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Castellanos DA, Jang J, Schidlow DN, Brassaw K, Agudelo S, Heuvelink-Marck A, Lipsitz SR, Powell AJ. The impact of audiovisual breathing guidance on respiratory-triggered cardiac magnetic resonance cine imaging. Magn Reson Imaging 2024; 111:15-20. [PMID: 38579974 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2024.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In patients who have difficulty holding their breath, a free breathing (FB) respiratory-triggered (RT) bSSFP cine technique may be used. However, this technique may have inferior image quality and a longer scan time than breath-hold (BH) bSSFP cine acquisitions. This study examined the effect of an audiovisual breathing guidance (BG) system on RT bSSFP cine image quality, scan time, and ventricular measurements. METHODS This study evaluated a BG system that provides audiovisual instructions and feedback on the timing of inspiration and expiration to the patient during image acquisition using input from the respiratory bellows to guide them toward a regular breathing pattern with extended end-expiration. In this single-center prospective study in patients undergoing a clinical cardiac magnetic resonance examination, a ventricular short-axis stack of bSSFP cine images was acquired using 3 techniques in each patient: 1) FB and RT (FBRT), 2) BG system and RT (BGRT), and 3) BH. The 3 acquisitions were compared for image quality metrics (endocardial edge definition, motion artifact, and blood-to-myocardial contrast) scored on a Likert scale, scan time, and ventricular volumes and mass. RESULTS Thirty-two patients (19 females; median age 21 years, IQR 18-32) completed the study protocol. For scan time, BGRT was faster than FBRT (163 s vs. 345 s, p < 0.001). Endocardial edge definition, motion artifact, and blood-to-myocardial contrast were all better for BGRT than FBRT (p < 0.001). Left ventricular (LV) end-systolic volume (ESV) was smaller (3%, p = 0.02) and LV ejection fraction (EF) was larger (0.5%, p = 0.003) with BGRT than with FBRT. There was no significant difference in LV end-diastolic volume (EDV), LV mass, right ventricular (RV) EDV, RV ESV, and RV EF. Scan times were shorter for BGRT compared to BH. Endocardial edge definition and blood-to-myocardial contrast were better for BH than BGRT. Compared to BH, the LV EDV, LV ESV, RV EDV, and RV ESV were mildly smaller (all differences <7%) for BGRT. CONCLUSIONS The addition of a BG system to RT bSSFP cine acquisitions decreased the scan time and improved image quality. Further exploration of this BG approach is warranted in more diverse populations and with other free breathing sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Castellanos
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Jihye Jang
- Philips Healthcare, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - David N Schidlow
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kinsey Brassaw
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephanie Agudelo
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Stuart R Lipsitz
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew J Powell
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Wu X, Tang L, Li W, He S, Yue X, Peng P, Wu T, Zhang X, Wu Z, He Y, Chen Y, Huang J, Sun J. Feasibility of accelerated non-contrast-enhanced whole-heart bSSFP coronary MR angiography by deep learning-constrained compressed sensing. Eur Radiol 2023; 33:8180-8190. [PMID: 37209126 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-023-09740-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine a compressed sensing artificial intelligence (CSAI) framework to accelerate image acquisition in non-contrast-enhanced whole-heart bSSFP coronary magnetic resonance (MR) angiography. METHODS Thirty healthy volunteers and 20 patients with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD) scheduled for coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) were enrolled. Non-contrast-enhanced coronary MR angiography was performed with CSAI, compressed sensing (CS), and sensitivity encoding (SENSE) methods in healthy participants and with CSAI in patients. Acquisition time, subjective image quality score, and objective image quality measurement (blood pool homogeneity, signal-to-noise ratio [SNR], and contrast-to-noise ratio [CNR]) were compared among the three protocols. The diagnostic performance of CASI coronary MR angiography for predicting significant stenosis (≥ 50% diameter stenosis) on CCTA was evaluated. The Friedman test was performed to compare the three protocols. RESULTS Acquisition time was significantly shorter in the CSAI and CS groups than in the SENSE group (10.2 ± 3.2 min vs. 10.9 ± 2.9 min vs. 13.0 ± 4.1 min, p < 0.001). However, the CSAI approach had the highest image quality scores, blood pool homogeneity, mean SNR value, and mean CNR value (all p < 0.001) compared with the CS and SENSE approaches. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of CSAI coronary MR angiography per patient were 87.5% (7/8), 91.7% (11/12), and 90.0% (18/20); those per vessel were 81.8% (9/11), 93.9% (46/49), and 91.7% (55/60); and those per segment were 84.6% (11/13), 98.0% (244/249), and 97.3% (255/262), respectively. CONCLUSIONS CSAI yielded superior image quality within a clinically feasible acquisition time in healthy participants and patients with suspected CAD. CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT The non-invasive and radiation-free CSAI framework could be a promising tool for rapid screening and comprehensive examination of the coronary vasculature in patients with suspected CAD. KEY POINTS • This prospective study showed that CSAI enables a reduction in acquisition time by 22% with superior diagnostic image quality compared with the SENSE protocol. • CSAI replaces the wavelet transform with a CNN as a sparsifying transform in the CS algorithm, achieving high coronary MR image quality with reduced noise. • CSAI achieved per-patient sensitivity of 87.5% (7/8) and specificity of 91.7% (11/12) respectively for detecting significant coronary stenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Wu
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, #37 Guo Xue Lane, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, China
| | - Lu Tang
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, #37 Guo Xue Lane, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Wanjiang Li
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, #37 Guo Xue Lane, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Shuai He
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, #37 Guo Xue Lane, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Xun Yue
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, #37 Guo Xue Lane, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, China
| | - Pengfei Peng
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, #37 Guo Xue Lane, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, #37 Guo Xue Lane, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoyong Zhang
- Clinical Science, Philips Healthcare, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhigang Wu
- Clinical Science, Philips Healthcare, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yong He
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yucheng Chen
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Juan Huang
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, #37 Guo Xue Lane, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Jiayu Sun
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, #37 Guo Xue Lane, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
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3
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Wu X, Deng L, Li W, Peng P, Yue X, Tang L, Pu Q, Ming Y, Zhang X, Huang X, Chen Y, Huang J, Sun J. Deep Learning-Based Acceleration of Compressed Sensing for Noncontrast-Enhanced Coronary Magnetic Resonance Angiography in Patients With Suspected Coronary Artery Disease. J Magn Reson Imaging 2023; 58:1521-1530. [PMID: 36847756 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.28653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The clinical application of coronary MR angiography (MRA) remains limited due to its long acquisition time and often unsatisfactory image quality. A compressed sensing artificial intelligence (CSAI) framework was recently introduced to overcome these limitations, but its feasibility in coronary MRA is unknown. PURPOSE To evaluate the diagnostic performance of noncontrast-enhanced coronary MRA with CSAI in patients with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD). STUDY TYPE Prospective observational study. POPULATION A total of 64 consecutive patients (mean age ± standard deviation [SD]: 59 ± 10 years, 48.4% females) with suspected CAD. FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE A 3.0-T, balanced steady-state free precession sequence. ASSESSMENT Three observers evaluated the image quality for 15 coronary segments of the right and left coronary arteries using a 5-point scoring system (1 = not visible; 5 = excellent). Image scores ≥3 were considered diagnostic. Furthermore, the detection of CAD with ≥50% stenosis was evaluated in comparison to reference standard coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA). Mean acquisition times for CSAI-based coronary MRA were measured. STATISTICAL TESTS For each patient, vessel and segment, sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy of CSAI-based coronary MRA for detecting CAD with ≥50% stenosis according to coronary CTA were calculated. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were used to assess the interobserver agreement. RESULTS The mean MR acquisition time ± SD was 8.1 ± 2.4 minutes. Twenty-five (39.1%) patients had CAD with ≥50% stenosis on coronary CTA and 29 (45.3%) patients on MRA. A total of 885 segments on the CTA images and 818/885 (92.4%) coronary MRA segments were diagnostic (image score ≥3). The sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy were as follows: per patient (92.0%, 84.6%, and 87.5%), per vessel (82.9%, 93.4%, and 91.1%), and per segment (77.6%, 98.2%, and 96.6%), respectively. The ICCs for image quality and stenosis assessment were 0.76-0.99 and 0.66-1.00, respectively. DATA CONCLUSION The image quality and diagnostic performance of coronary MRA with CSAI may show good results in comparison to coronary CTA in patients with suspected CAD. EVIDENCE LEVEL 1. TECHNICAL EFFICACY 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Wu
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Liping Deng
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wanjiang Li
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Pengfei Peng
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xun Yue
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Lu Tang
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qian Pu
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yue Ming
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoyong Zhang
- Clinical Science, Philips Healthcare, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaohua Huang
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Yucheng Chen
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Juan Huang
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiayu Sun
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Tian D, Sun Y, Guo JJ, Zhao SH, Lu HF, Chen YY, Ge MY, Zeng MS, Jin H. 3.0 T unenhanced Dixon water-fat separation whole-heart coronary magnetic resonance angiography: compressed-sensing sensitivity encoding imaging versus conventional 2D sensitivity encoding imaging. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING 2023; 39:1775-1784. [PMID: 37428247 DOI: 10.1007/s10554-023-02878-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
This study was aimed to investigate 3.0 T unenhanced Dixon water-fat whole-heart CMRA (coronary magnetic resonance angiography) using compressed-sensing sensitivity encoding (CS-SENSE) and conventional sensitivity encoding (SENSE) in vitro and in vivo. The key parameters of CS-SENSE and conventional 1D/2D SENSE were compared in vitro phantom study. In vivo study, fifty patients with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD) completed unenhanced Dixon water-fat whole-heart CMRA at 3.0 T using both CS-SENSE and conventional 2D SENSE methods. We compared mean acquisition time, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) and the diagnostic accuracy between two techniques. In vitro study, CS-SENSE achieved better effectiveness between higher SNR/CNR and shorter scan times using the appropriate acceleration factor compared with conventional 2D SENSE. In vivo study, CS-SENSE CMRA had better performance than 2D SENSE in terms of the mean acquisition time, SNR and CNR (7.4 ± 3.2 min vs. 8.3 ± 3.4 min, P = 0.001; SNR: 115.5 ± 35.4 vs. 103.3 ± 32.2; CNR: 101.1 ± 33.2 vs. 90.6 ± 30.1, P < 0.001 for both). The diagnostic accuracy between CS-SENSE and 2D SENSE had no significant difference on a patient-based analysis (sensitivity: 97.3% vs. 91.9%; specificity: 76.9% vs. 61.5%; accuracy: 92.0% vs. 84.0%; P > 0.05 for each). Unenhanced CS-SENSE Dixon water-fat separation whole-heart CMRA at 3.0 T can improve the SNR and CNR, shorten the acquisition time while providing equally satisfactory image quality and diagnostic accuracy compared with 2D SENSE CMRA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Tian
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, No. 180 Fenglin Rd, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, No. 180 Fenglin Rd, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jia-Jun Guo
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, No. 180 Fenglin Rd, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shi-Hai Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, No. 180 Fenglin Rd, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hong-Fei Lu
