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Souchak J, Mohammed NBB, Lau LS, Dimitroff CJ. The role of galectins in mediating the adhesion of circulating cells to vascular endothelium. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1395714. [PMID: 38840921 PMCID: PMC11150550 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1395714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Vascular cell adhesion is a complex orchestration of events that commonly feature lectin-ligand interactions between circulating cells, such as immune, stem, and tumor cells, and endothelial cells (ECs) lining post-capillary venules. Characteristically, circulating cell adherence to the vasculature endothelium is initiated through interactions between surface sialo-fucosylated glycoprotein ligands and lectins, specifically platelet (P)- or endothelial (E)-selectin on ECs or between leukocyte (L)-selectin on circulating leukocytes and L-selectin ligands on ECs, culminating in circulating cell extravasation. This lectin-ligand interplay enables the migration of immune cells into specific tissue sites to help maintain effective immunosurveillance and inflammation control, the homing of stem cells to bone marrow or tissues in need of repair, and, unfortunately, in some cases, the dissemination of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) to distant metastatic sites. Interestingly, there is a growing body of evidence showing that the family of β-galactoside-binding lectins, known as galectins, can also play pivotal roles in the adhesion of circulating cells to the vascular endothelium. In this review, we present contemporary knowledge on the significant roles of host- and/or tumor-derived galectin (Gal)-3, -8, and -9 in facilitating the adhesion of circulating cells to the vascular endothelium either directly by acting as bridging molecules or indirectly by triggering signaling pathways to express adhesion molecules on ECs. We also explore strategies for interfering with galectin-mediated adhesion to attenuate inflammation or hinder the metastatic seeding of CTCs, which are often rich in galectins and/or their glycan ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Souchak
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Norhan B. B. Mohammed
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Lee Seng Lau
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Charles J. Dimitroff
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
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2
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Xia J, Peng R, Fei S, Awais MM, Lai W, Huang Y, Wu H, Yu Y, Liang L, Swevers L, Sun J, Feng M. Systematic analysis of innate immune-related genes in the silkworm: Application to antiviral research. INSECT SCIENCE 2024. [PMID: 38571329 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.13363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The silkworm, a crucial model organism of the Lepidoptera, offers an excellent platform for investigating the molecular mechanisms underlying the innate immune response of insects toward pathogens. Over the years, researchers worldwide have identified numerous immune-related genes in silkworms. However, these identified silkworm immune genes are not well classified and not well known to the scientific community. With the availability of the latest genome data of silkworms and the extensive research on silkworm immunity, it has become imperative to systematically categorize the immune genes of silkworms with different database IDs. In this study, we present a meticulous organization of prevalent immune-related genes in the domestic silkworm, using the SilkDB 3.0 database as a reliable source for updated gene information. Furthermore, utilizing the available data, we classify the collected immune genes into distinct categories: pattern recognition receptors, classical immune pathways, effector genes and others. In-depth data analysis has enabled us to predict some potential antiviral genes. Subsequently, we performed antiviral experiments on selected genes, exploring their impact on Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus replication. The outcomes of this research furnish novel insights into the immune genes of the silkworm, consequently fostering advancements in the field of silkworm immunity research by establishing a comprehensive classification and functional understanding of immune-related genes in the silkworm. This study contributes to the broader understanding of insect immune responses and opens up new avenues for future investigations in the domain of host-pathogen interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junming Xia
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruoxuan Peng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shigang Fei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mian Muhammad Awais
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenxuan Lai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yigui Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hailin Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingying Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Luc Swevers
- Insect Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research Demokritos, Institute of Biosciences and Applications, Athens, Greece
| | - Jingchen Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Feng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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3
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Jeyachandran S, Radhakrishnan A, Ragavendran C. Harnessing the power of mollusc lectins as immuno-protective biomolecules. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:182. [PMID: 38261113 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-09018-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
The rapid advancement of molecular research on macromolecules has contributed to the discovery of 'Lectin', a carbohydrate-binding protein which specifically interacts with receptors on the surface of glycans and regulates various cellular activities thereby stimulating immunological functions. Considering the wide variety of sources and immunological significance, research has led to the discovery of lectins in invertebrate molluscs. Such lectins in molluscs mediate active immune response as they lack adaptive immunity. Phylum Mollusca is identified with different types of lectins such as C-lectin, Galectin, P-lectin, I-lectin, and H-lectin, along with other immunologically significant lectin molecules such as F- lectin, R-lectin, ficolins, chitinase like lectin etc., all of these with specific ligand binding and structural diversity. Molluscan C-type lectins are the most functional ones that increase the activity of phagocytic cells through specific carbohydrate binding of antigenic ligands and haemocyte adhesion thereby enhancing the immune response. Helix pomatia agglutinin and Helix aspersa agglutinin are the two H-lectins that were identified within molluscs that could even target cancer-progressing cells through specific binding. Also, these lectins identified in molluscs are proven to be efficient in antibacterial and immunomodulatory functions. These insights attract researchers to identify novel lectins in molluscs and their characterization that play a key role in protection against diseases. This review discusses the structural features of mollusc lectins, their specific binding, molecular interactions and their immunological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivakamavalli Jeyachandran
- Lab in Biotechnology & Biosignal Transduction, Department of Orthodontics, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical & Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600077, India.
| | - Akshaya Radhakrishnan
- PG & Research Department of Biotechnology & Microbiology, National College Autonomous, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620001, India
| | - Chinnasamy Ragavendran
- Department of Cardiology, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha University, Chennai, 600 077, India
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4
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Iram S, Rahman S, Choi I, Kim J. Insight into the function of tetranectin in human diseases: A review and prospects for tetranectin-targeted disease treatment. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23512. [PMID: 38187250 PMCID: PMC10770464 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Tetranectin (TN), a serum protein, is closely associated with different types of cancers. TN binds plasminogen and promotes the proteolytic activation of plasminogen into plasmin, which suggests that TN is involved in remodeling the extracellular matrix and cancer tissues during cancer development. TN is also associated with other diseases, such as developmental disorders, cardiovascular diseases, neurological diseases, inflammation, and diabetes. Although the functional mechanism of TN in diseases is not fully elucidated, TN binds different proteins, such as structural protein, a growth factor, and a transcription regulator. Moreover, TN changes and regulates protein functions, indicating that TN-binding proteins mediate the association between TN and diseases. This review summarizes the current knowledge of TN-associated diseases and TN functions with TN-binding proteins in different diseases. In addition, potential TN-targeted disease treatment by inhibiting the interaction between TN and its binding proteins is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Iram
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Safikur Rahman
- Department of Botany, Munshi Singh College, BR Ambedkar Bihar University, Muzaffarpur, Bihar, 845401, India
| | - Inho Choi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihoe Kim
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea
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5
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Schnider B, M’Rad Y, el Ahmadie J, de Brevern AG, Imberty A, Lisacek F. HumanLectome, an update of UniLectin for the annotation and prediction of human lectins. Nucleic Acids Res 2024; 52:D1683-D1693. [PMID: 37889052 PMCID: PMC10767822 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The UniLectin portal (https://unilectin.unige.ch/) was designed in 2019 with the goal of centralising curated and predicted data on carbohydrate-binding proteins known as lectins. UniLectin is also intended as a support for the study of lectomes (full lectin set) of organisms or tissues. The present update describes the inclusion of several new modules and details the latest (https://unilectin.unige.ch/humanLectome/), covering our knowledge of the human lectome and comprising 215 unevenly characterised lectins, particularly in terms of structural information. Each HumanLectome entry is protein-centric and compiles evidence of carbohydrate recognition domain(s), specificity, 3D-structure, tissue-based expression and related genomic data. Other recent improvements regarding interoperability and accessibility are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Schnider
- Proteome Informatics Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Computer Science Department, University of Geneva, CH-1227 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Yacine M’Rad
- Proteome Informatics Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Computer Science Department, University of Geneva, CH-1227 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jalaa el Ahmadie
- Proteome Informatics Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Computer Science Department, University of Geneva, CH-1227 Geneva, Switzerland
- University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CERMAV, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Alexandre G de Brevern
- Université Paris Cité and Université de la Réunion and Université des Antilles, INSERM, BIGR, DSIMB Bioinformatics Team, F-75014 Paris, France
| | - Anne Imberty
- University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CERMAV, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Frederique Lisacek
- Proteome Informatics Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Computer Science Department, University of Geneva, CH-1227 Geneva, Switzerland
- Section of Biology, University of Geneva, CH-1205 Geneva, Switzerland
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6
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Dam TK, Brewer CF. Multivalent lectin-carbohydrate interactions: Energetics and mechanisms of binding. Adv Carbohydr Chem Biochem 2023; 84:23-48. [PMID: 37979978 DOI: 10.1016/bs.accb.2023.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
The biological signaling properties of lectins, which are carbohydrate-binding proteins, are due to their ability to bind and cross-link multivalent glycoprotein receptors on the surface of normal and transformed cells. While the cross-linking properties of lectins with multivalent carbohydrates and glycoproteins are relatively well understood, the mechanisms of binding of lectins to multivalent glycoconjugates are less well understood. Recently, the thermodynamics of binding of lectins to synthetic clustered glycosides, a multivalent globular glycoprotein, and to linear glycoproteins (mucins) have been described. The results are consistent with a dynamic binding mechanism in which lectins bind and jump from carbohydrate to carbohydrate epitope in these molecules. Importantly, the mechanism of binding of lectins to mucins is similar to that for a variety of protein ligands binding to DNA. Recent analysis also shows that high-affinity lectin-mucin cross-linking interactions are driven by favorable entropy of binding that is associated with the bind and jump mechanism. The results suggest that the binding of ligands to biopolymers, in general, may involve a common mechanism that involves enhanced entropic effects which facilitate binding and subsequent complex formation including enzymology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarun K Dam
- Formerly of the Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States.
| | - C Fred Brewer
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
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7
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Luo M, Ri S, Liu L, Ri S, Kim Y, Kim T, Ju K, Zhou W, Tong D, Shi W, Liu G. Identification, characterization, and agglutinating activity of a novel C-type lectin domain family 3 member B (CLEC3B) discovered in golden pompano, Trachinotus ovatus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 140:108988. [PMID: 37541635 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
The lectins are a large family of carbohydrate-binding proteins that play important roles in the innate immune response of various organisms. Although C-type lectin domain family 3 member B (CLEC3B), an important member of C-type lectin, has been well documented in humans and several other higher vertebrates, little is currently known about this molecule in economically important marine fish species. In this study, through transcriptomic and BLAST screening, a novel CLEC3B gene was identified in the golden pompano (Trachinotus ovatus). The T. ovatus CLEC3B (ToCLEC3B) was subsequently characterized by bioinformatic analysis and compared with those reported in other species. In addition, the expression patterns of ToCLEC3B in different tissues under normal condition and at different times post pathogen challenge were assessed. Furthermore, the agglutinating activity of ToCLEC3B with and without Ca2+ against different bacteria and blood cells of donor species were verified using the recombinant T. ovatus CLEC3B (rToCLEC3B). Our results demonstrated that ToCLEC3B is a Ca2+-dependent galactose-binding lectin with a single copy of carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD). Similar to CLEC3B reported in other species, the CRD domain of ToCLEC3B consists of two α-helices, six β-sheets, and four loops, forming two Ca2+- and a galactose-binding sites. According to the phylogenetic analysis, the ToCLEC3B was highly similar (similarity at 95.00%) to that of its relative, the greater amberjack (Seriola dumerili). The expression of ToCLEC3B was detected in all tissues examined under normal condition and was significantly up-regulated by injection of pathogenic microbes. In addition, the rToCLEC3B exhibited strong agglutinating activity against different bacteria and blood cells of donor species in the presence of Ca2+. Our results indicate that ToCLEC3B is a constitutive and inducible acute-phase immune factor in the host's innate immune response of T. ovatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Luo
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Maricultural Technologies, Hainan Academy of Ocean and Fisheries Sciences, Haikou, 571126, PR China
| | - Sanghyok Ri
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China; College of Life Science, Kim Hyong Jik University of Education, Pyongyang, 99903, Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| | - Longlong Liu
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Maricultural Technologies, Hainan Academy of Ocean and Fisheries Sciences, Haikou, 571126, PR China
| | - Songnam Ri
- College of Life Science, Kim Hyong Jik University of Education, Pyongyang, 99903, Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| | - Yongchol Kim
- College of Life Science, Kim Hyong Jik University of Education, Pyongyang, 99903, Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| | - Tongchol Kim
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China; College of Life Science, Kim Hyong Jik University of Education, Pyongyang, 99903, Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| | - Kwangjin Ju
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China; College of Aquaculture, Wonsan Fisheries University, Wonsan, 999093, Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| | - Weishang Zhou
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Difei Tong
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Wei Shi
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Guangxu Liu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China.
