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Jin J, Xu X, Wang X, Chen B, Miao Y, Chen Z, Yan D, Qiu F. Development and validation of a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for simultaneous quantification of eight Xiakucao Oral liquid-related compounds in rat plasma and its application in pharmacokinetic study. Biomed Chromatogr 2024; 38:e5902. [PMID: 38922974 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Xiakucao Oral Liquid (XKCOL) has been widely used for treating mammary gland hyperplasia and goiter in China. However, its pharmacokinetic data have been missing to date. To conduct its pharmacokinetic study, we established an LC-tandem mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous determination of eight XKCOL-related compounds in rat plasma. Liquid-liquid extraction was used for the sampling process. Chromatographic separation was performed on a Phenomenon Luna C18 column with a mobile phase of methanol and 2 mM ammonium acetate, using gradient elution at a flow rate of 0.8 mL/min. Detection was performed in the multiple reaction monitoring mode using negative electrospray ionization (ESI-) with optimized MS parameters. Endogenous substances and carryover did not interfere in the detection of analytes. The calibration curves showed a good linear relationship within the linear ranges. The intra- and inter-batch accuracy and precision were 94.8%-110.0% and ≤11.2%, respectively. There was no significant matrix effect and the recovery was reproducible. The dilution of samples did not affect the accuracy and precision. The solution and plasma samples were stable under the various test conditions. The major components of XKCOL absorbed into the blood were salvianic acid A and rosmarinic acid. They demonstrated linear kinetics over the dose range used in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Jin
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoqing Xu
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinwei Wang
- Department of Medicine, Guiyang XinTian Pharmaceutical Co., LTD, Guiyang, China
- Department of Medicine, Haitian Medical Technology Co., LTD, Shanghai, China
| | - Biao Chen
- Department of Medicine, Guiyang XinTian Pharmaceutical Co., LTD, Guiyang, China
- Department of Medicine, Haitian Medical Technology Co., LTD, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingying Miao
- Department of Medicine, Guiyang XinTian Pharmaceutical Co., LTD, Guiyang, China
- Department of Medicine, Haitian Medical Technology Co., LTD, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongguo Chen
- Department of Medicine, Haitian Medical Technology Co., LTD, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongming Yan
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Furong Qiu
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Ning N, Nan Y, Chen G, Huang S, Lu D, Yang Y, Meng F, Yuan L. Anti-Tumor Effects and Toxicity Reduction Mechanisms of Prunella vulgaris: A Comprehensive Review. Molecules 2024; 29:1843. [PMID: 38675663 PMCID: PMC11052495 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate and systematically describe the mechanism of action of Prunella vulgaris (P. vulgaris) against digestive system tumors and related toxicity reduction. METHODS This study briefly describes the history of medicinal food and the pharmacological effects of P. vulgaris, focusing on the review of the anti-digestive tumor effects of the active ingredients of P. vulgaris and the mechanism of its toxicity reduction. RESULTS The active ingredients of P. vulgaris may exert anti-tumor effects by inducing the apoptosis of cancer cells, inhibiting angiogenesis, inhibiting the migration and invasion of tumor cells, and inhibiting autophagy. In addition, P. vulgaris active ingredients inhibit the release of inflammatory factors and macrophages and increase the level of indicators of oxidative stress through the modulation of target genes in the pathway to achieve the effect of toxicity reduction. CONCLUSION The active ingredients in the medicine food homology plant P. vulgaris not only treat digestive system tumors through different mechanisms but also reduce the toxic effects. P. vulgaris is worthy of being explored more deeply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Ning
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (N.N.); (G.C.); (S.H.)
| | - Yi Nan
- Key Laboratory of Ningxia Ethnomedicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China;
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (D.L.); (Y.Y.); (F.M.)
| | - Guoqing Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (N.N.); (G.C.); (S.H.)
| | - Shicong Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (N.N.); (G.C.); (S.H.)
| | - Doudou Lu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (D.L.); (Y.Y.); (F.M.)
| | - Yating Yang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (D.L.); (Y.Y.); (F.M.)
| | - Fandi Meng
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (D.L.); (Y.Y.); (F.M.)
| | - Ling Yuan
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (N.N.); (G.C.); (S.H.)