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, No. 180 Fenglin Rd, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yin-Yin Chen
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, No. 180 Fenglin Rd, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Mei-Ying Ge
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, No. 180 Fenglin Rd, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Meng-Su Zeng
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, No. 180 Fenglin Rd, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hang Jin
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, No. 180 Fenglin Rd, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Moscatelli S, Leo I, Lisignoli V, Boyle S, Bucciarelli-Ducci C, Secinaro A, Montanaro C. Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance from Fetal to Adult Life-Indications and Challenges: A State-of-the-Art Review. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:children10050763. [PMID: 37238311 DOI: 10.3390/children10050763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging offers a comprehensive, non-invasive, and radiation-free imaging modality, which provides a highly accurate and reproducible assessment of cardiac morphology and functions across a wide spectrum of cardiac conditions spanning from fetal to adult life. It minimises risks to the patient, particularly the risks associated with exposure to ionising radiation and the risk of complications from more invasive haemodynamic assessments. CMR utilises high spatial resolution and provides a detailed assessment of intracardiac and extracardiac anatomy, ventricular and valvular function, and flow haemodynamic and tissue characterisation, which aid in the diagnosis, and, hence, with the management of patients with cardiac disease. This article aims to discuss the role of CMR and the indications for its use throughout the different stages of life, from fetal to adult life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Moscatelli
- Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases, Great Ormond Street, Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3JH, UK
- Paediatric Cardiology Department, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London SW3 5NP, UK
| | - Isabella Leo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- CMR Unit, Cardiology Department, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London SW3 5NP, UK
| | - Veronica Lisignoli
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Cardiology, Heart and Lung Transplantation, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy
- Adult Congenital Heart Disease Department, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London SW3 5NP, UK
| | - Siobhan Boyle
- Adult Congenital Heart Disease Department, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London SW3 5NP, UK
- Cardiology Department, Logan Hospital, Loganlea Rd, Meadowbrook, QLD 4131, Australia
| | - Chiara Bucciarelli-Ducci
- CMR Unit, Cardiology Department, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London SW3 5NP, UK
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College University, London SW7 2BX, UK
| | - Aurelio Secinaro
- Radiology Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Montanaro
- CMR Unit, Cardiology Department, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London SW3 5NP, UK
- Adult Congenital Heart Disease Department, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London SW3 5NP, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial Collage London, Dovehouse St, London SW3 6LY, UK
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Faruk Topaloğlu Ö, Koplay M, Kılınçer A, Örgül G, Sedat Durmaz M. Quantitative measurements and morphological evaluation of fetal cardiovascular structures with fetal cardiac MRI. Eur J Radiol 2023; 163:110828. [PMID: 37059007 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2023.110828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Fetal cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (FCMR) can be used as an imaging modality in fetal cardiovascular evaluation as studied in recent years. We aimed to evaluate cardiovascular morphology using FCMR and to observe the development of cardiovascular structures according to gestational age (GA) in pregnant women. METHOD In our prospective study, 120 pregnant women between 19 and 37 weeks of gestation in whom absence of cardiac anomaly could not be excluded by ultrasonography (US) or, who were referred to us for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for suspected non-cardiovascular system pathology, were included. According to the axis of the fetal heart, axial, coronal, and sagittal multiplanar steady-state free precession (SSFP) and 'real time' untriggered SSFP sequence, respectively, were obtained. The morphology of the cardiovascular structures and their relationships with each other were evaluated, and their sizes were measured. RESULTS Seven cases (6.3%) contained motion artefacts that did not allow the assessment and measurement of cardiovascular morphology, and three (2.9%) cases with cardiac pathology in the analysed images were excluded from the study. The study included a total of 100 cases. Cardiac chamber diameter, heart diameter, heart length, heart area, thoracic diameter, and thoracic area were measured in all fetuses. The diameters of the aorta ascendens (Aa), aortic isthmus (Ai), aorta descendens (Ad), main pulmonary artery (MPA), ductus arteriosus (DA, superior vena cava (SVC), and inferior vena cava (IVC) were measured in all fetuses. The left pulmonary artery (LPA) was visualised in 89 patients (89%). The right PA (RPA) was visualised in 99 (99%) cases. Four pulmonary veins (PVs) were seen in 49 (49%) cases, three in 33 (33%), and two in 18 (18%). High correlation values were found for all diameter measurements performed with GW. CONCLUSION In cases where US cannot achieve adequate image quality, FCMR can contribute to diagnosis. The very short acquisition time and parallel imaging technique with the SSFP sequence allow for adequate image quality without maternal or fetal sedation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mustafa Koplay
- Department of Radiology, Selcuk University, Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Turkey
| | - Abidin Kılınçer
- Department of Radiology, Selcuk University, Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Turkey
| | - Gökçen Örgül
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Selcuk University, Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Sedat Durmaz
- Department of Radiology, Selcuk University, Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Turkey
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He J, Liu X, Luan N. Bi-smooth constraints for accelerated dynamic MRI with low-rank plus sparse tensor decomposition. Biomed Signal Process Control 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bspc.2022.104530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Lang J, Zhang C, Zhu D. Undersampled MRI reconstruction based on spectral graph wavelet transform. Comput Biol Med 2023; 157:106780. [PMID: 36924729 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.106780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Compressed sensing magnetic resonance imaging (CS-MRI) has exhibited great potential to accelerate magnetic resonance imaging if an image can be sparsely represented. How to sparsify the image significantly affects the reconstruction quality of images. In this paper, a spectral graph wavelet transform (SGWT) is introduced to sparsely represent magnetic resonance images in iterative image reconstructions. The SGWT is achieved by extending the traditional wavelets transform to the signal defined on the vertices of the weighted graph, i.e. the spectral graph domain. This SGWT uses only the connectivity information encoded in the edge weights, and does not rely on any other attributes of the vertices. Therefore, SGWT can be defined and calculated for any domain where the underlying relations between data locations can be represented by a weighted graph. Furthermore, we present a Chebyshev polynomial approximation algorithm for fast computing this SGWT transform. The l1 norm regularized CS-MRI reconstruction model is introduced and solved by the projected iterative soft-thresholding algorithm to verify its feasibility. Numerical experiment results demonstrate that our proposed method outperforms several state-of-the-art sparsify transforms in terms of suppressing artifacts and achieving lower reconstruction errors on the tested datasets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Lang
- College of Computer Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110819, China; Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing in Medical Image, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110819, China.
| | - Changchun Zhang
- College of Computer Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110819, China
| | - Di Zhu
- College of Computer Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110819, China
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9
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Krishnamoorthy G, Tourais J, Smink J, Breeuwer M, Kouwenhoven M. Free-breathing 2D radial cine MRI with respiratory auto-calibrated motion correction (RAMCO). Magn Reson Med 2023; 89:977-989. [PMID: 36346081 PMCID: PMC10100319 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a free-breathing (FB) 2D radial balanced steady-state free precession cine cardiac MRI method with 100% respiratory gating efficiency using respiratory auto-calibrated motion correction (RAMCO) based on a motion-sensing camera. METHODS The signal from a respiratory motion-sensing camera was recorded during a FB retrospectively electrocardiogram triggered 2D radial balanced steady-state free precession acquisition using pseudo-tiny-golden-angle ordering. With RAMCO, for each acquisition the respiratory signal was retrospectively auto-calibrated by applying different linear translations, using the resulting in-plane image sharpness as a criterium. The auto-calibration determines the optimal magnitude of the linear translations for each of the in-plane directions to minimize motion blurring caused by bulk respiratory motion. Additionally, motion-weighted density compensation was applied during radial gridding to minimize through-plane and non-bulk motion blurring. Left ventricular functional parameters and sharpness scores of FB radial cine were compared with and without RAMCO, and additionally with conventional breath-hold Cartesian cine on 9 volunteers. RESULTS FB radial cine with RAMCO had similar sharpness scores as conventional breath-hold Cartesian cine and the left ventricular functional parameters agreed. For FB radial cine, RAMCO reduced respiratory motion artifacts with a statistically significant difference in sharpness scores (P < 0.05) compared to reconstructions without motion correction. CONCLUSION 2D radial cine imaging with RAMCO allows evaluation of left ventricular functional parameters in FB with 100% respiratory efficiency. It eliminates the need for breath-holds, which is especially valuable for patients with no or impaired breath-holding capacity. Validation of the proposed method on patients is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guruprasad Krishnamoorthy
- Department MR R&D-Clinical Science, Best, The Netherlands.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Joao Tourais
- Department MR R&D-Clinical Science, Best, The Netherlands.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Jouke Smink
- Department MR R&D-Clinical Science, Best, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel Breeuwer
- Department MR R&D-Clinical Science, Best, The Netherlands.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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10
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Assessment of Non-contrast-enhanced Dixon Water-fat Separation Compressed Sensing Whole-heart Coronary MR Angiography at 3.0 T: A Single-center Experience. Acad Radiol 2022; 29 Suppl 4:S82-S90. [PMID: 34127363 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2021.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES The clinical utility of Dixon water-fat separation coronary MR angiography (CMRA) with compressed sensing (CS) reconstruction has not been determined in a patient population. This study was designed to evaluate the performance of 3.0 T non-contrast-enhanced Dixon water-fat separation CS whole-heart CMRA sequence in vitro and in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS In vitro phantom MRI, we compared key parameters of the SENSE and CS images. And in this prospective in vivo study, from November 2019 to October 2020, 94 participants were recruited for 3.0 T non-contrast-enhanced Dixon water-fat separation CS whole-heart CMRA. The accuracy of CMRA for detecting a ≥ 50% reduction in diameter was determined using X-ray coronary angiography (CA) as the reference method. RESULTS Compared with SENSE, CS with an appropriate acceleration factor offers both higher SNR/CNR (p < 0.05) and a shortened acquisition. Fifty-eight patients successfully completed the CMRA and CA. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values, negative predictive values, and accuracy of 3.0 T non-contrast-enhanced Dixon water-fat separation CS whole-heart CMRA according to a patient-based analysis were 96.4%, 66.7%, 73.0%, 95.2% and 81.0%, respectively. The area under the receiver-operator characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) of 3.0 T non-contrast-enhanced Dixon water-fat separation CS whole-heart CMRA for detecting significant coronary artery stenosis is 0.908, 0.895, and 0.904 in patient-, vessel-, and segment-based analyses respectively. CONCLUSION 3.0 T non-contrast-enhanced Dixon water-fat separation whole-heart CMRA using appropriate CS is a promising noninvasive and radiation-free technique to detect clinically significant coronary stenosis on patients with suspected CAD.
