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Li F, Guo L, Zhou M, Han L, Wu S, Wu L, Yang J. Cryptochrome 2 Suppresses Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition by Promoting Trophoblastic Ferroptosis in Unexplained Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2024; 194:1197-1217. [PMID: 38537935 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2024.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion (URSA) is a serious reproductive issue that affects women of childbearing age. Studies have shown a close association between disrupted circadian rhythm and impaired epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in trophoblasts during URSA, although the underlying mechanism is not known. The current study investigated the regulatory relationship between circadian rhythm gene cryptochrome 2 (CRY2) and ferroptosis on the migratory ability of trophoblast cells. Cell proliferation experiments, wound-healing assays, and expression of related markers were conducted to study EMT. Trophoblastic ferroptosis was confirmed by the expressions of malondialdehyde, glutathione, mitochondrial membrane potential, divalent iron ions, and related genes. The results showed significant increased expression of CRY2 and decreased expression of brain and muscle aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator-like protein 1 (BMAL1) in the URSA villous tissues, accompanied by iron-dependent oxidative changes and abnormal expression of ferroptosis-related proteins. CRY2 and BMAL1 were co-localized and functioned as a feedback loop, which regulated the dynamic changes of EMT-related markers in trophoblast cells. CRY2 promoted trophoblastic ferroptosis, whereas BMAL1 had the opposite effect. Particularly, the ferroptosis inhibitor (ferrostatin-1) effectively reversed the trophoblastic ferroptosis and EMT inhibition caused by CRY2 overexpression. Collectively, these results suggest that CRY2 regulates trophoblastic ferroptosis and hinders cellular EMT and migratory ability by suppressing BMAL1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faminzi Li
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University and Hubei Clinical Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, China
| | - Liantao Guo
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengqi Zhou
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University and Hubei Clinical Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, China
| | - Lu Han
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University and Hubei Clinical Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, China
| | - Shujuan Wu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University and Hubei Clinical Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, China
| | - Lianzhi Wu
- Department of Obstetrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Jing Yang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University and Hubei Clinical Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, China.
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Okudaira N, Akimoto MH, Susa T, Akimoto M, Hisaki H, Iizuka M, Okinaga H, Almunia JA, Ogiso N, Okazaki T, Tamamori-Adachi M. Accumulation of senescent cells in the adrenal gland induces hypersecretion of corticosterone via IL1β secretion. Aging Cell 2024:e14206. [PMID: 38769821 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging progresses through the interaction of metabolic processes, including changes in the immune and endocrine systems. Glucocorticoids (GCs), which are regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, play an important role in regulating metabolism and immune responses. However, the age-related changes in the secretion mechanisms of GCs remain elusive. Here, we found that corticosterone (CORT) secretion follows a circadian rhythm in young mice, whereas it oversecreted throughout the day in aged mice >18 months old, resulting in the disappearance of diurnal variation. Furthermore, senescent cells progressively accumulated in the zF of the adrenal gland as mice aged beyond 18 months. This accumulation was accompanied by an increase in the number of Ad4BP/SF1 (SF1), a key transcription factor, strongly expressing cells (SF1-high positive: HP). Removal of senescent cells with senolytics, dasatinib, and quercetin resulted in the reduction of the number of SF1-HP cells and recovery of CORT diurnal oscillation in 24-month-old mice. Similarly, administration of a neutralizing antibody against IL1β, which was found to be strongly expressed in the adrenocortical cells of the zF, resulted in a marked decrease in SF1-HP cells and restoration of the CORT circadian rhythm. Our findings suggest that the disappearance of CORT diurnal oscillation is a characteristic of aging individuals and is caused by the secretion of IL1β, one of the SASPs, from senescent cells that accumulate in the zF of the adrenal cortex. These findings provide a novel insight into aging. Age-related hypersecretory GCs could be a potential therapeutic target for aging-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriyuki Okudaira
- Department of Biochemistry, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mi-Ho Akimoto
- Department of Biochemistry, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takao Susa
- Department of Biochemistry, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miho Akimoto
- Department of Biochemistry, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Harumi Hisaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Iizuka
- Department of Biochemistry, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Medical Education Centre, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroko Okinaga
- Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Julio A Almunia
- Department of Laboratory of Experimental Animals, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology (NCGG), Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Noboru Ogiso
- Department of Laboratory of Experimental Animals, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology (NCGG), Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Tomoki Okazaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Zhang Z, Cheng J, Yang L, Li X, Li Q. Period circadian regulator 2-mediated steroid hormone synthesis by regulating transcription of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein in porcine granulosa cells. J Anim Sci 2024; 102:skae185. [PMID: 38982717 PMCID: PMC11303873 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skae185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Steroidogenesis is associated with circadian clock genes. However, the regulation of steroid hormone production in sow granulosal cells by Per2, a crucial circadian regulator, remains unexplored. In this study, we have identified the presence of Per2 in ovarian granulosa cells and have observed its circadian expression pattern. Employing siRNA to interfere with Per2 expression, our investigation revealed that Per2 knockdown notably elevated progesterone (P4) levels along with increasing the expression of StAR but interference of Per2 did not alter the rhythm of clock-related gene (Bmal1, Clock, Per1, and Cry1) in granulosa cells. Subsequent mechanistic analysis showed that Per2 formed complexes with PPARγ and interference with Per2 promoted the formation of the PPARγ:RXRα heterodimer. Importantly, we uncovered that PPARγ:RXRα heterodimer could control the expression of StAR via direct peroxisome proliferator response element binding to its promoter to regulate its activity, and knockdown of Per2 promoted the transcription of StAR via increasing the binding of PPARγ:RXRα ligands. Altogether, these findings indicated a noncanonical role of Per2 in controlling PPARγ:RXRα binding to regulate transcription of StAR and progesterone synthesis, thus revealing potential avenues of pharmacological and therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zelin Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Jianyong Cheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Li Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Xiaoya Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Qingwang Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
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Chen R, Qin Y, Du J, Liu J, Dai S, Lei M, Zhu H. Circadian clock gene BMAL1 regulates STAR expression in goose ovarian preovulatory granulosa cells. Poult Sci 2023; 102:103159. [PMID: 37871489 PMCID: PMC10598734 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The ovarian circadian clock plays a regulatory role in the avian ovulation-oviposition cycle. However, little is known regarding the ovarian circadian clock of geese. In this study, we investigated rhythmic changes in clock genes over a 48-h period and identified potential clock-controlled genes involved in progesterone synthesis in goose ovarian preovulatory granulosa cells. The results showed that BMAL1, CRY1, and CRY2, as well as 4 genes (LHR, STAR, CYP11A1, and HSD3B) involved in progesterone synthesis exhibited rhythmic expression patterns in goose ovarian preovulatory granulosa cells over a 48-h period. Knockdown of BMAL1 decreased the progesterone concentration and downregulated STAR mRNA and protein levels in goose ovarian preovulatory granulosa cells. Overexpression of BMAL1 increased the progesterone concentration and upregulated the STAR mRNA level in goose ovarian preovulatory granulosa cells. Moreover, we demonstrated that the BMAL1/CLOCK complex activated the transcription of goose STAR gene by binding to an E-box motif. These results suggest that the circadian clock is involved in the regulation of progesterone synthesis in goose ovarian preovulatory granulosa cells by orchestrating the transcription of steroidogenesis-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Crop and Animal Integrated Farming, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, China; Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Yifei Qin
- Key Laboratory of Crop and Animal Integrated Farming, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, China; Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Du
- Animal Husbandry and Veterinary College, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Crop and Animal Integrated Farming, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, China; Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Shudi Dai
- Key Laboratory of Crop and Animal Integrated Farming, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, China; Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Mingming Lei
- Key Laboratory of Crop and Animal Integrated Farming, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, China; Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Huanxi Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Crop and Animal Integrated Farming, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, China; Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China.