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8
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Ikenohuchi YJ, Silva MDS, Rego CMA, Francisco AF, da Silva Setúbal S, Ferreira E Ferreira AA, Boeno CN, Santana HM, Felipin KP, de Lima AM, de Mattos Fontes MR, Paloschi MV, Soares AM, Zuliani JP. A C-type lectin induces NLRP3 inflammasome activation via TLR4 interaction in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:188. [PMID: 37349530 PMCID: PMC11073222 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04839-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Lectins are a large group of proteins found in many snake venoms. BjcuL is a C-type lectin from Bothrops jararacussu snake venom that does not present cytotoxicity action on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) at concentrations of 5 and 10 μg/mL. BjcuL demonstrates an immunomodulatory role in PBMCs with the production of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-2, IL-10, IFN-γ, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-17) in addition to stimulate T cells to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) that could play a role in the acute inflammatory reaction observed in the victims. Inflammasomes are an essential arm in cells of innate immunity to detect and sense a range of endogenous or exogenous, sterile, or infectious stimuli to elicit cellular responses and effector mechanisms. NLRP3 inflammasome is a significant target for this study, because the lectin is responsible for leukocyte activation stimulating the release of inflammatory mediators, which results in dynamic cellular responses to remove the detrimental process to the body in snakebites. Thus, this study aimed to investigate how isolated BjcuL from B. jararacussu venom affects NLRP3 inflammasome activation on PBMCs. For this, the cells were isolated by density gradient and incubated with BjcuL at different periods and concentrations for the evaluation of the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome through gene and protein expressions of ASC, CASPASE-1, and NLRP3 by RT-qPCR, Western blot, and immunofluorescence, as well as the participation of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and ROS in the IL-1β production, a product resultant of the NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Herein, BjcuL interacts with TLR4 as demonstrated by in vitro and in silico studies and induces cytokines release via NF-κB signaling. By genic and protein expression assays, BjcuL activates NLRP3 inflammasome, and the pharmacological modulation with LPS-RS, an antagonist of TLR4; LPS-SM, an agonist of TLR4; MCC950, a specific NLRP3 inhibitor, and rotenone, an inhibitor of mitochondrial ROS, confirmed the participation of TLR4 and ROS in the NLRP3 inflammasome activation and IL-1β liberation. The effects of BjcuL on the regulation and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome complex via TLR4 activation with ROS participation may be determinant for the development of the inflammatory local effects seen in snakebite victims. In addition, in silico together with in vitro studies provide information that may be useful in the rational design of TLR agonists as well as new adjuvants for immunomodulatory therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoda Janaina Ikenohuchi
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology Applied to Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, FIOCRUZ Rondônia, Rua da Beira, 7671 BR364, Km 3.5, Porto Velho, RO, CEP 76812-245, Brazil
| | - Milena Daniela Souza Silva
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology Applied to Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, FIOCRUZ Rondônia, Rua da Beira, 7671 BR364, Km 3.5, Porto Velho, RO, CEP 76812-245, Brazil
| | - Cristina Matiele Alves Rego
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology Applied to Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, FIOCRUZ Rondônia, Rua da Beira, 7671 BR364, Km 3.5, Porto Velho, RO, CEP 76812-245, Brazil
| | - Aleff Ferreira Francisco
- Department of Physics and Biophysics and Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Proteins and Bioactive Compounds Applied to Health (LABIOPROT) and National Institute of Science and Technology in Epidemiology of the Occidental Amazonia (INCT-EPIAMO), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, FIOCRUZ Rondônia, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil
| | - Sulamita da Silva Setúbal
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology Applied to Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, FIOCRUZ Rondônia, Rua da Beira, 7671 BR364, Km 3.5, Porto Velho, RO, CEP 76812-245, Brazil
| | - Alex Augusto Ferreira E Ferreira
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology Applied to Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, FIOCRUZ Rondônia, Rua da Beira, 7671 BR364, Km 3.5, Porto Velho, RO, CEP 76812-245, Brazil
| | - Charles Nunes Boeno
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology Applied to Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, FIOCRUZ Rondônia, Rua da Beira, 7671 BR364, Km 3.5, Porto Velho, RO, CEP 76812-245, Brazil
| | - Hallison Mota Santana
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology Applied to Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, FIOCRUZ Rondônia, Rua da Beira, 7671 BR364, Km 3.5, Porto Velho, RO, CEP 76812-245, Brazil
| | - Kátia Paula Felipin
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology Applied to Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, FIOCRUZ Rondônia, Rua da Beira, 7671 BR364, Km 3.5, Porto Velho, RO, CEP 76812-245, Brazil
| | - Anderson Maciel de Lima
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Proteins and Bioactive Compounds Applied to Health (LABIOPROT) and National Institute of Science and Technology in Epidemiology of the Occidental Amazonia (INCT-EPIAMO), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, FIOCRUZ Rondônia, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil
| | - Marcos Roberto de Mattos Fontes
- Department of Physics and Biophysics and Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
- Institute for Advance Studies of the Sea (IEAMAR), São Paulo State University, UNESP, São Vicente, SP, Brazil
| | - Mauro Valentino Paloschi
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology Applied to Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, FIOCRUZ Rondônia, Rua da Beira, 7671 BR364, Km 3.5, Porto Velho, RO, CEP 76812-245, Brazil
| | - Andreimar Martins Soares
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Proteins and Bioactive Compounds Applied to Health (LABIOPROT) and National Institute of Science and Technology in Epidemiology of the Occidental Amazonia (INCT-EPIAMO), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, FIOCRUZ Rondônia, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil
| | - Juliana Pavan Zuliani
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology Applied to Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, FIOCRUZ Rondônia, Rua da Beira, 7671 BR364, Km 3.5, Porto Velho, RO, CEP 76812-245, Brazil.
- Department of Medicine, Federal University of Rondônia, UNIR, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil.
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9
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Ghosh S, Ahearn CP, Isabella CR, Marando VM, Dodge GJ, Bartlett H, McPherson RL, Dugan AE, Jain S, Neznanova L, Tettelin H, Putnik R, Grimes CL, Ruhl S, Kiessling LL, Imperiali B. Human oral lectin ZG16B acts as a cell wall polysaccharide probe to decode host-microbe interactions with oral commensals. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2216304120. [PMID: 37216558 PMCID: PMC10235990 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2216304120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The oral microbiome is critical to human health and disease, yet the role that host salivary proteins play in maintaining oral health is unclear. A highly expressed gene in human salivary glands encodes the lectin zymogen granule protein 16 homolog B (ZG16B). Despite the abundance of this protein, its interaction partners in the oral microbiome are unknown. ZG16B possesses a lectin fold, but whether it binds carbohydrates is unclear. We postulated that ZG16B would bind microbial glycans to mediate recognition of oral microbes. To this end, we developed a microbial glycan analysis probe (mGAP) strategy based on conjugating the recombinant protein to fluorescent or biotin reporter functionality. Applying the ZG16B-mGAP to dental plaque isolates revealed that ZG16B predominantly binds to a limited set of oral microbes, including Streptococcus mitis, Gemella haemolysans, and, most prominently, Streptococcus vestibularis. S. vestibularis is a commensal bacterium widely distributed in healthy individuals. ZG16B binds to S. vestibularis through the cell wall polysaccharides attached to the peptidoglycan, indicating that the protein is a lectin. ZG16B slows the growth of S. vestibularis with no cytotoxicity, suggesting that it regulates S. vestibularis abundance. The mGAP probes also revealed that ZG16B interacts with the salivary mucin MUC7. Analysis of S. vestibularis and MUC7 with ZG16B using super-resolution microscopy supports ternary complex formation that can promote microbe clustering. Together, our data suggest that ZG16B influences the compositional balance of the oral microbiome by capturing commensal microbes and regulating their growth using a mucin-assisted clearance mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumi Ghosh
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
| | - Christian P. Ahearn
- Department of Oral Biology, University at Buffalo School of Dental Medicine, Buffalo, NY14214
| | | | - Victoria M. Marando
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
| | - Gregory J. Dodge
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
| | - Helen Bartlett
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
| | - Robert L. McPherson
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
| | - Amanda E. Dugan
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
| | - Shikha Jain
- Department of Oral Biology, University at Buffalo School of Dental Medicine, Buffalo, NY14214
| | - Lubov Neznanova
- Department of Oral Biology, University at Buffalo School of Dental Medicine, Buffalo, NY14214
| | - Hervé Tettelin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21201
| | - Rachel Putnik
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE19716
| | - Catherine L. Grimes
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE19716
| | - Stefan Ruhl
- Department of Oral Biology, University at Buffalo School of Dental Medicine, Buffalo, NY14214
| | - Laura L. Kiessling
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
| | - Barbara Imperiali
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
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10
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Holborough-Kerkvliet MD, Kroos S, de Wetering RV, Toes REM. Addressing the key issue: Antigen-specific targeting of B cells in autoimmune diseases. Immunol Lett 2023:S0165-2478(23)00075-5. [PMID: 37209914 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2023.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases are heterogeneous pathologies characterized by a breakdown of immunological tolerance to self, resulting in a chronic and aberrant immune response to self-antigens. The scope and extent of affected tissues can vary greatly per autoimmune disease and can involve multiple organs and tissue types. The pathogenesis of most autoimmune diseases remains unknown but it is widely accepted that a complex interplay between (autoreactive) B and T cells in the context of breached immunological tolerance drives autoimmune pathology. The importance of B cells in autoimmune disease is exemplified by the successful use of B cell targeting therapies in the clinic. For example, Rituximab, a depleting anti-CD20 antibody, has shown favorable results in reducing the signs and symptoms of multiple autoimmune diseases, including Rheumatoid Arthritis, Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody associated vasculitis and Multiple Sclerosis. However, Rituximab depletes the entire B cell repertoire, leaving patients susceptible to (latent) infections. Therefore, multiple ways to target autoreactive cells in an antigen-specific manner are currently under investigation. In this review, we will lay out the current state of antigen-specific B cell inhibiting or depleting therapies in the context of autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sanne Kroos
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Renee van de Wetering
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - René E M Toes
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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11
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Bi K, Du J, Chen J, Wang H, Zhang K, Wang Y, Hou L, Meng Q. Screening and functional analysis of three Spiroplasma eriocheiris glycosylated protein interactions with Macrobrachium nipponense C-type lectins. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 138:108810. [PMID: 37169109 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
N-glycosylation, one of the main protein posttranslational modifications (PTMs), plays an important role in the pathogenic process of pathogens through binding and invasion of host cells or regulating the internal environment of host cells to benefit their survival. However, N-glycosylation has remained mostly unexplored in Spiroplasma eriocheiris, a novel type of pathogen which has serious adverse effects on aquaculture. In most cases, N-glycoproteins can be detected and analyzed by lectins dependent on sugar recognition domains. In this study, three Macrobrachium nipponense C-type lectins, namely, MnCTLDcp1, MnCTLDcp2 and MnCTLDcp3, were used to screen S. eriocheiris glycosylated proteins. First, qRT-PCR results showed that the expression levels of the three kinds of lectins were all significantly up-regulated in prawn hearts when the host was against S. eriocheiris infection. A bacterial binding assay showed that purified recombinant MnCTLDcp1, MnCTLDcp2 and MnCTLDcp3 could directly bind to S. eriocheiris in vitro. Second, three S. eriocheiris glycosylated proteins, ATP synthase subunit beta (ATP beta), molecular chaperone Dnak (Dnak) and fructose bisphosphate aldolase (FBPA), were screened and identified using the three kinds of full-length C-type lectins. Far-Western blot and coimmunoprecipitation (CO-IP) further demonstrated that there were interactions between the three lectins with ATP beta, Dnak and FBPA. Furthermore, antibody neutralization assay results showed that pretreatment of S. eriocheiris with ATP beta, Dnak and FBPA antibodies could significantly block this pathogen infection. All the above studies showed that the glycosylated protein played a vital role in the process of S. eriocheiris infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keran Bi
- Animal Husbandry and Veterinary College, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong, Jiangsu, 212400, China
| | - Jie Du
- Animal Husbandry and Veterinary College, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong, Jiangsu, 212400, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Animal Husbandry and Veterinary College, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong, Jiangsu, 212400, China
| | - Huicong Wang
- Animal Husbandry and Veterinary College, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong, Jiangsu, 212400, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Animal Husbandry and Veterinary College, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong, Jiangsu, 212400, China
| | - Yuheng Wang
- Animal Husbandry and Veterinary College, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong, Jiangsu, 212400, China
| | - Libo Hou
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China.