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Si T, Huang L, Liang T, Huang P, Zhang H, Zhang M, Zhou X. Ruangan Lidan decoction inhibits the growth and metastasis of liver cancer by downregulating miR-9-5p and upregulating PDK4. Cancer Biol Ther 2023; 24:2246198. [PMID: 37773732 PMCID: PMC10543352 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2023.2246198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A growing number of studies have suggested that traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) plays an essential role in the development and occurrence of liver cancer. However, the function of Ruangan Lidan decoction (RLD) in liver cancer are not yet adequately identified and manifested, which attracted our attention. The key genes related to liver cancer and RLD and the upstream miRNAs of PDK4 were obtained based on bioinformatics analysis, followed by verification of the targeting relationship between miR-9-5p and PDK4. Next, Huh7 cells were treated with RLD to detect cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis by multiple assays with gain- and loss-of-function experiments. Moreover, subcutaneous transplanted tumor model and lung metastasis model of liver cancer in nude mice were established to further verify the functional role of RLD in liver cancer growth and metastasis via miR-9-5p/PDK4 axis. Bioinformatics analysis found that PDK4 and miR-9-5p were related to liver cancer, and PDK4 may be a downstream regulator of RLD. miR-9-5p could target and inhibit PDK4. In vitro cell experiments demonstrated that RLD suppressed liver cancer cell proliferation, invasion and migration, and promoted apoptosis by inhibiting miR-9-5p expression and promoting PDK4 expression. In vivo animal experiments further confirmed that RLD inhibited liver cancer growth and metastasis via upregulation of miR-9-5p-dependent PDK4. RLD downregulated miR-9-5p and upregulated PDK4 to inhibit the proliferation, migration, invasion, and induce apoptosis, thereby suppressing the growth and metastasis of liver cancer, highlighting a potential novel target for treatment of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Si
- Department of Oncology, Liuzhou Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital, Liuzhou, China
| | - Liyin Huang
- Graduate school, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Ting Liang
- Graduate school, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Ping Huang
- Department of Oncology, Liuzhou Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital, Liuzhou, China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Liuzhou Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital, Liuzhou, China
| | - Mingmin Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Liuzhou Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital, Liuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoling Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Liuzhou Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital, Liuzhou, China
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An in vivo and in vitro assessment of the anti-breast cancer activity of crude extract and fractions from Prunella vulgaris L. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11183. [PMCID: PMC9636486 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Prunella vulgaris L.(P. vulgaris) is a perennial herb belonging to the Labiate family and widely distributed in China, Japan, Korea and Europe. Medical monographs and previous studies have shown that P. vulgaris has significant anti-breast cancer activity, and its use in breast treatment has a long history. However, systematically reports about the material basis and mechanism of P. vulgaris on anti-breast cancer activity are limited. In the present study, we first screened the best active fraction from the crude extract (PVE) and ethanol eluted fractions of P. vulgaris by using MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, 4T1 cell models in vitro and a 4T1-BALB/c transplanted tumour mouse breast cancer model in vivo. Furthermore, the anti-breast cancer mechanism of the best active fraction was investigated. The results demonstrated that PVE and ethanol fractions exhibited anti-breast cancer activity, especially with the 50% ethanol eluted fraction (PV50), which effectively regulated the 4T1 cell cycle, inhibited tumour cell proliferation, and promoted cancer cell apoptosis. In case of in vivo assays, PV50 inhibited tumour growth and lung metastasis, as well as inducing cell apoptosis by promoting damage of nuclear DNA and increasing expression of cleaved caspase-3. In addition, the chemical compositions of PV50 were analyzed by HPLC and UPLC-MS/MS, which were identified as flavonoids, moderately polar triterpenes, and a small amount of phenolic acid. The PV50 could be applied as natural sources against breast cancer in the pharmaceutical industry. These findings provide a basis for understanding the mechanism of the anti-breast cancer activity of P. vulgaris.
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Pan J, Wang H, Chen Y. Prunella vulgaris L. – A Review of its Ethnopharmacology, Phytochemistry, Quality Control and Pharmacological Effects. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:903171. [PMID: 35814234 PMCID: PMC9261270 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.903171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Prunella vulgaris L. (PVL) is dried fruit spike of Lamiacea plant Prunella vulgaris L., which is a perennial herb with medicinal and edible homology used for thousands of years. PVL is bitter, acrid, cold, and belongs to the liver and gallbladder meridians. It clears the liver and dissipate fire, improve vision, disperse swelling, and has satisfactory clinical therapeutic effects on many diseases such as photophobia, dizziness, scrofula, goiter, breast cancer. The collection of information and data related to PVL comes from literatures retrieved and collated from various online scientific databases (such as CNKI, VIP, PubMed, Web of Science, Research Gate, Science Database), ancient books of traditional chinese medicine (Encyclopedia of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Classics of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine), and Doctoral and Master’s Dissertations. Currently, the major chemical constituents isolated and identified from PVL are triterpenoids, steroids, flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, organic acids, volatile oils and polysaccharides. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that PVL has a wide range of pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, antibacterial and antiviral effects, as well as immune regulation, antihypertensive, hypoglycemic, lipid-lowering, antioxidant, free radical scavenging, liver protection, sedative and hypnotic effects. This paper reviewes the botany, ethnopharmacology, traditional application, phytochemistry, analytical methods, quality control, pharmacological effects of PVL. It can be used not only as medicine, but also gradually integrated into the “medicine and food homology” and “Chinese medicine health” boom. More importantly, it has great potential for drug resources development. This paper deeply discusses the shortcomings of current PVL research, and proposes corresponding solutions, in order to find a breakthrough point for PVL research in the future. At the same time, it is necessary to further strengthen the research on its medicinal chemistry, mechanism of action and clinical application efficacy in the future, and strive to extract, purify and synthesize effective components with high efficiency and low toxicity, so as to improve the safety and rationality of clinical medication.