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Li C, Yang D, Yang W, Wang Y, Li D, Li Y, Xiao B, Zhang H, Zhao H, Dong H, Zhang J, Chu G, Wang A, Jin Y, Liu Y, Chen H. Hypoxia activation attenuates progesterone synthesis in goat trophoblast cells via NR1D1 inhibition of StAR expression†. Biol Reprod 2023; 109:720-735. [PMID: 37552055 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioad094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Trophoblast plays a crucial role in gestation maintenance and embryo implantation, partly due to the synthesis of progesterone. It has been demonstrated that hypoxia regulates invasion, proliferation, and differentiation of trophoblast cells. Additionally, human trophoblasts display rhythmic expression of circadian clock genes. However, it remains unclear if the circadian clock system is present in goat trophoblast cells (GTCs), and its involvement in hypoxia regulation of steroid hormone synthesis remains elusive. In this study, immunofluorescence staining revealed that both BMAL1 and NR1D1 (two circadian clock components) were highly expressed in GTCs. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed that several circadian clock genes were rhythmically expressed in forskolin-synchronized GTCs. To mimic hypoxia, GTCs were treated with hypoxia-inducing reagents (CoCl2 or DMOG). Quantitative real-time PCR results demonstrated that hypoxia perturbed the mRNA expression of circadian clock genes and StAR. Notably, the increased expression of NR1D1 and the reduction of StAR expression in hypoxic GTCs were also detected by western blotting. In addition, progesterone secretion exhibited a notable decline in hypoxic GTCs. SR9009, an NR1D1 agonist, significantly decreased StAR expression at both the mRNA and protein levels and markedly inhibited progesterone secretion in GTCs. Moreover, SR8278, an NR1D1 antagonist, partially reversed the inhibitory effect of CoCl2 on mRNA and protein expression levels of StAR and progesterone synthesis in GTCs. Our results demonstrate that hypoxia reduces StAR expression via the activation of NR1D1 signaling in GTCs, thus inhibiting progesterone synthesis. These findings provide new insights into the NR1D1 regulation of progesterone synthesis in GTCs under hypoxic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Li
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dan Yang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wanghao Yang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yiqun Wang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yating Li
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bonan Xiao
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Haisen Zhang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hongcong Zhao
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hao Dong
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Guiyan Chu
- Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition & Muscle Development, Department of Animal Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Aihua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yaping Jin
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yingqiu Liu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huatao Chen
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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Ding M, Lu Y, Huang X, Xing C, Hou S, Wang D, Zhang Y, Wang W, Zhang C, Zhang M, Meng F, Liu K, Liu G, Zhao J, Song L. Acute hypoxia induced dysregulation of clock-controlled ovary functions. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1024038. [PMID: 36620217 PMCID: PMC9816144 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1024038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
High altitudes or exposure to hypoxia leads to female reproductive disorders. Circadian clocks are intrinsic time-tracking systems that enable organisms to adapt to the Earth's 24-h light/dark cycle, which can be entrained by other environmental stimuli to regulate physiological and pathological responses. In this study, we focused on whether ovarian circadian clock proteins were involved in regulating female reproductive dysfunction under hypoxic conditions. Hypobaric hypoxia was found to induce a significantly prolonged estrous cycle in female mice, accompanied by follicular atresia, pituitary/ovarian hormone synthesis disorder, and decreased LHCGR expression in the ovaries. Under the same conditions, the levels of the ovarian circadian clock proteins, CLOCK and BMAL1, were suppressed, whereas E4BP4 levels were upregulated. Results from granulosa cells (GCs) further demonstrated that CLOCK: BMAL1 and E4BP4 function as transcriptional activators and repressors of LHCGR in ovarian GCs, respectively, whose responses were mediated by HIF1ɑ-dependent (E4BP4 upregulation) and ɑ-independent (CLOCK and BMAL1 downregulation) manners. The LHCGR agonist was shown to efficiently recover the impairment of ovulation-related gene (EREG and PGR) expression in GCs induced by hypoxia. We conclude that hypoxia exposure causes dysregulation of ovarian circadian clock protein (CLOCK, BMAL1, and E4BP4) expression, which mediates female reproductive dysfunction by impairing LHCGR-dependent signaling events. Adjusting the timing system or recovering the LHCGR level in the ovaries may be helpful in overcoming female reproductive disorders occurring in the highlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengnan Ding
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yarong Lu
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,Henan University Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Xing
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shaojun Hou
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China,School of Pharmacy, Jiamus University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Dongxue Wang
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,School of Pharmacy, Jiamus University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,School of Pharmacy, Jiamus University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Chongchong Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,Henan University Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Kaifeng, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Fanfei Meng
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Liu
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guangchao Liu
- Henan University Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Kaifeng, China
| | - Jincheng Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Jiamus University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Lun Song
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China,School of Pharmacy, Jiamus University, Jiamusi, China,College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China,*Correspondence: Lun Song,
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7
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Moeller JS, Bever SR, Finn SL, Phumsatitpong C, Browne MF, Kriegsfeld LJ. Circadian Regulation of Hormonal Timing and the Pathophysiology of Circadian Dysregulation. Compr Physiol 2022; 12:4185-4214. [PMID: 36073751 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c220018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Circadian rhythms are endogenously generated, daily patterns of behavior and physiology that are essential for optimal health and disease prevention. Disruptions to circadian timing are associated with a host of maladies, including metabolic disease and obesity, diabetes, heart disease, cancer, and mental health disturbances. The circadian timing system is hierarchically organized, with a master circadian clock located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the anterior hypothalamus and subordinate clocks throughout the CNS and periphery. The SCN receives light information via a direct retinal pathway, synchronizing the master clock to environmental time. At the cellular level, circadian rhythms are ubiquitous, with rhythms generated by interlocking, autoregulatory transcription-translation feedback loops. At the level of the SCN, tight cellular coupling maintains rhythms even in the absence of environmental input. The SCN, in turn, communicates timing information via the autonomic nervous system and hormonal signaling. This signaling couples individual cellular oscillators at the tissue level in extra-SCN brain loci and the periphery and synchronizes subordinate clocks to external time. In the modern world, circadian disruption is widespread due to limited exposure to sunlight during the day, exposure to artificial light at night, and widespread use of light-emitting electronic devices, likely contributing to an increase in the prevalence, and the progression, of a host of disease states. The present overview focuses on the circadian control of endocrine secretions, the significance of rhythms within key endocrine axes for typical, homeostatic functioning, and implications for health and disease when dysregulated. © 2022 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 12: 1-30, 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob S Moeller
- Graduate Group in Endocrinology, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Savannah R Bever
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Samantha L Finn
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | | | - Madison F Browne
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Lance J Kriegsfeld
- Graduate Group in Endocrinology, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA.,Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA.,Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA.,The Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
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8
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Johnson BS, Krishna MB, Padmanabhan RA, Pillai SM, Jayakrishnan K, Laloraya M. Derailed peripheral circadian genes in polycystic ovary syndrome patients alters peripheral conversion of androgens synthesis. Hum Reprod 2022; 37:1835-1855. [PMID: 35728080 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deac139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Do circadian genes exhibit an altered profile in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients and do they have a potential role in androgen excess? SUMMARY ANSWER Our findings revealed that an impaired circadian clock could hamper the regulation of peripheral steroid metabolism in PCOS women. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY PCOS patients exhibit features of metabolic syndrome. Circadian rhythm disruption is involved in the development of metabolic diseases and subfertility. An association between shift work and the incidence of PCOS in females was recently reported. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION This is a retrospective case-referent study in which peripheral blood samples were obtained from 101 control and 101 PCOS subjects. PCOS diagnoses were based on Rotterdam Consensus criteria. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS This study comprised 101 women with PCOS and 101 control volunteers, as well as Swiss albino mice treated with dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) to induce PCOS development. Gene expression analyses of circadian and steroidogenesis genes in human PBMC and mice ovaries and blood were executed by quantitative real-time PCR. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE We observed aberrant expression of peripheral circadian clock genes in PCOS, with a significant reduction in the core clock genes, circadian locomotor output cycles kaput (CLOCK) (P ≤ 0.00001), brain and muscle ARNT-like 1 (BMAL1) (P ≤ 0.00001) and NPAS2 (P ≤ 0.001), and upregulation of their negative feedback loop genes, CRY1 (P ≤ 0.00003), CRY2 (P ≤ 0.00006), PER1 (P ≤ 0.003), PER2 (P ≤ 0.002), DEC1 (P ≤ 0.0001) and DEC2 (P ≤ 0.00005). Transcript levels of an additional feedback loop regulating BMAL1 showed varied expression, with reduced RORA (P ≤ 0.008) and increased NR1D1 (P ≤ 0.02) in PCOS patients in comparison with the control group. We also demonstrated the expression pattern of clock genes in PBMCs of PCOS women at three different time points. PCOS patients also exhibited increased mRNA levels of steroidogenic enzymes like StAR (P ≤ 0.0005), CYP17A1 (P ≤ 0.005), SRD5A1 (P ≤ 0.00006) and SRD5A2 (P ≤ 0.009). Knockdown of CLOCK/BMAL1 in PBMCs resulted in a significant reduction in estradiol production, by reducing CYP19A1 and a significant increase in dihydrotestosterone production, by upregulating SRD5A1 and SRD5A2 in PBMCs. Our data also showed that CYP17A1 as a direct CLOCK-BMAL1 target in PBMCs. Phenotypic classification of PCOS subgroups showed a higher variation in expression of clock genes and steroidogenesis genes with phenotype A of PCOS. In alignment with the above results, altered expression of ovarian core clock genes (Clock, Bmal1 and Per2) was found in DHEA-treated PCOS mice. The expression of peripheral blood core clock genes in DHEA-induced PCOS mice was less robust and showed a loss of periodicity in comparison with that of control mice. LARGE SCALE DATA N/A. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION We could not evaluate the circadian oscillation of clock genes and clock-controlled genes over a 24-h period in the peripheral blood of control versus PCOS subjects. Additionally, circadian genes in the ovaries of PCOS women could not be evaluated due to limitations in sample availability, hence we employed the androgen excess mouse model of PCOS for ovarian circadian assessment. Clock genes were assessed in the whole ovary of the androgen excess mouse model of PCOS rather than in granulosa cells, which is another limitation of the present work. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Our observations suggest that the biological clock is one of the contributing factors in androgen excess in PCOS, owing to its potential role in modulating peripheral androgen metabolism. Considering the increasing prevalence of PCOS and the rising frequency of delayed circadian rhythms and insufficient sleep among women, our study emphasizes the potential in modulating circadian rhythm as an important strategy in PCOS management, and further research on this aspect is highly warranted. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This work was supported by the RGCB-DBT Core Funds and a grant (#BT/PR29996/MED/97/472/2020) from the Department of Biotechnology (DBT), India, to M.L. B.S.J. was supported by a DST/INSPIRE Fellowship/2015/IF150361 and M.B.K. was supported by the Research Fellowship from Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR) (10.2(5)/2007(ii).E.U.II). The authors declare no competing interests. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betcy Susan Johnson
