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Fan C, Cheng L, Deng W. Design of deep eutectic solvents for multiple perfluoroalkyl substances removal: Energy-based screening and mechanism elucidation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 949:175039. [PMID: 39079639 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
The current landscape of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) extraction methodologies presents significant challenges, particularly for multiple PFAS with different carbon chain lengths. This study introduced an energy-driven strategic approach for screening deep eutectic solvents (DESs) to effectively remove a diverse range of PFAS, including perfluoroalkylcarboxylic acids (PFCAs), perfluoroalkanesulfonic acids (PFSAs), and perfluoroalkyl amides (FAAs), from contaminated environments (total 13 target compounds). Utilizing energy-based screening, we identified DES candidates with high affinity for a spectrum of PFAS compounds from 1234 potential starting materials of eutectic systems. Key findings revealed the superior removal efficiency of tributylphosphineoxide/2-methylpiperazine system, exceeding 99 % for various PFAS with different carbon chain lengths in real environmental water samples. Additionally, we elucidated the molecular interactions between DESs and PFAS through ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations, providing valuable insights into the mechanisms governing the removal process. The mechanism of extraction involves hydrogen bond network topology and structural organization, with DESs capable of extracting PFAS while maintaining a weakly aggregated state of target molecules and minimizing the impact on the intrinsic structures of DES. The proposed system forms a dynamic, complementary, and flexible non-covalent interaction network structure with PFAS. The study advances the understanding of DES as a designable, effective, and sustainable alternative to conventional solvents for PFAS remediation, offering a significant contribution to environmental chemistry and green technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Fan
- School of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Linru Cheng
- School of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Wanlin Deng
- School of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
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2
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Wang Z, Wang D, Fang J, Song Z, Geng J, Zhao J, Fang Y, Wang C, Li M. Green and efficient extraction of flavonoids from Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt. leaves based on natural deep eutectic solvents: Process optimization, component identification, and biological activity. Food Chem 2024; 452:139508. [PMID: 38733681 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
In this study, an ultrasonic-assisted natural deep eutectic solvent (NaDES) was used to extract flavonoids from Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt. leaves. Of 10 tested NaDESs, that comprising D-(+)-glucose and glycerol exhibited the best total flavonoid extraction rate. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used for extraction modeling and optimization, and the total flavonoid content reached 87.48 ± 1.61 mg RE/g DW, which was a significant increase of 5.36% compared with that of 80% ethanol extraction. Morphological changes in P. frutescens leaves before and after extraction were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the mechanism of NaDES formation was studied by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Furthermore, 10 flavonoids were identified by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS. In addition, the NaDES extract had better biological activity according to five kinds of antioxidant capacity measurements, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and hyaluronidase (Hyal) inhibition experiments. Moreover, the stability test revealed that the total flavonoid loss rate of the NaDES extract after four weeks was 37.75% lower than that of the ethanol extract. These results indicate that the NaDES can effectively extract flavonoids from P. frutescens leaves and provide a reference for further applications in the food, medicine, health product and cosmetic industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwen Wang
- School of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Research and Development, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Dongdong Wang
- School of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Research and Development, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Jiaxuan Fang
- School of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Research and Development, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Zixin Song
- School of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Research and Development, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Jiman Geng
- School of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Research and Development, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Jianfei Zhao
- School of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Research and Development, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yifan Fang
- School of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Research and Development, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Changtao Wang
- School of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Research and Development, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Meng Li
- School of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Research and Development, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
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3
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Augis L, Nguyễn CH, Ciseran C, Wacha A, Mercier-Nomé F, Domenichini S, Sizun C, Fourmentin S, Legrand FX. Hydrophobic binary mixtures containing amphotericin B as lipophilic solutions for the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis. Int J Pharm 2024; 662:124486. [PMID: 39033940 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Cutaneous leishmaniasis, caused by Leishmania parasites, requires treatments with fewer side effects than those currently available. The development of a topical solution based on amphotericin B (AmB) was pursued. The considerable interest in deep eutectic solvents (DESs) and their remarkable advantages inspired the search for a suitable hydrophobic excipient. Various mixtures based on commonly used hydrogen bond donors (HBDs) and acceptors (HBAs) for DES preparations were explored. Initial physical and in-vitro screenings showed the potential of quaternary phosphonium salt-based mixtures. Through thermal analysis, it was determined that most of these mixtures did not exhibit eutectic behavior. X-ray scattering studies revealed a sponge-like nanoscale structure. The most promising formulation, based on a combination of trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium chloride and 1-oleoyl-rac-glycerol, showed no deleterious effects through histological evaluation. AmB was fully solubilized at concentrations between 0.5 and 0.8 mg·mL-1, depending on the formulation. The monomeric state of AmB was observed by circular dichroism. In-vitro irritation tests demonstrated acceptable viability for AmB-based formulations up to 0.5 mg·mL-1. Additionally, an ex-vivo penetration study on pig ear skin revealed no transcutaneous passage, confirming AmB retention in healthy, unaffected skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luc Augis
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut Galien Paris-Saclay, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Cảnh Hưng Nguyễn
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut Galien Paris-Saclay, 91400 Orsay, France; Department of Pharmaceutics, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, 13-15 Le Thanh Tong, Hoan Kiem, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Cécile Ciseran
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut Galien Paris-Saclay, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - András Wacha
- Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, Budapest H-1117, Hungary
| | - Françoise Mercier-Nomé
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CNRS, Ingénierie et Plateformes au Service de l'Innovation Thérapeutique, 91400 Orsay, France; Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, Inflammation, Microbiome et Immunosurveillance, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Séverine Domenichini
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CNRS, Ingénierie et Plateformes au Service de l'Innovation Thérapeutique, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Christina Sizun
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Sophie Fourmentin
- Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, UR 4492, UCEIV, Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, 59140 Dunkerque, France
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Shokri S, Ebrahimi N, Sadeghi R. Combined experimental and computational investigation of tetrabutylammonium bromide-carboxylic acid-based deep eutectic solvents. J Mol Graph Model 2024; 131:108805. [PMID: 38838616 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2024.108805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Aiming at shedding light on the molecular interactions in deep eutectic solvents (DESs), the DESs based on tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB) as hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA) and carboxylic acids (CAs) (formic acid (FA), oxalic acid (OA), and malonic acid (MA)) as hydrogen bond donor (HBD) were investigated by both experimental and theoretical techniques. The thermal behaviors of the prepared DESs were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) method. In order to study the hydrogen bond formation between the DESs constituents, the FT-IR analysis was carried out. The large positive deviations of the iso solvent activity lines of ternary HBA + HBD + 2-propanol mixtures determined by the isopiestic technique from the semi-ideal behavior indicate that CAs interact strongly with TBAB and therefore they can form DESs. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed to present an atomic-scale image of the components and describe the microstructure of DESs. From the MD simulations, the radial distribution functions (RDFs), coordination numbers (CNs), combined distribution functions (CDFs), and spatial distribution functions (SDFs) were calculated to investigate the interaction between the components and three-dimensional visualization of the DESs. The obtained results confirmed the importance of hydrogen bonds in the formation of TBAB/CAs DESs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Shokri
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, 66177-15175, Iran
| | - Nosaibah Ebrahimi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, 66177-15175, Iran
| | - Rahmat Sadeghi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, 66177-15175, Iran.
