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Ajiboye BO, Omojolomoloju TE, Salami SA, Onikanni SA, Hosseinzadeh H, Mopuri R, Oyinloye BE. Effect of Dalbergiella welwitschi alkaloid-rich extracts on neuroprotective in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Metab Brain Dis 2024:10.1007/s11011-024-01386-9. [PMID: 39093507 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-024-01386-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
The neuroprotective ability of alkaloid-rich leaf extract of Dalbergiella welwitschii in streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic rats were investigated in this study. Dalbergiella welwitshii leaf alkaloid-rich extract was obtained using standard procedure. Streptozotocin was injected into the experimental animals intraperitoneally at a dose of 45 mg/mg body weight. Prior to this, the animals were given 20% (w/v) fructose for one week. The animals were grouped into five (n = 8), comprising of normal control (NC), diabetic control (DC), diabetic rats treated with low (50 mg/mg body weight) and high (100 mg/kg body weight) doses of Dalbergiella welwitschii alkaloid-rich leaf extracts (i.e., DWL and DWH respectively) and 200 mg/kg body weight of metformin (MET). The animals were sacrificed on the 21st day, blood and brain tissue were harvested and used for the determination of neurotransmitters, cholinesterase, some ATP activities, oxidative stress biomarkers and histological examination. The results show that diabetic rats placed on DWL, DWH and MET significantly (p < 0.05) reduced cholinergic, elevated some ATPase activities and ameliorated oxidative stress biomarkers. These were supported by the histological examination by improving neuroprotective effects in diabetic rats administered DWL, DWH and MET. Hence, it can be presumed that DWL and DWH could be beneficial in treating diabetic neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basiru Olaitan Ajiboye
- Phytomedicine and Molecular Toxicology Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria.
- Institute of Drug Research and Development, SE Bogoro Center, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria.
| | - Tofunmi Enitan Omojolomoloju
- Phytomedicine and Molecular Toxicology Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Salmat Adenike Salami
- Phytomedicine, Biochemical Toxicology and Biotechnology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Sunday Amos Onikanni
- Phytomedicine, Biochemical Toxicology and Biotechnology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hossein Hosseinzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 1365-91775, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ramgopal Mopuri
- Department of Biochemistry, Bharatiya Engineering Science and Technology Innovation University, Gorantla, Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Babatunji Emmanuel Oyinloye
- Institute of Drug Research and Development, SE Bogoro Center, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
- Phytomedicine, Biochemical Toxicology and Biotechnology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
- Biotechnology and Structural Biology (BSB) Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, Kwadlangezwa, 3886, South Africa
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Ding Q, Liu X, Zhang S, Chai G, Ma S, Sun S, Shen L, Gao Y, Ding C, Zhao T, Liu W. Chitosan-modified dihydromyricetin liposomes promote the repair of liver injury in mice suffering from diabetes mellitus. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 273:133040. [PMID: 38857721 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Liver injury caused by type-II diabetes mellitus (DM) is a significant public-health concern worldwide. We used chitosan (CS) to modify dihydromyricetin (DHM)-loaded liposomes (DL) through charge interaction. The effect of CS-modified DL (CDL) on liver injury in mice suffering from DM was investigated in vivo and in vitro. CDL exhibited superior antioxidant capacity and stability. Pharmacokinetic analyses revealed a 3.23- and 1.92-fold increase in the drug concentration-time curve (953.60 ± 122.55 ng/mL/h) in the CDL-treated group as opposed to the DHM-treated group (295.15 ± 25.53 ng/mL/h) and DL-treated group (495.31 ± 65.21 ng/mL/h). The maximum drug concentration in blood (Tmax) of the CDL group saw a 2.26- and 1.21-fold increase compared with that in DHM and DL groups. We observed a 1.49- and 1.31-fold increase in the maximum drug concentration in blood (Cmax) in the CDL group compared with that in DHM and DL groups. Western blotting suggested that CDL could alleviate liver injury in mice suffering from DM by modulating inflammatory factors and the transforming growth factor-β1/Smad2/Smad3 signaling pathway. In conclusion, modification of liposomes using CS is a viable approach to address the limitations of conventional liposomes and insoluble drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiteng Ding
- College of traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Xinglong Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agriculture Science and Technology College, Jilin 132101, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- College of traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Guodong Chai
- College of traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Shuang Ma
- College of traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Shuwen Sun
- College of traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Liqian Shen
- Jilin Jianwei Natural Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Linjiang 134600, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Jilin Jianwei Natural Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Linjiang 134600, China
| | - Chuanbo Ding
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agriculture Science and Technology College, Jilin 132101, China; Scientific and Technological Innovation Center of Health Products and Medical Materials with Characteristic Resources of Jilin Province, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Ting Zhao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agriculture Science and Technology College, Jilin 132101, China.