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11
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Clinical Evaluation of Left Ventricular Diastolic Function Using Phase-contrast Cine Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging. J Comput Assist Tomogr 2021; 46:56-63. [DOI: 10.1097/rct.0000000000001242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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12
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Wang C, Li Y, Lv J, Jin J, Hu X, Kuang X, Chen W, Wang H. Recommendation for Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Based Phenotypic Study: Imaging Part. PHENOMICS 2021; 1:151-170. [PMID: 35233561 PMCID: PMC8318053 DOI: 10.1007/s43657-021-00018-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging provides important biomarkers for the early diagnosis of many cardiovascular diseases and has been reported to reveal phenome-wide associations of cardiac/aortic structure and functionality in population studies. Nevertheless, due to the complexity of operation and variations among manufactural vendors, magnetic field strengths, coils, sequences, scan parameters, and image analysis approaches, CMR is rarely used in large cohort studies. Existing guidelines mainly focused on the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases, which did not aim to basic research. The purpose of this study was to propose a recommendation for CMR based phenotype measurements for cohort study. We classify the imaging sequences of CMR into three categories according to the importance and universality of corresponding measurable phenotypes. The acquisition time and repeatability of the phenotypic measurement were also taken into consideration during the categorization. Unlike other guidelines, this recommendation focused on quantitative measurement of large amount of phenotypes from CMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyan Wang
- Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, 825 Zhangheng Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Lv
- School of Computer and Control Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, China
| | - Jianhua Jin
- School of Data Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xumei Hu
- Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, 825 Zhangheng Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | - Xutong Kuang
- Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, 825 Zhangheng Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | - Weibo Chen
- Philips Healthcare. Co., Shanghai, China
| | - He Wang
- Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, 825 Zhangheng Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 201203 China
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200433 China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
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13
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Lu H, Zhao S, Tian D, Yang S, Ma J, Chen Y, Ge M, Zeng M, Jin H. Clinical Application of Non-Contrast-Enhanced Dixon Water-Fat Separation Compressed SENSE Whole-Heart Coronary MR Angiography at 3.0 T With and Without Nitroglycerin. J Magn Reson Imaging 2021; 55:579-591. [PMID: 34254384 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.27829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND 3.0 T non-contrast-enhanced nitroglycerin (NTG)-assisted whole-heart coronary magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) employing Dixon water-fat separation and compressed SENSE (CS-SENSE) acceleration is a promising method for diagnosing coronary artery disease (CAD). PURPOSE To evaluate the diagnostic performance of this technique for detecting clinically-relevant (≥50% diameter reducing) CAD and to evaluate the difference in NTG-induced coronary vasodilation between patients with and without clinically-relevant CAD. STUDY TYPE Prospective. POPULATION Sixty-six patients with suspected CAD. FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE 3.0 T; CSSENSE, Dixon water-fat separation, three-dimensional segmented turbo field gradient-echo sequence for whole-heart coronary MRA. ASSESSMENT Overall image quality of coronary MRA was calculated on the basis of all visible coronary segments. The diagnostic performance of coronary MRA for detecting a ≥50% reduction in coronary artery diameter with and without NTG was compared using X-ray coronary angiography (CAG) as the reference. According to CAG, patients were divided into a non-clinically-relevant CAD group and clinically-relevant CAD group, and the difference in NTG-induced vasodilation between the groups was evaluated. STATISTICAL TESTS Unpaired/paired Student's t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, paired Wilcoxon signed-rank test, χ2 test, McNemar test. A two-tailed P value <0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS Overall image quality was increased significantly in the coronary MRA images after NTG. The diagnostic performance of the non-NTG vs. NTG-assisted coronary MRA was as follows on a per-patient basis: sensitivity 94.3% vs. 94.3%, specificity 64.5% vs. 83.9%, positive predictive value 75.0% vs. 86.8%, negative predictive value 90.9% vs. 92.9%, and accuracy 80.3% vs. 89.4%, respectively. NTG-induced vasodilation was significantly lower in the clinically-relevant CAD group than in the non-clinically-relevant CAD group (13.7 ± 8.1% vs. 24.1 ± 16.3%). DATA CONCLUSION Non-contrast Dixon water-fat separation CS-SENSE coronary MRA at 3.0 T can noninvasively detect clinically-relevant CAD and sublingual NTG improved performance. Combining pre- and post-NTG coronary MRA may provide a simple noninvasive and nonionizing test to evaluate coronary vasodilation function. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 1 TECHNICAL EFFICACY STAGE: 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfei Lu
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, China.,Department of Medical Imaging, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shihai Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, China.,Department of Medical Imaging, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Di Tian
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, China.,Department of Medical Imaging, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shan Yang
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, China.,Department of Medical Imaging, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianying Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yinyin Chen
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, China.,Department of Medical Imaging, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meiying Ge
- Department of Radiology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengsu Zeng
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, China.,Department of Medical Imaging, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hang Jin
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, China.,Department of Medical Imaging, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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14
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Ali F, Bydder M, Han H, Wang D, Ghodrati V, Gao C, Prosper A, Nguyen KL, Finn JP, Hu P. Slice encoding for the reduction of outflow signal artifacts in cine balanced SSFP imaging. Magn Reson Med 2021; 86:2034-2048. [PMID: 34056755 PMCID: PMC10185493 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Standard balanced SSFP (bSSFP) cine MRI often suffers from blood outflow artifacts. We propose a method that spatially encodes these outflowing spins to reduce their effects in the intended slice. METHODS Bloch simulations were performed to characterize through-plane flow and to investigate how the use of phase encoding along the slice select's direction ("slice encoding") could alleviate its issues. Phantom scans and in vivo cines were acquired on a 3T system, comparing the standard 2D acquisition to the proposed slice-encoding method. Nineteen healthy volunteers were recruited for short-axis and horizontal long-axis oriented scans. An expert radiologist evaluated each slice-encoded/standard cine pairs in a rank comparison test and graded their quality on a 1-5 scale. The grades were used for a nonparametric paired evaluation for independent samples with a null hypothesis that there was no statistical difference between the two quality-grade distributions for α = 0.05 significance. RESULTS Bloch simulation results demonstrated this technique's feasibility, showing a fully resolved slice profile given a sufficient number of slice encodes. These results were confirmed with the phantom experiments. Each in vivo slice-encoded cine had a higher quality than its corresponding standard acquisition. The nonparametric paired evaluation came to 0.01 significance, encouraging us to reject the null hypothesis and conclude that slice-encoding effectively works in reducing outflow effects. CONCLUSION The slice-encoding balanced SSFP technique is helpful in mitigating outflow effects and is achievable within a single breath hold, being a useful alternative for cases in which the flow artifacts are significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadil Ali
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Physics and Biology in Medicine Inter-Departmental Graduate Program, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Mark Bydder
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Hui Han
- Biomedical Imaging Research Center, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Da Wang
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Vahid Ghodrati
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Physics and Biology in Medicine Inter-Departmental Graduate Program, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Chang Gao
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Physics and Biology in Medicine Inter-Departmental Graduate Program, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Ashley Prosper
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Kim-Lien Nguyen
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Physics and Biology in Medicine Inter-Departmental Graduate Program, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Division of Cardiology, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - J Paul Finn
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Peng Hu
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Physics and Biology in Medicine Inter-Departmental Graduate Program, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
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15
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Wang Y, Zhang Y, Wen Z, Tian B, Kao E, Liu X, Xuan W, Ordovas K, Saloner D, Liu J. Deep learning based fully automatic segmentation of the left ventricular endocardium and epicardium from cardiac cine MRI. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2021; 11:1600-1612. [PMID: 33816194 DOI: 10.21037/qims-20-169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Background The segmentation of cardiac medical images is a crucial step for calculating clinical indices such as wall thickness, ventricular volume, and ejection fraction. Methods In this study, we introduce a method named LsUnet that combines multi-channel, fully convolutional neural network, and annular shape level-set methods for efficiently segmenting cardiac cine magnetic resonance (MR) images. In this method, the multi-channel deep learning algorithm is applied to train the segmentation task to extract the left ventricle (LV) endocardial and epicardial contours. Next, the segmentation contours from the multi-channel deep learning method are incorporated into a level-set formulation, which is dedicated explicitly to detecting annular shapes to assure the segmentation's accuracy and robustness. Results The proposed automatic approach was evaluated on 95 volumes (total 1,076 slices, ~80% as for training datasets, ~20% 2D as for testing datasets). This combined multi-channel deep learning and annular shape level-set segmentation method achieved high accuracy with average Dice values reaching 92.15% and 95.42% for LV endocardium and epicardium delineation, respectively, in comparison to the reference standard (the manual segmentation). Conclusions A novel method for fully automatic segmentation of the LV endocardium and epicardium from different MRI datasets is presented. The proposed workflow is accurate and robust compared to the reference and other state-of-the-art methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA.,Department of Radiology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, USA
| | - Zhaoying Wen
- Department of Radiology, Anzhen Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Tian
- Department of Radiology, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Evan Kao
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
| | - Xinke Liu
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wanling Xuan
- Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, USA
| | - Karen Ordovas
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
| | - David Saloner
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA.,Department of Radiology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, USA
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
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16
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Changes on myocardial perfusion scintigraphy and contrast-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance imaging after definitive radiotherapy in patients with lung cancer. JOURNAL OF RADIOTHERAPY IN PRACTICE 2021. [DOI: 10.1017/s1460396921000091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Aim:
To determine whether myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (MPS) changes in lung cancer patients treated with radiotherapy (RT) were detectable with late gadolinium enhancement cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (LGE CMR).
Materials and methods:
Twenty-one patients with lung cancer were evaluated pre-RT and at 2 and 6 months post-RT follow-up (FU) with MPS and LGE CMR. MPS changes in the left ventricle (LV) were analysed using the semi-quantitative summed rest score method (20 segments) and the Bull’s-eye-view technique. The LGE CMR studies were analysed for visual signs of myocardial damage (fibrosis), that is, focal LGE in the LV and cardiac function parameters.
Results:
MPS changes were detected in 7/20 patients at 2 months FU and in 8/13 patients at 6 months FU. Only one patient had a new irreversible defect judged to be caused by direct irradiation. MPS changes in two cases were deemed to be caused by attenuation. All new MPS defects were minor and no corresponding myocardial damage, or any functional changes, were evident on LGE CMR.
Findings:
The extent of MPS changes at 6 months FU appeared less prominent than in previous reports. No visual signs or functional changes corresponding to myocardial damage were detected on LGE CMR. A risk for false-positive MPS changes caused by attenuation is evident.