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Teixeira G, Brandão P, Lobo Ferreira AIMC, Abranches DO, Santos LMNBF, Ferreira O, Coutinho JAP. Designing type V deep eutectic solvents with antimalarial pharmaceutical ingredients. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2024:114463. [PMID: 39197540 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2024.114463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024]
Abstract
This work studies the formation of deep eutectic solvents formed by one active pharmaceutical ingredient (quinine, pyrimethamine, or 2-phenylimidazopyridine) and a second component potentially acting as an excipient (betaine, choline chloride, tetramethylammonium chloride, thymol, menthol, gallic acid, vanillin, acetovanillone, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, syringaldehyde, propyl gallate, propylparaben, or butylated hydroxyanisole), aiming to address challenges regarding drug solubility, bioavailability, and permeability. A preliminary screening was carried out using the thermodynamic model COSMO-RS, narrowing down the search to three promising excipients (thymol, propyl gallate, and butylated hydroxyanisole). Nine solid-liquid equilibrium (SLE) phase diagrams were experimentally measured combining the three model drugs with the screened excipients, and using a combination of a visual melting method and differential scanning calorimetry. Negative deviations from thermodynamic ideality were observed in all nine systems. Furthermore, a total of four new cocrystals were found, with powder and single crystal X-ray diffraction techniques being employed to verify their unique diffraction patterns. In the thermodynamic modelling of the SLE diagrams, two COSMO-RS parametrizations (TZVP and TZVPD-FINE) were also applied, though neither consistently delivered a better description over the other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Teixeira
- CICECO, Aveiro Institute of Materials, Complexo de Laboratórios Tecnológicos, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Paula Brandão
- CICECO, Aveiro Institute of Materials, Complexo de Laboratórios Tecnológicos, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ana I M C Lobo Ferreira
- CIQUP, Institute of Molecular Sciences (IMS), Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Rua Campo Alegre 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Dinis O Abranches
- CICECO, Aveiro Institute of Materials, Complexo de Laboratórios Tecnológicos, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Luís M N B F Santos
- CIQUP, Institute of Molecular Sciences (IMS), Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Rua Campo Alegre 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Olga Ferreira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253, Bragança, Portugal; Laboratório para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253, Bragança, Portugal.
| | - João A P Coutinho
- CICECO, Aveiro Institute of Materials, Complexo de Laboratórios Tecnológicos, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal
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Panbachi S, Beranek J, Kuentz M. Hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent (HDES) as oil phase in lipid-based drug formulations. Int J Pharm 2024; 661:124418. [PMID: 38964488 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
There is increasing pharmaceutical interest in deep eutectic solvents not only as a green alternative to organic solvents in drug manufacturing, but also as liquid formulation for drug delivery. The present work introduces a hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent (HDES) to the field of lipid-based formulations (LBF). Phase behavior of a mixture with 2:1 M ratio of decanoic- to dodecanoic acid was studied experimentally and described by thermodynamic modelling. Venetoclax was selected as a hydrophobic model drug and studied by atomistic molecular dynamics simulations of the mixtures. As a result, valuable molecular insights were gained into the interaction networks between the different components. Moreover, experimentally the HDES showed greatly enhanced drug solubilization compared to conventional glyceride-based vehicles, but aqueous dispersion behavior was limited. Hence surfactants were studied for their ability to improve aqueous dispersion and addition of Tween 80 resulted in lowest droplet sizes and high in vitro drug release. In conclusion, the combination of HDES with surfactant(s) provides a novel LBF with high pharmaceutical potential. However, the components must be finely balanced to keep the integrity of the solubilizing HDES, while enabling sufficient dispersion and drug release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaida Panbachi
- Zentiva, k.s., U Kabelovny 130 102 00, Praha 10, Czech Republic; University of Basel, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Klingelbergstrasse 50 4056, Basel, Switzerland; University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwest. Switzerland, School of Life Sciences, Institute of Pharma Technology, Hofackerstr. 30 CH- 4132, Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - Josef Beranek
- Zentiva, k.s., U Kabelovny 130 102 00, Praha 10, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Kuentz
- University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwest. Switzerland, School of Life Sciences, Institute of Pharma Technology, Hofackerstr. 30 CH- 4132, Muttenz, Switzerland.
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7
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Damjanović A, Logarušić M, Tumir LM, Andreou T, Cvjetko Bubalo M, Radojčić Redovniković I. Enhancing protein stability under stress: osmolyte-based deep eutectic solvents as a biocompatible and robust stabilizing medium for lysozyme under heat and cold shock. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:21040-21051. [PMID: 39054918 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp02275k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
In biomedical and biotechnological domains, liquid protein formulations are vital tools, offering versatility across various fields. However, maintaining protein stability in a liquid form presents challenges due to environmental factors, driving research to refine formulations for broader applications. In our recent study, we investigated the relationship between deep eutectic solvents (DESs) and the natural presence of osmolytes in specific combinations, showcasing the effectiveness of a bioinspired osmolyte-based DES in stabilizing a model protein. Recognizing the need for a more nuanced understanding of osmolyte-based DES stabilization capabilities under different storage conditions, here we broadened the scope of our osmolyte-based DES experimental screening, and delved deeper into structural changes in the enzyme under these conditions. We subjected lysozyme solutions in DESs based on various kosmotropic osmolytes (TMAO, betaine, sarcosine, DMSP, ectoine, GPC, proline, sorbitol and taurine) paired either with another kosmotropic (glycerol) or with chaotropic osmolyte urea to rigorous conditions: heat shock (at 80 °C) and repetitive freeze-thaw cycles (at -20 and -80 °C). Changes in enzyme activity, colloidal stability, and conformational alterations were then monitored using bioassays, aggregation tests, and spectroscopic techniques (FT-IR and CD). Our results demonstrate the remarkable effectiveness of osmolyte-based DES in stabilizing lysozyme under stress conditions, with sarcosine- and betaine-based DESs containing glycerol as a hydrogen bond donor showing the highest efficacy, even at high enzyme loadings up to 200 mg ml-1. Investigation of the individual and combined effects of the DES components on enzyme stability confirmed the synergistic behavior of the kosmotrope-urea mixtures and the cumulative effects in kosmotrope-glycerol mixtures. Additionally, we have shown that the interplay between the enzyme's active and stable (but inactive) states is highly influenced by the water content in DESs. Finally, toxicity assessments of osmolyte-based DESs using cell lines (Caco-2, HaCaT, and HeLa) revealed no risks to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Damjanović
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Marijan Logarušić
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Croatia.