| | - Wencong Liu
- School of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuzhou University, Wuzhou 543002, China.
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Tang L, Mei X, Ye M, Liu Y, Huang Y, Yu J, Zhang L, Zhuge S, Jiang G, Zhu J. Sclareol ameliorates liver injury by inhibiting nuclear factor-kappa B/NOD-like receptor protein 3-mediated inflammation and lipid metabolism disorder in diabetic mice. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2023; 37:3946320231223644. [PMID: 38131326 DOI: 10.1177/03946320231223644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Sclareol (SCL) is a natural diterpene with anti-inflammation and antioxidant properties. This study aimed to assess the hepatoprotective effects of SCL in diabetic mice. Methods: SCL (10 mg/kg) was administered intragastrically to C57BL/6 mice with streptozotocin-induced diabetes daily for 5 weeks to evaluate its beneficial effects in liver injury. Body and liver weight and blood glucose levels were measured. Liver histopathology, fibrosis, and lipid accumulation were evaluated using hematoxylin and eosin, Masson's trichrome, and Oil Red O staining, respectively. Serum hepatic enzyme and lipid levels were measured using an automatic biochemical analyzer. Hepatocellular apoptosis was measured using the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling assay. Oxidative stress markers and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured using appropriate assay kits. The effects of sclareol on inflammation and lipid metabolism was evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), immunohistochemical analysis, and Western blot assays. Results: SCL significantly decreased serum liver enzymes and lipids levels, and alleviated adipogenesis and fibrosis. Moreover, the protein levels of acetyl-CoA carboxylase and sterol response element-binding protein 1 were downregulated, whereas the expression of carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 was upregulated. SCL increased the antioxidant activity, and decreased ROS levels. SCL alleviated hepatic mitochondrial damage. Furthermore, SCL inhibited Kupffer cell infiltration and reduced serum inflammatory cytokine levels. SCL significantly downregulated the protein expression of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) P65, NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), caspase 1, and interleukin-1β. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that SCL improves diabetes-induced liver injury by alleviating the NF-κB/NLRP3-mediated inflammation and lipid metabolism disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuan Mei
- Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mengling Ye
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yujie Huang
- Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Drug Evaluation and Clinical Research, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang UniversitySchool of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiawen Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lingdi Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sheng Zhuge
- Department of Surgery, The First People 's Hospital of Yuhang District, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guojun Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianjun Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
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Mahfoz AM, Gawish AY. Insight into the hepatoprotective, hypolipidemic, and antidiabetic impacts of aliskiren in streptozotocin-induced diabetic liver disease in mice. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2022; 14:163. [PMID: 36316746 PMCID: PMC9620647 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-022-00935-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic hepatopathy is a serious complication of poorly controlled diabetes mellitus. An efficient antidiabetic drug which keeps normal liver tissues is not available. The renin-angiotensin system has been reported to be involved in both diabetic state and liver function. Aliskiren is a direct renin inhibitor and a recently antihypertensive drug with poly-pharmacological properties. The aim of the current study is to explore the possible hepatoprotective effects and mechanisms of action of aliskiren against streptozotocin (STZ) induced liver toxicity. METHODS Mice were distributed to 3 groups; first: the normal control group, second: the diabetic control group, third: the diabetic group which received aliskiren (25 mg/kg; oral) for 4 weeks. At the end of the treatment period, plasma glucose, insulin, lipid profile, oxidative stress, and liver function tests were evaluated spectrophotometrically. ELISA technique was used to measure the expression levels of TNF-α and adiponectin. Furthermore, a Histopathological examination of liver samples was done. RESULTS It was shown that aliskiren treatment ameliorated the STZ-induced oxidative stress and elevated inflammatory biomarkers, hypercholesterolemia, serum aminotransferases and alkaline phosphatase levels in diabetic mice. In addition, hepatocellular necrosis, and fibrosis were improved by aliskiren treatment. CONCLUSION aliskiren protects against the liver damage caused by STZ-induced diabetes. This can be explained by its ability to block angiotensin-II, and its anti-diabetic, hypocholesterolemic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Aliskiren could be a novel therapeutic strategy to prevent liver diseases associated with hypertension and diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal M Mahfoz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Aya Y Gawish
