showed that these stereoisomers can significantly increase the expression of p-GSK-3β (Ser9) and decrease the expressions of p-GSK-3β (Tyr216) and p-GSK-3β (Tyr279). Finally, these compounds can alleviate the cell injury induced by Aβ, and the cognitive disorders in AD mice, especially (+)-2 and (-)-2. Collectively, the stereoisomers of Sch B, especially (+)-2 and (-)-2, were found to be potential selective ATP-competitive GSK-3β inhibitors, which further affected their anti-AD effects. These promising findings explained the biological target of Sch B in AD, and bring a new understanding in the stereochemistry and bioactivities of Sch B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Long Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy. China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cui Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy. China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ji-Qin Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy. China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jia-Hao Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy. China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Qi Zhang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fei Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen-Cai Ye
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy. China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People’s Republic of China
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Kortesoja M, Karhu E, Olafsdottir ES, Freysdottir J, Hanski L. Impact of dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans from Schisandra chinensis on the redox status and activation of human innate immune system cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 131:309-317. [PMID: 30578916 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Redox signaling has been established as an essential component of inflammatory responses, and redox active compounds are of interest as potential immunomodulatory agents. Dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans isolated from Schisandra chinensis, a medicinal plant with widespread use in oriental medicine, have been implicated to possess immunomodulatory properties but their effects on the human innate immune system cells have not been described. In this contribution, data are presented on the impact of schisandrin, schisandrin B and schisandrin C on human monocytic cell redox status, as well as their impact on dendritic cell maturation and T cell activation capacity and cytokine production. In THP-1 cells, levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) were elevated after 1 h exposure to schisandrin. Schisandrin B and schisandrin C decreased cellular glutathione pools, which is a phenotype previously reported to promote anti-inflammatory functions. Treatment of human primary monocytes with the lignans during their maturation to dendritic cells did not have any effect on the appearance of surface markers HLA-DR and CD86 but schisandrin B and schisandrin C suppressed the secretion of cytokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10 and IL-12 by the mature dendritic cells. Dendritic cells maturated in presence of schisandrin C were further cocultured with naïve CD4+ T cells, resulting in reduced IL-12 production. In THP-1 cells, schisandrin B and schisandrin C reduced the IL-6 and IL-12 production triggered by E. coli lipopolysaccharide and IL-12 production induced by an infection with Chlamydia pneumoniae. In conclusion, the studied lignans act as immunomodulatory agents by altering the cytokine secretion, but do not interfere with dendritic cell maturation. And the observed effects may be associated with the ability of the lignans to alter cellular redox status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarit Kortesoja
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Elina Karhu
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Elin Soffia Olafsdottir
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Hofsvallagata 53, 107 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Jona Freysdottir
- Department of Immunology and Center for Rheumatology Research, Landspitali-The National University Hospital of Iceland and Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Eiriksgata, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Leena Hanski
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland.
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Qin JH, Lin JR, Ding WF, Wu WH. Schisandrin B Improves the Renal Function of IgA Nephropathy Rats Through Inhibition of the NF-κB Signalling Pathway. Inflammation 2018; 42:884-894. [DOI: 10.1007/s10753-018-0943-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Pradhan J, Mohanty C, Sahoo SK. Protective efficacy of crocetin and its nanoformulation against cyclosporine A-mediated toxicity in human embryonic kidney cells. Life Sci 2018; 216:39-48. [PMID: 30444987 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study is aimed to formulate crocetin-loaded lipid Nanoparticles (NPs) and to evaluate its antioxidant properties in a cyclosporine A-mediated toxicity in Human Embryonic Kidney (HEK-293) cells in vitro. MAIN METHODS Crocetin-loaded NPs were prepared followed by physicochemical characterization. In vitro protective efficacy of crocetin and crocetin loaded NPs was investigated in