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Radović M, Jurinjak Tušek A, Reiter T, Kroutil W, Cvjetko Bubalo M, Radojčić Redovniković I. Rational design of deep eutectic solvents for the stabilization of dehydrogenases: an artificial neural network prediction approach. Front Chem 2024; 12:1436049. [PMID: 39148667 PMCID: PMC11325221 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1436049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Stabilized enzymes are crucial for the industrial application of biocatalysis due to their enhanced operational stability, which leads to prolonged enzyme activity, cost-efficiency and consequently scalability of biocatalytic processes. Over the past decade, numerous studies have demonstrated that deep eutectic solvents (DES) are excellent enzyme stabilizers. However, the search for an optimal DES has primarily relied on trial-and-error methods, lacking systematic exploration of DES structure-activity relationships. Therefore, this study aims to rationally design DES to stabilize various dehydrogenases through extensive experimental screening, followed by the development of a straightforward and reliable mathematical model to predict the efficacy of DES in enzyme stabilization. A total of 28 DES were tested for their ability to stabilize three dehydrogenases at 30°C: (S)-alcohol dehydrogenase from Rhodococcus ruber (ADH-A), (R)-alcohol dehydrogenase from Lactobacillus kefir (Lk-ADH) and glucose dehydrogenase from Bacillus megaterium (GDH). The residual activity of these enzymes in the presence of DES was quantified using first-order kinetic models. The screening revealed that DES based on polyols serve as promising stabilizing environments for the three tested dehydrogenases, particularly for the enzymes Lk-ADH and GDH, which are intrinsically unstable in aqueous environments. In glycerol-based DES, increases in enzyme half-life of up to 175-fold for Lk-ADH and 60-fold for GDH were observed compared to reference buffers. Furthermore, to establish the relationship between the enzyme inactivation rate constants and DES descriptors generated by the Conductor-like Screening Model for Real Solvents, artificial neural network models were developed. The models for ADH-A and GDH showed high efficiency and reliability (R2 > 0.75) for in silico screening of the enzyme inactivation rate constants based on DES descriptors. In conclusion, these results highlight the significant potential of the integrated experimental and in silico approach for the rational design of DES tailored to stabilize enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mia Radović
- Faculty of Food technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ana Jurinjak Tušek
- Faculty of Food technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tamara Reiter
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, Field of Excellence BioHealth, BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Kroutil
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, Field of Excellence BioHealth, BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria
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Hayyan A, Zainal-Abidin MH, Putra SSS, Alanazi YM, Saleh J, Nor MRM, Hashim MA, Gupta BS. Evaluation of biodegradability, toxicity and ecotoxicity of organic acid-based deep eutectic solvents. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 948:174758. [PMID: 39025152 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Over the past decade, deep eutectic systems (DES) have become popular, yet their potential toxicity to living organisms is not well understood. This study fills this gap by examining the toxicity, antibacterial activity and biodegradability of p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate (PTSA)-based DESs prepared from ammonium or phosphonium salts. Brine shrimp assays revealed varying toxicity levels of PTSA and salts. Allyltriphenylphosphonium bromide showing the longest survival time among all tested salts while PTSA exhibited a significantly longer duration of cell survival compared to other hydrogen bond donors. PTSA and ammonium salts (N,N-diethylethanolammonium chloride and choline chloride) as individual components showed non-toxic behavior for Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria while different PTSA-based DESs showed significant inhibition zones. Fish acute ecotoxicity tests indicated moderately toxicity for individual components and DESs, though higher concentrations increased fish mortality, highlighting the need for careful handling and disposal of PTSA-based DESs to the environment. Biodegradability analyses found all tested DESs to be readily biodegradable and it was reported that, DES 3 prepapred form PTSA and choline chloride has the highest biodegradability level. Notably, all tested DESs showed over 60 % biodegradability after 28 days. This groundbreaking study explores PTSA-based DESs, highlighting their biodegradability and potential use as antibacterial agents. Results revealed that PTSA as individual component is much better from toxicity point of view in comparison with PTSA-based DESs for any further industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeeb Hayyan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; Sustainable Process Engineering Centre (SPEC), Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
| | - Mohamad Hamdi Zainal-Abidin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, UTM, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
| | | | - Yousef Mohammed Alanazi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jehad Saleh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Roslan Mohd Nor
- Halal Research Group, Academy of Islamic Studies, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Ali Hashim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Bhaskar Sen Gupta
- Institute of Infrastructure and Environment, School of Energy, Geoscience, Infrastructure and Society, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, United Kingdom
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Goswami A, Ruhina Rahman SN, Ponneganti S, Gangipangi V, Vavialala H, Radhakrishnanand P, Selvaraju S, Mutheneni SR, Bharti S, Shunmugaperumal T. Intratympanic injections of emulsion-like dispersions to augment cinnarizine amount in a healthy rabbit inner ear model. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2024:1-25. [PMID: 39041668 DOI: 10.1080/17435889.2024.2373042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: To investigate eutectic liquid-based emulsion-like dispersions for intratympanic injections to augment cinnarizine permeability across round window membrane in a healthy rabbit inner ear model. Methods: Two-tier systematic optimization was used to get the injection formula. The drug concentrations in perilymph and plasma were analyzed via. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method after 30-, 60-, 90- and 120-min post intratympanic injection time points in rabbits. Results: A shear-thinning behavior, immediate drug release (∼98.80%, 10 min) and higher cell viability (>97.86%, 24 h) were observed in dispersions. The cinnarizine level of 8168.57 ± 1236.79 ng/ml was observed in perilymph at 30 min post intratympanic injection in rabbits. Conclusion: The emulsion-like dispersions can augment drug permeability through round window membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhinab Goswami
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research- Guwahati, Sila Katamur (Halugurisuk), Changsari, Kamrup, Assam 781101, India
| | - Syed Nazrin Ruhina Rahman
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research- Guwahati, Sila Katamur (Halugurisuk), Changsari, Kamrup, Assam 781101, India
| | - Srikanth Ponneganti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research- Guwahati, Sila Katamur (Halugurisuk), Changsari, Kamrup, Assam 781101, India
| | - Vijayakumar Gangipangi
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research- Guwahati, Sila Katamur (Halugurisuk), Changsari, Kamrup, Assam 781101, India
| | - Hariprasad Vavialala
- Bioinformatics Group, Applied Biology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, Telangana 500007, India
| | - Pullapanthula Radhakrishnanand
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research- Guwahati, Sila Katamur (Halugurisuk), Changsari, Kamrup, Assam 781101, India
| | - Sudhagar Selvaraju
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research- Guwahati, Sila Katamur (Halugurisuk), Changsari, Kamrup, Assam 781101, India
| | - Srinivasa Rao Mutheneni
- Bioinformatics Group, Applied Biology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, Telangana 500007, India
| | - Shreekant Bharti
- Department of Pathology/Lab Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Patna, Phulwarisarif, Patna, Bihar 801507, India
| | - Tamilvanan Shunmugaperumal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research- Guwahati, Sila Katamur (Halugurisuk), Changsari, Kamrup, Assam 781101, India
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11
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Doneux T, Sorgho A, Soma F, Rayée Q, Bougouma M. Electrodeposition in Deep Eutectic Solvents: The "Obvious", the "Unexpected" and the "Wonders". Molecules 2024; 29:3439. [PMID: 39065016 PMCID: PMC11279597 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29143439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are attracting considerable attention as non-conventional media for electrodeposition processes. This opinion contribution discusses the debated nature and definition of these solvents as well as some practical considerations of relevance when performing electrodeposition studies in DESs. Using a few illustrative case studies, it is shown that speciation is a key factor determining the electrochemical behaviour of chemical elements in different DESs, and that accounting for the speciation strong similarities can often be found with more conventional or more documented solvents. The need for thermodynamic data is emphasised and it is suggested to expand the composition range of these solvents beyond fixed ratios between the components to exploit the full potentialities of DESs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Doneux