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Özbek O, Saglam B, Usta NC, Budak Y. GC–MS analysis and anti–microbial activity of Prunella vulgaris L. extracts. J INDIAN CHEM SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2022.100460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Song YG, Kang L, Tian S, Cui LL, Li Y, Bai M, Fang XY, Cao LH, Coleman K, Miao MS. Study on the anti-hepatocarcinoma effect and molecular mechanism of Prunella vulgaris total flavonoids. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 273:113891. [PMID: 33675913 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The traditional use of Prunella vulgaris is for the treatment of liver cancer in a few areas of China. At present, it is used primarily for the treatment of thyroid cancer, throat cancer, and lymphosarcoma among others. However, there are few current scientific reports regarding its use for the treatment of liver cancer. In this paper, the effective treatment for liver cancer is studied to provide an experimental basis for the application of Prunella vulgaris, which is related to preparations in the treatment of liver cancer. AIM OF THE STUDY To study the anti-hepatocarcinoma effect of Prunella vulgaris total flavonoids and explores the possible molecular mechanism. METHODS The effects of Prunella vulgaris total flavonoids on the proliferation of SMMC-7721 cells were respected by RTCA analysis system. The tumor volume and weight were found in H22 tumor bearing mice. ELISA was used to observe the apoptosis and autophagy protein expressions in tumor tissue homogenate, along with the immune serum factor. Tumor tissue apoptosis was respected by the TUNEL method. And Bax, Bcl2, PI3K, Akt, mTOR, Beclin-1 and LC3-I/LC3-II expression were observed through Western blot. We also observed the expression of Beclin-1 and LC3-I/LC3-II through immunohistochemistry. RESULTS The total flavonoids of Prunella vulgaris inhibited the activity of SMMC-7721 cells, and reduced the tumor volume and weight in H22 tumor bearing mice. HE staining showed that the Prunella vulgaris total flavonoids inhibited liver metastasis of H22 tumor. The Prunella vulgaris total flavonoids significantly made the expressions of IL-6, TNF-α and IFN-γ immune factors increasing in the serum of tumor bearing mice, and the contents of caspase-3 and caspase-9 increase as well in tumor tissue homogenate. TUNEL showed that the mean density in the intervention group was significantly higher than that in the control group. P62 content in tumor tissue homogenate increased and ATG5 decreased after intervention. Immunohistochemistry showed Beclin-1 expression decreased and LC3-I/LC3-II increased in the tumor tissue. Western blot showed Bcl2, Beclin-1 expression decreased and Bax, PI3K, Akt, mTOR, LC3-I/LC3-II increased in the tumor tissue. CONCLUSION Prunella vulgaris total flavonoids have an obvious anti-hepatocarcinoma effect, and the mechanism may be linked to the inhibition of autophagy and promotion of apoptosis in liver cancer cells. The inhibition of autophagy may be related to activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Gang Song
- International TCM Immunopharmacology Research Center, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Le Kang
- Department of Pharmacology, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Shuo Tian
- Department of Pharmacology, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Lin-Lin Cui
- Department of Pharmacology, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Ming Bai
- Scientific Research and Experiment Center, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Xiao-Yan Fang
- Department of Pharmacology, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Li-Hua Cao
- International TCM Immunopharmacology Research Center, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Kimberly Coleman
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Ming-San Miao
- Graduate School, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
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Song J, Zhang Z, Hu Y, Li Z, Wan Y, Liu J, Chu X, Wei Q, Zhao M, Yang X. An aqueous extract of Prunella vulgaris L. inhibits the growth of papillary thyroid carcinoma by inducing autophagy in vivo and in vitro. Phytother Res 2021; 35:2691-2702. [PMID: 33440461 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The continued global rise in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) combined with potential adverse effects of regular treatments calls for an alternative therapy. Prunella vulgaris L. (PV) is commonly used as a herbal remedy for thyroid diseases in China, but its influence on PTC is unclear. This study investigated the effect of PV aqueous extract on PTC and its underlying mechanism using a mouse xenograft model and the human PTC cell line K1. PV suppressed tumor growth in PTC-bearing mice at 0.05 and 0.1 g/kg bw, accompanied by improvements in autophagy-related protein expressions in xenografts. In K1 cells, PV inhibited cell growth and induced autophagic flux, manifesting as changes in autophagy-related proteins, the presence of autophagosomes, and a further increase in LC3-II by co-incubation with bafilomycin A1. Autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine ameliorated the autophagic cell death caused by PV. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activator MHY1485 blocked the antiproliferative activity of PV by regulating mTOR, unc-51-like autophagy activating kinase 1 (ULK1), autophagosomes formation, and autophagy-related proteins. The adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) inhibitor compound C attenuated PV-induced inhibition of mTOR. Our results suggest that PV inhibits the growth of PTC in vivo and in vitro via autophagy, which is associated with the AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 pathway. Thus, PV has the potential to function as a therapeutic agent against PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Song
- Institute of Toxicology, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