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information, Cairo, Egypt
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Zhang R, Zhang Q, Zhu S, Liu B, Liu F, Xu Y. Mulberry leaf (Morus alba L.): A review of its potential influences in mechanisms of action on metabolic diseases. Pharmacol Res 2021; 175:106029. [PMID: 34896248 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.106029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The leaves of Morus alba L. (called Sangye in Chinese, ML), which belong to the genus Morus., are highly valuable edible plants in nutrients and nutraceuticals. In Asian countries including China, Japan and Korea, ML are widely used as functional foods including beverages, noodles and herbal tea because of its biological and nutritional value. Meanwhile, ML-derived products in the form of powders, extracts and capsules are widely consumed as dietary supplements for controlling blood glucose and sugar. Clinical studies showed that ML play an important role in the treatment of metabolic diseases including the diabetes, dyslipidemia, obesity, atherosclerosis and hypertension. People broadly use ML due to their nutritiousness, deliciousness, safety, and abundant active benefits. However, the systematic pharmacological mechanisms of ML on metabolic diseases have not been fully revealed. Therefore, in order to fully utilize and scale relevant products about ML, this review summarizes the up-to-date information about the ML and its constituents effecting on metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiyuan Zhang
- Pharmacy College of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Pharmacy College of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Shun Zhu
- Pharmacy College of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Biyang Liu
- Pharmacy College of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Liu
- Pharmacy College of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu 611137, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yao Xu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, People's Republic of China.
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Weng Y, Zhang M, Wang J, Zhang Y. Significantly hypoglycemic effect of a novel functional bread rich in mulberry bark and improving the related functions of liver, pancreas, and kidney, on T2D mice. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:2468-2482. [PMID: 34026064 PMCID: PMC8116878 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
To develop a novel functional food with lowering blood glucose for diabetics, the mixed bread containing mulberry branch bark powder (MBBP) was used for the oral administration of the type 2 diabetic (T2D) mice induced by streptozocin (STZ), high-fat and high-sugar diet for 7 weeks. 5%, 10%, and 15% MBBP bread diets had a significatively positive influence on the biochemical indicators, histological examination, and immunohistochemistry observations in T2D mice. The 15% MBBP-rich bread diet evidently retarded loss weight of T2D mice, and decreased in FBG by about 55% and in glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels by about 30%. Its glucose tolerance and serum insulin levels were very close to normal level. The abnormal lipid metabolism and insulin-related index of T2D mice in both the 10% and 15% MBBP bread diet groups were partly reversed. The Western blotting results showed that the expression levels of key proteins in PI3K/AKT signaling pathway were decreased and expression levels of immunoproteins PPARγ, TNF-α, P65, and IL6 were increased. In general, oral MBBP bread diets effectively restored some functions and repaired damage to the pancreas, liver, and kidney in T2D mice. Therefore, MBBP is potential to develop into a novel functional food additive with significantly hypoglycemic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu‐Jie Weng
- School of Biology and Basic Medical SciencesSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern SilkSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Meng Zhang
- School of Biology and Basic Medical SciencesSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern SilkSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Jiang Wang
- School of Biology and Basic Medical SciencesSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern SilkSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Yu‐Qing Zhang
- School of Biology and Basic Medical SciencesSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern SilkSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