- Chemistry of Surfaces, Interfaces and Nanomaterials (ChemSIN), Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Boulevard du Triomphe, 2, CP 255, B-1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Alassane Sorgho
- Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique, de Physique Spatiale et Energétique (L@CAPSE), UFR/Sciences et Technologies (ST), Université Norbert ZONGO, Avenue Maurice Yameogo, Koudougou BP 376, Burkina Faso
| | - Fousséni Soma
- Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique, de Physique Spatiale et Energétique (L@CAPSE), UFR/Sciences et Technologies (ST), Université Norbert ZONGO, Avenue Maurice Yameogo, Koudougou BP 376, Burkina Faso
| | - Quentin Rayée
- Chemistry of Surfaces, Interfaces and Nanomaterials (ChemSIN), Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Boulevard du Triomphe, 2, CP 255, B-1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Moussa Bougouma
- Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique, de Physique Spatiale et Energétique (L@CAPSE), UFR/Sciences et Technologies (ST), Université Norbert ZONGO, Avenue Maurice Yameogo, Koudougou BP 376, Burkina Faso
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12
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Manasi I, King SM, Edler KJ. Cationic micelles in deep eutectic solvents: effects of solvent composition. Faraday Discuss 2024. [PMID: 39023245 DOI: 10.1039/d4fd00045e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DES) are mixtures of hydrogen bond donors and acceptors that form strongly hydrogen-bonded room temperature liquids. Changing the H-bonding components and their ratios can alter the physicochemical properties of deep eutectic solvents. Recent studies have shown p-toluenesulfonic acid (pTSA) forms room temperature liquids with choline chloride (ChCl) at different molar ratios: 1 : 1, 1 : 2 and 2 : 1 [Rodriguez Rodriguez et al., ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng., 2019, 7(4), 3940]. They also showed that the composition affects the physical properties of these liquids and their ability to dissolve metal oxides. In this work we evaluate the solubility and self-assembly of cationic surfactants alkyltrimethyl ammonium bromides (CnTAB) in these pTSA/ChCl based liquids. CnTABs are insoluble in 1pTSA : 2ChCl, whereas in 1pTSA : 1ChCl and 2pTSA : 1ChCl they form micelles. We characterise CnTAB (n = 12, 14, 16) micelles using small angle neutron scattering and also look at interaction of water with the micelles. These studies help determine the interaction of DES components with the surfactant and the influence of varying pTSA and water ratios on these interactions. This provides potential for controlled surfactant templating and for tuning rheology modification in such systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iva Manasi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AX, UK.
| | - Stephen M King
- ISIS Neutron and Muon Source, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, OX11 0QX, UK
| | - Karen J Edler
- Department of Chemistry, Centre for Analysis and Synthesis (CAS) Lund University, Lund, 221 00, Sweden.
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13
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An S, Hao A, Xing P. Hypervalent Iodine (III)-Based Complexation for Chiroptical Supramolecular Glass, Deep Eutectic Solvent and Luminescent Switch. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2402314. [PMID: 39014909 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202402314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Hypervalent iodine(III) have widely been utilized for organic synthetic reagents. They are also recognized as positive charge-assisted, exceptionally robust biaxial halogen bond donors, while their potential in supramolecular materials is barely explored. This work reports a cyclic diaryliodonium ion as biaxial halogen bonding donor that displays remarkable binding affinity toward phenanthroline or acridine acceptors with chiral pendants. Biaxial halogen bonding enables chiroptical evolution in solution, allowing for rational control over supramolecular chirality. Leveraging their strong binding affinity, the halogen bonding complexes manifested amorphous properties and deep eutectic behavior in the solid state. Capitalizing on these attributes, this work achieves the successful preparation of supramolecular glasses and deep eutectic solvents. Additionally, halogen bonding appended light irradiation-triggered luminescence through a hydrogen atom transfer process, showing applications in anti-counterfeit and display.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuguo An
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Aiyou Hao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Pengyao Xing
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
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14
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Li Y, Sun M, Cao Y, Yu K, Fan Z, Cao Y. Designing Low Toxic Deep Eutectic Solvents for the Green Recycle of Lithium-Ion Batteries Cathodes. CHEMSUSCHEM 2024; 17:e202301953. [PMID: 38409620 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
The Lithium-ion battery (LIB) is one of the main energy storage equipment. Its cathode material contains Li, Co, and other valuable metals. Therefore, recycling spent LIBs can reduce environmental pollution and resource waste, which is significant for sustainable development. However, traditional metallurgical methods are not environmentally friendly, with high cost and environmental toxicity. Recently, the concept of green chemistry gives rise to environmental and efficient recycling technology, which promotes the transition of recycling solvents from organic solvents to green solvents represented by deep eutectic solvents (DESs). DESs are considered as ideal alternative solvents in extraction processes, attracting great attention due to their low cost, low toxicity, good biodegradability, and high extraction capacity. It is very important to develop the DESs system for LIBs recycling for sustainable development of energy and green economic development of recycling technology. In this work, the applications and research progress of DESs in LIBs recovery are reviewed, and the physicochemical properties such as viscosity, toxicity and regulatory properties are summarized and discussed. In particular, the toxicity data of DESs are collected and analyzed. Finally, the guidance and prospects for future research are put forward, aiming to explore more suitable DESs for recycling valuable metals in batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Li
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, P.R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, P.R. China
| | - Mingjie Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, P.R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, P.R. China
| | - Yanbo Cao
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, P.R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, P.R. China
| | - Keying Yu
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, P.R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, P.R. China
| | - Zixuan Fan
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, P.R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Cao
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, P.R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, P.R. China
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15
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Baby EK, Savitha R, Kinsella GK, Nolan K, Ryan BJ, Henehan GT. Influence of deep eutectic solvents on redox biocatalysis involving alcohol dehydrogenases. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32550. [PMID: 38948051 PMCID: PMC11209023 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Redox biocatalysis plays an increasingly important role in modern organic synthesis. The recent integration of novel media such as deep eutectic solvents (DESs) has significantly impacted this field of chemical biology. Alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) are important biocatalysts where their unique specificity is used for enantioselective synthesis. This review explores aspects of redox biocatalysis in the presence of DES both with whole cells and with isolated ADHs. In both cases, the presence of DES has a significant influence on the outcome of reactions albeit via different mechanisms. For whole cells, DES was shown to be a useful tool to direct product formation or configuration - a process of solvent engineering. Whole cells can tolerate DES as media components for the solubilization of hydrophobic substrates. In some cases, DES in the growth medium altered the enantioselectivity of whole cell transformations by solvent control. For isolated enzymes, on the other hand, the presence of DES promotes substrate solubility as well as enhancing enzyme stability and activity. DES can be employed as a smart solvent or smart cosubstrate particularly for cofactor regeneration purposes. From the literatures examined, it is suggested that DES based on choline chloride (ChCl) such as ChCl:Glycerol (Gly), ChCl:Glucose (Glu), and ChCl:1,4-butanediol (1,4-BD) are useful starting points for ADH-based redox biocatalysis. However, each specific reaction will require optimisation due to the influence of several factors on biocatalysis in DES. These include solvent composition, enzyme source, temperature, pH and ionic strength as well as the substrates and products under investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebin K. Baby