| | - Qingguo Meng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Aquatic Crustacean Diseases, College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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12
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Helixor-M Suppresses Immunostimulatory Activity through TLR4-Dependent NF-κB Pathway in RAW 264.7 Cells. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13020595. [PMID: 36836952 PMCID: PMC9966133 DOI: 10.3390/life13020595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation causes a protective immune response, which can be observed by examining the inflammatory responses of macrophages. Macrophages release various immunostimulatory factors when destroying external pathogens. We induced lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in RAW 264.7 cells, a macrophage cell line, to determine whether Helixor-M can cause immuno-suppression. Helixor-M is known to have anticancer and immune effects. However, an indicator that regulates immunity has not been clearly confirmed. To this end, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was conducted to confirm Helixor-M was not cytotoxic. Western blotting and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) confirmed the anti-inflammatory effects. Additionally, immunofluorescence assay confirmed the translocation of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) p65, a representative inflammatory pathway. Helixor-M was found to be non-cytotoxic, induce the NF-κB pathway, and reduce the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokine and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). We found Helixor-M affected the PI3K/AKT/JNK pathway. Therefore, we confirmed Helixor-M acts as an anti-inflammatory agent through NF-κB, TLR4 and PI3K inhibition and that it could be an effective immunosuppressive drug.
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13
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Kunchala SR, van Dijk A, Veldhuizen EJA, Donnellan SC, Haagsman HP, Orgeig S. Avian surfactant protein (SP)-A2 first arose in an early tetrapod before the divergence of amphibians and gradually lost the collagen domain. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 139:104582. [PMID: 36306971 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2022.104582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The air-liquid interface of the mammalian lung is lined with pulmonary surfactants, a mixture of specific proteins and lipids that serve a dual purpose-enabling air-breathing and protection against pathogens. In mammals, surfactant proteins A (SP-A) and D (SP -D) are involved in innate defence of the lung. Birds seem to lack the SP-D gene, but possess SP-A2, an additional SP-A-like gene. Here we investigated the evolution of the SP-A and SP-D genes using computational gene prediction, homology, simulation modelling and phylogeny with published avian and other vertebrate genomes. PCR was used to confirm the identity and expression of SP-A analogues in various tissue homogenates of zebra finch and turkey. In silico analysis confirmed the absence of SP-D-like genes in all 47 published avian genomes. Zebra finch and turkey SP-A1 and SP-A2 sequences, confirmed by PCR of lung homogenates, were compared with sequenced and in silico predicted vertebrate homologs to construct a phylogenetic tree. The collagen domain of avian SP-A1, especially that of zebra finch, was dramatically shorter than that of mammalian SP-A. Amphibian and reptilian genomes also contain avian-like SP-A2 protein sequences with a collagen domain. NCBI Gnomon-predicted avian and alligator SP-A2 proteins all lacked the collagen domain completely. Both avian SP-A1 and SP-A2 sequences form separate clades, which are most closely related to their closest relatives, the alligators. The C-terminal carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) of zebra finch SP-A1 was structurally almost identical to that of rat SP-A. In fact, the CRD of SP-A is highly conserved among all the vertebrates. Birds retained a truncated version of mammalian type SP-A1 as well as a non-collagenous C-type lectin, designated SP-A2, while losing the large collagenous SP-D lectin, reflecting their evolutionary trajectory towards a unidirectional respiratory system. In the context of zoonotic infections, how these evolutionary changes affect avian pulmonary surface protection is not clear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasa Reddy Kunchala
- Centre for Cancer Diagnostics and Therapeutics, UniSA Cancer Research Institute, UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, SA, 5001, Australia
| | - Albert van Dijk
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Edwin J A Veldhuizen
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | | | - Henk P Haagsman
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Sandra Orgeig
- Centre for Cancer Diagnostics and Therapeutics, UniSA Cancer Research Institute, UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, SA, 5001, Australia.
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14
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Liu X, Gao J, Wei X, Zhang X, You L, Liu Y, Chen L, Liu C, Sun C, Tian X, Zhou Q, Zhang X. C-type lectin (CTL) and sialic acid-binding lectin (SABL) from Venerupis philippinarum: Function on PAMP binding and opsonic activities in immune responses. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 133:108554. [PMID: 36669603 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Lectins are a superfamily of carbohydrate-recognition proteins that bind to specific carbohydrate structures and play significant roles in immune recognition and clearance of invaders. In the study, we investigated the potential mechanisms of PAMP binding and opsonic activities of a c-type lectin and a sialic acid-binding lectin from manila clam Venerupis philippinarum (designed as VpCTL and VpSABL). Both recombinant proteins (rVpCTL and rVpSABL) could bind LPS, PGN, glucan and zymosan in vitro. Coinciding with the PAMPs binding assay, a broad agglutination spectrum was displayed by rVpSABL including gram-positive bacteria Staphyloccocus aureus, gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio harveyi, Pseudomonas putida, Proteus mirabilis and fungi Pichia pastoris, while no agglutinative activities on P. mirabilis and P. putida was observed in rVpCTL. Moreover, the phagocytosis and encapsulation ability of hemocytes could be significantly enhanced by rVpCTL and rVpSABL. More remarkable, VpCTL and VpSABL were highly detected in all the examined tissues, especially in gills and hepatopancreas. All the results showed that VpCTL and VpSABL could function as pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) with distinct recognition spectrum, perhaps involved in the innate immune responses of V. philippinarum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration, Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai, 264006, PR China; College of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai, PR China
| | - Jiqing Gao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration, Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai, 264006, PR China
| | - Xiao Wei
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration, Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai, 264006, PR China
| | - Xinze Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration, Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai, 264006, PR China
| | - Liping You
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration, Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai, 264006, PR China
| | - Yuanjin Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration, Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai, 264006, PR China
| | - Lizhu Chen
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration, Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai, 264006, PR China
| | - Caili Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration, Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai, 264006, PR China
| | - Chunxiao Sun
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration, Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai, 264006, PR China
| | - Xiuhui Tian
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration, Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai, 264006, PR China
| | - Quanli Zhou
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration, Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai, 264006, PR China.
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration, Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai, 264006, PR China.
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15
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Singh A, Arango JC, Shi A, d’Aliberti JB, Claridge SA. Surface-Templated Glycopolymer Nanopatterns Transferred to Hydrogels for Designed Multivalent Carbohydrate-Lectin Interactions across Length Scales. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:1668-1677. [PMID: 36640106 PMCID: PMC9881003 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c09937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Multivalent interactions between carbohydrates and proteins enable a broad range of selective chemical processes of critical biological importance. Such interactions can extend from the macromolecular scale (1-10 nm) up to much larger scales across a cell or tissue, placing substantial demands on chemically patterned materials aiming to leverage similar interactions in vitro. Here, we show that diyne amphiphiles with carbohydrate headgroups can be assembled on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) to generate nanometer-resolution carbohydrate patterns, with individual linear carbohydrate assemblies up to nearly 1 μm, and microscale geometric patterns. These are then photopolymerized and covalently transferred to the surfaces of hydrogels. This strategy suspends carbohydrate patterns on a relatively rigid polydiacetylene (persistence length ∼ 16 nm), exposed at the top surface of the hydrogel above the bulk pore structure. Transferred patterns of appropriate carbohydrates (e.g., N-acetyl-d-glucosamine, GlcNAc) enable selective, multivalent interactions (KD ∼ 40 nM) with wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), a model lectin that exhibits multivalent binding with appropriately spaced GlcNAc moieties. WGA binding affinity can be further improved (KD ∼ 10 nM) using diacetylenes that shift the polymer backbone closer to the displayed carbohydrate, suggesting that this strategy can be used to modulate carbohydrate presentation at interfaces. Conversely, GlcNAc-patterned surfaces do not induce specific binding of concanavalin A, and surfaces patterned with glucuronic acid, or with simple carboxylic acid or hydroxyl groups, do not induce WGA binding. More broadly, this approach may have utility in designing synthetic glycan-mimetic interfaces with features from molecular to mesoscopic scales, including soft scaffolds for cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamika Singh
- Department
of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana47907, United States
| | - Juan C. Arango
- Department
of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana47907, United States
| | - Anni Shi
- Department
of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana47907, United States
| | - Joseph B. d’Aliberti
- Department
of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana47907, United States
| | - Shelley A. Claridge
- Department
of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana47907, United States,Weldon
School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue
University, West Lafayette, Indiana47907, United States,. Phone: 765-494-6070
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16
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Niang DGM, Gaba FM, Diouf A, Hendricks J, Diallo RN, Niang MDS, Mbengue B, Dieye A. Galectin-3 as a biomarker in breast neoplasms: Mechanisms and applications in patient care. J Leukoc Biol 2022; 112:1041-1052. [PMID: 36125083 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.5mr0822-673r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Galectin-3 is a member of the lectin family encoded by the LGALS3 gene on chromosome 14. It is secreted by a wide range of immune cells and mammary tumor cells. Through its activity on the tumor microenvironment, in particular on tumor-infiltrating leukocytes, galectin-3 improves the proliferation, survival, and colonizing ability of mammary neoplastic cells. Consequently, galectin-3 expression in the tumor microenvironment could worsen therapeutic outcomes of breast neoplasms and become a biomarker and a therapeutic target in combined immunotherapy in breast neoplasms. There is a limited amount of information that is available on galectin-3 in breast cancer in Africa. In this review, we analyze how galectin-3 influences the tumor microenvironment and its potential as a biomarker and therapeutic target in breast neoplasms. We aim to emphasize the significance of investigating galectin-3 in breast neoplasms in Africa based on the results of studies conducted elsewhere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doudou Georges Massar Niang
- Division of Immunology, School of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dentistry, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Folly Mawulolo Gaba
- Division of Immunology, School of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dentistry, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Adame Diouf
- Division of Immunology, School of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dentistry, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Jacobus Hendricks
- Department of Physiology and Environmental Health, University of Limpopo, Sovenga, Limpopo province, South Africa
| | - Rokhaya Ndiaye Diallo
- Division of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dentistry, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Maguette Deme Sylla Niang
- Division of Immunology, School of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dentistry, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Babacar Mbengue
- Division of Immunology, School of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dentistry, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Alioune Dieye
- Division of Immunology, School of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dentistry, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal
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17
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Chen T, Cao F, Peng W, Wei R, Xu Q, Feng B, Wang J, Weng J, Wang M, Zhang X. Optimal regeneration and repair of critical size articular cartilage driven by endogenous CLECSF1. Biomed Signal Process Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bspc.2022.103898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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18
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Lv X, Chen Y, Cai Y, Lv C, Bi X, Wang M, Hua S, Yang D, Zhao J. A single-CRD C-type lectin from Haliotis discus hannai acts as pattern recognition receptor enhancing hemocytes opsonization. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 125:17-25. [PMID: 35525410 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.04.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
C-type lectins (CTLs), as a member of the Ca2+-dependent carbohydrate recognition protein superfamily, play multiple roles in non-self recognition and the elimination of invading pathogens. In this study, a C-type lectin was identified and characterized from the Pacific abalone Haliotis discus hannai (designed as HdClec), and its open reading frame (ORF) encoded a polypeptide of 163 amino acids containing a typical signal peptide and only one carbohydrate-recognition domain (CRD). The deduced amino acid sequence of CRD in HdClec shared identities ranging from 22.4% to 39.8% with that of other identified CRDs of CTLs. A novel NPN motif was found in Ca2+-binding site 2 of HdClec. The mRNA transcripts of HdClec were detectable in all the examined tissues of non-stimulated abalones, with the highest expression in hepatopancreas (224.13-fold of that in gills). The expression of HdClec mRNA in hemocytes was significantly up-regulated after Vibrio harveyi challenge. Recombinant HdClec protein (rHdClec) could bind lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and peptidoglycan (PGN) in vitro in the presence of Ca2+. Coinciding with the PAMPs binding assay, rHdClec displayed broad agglutination activities towards Gram-negative bacteria V. splendidus, V. anguillarum, V. parahaemolyticus, V. harveyi, Escherichia coli, and Gram-positive bacteria Micrococcus luteus. Moreover, rHdClec could significantly elicit the chemotactic response of hemocytes in vitro. And the phagocytosis and encapsulation ability of hemocytes could be significantly enhanced by rHdClec. All these results showed that HdClec could function as pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and further enhance the opsonization of hemocytes, which might play a crucial role in the innate immune responses of Pacific abalone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Lv
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Yuying Chen
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China
| | - Yaxuan Cai
- Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, 264005, PR China
| | - Chengjie Lv
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China
| | - Xiujuan Bi
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China
| | - Mengmei Wang
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China
| | - Shaomeng Hua
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China
| | - Dinglong Yang
- Muping Coastal Environment Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China; Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China; Center for Ocean Mega-science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, PR China.