- Female Reproduction and Metabolic Syndromes Laboratory, Division of Molecular Reproduction, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.,Research Scholar, Research Centre, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Meera B Krishna
- Female Reproduction and Metabolic Syndromes Laboratory, Division of Molecular Reproduction, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Renjini A Padmanabhan
- Female Reproduction and Metabolic Syndromes Laboratory, Division of Molecular Reproduction, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | | | - K Jayakrishnan
- KJK Hospital and Fertility Research Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Malini Laloraya
- Female Reproduction and Metabolic Syndromes Laboratory, Division of Molecular Reproduction, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
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9
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Yao Y, Silver R. Mutual Shaping of Circadian Body-Wide Synchronization by the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus and Circulating Steroids. Front Behav Neurosci 2022; 16:877256. [PMID: 35722187 PMCID: PMC9200072 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2022.877256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Steroids are lipid hormones that reach bodily tissues through the systemic circulation, and play a major role in reproduction, metabolism, and homeostasis. All of these functions and steroids themselves are under the regulation of the circadian timing system (CTS) and its cellular/molecular underpinnings. In health, cells throughout the body coordinate their daily activities to optimize responses to signals from the CTS and steroids. Misalignment of responses to these signals produces dysfunction and underlies many pathologies. Questions Addressed To explore relationships between the CTS and circulating steroids, we examine the brain clock located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), the daily fluctuations in plasma steroids, the mechanisms producing regularly recurring fluctuations, and the actions of steroids on their receptors within the SCN. The goal is to understand the relationship between temporal control of steroid secretion and how rhythmic changes in steroids impact the SCN, which in turn modulate behavior and physiology. Evidence Surveyed The CTS is a multi-level organization producing recurrent feedback loops that operate on several time scales. We review the evidence showing that the CTS modulates the timing of secretions from the level of the hypothalamus to the steroidogenic gonadal and adrenal glands, and at specific sites within steroidogenic pathways. The SCN determines the timing of steroid hormones that then act on their cognate receptors within the brain clock. In addition, some compartments of the body-wide CTS are impacted by signals derived from food, stress, exercise etc. These in turn act on steroidogenesis to either align or misalign CTS oscillators. Finally this review provides a comprehensive exploration of the broad contribution of steroid receptors in the SCN and how these receptors in turn impact peripheral responses. Conclusion The hypothesis emerging from the recognition of steroid receptors in the SCN is that mutual shaping of responses occurs between the brain clock and fluctuating plasma steroid levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Yao
- Department of Psychology, Columbia University, New York City, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: Yifan Yao,
| | - Rae Silver
- Department of Psychology, Columbia University, New York City, NY, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, Barnard College, New York City, NY, United States
- Department of Psychology, Barnard College, New York City, NY, United States
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Graduate School, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York City, NY, United States
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10
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Jiang Y, Li S, Xu W, Ying J, Qu Y, Jiang X, Zhang A, Yue Y, Zhou R, Ruan T, Li J, Mu D. Critical Roles of the Circadian Transcription Factor BMAL1 in Reproductive Endocrinology and Fertility. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:818272. [PMID: 35311235 PMCID: PMC8924658 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.818272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain and muscle aryl-hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator like protein1 (BMAL1), a core component of circadian oscillation, is involved in many physiological activities. Increasing evidence has demonstrated the essential role of BMAL1 in reproductive physiology. For instance, BMAL1-knockout (KO) mice were infertile, with impaired reproductive organs and gametes. Additionally, in BMAL1-KO mice, hormone secretion and signaling of hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal (H-P-G) hormones were also disrupted, indicating that H-P-G axis was impaired in BMAL1-KO mice. Moreover, both BMAL1-KO mice and BMAL1-knockdown by small interfering RNA (siRNA) in vitro cultured steroidogenic cells showed that BMAL1 was associated with gonadal steroidogenesis and expression of related genes. Importantly, BMAL1 also participates in pathogenesis of human reproductive diseases. In this review, we elaborate on the impaired reproduction of BMAL1-KO mice including the reproductive organs, reproductive endocrine hormones, and reproductive processes, highlighting the vital role of BMAL1 in fertility and reproductive endocrinology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shiping Li
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenming Xu
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Reproductive Endocrinology and Regulation Laboratory, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Junjie Ying
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Qu
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaohui Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Andrology/Sichuan Human Sperm Bank, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ayuan Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Yue
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruixi Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tiechao Ruan
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinhui Li
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Jinhui Li, ; Dezhi Mu,
| | - Dezhi Mu
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Jinhui Li, ; Dezhi Mu,
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11
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Yin W, Zhang J, Guo Y, Wu Z, Diao C, Sun J. Melatonin for premenstrual syndrome: A potential remedy but not ready. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1084249. [PMID: 36699021 PMCID: PMC9868742 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1084249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Premenstrual syndrome (PMS), a recurrent and moderate disorder that occurs during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle and quickly resolves after menstruation, is characterized by somatic and emotional discomfort that can be severe enough to impair daily activities. Current therapeutic drugs for PMS such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are not very satisfying. As a critical pineal hormone, melatonin has increasingly been suggested to modulate PMS symptoms. In this review, we update the latest progress on PMS-induced sleep disturbance, mood changes, and cognitive impairment and provide possible pathways by which melatonin attenuates these symptoms. Moreover, we focus on the role of melatonin in PMS molecular mechanisms. Herein, we show that melatonin can regulate ovarian estrogen and progesterone, of which cyclic fluctuations contribute to PMS pathogenesis. Melatonin also modulates gamma-aminobutyric acid and the brain-derived neurotrophic factor system in PMS. Interpreting the role of melatonin in PMS is not only informative to clarify PMS etiology but also instructive to melatonin and its receptor agonist application to promote female health. As a safe interaction, melatonin treatment can be effective in alleviating symptoms of PMS. However, symptoms such as sleep disturbance, depressive mood, cognitive impairment are not specific and can be easily misdiagnosed. Connections between melatonin receptor, ovarian steroid dysfunction, and PMS are not consistent among past studies. Before final conclusions are drawn, more well-organized and rigorous studies are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yin
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Laizhou City People’s Hospital, Laizhou, Shandong, China
| | - Yao Guo
- Department of Psychiatry, Shandong Provincial Mental Health Center, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhibing Wu
- Department of Anatomy, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China
| | - Can Diao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jinhao Sun
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- *Correspondence: Jinhao Sun,
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12
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Chen WH, Huang QY, Wang ZY, Zhuang XX, Lin S, Shi QY. Therapeutic potential of exosomes/miRNAs in polycystic ovary syndrome induced by the alteration of circadian rhythms. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:918805. [PMID: 36465652 PMCID: PMC9709483 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.918805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a reproductive dysfunction associated with endocrine disorders and is most common in women of reproductive age. Clinical and/or biochemical manifestations include hyperandrogenism, persistent anovulation, polycystic ovary, insulin resistance, and obesity. Presently, the aetiology and pathogenesis of PCOS remain unclear. In recent years, the role of circadian rhythm changes in PCOS has garnered considerable attention. Changes in circadian rhythm can trigger PCOS through mechanisms such as oxidative stress and inflammation; however, the specific mechanisms are unclear. Exosomes are vesicles with sizes ranging from 30-120nm that mediate intercellular communication by transporting microRNAs (miRNAs), proteins, mRNAs, DNA, or lipids to target cells and are widely involved in the regulation of various physiological and pathological processes. Circadian rhythm can alter circulating exosomes, leading to a series of related changes and physiological dysfunctions. Therefore, we speculate that circadian rhythm-induced changes in circulating exosomes may be involved in PCOS pathogenesis. In this review, we summarize the possible roles of exosomes and their derived microRNAs in the occurrence and development of PCOS and discuss their possible mechanisms, providing insights into the potential role of exosomes for PCOS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-hong Chen
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Qiao-yi Huang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Zhi-yi Wang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xuan-xuan Zhuang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Shu Lin
- Centre of Neurological and Metabolic Research, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
- Group of Neuroendocrinology, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- *Correspondence: Qi-yang Shi, ; Shu Lin,
| | - Qi-yang Shi
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
- *Correspondence: Qi-yang Shi, ; Shu Lin,
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13
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Zhang J, Zhao L, Li Y, Dong H, Zhang H, Zhang Y, Ma T, Yang L, Gao D, Wang X, Jiang H, Li C, Wang A, Jin Y, Chen H. Circadian clock regulates granulosa cell autophagy through NR1D1-mediated inhibition of ATG5. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2021; 322:C231-C245. [PMID: 34936504 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00267.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy of granulosa cells (GCs) is involved in follicular atresia, which occurs repeatedly during the ovarian development cycle. Several circadian clock genes are rhythmically expressed in both rodent ovarian tissues and GCs. Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group D member 1 (NR1D1), an important component of the circadian clock system, is involved in the autophagy process through the regulation of autophagy-related genes. However, there are no reports illustrating the role of the circadian clock system in mouse GC autophagy. In the present study, we found that core circadian clock genes (Bmal1, Per2, Nr1d1, and Dbp) and an autophagy-related gene (Atg5) exhibited rhythmic expression patterns across 24 h in mouse ovaries and primary GCs. Treatment with SR9009, an agonist of NR1D1, significantly reduced the expression of Bmal1, Per2, and Dbp in mouse GCs. ATG5 expression was significantly attenuated by SR9009 treatment in mouse GCs. Conversely, Nr1d1 knockdown increased ATG5 expression in mouse GCs. Decreased NR1D1 expression at both the mRNA and protein levels was detected in the ovaries of Bmal1-/- mice, along with elevated expression of ATG5. Dual-luciferase reporter assay and electrophoretic mobility shift assay showed that NR1D1 inhibited Atg5 transcription by binding to two putative retinoic acid-related orphan receptor response elements within the promoter. In addition, rapamycin-induced autophagy and ATG5 expression were partially reversed by SR9009 treatment in mouse GCs. Taken together, our current data demonstrated that the circadian clock regulates GC autophagy through NR1D1-mediated inhibition of ATG5 expression, and thus, plays a role in maintaining autophagy homeostasis in GCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lijia Zhao