cyclosporine A-mediated toxicity in HEK-293 cells by assessing free radical scavenging, DNA Nicking, cytotoxicity, intracellular Reactive oxygen species (ROS) inhibition, Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMPs) loss and evaluating the activity and expression of antioxidant enzymes and non-enzyme level. Further, we have studied the mechanism of protective activity of crocetin either native or in NPs by studying the expression of phase II detoxifying proteins (HO-1) via Nrf2 mediated regulation. KEY FINDINGS Our results showed that pretreatment with crocetin and crocetin-loaded NPs attenuated the cyclosporine A-mediated toxicity, ROS production and exhibited enhance free radical scavenging ability and cytoprotective activity. Further, the treatment prevented MMPs loss by directly scavenging the ROS and restored the antioxidant enzyme network with normalization of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression by inhibiting nuclear translocation of Nrf2. SIGNIFICANCE Pretreatment of crocetin and crocetin-loaded NPs provided pronounce protective effect against cyclosporine A-mediated toxicity in HEK-293 cells by nullifying the ROS formation and restored antioxidant network through inhibition of Nrf2 translocation and followed by expression of HO-1. Such an approach may be anticipated to be beneficial for antioxidant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyotsnarani Pradhan
- Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India; P.G. Department of Biotechnology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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Tao YS, Piao SG, Jin YS, Jin JZ, Zheng HL, Zhao HY, Lim SW, Yang CW, Li C. Expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in kidneys from normal and cyclosporine-treated rats. BMC Nephrol 2018. [PMID: 29540150 PMCID: PMC5853162 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-018-0852-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulating evidence suggests that a decrease in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) level induces a variety of psychiatric and neurological disorders. However, the expression and role of BDNF in the kidney have not been explored. The present study examined the expression of BDNF and tropomyosin-related kinase (Trk) receptors in an experimental model of chronic cyclosporine A (CsA) nephropathy. METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats on a salt-deplete diet were treated daily for four weeks with vehicle or CsA. Urine profiles, apoptotic cell death, oxidative stress (8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, 8-OHdG), and expression of BDNF and Trk receptors (TrkB and TrkC) were compared between groups. The impact of vasopressin infusion on the urine-concentrating ability was examined by measuring the expression of aquaporin-2 (AQP-2) and BDNF and urine profiles in normal and CsA-treated rats. RESULTS Compared with the vehicle-treated rats, rats given CsA had enhanced urine volume and declined urine osmolality. Immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting showed that BDNF and Trk receptors were constitutively expressed in kidneys from vehicle-treated rats. This was confirmed by double immunofluorescent staining for Na-K-ATPase-α1, AQP-1, and AQP-2. By contrast, the expression of these factors decreased in kidneys from CsA-treated rats (BDNF: 51.1 ± 19.5% vs. 102.0 ± 30.3%, p < 0.01). Downregulation of BDNF was accompanied by impairment of urine osmolality, and this was reversed by exogenous infusion of vasopressin. Notably, the number of TUNEL-positive cells correlated negatively with BDNF expression and positively with urinary 8-OHdG excretion. CONCLUSIONS BDNF is expressed in the collecting duct of the kidney and may be associated with urine-concentrating ability in an experimental model of chronic CsA-induced nephropathy. Our study provides a new avenue for further investigation of chronic CsA nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Sheng Tao
- Department of Nephrology, Yanbian University Hospital, #1327 Juzi St., Yanji, 133000, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shang Guo Piao
- Department of Nephrology, Yanbian University Hospital, #1327 Juzi St., Yanji, 133000, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Shun Jin
- Department of Nephrology, Yanbian University Hospital, #1327 Juzi St., Yanji, 133000, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji Zhe Jin
- Department of Nephrology, Yanbian University Hospital, #1327 Juzi St., Yanji, 133000, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai Lan Zheng
- Department of Nephrology, Yanbian University Hospital, #1327 Juzi St., Yanji, 133000, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai Yan Zhao
- Health Examination Center, Yanbian University Hospital, #1327 Juzi St., Yanji, 133000, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Sun Woo Lim
- Transplant Research Center, Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic Disease, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chul Woo Yang
- Transplant Research Center, Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic Disease, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Can Li
- Department of Nephrology, Yanbian University Hospital, #1327 Juzi St., Yanji, 133000, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China.