| | - Jianmin Zhao
- Muping Coastal Environment Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China; Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China; Center for Ocean Mega-science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, PR China
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19
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Dam TK, Edwards JL, Kadav PD, Brewer CF. Mechanism of Mucin Recognition by Lectins: A Thermodynamic Study. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2442:169-185. [PMID: 35320526 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2055-7_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Isothermal titration microcalorimetry (ITC) can directly determine the thermodynamic binding parameters of biological molecules including affinity constant, binding stoichiometry, heat of binding (enthalpy) and indirectly the entropy, and free energy of binding. ITC has been extensively used to study the binding of lectins to mono- and oligosaccharides, but limitedly in applications to lectin-glycoprotein interactions. Inherent experimental challenges to ITC include sample precipitation during the experiment and relative high amount of sample required, but careful design of experiments can minimize these problems and allow valuable information to be obtained. For example, the thermodynamics of binding of lectins to multivalent globular and linear glycoproteins (mucins) have been described. The results are consistent with a dynamic binding mechanism in which lectins bind and jump from carbohydrate to carbohydrate epitope in these molecules leading to increased affinity. Importantly, the mechanism of binding of lectins to mucins appears similar to that for a variety of protein ligands binding to DNA. Recent results also show that high-affinity lectin-mucin cross-linking interactions are driven by favorable entropy of binding that is associated with the bind and jump mechanism. The results suggest that the binding of ligands to biopolymers, in general, may involve a common mechanism that involves enhanced entropic effects that facilitate binding interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarun K Dam
- Laboratory of Mechanistic Glycobiology Department of Chemistry, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USA.
- Health Research Institute, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USA.
| | - Jared L Edwards
- Laboratory of Mechanistic Glycobiology Department of Chemistry, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USA
| | - Priyanka D Kadav
- Laboratory of Mechanistic Glycobiology Department of Chemistry, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USA
| | - C Fred Brewer
- Departments of Molecular Pharmacology, and Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
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20
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Terada C, Wada F, Uchida M, Yasutomi Y, Oh K, Kawamoto S, Kayaba Y, Yamayoshi A, Harada-Shiba M, Obika S, Yamamoto T. Programmed Instability of Ligand Conjugation Manifold for Efficient Hepatocyte Delivery of Therapeutic Oligonucleotides. Nucleic Acid Ther 2021; 31:404-416. [PMID: 34468210 DOI: 10.1089/nat.2021.0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ligand-targeted drug delivery (LTDD) has gained more attention in the field of nucleic acid therapeutics. To further elicit the potential of therapeutic oligonucleotides by means of LTDD, we newly developed (R)- and (S)-3-amino-1,2-propanediol (APD) manifold for ligand conjugation. N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc)/asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPr) system has been shown to be a powerful and robust paradigm of LTDD. Our novel APD-based GalNAc (GalNAcAPD) was shown to have intrinsic chemical instability that could play a role in better manipulation of active drug release. The APD manifold also enables facile production of conjugates through an on-support ligand cluster synthesis. We showed in a series of in vivo studies that while the knockdown activity of antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) bearing 5'-GalNAcAPD was comparable to the conventional hydroxy-L-prolinol-linked GalNAc (GalNAcHP), 3'-GalNAcAPD elicited ASO activity by more than twice as much as the conventional 3'-GalNAcHP. This was ascribed partly to the GalNAcAPD's ideal susceptibility to nucleolytic digestion, which is expected to facilitate cytosolic internalization of ASO drugs. Moreover, an in vivo/ex vivo imaging study visualized the enhancement effect of monoantennary GalNAcAPD on liver localization of ASOs. This versatile manifold with chemical and biological instability would benefit therapeutic oligonucleotides that target both the liver and extrahepatic tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chisato Terada
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Fumito Wada
- Department of Molecular Innovation in Lipidology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Japan.,Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Mei Uchida
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yukari Yasutomi
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kaho Oh
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Seiya Kawamoto
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yukina Kayaba
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Asako Yamayoshi
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Mariko Harada-Shiba
- Department of Molecular Innovation in Lipidology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Japan
| | - Satoshi Obika
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
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21
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Shang-Guan XY, Cai YJ, Xu HZ, Cheng X, Zhang RF, Liu HX. A C-type lectin with a single CRD from Onychostoma macrolepis mediates immune recognition against bacterial challenge. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 115:160-170. [PMID: 34147614 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
C-type lectins (CTL) are a large group of pattern-recognition proteins and to play important roles in glycoprotein metabolism, multicellular integration, and immunity. Based on their overall domain structure, they can be classified as different groups that possess different physiological functions. A typical C-type lectin (named as OmLec1) was identified from the fish, Onychostoma macrolepis, an important cultured fish in China. Open reading frame of OmLec1 contains a 570 bp, encoding a protein of 189 amino acids that includes a signal peptide and a single carbohydrate-recognition domain. The phylogenetic analysis showed that OmLec1 could be grouped with C-type lectin from other fish. OmLec1 was expressed in all the tissues in our study, and the expression level was highest in liver. And its relative expression levels were significantly upregulated following infection with Aeromonas hydrophila. The recombinant OmLec1 protein (rOmLec1) could agglutinate some Gram-negative bacteria and Gram-positive bacteria in vitro in the presence of Ca2+, showing a typical Ca2+-dependent carbohydrate-binding protein. Furthermore, rOmLec1 purified from E. coli BL21 (DE3), strongly bound to LPS and PGN, as well as all tested bacteria in a Ca2+-dependent manner. These results indicate that OmLec1 plays a central role in the innate immune response and as a pattern recognition receptor that recognizes diverse pathogens among O. macrolepis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yan Shang-Guan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shan'xi, 712100, China
| | - Ying-Jie Cai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shan'xi, 712100, China
| | - Hong-Zhou Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shan'xi, 712100, China
| | - Xu Cheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shan'xi, 712100, China
| | - Rui-Fang Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shan'xi, 712100, China
| | - Hai-Xia Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shan'xi, 712100, China.
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22
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Tobias ZJC, Fowler AE, Blakeslee AMH, Darling JA, Torchin ME, Miller AW, Ruiz GM, Tepolt CK. Invasion history shapes host transcriptomic response to a body-snatching parasite. Mol Ecol 2021; 30:4321-4337. [PMID: 34162013 PMCID: PMC10128110 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
By shuffling biogeographical distributions, biological invasions can both disrupt long-standing associations between hosts and parasites and establish new ones. This creates natural experiments with which to study the ecology and evolution of host-parasite interactions. In estuaries of the Gulf of Mexico, the white-fingered mud crab (Rhithropanopeus harrisii) is infected by a native parasitic barnacle, Loxothylacus panopaei (Rhizocephala), which manipulates host physiology and behaviour. In the 1960s, L. panopaei was introduced to the Chesapeake Bay and has since expanded along the southeastern Atlantic coast, while host populations in the northeast have so far been spared. We use this system to test the host's transcriptomic response to parasitic infection and investigate how this response varies with the parasite's invasion history, comparing populations representing (i) long-term sympatry between host and parasite, (ii) new associations where the parasite has invaded during the last 60 years and (iii) naïve hosts without prior exposure. A comparison of parasitized and control crabs revealed a core response, with widespread downregulation of transcripts involved in immunity and moulting. The transcriptional response differed between hosts from the parasite's native range and where it is absent, consistent with previous observations of increased susceptibility in populations lacking exposure to the parasite. Crabs from the parasite's introduced range, where prevalence is highest, displayed the most dissimilar response, possibly reflecting immune priming. These results provide molecular evidence for parasitic manipulation of host phenotype and the role of gene regulation in mediating host-parasite interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary J C Tobias
- MIT-WHOI Joint Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Science and Engineering, Cambridge and Woods Hole, MA, USA.,Department of Biology, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, USA.,Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Amy E Fowler
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
| | | | - John A Darling
- National Exposure Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Mark E Torchin
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Ancon, Republic of Panama
| | | | - Gregory M Ruiz
- Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, MD, USA
| | - Carolyn K Tepolt
- Department of Biology, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, USA.,Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, MD, USA
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23
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Chen H, Cai X, Qiu H, Fang J, Wu X. A novel C-type lectin from Crassostrea gigas involved in the innate defense against Vibrio alginolyticus. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 566:155-163. [PMID: 34126346 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.05.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
C-type lectins (CTLs) are important immune molecules that participate in invertebrate defense response. In the present work, a novel structural CTL (CgLec-4E) was identified from Crassostrea gigas, which encodes 237 amino acids (aa) with an extra long chain of aa and in the C-type CRD domain with EPA, QPG and WHD mutated motifs respectively. rCgLec-4E could agglutinate and inhibit the growth of Vibrio alginolyticus, except Chlorella, which might be relevant to three mutated motifs. CgLec-4E was mainly expressed in digestive gland, and its expression level was significantly up-regulated post V. alginolyticus challenge, indicating that the high expression of CgLec-4E could provide necessary mucosal immune protections and might involve in food particle recognition for C. gigas. Moreover, the subcellular locations indicated that CgLec-4E might play different roles in the immune response. Taken together, our results enrich our understanding of the structures and function of CTLs in invertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglin Chen
- College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaohui Cai
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, Ocean College, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, 535011, China
| | - Hangna Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Change and Resources Use in Beibu Gulf (Nanning Normal University), Ministry of Education, Nanning 530001, China
| | - Jing Fang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, Ocean College, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, 535011, China
| | - Xinzhong Wu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, Ocean College, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, 535011, China; College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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24
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Zhang Y, Li K, Li C, Liang W, Li K, Li J, Wei X, Yang J. An atypical KLRG1 in Nile tilapia involves in adaptive immunity as a potential marker for activated T lymphocytes. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 113:51-60. [PMID: 33798718 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Killer cell lectin-like receptor G subfamily 1 (KLRG1) is a receptor generally expressed on effector CD8+ T cells or NK cells at terminal differentiation stage, and it will be highly induced for lymphocyte cytotoxicity upon pathogen infection or lymphocyte activation. However, little is known about the character or function of KLRG1 in lower vertebrates. In present study, we reappraised a molecule that previously defined as KLRG1 in the genomic sequence of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus, and identified it as an atypical KLRG1-like molecule (defined as On-KLRG1-L), and illustrated its potential function serving as a marker representing effector T lymphocytes of fish species. On-KLRG1-L consists of two C-type lectin-like domains (CTLDs) without transmembrane region, and the tertiary structure of the CTLD is highly alike to that in mouse KLRG1. As a CTLD-containing protein, the recombinant On-KLRG1-L could bind PGN and several microbes in vitro. On-KLRG1-L was widely expressed in immune-associated tissues, with the highest expression level in the gill. Once Nile tilapia is infected by Aeromonas hydrophila, mRNA level of On-KLRG1-L in spleen lymphocytes were significantly up-regulated on 5 days after infection. Meanwhile, On-KLRG1-L protein was also induced on 5 or 8 days after A. hydrophila infection. Furthermore, we found both mRNA and protein levels of On-KLRG1-L were dramatically enhanced within several hours after spleen lymphocytes were activated by T cell-specific mitogen PHA in vitro. More importantly, the ratio of On-KLRG1-L+ T cells was also augmented after PHA stimulation. The observations suggested that the KLRG1-like molecule from Nile tilapia participated in lymphocyte activation and anti-bacterial adaptive immune response, and could serve as an activation marker of T lymphocytes. Our study thus provided new evidences to understand lymphocyte-mediated adaptive immunity of teleost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Kang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Cheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Wei Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Kunming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Xiumei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
| | - Jialong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China.