- Food Safety and Health Research Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhengbao Zhang
- Institute of Toxicology, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
- Food Safety and Health Research Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Youkun Hu
- Food Safety and Health Research Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziyin Li
- Food Safety and Health Research Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Wan
- Food Safety and Health Research Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiafei Liu
- Physical and Chemical Analysis Department, Guangdong Institute of Food Inspection, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinwei Chu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qinzhi Wei
- Food Safety and Health Research Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Zhao
- Institute of Toxicology, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xingfen Yang
- Food Safety and Health Research Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Liu J, Wang Y, Qiu Z, Lv G, Huang X, Lin H, Lin Z, Qu P. Impact of TCM on Tumor-Infiltrating Myeloid Precursors in the Tumor Microenvironment. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:635122. [PMID: 33748122 PMCID: PMC7969811 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.635122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is composed of tumor cells, blood/lymphatic vessels, the tumor stroma, and tumor-infiltrating myeloid precursors (TIMPs) as a sophisticated pathological system to provide the survival environment for tumor cells and facilitate tumor metastasis. In TME, TIMPs, mainly including tumor-associated macrophage (TAM), tumor-associated dendritic cells (DCs), and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), play important roles in repressing the antitumor activity of T cell or other immune cells. Therefore, targeting those cells would be one novel efficient method to retard cancer progression. Numerous studies have shown that traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has made extensive research in tumor immunotherapy. In the review, we demonstrate that Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) and its components induce tumor cell apoptosis, directly inhibiting tumor growth and invasion. Further, we discuss that TCM regulates TME to promote effective antitumor immune response, downregulates the numbers and function of TAMs/MDSCs, and enhances the antigen presentation ability of mature DCs. We also review the therapeutic effects of TCM herbs and their ingredients on TIMPs in TME and systemically analyze the regulatory mechanisms of TCM on those cells to have a deeper understanding of TCM in tumor immunotherapy. Those investigations on TCM may provide novel ideas for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlong Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Yuchen Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Zhidong Qiu
- Department of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Guangfu Lv
- Department of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaowei Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - He Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Zhe Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Peng Qu
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, United States
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Lin CH, Lin CP, Huang ST. Successful intervention with Chinese herbal medicine for hyperthyroidism: Two case reports and a literature review. Explore (NY) 2020; 17:344-350. [PMID: 33109498 DOI: 10.1016/j.explore.2020.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperthyroidism, the excessive production of thyroid hormones, is most commonly attributed to autoimmune dysfunction such as Graves' disease. Western medical treatment of hyperthyroidism includes antithyroid medications, radioiodine, and thyroidectomy, all of which are associated with side effects. We describe the successful treatment of two patients with Graves' disease who used Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) with or without Western medicine. CASE PRESENTATION Both cases (a 50-year-old female [case 1] and a 56-year-old male [case 2]) received the Chinese herbal formula Jia Wei Xiao Yao San (JWXYS) as well as Prunella vulgaris, Fritillaria thunbergii, and Crassostrea gigas. Elevated thyroid hormone levels were restored to normal after 10 months of treatment in case 1 and 8 months in case 2. Neither patient experienced any complications or side effects during CHM treatment. Notably, symptoms and thyroid hormone levels have remained well controlled in both patients over 1 year of follow-up until the time of this report. To explore the possible mechanisms involved in CHM treatment of hyperthyroidism, we searched biomedical literature databases and reviewed the literature up to June 2020. CONCLUSIONS As for the hyperthyroidism almost was controlled by Western medicine instead of CHM, we report that JWXYS as well as Prunella vulgaris, Fritillaria thunbergii, and Crassostrea gigas was a safe and effective formula and we propose that CHM may be considered as either a first choice or combination therapy to control hyperthyroidism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hui Lin
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2, Yude Road, North District, Taichung City 404332, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Pang Lin
- An-Nan Hospital, China Medical University, No. 66, Section 2, Zhanghe Road, Annan District, Tainan City 709, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Teng Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2, Yude Road, North District, Taichung City 404332, Taiwan; An-Nan Hospital, China Medical University, No. 66, Section 2, Zhanghe Road, Annan District, Tainan City 709, Taiwan; School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, No. 91, Xueshi Road, North District, Taichung City 40402, Taiwan; Cancer Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2, Yude Road, North District, Taichung City 404332, Taiwan.