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17
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Ke Z, Cheng J, Ying L, Zheng H, Zhu Y, Liang D. An unsupervised deep learning method for multi-coil cine MRI. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 65:235041. [DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/abaffa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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18
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Hirai K, Kido T, Kido T, Ogawa R, Tanabe Y, Nakamura M, Kawaguchi N, Kurata A, Watanabe K, Yamaguchi O, Schmidt M, Forman C, Mochizuki T. Feasibility of contrast-enhanced coronary artery magnetic resonance angiography using compressed sensing. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2020; 22:15. [PMID: 32050982 PMCID: PMC7017458 DOI: 10.1186/s12968-020-0601-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronary magnetic resonance angiography (CMRA) is a promising technique for assessing the coronary arteries. However, a disadvantage of CMRA is the comparatively long acquisition time. Compressed sensing (CS) can considerably reduce the scan time. The aim of this study was to verify the feasibility of CS CMRA scanning during the waiting time between contrast injection and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) scan in a clinical protocol. METHODS Fifty clinical patients underwent contrast-enhanced CS CMRA and conventional CMRA on a 3 T CMR scanner. After contrast injection, CS CMRA was scanned during the waiting time for LGE CMR. A conventional CMRA scan was performed after LGE CMR. We assessed acquisition times and coronary artery image quality for each segment on a 4-point scale. Visible vessel length, sharpness and diameter of right (RCA), left anterior descending (LAD), and left circumflex (LCX) coronary arteries were also quantitatively compared among the scans. RESULTS All CS CMRA scans were successfully performed within the LGE waiting time. The median total scan time was 207 s (163, 259 s) for CS and 785 s (698, 975 s) for conventional CMRA (p < 0.001). No significant differences were observed in image quality scores, vessel length measurements, sharpness, and diameter between CS and conventional CMRA. CONCLUSIONS We could achieve all CS CMRA scans within the LGE waiting time. Contrast-enhanced CS CMRA could considerably shorten the scan time while maintaining image quality compared with conventional CMRA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuniaki Hirai
- Department of Radiology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295 Japan
| | - Teruhito Kido
- Department of Radiology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295 Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Kido
- Department of Radiology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295 Japan
| | - Ryo Ogawa
- Department of Radiology, Saiseikai Matsuyama Hospital, 880-2, Yamanishi, Matsuyama, Ehime 791-8026 Japan
| | - Yuki Tanabe
- Department of Radiology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295 Japan
| | - Masashi Nakamura
- Department of Radiology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295 Japan
| | - Naoto Kawaguchi
- Department of Radiology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295 Japan
| | - Akira Kurata
- Department of Radiology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295 Japan
| | - Kouki Watanabe
- Department of Cardiology, Saiseikai Matsuyama Hospital, 880-2, Yamanishi, Matsuyama, Ehime 791-8026 Japan
| | - Osamu Yamaguchi
- Department of Cardiology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295 Japan
| | - Michaela Schmidt
- Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Allee am Roethelheimpark 2, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christoph Forman
- Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Allee am Roethelheimpark 2, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Teruhito Mochizuki
- Department of Radiology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295 Japan
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19
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Three-Dimensional Free-Breathing Whole-Heart Coronary Magnetic Resonance Angiography at 1.5 T: Gadobutrol-Enhanced Gradient-Echo Acquisition Sequence Versus Non-Contrast-Enhanced Steady-State Free Precession Sequence. J Comput Assist Tomogr 2019; 43:919-925. [PMID: 31738205 DOI: 10.1097/rct.0000000000000933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to compare gadobutrol-enhanced gradient-echo sequence (GRE) acquisition with T2-prepared non-contrast-enhanced steady-state free precession (SSFP) in coronary magnetic resonance angiography at 1.5 T. METHODS Twenty-one subjects successfully completed GRE and SSFP acquisition. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast-to-noise ratio, image quality, sharpness, visibility, length, and lumen diameter of vessels were analyzed by 2 experienced radiologists. RESULTS The SNR at whole left circumflex artery, left main artery, and proximal left descending artery (LAD) was significantly higher in SSFP acquisition (P < 0.05). The SNR of distal LAD was slightly higher in GRE acquisition (P < 0.05). The contrast-to-noise ratio at distal LAD, proximal and distal RCA were significantly higher with GRE acquisition (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Double-dose gadobutrol-enhanced GRE and unenhanced SSFP coronary magnetic resonance angiography at 1.5 T have their own characteristics, and the combined use of the 2 methods may be taken into consideration.
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20
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE. The recent advancement of deep learning techniques has profoundly impacted research on quantitative cardiac MRI analysis. The purpose of this article is to introduce the concept of deep learning, review its current applications on quantitative cardiac MRI, and discuss its limitations and challenges. CONCLUSION. Deep learning has shown state-of-the-art performance on quantitative analysis of multiple cardiac MRI sequences and holds great promise for future use in clinical practice and scientific research.
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21
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Yaman B, Weingärtner S, Kargas N, Sidiropoulos ND, Akçakaya M. Low-Rank Tensor Models for Improved Multi-Dimensional MRI: Application to Dynamic Cardiac T 1 Mapping. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTATIONAL IMAGING 2019; 6:194-207. [PMID: 32206691 PMCID: PMC7087548 DOI: 10.1109/tci.2019.2940916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Multi-dimensional, multi-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become increasingly available for comprehensive and time-efficient evaluation of various pathologies, providing large amounts of data and offering new opportunities for improved image reconstructions. Recently, a cardiac phase-resolved myocardial T 1 mapping method has been introduced to provide dynamic information on tissue viability. Improved spatio-temporal resolution in clinically acceptable scan times is highly desirable but requires high acceleration factors. Tensors are well-suited to describe inter-dimensional hidden structures in such multi-dimensional datasets. In this study, we sought to utilize and compare different tensor decomposition methods, without the use of auxiliary navigator data. We explored multiple processing approaches in order to enable high-resolution cardiac phase-resolved myocardial T 1 mapping. Eight different low-rank tensor approximation and processing approaches were evaluated using quantitative analysis of accuracy and precision in T 1 maps acquired in six healthy volunteers. All methods provided comparable T 1 values. However, the precision was significantly improved using local processing, as well as a direct tensor rank approximation. Low-rank tensor approximation approaches are well-suited to enable dynamic T 1 mapping at high spatio-temporal resolutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burhaneddin Yaman
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, and Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455
| | - Sebastian Weingärtner
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, and Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455
| | - Nikolaos Kargas
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455
| | - Nicholas D Sidiropoulos
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22904
| | - Mehmet Akçakaya
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, and Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455
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22
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Abstract
Intracardiac masses are classified as neoplastic or non-neoplastic. Prognosis varies based on the diagnosis of the mass since treatment options differ greatly. As novel imaging techniques emerge, a multimodality approach to the evaluation of intracardiac masses becomes an important part of non-invasive evaluation prior to potential surgical planning or oncological treatment. The purpose of this article is to compare the available imaging modalities-echocardiography, cardiovascular magnetic resonance, cardiac computed tomography, nuclear imaging, and emerging novel hybrid imaging techniques for future clinical applications-and to review the characteristic features seen on those modalities for the most common intracardiac masses.
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23
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Raptis CA, Ludwig DR, Hammer MM, Luna A, Broncano J, Henry TS, Bhalla S, Ackman JB. Building blocks for thoracic MRI: Challenges, sequences, and protocol design. J Magn Reson Imaging 2019; 50:682-701. [PMID: 30779459 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.26677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Thoracic MRI presents important and unique challenges. Decreased proton density in the lung in combination with respiratory and cardiac motion can degrade image quality and render poorly executed sequences uninterpretable. Despite these challenges, thoracic MRI has an important clinical role, both as a problem-solving tool and in an increasing array of clinical indications. Advances in scanner and sequence design have also helped to drive this development, presenting the radiologist with improved techniques for thoracic MRI. Given this evolving landscape, radiologists must be familiar with what thoracic MR has to offer. The first step in developing an effective thoracic MRI practice requires the creation of efficient and malleable protocols that can answer clinical questions. To do this, radiologists must have a working knowledge of the MR sequences that are used in the thorax, many of which have been adapted from use elsewhere in the body. These sequences can be broadly divided into three categories: traditional/anatomic, functional, and cine based. Traditional/anatomic sequences allow for the depiction of anatomy and pathologic processes with the ability for characterization of signal intensity and contrast enhancement. Functional sequences, including diffusion-weighted imaging, and high temporal resolution dynamic contrast enhancement, allow for the noninvasive measurement of tissue-specific parameters. Cine-based sequences can depict the motion of structures in the thorax, either with retrospective ECG gating or in real time. The purpose of this article is to review these categories, the building block sequences that comprise them, and identify basic questions that should be considered in thoracic MRI protocol design. Level of Evidence: 5 Technical Efficacy Stage: 3 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;50:682-701.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel R Ludwig
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Mark M Hammer
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Antonio Luna
- Health Time, Clinica Las Nieves, Jaen, Spain.,University Hospitals, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Jordi Broncano
- Health Time, Hospital de la Cruz Roja and San Juan de Dios, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Travis S Henry
- University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Sanjeev Bhalla
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Jeanne B Ackman
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Wang Y, Zhang Y, Xuan W, Kao E, Cao P, Tian B, Ordovas K, Saloner D, Liu J. Fully automatic segmentation of 4D MRI for cardiac functional measurements. Med Phys 2018; 46:180-189. [PMID: 30352129 DOI: 10.1002/mp.13245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Segmentation of cardiac medical images, an important step in measuring cardiac function, is usually performed either manually or semiautomatically. Fully automatic segmentation of the left ventricle (LV), the right ventricle (RV) as well as the myocardium of three-dimensional (3D) magnetic resonance (MR) images throughout the entire cardiac cycle (four-dimensional, 4D), remains challenging. This study proposes a deformable-based segmentation methodology for efficiently segmenting 4D (3D + t) cardiac MR images. METHODS The proposed methodology first used the Hough transform and the local Gaussian distribution method (LGD) to segment the LV endocardial contours from cardiac MR images. Following this, a novel level set-based shape prior method was applied to generate the LV epicardial contours and the RV boundary. RESULTS This automatic image segmentation approach has been applied to studies on 17 subjects. The results demonstrated that the proposed method was efficient compared to manual segmentation, achieving a segmentation accuracy with average Dice values of 88.62 ± 5.47%, 87.35 ± 7.26%, and 82.63 ± 6.22% for the LV endocardial, LV epicardial, and RV contours, respectively. CONCLUSIONS We have presented a method for accurate LV and RV segmentation. Compared to three existing methods, the proposed method can successfully segment the LV and yield the highest Dice value. This makes it an option for clinical assessment of the volume, size, and thickness of the ventricles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94121, USA
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94121, USA.,Veteran Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, 94121, USA
| | - Wanling Xuan
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
| | - Evan Kao
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94121, USA.,University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Peng Cao
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94107, USA
| | - Bing Tian
- Department of Radiology, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Karen Ordovas
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94121, USA
| | - David Saloner
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94121, USA.,Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94121, USA
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94108, USA
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Wang X, Yang B, Adams MP, Gao X, Karakatsanis NA, Tang J. Improved myocardial perfusion PET imaging with MRI assisted reconstruction incorporating multi-resolution joint entropy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 63:175017. [DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/aad8f9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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26
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Raptis CA, McWilliams SR, Ratkowski KL, Broncano J, Green DB, Bhalla S. Mediastinal and Pleural MR Imaging: Practical Approach for Daily Practice. Radiographics 2018; 38:37-55. [PMID: 29320326 DOI: 10.1148/rg.2018170091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Radiologists in any practice setting should be prepared to use thoracic magnetic resonance (MR) imaging for noncardiac and nonangiographic applications. This begins with understanding the sequence building blocks that can be used to design effective thoracic MR imaging protocols. In most instances, the sequences used in thoracic MR imaging are adapted from protocols used elsewhere in the body. Some modifications, including the addition of electrocardiographic gating or respiratory triggering, may be necessary for certain applications. Once protocols are in place, recognition of clinical scenarios in which thoracic MR imaging can provide value beyond other imaging modalities is essential. MR imaging is particularly beneficial in evaluating for benign features in indeterminate lesions. In lesions that are suspected to be composed of fluid, including mediastinal cysts and lesions composed of dilated lymphatics, MR imaging can confirm the presence of fluid and absence of suspicious enhancement. It can also be used to evaluate for intravoxel lipid, a finding seen in benign residual thymic tissue and thymic hyperplasia. Because of its excellent contrast resolution and potential for subtraction images, MR imaging can interrogate local treatment sites for the development of recurrent tumor on a background of post-treatment changes. In addition to characterization of lesions, thoracic MR imaging can be useful in surgical and treatment planning. By identifying nodular sites of enhancement or areas of diffusion restriction within cystic or necrotic lesions, MR imaging can be used to direct sites for biopsy. MR imaging can help evaluate for local tumor invasion with the application of "real-time" cine sequences to determine whether a lesion is adherent to an adjacent structure or surface. Finally, MR imaging is the modality of choice for imaging potential tumor thrombus. By understanding the role of MR imaging in these clinical scenarios, radiologists can increase the use of thoracic MR imaging for the benefit of improved decision making in the care of patients. ©RSNA, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantine A Raptis
- From the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd, Campus Box 8131, St Louis, MO 63110 (C.A.R., S.R.M., K.L.R., S.B.); Department of Radiology, Hospital Cruz Roja, Córdoba, Spain (J.B.); and Department of Radiology, Weill Medical College, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY (D.B.G.)