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25
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Sivaji N, Harish N, Singh S, Singh A, Vijayan M, Surolia A. Mevo lectin specificity towards high-mannose structures with terminal αMan(1,2)αMan residues and its implication to inhibition of the entry of Mycobacterium tuberculosis into macrophages. Glycobiology 2021; 31:1046-1059. [PMID: 33822039 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwab022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mannose-binding lectins can specifically recognize and bind complex glycan structures on pathogens and have potential as anti-viral and anti-bacterial agents. We previously reported the structure of a lectin from an archaeal species, Mevo lectin, which has specificity towards terminal α1,2 linked manno-oligosaccharides. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) expresses mannosylated structures including, lipoarabinomannan (ManLAM) on its surface and exploits C-type lectins to gain entry into the host cells. ManLAM structure has mannose capping with terminal αMan(1,2)αMan residues and is important for recognition by innate immune cells. Here, we aim to address the specificity of Mevo lectin towards high-mannose type glycans with terminal αMan(1,2)αMan residues and its effect on M. tuberculosis internalization by macrophages. ITC studies demonstrated that Mevo lectin shows preferential binding towards manno-oligosaccharides with terminal αMan(1,2)αMan structures, and showed a strong affinity for ManLAM, whereas it binds weakly to Mycobacterium smegmatis (M. smegmatis) lipoarabinomannan (MsmLAM), which displays relatively fewer and shorter mannosyl caps. Crystal structure of Mevo lectin complexed with a Man7D1 revealed the multivalent cross-linking interaction, which explains avidity-based high affinity for these ligands when compared to previously studied manno-oligosaccharides lacking the specific termini. Functional studies suggest that M. tuberculosis internalization by the macrophage was impaired by binding of Mevo lectin to ManLAM present on the surface of M. tuberculosis. Selectivity shown by Mevo lectin towards glycans with terminal αMan(1,2)αMan structures, and its ability to compromise the internalization of M. tuberculosis in vitro, underscore the potential utility of Mevo lectin as a research tool to study host-pathogen interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nukathoti Sivaji
- Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Nikitha Harish
- Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Samsher Singh
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Amit Singh
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Mamannamana Vijayan
- Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Avadhesha Surolia
- Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
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26
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Huang Y, Ren Q. Innate immune responses against viral pathogens in Macrobrachium. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 117:103966. [PMID: 33338519 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2020.103966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Some members of genus Macrobrachium are important economically prawns and valuable objects for studying the innate immune defense mechanism of crustaceans. Studies have focused on immune responses against bacterial and fungal infections and have expanded to include antiviral immunity over the past two decades. Similar to all living organisms, prawns are exposed to viruses, including white spot syndrome virus, Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus, and Decapod iridescent virus 1 and develop effective defense mechanisms. Here, we review current understanding of the antiviral host defense in two species of Macrobrachium. The main antiviral defense of Macrobrachium is the activation of intracellular signaling cascades, leading to the activation of cellular responses (apoptosis) and humoral responses (immune-related signaling pathways, antimicrobial and antiviral peptides, lectins, and prophenoloxidase-activating system).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Huang
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210098, China
| | - Qian Ren
- College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China.
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27
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Ryzhikov AB, Onkhonova GS, Imatdinov IR, Gavrilova EV, Maksyutov RA, Gordeeva EA, Pazynina GV, Ryzhov IM, Shilova NV, Bovin NV. Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 S Protein Binds to Glycans of the Lactosamine Family in vitro. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2021; 86:243-247. [PMID: 33838626 PMCID: PMC7905424 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297921030019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Many viruses, beside binding to their main cell target, interact with other molecules that promote virus adhesion to the cell; often, these additional targets are glycans. The main receptor for SARS-CoV-2 is a peptide motif in the ACE2 protein. We studied interaction of the recombinant SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein with an array of glycoconjugates, including various sialylated, sulfated, and other glycans, and found that the S protein binds some (but not all) glycans of the lactosamine family. We suggest that parallel influenza infection will promote SARS-CoV-2 adhesion to the respiratory epithelial cells due to the unmasking of lactosamine chains by the influenza virus neuraminidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandr B Ryzhikov
- Vector State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology, Rospotrebnadzor, Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Region, 630559, Russia
| | - Galina S Onkhonova
- Vector State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology, Rospotrebnadzor, Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Region, 630559, Russia
| | - Ilnaz R Imatdinov
- Vector State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology, Rospotrebnadzor, Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Region, 630559, Russia
| | - Elena V Gavrilova
- Vector State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology, Rospotrebnadzor, Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Region, 630559, Russia
| | - Rinat A Maksyutov
- Vector State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology, Rospotrebnadzor, Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Region, 630559, Russia
| | - Elena A Gordeeva
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Galina V Pazynina
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Ivan M Ryzhov
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Nadezhda V Shilova
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia
- Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Nicolai V Bovin
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia.
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28
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Huang Y, Jiang F, Wang R, Shi Y, Hu S, Wu T, Zhao Z. In silico characterization and expression analysis of eight C-type lectins in obscure puffer Takifugu obscurus. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2021; 234:110200. [PMID: 33571917 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2021.110200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
C-type lectins (CTLs) are a group of carbohydrate-binding proteins that play crucial roles in innate immune defense against invading pathogens. CTLs have been extensively studied in lower vertebrates, such as fish, for their roles in eliminating pathogens; however, their homologs in pufferfish are not well known. In the present study, eight CTLs from obscure puffer Takifugu obscurus (designated as ToCTL3-10 according to the order they were discovered) were obtained. All predicted ToCTL proteins contained a single carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD). ToCTL7 also contained one calcium-binding epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like domain (EGF_CA) and a transmembrane region. ToCTL9 also contained an SCP domain, an EGF domain, and an EGF-like domain. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that ToCTL3-10 mainly clustered with the corresponding CTL homologs of other pufferfish species. Tissue distribution analysis detected ToCTL3-10 in all tissues examined, including kidneys, liver, gills, spleen, intestines, and heart. Moreover, the expressions of ToCTL3-10 were significantly induced in the kidneys of obscure puffer following challenges with three Gram-negative bacterial pathogens, namely, Vibrio harveyi, Aeromonas hydrophila, and Edwardsiella tarda, and a synthetic analog of double-stranded RNA poly(I:C). The expression patterns of ToCTL3-10 in response to different immune stimulants were different. Our results indicated that the eight ToCTLs obtained herein might be involved in host defense against bacterial and poly(I:C) infections in T. obscurus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Huang
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210098, China; Postdoctoral Innovation Practice Base, Jiangsu Shuixian Industrial Company Limited, 40 Tonghu Road, Baoying, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225800, China
| | - Fuhui Jiang
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210098, China
| | - Ruixia Wang
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210098, China
| | - Yan Shi
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210098, China
| | - Sufei Hu
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210098, China
| | - Ting Wu
- Postdoctoral Innovation Practice Base, Jiangsu Shuixian Industrial Company Limited, 40 Tonghu Road, Baoying, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225800, China
| | - Zhe Zhao
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210098, China.
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29
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Shang-Guan XY, Xu HZ, Cheng X, Zhang RF, Lu YT, Liu HX. A C-type lectin (OmCTL) in Onychostoma macrolepis: Binding ability to LPS, PGN and agglutinating activity against bacteria. Mol Immunol 2021; 132:21-29. [PMID: 33524771 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2021.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
C-type lectins (CTLs) are calcium-dependent carbohydrate-binding proteins that mainly bind to carbohydrate-based or other ligands to mediate cell adhesion, recognize pathogens, and play important roles in the immune system. In the present study, a novel C-type lectin (OmCTL) isolated from Onychostoma macrolepis was investigated. The open reading frame of OmCTL comprises 468 bp, encoding a 155 amino acid polypeptide with an 18 amino acid putative signaling peptide. The predicted primary OmCTL structure contains a signal peptide, a single carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) and an EPN/WND motif required for carbohydrate-binding specificity. Using tissue expression pattern analysis, OmCTL has been shownto be highly expressed in the liver, and is also detected in other tissues. OmCTL was significantly upregulated in the liver and spleen following infection with Aeromonas hydrophila, suggesting its involvement in immune response. The recombinant OmCTL protein (rOmCTL) agglutinated two gram-negative bacteria, Escherichia coli and A. hydrophila, in vitro in the presence of Ca2+, showing that it is a typical Ca2+-dependent carbohydrate-binding protein.Furthermore, rOmCTL purified from E. coli BL21 (DE3) strongly bound to LPS and PGN, as well as all tested bacteria in a Ca2+-independent manner. These results indicate that OmCTL plays a central role in the innate immune response and as a pattern recognition receptor that recognizes diverse pathogens among O. macrolepis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yan Shang-Guan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shan'xi, 712100, China
| | - Hong-Zhou Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shan'xi, 712100, China
| | - Xu Cheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shan'xi, 712100, China
| | - Rui-Fang Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shan'xi, 712100, China
| | - Yi-Tong Lu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shan'xi, 712100, China
| | - Hai-Xia Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shan'xi, 712100, China.
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30
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Le Roy N, Ganot P, Aranda M, Allemand D, Tambutté S. The skeletome of the red coral Corallium rubrum indicates an independent evolution of biomineralization process in octocorals. BMC Ecol Evol 2021; 21:1. [PMID: 33514311 PMCID: PMC7853314 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-020-01734-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The process of calcium carbonate biomineralization has arisen multiple times during metazoan evolution. In the phylum Cnidaria, biomineralization has mostly been studied in the subclass Hexacorallia (i.e. stony corals) in comparison to the subclass Octocorallia (i.e. red corals); the two diverged approximately 600 million years ago. The precious Mediterranean red coral, Corallium rubrum, is an octocorallian species, which produces two distinct high-magnesium calcite biominerals, the axial skeleton and the sclerites. In order to gain insight into the red coral biomineralization process and cnidarian biomineralization evolution, we studied the protein repertoire forming the organic matrix (OM) of its two biominerals. Results We combined High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry and transcriptome analysis to study the OM composition of the axial skeleton and the sclerites. We identified a total of 102 OM proteins, 52 are found in the two red coral biominerals with scleritin being the most abundant protein in each fraction. Contrary to reef building corals, the red coral organic matrix possesses a large number of collagen-like proteins. Agrin-like glycoproteins and proteins with sugar-binding domains are also predominant. Twenty-seven and 23 proteins were uniquely assigned to the axial skeleton and the sclerites, respectively. The inferred regulatory function of these OM proteins suggests that the difference between the two biominerals is due to the modeling of the matrix network, rather than the presence of specific structural components. At least one OM component could have been horizontally transferred from prokaryotes early during Octocorallia evolution. Conclusion Our results suggest that calcification of the red coral axial skeleton likely represents a secondary calcification of an ancestral gorgonian horny axis. In addition, the comparison with stony coral skeletomes highlighted the low proportion of similar proteins between the biomineral OMs of hexacorallian and octocorallian corals, suggesting an independent acquisition of calcification in anthozoans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Le Roy
- Centre Scientifique de Monaco, 8 Quai Antoine 1er, Monaco, MC, 98000, Monaco. .,BOA UMR83, INRAe Centre Val de Loire, 37380, Nouzilly, France.