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Wang SJ, Wang XH, Dai YY, Ma MH, Rahman K, Nian H, Zhang H. Prunella vulgaris: A Comprehensive Review of Chemical Constituents, Pharmacological Effects and Clinical Applications. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 25:359-369. [PMID: 30864498 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190313121608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Prunella vulgaris (PV) is a perennial herb belonging to the Labiate family and is widely distributed in the northeastern Asian countries such as Korea, Japan, and China. It is reported to display diverse biological activities including anti-microbial, anti-cancer, and anti-inflammation as determined by in vitro or in vivo studies. So far, about 200 compounds have been isolated from PV plant and a majority of these have been characterized mainly as triterpenoids, sterols and flavonoids, followed by coumarins, phenylpropanoids, polysaccharides and volatile oils. This review summarizes and analyzes the current knowledge on the chemical constituents, pharmacological activities, mechanisms of action and clinical applications of the PV plant including its potential as a future medicinal plant. Although some of the chemical constituents of the PV plant and their mechanisms of action have been investigated, the biological activities of many of these remain unknown and further clinical trials are required to further enhance its reputation as a medicinal plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Juan Wang
- Pharmaceutical Center of Yueyang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China.,Department of Drug Preparation, Hospital of TCM and Hui Nationality Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia 751100, China
| | - Xiao-He Wang
- Pharmaceutical Center of Yueyang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Dai
- Pharmaceutical Center of Yueyang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Ming-Hua Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Khalid Rahman
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, England, United Kingdom
| | - Hua Nian
- Pharmaceutical Center of Yueyang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
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Al-Zharani M, Nasr FA, Abutaha N, Alqahtani AS, Noman OM, Mubarak M, Wadaan MA. Apoptotic Induction and Anti-Migratory Effects of Rhazya Stricta Fruit Extracts on a Human Breast Cancer Cell Line. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24213968. [PMID: 31683960 PMCID: PMC6864471 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24213968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhazya stricta is a medicinal plant that is widely used in Saudi folklore medicine for treatment of various diseases. R. stricta fruit powder was sequentially extracted with n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol using a Soxhlet extractor. The cytotoxic effects of these fractions on human breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7) and non-tumorigenic control cells (MCF-10A) were evaluated via cell viability measurements, microscopy, gene expression, and migration assays. Moreover, the effect of the most promising extract on 7,12-dimethyl-benz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced breast cancer was investigated in rats. The promising extract was also subjected to gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Fruit extracts of R. stricta were significantly cytotoxic toward all tested cell lines, as demonstrated by MTT and LDH assays. Treatment of MDA-MB-231 cells with fruit ethyl acetate fraction (RSF EtOAc) increased expression 11of P53, Bax and activation of caspase 3/7. A cell migration scratch assay demonstrated that extracts at non-cytotoxic concentrations exerted a potent anti-migration activity against the highly invasive MDA-MB-231 cell line. Moreover, RT-PCR results showed that RSF EtOAc significantly downregulated MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression, which play an important role in breast cancer metastasis. Histological studies of breast tissue in experimental animals showed a slight improvement in tissue treated with fruit ethyl acetate extract. GC-MS chromatogram showed thirteen peaks with major constituents were camphor, trichosenic acid and guanidine. Our current study demonstrates that fruit extracts of R. stricta are cytotoxic toward breast cancer cell lines through apoptotic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Al-Zharani
- Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), College of Science, Biology Department, Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Fahd A Nasr
- Medicinal Aromatic, and Poisonous Plants Research Centre, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Nael Abutaha
- Bioproducts Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ali S Alqahtani
- Medicinal Aromatic, and Poisonous Plants Research Centre, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Omar M Noman
- Medicinal Aromatic, and Poisonous Plants Research Centre, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammed Mubarak
- Electron Microscope Unit, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Muhammad A Wadaan
- Bioproducts Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
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Zhao J, Ji D, Zhai X, Zhang L, Luo X, Fu X. Oral Administration of Prunella vulgaris L Improves the Effect of Taxane on Preventing the Progression of Breast Cancer and Reduces Its Side Effects. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:806. [PMID: 30123125 PMCID: PMC6085460 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to explore the efficacy and safety of Prunella vulgaris L (PVL) combined with taxane for treatment of patients with breast cancer (BC). The main ingredients of PVL were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In the experiment, 424 patients with BC were evenly assigned into two groups: experimental group (EG, oral administration of PVL and taxane) and control group (CG, oral administration of placebo and taxane). The primary endpoint was pathologic complete response (pCR), which was evaluated using Miller and Payne system. The secondary endpoints included adverse events (AE) and overall survival (OS), which were evaluated by Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Event version and Kaplan-Meier curves, respectively. Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors was used to evaluate the clinical efficacy of PVL. Estrogen receptor (ER) status was also measured. The main side effects were compared between the two groups. The main ingredients of PVL were caffeic acid and rosmarinic acid, which both exert anti-tumor properties. The average follow-up time was 41 months. Eighteen and 31 patients dropped out from EG and CG, respectively. Overall, pCRs were detected in 94 cases (25.1%), comprising 61 cases (31.4%) from EG and 33 cases (18.2%) from CG (P < 0.05). PVL treatment improved the pCR rate and OS time compared with those in CG (P < 0.05). The 3-year OS rates were 86.5 and 77.2% in patients from EG and CG, respectively (P < 0.05). Moreover, ER status was associated with pCR rate and could be an independent prognostic factor in BC. Moreover, treatment with PVL prevented side effects, namely, neutrophil-reduced fever and anemia caused by chemotherapy. Hence, chemotherapy using PVL and taxane could be a safe and effective treatment for patients with BC. PVL may be a potential adjuvant medicine for BC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jixue Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Degang Ji
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xujie Zhai
- Department of Breast Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lirong Zhang
- Department of Pathology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiao Luo
- Department of Breast Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xin Fu
- Department of Nursing, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Teroxirone suppresses growth and motility of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 99:997-1008. [PMID: 29653488 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.01.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS The prevalent human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of global cancer-related mortality. The small molecular weight triepoxide derivative, 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-tri-one-1,3,5-tri-(oxiranylmethyl) (teroxirone), has been proved effective against the proliferation of lung cancer cells. The purpose is to further examine if teroxirone regulate growth and metastatic potential of HCC cells with aims at disclosing more of the reaction mechanisms. MAIN METHODS Measurements of cell viability and flow cytometry were conducted to test sensitivities of teroxirone against HCC cells. The signaling pathway leading to apoptotic death was unraveled by Western blotting analysis. The metastatic progression was evaluated by cell-based phenotype assay that included migration, invasion, gelatin zymography and wound assay. The in vivo drug efficiency was done in immune-deficient mice with the established xenograft tumors. KEY FINDINGS Teroxirone inhibited growth of HCC cells, but not hepatic cells. The drug induced apoptosis in HCC cells bearing mutant p53. Pretreatment of caspase-3 inhibitor restored cell viabilities by suppressing extrinsic pathway-mediated cell death. More experiments suggested that sub-apoptotic concentrations of teroxirone mitigated migration, invasion and wound healing of HCC cells. The drug reduced growth of the xenograft tumors as established in animal models by activating apoptotic death. SIGNIFICANCE The findings asserted that teroxirone is an eligible addition to the existing options as an anticancer agent to eliminate HCC.