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yating Li
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hao Dong
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Haisen Zhang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tiantian Ma
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Luda Yang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dengke Gao
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Haizhen Jiang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Aihua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yaping Jin
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huatao Chen
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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14
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Wang L, Li J, Zhang L, Shi S, Zhou X, Hu Y, Gao L, Yang G, Pang W, Chen H, Zhao L, Chu G, Cai C. NR1D1 targeting CYP19A1 inhibits estrogen synthesis in ovarian granulosa cells. Theriogenology 2021; 180:17-29. [PMID: 34933195 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The circadian system performs an important role in mammalian reproduction with significant effects on hormone secretion. Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group D member 1 (NR1D1) functions as a transcriptional repressor in the circadian system and affects granulosa cells (GCs), but how it regulates estrogen synthesis has not been clarified. We investigated the effect of NR1D1 on estrogen synthesis and found that NR1D1 was highly expressed in GCs, mainly in cell nuclei. Additionally, the expression of NR1D1 and estrogen synthesis key genes CYP19A1, CYP11A1 and StAR showed rhythmic changes in porcine ovarian GCs. Activation of NR1D1 enhances its ability to inhibit the transcriptional activity of CYP19A1 by binding to the RORE on the CYP19A1 promoter, resulting in a decrease in estradiol content. Interference with NR1D1 can eliminate the transcriptional inhibition of CYP19A1 and promote the synthesis of estradiol. The results suggest that the hormone secretion of the ovary itself is also regulated by the biological clock, and any factors that affect the circadian rhythm can affect the endocrine and reproductive performance of sows, so the natural rhythm of sows should be maintained in production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liguang Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F Univeristy, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F Univeristy, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lutong Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F Univeristy, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shengjie Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F Univeristy, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoge Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F Univeristy, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yamei Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F Univeristy, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lei Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F Univeristy, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Gongshe Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F Univeristy, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Weijun Pang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F Univeristy, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huatao Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F Univeristy, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lijia Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F Univeristy, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Guiyan Chu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F Univeristy, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chuanjiang Cai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F Univeristy, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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15
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Zheng JL, Peng LB, Xia LP, Li J, Zhu QL. Effects of continuous and intermittent cadmium exposure on HPGL axis, GH/IGF axis and circadian rhythm signaling and their consequences on reproduction in female zebrafish: Biomarkers independent of exposure regimes. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 282:130879. [PMID: 34087554 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Typical biomarkers of cadmium (Cd) pollution have well been confirmed in fish from continuous exposure pattern. However, in a natural environment, fish may be exposed to Cd intermittently. In this study, juvenile female zebrafish were exposed for 48 days to 10 μg/L Cd continuously, 20 μg/L for 1 day in every 2 days or 30 μg/L for 1 day in every 3 days. The toxic effects were evaluated using 8 various physiological and biochemical endpoints like specific growth rate (SGR), 17β-estradiol (E2) and vitellogenin (VTG) concentrations in plasma, reproductive parameters (gonadosomatic index (GSI), egg-laying amount, spawning percentage, and hatching and mortality rate of embryos). Transcription of 59 genes related to hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal-liver (HPGL) axis, circadian rhythm signaling and insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system was examined. SGR, spawning percentage, E2 and VTG levels declined in fish exposed to 10 and 20 μg/L Cd but remained relatively stable in fish exposed to 30 μg/L Cd. Exposure to 10, 20 and 30 μg/L Cd significantly reduced GSI, hatching rate and mortality rate. Similarly, mRNA expression of 27 genes were sensitive to both continuous and intermittent Cd exposure. Among these genes, expression levels of 10 genes had more than 5-fold increase or decrease, including mRNA levels of vtg1, vtg2, vtg3, esr1, igf2a, igf2b, igfbp5b, nr1d1, gnrh3 and gnrhr4. The most sensitive molecular biomarker was vtg3 expression with 1500-3100 fold increase in the liver. The present study, for the first time, provides effective candidate biomarkers for Cd, which are independent of exposure regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Lang Zheng
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316022, PR China.
| | - Li-Bin Peng
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316022, PR China
| | - Li-Ping Xia
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316022, PR China
| | - Jiji Li
- College of Marine Science and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316022, PR China
| | - Qing-Ling Zhu
- College of Marine Science and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316022, PR China.
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16
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Shao S, Zhao H, Lu Z, Lei X, Zhang Y. Circadian Rhythms Within the Female HPG Axis: From Physiology to Etiology. Endocrinology 2021; 162:6298422. [PMID: 34125877 PMCID: PMC8256628 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqab117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Declining female fertility has become a global health concern. It results partially from an abnormal circadian clock caused by unhealthy diet and sleep habits in modern life. The circadian clock system is a hierarchical network consisting of central and peripheral clocks. It not only controls the sleep-wake and feeding-fasting cycles but also coordinates and maintains the required reproductive activities in the body. Physiologically, the reproductive processes are governed by the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis in a time-dependent manner. The HPG axis releases hormones, generates female characteristics, and achieves fertility. Conversely, an abnormal daily rhythm caused by aberrant clock genes or abnormal environmental stimuli contributes to disorders of the female reproductive system, such as polycystic ovarian syndrome and premature ovarian insufficiency. Therefore, breaking the "time code" of the female reproductive system is crucial. In this paper, we review the interplay between circadian clocks and the female reproductive system and present its regulatory principles, moving from normal physiology regulation to disease etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyi Shao
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China
- The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Huanqiang Zhao
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China
- The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Zhiying Lu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China
- The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Xiaohong Lei
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China
- The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China
- The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China
- Correspondence: Dr. Ying Zhang, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Fangxie Road 419, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, China.
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17
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Zhao L, Yang L, Zhang J, Xiao Y, Wu M, Ma T, Wang X, Zhang L, Jiang H, Chao HW, Wang A, Jin Y, Chen H. Bmal1 promotes prostaglandin E 2 synthesis by upregulating Ptgs2 transcription in response to increasing estradiol levels in day 4 pregnant mice. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2021; 320:E747-E759. [PMID: 33554778 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00466.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 (PTGS2) is a rate-limiting enzyme in prostaglandin synthesis. The present study assessed the role of the uterine circadian clock on Ptgs2 transcription in response to steroid hormones during early pregnancy. We demonstrated that the core clock genes (Bmal1, Per2, Nr1d1, and Dbp), Vegf, and Ptgs2, and their encoded proteins, have rhythmic expression in the mouse uterus from days 3.5 to 4.5 (D3.5-4.5) of pregnancy. Progesterone (P4) treatment of cultured uterus endometrial stromal cells (UESCs) isolated from mPer2Luciferase reporter gene knock-in mice on D4 induced a phase shift in PER2::LUCIFERASE oscillations. This P4-induced phase shift of PER2::LUCIFERASE oscillations was significantly attenuated by the P4 antagonist RU486. Additionally, the amplitude of PER2::LUCIFERASE oscillations was increased by estradiol (E2) treatment in the presence of P4. Consistently, the mRNA levels of clock genes (Bmal1 and Per2), Vegf, and Ptgs2 were markedly increased by E2 treatment of UESCs in the presence of P4. Treatment with E2 also promoted prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) synthesis by UESCs. Depletion of Bmal1 in UESCs by small-interfering RNA (siRNA) decreased the transcript levels of clock genes (Nr1d1 and Dbp), Vegf, and Ptgs2 compared with nonsilencing siRNA treatment. Bmal1 knockdown also inhibited PGE2 synthesis. Moreover, the mRNA expression levels of clock genes (Nr1d1 and Dbp), Vegf, and Ptgs2, and their respective proteins were significantly decreased in the uterus of Bmal1-/- mice. Thus, these data suggest that Bmal1 in mice promotes PGE2 synthesis by upregulating Ptgs2 in response to increases in E2 on D4 of pregnancy.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Rhythmic expression of Bmal1 and Ptgs2 was observed in the uterus isolated from D3.5-4.5 of pregnant mice. E2 increased the expression of Bmal1 and Ptg2 in UESCs isolated from mice on D4. The expression of Ptgs2 was significantly decreased in Bmal1-siRNA treated UESCs. Bmal1 knockdown also inhibited PGE2 synthesis. Thus, these data suggest that Bmal1 in mice promotes PGE2 synthesis by upregulating Ptgs2 in response to increases in E2 on D4 of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijia Zhao
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Luda Yang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yaoyao Xiao
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Meina Wu
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Department of Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Tiantian Ma
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Linlin Zhang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Haizhen Jiang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Hsu-Wen Chao
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Aihua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yaping Jin
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Huatao Chen
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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18