| | - Philippe Ganot
- Centre Scientifique de Monaco, 8 Quai Antoine 1er, Monaco, MC, 98000, Monaco
| | - Manuel Aranda
- Red Sea Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Denis Allemand
- Centre Scientifique de Monaco, 8 Quai Antoine 1er, Monaco, MC, 98000, Monaco
| | - Sylvie Tambutté
- Centre Scientifique de Monaco, 8 Quai Antoine 1er, Monaco, MC, 98000, Monaco
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Sivakamavalli J, Park K, Kwak IS, Vaseeharan B. Purification and partial characterization of carbohydrate-recognition protein C-type lectin from Hemifusus pugilinus. Carbohydr Res 2020; 499:108224. [PMID: 33450477 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2020.108224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A mannose binding lectin (C-type lectin) was detected in a molluscan snail Hemifusus pugilinus, this lectin molecule was isolated and purified from the plasma using mannose-fixed sepharose CL-4B column affinity chromatography. The purified protein corresponds to the molecular weight of 118 kDa on an SDS-PAGE gel. The divalent cation-dependent nature of the H. pugilinus lectin (Hp-Lec) evidenced through pH and thermal stability analysis using Circular Dichroism (CD) and Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) respectively. Functional investigations of the Hp-Lec reveal a broad spectrum of bacterial agglutination activity against wide range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains. Furthermore, Hp-Lec displayed the haemo agglutination activity against vertebrate red blood cells (RBCs) and its titers were recorded. Excitingly, microbial virulent pathogens such as fungal strains tested against the purified Hp-Lec (25 and 50 μg/ml), which exhibits the effective antifungal activity against tested fungal pathogens such as Aspergillus niger and A. flavus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeyachandran Sivakamavalli
- Fisheries Science Institute, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, 59626, South Korea; Department of Biotechnology & Microbiology, National College, Tiruchirappalli, 620001, India; Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Kiyun Park
- Fisheries Science Institute, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, 59626, South Korea; Department of Biotechnology & Microbiology, National College, Tiruchirappalli, 620001, India.
| | - Ihn-Sil Kwak
- Fisheries Science Institute, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, 59626, South Korea; Department of Biotechnology & Microbiology, National College, Tiruchirappalli, 620001, India; Faculty of Marine Technology, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, 59626, South Korea.
| | - Baskaralingam Vaseeharan
- Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Nabavi Z, Baniardalani M, Basseri H. Purification and Partial Characterization of Agglutinin Lectin from Heamolymph of German Cockroach, Blattella germanica. J Arthropod Borne Dis 2020; 14:144-152. [PMID: 33365342 PMCID: PMC7738926 DOI: 10.18502/jad.v14i2.3732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Lectin molecules have crucial biological role in insects’ immune system. The aim of present study was to find the agglutinin activities in haemolymph of German cockroach, Belatella germanica with appropriate screening and purification. Methods: The heamolymph of cockroach was collected and agglutinin test performed against different animal and human red blood cells (RBC). Then sugar inhibition assay was carried out to find carbohydrate specific binding lectin. The proteins of haemolymph was purified using ion-exchange chromatography (HPLC) and each fraction was tested for agglutinin activity. Finally the molecular weight of the agglutinin protein was determined using SDS-page. Results: The most agglutinin activity of haemolymph was found against RBC of mouse at titer 1/128ml/L dilution and sugar inhibition assay showed that fucos, N-acetyglucoseamine and galactose reduced titer of agglutinin to ½ml/L. Only one fraction of heamolymph at rotation time of 36 minute showed agglutinin activity. The molecular weight of this lectin was measured as 120Kds. Conclusion: The range of agglutinin activities against different RBC indicates that the isolated lectin is not specific for a particular carbohydrate. In addition, the isolated lectin at low concentration present in heamolymph should be an innate lactin not secreted, because we found it without any trigger immunity of the insect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Nabavi
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mozhgan Baniardalani
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Basseri
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Zhang XW, Yang CH, Zhang HQ, Pan XT, Jin ZY, Zhang HW, Xia XH. A C-type lectin with antibacterial activity in weather loach, Misgurnus anguillicaudatus. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2020; 43:1531-1539. [PMID: 32924173 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
C-type lectins are carbohydrate-binding proteins that play important roles in immunity by serving as pattern recognition receptors. In the present study, a novel nattectin-like C-type lectin was obtained from the weather loach, Misgurnus anguillicaudatus, designated as MaCTL. MaCTL encodes a peptide with 165 amino acids, with a signal peptide and a single C-type lectin domain (CTLD), containing a galactose-specific QPD motif and a conserved Ca2+ -binding site. Transcripts of MaCTL were significantly upregulated after immune challenge with its pathogen A. hydrophila. In vitro assays with recombinant MaCTL protein revealed that it exhibited hemagglutinating and bacterial agglutinating activities, in a Ca2+ -dependent manner. MaCTL was found to bind to a wide range of bacteria, as well as bind to bacterial polysaccharides LPS and PGN. Moreover, MaCTL displayed antimicrobial activity by inhibiting the growth of bacteria. These results collectively suggest that MaCTL is involved in the antibacterial defence of weather loach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Wen Zhang
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Cong-Hui Yang
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Hong-Quan Zhang
- Qingdao West Coast New Area No.1 High School, Qingdao, China
| | - Xin-Tong Pan
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Ze-Yu Jin
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Hong-Wei Zhang
- Department of Nature Resources, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Xiao-Hua Xia
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
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Lin J, Ning J, Lu X, Chen M, Cao W, Wang C. Transcriptomic analysis and expression of C-type lectins in response to Vibrio parahaemolyticus challenge in Scapharca subcrenata. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 106:365-373. [PMID: 32800981 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Little information is available on innate immune defense mechanisms of Scapharca subcrenata. C-type lectins (CTLs) are not only pattern recognition proteins that can bind pathogen-associated molecular patterns, but also crucial maternally-derived immune factors in mollusc egg. In this study, the comparative transcriptome analysis of Vibrio parahaemolyticus-infected and untreated hepatopancreas were performed to identify the key genes involved in maternal transfer of immunity. A total of 3514 and 9327 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified at 6 and 48 h post challenge compared to control groups. Gene Ontology and Cluster of Orthologous Groups analysis showed that most DEGs were classified under regulation of signal transduction, regulation of the metabolic process of carbohydrates and secondary metabolites, while the processes of posttranscriptional modification and protein translation were inhibited manifestly. The DEGs were most enriched in pathways related to lysosome, phagosome and EMC-receptor interaction. Among the DEGs, 191 maternal immune-related genes that could provide developing embryos a better protection against pathogen infection were identified according to previous studies. Additionally, five CTLs (designated as SsCTL1-5) identified from the DEGs were cloned, and their expression patterns in different tissues and post immune stimulation were analyzed. These findings would be beneficial for understanding the innate immune defense mechanisms of S. subcrenata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiliang Lin
- Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Junhao Ning
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Xia Lu
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Min Chen
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Weian Cao
- Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Chunde Wang
- Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China; Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, China.
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He J, Shen C, Liang H, Fang X, Lu J. Antimicrobial properties and immune-related gene expression of a C-type lectin isolated from Pinctada fucata martensii. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 105:330-340. [PMID: 32712228 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
C-type lectins are carbohydrate-binding proteins that play important roles in the innate immune response to pathogen infections. Here, multi-step high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), combined with mass spectrometry (MS), was used to isolate and identify proteins with antibacterial activity from the serum of Pinctada fucata martensii. Using this method, we obtained a novel isoform of C-type lectin (PmCTL-1). PmCTL-1 strongly inhibited gram-positive bacteria. The complete cDNA sequence of PmCTL-1 was 636 bp in length, and encoded a protein 149 amino acids long, containing a typical carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD). A phylogenetic analysis based on a multiple sequence alignment indicated that PmCTL-1 was highly similar to C-type lectins from other mollusks. Fluorescent quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed that PmCTL-1 mRNA was strongly upregulated in the mantle of healthy P.f. martensii, but was expressed only at low levels in the gill, gonad, hepatopancreas, adductor muscle, and hemocytes. PmCTL-1 expression levels in the mantle and hemocytes increased significantly in response to bacterial stimulation. This study provides a valuable framework for further explorations of innate immunity and the immune response in mollusks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjun He
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China; Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Chenghao Shen
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China; Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Haiying Liang
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China; Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Xiaochen Fang
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jinzhao Lu
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, PR China
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Jiang K, Nie H, Li D, Yan X. New insights into the Manila clam and PAMPs interaction based on RNA-seq analysis of clam through in vitro challenges with LPS, PGN, and poly(I:C). BMC Genomics 2020; 21:531. [PMID: 32738896 PMCID: PMC7430831 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-06914-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Manila clam (Ruditapes philippinarum) is a worldwide commercially important marine bivalve species. In recent years, however, microbial diseases caused high economic losses and have received increasing attention. To understand the molecular basis of the immune response to pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) in R. philippinarum, transcriptome libraries of clam hepatopancreas were constructed at 24 h post-injection with Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), peptidoglycan (PGN), and polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C)) and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) control by using RNA sequencing technology (RNA-seq). Results A total of 832, 839, and 188 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found in LPS, PGN, and poly(I:C) challenge group compared with PBS control, respectively. Several immune-related genes and pathways were activated in response to the different PAMPs, suggesting these genes and pathways might specifically participate in the immune response to pathogens. Besides, the analyses provided useful complementary data to compare different PAMPs challenges in vivo. Functional enrichment analysis of DEGs demonstrated that PAMPs responsive signal pathways were related to apoptosis, signal transduction, immune system, and signaling molecules and interaction. Several shared or specific DEGs response to different PAMPs were revealed in R. philippinarum, including pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), interferon-induced proteins (IFI), and some other immune-related genes were found in the present work. Conclusions This is the first study employing high throughput transcriptomic sequencing to provide valuable genomic resources and investigate Manila clam response to different PAMPs through in vivo challenges with LPS, PGN, and poly(I:C). The results obtained here provide new insights to understanding the immune characteristics of R. philippinarum response to different PAMPs. This information is critical to elucidate the molecular basis of R. philippinarum response to different pathogens invasion, which potentially can be used to develop effective control strategies for different pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunyin Jiang
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.,Engineering Research Center of Shellfish Culture and Breeding in Liaoning Province, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Hongtao Nie
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China. .,Engineering Research Center of Shellfish Culture and Breeding in Liaoning Province, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.