- School of Food Science and Environmental Health, Technological University Dublin, Grangegorman Lower, Dublin 7, D07 E244, Ireland
| | - Rangasamy Savitha
- School of Food Science and Environmental Health, Technological University Dublin, Grangegorman Lower, Dublin 7, D07 E244, Ireland
| | - Gemma K. Kinsella
- School of Food Science and Environmental Health, Technological University Dublin, Grangegorman Lower, Dublin 7, D07 E244, Ireland
| | - Kieran Nolan
- School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, D09 V209, Ireland
| | - Barry J. Ryan
- School of Food Science and Environmental Health, Technological University Dublin, Grangegorman Lower, Dublin 7, D07 E244, Ireland
| | - Gary T.M. Henehan
- School of Food Science and Environmental Health, Technological University Dublin, Grangegorman Lower, Dublin 7, D07 E244, Ireland
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16
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Wils L, Yagmur M, Bellin N, Phelippe M, Chevalley A, Bodet C, Boudesocque-Delaye L. Innovative Alkanediol-Based Eutectic Solvents for Extracting/Pre-Formulating Dermatologically Valuable Free Fatty Acids from Spirulina and Porphyridium Cakes. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:281. [PMID: 38921592 PMCID: PMC11205152 DOI: 10.3390/md22060281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The growing demand for phycobiliproteins from microalgae generates a significant volume of by-products, such as extraction cakes. These cakes are enriched with products of interest for the cosmetics market, namely free fatty acids, particularly polyunsaturated (PUFA). In this work, two cakes, one of spirulina and one of Porphyridium cruentum, were valorized using innovative natural hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents (NaDES) based on alkanediols. The most promising NaDES, as determined by physicochemical properties and screening, are mixtures of alkanediols and fatty acids. These include the mixtures of 1,3-propanediol and octanoic acid (1:5, mol/mol) and 1,3-propanediol and octanoic and decanoic acid (1:3:1, mol/mol). Two extractive processes were implemented: ultrasound-assisted extraction and an innovative mechanical process involving dual asymmetric centrifugation. The second process resulted in the production of extracts significantly enriched in PUFA, ranging from 65 to 220 mg/g dry matter with the two cakes. The extracts and NaDES demonstrated good safety with respect to epidermal keratinocyte viability (>80% at 200 µg/mL). The study of their impact on commensal and pathogenic cutaneous bacteria demonstrated significant effects on the viability of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis (>50% decrease at 200 µg/mL) while preserving Corynebacterium xerosis and Cutibacterium acnes. These results highlight the potential of valorizing these co-products using alkanediol-based NaDES, in a strategy combining an active vector (NaDES) and a growth regulator extract, for the management of cutaneous dysbiosis involving staphylococci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Wils
- UR 7502 SIMBA, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Tours, 31 Avenue Monge, 37200 Tours, France
| | - Mervé Yagmur
- UR 7502 SIMBA, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Tours, 31 Avenue Monge, 37200 Tours, France
| | - Nicolas Bellin
- Laboratoire Inflammation Tissus Epithéliaux et Cytokines (LITEC), Université de Poitiers, 86073 Poitiers, Cedex 9, France (C.B.)
| | - Myriam Phelippe
- Aqua Eco Culture, 7 Rue d’Armor Maroué, 22400 Lamballe, France
| | - Alia Chevalley
- Aqua Eco Culture, 7 Rue d’Armor Maroué, 22400 Lamballe, France
| | - Charles Bodet
- Laboratoire Inflammation Tissus Epithéliaux et Cytokines (LITEC), Université de Poitiers, 86073 Poitiers, Cedex 9, France (C.B.)
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17
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Sosa FB, Abranches DO, da Costa Lopes AM, da Costa MC, Coutinho JAP. Role of Deep Eutectic Solvent Precursors as Hydrotropes: Unveiling Synergism/Antagonism for Enhanced Kraft Lignin Dissolution. ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING 2024; 12:8930-8940. [PMID: 38872955 PMCID: PMC11168089 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.4c02529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Lignin holds significant potential as a feedstock for generating valuable aromatic compounds, fuels, and functional materials. However, achieving this potential requires the development of effective dissolution methods. Previous works have demonstrated the remarkable capability of hydrotropes to enhance the aqueous solubility of lignin, an amphiphilic macromolecule. Notably, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have exhibited hydrotropic behavior, significantly increasing the aqueous solubility of hydrophobic solutes, making them attractive options for lignin dissolution. This study aimed at exploring the influence of hydrogen bond acceptors (HBAs) and hydrogen bond donors (HBDs) on the performance of DESs as hydrotropes for lignin dissolution, while possible dissolution mechanisms in different water/DES compositions were discussed. The capacity of six alcohols (glycerol, ethylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, and 1,6-hexanediol) and cholinium chloride to enhance the solubility of Kraft lignin in aqueous media was investigated. A correlation between solubility enhancement and the alkyl chain length of the alcohol was observed. This was rationalized upon the competition between hydrotrope-hydrotrope and solute-hydrotrope aggregates with the latter being maximized for 1,4-butanediol. Interestingly, the hydrotropic effect of DESs on lignin solubility is well represented by the independent sum of the dissolving contributions from the corresponding HBAs and HBDs in the diluted region. Conversely, in the concentrated region, the solubility of lignin for a certain hydrotrope concentration was always found to be higher for the pure hydrotropes rather than their combined HBA/HBD counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipe
H. B. Sosa
- CICECO, Aveiro
Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Dinis O. Abranches
- CICECO, Aveiro
Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - André M. da Costa Lopes
- CICECO, Aveiro
Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- CECOLAB—Collaborative
Laboratory Towards Circular Economy, R. Nossa Senhora da Conceição, 3405-155 Oliveira do Hospital, Portugal
| | - Mariana C. da Costa
- School of
Chemical Engineering (FEQ), University of
Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-852, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João A. P. Coutinho
- CICECO, Aveiro
Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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18
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Bintanel-Cenis J, Fernández MA, Gómara B, Ramos L. Critical overview on the use of hydrophobic (deep) eutectic solvents for the extraction of organic pollutants in complex matrices. Talanta 2024; 270:125599. [PMID: 38199124 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
During the last decades, many efforts have been devoted to the adaptation of sample preparation techniques and methods to the principles of Green Analytical Chemistry. Among them, this article review focusses on those aimed to green the solvents involved in sample treatment. Research in this field started in the late 1990s with the synthesis of room temperature ionic liquids, which were later replaced by the deep eutectic solvents (DESs). During the last years, a subclass of DESs, the so-called hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents (HDESs) have attracted attention. HDESs have contributed to circumventing some of the limitations of early-synthesised hydrophilic DESs regarding the cost of raw materials, the simplicity of synthesis, and the biocompatibility and, apparently, the biodegradability of the mixtures. In addition, these mixtures allowed the treatment of aqueous samples and the extraction of non-polar analytes. This article discusses fundamental aspects regarding the nomenclature used concerning HDESs, summarises the main physicochemical properties of these mixtures, and through discussion of key application studies, describes current progress in the use of these green solvents for the extraction of trace organic contaminants from a variety of matrices. Remaining gaps and possible lines of future development in this emerging, active and attractive research area are also identified and critically discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Bintanel-Cenis
- Department of Instrumental Analysis and Environmental Chemistry, IQOG-CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - M A Fernández
- Department of Instrumental Analysis and Environmental Chemistry, IQOG-CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - B Gómara
- Department of Instrumental Analysis and Environmental Chemistry, IQOG-CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - L Ramos
- Department of Instrumental Analysis and Environmental Chemistry, IQOG-CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain.