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Xiao Y, Zhao L, Li W, Wang X, Ma T, Yang L, Gao L, Li C, Zhang M, Yang D, Zhang J, Jiang H, Zhao H, Wang Y, Chao HW, Wang A, Jin Y, Chen H. Circadian clock gene BMAL1 controls testosterone production by regulating steroidogenesis-related gene transcription in goat Leydig cells. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:6706-6725. [PMID: 33598947 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Testosterone is produced by Leydig cells (LCs) and undergoes diurnal changes in serum levels in rats, mice, and humans, but little is known in goats. The present study revealed that goat serum testosterone levels displayed diurnal rhythmic changes (peak time at ZT11.2). Immunohistochemical staining showed that BMAL1, a circadian clock protein, is highly expressed in goat LCs. ELISA revealed that both hCG (0-5 IU/ml) and 22R-OH-cholesterol (0-30 μM) addition stimulated testosterone synthesis in primary goat LCs in a dose-dependent manner. Treating goat LCs with hCG (5 IU/ml) significantly increased intracellular cAMP levels. Additionally, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis revealed that the circadian clock (BMAL1, PER1, PER2, DBP, and NR1D1) and steroidogenesis-related genes (SF1, NUR77, StAR, HSD3B2, CYP17A1, CYP11A1, and HSD17B3) showed rhythmic expression patterns in goat LCs following dexamethasone synchronization. Several Bmal1-Luc circadian oscillations were clearly observed in dexamethasone-treated goat LCs transfected with the pLV6-Bmal1-Luc plasmid. BMAL1 knockdown significantly downregulated mRNA levels of PER2, NR1D1, DBP, StAR, HSD3B2, SF1, NUR77, and GATA4, and dramatically decreased StAR and HSD3B2 protein levels and testosterone production. In contrast, BMAL1 overexpression significantly increased the mRNA and protein expression levels of StAR and HSD17B3 and enhanced testosterone production. Reporter assays revealed that goat BMAL1, or in combination with mouse CLOCK, activated goat HSD17B3 transcription in vitro. These data indicate that BMAL1 contributes to testosterone production by regulating transcription of steroidogenesis-related genes in goat LCs, providing a basis for further exploring the underlying mechanism by which the circadian clock regulates ruminant reproductive capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyao Xiao
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lijia Zhao
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Weidong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tiantian Ma
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Luda Yang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lei Gao
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Cuimei Li
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Manhui Zhang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dan Yang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Haizhen Jiang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hongcong Zhao
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yiqun Wang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hsu-Wen Chao
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Aihua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yaping Jin
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huatao Chen
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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19
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Li C, Zhang L, Ma T, Gao L, Yang L, Wu M, Pang Z, Wang X, Yao Q, Xiao Y, Zhao L, Liu W, Zhao H, Wang C, Wang A, Jin Y, Chen H. Bisphenol A attenuates testosterone production in Leydig cells via the inhibition of NR1D1 signaling. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 263:128020. [PMID: 33297044 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine-disrupting compound that impairs testosterone synthesis in male mammals. A circadian clock gene deficiency leads to diminished fertility and even infertility in male mice. However, whether circadian clock signaling pathways mediate the suppressive effect of BPA on testosterone synthesis in Leydig cells (LCs) remains unknown. The present study aims to detect the effect of BPA on cellular circadian clock and testosterone synthesis in mouse LCs, and examine the mechanisms underlying NR1D1 signaling. BPA treatment significantly attenuated the transcription levels of Nr1d1 and steroidogenic genes (Hsd3b2 and Hsd17b3) in TM3 cells, but increased other circadian clock gene levels (Per2 and Dbp). BPA treatment also significantly downregulated NR1D1 and StAR protein expression, but upregulated BMAL1 protein expression in TM3 cells. Furthermore, there was a marked decline in testosterone production in BPA-treated TM3 cells. Intraperitoneal injection of BPA profoundly reduced NR1D1 and StAR protein levels and steroidogenic gene transcription levels (Cyp11a1, Hsd3b2, and Hsd17b3), while enhancing BMAL1 protein and other circadian clock gene (Per2 and Dbp) levels in mouse testes. Notably, serum testosterone levels were also drastically reduced in BPA-treated mice. Moreover, SR9009, an NR1D1 agonist, augmented testosterone production in TM3 cells via elevated expression of steroidogenic genes (StAR, Cyp11a1 and Hsd17b3). Conversely, Nr1d1 knockdown inhibited testosterone accumulation and attenuated steroidogenic gene expression. Moreover, treatment with SR9009 partially reversed the BPA effect on the circadian clock and testosterone production. Taken together, our study demonstrates that BPA perturbs testosterone production, at least partially, via inhibiting NR1D1 signaling in LCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuimei Li
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Linlin Zhang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tiantian Ma
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lei Gao
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Luda Yang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Meina Wu
- Department of Physiology, Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zhaoxia Pang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qiyang Yao
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yaoyao Xiao
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lijia Zhao
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hongcong Zhao
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Caixia Wang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Aihua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China; Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yaping Jin
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Huatao Chen
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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20
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Yaw AM, McLane-Svoboda AK, Hoffmann HM. Shiftwork and Light at Night Negatively Impact Molecular and Endocrine Timekeeping in the Female Reproductive Axis in Humans and Rodents. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:E324. [PMID: 33396885 PMCID: PMC7795361 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Shiftwork, including work that takes place at night (nightshift) and/or rotates between day and nightshifts, plays an important role in our society, but is associated with decreased health, including reproductive dysfunction. One key factor in shiftwork, exposure to light at night, has been identified as a likely contributor to the underlying health risks associated with shiftwork. Light at night disrupts the behavioral and molecular circadian timekeeping system, which is important for coordinated timing of physiological processes, causing mistimed hormone release and impaired physiological functions. This review focuses on the impact of shiftwork on reproductive function and pregnancy in women and laboratory rodents and potential underlying molecular mechanisms. We summarize the negative impact of shiftwork on female fertility and compare these findings to studies in rodent models of light shifts. Light-shift rodent models recapitulate several aspects of reproductive dysfunction found in shift workers, and their comparison with human studies can enable a deeper understanding of physiological and hormonal responses to light shifts and the underlying molecular mechanisms that may lead to reproductive disruption in human shift workers. The contributions of human and rodent studies are essential to identify the origins of impaired fertility in women employed in shiftwork.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hanne M. Hoffmann
- Department of Animal Science and the Reproductive and Developmental Science Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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21
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Wang Y, Chen M, Xu J, Liu X, Duan Y, Zhou C, Xu Y. Core clock gene Bmal1 deprivation impairs steroidogenesis in mice luteinized follicle cells. Reproduction 2020; 160:955-967. [PMID: 33112769 PMCID: PMC7707808 DOI: 10.1530/rep-20-0340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Luteinization is the event of corpus luteum formation, a way of follicle cells transformation and a process of steroidogenesis alteration. As the core clock gene, Bmal1 was involved in the regulation of ovulation process and luteal function afterwards. Till now, the underlying roles of luteinization played by Bmal1 remain unknown. To explore the unique role of Bmal1 in luteal steroidogenesis and its underlying pathway, we investigated the luteal hormone synthesis profile in Bmal1 knockout female mice. We found that luteal hormone synthesis was notably impaired, and phosphorylation of PI3K/NfκB pathway was significantly activated. Then, the results were verified in in vitro cultured cells, including isolated Bmal1 interference granulosa cells (GCs) and theca cells (TCs), respectively. Hormones levels of supernatant culture media and mRNA expressions of steroidogenesis-associated genes (star, Hsd3β2, cyp19a1 in GCs, Lhcgr, star, Hsd3β2, cyp17a1 in TCs) were mutually decreased, while the phosphorylation of PI3K/NfκB was promoted during in vitro luteinization. After PI3K specific-inhibitor LY294002 intervention, mRNA expressions of Lhcgr and Hsd3β2 were partially rescued in Bmal1 interference TCs, together with significantly increased androstenedione and T synthesis. Further exploration in TCs demonstrated BMAL1 interacted directly but negatively with NfκB p65 (RelA), a subunit which was supposed as a mediator in Bmal1-governed PI3K signaling regulation. Taken together, we verified the novel role of Bmal1 in luteal steroidogenesis, achieving by negative interplay with RelA-mediated PI3K/NfκB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizi Wang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minghui Chen
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, Guangzhou, China
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinyan Liu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuwei Duan
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Canquan Zhou
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanwen Xu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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22
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Jiang Z, Zou K, Liu X, Gu H, Meng Y, Lin J, Shi W, Yu C, Jin L, Wang L, Liu X, Sheng J, Huang H, Ding G. Aging attenuates the ovarian circadian rhythm. J Assist Reprod Genet 2020; 38:33-40. [PMID: 32926298 PMCID: PMC7822988 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-020-01943-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To study the effect of aging on ovarian circadian rhythm. Design Human and animal study. Setting University hospital and research laboratory. Patients/animals Human granulosa cells were obtained by follicular aspiration from women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF), and ovarian and liver tissues were obtained from female C57BL/6 mice. Intervention(s) None. Main outcome measure(s) Expression of circadian genes in young and older human granulosa cells and circadian rhythm in ovaries and livers of young and older mice. Result(s) All examined circadian clock genes in human granulosa cells showed a downward trend in expression with aging, and their mRNA expression levels were negatively correlated with age (P < 0.05). Older patients (≥ 40 years of age) had significantly reduced serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels. Except for Rev-erbα, all other examined circadian clock genes were positively correlated with the level of AMH (P < 0.05). The circadian rhythm in the ovaries of older mice (8 months) was changed significantly relative to that in ovaries of young mice (12 weeks), although the circadian rhythm in the livers of older mice was basically consistent with that of young mice. Conclusion(s) Lower ovarian reserve in older women is partially due to ovarian circadian dysrhythmia as a result of aging. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s10815-020-01943-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziru Jiang
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 910 Hengshan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Kexin Zou
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 910 Hengshan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Xia Liu
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 910 Hengshan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Hangchao Gu
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 910 Hengshan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Yicong Meng
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 910 Hengshan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Lin
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 910 Hengshan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Weihui Shi
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 910 Hengshan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuanjin Yu
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 910 Hengshan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Jin
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 910 Hengshan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Wang
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 910 Hengshan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinmei Liu
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 910 Hengshan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianzhong Sheng
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hefeng Huang
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 910 Hengshan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China.
| | - Guolian Ding
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 910 Hengshan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China.