| | - Dongdong Li
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.,Engineering Research Center of Shellfish Culture and Breeding in Liaoning Province, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Xiwu Yan
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.,Engineering Research Center of Shellfish Culture and Breeding in Liaoning Province, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
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Sivaji N, Suguna K, Surolia A, Vijayan M. Structural and related studies on Mevo lectin from Methanococcus voltae A3: the first thorough characterization of an archeal lectin and its interactions. Glycobiology 2020; 31:315-328. [PMID: 32651948 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwaa063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Crystallographic and solution studies of Mevo lectin and its complexes, the first effort of its kind on an archeal lectin, reveal a structure similar to β-prism I fold lectins from plant and animal sources, but with a quaternary association involving a ring structure with seven-fold symmetry. Each subunit in the heptamer carries one sugar binding site on the first Greek key motif. The oligomeric interface is primarily made up of a parallel β-sheet involving a strand of Greek key I of one subunit and Greek key ΙΙΙ from a neighboring subunit. The crystal structures of the complexes of the lectin with mannose, αMan(1,2)αMan, αMan(1,3)αMan, a mannotriose and a mannopentose revealed a primary binding site similar to that found in other mannose specific β-prism I fold lectins. The complex with αMan(1,3)αMan provides an interesting case in which a few subunits have the reducing end at the primary binding site, while the majority have the nonreducing end at the primary binding site. The structures of complexes involving the trisaccharide and the pentasaccharide exhibit cross-linking among heptameric molecules. The observed arrangements may be relevant to the multivalency of the lectin. Phylogenetic analysis of amino acid sequences indicates that Mevo lectin is closer to β-prism I fold animal lectins than with those of plant origin. The results presented here reinforce the conclusion regarding the existence of lectins in all three domains of life. It would also appear that lectins evolved to the present form before the three domains diverged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nukathoti Sivaji
- Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Kaza Suguna
- Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Avadhesha Surolia
- Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Mamannamana Vijayan
- Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
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Qin N, Sun H, Lu M, Wang J, Tang T, Liu F. A single von Willebrand factor C-domain protein acts as an extracellular pattern-recognition receptor in the river prawn Macrobrachium nipponense. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:10468-10477. [PMID: 32532819 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.013270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The single von Willebrand factor C-domain proteins (SVWCs) are mainly found in arthropods. Their expression may be regulated by several environmental stresses, including nutritional status and bacterial and viral infections. However, the underlying regulatory mechanism is unclear. In the present study, we identified a member of the SVWC family from the river prawn Macrobrachium nipponense as a soluble and bacteria-inducible pattern-recognition receptor (designated MnSVWC). In vitro, recombinant MnSVWC exhibited pronounced binding and Ca2+-dependent agglutinating abilities against diverse microbes, including Gram-negative bacteria (i.e. Escherichia coli and Aeromonas victoria), Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis), and yeast (Pichia pastoris). ELISA assays revealed that recombinant MnSVWC recognizes a broad range of various pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and has high affinity to lipopolysaccharide and lysine-type and diaminopimelic acid-type peptidylglycan and d-galactose and low affinity to d-mannan and β-1,3-glucan. Mutant MnSVWCP57A with an impaired Glu-Pro-Asn (EPN) motif displayed reduced affinity to all these PAMPs to varying extent. Moreover, MnSVWC bound to the surface of hemocytes and promoted their phagocytic activity and clearance of invasive bacteria. RNAi-mediated MnSVWC knockdown in prawn reduced the ability to clear invading bacteria, but did not block the activities of the Toll pathway or the arthropod immune deficiency (IMD) pathway, or the expression of antimicrobial peptide genes. These results indicate that MnSVWC functions as an extracellular pattern-recognition receptor in M. nipponense that mediates cellular immune responses by recognizing PAMPs, agglutinating invasive microbes, and promoting phagocytosis in hemocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Qin
- The Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Hehe Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Meike Lu
- The Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Jianhui Wang
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Ting Tang
- The Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China .,Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Fengsong Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China .,Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, China
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Huang Y, Shi Y, Hu S, Wu T, Zhao Z. Characterization and Functional Analysis of Two Transmembrane C-Type Lectins in Obscure Puffer ( Takifugu obscurus). Front Immunol 2020; 11:436. [PMID: 32226431 PMCID: PMC7080814 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
C-type lectins (CTLs) have received widespread attention in animal immune responses. In the present study, two CTLs (ToCTL1 and ToCTL2) were identified from obscure puffer Takifugu obscurus. The open reading frames of ToCTL1 and ToCTL2 were 687 and 1,380 bp, respectively. The predicted ToCTL1 and ToCTL2 proteins contained a single transmembrane region and one typical carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD). Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction detected ToCTL1 and ToCTL2 transcripts in all examined tissues, with high levels in the intestine and kidney, and their expression levels were remarkably altered upon Vibrio harveyi and Aeromonas hydrophila infection. The recombinant proteins ToCTL1-CRD and ToCTL2-CRD agglutinated the Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria in a Ca2+-dependent manner. rToCTL1-CRD and rToCTL2-CRD exhibited evident binding activities against seven kinds of bacteria and polysaccharides (lipopolysaccharide and peptidoglycan) in a Ca2+-independent manner. Moreover, rToCTL1-CRD and rToCTL2-CRD could inhibit the growth of four types of bacteria in vitro. These findings collectively demonstrated that ToCTL1 and ToCTL2 could be involved in host defense against bacterial infection in T. obscurus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Huang
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing, China.,Postdoctoral Innovation Practice Base, Jiangsu Shuixian Industrial Company Limited, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yan Shi
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sufei Hu
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ting Wu
- Postdoctoral Innovation Practice Base, Jiangsu Shuixian Industrial Company Limited, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zhe Zhao
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing, China.,Guangxi Key Lab for Marine Biotechnology, Guangxi Institute of Oceanography, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Beihai, China
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Wang N, Dang M, Zhang W, Lei Y, Liu Z. Galectin-3 is associated with severe heart failure and death: A hospital-based study in Chinese patients. Scand J Immunol 2020; 91:e12826. [PMID: 31514240 DOI: 10.1111/sji.12826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a serious disease syndrome characterized by elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines and inflammatory mediators presume to have significant contribution on disease progression. Galectins are carbohydrate-binding proteins responsible of various physiological functions. Role of galectins in heart failure has been ill-defined. In the present case-controls study, 136 patients clinically diagnosed with heart failure and 125 healthy Chinese controls were recruited. Levels of galectins (Gal-1, 3 and 9) and cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-17A, IL-4 and TGF-β) were quantified by ELISA. Increased levels of galectin-1 and 3 was observed in HF patients and associated with clinical severity. In addition, pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IFN-γ and IL-17A were increased in patients whereas, anti-inflammatory TGFβ was decreased. Galectin-3 was positively correlated with IFN-γ, IL-17A and inversely with TGF-β. Furthermore, ROC curve analysis suggested galectin-3 as a promising biomarker for diagnosis and HF and clinical severity. Interestingly, a two-year follow-up indicated significant association of elevated galectin-3 with mortality due to HF. In conclusion, galectin-3 associated with HF and clinical manifestations possibly by inducing pro-inflammatory cytokines and could be a possible biomarker of HF and severe clinical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular, Zhoukou Central Hospital, Zhoukou City, China
| | - Minyan Dang
- Innoscience Research Sdn Bhd, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Wenzhi Zhang
- Innoscience Research Sdn Bhd, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Yan Lei
- Innoscience Research Sdn Bhd, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Zhaochuan Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Army No.82 Group Military Hospital, Baoding, China
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Zhang X, Wu K, Huang Y, Xu L, Li X, Zhang N. Promoter Hypermethylation of CHODL Contributes to Carcinogenesis and Indicates Poor Survival in Patients with Early-stage Colorectal Cancer. J Cancer 2020; 11:2874-2886. [PMID: 32226505 PMCID: PMC7086254 DOI: 10.7150/jca.38815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: Aberrant hypermethylation of CpG islands is an important hallmark of colorectal cancer (CRC). We previously utilized methyl-DNA immunoprecipitation assays to identify a novel methylated gene, chondrolectin (CHODL), preferentially methylated in human CRC. In this study, we examined the epigenetic inactivation, biological effects and prognostic significance of CHODL in CRC. Main methods: The methylation status of CHODL in CRC was evaluated by bisulfite genomic sequencing (BGS). The functions of CHODL in CRC were determined by proliferation, apoptosis, cell migration and invasion assays. The impact and underlying mechanisms of CHODL in CRC were characterized by western blot and RNA-Seq analyses. The association between CHODL and CRC clinical features was examined using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and immunohistochemical staining. Key findings: CHODL was downregulated in 10 CRC cell lines and CRC tissues, and promoter hypermethylation contributed to its inactivation. Ectopic expression of CHODL inhibited colony formation, suppressed cell viability, induced apoptosis, and restrained cell migration and invasion in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, high CHODL expression in CRC was a predictor of improved survival, though CHODL hypermethylation was a poor prognostic factor for CRC patients, especially those with early-stage CRC. Significance: CHODL promoter hypermethylation silences CHODL expression in CRC, and CHODL suppresses CRC tumorigenesis. CHODL methylation and expression levels can be used as potential markers to evaluate the prognosis of CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Zhang
- Department Of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China, 510080.,Precision Medicine Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China, 510080
| | - Kaiming Wu
- Gastrointestinal Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China, 510080
| | - Yuhua Huang
- Department Of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China, 510080
| | - Lixia Xu
- Department Of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China, 510080
| | - Xiaoxing Li
- Precision Medicine Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China, 510080
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department Of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China, 510080
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Luo SW, Luo KK, Liu SJ. ITLN in diploid hybrid fish (Carassius auratus cuvieri ♀ × Carassius auratus red var ♂) is involved in host defense against bacterial infection. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 103:103520. [PMID: 31626818 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2019.103520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Revised: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid genotypes in fish may be less susceptible to pathogenic infection. ITLN, a novel lectin, not only exhibits a regulatory role in pathogenic infection, but also participates in the regulation of teleostean immunity. In this study, ORF sequence of WR-ITLN was 945 bp and encoded 314 amino acid residues. Tissue-specific analysis revealed that the highest expression of WR-ITLN was observed in liver. Aeromonas hydrophila challenge can sharply increased WR-ITLN mRNA expression in liver, kidney and spleen. The purified WR-ITLN protein can directly bind to A. hydrophila and S. agalactiae, reduce their relative bacterial activity and limit bacterial growth in vitro in the presence of Ca2+. In addition, the treatment of WR-ITLN + Ca2+ can restrict bacterial dissemination in vivo and attenuate production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. These results indicated that WR-ITLN can confer protection against bacteria-stimulated MyD88-dependent pro-inflammatory cytokines activation in a Ca2+-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Wei Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China
| | - Kai-Kun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China
| | - Shao-Jun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China.
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Han P, Han J, Zhang M, Fan J, Gong Q, Ma E, Zhang J. 20-Hydroxyecdysone enhances Immulectin-1 mediated immune response against entomogenous fungus in Locusta migratoria. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2020; 76:304-313. [PMID: 31207079 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Entomogenous fungi are important factors in biological control, but innate immunity of insects restricts the efficiency of fungus infection. 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) is involved in regulating the immune response of insects. Our previous studies have revealed that 20E enhances the expression of antibacterial peptides in the worldwide pest Locusta migratoria. However, the mechanism by which 20E controls innate immunity against entomogenous fungi is still unknown. RESULTS In the present study, based on the transcriptome of L. migratoria fat bodies challenged by 20E, immulectin-1 (LmIML-1) was screened and identified to be involved in modulating antifungal immunity. Spatio-temporal expression analysis showed LmIML-1 was highly expressed in the fifth instar nymph stage, and mainly distributed in the fat bodies and hemolymph. Both exogenous and endogenous 20E could increase the transcription of LmIML-1. In contrast, transcription of LmIML-1 did not increase when the 20E signal was blocked by RNAi of LmEcR (ecdysone receptor). The expressed recombinant protein rLmIML-1 possessed agglutination activity and promoted the encapsulation. RNA interference of LmIML-1 reduced the encapsulation of hemocytes, decreased the antifungal activity of plasma against Metarhizium anisopliae and accelerated the death of nymphs under the stress of entomogenous fungus. Meanwhile, 20E did not increase the antifungal activity with silence of LmIML-1 in L. migratoria. CONCLUSION 20E enhances antifungal immunity by activating immulectin-1 in L. migratoria. Our findings indicate a potential mechanism of 20E systematically regulating innate immune response to resist pathogens and provide a well-defined molecular target for improving biological control. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Han
- Institute of Applied Biology and College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture, Shanxi, China
| | - Jiao Han
- Institute of Applied Biology and College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture, Shanxi, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Institute of Applied Biology and College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture, Shanxi, China
| | - Jiqiao Fan
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture, Shanxi, China
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taiyuan, China
| | - Qitian Gong
- Institute of Applied Biology and College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture, Shanxi, China
| | - Enbo Ma
- Institute of Applied Biology and College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture, Shanxi, China
| | - Jianzhen Zhang
- Institute of Applied Biology and College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture, Shanxi, China
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Zhang J, Zhang Y, Chen L, Yang J, Wei Q, Yang B, Liu X, Yang D. Two c-type lectins from Venerupis philippinarum: Possible roles in immune recognition and opsonization. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 94:230-238. [PMID: 31499201 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In the study, two c-type lectins were identified and characterized from the manila clam Venerupis philippinarum (designed as VpClec-1 and VpClec-2, respectively). Multiple alignments and phylogenetic analysis strongly suggested that they were new members of the c-type lectin superfamily. In normal tissue of clams, both VpClec-1 and VpClec-2 transcripts were highly expressed in the tissue of hepatopancreas. After Vibrio anguillarum challenge, the temporal expression of both VpClec-1 and VpClec-2 transcripts was up-regulated in the hemocytes of manila clams. The recombinant protein VpClec-1 (rVpClec-1) showed obvious binding activities to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), peptidoglycan (PGN), glucan and zymosan in vitro, while the recombinant protein VpClec-2 (rVpClec-2) could only bind LPS, glucan and zymosan. Coinciding with the PAMPs binding assay, both rVpClec-1 and rVpClec-2 displayed broad agglutination and antibacterial activities towards Vibrio harveyi, Vibrio splendidus, Vibrio anguillarum, Enterobacter cloacae and Aeromonas hydrophila. Moreover, the phagocytosis and encapsulation ability of hemocytes could be significantly enhanced by rVpClec-1 and rVpClec-2. Notably, the rVpClec-1 but not rVpClec-2 elicited a chemotactic response from hemocytes. All the results showed that VpClec-1 and VpClec-2 functioned as pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) with distinct recognition spectrum, and involved in the innate immune responses of manila clams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianning Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, PR China
| | - Yifei Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, PR China
| | - Lizhu Chen
- Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai, 264006, PR China
| | - Jianmin Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, PR China
| | - Qianyu Wei
- Muping Coastal Environment Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China
| | - Bowen Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, PR China
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, PR China.
| | - Dinglong Yang
- Muping Coastal Environment Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China; Center for Ocean Mega-science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, PR China.