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Fang Y, Zhang L, Feng J, Lin W, Cai Q, Peng J. Spica Prunellae extract suppresses the growth of human colon carcinoma cells by targeting multiple oncogenes via activating miR-34a. Oncol Rep 2017; 38:1895-1901. [PMID: 28713966 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Spica Prunellae is the spike of the herb Prunella vulgaris L. in traditional Chinese medicine which is often used for the treatment of various cancers including colorectal cancer. In the present study, we found that a key tumor suppressor, microRNA-34a (miR-34a) is involved in the antitumor activity for Spica Prunellae. Human colon carcinoma HCT-8 cells treated with an ethanol extract of Spica Prunellae (EESP) had significantly decreased cell proliferation and viability, in a dose-dependent manner. Flow cytometry analysis with Annexin V/PI staining analysis revealed that EESP treatment could induce apoptosis of HCT-8 cells. The level of miR-34a was upregulated in HCT-8 cells following EESP treatment, whereas expression levels of its target genes Notch1, Notch2 and Bcl-2 were downregulated. Inhibition of miR-34a rescued the expression of these target genes. These results revealed that Spica Prunellae can suppress the growth of HCT-8 cells by targeting Notch1, Notch2 and Bcl-2 via activation of miR-34a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Fang
- Academy of Integrative Medicine and Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, P.R. China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Academy of Integrative Medicine and Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, P.R. China
| | - Jianyu Feng
- Academy of Integrative Medicine and Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, P.R. China
| | - Wei Lin
- Academy of Integrative Medicine and Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, P.R. China
| | - Qiaoyan Cai
- Academy of Integrative Medicine and Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, P.R. China
| | - Jun Peng
- Academy of Integrative Medicine and Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, P.R. China
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Zhao X, Zhao J, Hu R, Yao Q, Zhang G, Shen H, Yagüe E, Hu Y. Ruanjian Sanjie decoction exhibits antitumor activity by inducing cell apoptosis in breast cancer. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:3071-3079. [PMID: 28529560 PMCID: PMC5431657 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.5832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine, based on theories developed and practiced for >2,000 years, is one of the most common complementary and alternative types of medicine currently used in the treatment of patients with breast cancer. Ruanjian Sanjie (RJSJ) decoction, is composed of four herbs, including Ban xia (Pinellia ternata), Xia ku cao (Prunella vulgaris), Shan ci gu (Cremastra appendiculata) and Hai zao (Sargassum pallidum), and has traditionally been used for softening hard lumps and resolving hard tissue masses. However, the active compounds and mechanisms of action of RJSJ remain unknown. The present study demonstrated the antitumor activity of RJSJ against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma in Swiss albino mice and breast cancer xenografts in nude mice. Notably, RJSJ does not induce body weight loss, immune function toxicity or myelosuppression in mice, indicating that it is safe and well tolerated. In addition, RJSJ shows potent cytotoxicity against breast cancer cells in vitro by the suppression of the anti-apoptotic proteins B-cell lymphoma 2 and survivin, leading to the activation of caspase-3/7 and caspase-9, and the apoptotic cascade. These findings provide a clear rationale to explore the therapeutic strategy of using RJSJ alone or in combination with chemotherapeutic agents for breast cancer patients and the characterization of its active principles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiumei Zhao
- Centre for Research and Development of Anti Tumor Drugs, Tianjin Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tianjin 300020, P.R. China
| | - Jing Zhao
- The Third Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Renjie Hu
- Centre for Research and Development of Anti Tumor Drugs, Tianjin Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tianjin 300020, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Yao
- Tianjin People's Hospital, Tianjin 300121, P.R. China
| | - Guixian Zhang
- Centre for Research and Development of Anti Tumor Drugs, Tianjin Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tianjin 300020, P.R. China
| | - Hongsheng Shen
- Centre for Research and Development of Anti Tumor Drugs, Tianjin Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tianjin 300020, P.R. China
| | - Ernesto Yagüe
- Cancer Research Center, Division of Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Yunhui Hu
- The Third Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
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Su YC, Lin IH, Siao YM, Liu CJ, Yeh CC. Modulation of the Tumor Metastatic Microenvironment and Multiple Signal Pathways by Prunella vulgaris in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2016; 44:835-49. [PMID: 27222069 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x16500464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Prunella vulgaris (PV) is a traditional Chinese medicine that has been used clinically for centuries in Asian countries to treat herpetic keratitis. In previous studies, PV was shown to suppress TPA-induced activation of MMP-9 and inhibit cell invasion and migration in hepatoma cell lines. However, the detailed molecular mechanism underlying these effects is still unclear. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms underlying PV-mediated inhibition of 12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced cell invasion and inhibition of secreted and cytosolic MMP-9 production in human hepatoma cells (Huh-7 and HA22T). PV suppressed VEGF and MMP-9 transcription by inhibiting activator protein (AP)-1 and nuclear factor-[Formula: see text]B (NF-[Formula: see text]B) activity. PV suppressed TPA-induced AP-1 activity by inhibiting phosphorylation of the extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK), downregulating p38 signaling pathways, and suppressing TPA-induced inhibition of NF-[Formula: see text]B nuclear translocation through I[Formula: see text]B. PV suppressed TPA-induced activation of ERK/phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/Akt upstream of NF-[Formula: see text]B and AP-1. These data suggest that PV modifies the metastatic microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by inhibiting multiple signal transduction pathways. PV thus may have the therapeutic potential to inhibit the migration and invasion of HCC and act as potential agent for systemic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chieh Su
- * Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
| | - I-Hsin Lin
- ‡ School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Miao Siao
- † Department of Chinese Medicine, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ju Liu
- † Department of Chinese Medicine, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chou Yeh
- † Department of Chinese Medicine, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chia-Yi, Taiwan.,‡ School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
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18
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CHO INHYE, JANG EUNHYANG, HONG DARONG, JUNG BOM, PARK MINJU, KIM JONGHO. Suppression of LPS-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition by aqueous extracts of Prunella vulgaris through inhibition of the NF-κB/Snail signaling pathway and regulation of EMT-related protein expression. Oncol Rep 2015; 34:2445-50. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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20
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Zhang W, Ma YZ, Song L, Wang CH, Qi TG, Shao GR. Effect of Cantharidins in Chemotherapy for Hepatoma: A Retrospective Cohort Study. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2014; 42:561-7. [PMID: 24871651 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x14500360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of cantharidins, a traditional Chinese medicine, in chemotherapy for the treatment of hepatoma. From August 2011 to December 2012, 96 patients with hepatoma, who were eligible for transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization and received cantharidins, were selected for comparison with the control group of 95 patients without cantharidins. The treatment effect, clinical symptoms and adverse effects were analyzed. The results of the study showed that the cantharidins group had a higher overall efficient rate than the control group (p < 0.001). The improvement rate of the Karnofsky score in the cantharidins group was significantly higher than that of the control group (p = 0.014). In the cantharidins group, there was a decrease in white blood cell (WBC) count and gastrointestinal response rates were lower than those of the control group (p < 0.05). Therefore, the traditional Chinese medicine cantharidins showed effects of easing the progress of liver cancer, relieving side effects of chemotherapy and improving the quality of life in the treatment of hepatoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Second Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong 250033, China
| | - Yu-Zhen Ma
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong 250033, China
| | - Lei Song
- Department of Radiology, Second Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong 250033, China
| | - Chen-Hua Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Second Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong 250033, China
| | - Tong-Gang Qi
- Department of Laboratory, Second Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong 250033, China
| | - Guang-Rui Shao
- Department of Radiology, Second Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong 250033, China
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Chen XZ, Li JN, Zhang YQ, Cao ZY, Liu ZZ, Wang SQ, Liao LM, Du J. Fuzheng Qingjie recipe induces apoptosis in HepG2 cells via P38 MAPK activation and the mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathway. Mol Med Rep 2014; 9:2381-7. [PMID: 24737008 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2013] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Fuzheng Qingjie (FZQJ) recipe is a polyherbal Chinese medicine capable of suppressing tumor growth and is used as an adjuvant therapy for various types of cancer. However, its anticancer mechanisms are yet to be fully elucidated. In the present study, we explored whether p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) was involved in FZQJ-mediated mitochondria-dependent apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays were used to measure the viability of HepG2 cells. 4,6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) and Annexin-V fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) were used to analyze the apoptosis of HepG2 cells. The mitochondrial membrane potential (∆ψ) and phosphorylated P38 MAPK protein were examined by a flow cytometer following 5,5',6,6'-tetrachloro‑1,1',3,3'-tetraethylbenzimidazolcarbocyanine iodide (JC-1) and Alexa Fluor® 647 mouse anti-phosphorylated P38 MAPK antibody staining, respectively. The activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3 were measured using colorimetric assays. Additionally, Bcl-2 and Bax expression were examined using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blot analysis. The results demonstrated that water extract of FZQJ was able to induce apoptosis of HepG2 cells in vitro. FZQJ-induced apoptosis was accompanied by the loss of ∆ψ, downregulation of Bcl-2 and upregulation of Bax expression, and the activation of caspase-3, -9 and P38 MAPK. These results indicated that FZQJ induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells at least via P38 MAPK activation and the mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Zheng Chen
- Center of Oncology, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Nong Li
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - You-Quan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350003, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Yun Cao
- Center of Oncology, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Zhen Liu
- Center of Oncology, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Su-Qing Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Lian-Ming Liao
- Center of Oncology, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Jian Du
- Center of Oncology, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