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Xie J, Yong Y, Dong X, Du J, Guo Z, Gong L, Zhu S, Tian G, Yu S, Gu Z, Zhao Y. Therapeutic Nanoparticles Based on Curcumin and Bamboo Charcoal Nanoparticles for Chemo-Photothermal Synergistic Treatment of Cancer and Radioprotection of Normal Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:14281-14291. [PMID: 28381089 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b02622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Low water solubility, extensive metabolism, and drug resistance are the existing unavoidable disadvantages of the insoluble drug curcumin in biomedical applications. Herein, we employed d-α-tocopherol polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS)-functionalized near-infrared (NIR)-triggered photothermal mesoporous nanocarriers with bamboo charcoal nanoparticles (TPGS-BCNPs) to load and deliver curcumin for improving its bioavailability. This system could considerably increase the accumulation of curcumin in cancer cells for enhanced curcumin bioavailability via simultaneously promoting the cellular internalization of the as-synthesized composite (TPGS-BCNPs@curcumin) by the size effect of NPs and considerably triggering controlled curcumin release from TPGS-BCNPs@curcumin by NIR stimulation and reducing efflux of curcumin by the P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibition of TPGS, so as to enhance the therapeutic effect of curcumin and realize a better chemo-photothermal synergetic therapy in vitro and in vivo. Besides cancer therapy, studies indicated that curcumin and some carbon materials could be used as radical scavengers that play an important role in the radioprotection of normal cells. Hence, we also investigated the free-radical-scavenging ability of the TPGS-BCNPs@curcumin composite in vitro to preliminarily evaluate its radioprotection ability for healthy tissues. Therefore, our work provides a multifunctional delivery system for curcumin bioavailability enhancement, chemo-photothermal synergetic therapy of cancer, and radioprotection of healthy tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiani Xie
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science , Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuan Yong
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science , Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xinghua Dong
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science , Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiangfeng Du
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection & School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Zhao Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science , Beijing 100049, China
| | - Linji Gong
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science , Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shuang Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
| | - Gan Tian
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Third Military Medical University , Gaotanyan 30, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Shicang Yu
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Third Military Medical University , Gaotanyan 30, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Zhanjun Gu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science , Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuliang Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science , Beijing 100049, China
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Lai Q, Wei J, Mahmoodurrahman M, Zhang C, Quan S, Li T, Yu Y. Pharmacokinetic and nephroprotective benefits of using Schisandra chinensis extracts in a cyclosporine A-based immune-suppressive regime. Drug Des Devel Ther 2015; 9:4997-5018. [PMID: 26355803 PMCID: PMC4560515 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s89876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclosporine A (CsA) is a powerful immunosuppressive drug. However, nephrotoxicity resulting from its long-term usage has hampered its prolonged therapeutic usage. Schisandra chinensis extracts (SCE) have previously been used in traditional Chinese medicine and more recently coadministered with Western medicine for the treatment of CsA-induced side effects in the People’s Republic of China. This study aimed to investigate the possible effects of SCE on the pharmacokinetics of CsA in rats and elucidate the potential mechanisms by which it hinders the development of CsA-induced nephrotoxicity. A liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for determining the effect of SCE on the pharmacokinetics of CsA. Male Sprague Dawley rats, which were administered with CsA (25 mg/kg/d) alone or in combination with SCE (54 mg/kg/d and 108 mg/kg/d) for 28 days, were used to evaluate the nephroprotective effects of SCE. Our study showed that SCE increased the mean blood concentration of CsA. Furthermore, we found that the concomitant administration of SCE alongside CsA prevented the disruption of catalase activity and reduction in creatinine, urea, renal malondialdehyde, and glutathione peroxidase levels that would have otherwise occurred in the absence of SCE administration. SCE treatment markedly suppressed the expression of 4-hydroxynonenal, Bcl-2-associated X protein, cleaved caspase 3, and autophagy-related protein LC3 A/B. On the other hand, the expression of heme oxygenase-1, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and P-glycoprotein was enhanced by the very same addition of SCE. SCE was also able to increase the systemic exposure of CsA in rats. The renoprotective effects of SCE were thought to be mediated by its antiapoptotic and antioxidant abilities, which caused the attenuation of CsA-induced autophagic cell death. All in all, these findings suggest the prospective use of SCE as an effective adjunct in a CsA-based immunosuppressive regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Lai
- Department of Formulas of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiabao Wei
- Department of Formulas of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Chenxue Zhang
- Department of Formulas of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shijian Quan
- Department of Formulas of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Tongming Li