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19
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Kapre S, Palakurthi SS, Jain A, Palakurthi S. DES-igning the future of drug delivery: A journey from fundamentals to drug delivery applications. J Mol Liq 2024; 400:124517. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2024.124517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
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20
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Symons J, Hall C, McCabe JF, Hall SR. Morphological Control of Crystalline Savolitinib via the Volatile Deep Eutectic Solvent Technique. CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN 2024; 24:2567-2572. [PMID: 38525101 PMCID: PMC10958444 DOI: 10.1021/acs.cgd.4c00035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Savolitinib is a compound that can crystallize in an undesirable, high aspect ratio needle morphology. This morphology type may cause issues in downstream processing. This paper demonstrates a unique method to alter the crystal morphology of savolitinib to make it more processable, resulting in the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) crystallizing out in considerably more processable stellates. The volatile deep eutectic solvent technique presents a simple and scalable method for changing the crystal morphology while maintaining the polymorph of the API in this case, confirmed via powder X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine.
E. Symons
- Complex
Functional Materials Group, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K.
| | - Charlie Hall
- Complex
Functional Materials Group, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom; Centre for Doctoral Training in
Condensed Matter Physics, HH Wills Physics Laboratory, Bristol BS8 1TL, U.K.
| | - James F. McCabe
- Early
Product Development and Manufacturing, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, U.K.
| | - Simon R. Hall
- Complex
Functional Materials Group, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K.
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21
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Qin R, Wang Z, Wei C, Zhou F, Tian Y, Chen Y, Mu T. Quantification of alkalinity of deep eutectic solvents based on (H -) and NMR. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:7042-7048. [PMID: 38345537 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp05590f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Alkaline deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have been widely employed across diverse fields. A comprehensive understanding of the alkalinity data is imperative for the comprehension of their performance. However, the current range of techniques for quantifying alkalinity is constrained. In this investigation, we formulated a series of alkaline DESs and assessed their basicity properties through a comprehensive methodology of Hammett functions alongside 1H NMR analysis. A correlation was established between the composition, structure and alkalinity of solvents. Furthermore, a strong linear correlation was observed between the Hammett basicity (H-) of solvents and initial CO2 adsorption rate. Machine learning techniques were employed to predict the significant impact of alkaline functional components on alkalinity levels and CO2 capture capacity. This study offers valuable insights into the design, synthesis and structure-function relationship of alkaline DESs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Qin
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China.
| | - Zeyu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China.
| | - Chenyang Wei
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China.
| | - Fengyi Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China.
| | - Yurun Tian
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China.
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Material Science, Langfang Normal University, Langfang 065000, Hebei, P. R. China.
| | - Tiancheng Mu
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China.
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22
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Coskun OK, Muñoz M, Dongare S, Dean W, Gurkan BE. Understanding the Electrode-Electrolyte Interfaces of Ionic Liquids and Deep Eutectic Solvents. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:3283-3300. [PMID: 38341773 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Developing unconventional electrolytes such as ionic liquids (ILs) and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) has led to remarkable advances in electrochemical energy storage and conversion devices. However, the understanding of the electrode-electrolyte interfaces of these electrolytes, specifically the liquid structure and the charge/electron transfer mechanism and rates, is lacking due to the complexity of molecular interactions, the difficulty in studying the buried interfaces with nanometer-scale resolution, and the distribution of the time scales for the various interfacial events. This Feature Article outlines the standing questions in the field, summarizes some of the exciting approaches and results, and discusses our contributions to probing the electrified interfaces by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), and neutron reflectivity (NR). The related findings are analyzed within electrical double-layer models to provide a framework for studying ILs, DESs, and, more broadly, the concentrated hydrogen-bonded electrolytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oguz Kagan Coskun
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Miguel Muñoz
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Saudagar Dongare
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - William Dean
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Burcu E Gurkan
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
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23
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Araújo CF, Ribeiro-Claro P, Vaz PD, Rudić S, Serrano RAF, Silva LP, Coutinho JAP, Nolasco MM. Exploring asymmetry induced entropy in tetraalkylammonium-urea DES systems: what can be learned from inelastic neutron scattering? Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:5969-5977. [PMID: 38088858 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp04961b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
In this work, inelastic neutron scattering (INS) spectroscopy is used to investigate the impact of entropic factors on the behaviour of deep eutectic solvents (DES). Periodic density functional theory calculations (DFT) provide a reliable assignment of the vibrational modes of pure compounds. This assignment guides the analysis of INS spectra of binary mixtures - with particular attention to methyl torsional modes. Deviations from ideality in the mixtures of tetraalkylammonium salts with urea are readily determined through a simplified thermodynamic approach. This study reports and discusses the relationship between the cation's asymmetry, the INS spectra of the eutectic mixture and its deviation from ideality. Contrary to the majority of systems studied so far, the deep eutectic system comprised of [N2,2,2,1]Cl and urea appears to owe its deviation from ideality to entropic rather than enthalpic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina F Araújo
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade de Aveiro CICECO, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | | | - Pedro D Vaz
- Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lung Unit, Champalimaud Foundation, Av. Brasilia, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Svemir Rudić
- ISIS Neutron & Muon Source, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, UK
| | - Rafael A F Serrano
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade de Aveiro CICECO, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Liliana P Silva
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade de Aveiro CICECO, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - J A P Coutinho
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade de Aveiro CICECO, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Mariela M Nolasco
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade de Aveiro CICECO, Aveiro, Portugal.