| | - Sebastian R McWilliams
- From the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd, Campus Box 8131, St Louis, MO 63110 (C.A.R., S.R.M., K.L.R., S.B.); Department of Radiology, Hospital Cruz Roja, Córdoba, Spain (J.B.); and Department of Radiology, Weill Medical College, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY (D.B.G.)
| | - Kristy L Ratkowski
- From the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd, Campus Box 8131, St Louis, MO 63110 (C.A.R., S.R.M., K.L.R., S.B.); Department of Radiology, Hospital Cruz Roja, Córdoba, Spain (J.B.); and Department of Radiology, Weill Medical College, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY (D.B.G.)
| | - Jordi Broncano
- From the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd, Campus Box 8131, St Louis, MO 63110 (C.A.R., S.R.M., K.L.R., S.B.); Department of Radiology, Hospital Cruz Roja, Córdoba, Spain (J.B.); and Department of Radiology, Weill Medical College, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY (D.B.G.)
| | - Daniel B Green
- From the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd, Campus Box 8131, St Louis, MO 63110 (C.A.R., S.R.M., K.L.R., S.B.); Department of Radiology, Hospital Cruz Roja, Córdoba, Spain (J.B.); and Department of Radiology, Weill Medical College, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY (D.B.G.)
| | - Sanjeev Bhalla
- From the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd, Campus Box 8131, St Louis, MO 63110 (C.A.R., S.R.M., K.L.R., S.B.); Department of Radiology, Hospital Cruz Roja, Córdoba, Spain (J.B.); and Department of Radiology, Weill Medical College, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY (D.B.G.)
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Rashid S, Han F, Gao Y, Sung K, Cao M, Yang Y, Hu P. Cardiac balanced steady-state free precession MRI at 0.35 T: a comparison study with 1.5 T. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2018; 8:627-636. [PMID: 30211030 DOI: 10.21037/qims.2018.08.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Background While low-field MRI is disadvantaged by a reduced signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) compared to higher fields, it has a number of useful features such as decreased SAR and shorter T1, and has shown promise for diagnostic imaging. This study demonstrates the feasibility of cardiac balanced steady-state free precession (bSSFP) MRI at 0.35 T and compares cardiac bSSFP MRI images at 0.35 T with those at 1.5 T. Methods Cardiac images were acquired in 7 healthy volunteers using an ECG-gated bSSFP cine sequence on a 0.35 T superconducting MR system as well as a clinical 1.5 T system. Blood and myocardium SNR and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) were computed. Subjective image scoring was used to compare the image quality between 0.35 and 1.5 T. Results Cardiac images at 0.35 T were successfully acquired in all volunteers. While the 0.35 T images were noisier than those at 1.5 T, blood, myocardium and papillary muscles could be clearly delineated. At 0.35 T, bSSFP images were acquired at flip angles as high as 150°. Maximum CNR was achieved at 130°. Image quality scoring showed that while at lower flip angles, the 0.35 T images had poorer quality than the 1.5 T, but with flip angles of 110 and 130, the image quality at 0.35 T had scores similar to those at 1.5 T. Conclusions This study demonstrates that cardiac bSSFP imaging is highly feasible at 0.35 T.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shams Rashid
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Fei Han
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yu Gao
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Physics and Biology in Medicine Inter-Departmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kyunghyun Sung
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Physics and Biology in Medicine Inter-Departmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Minsong Cao
- Physics and Biology in Medicine Inter-Departmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yingli Yang
- Physics and Biology in Medicine Inter-Departmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Peng Hu
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Physics and Biology in Medicine Inter-Departmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Group sparsity with orthogonal dictionary and nonconvex regularization for exact MRI reconstruction. Inf Sci (N Y) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ins.2018.03.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Pednekar AS, Wang H, Flamm S, Cheong BY, Muthupillai R. Two-center clinical validation and quantitative assessment of respiratory triggered retrospectively cardiac gated balanced-SSFP cine cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging in adults. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2018; 20:44. [PMID: 29950177 PMCID: PMC6022503 DOI: 10.1186/s12968-018-0467-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breath-hold (BH) requirement remains the limiting factor on the spatio-temporal resolution and coverage of the cine balanced steady-state free precession (bSSFP) cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging. In this prospective two-center clinical trial, we validated the performance of a respiratory triggered (RT) bSSFP cine sequence for evaluation of biventricular function. METHODS Our study included 23 asymptomatic healthy subjects and 60 consecutive patients from Institute A (n = 39) and Institute B (n = 21) referred for a clinically indicated CMR study. We implemented a RT sequence with a respiratory synchronized drive to steady state (SS) of bSSFP signal, before the commencement of image data acquisition with prospective cardiac arrhythmia rejection and retrospectively cardiac gated reconstruction in real-time. Left (LV) and right (RV) ventricular function and LV mass were evaluated by using RT-bSSFP and conventional BH-bSSFP sequences with one cardiac cycle for SS preparation keeping all the imaging parameters identical. The performance of the sequences was evaluated by using quantitative and semi-quantitative metrics. RESULTS Global LV and RV functional parameters and LV mass obtained from the RT-bSSFP and BH-bSSFP sequences were in good agreement. Quantitative metrics designed to capture fluctuation in SS signal intensity showed no significant difference between sequences. In addition, blood-to-myocardial contrast was nearly identical between sequences. The combined clinical score for image quality was excellent or good for 100% of cases with the BH-bSSFP and 83% of cases with the RT-bSSFP sequence. The de facto image acquisition time for RT-bSSFP was statistically significantly longer than that for conventional BH-bSSFP (7.9 ± 3.4 min vs. 5.1 ± 2.6 min). CONCLUSIONS Cine RT-bSSFP is an alternative for evaluating global biventricular function with contrast and spatio-temporal resolutions that are similar to those attained by using the BH-bSSFP sequence, albeit with a modest time penalty and a small reduction in image quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amol S Pednekar
- Department of Radiology, Texas Children’s Hospital, 6701 Fannin Street, Suite D470.09, Houston, TX 77030-2399 USA
| | - Hui Wang
- Philips Healthcare, Gainesville, FL USA
| | - Scott Flamm
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH USA
| | - Benjamin Y. Cheong
- Department of Radiology, Baylor St. Luke’s Medical Center, Houston, TX USA
| | - Raja Muthupillai
- Department of Radiology, Baylor St. Luke’s Medical Center, Houston, TX USA
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30
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Magnetic resonance imaging characteristics of cardiac hydatid cyst. Clin Imaging 2018; 51:202-208. [PMID: 29860193 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2018.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this article is to describe the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of cardiac hydatid disease and show the specific findings in the diagnosis of hydatic cysts. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective review of cardiac MRI records between 2015 and 2017, 7 patients (3 males, 4 females; age range: 14-74) were identified with the histologic diagnosis of cardiac hydatid disease. Cardiac MRI examinations were performed in order to investigate the cardiac cystic-solid lesion obtained via previous echocardiography (ECG) and thorax computed tomography. 1.5 Tesla magnetic field power generation capacity was used and the images were acquired with ECG trigger. RESULTS There is variation in signal characteristics of cysts on T1-weighted and T2-weighted images. Early contrast enhancement was not observed in the any of lesions on contrast-enhanced series. In all lesions examined, peripheral contrast enhancement was observed in the late contrast enhanced series, independent from the internal structure and signal intensity. CONCLUSIONS MRI reveals the exact anatomic location and nature of the cyst structures. Peripheral enhancement of non-enhancing lesion is very valuable for diagnosis of cardiac hydatids on MRI.
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Kim SR, Lerman LO. Diagnostic imaging in the management of patients with metabolic syndrome. Transl Res 2018; 194:1-18. [PMID: 29175480 PMCID: PMC5839955 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2017.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is the constellation of metabolic risk factors that might foster development of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Abdominal obesity and insulin resistance play a prominent role among all metabolic traits of MetS. Because intervention including weight loss can reduce these morbidity and mortality in MetS, early detection of the severity and complications of MetS could be useful. Recent advances in imaging modalities have provided significant insight into the development and progression of abdominal obesity and insulin resistance, as well as target organ injuries. The purpose of this review is to summarize advances in diagnostic imaging modalities in MetS that can be applied for evaluating each components and target organs. This may help in early detection, monitoring target organ injury, and in turn developing novel therapeutic target to alleviate and avert them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo Rin Kim
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn
| | - Lilach O Lerman
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn.