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Le Carbone prevents liver damage in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis-hepatocellular carcinoma mouse model via AMPKα-SIRT1 signaling pathway activation. Heliyon 2021; 7:e05888. [PMID: 33490669 PMCID: PMC7803657 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Le Carbone (LC), a fiber-enriched activated charcoal dietary supplement, claimed to be effective against inflammation associated with colitis, trimethylaminuria, and sclerosis. The study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanisms of LC to protect liver damage and its progression in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis-hepatocellular carcinoma (NASH-HCC) mice. To induce this model, C57BL/6J male baby mice were injected with a low-dose of streptozotocin and fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) 32 during 4 weeks–16 weeks of age. The LC suspension was administered orally at a dose of 5 mg/mouse/day started at the age of 6 weeks and continued until 16 weeks of age along with HFD32 feeding. At the end of the experiment, serum and liver tissues were collected for the biochemical, histological, and molecular analysis. We found that LC suspension improved the histopathological changes, serum aminotransferases in NASH mice. The hepatic expression of metabolic proteins, p-AMPKα and sirtuin 1, and proteins responsible for β-oxidation of fatty acids, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) γ coactivator-α, PPARα were significantly repressed in NASH mice. LC treatment markedly restored these expressions. LC treatment significantly reduced the hepatic proteins expressions of PPARγ, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 4, p47phox, p-JNK, p-ERK1/2, glypican-3, and prothrombin in NASH mice. Our findings demonstrate that LC prevents the liver damage and progression of NASH, possibly by enhancing the AMPK-SIRT1 signaling pathway.
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Yang M, Chen Z, Xiang S, Xia F, Tang W, Yao X, Zhou B. Hugan Qingzhi medication ameliorates free fatty acid-induced L02 hepatocyte endoplasmic reticulum stress by regulating the activation of PKC-δ. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:377. [PMID: 33308192 PMCID: PMC7730760 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-03164-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have found that Hugan Qingzhi tablet (HQT) has significant lipid-lowering and antioxidant effects on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Moreover, the results of proteomic analysis confirmed that various proteins in endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) pathway were activated and recovered by HQT. However, its mechanism remains confused. The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of HQT-medicated serum on hepatic ERS and its relevant mechanisms. Methods L02 cells were induced by Free Fatty Acid (FFA) for 24 h to establish a model of hepatic ERS and pretreated with the drug-medicated rat serum for 24 h. Accumulation of intracellular lipid was evaluated using Oil Red O staining and Triglyceride detection kit. The morphological changes of ER were observed by TEM. PKC-δ was silenced by specific siRNA. Western blot and RT-qPCR were applied to detect the expression of markers related to ERS, calcium disorder, steatosis and insulin resistance. The fluorescence of Ca2+ influx was recorded using fluorescence spectrophotometer. Results HQT-medicated serum significantly decreased the intracellular TG content. Furthermore, it caused significant reduction in the expression of ERS markers and an improvement in ER structure of L02 cells. PKC-δ was activated into phosphorylated PKC-δ in FFA-induced L02 hepatocytes while these changes can be reversed by HQT-medicated serum. Silencing PKC-δ in L02 cells can restore the expression and activity of SERCA2 in ER and down-regulate the expression of IP3R protein to maintain intracellular calcium homeostasis, so as to relieve FFA-induced ERS and its lipid accumulation and insulin resistance. Conclusions The results concluded that HQT-medicated serum exerts protective effects against hepatic ERS, steatosis and insulin resistance in FFA-induced L02 hepatocyte. And its potential mechanism might be down-regulating the activation of PKC-δ and stabilization of intracellular calcium. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12906-020-03164-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaoting Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, People's Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen, 518109, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhijuan Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, China
| | - Shijian Xiang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, China
| | - Fan Xia
- Department of Pharmacy, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, China
| | - Waijiao Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaorui Yao
- Department of Pharmacy, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Benjie Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, China.