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24
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Fajar ATN, Hanada T, Hartono AD, Goto M. Estimating the phase diagrams of deep eutectic solvents within an extensive chemical space. Commun Chem 2024; 7:27. [PMID: 38347186 PMCID: PMC10861527 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-024-01116-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Assessing the formation of a deep eutectic solvent (DES) necessitates a solid-liquid equilibrium phase diagram. Yet, many studies focusing on DES applications do not include this diagram because of challenges in measurement, leading to misidentified eutectic points. The present study provides a practical approach for estimating the phase diagram of any binary mixture from the structural information, utilizing machine learning and quantum chemical techniques. The selected machine learning model provides reasonably high accuracy in predicting melting point (R2 = 0.84; RMSE = 40.53 K) and fusion enthalpy (R2 = 0.84; RMSE = 4.96 kJ mol-1) of pure compounds upon evaluation by test data. By pinpointing the eutectic point coordinates within an extensive chemical space, we highlighted the impact of the mole fractions and melting properties on the eutectic temperatures. Molecular dynamics simulations of selected mixtures at the eutectic points emphasized the pivotal role of hydrogen bonds in dictating mixture behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adroit T N Fajar
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
- Center for Energy Systems Design (CESD), International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Takafumi Hanada
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Science, Tokushima University, 2-1 Minamijosanjima, Tokushima, 770-8506, Japan
| | - Aditya D Hartono
- Mathematical Modeling Laboratory, Department of Agro-environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Masahiro Goto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
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25
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Bittner JP, Smirnova I, Jakobtorweihen S. Investigating Biomolecules in Deep Eutectic Solvents with Molecular Dynamics Simulations: Current State, Challenges and Future Perspectives. Molecules 2024; 29:703. [PMID: 38338447 PMCID: PMC10856712 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29030703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have recently gained increased attention for their potential in biotechnological applications. DESs are binary mixtures often consisting of a hydrogen bond acceptor and a hydrogen bond donor, which allows for tailoring their properties for particular applications. If produced from sustainable resources, they can provide a greener alternative to many traditional organic solvents for usage in various applications (e.g., as reaction environment, crystallization agent, or storage medium). To navigate this large design space, it is crucial to comprehend the behavior of biomolecules (e.g., enzymes, proteins, cofactors, and DNA) in DESs and the impact of their individual components. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations offer a powerful tool for understanding thermodynamic and transport processes at the atomic level and offer insights into their fundamental phenomena, which may not be accessible through experiments. While the experimental investigation of DESs for various biotechnological applications is well progressed, a thorough investigation of biomolecules in DESs via MD simulations has only gained popularity in recent years. Within this work, we aim to provide an overview of the current state of modeling biomolecules with MD simulations in DESs and discuss future directions with a focus for optimizing the molecular simulations and increasing our fundamental knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Philipp Bittner
- Institute of Thermal Separation Processes, Hamburg University of Technology, Eißendorfer Straße 38, 21073 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Irina Smirnova
- Institute of Thermal Separation Processes, Hamburg University of Technology, Eißendorfer Straße 38, 21073 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sven Jakobtorweihen
- Institute of Thermal Separation Processes, Hamburg University of Technology, Eißendorfer Straße 38, 21073 Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Chemical Reaction Engineering, Hamburg University of Technology, Eißendorfer Straße 38, 21073 Hamburg, Germany
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26
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Sharma A, Lee BS. Toxicity test profile for deep eutectic solvents: A detailed review and future prospects. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 350:141097. [PMID: 38171392 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.141097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are preferable in terms of starting materials, storage and synthesis, simplicity, and component material affordability. In several industries ranging from chemical, electrochemical, biological, biotechnology, material science, etc., DES has demonstrated remarkable potential. Despite all these accomplishments, the safety issue with DES must be adequately addressed. Different DES interacts with the cellular membranes differently. It is not possible to classify all DES as easily biodegradable. By expanding the current understanding of the toxicity and biodegradation of DES, interactions between organisms and cellular membranes can be linked. The DES toxicity profile varies according to their concentration, the nature of the individual components, and how they interact with living things. Therefore, the results of this review can serve as a baseline for DES development in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anshu Sharma
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Kangwon 24341, Republic of Korea.
| | - Bong-Seop Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Kangwon 24341, Republic of Korea.
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27
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Song Z, Chen J, Cheng J, Chen G, Qi Z. Computer-Aided Molecular Design of Ionic Liquids as Advanced Process Media: A Review from Fundamentals to Applications. Chem Rev 2024; 124:248-317. [PMID: 38108629 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
The unique physicochemical properties, flexible structural tunability, and giant chemical space of ionic liquids (ILs) provide them a great opportunity to match different target properties to work as advanced process media. The crux of the matter is how to efficiently and reliably tailor suitable ILs toward a specific application. In this regard, the computer-aided molecular design (CAMD) approach has been widely adapted to cover this family of high-profile chemicals, that is, to perform computer-aided IL design (CAILD). This review discusses the past developments that have contributed to the state-of-the-art of CAILD and provides a perspective about how future works could pursue the acceleration of the practical application of ILs. In a broad context of CAILD, key aspects related to the forward structure-property modeling and reverse molecular design of ILs are overviewed. For the former forward task, diverse IL molecular representations, modeling algorithms, as well as representative models on physical properties, thermodynamic properties, among others of ILs are introduced. For the latter reverse task, representative works formulating different molecular design scenarios are summarized. Beyond the substantial progress made, some future perspectives to move CAILD a step forward are finally provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Song
- State Key laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jiahui Chen
- State Key laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jie Cheng
- State Key laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Guzhong Chen
- State Key laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhiwen Qi
- State Key laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
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28
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Wang X, Sheng Y, Cui H, Qiao J, Song Y, Li X, Huang H. Corner Engineering: Tailoring Enzymes for Enhanced Resistance and Thermostability in Deep Eutectic Solvents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202315125. [PMID: 38010210 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202315125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs), heralded for their synthesis simplicity, economic viability, and reduced volatility and flammability, have found increasing application in biocatalysis. However, challenges persist due to a frequent diminution in enzyme activity and stability. Herein, we developed a general protein engineering strategy, termed corner engineering, to acquire DES-resistant and thermostable enzymes via precise tailoring of the transition region in enzyme structure. Employing Bacillus subtilis lipase A (BSLA) as a model, we delineated the engineering process, yielding five multi-DESs resistant variants with highly improved thermostability, such as K88E/N89 K exhibited up to a 10.0-fold catalytic efficiency (kcat /KM ) increase in 30 % (v/v) choline chloride (ChCl): acetamide and 4.1-fold in 95 % (v/v) ChCl: ethylene glycol accompanying 6.7-fold thermal resistance improvement than wild type at ≈50 °C. The generality of the optimized approach was validated by two extra industrial enzymes, endo-β-1,4-glucanase PvCel5A (used for biofuel production) and esterase Bs2Est (used for plastics degradation). The molecular investigations revealed that increased water molecules at substrate binding cleft and finetuned helix formation at the corner region are two dominant determinants governing elevated resistance and thermostability. This study, coupling corner engineering with obtained molecular insights, illuminates enzyme-DES interaction patterns and fosters the rational design of more DES-resistant and thermostable enzymes in biocatalysis and biotransformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Wang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, No. 2 Xuelin Road, Nanjing, 210097, China
| | - Yijie Sheng
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, No. 2 Xuelin Road, Nanjing, 210097, China
| | - Haiyang Cui
- RWTH Aachen University, Templergraben 55, 52062, Aachen, Germany
- Current address: Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1206 West Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Jie Qiao
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, No. 2 Xuelin Road, Nanjing, 210097, China
| | - Yibo Song
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, No. 2 Xuelin Road, Nanjing, 210097, China
| | - Xiujuan Li
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, No. 2 Xuelin Road, Nanjing, 210097, China
| | - He Huang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, No. 2 Xuelin Road, Nanjing, 210097, China
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29
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Pelosi C, Quaranta A, Rollo M, Martinelli E, Duce C, Ciancaleoni G, Bernazzani L. Preparation and Characterization of Zinc(II)-Based Lewis/Brønsted Acidic Deep Eutectic Solvents. Molecules 2023; 28:8054. [PMID: 38138544 PMCID: PMC10745514 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28248054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Lewis/Brønsted acidic deep eutectic solvents (LBDESs) are a recent class of solvents that combine the two types of acidity. In some cases, this synergy leads to enhanced catalytic properties for many reactions and applications. For this reason, it is important to discover more LBDESs. In this work, we prepared and characterized four different zinc(II)-based LBDESs, mixing ZnCl2 and various Brønsted acids: acetic, glycolic, levulinic, and formic acids. Apart from the latter, for which the corresponding DES is not thermally stable, the samples have been characterized in terms of density, viscosity, and conductivity. Notably, as zinc(II) is a diamagnetic metal, all of them are suitable for NMR spectroscopy, for example, for kinetic and mechanistic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Pelosi
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (C.P.); (A.Q.); (M.R.); (E.M.); (C.D.)
| | - Aldo Quaranta
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (C.P.); (A.Q.); (M.R.); (E.M.); (C.D.)
| | - Marco Rollo
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (C.P.); (A.Q.); (M.R.); (E.M.); (C.D.)
| | - Elisa Martinelli
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (C.P.); (A.Q.); (M.R.); (E.M.); (C.D.)
| | - Celia Duce
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (C.P.); (A.Q.); (M.R.); (E.M.); (C.D.)