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Zhang HJ, Lin YP, Liu M, Liang XY, Ji YN, Tang BZ, Hou YM. Functional conservation and division of two single-carbohydrate-recognition domain C-type lectins from the nipa palm hispid beetle Octodonta nipae (Maulik). DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 100:103416. [PMID: 31255631 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2019.103416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
As an invasive pest, the complete and effective innate immune system is crucial for the nipa palm hispid beetle Octodonta nipae (Maulik) to adjust to new environments. C-type lectins (CTLs) are large families of carbohydrate-binding proteins that possess one or more characteristic carbohydrate-recognition domains (CRD) and function as pattern-recognition receptors, which play important roles in mediating humoral and cellular immunity. In the present study, for the first time, we report two CTL-Ss (single-CRD CTLs) from O. nipae (Maulik) (designated OnCTL1 and OnCTL2). The two CTL-Ss share high identity at conserved amino acids associated with conserved carbohydrate binding sites Gln-Pro-Asp (QPD) motifs and clearly show a 1:1 orthologous relationship in insects, which endow them with functional conservation and diversification. mRNA abundance analysis showed that OnCTL1 was upregulated upon Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli challenge at 6 and 12 h, while OnCTL2 underwent no changes upon E. coli challenge and was even downregulated after S. aureus infection. Knockdown of OnCTL1 significantly decreased the transcripts of two key serine proteases (prophenoloxidase activating factors), OnPPAF1 and OnPPAF3, followed by the reduction of haemolymph phenoloxidase activity; it also increased the expression of Defensin2B. In contrast, silencing of OnCTL2 significantly decreased the expression of Defensin2B and Attacin3C, the encapsulation index, and the phagocytosis rate compared to the dsEGFP group. The spreading results showed that more irregularly shaped plasmatocytes and lower levels of aggregation were found in OnCTL2-silenced pupae than in the dsOnCTL1 and dsEGFP groups. We can infer from the results of this study that the two OnCTLs play important roles in the immune system and generate a functional division: OnCTL1 seems to function more in humoral immunity including mediating bacterial recognition and activating the phenoloxidase cascade, and OnCTL2 plays a greater role in enhancing cellular immunity. These observations could replenish information on the functional diversification of insect CTLs, and also provide valuable information to unravel the immunity in O. nipae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Ecology, Department of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Ya-Ping Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Ecology, Department of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Min Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Ecology, Department of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xin-Yu Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Ecology, Department of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Ya-Nan Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Ecology, Department of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Bao-Zhen Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Ecology, Department of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
| | - You-Ming Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Ecology, Department of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
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Araújo JRC, Coelho CB, Campos AR, de Azevedo Moreira R, de Oliveira Monteiro-Moreira AC. Animal Galectins and Plant Lectins as Tools for Studies in Neurosciences. Curr Neuropharmacol 2019; 18:202-215. [PMID: 31622208 PMCID: PMC7327950 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x17666191016092221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lectins are proteins or glycoproteins of non-immunological origin capable of reversibly and specifically binding to glycoconjugates. They exist in free form or associated with cells and are widely distributed in nature, being found in plants, microorganisms, and animals. Due to their characteristics and mainly due to the possibility of reversible binding to glycoconjugates, lectins have stood out as important tools in research involving Neurobiology. These proteins have the ability to modulate molecular targets in the central nervous system (CNS) which may be involved with neuroplasticity, neurobehavioral effects, and neuroprotection. The present report integrates existing information on the activity of animal and plant lectins in different areas of Neuroscience, presenting perspectives to direct new research on lectin function in the CNS, providing alternatives for understanding neurological diseases such as mental disorders, neurodegenerative, and neuro-oncological diseases, and for the development of new drugs, diagnoses and therapies in the field of Neuroscience.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cauê Barbosa Coelho
- Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Ciencia e Tecnologia Ambiental para o Semiarido (PPGCTAS), State University of Pernambuco, Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Adriana Rolim Campos
- Experimental Biology Centre (NUBEX), University of Fortaleza (UNIFOR), Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil
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Yamamoto T, Sawamura M, Terada C, Kashiwada K, Wada F, Yamayoshi A, Obika S, Harada-Shiba M. Effect of modular conjugation strategy for N-acetylgalactosamine-targeted antisense oligonucleotides. NUCLEOSIDES NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2019; 39:109-118. [PMID: 31617782 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2019.1677911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPr) and N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) is one of the most reliable receptor-ligand combinations for delivering antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) to the liver. Here, we show that a modular GalNAc conjugation strategy allows us to reinforce the activity of the parent, naked 2',4'-BNA/LNA gapmer targeting apolipoprotein B. The conjugation partly reduced a possible hepatotoxicity of the parent ASO. The structure-activity study revealed the significance of the metabolic susceptibility of the GalNAc moiety to nucleolytic cleavage that results in exposure of the parent gapmer. The broad usefulness of our delivery strategy of ASOs to the liver has been demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Motoki Sawamura
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Molecular Innovation in Lipidology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Japan
| | - Chisato Terada
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Koki Kashiwada
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Fumito Wada
- Department of Molecular Innovation in Lipidology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Japan
| | - Asako Yamayoshi
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Satoshi Obika
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mariko Harada-Shiba
- Department of Molecular Innovation in Lipidology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Japan
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Huang Y, Zhang R, Gao T, Xu H, Wu T, Ren Q. 2-Transmembrane C-type lectin from oriental river prawn Macrobrachium nipponense participates in antibacterial immune response. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 91:58-67. [PMID: 31096059 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
As a type of pattern-recognition proteins (PRRs), C-type lectins (CTLs) perform important functions in non-self recognition and clearance of pathogens in innate immunity. In this study, a unique 2-transmembrane CTL (designated as Mn-2TM-cLec) with a single carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) was isolated from Macrobrachium nipponense. The full-length cDNA of Mn-2TM-cLec consisted of 3265 bp with an 837 bp open reading frame encoding a protein with 278 amino acids. Mn-2TM-cLec was ubiquitously distributed in various tissues of normal prawn, particularly in the hemocytes, hepatopancreas, and gills. The expression of Mn-2TM-cLec was significantly up-regulated in the gills and hepatopancreas after the prawns were challenged with Staphylococcus aureus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. RNA interference knock-down of Mn-2TM-cLec gene decreased the transcription levels of three antimicrobial peptides (anti-lipopolysaccharide factor (ALF) 1, ALF2, and Crustin (Crus) 1) after V. parahaemolyticus infection. The recombinant CRD of Mn-2TM-cLec could bind lipopolysaccharide, peptidoglycans, and diverse bacterial strains and agglutinate S. aureus and V. parahaemolyticus in a Ca2+-dependent manner. In addition, the rCRD enhanced the clearance of V. parahaemolyticus injected in prawns. In summary, Mn-2TM-cLec might act as a PRR to participate in the prawn immune defense against pathogens through its antimicrobial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Huang
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210098, China; Postdoctoral Innovation Practice Base, Jiangsu Shuixian Industrial Company Limited, 40 Tonghu Road, Baoying, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225800, China
| | - Ruidong Zhang
- College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Tianheng Gao
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210098, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing, 210024, China
| | - Ting Wu
- Postdoctoral Innovation Practice Base, Jiangsu Shuixian Industrial Company Limited, 40 Tonghu Road, Baoying, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225800, China
| | - Qian Ren
- Co-Innovation Center for Marine Bio-Industry Technology of Jiangsu Province, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222005, China; College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China.
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Wang W, Gong C, Han Z, Lv X, Liu S, Wang L, Song L. The lectin domain containing proteins with mucosal immunity and digestive functions in oyster Crassostrea gigas. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 89:237-247. [PMID: 30936048 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.03.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Lectins are carbohydrate-binding proteins with lectin domains, which are extensively studied for their numerous roles in biological recognition. However, the lectin domain containing proteins (LDCPs) chimerized with other non-lectin domains have not received sufficient attention. In the present study, a genome-wide survey of LDCPs in oyster Crassostrea gigas was conducted, and an expansive 640 LDCPs derived from ten lectin domains were identified and functionally explored. In these LDCPs, a total of 282 kinds of domains were predicted, and 90% of the LDCPs contained more than one kind of domain. The lectin domains were frequently fused with non-lectin domains, such as epidermal growth factor domain and peptidase related domains, which supplied LDCPs with more diversity in structures and functions. The C-type lectin domains were the most abundant domains in LDCPs, and they were largely co-existed with non-lectin domains of complement activation-related domains (such as CUB domain and PAN-1 domain) but relative independence with other lectin domains. Furthermore, the C-type lectin domain containing proteins (CTLPs) found to mainly act as pattern immune recognition receptors and were highly expressed in mucosal tissues (digestive gland, male gonad and labial palp) to provide mucosal immune protections. The Concanavalin A-like lectin domains were the second richest domains in LDCPs, and they were mostly constructed into chimeric proteins with epidermal growth factor domain and peptidase related domains. The Concanavalin A-like lectin domain containing proteins (CALPs) were significantly enriched with peptidase activities and mainly expressed in digestive tissues. All the results suggested the mucosal immunity and digestive functions of oyster LDCPs, which provided a fresh idea about the functions of invertebrate lectin family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilin Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Functional Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Process, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266200, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Changhao Gong
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Zirong Han
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Xiaojing Lv
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Shujing Liu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Functional Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Process, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266200, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Linsheng Song
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Functional Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Process, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266200, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.
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Huang Y, Ren Q. HcCUB-Lec, a newly identified C-type lectin that contains a distinct CUB domain and participates in the immune defense of the triangle sail mussel Hyriopsis cumingii. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 93:66-77. [PMID: 30590065 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2018.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
As pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), C-type lectins (CTLs) play crucial roles in recognizing and eliminating pathogens in innate immunity. In this study, a novel CTL (HcCUB-Lec) was identified from the triangle sail mussel Hyriopsis cumingii. The full-length of HcCUB-Lec cDNA was 1558 bp with an open reading frame of 1281 bp that encodes a putative protein of 426 amino acid residues, including an N-terminal signal peptide, a complement Uegf Bmp1 (CUB) domain, a single carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD), and a transmembrane domain. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed that HcCUB-Lec transcript was distributed in all examined tissues with the highest levels in hepatopancreas and was significantly upregulated in gills and hepatopancreas after immune challenge with Staphyloccocus aureus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. When HcCUB-Lec was silenced by RNAi, the expression levels of three antimicrobial peptides, including whey acidic protein (HcWAP), defensin (HcDef), and lysozyme (HcLyso), were dramatically decreased in gills. The recombinant HcCUB-Lec and its individual CUB and CRD domains can bind with Gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus and Bacillus subtilis), Gram-negative bacteria (V. parahaemolyticus and Aeromonas hydrophila), and polysaccharides (lipopolysaccharide and peptidoglycan). Moreover, rHcCUB-Lec and its domains could also agglutinate S. aureus and V. parahaemolyticus in the presence of Ca2+ and can clear V. parahaemolyticus in H. cumingii. Results of this study suggest that HcCUB-Lec acts as an antimicrobial PRR that participates in the innate immune responses of H. cumingii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Huang
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210098, China.
| | - Qian Ren
- Co-Innovation Center for Marine Bio-Industry Technology of Jiangsu Province, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222005, China; College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China.
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