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Ding H, Zhao J, Liu H, Wang J, Lu W. BMAL1 knockdown promoted apoptosis and reduced testosterone secretion in TM3 Leydig cell line. Gene 2020; 747:144672. [PMID: 32305634 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Brain and muscle Arnt-like protein-1 (BMAL1) is a clock gene that plays an important role in hormone secretion and apoptosis, but its effect on Leydig cells is unidentified. Here the role of BMAL1 in apoptosis and testosterone secretion in TM3 Leydig cell line were investigated by inhibiting its expression using small interfering RNA (siRNA). Results showed that BMAL1 knockdown promoted the apoptosis of Leydig cells and expression of (BCL2 associated X) BAX mRNA and protein, and reduced the expression of (B-cell lymphoma-2) BCL-2 mRNA and protein. BMAL1 inhibition resulted in decreased testosterone secretion and reduced expression of key genes during hormone synthesis, specifically steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (STAR), cytochrome P450 family 11 subfamily A member 1 (CYP11A1), and 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD). In addition, BMAL1 knockdown reduced the expression of phosphorylated p85 and AKT as confirmed by western blot. In conclusion, BMAL1 may affect testosterone secretion and apoptosis in mouse Leydig cells through regulation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Ding
- Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Hongyu Liu
- Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Wenfa Lu
- Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
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Amano T, Ripperger JA, Albrecht U. Changing the light schedule in late pregnancy alters birth timing in mice. Theriogenology 2020; 154:212-222. [PMID: 32650187 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In rats, birth timing is affected by changes in the light schedule until the middle of the pregnancy period. This phenomenon can be used to control birth timing in the animal industry and/or clinical fields. However, changes in the light schedule until the middle of the pregnancy period can damage the fetus by affecting the development of the major organs. Thus, we compared birth timing in mice kept under a 12-h light/12-h darkness schedule (L/D) throughout pregnancy with that of mice kept under a light schedule that changed from L/D to constant light (L/L) or constant darkness (D/D) from day 17.5 of pregnancy, the latter phase of the pregnancy period. On average, the pregnancy period was longer in D/D mice (19.9 days) than L/L or L/D mice (19.5 and 19.3 days, respectively, P < 0.05), confirming that light schedule affects birth timing. The average number of newborns was the same in L/L, L/D, and D/D mice (7.5, 7.8, and 7.9, respectively), but the average newborn weight of L/L mice (1.3 g) was lower than that of L/D and D/D mice (both 1.4 g, P < 0.05), indicating that constant light has detrimental effects on fetus growth. However, the percentage of dead newborns was the same between L/L, L/D, and D/D mice (11.1, 10.6, and 3.6%, respectively). The serum progesterone level on day 18.5 of pregnancy in L/D mice was 42.8 ng/ml, lower (P < 0.05) than that of D/D mice (65.3 ng/ml), suggesting that light schedule affects luteolysis. The average pregnancy period of mice lacking a circadian clock kept under D/D conditions from day 17.5 of pregnancy (KO D/D) (20.3 days) was delayed compared with wild-type (WT) D/D mice (P < 0.05). However, the average number of newborns, percentage of births with dead pups, and weight per newborn of KO D/D mice (7.6, 3.6%, and 1.4 g, respectively) were the same as WT mice kept under D/D conditions. A direct effect of the circadian clock on the mechanism(s) regulating birth timing was questionable, as the lighter average weight per KO fetus (0.6 g) versus WT fetus (0.7 g) on day 17.5 of pregnancy might have caused the delay in birth. The range of birth timing in KO D/D mice was the same as that of WT D/D mice, indicating that the circadian clock does not concentrate births at one time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Amano
- College of Agriculture, Food and Environment Sciences, Department of Sustainable Agriculture, Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Midorimachi Bunkyodai, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, 069-8501, Japan.
| | - Jürgen A Ripperger
- Department of Biology/Unit of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 5, CH-1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Urs Albrecht
- Department of Biology/Unit of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 5, CH-1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
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25
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Zhang D, Jin C, Obi IE, Rhoads MK, Soliman RH, Sedaka RS, Allan JM, Tao B, Speed JS, Pollock JS, Pollock DM. Loss of circadian gene Bmal1 in the collecting duct lowers blood pressure in male, but not female, mice. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2020; 318:F710-F719. [PMID: 31904281 PMCID: PMC7099501 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00364.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Kidney function follows a 24-h rhythm subject to regulation by circadian genes including the transcription factor Bmal1. A high-salt diet induces a phase shift in Bmal1 expression in the renal inner medulla that is dependent on endothelin type B (ETB) receptors. Furthermore, ETB receptor-mediated natriuresis is sex dependent. Therefore, experiments tested the hypothesis that collecting duct Bmal1 regulates blood pressure in a sex-dependent manner. We generated a mouse model that lacks Bmal1 expression in the collecting duct, where ETB receptor abundance is highest. Male, but not female, collecting duct Bmal1 knockout (CDBmal1KO) mice had significantly lower 24-h mean arterial pressure (MAP) than flox controls (105 ± 2 vs. 112 ± 3 mmHg for male mice and 106 ± 1 vs. 108 ± 1 mmHg for female mice, by telemetry). After 6 days on a high-salt (4% NaCl) diet, MAP remained significantly lower in male CDBmal1KO mice than in male flox control mice (107 ± 2 vs. 113 ± 1 mmHg), with no significant differences between genotypes in female mice (108 ± 2 vs. 109 ± 1 mmHg). ETB receptor blockade for another 6 days increased MAP similarly in both male and female CDBmal1KO and flox control mice. However, MAP remained lower in male CDBmal1KO mice than in male flox control mice (124 ± 2 vs. 130 ± 2 mmHg). No significant differences were observed between female CDBmal1KO and flox mice during ETB blockade (130 ± 2 vs. 127 ± 2 mmHg). There were no significant genotype differences in amplitude or phase of MAP in either sex. These data suggest that collecting duct Bmal1 has no role in circadian MAP but plays an important role in overall blood pressure in male, but not female, mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingguo Zhang
- Section of Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Chunhua Jin
- Section of Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Ijeoma E Obi
- Section of Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Megan K Rhoads
- Section of Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Reham H Soliman
- Section of Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Randee S Sedaka
- Section of Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - J Miller Allan
- Section of Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Binli Tao
- Section of Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Joshua S Speed
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Jennifer S Pollock
- Section of Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - David M Pollock
- Section of Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
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Sen A, Hoffmann HM. Role of core circadian clock genes in hormone release and target tissue sensitivity in the reproductive axis. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 501:110655. [PMID: 31756424 PMCID: PMC6962569 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2019.110655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Precise timing in hormone release from the hypothalamus, the pituitary and ovary is critical for fertility. Hormonal release patterns of the reproductive axis are regulated by a feedback loop within the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. The timing and rhythmicity of hormone release and tissue sensitivity in the HPG axis is regulated by circadian clocks located in the hypothalamus (suprachiasmatic nucleus, kisspeptin and GnRH neurons), the pituitary (gonadotrophs), the ovary (theca and granulosa cells), the testis (Leydig cells), as well as the uterus (endometrium and myometrium). The circadian clocks integrate environmental and physiological signals to produce cell endogenous rhythms generated by a transcriptional-translational feedback loop of transcription factors that are collectively called the "molecular clock". This review specifically focuses on the contribution of molecular clock transcription factors in regulating hormone release patterns in the reproductive axis, with an emphasis on the female reproductive system. Specifically, we discuss the contributions of circadian rhythms in distinct neuronal populations of the female hypothalamus, the molecular clock in the pituitary and its overall impact on female and male fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aritro Sen
- Department of Animal Science and the Reproductive and Developmental Science Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Hanne M Hoffmann
- Department of Animal Science and the Reproductive and Developmental Science Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
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Nagao S, Iwata N, Soejima Y, Takiguchi T, Aokage T, Kozato Y, Nakano Y, Nada T, Hasegawa T, Otsuka F. Interaction of ovarian steroidogenesis and clock gene expression modulated by bone morphogenetic protein-7 in human granulosa cells. Endocr J 2019; 66:157-164. [PMID: 30518737 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej18-0423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A functional link between clock gene expression and ovarian steroidogenesis was studied using human granulosa KGN cells. Similarities between changes in the mRNA and protein expression levels of Bmal1 and Clock and those of Per2 and Cry1 were found in KGN cells after treatment with forskolin. Among the interrelationships between the expression levels of clock and steroidogenic factors, Clock mRNA had a strongly positive correlation with P450arom and a negative correlation with 3βHSD. Knockdown of Clock gene by siRNA resulted in a significant reduction of estradiol production by inhibiting P450arom expression, while it induced a significant increase of progesterone production by upregulating 3βHSD in KGN cells treated with forskolin. Moreover, BMP-7 had an enhancing effect on the expression of Clock mRNA and protein in KGN cells. Thus, the expression levels of Clock, being upregulated by forskolin and BMP-7, were functionally linked to estradiol production and progesterone suppression by human granulosa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoko Nagao
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitaku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Nahoko Iwata
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitaku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Soejima
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitaku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Takaaki Takiguchi
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitaku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Tamami Aokage
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitaku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Yuka Kozato
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitaku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Nakano
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitaku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Takahiro Nada
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitaku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Toru Hasegawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitaku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Fumio Otsuka
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitaku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
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ER stress activation impairs the expression of circadian clock and clock-controlled genes in NIH3T3 cells via an ATF4-dependent mechanism. Cell Signal 2019; 57:89-101. [PMID: 30703445 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2019.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and circadian clockwork signaling pathways mutually regulate various cellular functions, but the details regarding the cross-talk between these pathways in mammalian cells are unclear. In this study, whether perturbation of ER stress signaling affects the cellular circadian clockwork and transcription of clock-controlled genes was investigated in NIH3T3 mouse fibroblasts. An NIH3T3 cell model stably expressing luciferase (Luc) under the control of the Bmal1 clock gene promoter was established using a lentiviral system. Then, Luc activity was monitored in real-time to detect Bmal1-Luc oscillations. The ER stress activators thapsigargin (Tg) and tunicamycin (Tm) markedly reduced Bmal1-Luc oscillation amplitudes and induced phase delay shifts in NIH3T3 cells. Treatment with Tg/Tm activated ER stress signaling by upregulating GRP78, CHOP, ATF6, and ATF4 and simultaneously significantly decreased BMAL1 protein levels and inhibited the transcription of circadian clock (Bmal1, Per2, Nr1d1, and Dbp) and clock-controlled (Scad1, Fgf7, and Arnt) genes. 4-Phenylbutyric acid, an ER stress inhibitor, alleviated the transcriptional repression of the circadian clock genes and partially restored Bmal1-Luc oscillation amplitudes in Tg- or Tm-treated NIH3T3 cells. More importantly, knock-down of ATF4, but not ATF6, in Tg-treated NIH3T3 cells partially rescued Bmal1-Luc oscillation amplitudes and mRNA expression of the four circadian clock genes. Taken together, our study demonstrates that ER stress activation inhibits the transcription of circadian clock and clock-controlled genes via an ATF4-dependent mechanism.