- Istituto Nazionale di Ottica (INO-CNR) Area di Pisa, Centro Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Moruzzi, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Gianluca Ciancaleoni
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (C.P.); (A.Q.); (M.R.); (E.M.); (C.D.)
| | - Luca Bernazzani
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (C.P.); (A.Q.); (M.R.); (E.M.); (C.D.)
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30
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Li D, Qi L, Yang M, Gu Y, Xue Y, Chen J, He M, Yang G. Switchable Deep Eutectic Solvents for Lignin Dissolution and Regeneration. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4233. [PMID: 37959912 PMCID: PMC10650827 DOI: 10.3390/polym15214233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are promising for lignin dissolution and extraction. However, they usually possess high polarity and are difficult to recycle. To overcome this drawback, a variety of switchable ionic liquids (SILs) composed of 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU) and alcohols was synthesized and screened. According to the thermodynamic modeling suggestions, the selected DBU-HexOH SIL was coupled with hydrogen-bond donors to form switchable-DES (SDES) systems with moderated viscosity, conductivity, and pH while maintaining switchability. The SDESs produced a well-improved lignin and lignin model compound solubility compared with those of SILs; charging CO2 into SDES (SDESCO2) caused a further increase in solubility. The solubility (25 °C) of syringic acid, ferulic acid, and milled wood lignin in SDESCO2 reached 230.57, 452.17, and 279.12 mg/g, respectively. Such SDES-dissolved lignin can be regenerated using acetone as an anti-solvent. The SDES-regenerated lignin exhibited a well-preserved structure with no noticeable chemical modifications. Furthermore, the SDESCO2 lignin possessed a higher molecular weight (Mw = 10,340 g/mol; Mn = 7672 g/mol), improved uniformity (polydispersity index = 1.35), and a higher guaiacyl lignin unit content compared with the original milled wood lignin. The SDES system proposed in the present work could benefit the fractionation of lignin compounds and facilitate downstream industrial processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Letian Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China; (D.L.); (M.Y.); (Y.G.); (Y.X.); (M.H.); (G.Y.)
| | | | | | | | - Jiachuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China; (D.L.); (M.Y.); (Y.G.); (Y.X.); (M.H.); (G.Y.)
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31
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van den Bruinhorst A, Avila J, Rosenthal M, Pellegrino A, Burghammer M, Costa Gomes M. Defying decomposition: the curious case of choline chloride. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6684. [PMID: 37865651 PMCID: PMC10590384 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42267-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemists aim to meet modern sustainability, health, and safety requirements by replacing conventional solvents with deep eutectic solvents (DESs). Through large melting point depressions, DESs may incorporate renewable solids in task-specific liquids. Yet, DES design is complicated by complex molecular interactions and a lack of comprehensive property databases. Even measuring pure component melting properties can be challenging, due to decomposition before melting. Here we overcame the decomposition of the quintessential DES constituent, choline chloride (ChCl). We measured its enthalpy of fusion (13.8 ± 3.0 kJ ⋅ mol) and melting point (687 ± 9 K) by fast scanning calorimetry combined with micro-XRD and high-speed optical microscopy. Our thermodynamically coherent fusion properties identify ChCl as an ionic plastic crystal and demonstrate negative deviations from ideal mixing for ChCl-contradicting previous assumptions. We hypothesise that the plastic crystal nature of ammonium salts governs their resilience to melting; pure or mixed. We show that DESs based on ionic plastic crystals can profit from (1) a low enthalpy of fusion and (2) favourable mixing. Both depress the melting point and can be altered through ion selection. Ionic plastic crystal-based DESs thus offer a platform for task-specific liquids at a broad range of temperatures and compositions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriaan van den Bruinhorst
- École Normale Supérieure de Lyon and CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie, Ionic Liquids Group, 46 allée d'Italie, 69364, Lyon Cedex 7, France.
| | - Jocasta Avila
- École Normale Supérieure de Lyon and CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie, Ionic Liquids Group, 46 allée d'Italie, 69364, Lyon Cedex 7, France
| | - Martin Rosenthal
- Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Box 2404, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ange Pellegrino
- École Normale Supérieure de Lyon and CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie, Ionic Liquids Group, 46 allée d'Italie, 69364, Lyon Cedex 7, France
| | - Manfred Burghammer
- ESRF, The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS40220, 38043, Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Margarida Costa Gomes
- École Normale Supérieure de Lyon and CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie, Ionic Liquids Group, 46 allée d'Italie, 69364, Lyon Cedex 7, France.
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32
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Panbachi S, Beranek J, Kuentz M. Polymer-embedded deep eutectic solvents (PEDES) as a novel bio-enabling formulation approach. Eur J Pharm Sci 2023; 186:106463. [PMID: 37169098 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2023.106463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing interest in using deep eutectic solvents (DES) as a pharmaceutical delivery system for poorly water-soluble compounds. To reduce the risk of drug precipitation following oral administration, this study addresses the hypothesis that directly including a polymeric precipitation inhibitor (PI) in a DES mixture could obtain a polymer-embedded deep eutectic system (PEDES) as a novel bio-enabling formulation principle. Following broad formulation screening, a PEDES embedding 15 % w/w of polyvinyl pyrrolidone K30 (PVP) in L-carnitine:ethylene glycol (1:4, molar ratio) DES was successfully formulated as a supersaturating formulation using indomethacin as model drug. The solubility of 175.6 mg/mL obtained in DES was remarkably high, and upon release (phosphate buffer, pH 6.5) a maximum supersaturation factor of 9.8 was recorded, whereby the release kinetics displayed a suitable "parachute effect". The formulation was further characterized to include a molecular dynamics simulation. It can be concluded that PEDES appears to be a viable novel formulation approach, setting solid grounds for further research to assess the full potential of this novel type of supersaturating drug delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaida Panbachi
- University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwest. Switzerland. Institute of Pharma Technology Hofackerstr. 30, CH-4132 Muttenz, Switzerland; University of Basel, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Josef Beranek
- Zentiva, k.s., U Kabelovny 130, 102 00 Praha 10, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Kuentz
- University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwest. Switzerland. Institute of Pharma Technology Hofackerstr. 30, CH-4132 Muttenz, Switzerland.
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