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Sami SM, Elfawal SK, Abdelgawad MS, Zidan MA, Zaki AM, Mowaki AF. MDCT in the study of left ventricular function compared with MRI in patients with myocardial ischemia. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrnm.2017.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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Ricciardi M. Principles and applications of the balanced steady-state free precession sequence in small animal low-field MRI. Vet Res Commun 2018; 42:65-86. [PMID: 29302913 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-017-9708-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in small animal practice is largely based on classic two-dimensional spin-echo, inversion recovery and gradient-echo sequences which are largely limited by low spatial resolution, especially in low-field (LF)-MRI scanners. Nowadays, however, the availability of volumetric sequences can open new perspectives and enhance the diagnostic potential of this imaging modality. Balanced steady-state free precession (bSSFP) is a three-dimensional gradient-echo sequence in which image contrast is given by the ratio of T2 and T1, resulting in low soft-tissue signal, poor cerebral grey/white matter distinction and a bright signal from free fluid and fat. Such properties, along with a high signal-to-noise ratio and a very high spatial resolution deriving from acquisition of contiguous blocks of data, make this sequence perfectly suited for morphologic imaging, particularly for fluid-containing structures. Although bSSFP is widely adopted in human medical imaging, the use of this sequence in veterinary radiology is limited to anatomic studies of the inner ear and quadrigeminal cistern. This review aims to discuss the technical background of the bSSFP sequence and its possible advantageous applications in small animal LF-MRI for different specific disorders of the spine (arachnoid diverticula, small disc herniation, facet joint synovial cysts), brain (supracollicular fluid accumulation, traumatic injuries) and ligaments (complete and partial tears).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Ricciardi
- Pingry Veterinary Hospital, via Medaglie d'Oro 5, Bari, Italy.
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Nguyen KL, Park EA, Yoshida T, Hu P, Finn JP. Ferumoxytol enhanced black-blood cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2017; 19:106. [PMID: 29284494 PMCID: PMC5745904 DOI: 10.1186/s12968-017-0422-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bright-blood and black-blood cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) techniques are frequently employed together during a clinical exam because of their complementary features. While valuable, existing black-blood CMR approaches are flow dependent and prone to failure. We aim to assess the effectiveness and reliability of ferumoxytol enhanced (FE) Half-Fourier Single-shot Turbo Spin-echo (HASTE) imaging without magnetization preparation pulses to yield uniform intra-luminal blood signal suppression by comparing FE-HASTE with pre-ferumoxytol HASTE imaging. METHODS This study was IRB-approved and HIPAA compliant. Consecutive patients who were referred for FE-CMR between June 2013 and February 2017 were enrolled. Qualitative image scores reflecting the degree and reliability of blood signal suppression were based on a 3-point Likert scale, with 3 reflecting perfect suppression. For quantitative evaluation, homogeneity indices (defined as standard deviation of the left atrial signal intensity) and signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) for vascular lumens and cardiac chambers were measured. RESULTS Of the 340 unique patients who underwent FE-CMR, HASTE was performed in 257. Ninety-three patients had both pre-ferumoxytol HASTE and FE-HASTE, and were included in this analysis. Qualitative image scores reflecting the degree and reliability of blood signal suppression were significantly higher for FE-HASTE images (2.9 [IQR 2.8-3.0] vs 1.8 [IQR 1.6-2.1], p < 0.001). Inter-reader agreement was moderate (k = 0.50, 95% CI 0.45-0.55). Blood signal suppression was more complete on FE-HASTE images than on pre-ferumoxytol HASTE, as indicated by lower mean homogeneity indices (24.5 [IQR 18.0-32.8] vs 108.0 [IQR 65.0-170.4], p < 0.001) and lower blood pool SNR for all regions (5.6 [IQR 3.2-10.0] vs 21.5 [IQR 12.5-39.4], p < 0.001). CONCLUSION FE-HASTE black-blood imaging offers an effective, reliable, and simple approach for flow independent blood signal suppression. The technique holds promise as a fast and routine complement to bright-blood cardiovascular imaging with ferumoxytol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim-Lien Nguyen
- Diagnostic Cardiovascular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California USA
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California USA
- Physics and Biology in Medicine Interdepartmental Graduate Program, Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California at Los Angeles, Peter V. Ueberroth Building Suite 3371, 10945 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90095-7206 USA
| | - Eun-Ah Park
- Diagnostic Cardiovascular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California USA
- Department of Radiology and The Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 110-744 South Korea
| | - Takegawa Yoshida
- Diagnostic Cardiovascular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California USA
| | - Peng Hu
- Diagnostic Cardiovascular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California USA
- Physics and Biology in Medicine Interdepartmental Graduate Program, Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California at Los Angeles, Peter V. Ueberroth Building Suite 3371, 10945 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90095-7206 USA
| | - J. Paul Finn
- Diagnostic Cardiovascular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California USA
- Physics and Biology in Medicine Interdepartmental Graduate Program, Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California at Los Angeles, Peter V. Ueberroth Building Suite 3371, 10945 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90095-7206 USA
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Koktzoglou I, Edelman RR. Radial fast interrupted steady-state (FISS) magnetic resonance imaging. Magn Reson Med 2017; 79:2077-2086. [PMID: 28856788 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.26881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To report a highly interrupted radial variant of balanced steady-state free precession (bSSFP) imaging, termed fast interrupted steady-state (FISS), for decreasing flow artifact as well as fat signal conspicuity with respect to bSSFP, and saturation effects vis-à-vis fast low-angle shot (FLASH) imaging. METHODS Numerical simulations, phantom studies, and human studies were conducted to examine the imaging contrast, off-resonance behavior, and flow properties of FISS. Human studies applied FISS for cine cardiac imaging and ungated nonenhanced MR angiography (MRA) of the legs, neck, and brain. Comparisons were made with bSSFP and FLASH imaging. RESULTS Simulations revealed that FISS retains the high signal levels of bSSFP for stationary on-resonant spins, while reducing undesirable signal heterogeneity from flowing spins. Phantom studies agreed with the simulations, and showed that FISS reduces fat signal and flow artifact with respect to bSSFP imaging. FISS imaging in human subjects agreed with the simulations and phantom studies, and showed reduced saturation artifact compared with FLASH imaging. CONCLUSION FISS imaging reduces flow artifact and fat signal conspicuity with respect to bSSFP imaging, and ameliorates arterial signal saturation observed with FLASH imaging. Potential clinical applications include fat-suppressed cine imaging and ungated nonenhanced MRA. Magn Reson Med 79:2077-2086, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Koktzoglou
- Department of Radiology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA.,The University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Robert R Edelman
- Department of Radiology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA.,Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Nguyen KL, Hu P, Ennis DB, Shao J, Pham KA, Chen JJ. Cardiac MRI: a Translational Imaging Tool for Characterizing Anthracycline-Induced Myocardial Remodeling. Curr Oncol Rep 2017; 18:48. [PMID: 27292153 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-016-0533-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular side effects of cancer therapeutics are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in cancer survivors. Anthracyclines (AC) serve as the backbone of many anti-cancer treatment strategies, but dose-dependent myocardial injury limits their use. Cumulative AC exposure can disrupt the dynamic equilibrium of the myocardial microarchitecture while repeated injury and repair leads to myocyte loss, interstitial myocardial fibrosis, and impaired contractility. Although children are assumed to have greater myocardial plasticity, AC exposure at a younger age portends worse prognosis. In older patients, there is lower overall survival once they develop cardiovascular disease. Because aberrations in the myocardial architecture predispose the heart to a decline in function, early detection with sensitive imaging tools is crucial and the implications for resource utilization are substantial. As a comprehensive imaging modality, cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging is able to go beyond quantification of ejection fraction and myocardial deformation to characterize adaptive microstructural and microvascular changes that are important to myocardial tissue health. Herein, we describe CMR as an established translational imaging tool that can be used clinically to characterize AC-associated myocardial remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim-Lien Nguyen
- Diagnostic Cardiovascular Imaging Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA. .,Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, MC 111E, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA.
| | - Peng Hu
- Diagnostic Cardiovascular Imaging Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Daniel B Ennis
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jiaxin Shao
- Diagnostic Cardiovascular Imaging Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kimberly A Pham
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, MC 111E, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA
| | - Joseph J Chen
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, MC 111E, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA
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Goebel J, Nensa F, Schemuth HP, Maderwald S, Quick HH, Schlosser T, Nassenstein K. Real-time SPARSE-SENSE cine MR imaging in atrial fibrillation: a feasibility study. Acta Radiol 2017; 58:922-928. [PMID: 28273733 DOI: 10.1177/0284185116681037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) relies on correct ECG-gating, which is hindered in arrhythmia. Purpose To examine whether a prototype free-breathing real-time cine sequence using SPARSE-SENSE (SPARSE) improves left ventricular quantification in atrial fibrillation. Material and Methods On a 1.5T MR system left ventricular short-axis stacks were acquired of the SPARSE sequence and of a "reference" steady-state free precession (SSFP) sequence with arrhythmia rejection in 20 patients with atrial fibrillation. Two radiologists independently rated arrhythmia-caused artifact severity in both sequences using a 4-point scale. Coefficients of variation of myocardial signal intensity for both sequences were acquired. Volumetry was performed twice by one reader and once by another reader. Correlation between artifact severity and employed sequence was analyzed by modified Fisher's exact test. Coefficients of variation and volumetric data were compared by paired t-test and intraclass correlation. Results Median arrhythmia-caused artifact severity was 2 in both readers for SSFP and 0 (reader 1)/1 (reader 2) for SPARSE, being significantly lower in SPARSE ( P < 0.001). Mean coefficient of variance was significantly smaller in SPARSE (0.11 ± 0.04) compared to SSFP (0.22 ± 0.13, P = 0.003), which was interpreted as a hint for fewer artifacts in SPARSE. Only a small difference of 9 ± 15 mL was seen for end-systolic volume ( P = 0.019) between sequences, otherwise no significant difference was detected (end-diastolic volume, P = 0.200; stroke volume, P = 0.554; ejection fraction, P = 0.136; myocardial mass, P = 0.353). Intraclass correlation between sequences was good to excellent (range, 0.80-0.97). Conclusion Real-time MRI with SPARSE data sampling is promising in atrial fibrillation because it reduces arrhythmia-caused artifacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Goebel
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Felix Nensa
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Haemi P Schemuth
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Stefan Maderwald
- Erwin L. Hahn Institute for Magnetic Resonance Imaging, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Harald H Quick
- Erwin L. Hahn Institute for Magnetic Resonance Imaging, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- High Field and Hybrid MR Imaging, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Thomas Schlosser
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Kai Nassenstein
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
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Wachowicz K, De Zanche N, Yip E, Volotovskyy V, Fallone BG. CNR considerations for rapid real-time MRI tumor tracking in radiotherapy hybrid devices: Effects of B0 field strength. Med Phys 2017; 43:4903. [PMID: 27487907 DOI: 10.1118/1.4959542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This work examines the subject of contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), specifically between tumor and tissue background, and its dependence on the MRI field strength, B0. This examination is motivated by the recent interest and developments in MRI/radiotherapy hybrids where real-time imaging can be used to guide treatment beams. The ability to distinguish a tumor from background tissue is of primary importance in this field, and this work seeks to elucidate the complex relationship between the CNR and B0 that is too often assumed to be purely linear. METHODS Experimentally based models of B0-dependant relaxation for various tumor and normal tissues from the literature were used in conjunction with signal equations for MR sequences suitable for rapid real-time imaging to develop field-dependent predictions for CNR. These CNR models were developed for liver, lung, breast, glioma, and kidney tumors for spoiled gradient-echo, balanced steady-state free precession (bSSFP), and single-shot half-Fourier fast spin echo sequences. RESULTS Due to the pattern in which the relaxation properties of tissues are found to vary over B0 field (specifically the T1 time), there was always an improved CNR at lower fields compared to linear dependency. Further, in some tumor sites, the CNR at lower fields was found to be comparable to, or sometimes higher than those at higher fields (i.e., bSSFP CNR for glioma, kidney, and liver tumors). CONCLUSIONS In terms of CNR, lower B0 fields have been shown to perform as well or better than higher fields for some tumor sites due to superior T1 contrast. In other sites this effect was less pronounced, reversing the CNR advantage. This complex relationship between CNR and B0 reveals both low and high magnetic fields as viable options for tumor tracking in MRI/radiotherapy hybrids.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Wachowicz
- Division of Medical Physics, Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Cross Cancer Institute, 11560 University Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1Z2, Canada
| | - N De Zanche
- Division of Medical Physics, Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Cross Cancer Institute, 11560 University Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1Z2, Canada
| | - E Yip
- Division of Medical Physics, Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Cross Cancer Institute, 11560 University Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1Z2, Canada
| | - V Volotovskyy
- Cross Cancer Institute, Alberta Health Services, 11560 University Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1Z2, Canada
| | - B G Fallone
- Department of Medical Physics, Cross Cancer Institute, 11560 University Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1Z2, Canada and Departments of Oncology and Physics, University of Alberta, 11560 University Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1Z2, Canada
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Sparse and dense hybrid representation via subspace modeling for dynamic MRI. Comput Med Imaging Graph 2017; 56:24-37. [PMID: 28214787 DOI: 10.1016/j.compmedimag.2017.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Recent theoretical results on compressed sensing and low-rank matrix recovery have inspired significant interest in joint sparse and low rank modeling of dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI). Existing approaches usually describe these two respective prior information with different formulations. In this paper, we present a novel sparse and dense hybrid representation (SDR) model which describes the sparse plus low rank properties by a unified way. More specifically, under the learned dictionary consisting of temporal basis functions, SDR models the spatial coefficients in two subspaces with Laplacian and Gaussian prior distributions, respectively. This results in the objective function consisting of L1-L2 hybrid penalty term for the coefficients and Frobenius norm term for the dictionary. An efficient algorithm utilizing alternating direction technique is developed to solve the proposed model. Extensive experiments under a variety of test images and a comprehensive evaluation against existing state-of-the-art methods consistently demonstrate the potential of the proposed model and algorithm, in terms of reconstruction and separation comparisons.