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Mulberry Bark Alleviates Effect of STZ Inducing Diabetic Mice through Negatively Regulating FoxO1. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:2182865. [PMID: 30800168 PMCID: PMC6360591 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2182865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Dysfunction of insulin secretion and hyperglycaemia were commonly found due to damaged β cells of pancreas. In our previous research, it was found that mulberry branch bark powder (MBBP) was effective in treating diabetes in mice which were induced by STZ and high fat diet. The present study was designed to evaluate the protective effect of MBBP on STZ-induced β cells injury and investigate underlying mechanisms. By preventive administration of branch bark powder, the damage caused by STZ injection was found to be alleviated. In MBBP feed groups, pathological weight loss was inhibited, fasting blood glucose was controlled, the incidence of diabetes decreased, and blood lipid level and antioxidant capacities were restored. The PI3K/AKT/FoxO1 signal pathway was found to be activated by key proteins expression and gene testing. In liver, the increased PI3K and phosphorylated AKT, the phosphorylated, and inactivated FoxO1, which regulates the expression of gluconeogenic gene and explains the effect of relieving insulin resistance of MBBP. Therefore, the MBBP improves the tolerance of pancreas to the toxicity of STZ involving the PI3K/AKT/FoxO1 signalling pathway.
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Wei H, Liu S, Liao Y, Ma C, Wang D, Tong J, Feng J, Yi T, Zhu L. A Systematic Review of the Medicinal Potential of Mulberry in Treating Diabetes Mellitus. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2018; 46:1743-1770. [PMID: 30518235 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x1850088x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a serious metabolic disorder which has reached epidemic proportions all over the world. Despite tremendous developments in medicinal chemistry, traditional medicine is still commonly used for the prevention and treatment of DM. Traditional herbal medicines have played a major role in the management of DM in Asian countries. In particular, mulberry has commonly been utilized in China for the treatment of DM for thousands of years. In the last decade, numerous preclinical findings have suggested that mulberry is a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of DM, and the polyhydroxylated alkaloids, flavonoids and polysaccharides from mulberry may be the potential active components. The present review systematically summarizes the chemical composition of mulberry and the pharmacological effects of different medicinal parts on DM; these effects include influences on glucose absorption, insulin (INS) production/secretion, anti-oxidation and anti-inflammation processes. After summarizing our research findings, we will discuss the challenges and opportunities and explore the direction of future research and the potential for developing mulberry into pharmaceuticals for the widespread treatment of DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helin Wei
- * Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Leshan Vocational & Technical College, Leshan 614000, P. R. China
| | - Siyuan Liu
- † School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, P. R. China
| | - Yijun Liao
- ‡ School of Materials Engineering, Chengdu Technological University, Chengdu 611730, P. R. China
| | - Chuanhui Ma
- § School of Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, P. R. China
| | - Dongying Wang
- ¶ College of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Jiayun Tong
- ∥ School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Jiafu Feng
- * Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Leshan Vocational & Technical College, Leshan 614000, P. R. China
| | - Tao Yi
- † School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, P. R. China
| | - Lin Zhu
- † School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, P. R. China
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杨 妙, 陈 芝, 肖 淳, 唐 外, 周 本. [Effects of sera of rats fed with Huganqingzhi tablets on endoplasmic reticulum stress in a HepG2 cell model of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2018; 38:1277-1287. [PMID: 30514673 PMCID: PMC6744118 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2018.11.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of sera from rats fed with Huganqingzhi tablets (HGT) on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in a steatotic hepatocyte model of free fatty acids (FFAs)-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and explore the possible mechanism. METHODS FFAs prepared by mixing oleic acid and palmitic acid at the ratio of 2:1. HepG2 cells were treated with the sera from rats fed with low-, moderate-or high-dose HGT (HGT sera) or sera of rats fed with fenofibrate (fenofibrate sera), followed by treatment with 1 mmol/L FFAs for 24 h to induce hepatic steatosis. Oil red O staining was used to observe the distribution of lipid droplets in the cells. The biochemical parameters including triglyceride (TG), lactated hydrogenase (LDH), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were measured using a commercial kit. The morphological changes of the ER in the cells were observed using transmission electron microscopy. The protein/mRNA expressions of ER stress-related signal molecules including GRP78, PERK, p-PERK, ATF6, ATF4, CASPASE-12, CHOP, XBP-1, PKC, and p-PKC-δ were detected using Western blotting and/or quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The changes in the protein expressions of GRP78, p-PERK, CASPASE-12 and CHOP were also detected in cells with transient transfection of PKC-δ siRNA for PKC-δ knockdown. RESULTS Compared with the control cells, the cells treated with FFAs showed significantly increased levels of TG, AST, and ALT (P < 0.05). Compared with FFAs-treated cells, the cells pretreated with HGT sera or fenofibrate sera all showed significantly decreased TG, AST and ALT levels (P < 0.05), reduced accumulation of the lipid droplets (P < 0.05), and lowered protein or mRNA expression levels of GRP78, p-PERK, ATF6, ATF4, CHOP, CASPASE-12, XBP-1 and p-PKC-δ (P < 0.05). PKC-δ knockdown caused significantly reduced protein expressions of GRP78, p-PERK, CASPASE-12 and CHOP in the cells with FFA-induced hepatic steatosis (P < 0.001); treatment with high-dose HGT serum more significantly reduced the expressions of GRP78 (P < 0.001) and P-PERK (P < 0.01) in FFAs-induced cells with PKC-δ knockdown. CONCLUSIONS HGT serum can effectively prevent FFAs-induced steatosis in HepG2 cells by alleviating ER stress, in which PKC-δ may act as an important target.