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Zhang Z, Wang CZ, Wen XD, Shoyama Y, Yuan CS. Role of saffron and its constituents on cancer chemoprevention. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2013; 51:920-4. [PMID: 23570520 PMCID: PMC3971062 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2013.771190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Cancer dramatically impacts human life expectancy and quality of life. Natural substances from vegetables, herbs and spices could be beneficial in the prevention or treatment of a variety of cancers. Crocus sativus (Iridaceae), which has been used as a folk medicine for treating diseases for ages, showed obvious cancer chemoprevention potential. OBJECTIVE This article focuses on the effects of Crocus sativus and its main ingredients, such as crocin, on cancer therapeutics. METHODS We reviewed research data from saffron, a spice derived from the flower of Crocus sativus, and its constituents using the major databases, namely, Web of Science, SciFinder and PubMed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Saffron possesses free radical-scavenging properties and antitumor activities. Significant cancer chemopreventive effects have been shown in both in vitro and in vivo models. Based on current data, saffron and its ingredients could be considered as a promising candidate for clinical anticancer trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyu Zhang
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, The Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, U.S.A
- Department of Anesthesia & Critical Care, The Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, U.S.A
| | - Chong-Zhi Wang
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, The Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, U.S.A
- Department of Anesthesia & Critical Care, The Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, U.S.A
| | - Xiao-Dong Wen
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, The Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, U.S.A
- Department of Anesthesia & Critical Care, The Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, U.S.A
| | - Yukihiro Shoyama
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki International University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Chun-Su Yuan
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, The Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, U.S.A
- Department of Anesthesia & Critical Care, The Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, U.S.A
- Committee on Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics, The Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, U.S.A
- Address for correspondence: Chun-Su Yuan, MD, PhD, Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, The Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, MC 4028, Chicago, IL 60637, U.S.A. Tel. (773) 702-1916; FAX (773) 834-0601;
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Rasool R, Ganai BA. Prunella vulgaris L. : A Literature Review on its Therapeutic Potentials. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.5567/pharmacologia.2013.441.448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Wurtele ES, Chappell J, Jones AD, Celiz MD, Ransom N, Hur M, Rizshsky L, Crispin M, Dixon P, Liu J, P Widrlechner M, Nikolau BJ. Medicinal plants: a public resource for metabolomics and hypothesis development. Metabolites 2012; 2:1031-59. [PMID: 24957774 PMCID: PMC3901233 DOI: 10.3390/metabo2041031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2012] [Revised: 10/30/2012] [Accepted: 10/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Specialized compounds from photosynthetic organisms serve as rich resources for drug development. From aspirin to atropine, plant-derived natural products have had a profound impact on human health. Technological advances provide new opportunities to access these natural products in a metabolic context. Here, we describe a database and platform for storing, visualizing and statistically analyzing metabolomics data from fourteen medicinal plant species. The metabolomes and associated transcriptomes (RNAseq) for each plant species, gathered from up to twenty tissue/organ samples that have experienced varied growth conditions and developmental histories, were analyzed in parallel. Three case studies illustrate different ways that the data can be integrally used to generate testable hypotheses concerning the biochemistry, phylogeny and natural product diversity of medicinal plants. Deep metabolomics analysis of Camptotheca acuminata exemplifies how such data can be used to inform metabolic understanding of natural product chemical diversity and begin to formulate hypotheses about their biogenesis. Metabolomics data from Prunella vulgaris, a species that contains a wide range ofantioxidant, antiviral, tumoricidal and anti-inflammatory constituents, provide a case study of obtaining biosystematic and developmental fingerprint information from metabolite accumulation data in a little studied species. Digitalis purpurea, well known as a source of cardiac glycosides, is used to illustrate how integrating metabolomics and transcriptomics data can lead to identification of candidate genes encoding biosynthetic enzymes in the cardiac glycoside pathway. Medicinal Plant Metabolomics Resource (MPM) [1] provides a framework for generating experimentally testable hypotheses about the metabolic networks that lead to the generation of specialized compounds, identifying genes that control their biosynthesis and establishing a basis for modeling metabolism in less studied species. The database is publicly available and can be used by researchers in medicine and plant biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eve Syrkin Wurtele
- Department of Genetics, Cell and Developmental Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
| | - Joe Chappell
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - A Daniel Jones
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and Deptment of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Mary Dawn Celiz
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and Deptment of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Nick Ransom
- Department of Genetics, Cell and Developmental Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Manhoi Hur
- Department of Genetics, Cell and Developmental Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Ludmila Rizshsky
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA50011, USA
| | - Matthew Crispin
- Department of Genetics, Cell and Developmental Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Philip Dixon
- Department of Statistics, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Statistics, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Mark P Widrlechner
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology and Department of Horticulture, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Basil J Nikolau
- Center for Metabolic Biology, The Plant Science Institute, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
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