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Sun A, Zhao B, Li Y, He Q, Li R, Yuan C. Real-time phase-contrast flow cardiovascular magnetic resonance with low-rank modeling and parallel imaging. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2017; 19:19. [PMID: 28183320 PMCID: PMC5301411 DOI: 10.1186/s12968-017-0330-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Conventional phase-contrast cardiovascular magnetic resonance (PC-CMR) employs cine-based acquisitions to assess blood flow condition, in which electro-cardiogram (ECG) gating and respiration control are generally required. This often results in lower acquisition efficiency, and limited utility in the presence of cardiovascular pathology (e.g., cardiac arrhythmia). Real-time PC-CMR, without ECG gating and respiration control, is a promising alternative that could overcome limitations of the conventional approach. But real-time PC-CMR involves image reconstruction from highly undersampled (k, t)-space data, which is very challenging. In this study, we present a novel model-based imaging method to enable high-resolution real-time PC-CMR with sparse sampling. METHODS The proposed method captures spatiotemporal correlation among flow-compensated and flow-encoded image sequences with a novel low-rank model. The image reconstruction problem is then formulated as a low-rank matrix recovery problem. With proper temporal subspace modeling, it results in a convex optimization formulation. We further integrate this formulation with the SENSE-based parallel imaging model to handle multichannel acquisitions. The performance of the proposed method was systematically evaluated in 2D real-time PC-CMR with flow phantom experiments and in vivo experiments (with healthy subjects). Additionally, we performed a feasibility study of the proposed method on patients with cardiac arrhythmia. RESULTS The proposed method achieves a spatial resolution of 1.8 mm and a temporal resolution of 18 ms for 2D real-time PC-CMR with one directional flow encoding. For the flow phantom experiments, both regular and irregular flow patterns were accurately captured. For the in vivo experiments with healthy subjects, flow dynamics obtained from the proposed method correlated well with those from the cine-based acquisitions. For the experiments with the arrhythmic patients, the proposed method demonstrated excellent capability of resolving the beat-by-beat flow variations, which cannot be obtained from the conventional cine-based method. CONCLUSION The proposed method enables high-resolution real-time PC-CMR at 2D without ECG gating and respiration control. It accurately resolves beat-by-beat flow variations, which holds great promise for studying patients with irregular heartbeats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiqi Sun
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Zhao
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Chalestown, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yunduo Li
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Qiong He
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Li
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Haidian District, Beijing, China.
| | - Chun Yuan
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Haidian District, Beijing, China
- Vascular Imaging Lab, Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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Ulyte A, Valeviciene N, Palionis D, Kundrotaite S, Tamosiunas A. Prevalence and clinical significance of extracardiac findings in cardiovascular magnetic resonance. Hellenic J Cardiol 2016; 57:S1109-9666(16)30195-6. [PMID: 27756520 DOI: 10.1016/j.hjc.2016.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR), incidental pathological findings are frequently found outside the investigated cardiovascular system. Some of these findings might have clinical implications. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of incidental extracardiac findings (ECF) in CMR and their clinical significance. METHODS A total of 4165 CMR reports from 2009-2012 were retrospectively reviewed for ECF. Two hundred-twenty reports with ECF were found. For each case, we obtained information on sex, age of the patient, reported ECF and radiologist recommendation. Follow-up data were analyzed by reviewing available electronic medical records. ECF was considered clinically significant if there was an associated diagnosis, additional treatment or further investigations in the clinical follow-up data. RESULTS In total, 356 ECF were recorded in 220 (5.3%) CMR reports. Sixty (23.7%) of the 253 ECF with follow-up data available were clinically significant. The most prevalent ECF were pleural effusions (n=54), kidney cysts (n=54), diffuse lung parenchyma changes (n=33) and liver cysts (n=29). Adrenal pathology (n=3, 100% significant), renal masses (n=3, 100%) and pulmonary masses (n=5, 62.5%) were the most clinically significant ECF. Although prevalence of these ECF was low, they were significant particularly frequently. When radiologist recommendations for further investigation were present in the report, the frequency of clinically significant ECF was higher compared to reports with no further investigation recommended (p<0.001). CONCLUSION In this study, ECF in CMR were reported not very commonly (5.3%). A substantial part of ECF was clinically significant, changing patient diagnosis or management, with an overall prevalence of 1.3%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agne Ulyte
- Vilnius University, Faculty of Medicine, Lithuania.
| | - Nomeda Valeviciene
- Vilnius University, Faculty of Medicine, Lithuania; Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Center, Vilnius University Hospital Santariskiu Klinikos, Lithuania
| | - Darius Palionis
- Vilnius University, Faculty of Medicine, Lithuania; Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Center, Vilnius University Hospital Santariskiu Klinikos, Lithuania
| | - Simona Kundrotaite
- Vilnius University, Faculty of Medicine, Lithuania; Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Center, Vilnius University Hospital Santariskiu Klinikos, Lithuania
| | - Algirdas Tamosiunas
- Vilnius University, Faculty of Medicine, Lithuania; Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Center, Vilnius University Hospital Santariskiu Klinikos, Lithuania
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Stäb D, Roessler J, O'Brien K, Hamilton-Craig C, Barth M. ECG Triggering in Ultra-High Field Cardiovascular MRI. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 2:167-174. [PMID: 30042961 PMCID: PMC6024401 DOI: 10.18383/j.tom.2016.00193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging at ultra-high field (B0 ≥ 7 T) potentially provides improved resolution and new opportunities for tissue characterization. Although an accurate synchronization of the acquisition to the cardiac cycle is essential, electrocardiogram (ECG) triggering at ultra-high field can be significantly impacted by the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) effect. Blood flow within a static magnetic field induces a voltage, which superimposes the ECG and often affects the recognition of the R-wave. The MHD effect scales with B0 and is particularly pronounced at ultra-high field creating triggering-related image artifacts. Here, we investigated the performance of a conventional 3-lead ECG trigger device and a state-of-the-art trigger algorithm for cardiac ECG synchronization at 7 T. We show that by appropriate subject preparation and by including a learning phase for the R-wave detection outside of the magnetic field, reliable ECG triggering is feasible in healthy subjects at 7 T without additional equipment. Ultra-high field cardiac imaging was performed with the ECG signal and the trigger events recorded in 8 healthy subjects. Despite severe ECG signal distortions, synchronized imaging was successfully performed. Recorded ECG signals, vectorcardiograms, and large consistency in trigger event spacing indicate high accuracy for R-wave detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Stäb
- The Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Christian Hamilton-Craig
- Richard Slaughter Centre of Excellence in CVMRI, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Markus Barth
- The Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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He J, Liu Q, Christodoulou AG, Ma C, Lam F, Liang ZP. Accelerated High-Dimensional MR Imaging With Sparse Sampling Using Low-Rank Tensors. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING 2016; 35:2119-29. [PMID: 27093543 PMCID: PMC5487008 DOI: 10.1109/tmi.2016.2550204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
High-dimensional MR imaging often requires long data acquisition time, thereby limiting its practical applications. This paper presents a low-rank tensor based method for accelerated high-dimensional MR imaging using sparse sampling. This method represents high-dimensional images as low-rank tensors (or partially separable functions) and uses this mathematical structure for sparse sampling of the data space and for image reconstruction from highly undersampled data. More specifically, the proposed method acquires two datasets with complementary sampling patterns, one for subspace estimation and the other for image reconstruction; image reconstruction from highly undersampled data is accomplished by fitting the measured data with a sparsity constraint on the core tensor and a group sparsity constraint on the spatial coefficients jointly using the alternating direction method of multipliers. The usefulness of the proposed method is demonstrated in MRI applications; it may also have applications beyond MRI.