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29
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Simonneaux V. A Kiss to drive rhythms in reproduction. Eur J Neurosci 2018; 51:509-530. [DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Simonneaux
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et IntégrativesCNRSUniversité de Strasbourg Strasbourg France
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30
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de la Vega MDC, Delsouc MB, Ponce I, Ragusa V, Vallcaneras S, Anzulovich AC, Casais M. Circadian rhythms of factors involved in luteal regression are modified in p55 tumour necrosis factor receptor (TNFRp55)-deficient mice. Reprod Fertil Dev 2018; 30:1651-1665. [PMID: 29903342 DOI: 10.1071/rd18058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The rhythm of factors involved in luteal regression is crucial in determining the physiological duration of the oestrous cycle. Given the role of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α in luteal function and circadian regulation and that most of the effects of TNF-α are mediated by p55 TNF receptor (TNFRp55), the aims of the present study were to analyse the following during the luteal regression phase in the ovary of mice: (1) whether the pattern of expression of progesterone (P4) and the enzymes involved in the synthesis and degradation of P4 is circadian and endogenous (the rhythm persists in constant conditions, (i.e., constant darkness) with a period of about 24 hours); (2) circadian oscillations in clock gene expression; (3) whether there are daily variations in the expression of key genes involved in apoptosis and antioxidant mechanisms; and (4) the consequences of TNFRp55 deficiency. P4 was found to oscillate circadianally following endogenous rhythms of clock factors. Of note, TNFRp55 deficiency modified the circadian oscillation in P4 concentrations and its enzymes involved in the synthesis and degradation of P4, probably as a consequence of changes in the circadian oscillations of brain and muscle ARNT-Like protein 1 (Bmal1) and Cryptochrome 1 (Cry1). Furthermore, TNFRp55 deficiency modified the circadian rhythms of apoptosis genes, as well as antioxidant enzymes and peroxidation levels in the ovary in dioestrus. The findings of the present study strengthen the hypothesis that dysregulation of TNF-α signalling may be a potential cause for altered circadian and menstrual cycling in some gynaecological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magali Del C de la Vega
- Laboratorio de Biología de la Reproducción, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas, San Luis, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Ejército de los Andes 950, CP D5700HHW, San Luis, Argentina
| | - María B Delsouc
- Laboratorio de Biología de la Reproducción, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas, San Luis, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Ejército de los Andes 950, CP D5700HHW, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Ivana Ponce
- Laboratorio de Cronobiología, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas, San Luis, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Ejército de los Andes 950, CP D5700HHW, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Vicente Ragusa
- Laboratorio de Biología de la Reproducción, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas, San Luis, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Ejército de los Andes 950, CP D5700HHW, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Sandra Vallcaneras
- Laboratorio de Biología de la Reproducción, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas, San Luis, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Ejército de los Andes 950, CP D5700HHW, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Ana C Anzulovich
- Laboratorio de Cronobiología, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas, San Luis, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Ejército de los Andes 950, CP D5700HHW, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Marilina Casais
- Laboratorio de Biología de la Reproducción, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas, San Luis, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Ejército de los Andes 950, CP D5700HHW, San Luis, Argentina
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31
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Simonneaux V, Piet R. Neuroendocrine pathways driving daily rhythms in the hypothalamic pituitary gonadal axis of female rodents. CURRENT OPINION IN PHYSIOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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32
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Qin F, Cao H, Yuan H, Guo W, Pei H, Cao Y, Tong J. 1800 MHz radiofrequency fields inhibits testosterone production via CaMKI /RORα pathway. Reprod Toxicol 2018; 81:229-236. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2018.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Kobayashi M, Watanabe K, Matsumura R, Anayama N, Miyamoto A, Miyazaki H, Miyazaki K, Shimizu T, Akashi M. Involvement of the luteinizing hormone surge in the regulation of ovary and oviduct clock gene expression in mice. Genes Cells 2018; 23:649-657. [PMID: 29920869 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Circadian dysfunction perturbs the female reproductive cycle. In particular, mice lacking the clock gene Bmal1 show severe infertility, implying that BMAL1 plays roles in ovulation and luteinization. Here, we examined temporal changes in clock gene expression in the ovary and oviduct before and during gonadotropin-induced follicular growth, ovulation, and luteinization in sexually immature mice. While the oviduct did not show a drastic change in clock gene expression, Bmal1 expression in the ovary was higher than that in control mice during the period from 4 to 16 hr after human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) administration. Bmal1 expression reached a maximum at 16 hr after hCG administration, when follicle luteinization occurred. In an interesting manner, administration of hCG to ex vivo-cultured oviduct triggered a shorter circadian period and inevitably resulted in phase advance. Together, our present data suggest that LH surge induces continuous expression of BMAL1 in the mouse ovary and modulates circadian phase in the mouse oviduct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Momoko Kobayashi
- Graduate School of Animal and Food Hygiene, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Kaya Watanabe
- Graduate School of Animal and Food Hygiene, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Ritsuko Matsumura
- The Research Institute for Time Studies, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Nozomi Anayama
- Graduate School of Animal and Food Hygiene, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Akio Miyamoto
- Graduate School of Animal and Food Hygiene, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Miyazaki
- Gene Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Koyomi Miyazaki
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Takashi Shimizu
- Graduate School of Animal and Food Hygiene, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Makoto Akashi
- The Research Institute for Time Studies, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Yamaguchi, Japan
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34
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The role of the circadian clock system in physiology. Pflugers Arch 2018; 470:227-239. [PMID: 29302752 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-017-2103-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Life on earth is shaped by the 24-h rotation of our planet around its axes. To adapt behavior and physiology to the concurring profound but highly predictable changes, endogenous circadian clocks have evolved that drive 24-h rhythms in invertebrate and vertebrate species. At the molecular level, circadian clocks comprised a set of clock genes organized in a system of interlocked transcriptional-translational feedback loops. A ubiquitous network of cellular central and peripheral tissue clocks coordinates physiological functions along the day through activation of tissue-specific transcriptional programs. Circadian rhythms impact on diverse physiological processes including the cardiovascular system, energy metabolism, immunity, hormone secretion, and reproduction. This review summarizes our current understanding of the mechanisms of circadian timekeeping in different species, its adaptation by external timing signals and the pathophysiological consequences of circadian disruption.
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Mark PJ, Crew RC, Wharfe MD, Waddell BJ. Rhythmic Three-Part Harmony: The Complex Interaction of Maternal, Placental and Fetal Circadian Systems. J Biol Rhythms 2017; 32:534-549. [PMID: 28920512 DOI: 10.1177/0748730417728671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
From the perspective of circadian biology, mammalian pregnancy presents an unusual biological scenario in which an entire circadian system (i.e., that of the fetus) is embodied within another (i.e., that of the mother). Moreover, both systems are likely to be influenced at their interface by a third player, the placenta. Successful pregnancy requires major adaptations in maternal physiology, many of which involve circadian changes that support the high metabolic demands of the growing fetus. A functional role for maternal circadian adaptations is implied by the effects of circadian disruption, which result in pregnancy complications including higher risks for miscarriage, preterm labor, and low birth weight. Various aspects of fetal physiology lead to circadian variation, at least in late gestation, but it remains unclear what drives this rhythmicity. It likely involves contributions from the maternal environment and possibly from the placenta and the developing intrinsic molecular clocks within fetal tissues. The role of the placenta is of particular significance because it serves not only to relay signals about the external environment (via the mother) but may also exhibit its own circadian rhythmicity. This review considers how the fetus may be influenced by dynamic circadian signals from the mother and the placenta during gestation, and how, in the face of these changing influences, a new fetal circadian system emerges. Particular emphasis is placed on the role of endocrine signals, most notably melatonin and glucocorticoids, as mediators of maternal-fetal circadian interactions, and on the expression of the clock gene in the 3 compartments. Further study is required to understand how the mother, placenta, and fetus interact across pregnancy to optimize circadian adaptations that support adequate growth and development of the fetus and its transition to postnatal life in a circadian environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Mark
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Rachael C Crew
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Michaela D Wharfe
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Brendan J Waddell
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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36
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Shimizu T, Watanabe K, Anayama N, Miyazaki K. Effect of lipopolysaccharide on circadian clock genes Per2 and Bmal1 in mouse ovary. J Physiol Sci 2017; 67:623-628. [PMID: 28213822 PMCID: PMC10717690 DOI: 10.1007/s12576-017-0532-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In mammals, circadian rhythms are associated with multiple physiological events. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on circadian systems in the ovary. Immature female mice were received an intra-peritoneal injection of equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) and LPS. Total RNA was collected from the ovary at 6-h intervals throughout a 48 h of experimental period. The expression of the circadian genes period 2 (Per2) and brain and muscle ARNT-like 1 (Bmal1) such as circadian genes was measured by quantitative PCR. Although expression of Per2 and Bmal1 in the ovary did not display clear diurnal oscillation, LPS suppressed the amplitude of Per2 expression. Additionally, LPS inhibited the expression of cytochrome P450 aromatase (CYP19) and luteinizing hormone receptor (LHr) genes in the ovary of eCG-treated mice. Our data suggest that Per2 may be associated with the inhibition of CYP19 and LHr expression by LPS in the ovaries of immature mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Shimizu
- Graduate School of Animal and Food Hygiene, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, 0808555, Japan.