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Affiliation(s)
- 妙婷 杨
- 南方医科大学珠江医院药学部,广东 广州 510282Department of Pharmacy, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - 芝娟 陈
- 南方医科大学珠江医院药学部,广东 广州 510282Department of Pharmacy, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - 淳欣 肖
- 深圳市贝美药业有限公司,广东 深圳 518057Shenzhen Beimei Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - 外姣 唐
- 南方医科大学珠江医院药学部,广东 广州 510282Department of Pharmacy, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - 本杰 周
- 南方医科大学珠江医院药学部,广东 广州 510282Department of Pharmacy, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
- 中山大学附属第七医院药学部,广东 深圳 518017Department of Pharmacy, Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518017, China
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Pandey VK, Mathur A, Kakkar P. Emerging role of Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) mediated proteotoxic apoptosis in diabetes. Life Sci 2018; 216:246-258. [PMID: 30471281 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.11.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a crucial single membrane organelle that acts as a quality control system for cellular proteins as it is intricately involved in their synthesis, folding and trafficking to the respective targets. Type 2 diabetes is characterized by enhanced blood glucose level that promotes insulin resistance and hampers cellular glucose metabolism. Hyperglycemia provokes mitochondrial ROS production and glycation of proteins which exert a tremendous load on ER for conventional refolding of misfolded/unfolded and nascent proteins that perturb ER homeostasis resulting in apoptotic cell death. Impairment in ER functions is suspected to be through specific ER membrane-bound proteins known as Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) sensor proteins. Conformational changes in these proteins induce oligomerization and cross-autophosphorylation which facilitate processes required for the restoration of ER homeostatic imbalance. Multiple studies have reported the involvement of UPR mediated autophagy and apoptotic pathways in the progression of metabolic disorders including diabetes, cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury and hypoxia-mediated cell death. In this review, the involvement of UPR pathways in the progression of diabetes associated complications have been addressed, which underscores molecular crosstalks during neuropathy, nephropathy, hepatic injury and retinopathy. A better understanding of these molecular interventions may reveal advanced therapeutic approaches for preventing diabetic comorbidities. The article also highlights the importance of phytochemicals that are emerging as novel ER stress inhibitors and are being explored for targeted interaction in preventing cell death responses during diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Kumar Pandey
- Herbal Research Laboratory, Food, Drug & Chemical Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhavan 31, M.G Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Alpana Mathur
- Herbal Research Laboratory, Food, Drug & Chemical Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhavan 31, M.G Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Babu Banarasi Das University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Poonam Kakkar
- Herbal Research Laboratory, Food, Drug & Chemical Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhavan 31, M.G Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Rodríguez V, Plavnik L, Tolosa de Talamoni N. Naringin attenuates liver damage in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 105:95-102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.05.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
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Watanabe K. [From a Ph.D. Thesis: Understanding the Past, Predicting the Future]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2018; 138:211-219. [PMID: 29386434 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.17-00111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Posey et al. have reported multiple molecular diagnoses in 4.5% of cases (101/2076) in which whole-exome sequencing was informative. Distinct disease phenotypes affect different organ systems, whereas overlapping disease phenotypes are more likely to be caused by two genes encoding proteins that interact within the same pathway. My research projects at the Niigata University of Pharmacy have investigated underlying mechanisms involved in human disease, including fatty acid metabolism, diabetic cardiomyopathy, atopic dermatitis, colitis, hepatitis, etc. Three students from abroad graduated this year from the Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences. These students reported on treatments for heart disease, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and atopic dermatitis, as well as the underlying mechanisms involved in each. The titles of these reports are "Study of the role of cardiac 14-3-3η protein in cardiac inflammation and adverse cardiac remodeling during heart failure in mice", "Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: onset of mechanisms under diabetic background and treatment strategies" and "The role of HMGB1 and its cascade signaling pathway in atopic dermatitis". It can be concluded from these three theses that oxidative stress and inflammation are among the principal mechanisms underlying these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Watanabe