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Pathan F, Negishi K. Prediction of cardiovascular outcomes by imaging coronary atherosclerosis. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther 2016; 6:322-39. [PMID: 27500091 DOI: 10.21037/cdt.2015.12.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Over the last two decades, several invasive and non-invasive coronary atherosclerosis imaging modalities have emerged as predictors of cardiovascular outcomes in at-risk population. These modalities have demonstrated independent or incremental prognostic information over existing/standard risk stratification schemes, such as the Framingham risk score (FRS), by identifying characteristics of coronary artery diseases (CADs). In this review, we begin with discussing the importance of pre-test probability and quality of outcome measure, followed by specific findings of each modality in relation to prognosis. We focused on both short and long term prognostic aspects of coronary computed tomography (CT) (including coronary calcium score and coronary angiography) and magnetic resonance imaging as non-invasive tools, as well as invasive modalities including intravascular ultrasound (IVUS), optical coherence tomography (OCT), near infrared spectroscopy and Angioscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faraz Pathan
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Kazuaki Negishi
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
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Komi S, Inoue Y, Hata H, Nakajima A, Miyatake H. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance evaluation of left ventricular peak filling rate using steady-state free precession and phase contrast sequences. SPRINGERPLUS 2016; 5:1163. [PMID: 27512622 PMCID: PMC4960092 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-2878-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated a practical method to measure peak filling rate (PFR) as an indicator of diastolic function of the left ventricle. Ten adult volunteers underwent cine MR imaging using steady-state free precession (SSFP) and phase contrast (PC) sequences to measure PFR. Two PC image sets were acquired at the mitral valve orifice, and PFR was determined from the set with high true temporal resolution (temporal PC method) or with high spatial resolution (spatial PC method). SSFP images covering the left ventricle were acquired, and a time-volume curve was generated around the peak filling phase. PFR was determined using parabolic curve fitting on the first-derivative curve of the LV time-volume curve. FINDINGS PFR values estimated by the PC methods correlated well with those estimated by the SSFP method, despite apparent underestimation. The underestimation was smaller for the temporal PC method (12 %) than for the spatial PC method (28 %). Intra- and inter-observer repeatabilities were better for the PC methods than for the SSFP method. CONCLUSIONS PFR measurement by PC imaging with high true temporal resolution is convenient and offers excellent repeatability and acceptable accuracy, indicating suitability for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shotaro Komi
- Department of Radiology, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa Japan
| | - Yusuke Inoue
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374 Japan
| | - Hirofumi Hata
- Department of Radiology, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa Japan
| | - Ai Nakajima
- Department of Radiology, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa Japan
| | - Hiroki Miyatake
- Department of Radiology, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa Japan
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Loutfi M, Ashour S, El-Sharkawy E, El-Fawal S, El-Touny K. Identification of High-Risk Patients with Non-ST Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction using Strain Doppler Echocardiography: Correlation with Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging. CLINICAL MEDICINE INSIGHTS-CARDIOLOGY 2016; 10:51-9. [PMID: 27199575 PMCID: PMC4863927 DOI: 10.4137/cmc.s35734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Revised: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Assessment of left ventricular (LV) function is important for decision-making and risk stratification in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Many patients with non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) have substantial infarction, but these patients often do not reveal clinical signs of instability, and they rarely fulfill criteria for acute revascularization therapy. AIM This study evaluated the potential of strain Doppler echocardiography analysis for the assessment of LV infarct size when compared with standard two-dimensional echo and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) data. METHODS Thirty patients with NSTEMI were examined using echocardiography after hospitalization for 1.8 ± 1.1 days for the assessment of left ventricular ejection fraction, wall motion score index (WMSI), and LV global longitudinal strain (GLS). Infarct size was assessed using delayed enhancement CMR 6.97 ± 3.2 days after admission as a percentage of total myocardial volume. RESULTS GLS was performed in 30 patients, and 82.9% of the LV segments were accepted for GLS analysis. Comparisons between patients with a complete set of GLS and standard echo, GLS and CMR were performed. The linear relationship demonstrated moderately strong and significant associations between GLS and ejection fraction (EF) as determined using standard echo (r = 0.452, P = 0.012), WMSI (r = 0.462, P = 0.010), and the gold standard CMR-determined EF (r = 0.57, P < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to analyze the ability of GLS to evaluate infarct size. GLS was the best predictor of infarct size in a multivariate linear regression analysis (β = 1.51, P = 0.027). WMSI >1.125 and a GLS cutoff value of -11.29% identified patients with substantial infarction (≥12% of total myocardial volume measured using CMR) with accuracies of 76.7% and 80%, respectively. However, GLS remained the only independent predictor in a multivariate logistic regression analysis to identify an infarct size ≥12%. CONCLUSION GLS is a good predictor of infarct size in NSTEMI, and it may serve as a tool in conjunction with risk stratification scores for the selection of high-risk NSTEMI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Loutfi
- Cardiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Sanaa Ashour
- Cardiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Eman El-Sharkawy
- Cardiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Sara El-Fawal
- Radiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Karim El-Touny
- Cardiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Goebel J, Nensa F, Bomas B, Schemuth HP, Maderwald S, Gratz M, Quick HH, Schlosser T, Nassenstein K. Real-time SPARSE-SENSE cardiac cine MR imaging: optimization of image reconstruction and sequence validation. Eur Radiol 2016; 26:4482-4489. [PMID: 26960537 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-016-4301-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2015] [Revised: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Improved real-time cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) sequences have currently been introduced, but so far only limited practical experience exists. This study aimed at image reconstruction optimization and clinical validation of a new highly accelerated real-time cine SPARSE-SENSE sequence. METHODS Left ventricular (LV) short-axis stacks of a real-time free-breathing SPARSE-SENSE sequence with high spatiotemporal resolution and of a standard segmented cine SSFP sequence were acquired at 1.5 T in 11 volunteers and 15 patients. To determine the optimal iterations, all volunteers' SPARSE-SENSE images were reconstructed using 10-200 iterations, and contrast ratios, image entropies, and reconstruction times were assessed. Subsequently, the patients' SPARSE-SENSE images were reconstructed with the clinically optimal iterations. LV volumetric values were evaluated and compared between both sequences. RESULTS Sufficient image quality and acceptable reconstruction times were achieved when using 80 iterations. Bland-Altman plots and Passing-Bablok regression showed good agreement for all volumetric parameters. CONCLUSIONS 80 iterations are recommended for iterative SPARSE-SENSE image reconstruction in clinical routine. Real-time cine SPARSE-SENSE yielded comparable volumetric results as the current standard SSFP sequence. Due to its intrinsic low image acquisition times, real-time cine SPARSE-SENSE imaging with iterative image reconstruction seems to be an attractive alternative for LV function analysis. KEY POINTS • A highly accelerated real-time CMR sequence using SPARSE-SENSE was evaluated. • SPARSE-SENSE allows free breathing in real-time cardiac cine imaging. • For clinically optimal SPARSE-SENSE image reconstruction, 80 iterations are recommended. • Real-time SPARSE-SENSE imaging yielded comparable volumetric results as the reference SSFP sequence. • The fast SPARSE-SENSE sequence is an attractive alternative to standard SSFP sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Goebel
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45122, Essen, Germany.
| | - Felix Nensa
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Bettina Bomas
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Haemi P Schemuth
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Stefan Maderwald
- Erwin L. Hahn Institute for Magnetic Resonance Imaging, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Marcel Gratz
- Erwin L. Hahn Institute for Magnetic Resonance Imaging, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,High Field and Hybrid MR Imaging, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Harald H Quick
- Erwin L. Hahn Institute for Magnetic Resonance Imaging, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,High Field and Hybrid MR Imaging, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Thomas Schlosser
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Kai Nassenstein
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45122, Essen, Germany
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Mitchell FM, Prasad SK, Greil GF, Drivas P, Vassiliou VS, Raphael CE. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance: Diagnostic utility and specific considerations in the pediatric population. World J Clin Pediatr 2016; 5:1-15. [PMID: 26862497 PMCID: PMC4737683 DOI: 10.5409/wjcp.v5.i1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Revised: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance is a non-invasive imaging modality which is emerging as important tool for the investigation and management of pediatric cardiovascular disease. In this review we describe the key technical and practical differences between scanning children and adults, and highlight some important considerations that must be taken into account for this patient population. Using case examples commonly seen in clinical practice, we discuss the important clinical applications of cardiovascular magnetic resonance, and briefly highlight key future developments in this field.
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Bano W, Feliciano H, Coristine AJ, Stuber M, van Heeswijk RB. On the accuracy and precision of cardiac magnetic resonance T 2 mapping: A high-resolution radial study using adiabatic T 2 preparation at 3 T. Magn Reson Med 2016; 77:159-169. [PMID: 26762815 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.26107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Revised: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The goal of this study was to characterize the accuracy and precision of cardiac T2 mapping as a function of different factors including low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), imaging in systole, and off-resonance frequencies. METHODS Bloch equation and Monte Carlo simulations were used to determine the influence of SNR and the choice of T2 preparation echo time (TET2prep ) increments on the accuracy and precision of high-resolution radial cardiac T2 mapping at 3.0 T. Healthy volunteers were scanned to establish the difference in precision and inter- and intraobserver variability between T2 mapping in diastole and systole, as well as the effect of SNR and off-resonance frequencies on the accuracy of T2 maps. RESULTS The simulations demonstrated that a TET2prep increment of ∼0.75 times the T2 value of interest optimally increases the precision of the T2 fit. Systolic T2 maps were found to have a higher precision (P = 0.002), but similar inter- and intraobserver variability compared with diastolic T2 maps, whereas off-resonance frequencies beyond ± 100 Hz cause a significant decrease in both accuracy and precision (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION This evaluation of the accuracy and precision of cardiac T2 mapping characterizes the major vulnerabilities of the technique and will help guide protocol definition of studies that include T2 mapping. Magn Reson Med 77:159-169, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wajiha Bano
- Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Department of Radiology, University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hélène Feliciano
- Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Department of Radiology, University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Andrew J Coristine
- Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Department of Radiology, University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Stuber
- Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Department of Radiology, University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ruud B van Heeswijk
- Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Department of Radiology, University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Tweet MS, Arruda-Olson AM, Anavekar NS, Pellikka PA. Stress echocardiography: what is new and how does it compare with myocardial perfusion imaging and other modalities? Curr Cardiol Rep 2016; 17:43. [PMID: 25911442 DOI: 10.1007/s11886-015-0600-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, and noninvasive strategies to diagnose and risk stratify patients remain paramount in the evaluative process. Stress echocardiography is a well-established, versatile, real-time imaging modality with advantages including lack of radiation exposure, portability, and affordability. Innovative techniques in stress echocardiography include myocardial contrast echocardiography, deformation imaging, three-dimensional (3D) echocardiography, and assessment of coronary flow reserve. Myocardial perfusion imaging with single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) or positron emission tomography (PET) are imaging alternatives, and stress cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and coronary computed tomography (CT) angiography, including CT perfusion imaging, are emerging as newer approaches. This review will discuss recent and upcoming developments in the field of stress testing, with an emphasis on stress echocardiography while highlighting comparisons with other modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marysia S Tweet
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA,
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