- Department of Formulas of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Formulas of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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França FD, Ferreira AF, Lara RC, Rossoni JV, Costa DC, Moraes KCM, Gomes DA, Tagliati CA, Chaves MM. Role of protein kinase A signaling pathway in cyclosporine nephrotoxicity. Toxicol Mech Methods 2014; 24:369-76. [DOI: 10.3109/15376516.2014.920447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Xie H, Liu J, Yu M, Wang Y, Yao C, Yao S, Jin D, Hu D, Wang Y, Shen J, Pan S. Structure-activity relationship of 39 analogs of laetispicine with antidepressant properties. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2014; 41:1377-92. [PMID: 24228607 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x13500924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The natural product Laetispicine ( N -isobutyl-(3,4-methylendioxyphenyl)-2E, 4E, 9E-undecatrienoamide), was isolated from the Piper laetispicum C. DC and screened, for its antidepressant activity and antinociceptive effects. Structure-functional activities of five natural products indicated that biological activity is dependent on double bonds present within the benzene ring and a conjugated double bond located at positions 2-3 and 4-5 in the molecular structure. To further understand the structural-activity relationship of Laetispicine as a new potent and safe antidepressant, the structural-activity relationship of 39 analogs of Laetispicine were synthetized and tested in forced swimming tests in mice whilst also in protective effects against glutamate or H 2 O 2 induced apoptosis in PC12 cells. The results show that the compound 30 - N -isobutyl-11-(4-chlorophenyl) undeca-2E,4E,9E-trienamide exhibited the same activity as the parental compound Laetispicine, and furthermore, the effective dose of this compound is lower than Laetispicine. Therefore, the compound 30 might be a potentially useful therapy in the treatment of depression. For structure, the conjugated double bonds located at 2-3, 4-5 and isolated double bonds from benzene ring are necessary for the antidepressant activities no matter the different length of carbon chain; the isobutyl connected with acylamino also are necessary; and the benzodioxole moiety is replaceable, the halogen atom in phenyl ring at the para-position could enhance this kind of activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
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Bunel V, Antoine MH, Nortier J, Duez P, Stévigny C. Protective effects of schizandrin and schizandrin B towards cisplatin nephrotoxicity in vitro. J Appl Toxicol 2013; 34:1311-9. [PMID: 24155209 DOI: 10.1002/jat.2951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Revised: 09/14/2013] [Accepted: 09/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Renal proximal tubular epithelial cells are the main targets of toxic drugs such as cisplatin (CisPt), an alkylating agent indicated for the treatment of solid organ tumors. Current techniques aiming at reducing nephrotoxicity in patients receiving CisPt are still not satisfactory as they can only partially prevent acute kidney injury. New nephroprotective strategies remain to be developed. In the present in vitro study, schizandrin (Schi) and schizandrin B (Schi B), major phytochemicals from Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. fruits, were tested on HK-2 cells along four processes that could help alleviate CisPt toxicity. Results indicated that: (i) both Schi and Schi B enhanced cell survival via reducing apoptosis rate; (ii) only Schi showed moderate effects towards modulation of regeneration capacities of healthy cells; (iii) both Schi and Schi B limited extracellular matrix deposition; and (iv) both compounds could help preventing dedifferentiation processes via the β-catenin pathway. Schi and Schi B present promising activities for future development of protective agents against CisPt nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérian Bunel
- Laboratory of Experimental Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium; Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Bromatology and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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Panossian A, Hamm R, Kadioglu O, Wikman G, Efferth T. Synergy and Antagonism of Active Constituents of ADAPT-232 on Transcriptional Level of Metabolic Regulation of Isolated Neuroglial Cells. Front Neurosci 2013; 7:16. [PMID: 23430930 PMCID: PMC3576868 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2013.00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2012] [Accepted: 02/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene expression profiling was performed on the human neuroglial cell line T98G after treatment with adaptogen ADAPT-232 and its constituents – extracts of Eleutherococcus senticosus root, Schisandra chinensis berry, and Rhodiola rosea root as well as several constituents individually, namely, eleutheroside E, schizandrin B, salidroside, triandrin, and tyrosol. A common feature for all tested adaptogens was their effect on G-protein-coupled receptor signaling pathways, i.e., cAMP, phospholipase C (PLC), and phosphatidylinositol signal transduction pathways. Adaptogens may reduce the cAMP level in brain cells by down-regulation of adenylate cyclase gene ADC2Y and up-regulation of phosphodiesterase gene PDE4D that is essential for energy homeostasis as well as for switching from catabolic to anabolic states and vice versa. Down-regulation of cAMP by adaptogens may decrease cAMP-dependent protein kinase A activity in various cells resulting in inhibition stress-induced catabolic transformations and saving of ATP for many ATP-dependant metabolic transformations. All tested adaptogens up-regulated the PLCB1 gene, which encodes phosphoinositide-specific PLC and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (PI3Ks), key players for the regulation of NF-κB-mediated defense responses. Other common targets of adaptogens included genes encoding ERα estrogen receptor (2.9–22.6 fold down-regulation), cholesterol ester transfer protein (5.1–10.6 fold down-regulation), heat shock protein Hsp70 (3.0–45.0 fold up-regulation), serpin peptidase inhibitor (neuroserpin), and 5-HT3 receptor of serotonin (2.2–6.6 fold down-regulation). These findings can be reconciled with the observed beneficial effects of adaptogens in behavioral, mental, and aging-associated disorders. Combining two or more active substances in one mixture significantly changes deregulated genes profiles: synergetic interactions result in activation of genes that none of the individual substances affected, while antagonistic interactions result in suppression some genes activated by individual substances. These interactions can have an influence on transcriptional control of metabolic regulation both on the cellular level and the level of the whole organism. Merging of deregulated genes array profiles and intracellular networks is specific to the new substance with unique pharmacological characteristics. Presumably, this phenomenon could be used to eliminate undesirable effects (e.g., toxic effects) and increase the selectivity of pharmacological intervention.
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