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences
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He X, Song ZJ, Jiang CP, Zhang CF. Absorption Properties of Luteolin and Apigenin in Genkwa Flos Using In Situ Single-Pass Intestinal Perfusion System in the Rat. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2017; 45:1745-1759. [PMID: 29121796 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x1750094x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The flower bud of Daphne genkwa (Genkwa Flos) is a commonly used herbal medicine in Asian countries. Luteolin and apigenin are two recognized active flavonoids in Genkwa Flos. The aim of this study was to investigate the intestinal absorption mechanisms of Genkwa Flos flavonoids using in situ single-pass intestinal perfusion rat model. Using HPLC, we determined its major effective flavonoids luteolin, apigenin, as well as, hydroxygenkwanin and genkwanin in biological samples. The intestinal absorption mechanisms of the total flavonoids in Genkwa Flos (TFG) were investigated using in situ single-pass intestinal perfusion rat model. Comparing the TFG absorption rate in different intestinal segments, data showed that the small intestine absorption was significantly higher than that of the colon ([Formula: see text]). Compared with duodenum and ileum, the jejunum was the best small intestinal site for TFG absorption. The high TFG concentration (61.48[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]g/ml) yielded the highest permeability ([Formula: see text]). Subsequently, three membrane protein inhibitors (verapamil, pantoprazole and probenecid) were used to explore the TFG absorption pathways. Data showed probenecid, a multidrug resistance protein (or MRP) inhibitor, effectively enhanced the TFG absorption ([Formula: see text]). Furthermore, by comparing commonly used natural absorption enhancers on TFG, it was observed that camphor was the most effective. In Situ single-pass intestinal perfusion experiment shows that TFG absorption is much higher in the small intestine than in the colon, and the TFG is absorbed mainly via an active transport pathway with MRP-mediated efflux mechanism. Camphor obviously enhanced the TFG absorption, and this could be an effective TFG formulation preparation method to increase clinical effectiveness after Genkwa Flos administration. Our study elucidated the TFG absorption mechanisms, and provided new information for its formulation preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin He
- * Natural Drug Discovery Group, School of Pharmacy, Queen's University, Belfast, BT7 1NN, Northern Ireland, UK.,† State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, JS 210009, P. R. China
| | - Zi-Jing Song
- † State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, JS 210009, P. R. China
| | - Cui-Ping Jiang
- † State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, JS 210009, P. R. China
| | - Chun-Feng Zhang
- † State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, JS 210009, P. R. China.,‡ Tang Center of Herbal Medicine and Department of Anesthesia & Critical Care, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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Haiyan W, Linyi L, Lingling Q, Dongchao W, Yueying J, Xinli W, Tunhai X, Tonghua L. Mixture of five herbal extracts ameliorates pioglitazone-induced aggravation of hepatic steatosis via activating the adiponectin receptor 2/AMP-activated protein kinase signal pathway in diabetic KKAy mice. J TRADIT CHIN MED 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0254-6272(17)30311-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Afrin MR, Arumugam S, Rahman MA, Karuppagounder V, Harima M, Suzuki H, Miyashita S, Suzuki K, Ueno K, Yoneyama H, Watanabe K. Curcumin reduces the risk of chronic kidney damage in mice with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis by modulating endoplasmic reticulum stress and MAPK signaling. Int Immunopharmacol 2017; 49:161-167. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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