| | - Kaya Watanabe
- Graduate School of Animal and Food Hygiene, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, 0808555, Japan
| | - Nozomi Anayama
- Graduate School of Animal and Food Hygiene, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, 0808555, Japan
| | - Koyomi Miyazaki
- Biomedical Research Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 3058568, Japan
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37
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Zhang Z, Lai S, Wang Y, Li L, Yin H, Wang Y, Zhao X, Li D, Yang M, Zhu Q. Rhythmic expression of circadian clock genes in the preovulatory ovarian follicles of the laying hen. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0179019. [PMID: 28604799 PMCID: PMC5467841 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The circadian clock is reported to play a role in the ovaries in a variety of vertebrate species, including the domestic hen. However, the ovary is an organ that changes daily, and the laying hen maintains a strict follicular hierarchy. The aim of this study was to examine the spatial-temporal expression of several known canonical clock genes in the granulosa and theca layers of six hierarchy follicles. We demonstrated that the granulosa cells (GCs) of the F1-F3 follicles harbored intrinsic oscillatory mechanisms in vivo. In addition, cultured granulosa cells (GCs) from F1 follicles exposed to luteinizing hormone (LH) synchronization displayed Per2 mRNA oscillations, whereas, the less mature GCs (F5 plus F6) displayed no circadian change in Per2 mRNA levels. Cultures containing follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) combined with LH expressed levels of Per2 mRNA that were 2.5-fold higher than those in cultures with LH or FSH alone. These results show that there is spatial specificity in the localization of clock cells in hen preovulatory follicles. In addition, our results support the hypothesis that gonadotropins provide a cue for the development of the functional cellular clock in immature GCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Zhang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuang Lai
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | - Yagang Wang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | - Liang Li
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | - Huadong Yin
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoling Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | - Diyan Li
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingyao Yang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | - Qing Zhu
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu, China
- * E-mail:
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38
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Wang W, Yin L, Bai L, Ma G, Zhao C, Xiang A, Pang W, Yang G, Chu G. Bmal1 interference impairs hormone synthesis and promotes apoptosis in porcine granulosa cells. Theriogenology 2017; 99:63-68. [PMID: 28708501 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Revised: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In mammals, granulosa cell proliferation, differentiation, luteinization, apoptosis, and hormone synthesis are tightly related to oocyte maturation, follicular development and ovarian function. In current study, we investigated the role of the key circadian clock gene, brain and muscle arnt-like protein-1 (Bmal1), on porcine granulosa cell hormone secretion and apoptosis. The transcription levels of circadian clock genes, including Bmal1 and period circadian clock 2 (Per2), were detected by RT-qPCR. We found that the circadian clock genes exhibited rhythmic change and were further enhanced by dexamethasone synchronization in granulosa cells. Bmal1 knockdown reduced transcriptional levels of hormone receptor genes, including follicle stimulating hormone receptor (Fshr), luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor (Lhcgr) and estrogen receptor 2 (Esr2), and decreased the mRNA and protein levels of cytochrome P450 family 11 subfamily A member 1 (Cyp11a1), cytochrome P450 family 19 subfamily A member 1 (Cyp19a1) and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (Star), which are the key enzymes involved in hormone synthesis. Synthesis of progesterone and estradiol were also inhibited by Bmal1 siRNA treatment in granulosa cells. Moreover, flow cytometry analysis demonstrated suppressing Bmal1 promoted granulosa cells apoptosis. Western blot analysis showed that Bmal1 interference inactivated the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. In conclusion, Bmal1 plays a critical role in secretion of hormone and apoptosis of porcine granulosa cells via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wusu Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, NO.22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Lin Yin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, NO.22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Long Bai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, NO.22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Guangjun Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, NO.22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Cunzhen Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, NO.22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Aoqi Xiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, NO.22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Weijun Pang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, NO.22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Gongshe Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, NO.22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Guiyan Chu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, NO.22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China.
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39
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Zhao L, Isayama K, Chen H, Yamauchi N, Shigeyoshi Y, Hashimoto S, Hattori MA. The nuclear receptor REV-ERBα represses the transcription of growth/differentiation factor 10 and 15 genes in rat endometrium stromal cells. Physiol Rep 2016; 4:4/2/e12663. [PMID: 26811051 PMCID: PMC4760387 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.12663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular oscillators in the uterus play critical roles in the gestation processes of mammals through entraining of the clock proteins to numerous downstream genes, including growth/differentiation factor (Gdf)10 and Gdf15. The expression of Gdf10 and Gdf15 is significantly increased in the uterus during decidualization, but the mechanism underlying the regulation of Gdf gene expression in the uterus is poorly understood. Here, we focused on the function of the cellular oscillators in the expression of Gdf family by using uterine endometrial stromal cells (UESCs) isolated from pregnant Per2‐dLuc transgenic rats. A significant decline of Per2‐dLuc bioluminescence activity was induced in in vitro decidualized UESCs, and concomitantly the expression of canonical clock genes was downregulated. Conversely, the expression of Gdf10 and Gdf15 of the Gdf was upregulated. In UESCs transfected with Bmal1‐specific siRNA, in which Rev‐erbα expression was downregulated, Gdf10 and Gdf15 were upregulated. However, Gdf5, Gdf7, and Gdf11 were not significantly affected by Bmal1 silencing. The expression of Gdf10 and Gdf15 was enhanced after treatment with a REV‐ERBα antagonist in the presence or absence of progesterone. Chromatin immunoprecipitation‐PCR analysis revealed the inhibitory effect of REV‐ERBα on the expression of Gdf10 and Gdf15 in UESCs by recognizing their gene promoters. Collectively, our findings indicate that the attenuation of REV‐ERBα leads to an upregulation of Gdf10 and Gdf15 in decidual cells, in which cellular oscillators are impaired. Our results provide novel evidence regarding the functions of cellular oscillators regulating the expression of downstream genes during the differentiation of UESCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijia Zhao
- Department of Animal and Marine Bioresource Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Keishiro Isayama
- Department of Animal and Marine Bioresource Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Huatao Chen
- Department of Animal and Marine Bioresource Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Yamauchi
- Department of Animal and Marine Bioresource Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yasufumi Shigeyoshi
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Kinki University School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Masa-Aki Hattori
- Department of Animal and Marine Bioresource Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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40
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Sen A, Sellix MT. The Circadian Timing System and Environmental Circadian Disruption: From Follicles to Fertility. Endocrinology 2016; 157:3366-73. [PMID: 27501186 DOI: 10.1210/en.2016-1450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The internal or circadian timing system is deeply integrated in female reproductive physiology. Considerable details of rheostatic timing function in the neuroendocrine control of pituitary hormone secretion, adenohypophyseal hormone gene expression and secretion, gonadal steroid hormone biosynthesis and secretion, ovulation, implantation, and parturition have been reported. The molecular clock, an autonomous feedback loop oscillator of interacting transcriptional regulators, dictates the timing and amplitude of gene expression in each tissue of the female hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. Although multiple targets of the molecular clock have been identified, many associated with critical physiological functions in the HPG axis, the full extent of clock-driven gene expression and physiology in this critical system remains unknown. Environmental circadian disruption (ECD), the disturbance of temporal relationships within and between internal clocks (brain and periphery), and external timing cues (eg, light, nutrients, social cues) due to rotating/night shift work or transmeridian travel have been linked to reproductive dysfunction and subfertility. Moreover, ECD resulting from exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals, environmental toxins, and/or irregular hormone levels during sexual development can also reduce fertility. Thus, perturbations that disturb clock function at the molecular, cellular or systemic level correlate with significant declines in female reproductive function. Here we briefly review the evidence for molecular clock function in each tissue of the female HPG axis (GnRH neuron, pituitary, uterus, oviduct, and ovary), describe the human epidemiological and animal data supporting the negative effects of ECD on fertility, and explore the potential for novel chronotherapeutics in women's health and fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aritro Sen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester New York 14642
| | - Michael T Sellix
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester New York 14642
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41
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Zhang J, Liu J, Zhu K, Hong Y, Sun Y, Zhao X, Du Y, Chen ZJ. Effects of BMAL1-SIRT1-positive cycle on estrogen synthesis in human ovarian granulosa cells: an implicative role of BMAL1 in PCOS. Endocrine 2016; 53:574-84. [PMID: 27117143 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-016-0961-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Brain and muscle ARNT-like protein 1 (BMAL1) is necessary for fertility and has been found to be essential to follicle growth and steroidogenesis. Sirtuin1 (SIRT1) has been reported to interact with BMAL1 and function in a circadian manner. Evidence has shown that SIRT1 regulates aromatase expression in estrogen-producing cells. We aimed to ascertain if there is a relationship between polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and BMAL1, and whether and how BMAL1 takes part in estrogen synthesis in human granulosa cells (hGCs). Twenty-four women diagnosed with PCOS and 24 healthy individuals undergoing assisted reproduction were studied. BMAL1 expression in their granulosa cells (GCs) was observed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The level of expression in the PCOS group was lower than that of the group without PCOS (p < 0.05). We also analyzed estrogen synthesis and aromatase expression in KGN cell lines. Both were downregulated after BMAL1 and SIRT1 knock-down and, conversely, upregulated after overexpression treatments of these two genes in KGN cells. Both BMAL1 and SIRT1 had a mutually positive regulation, as did the phosphorylation of JNK. Furthermore, JNK overexpression increased estrogen synthesis activity and the expression levels of aromatase, BMAL1, and SIRT1. In KGN and hGCs, estrogen synthesis and aromatase expression were downregulated after treatment with JNK and SIRT1 inhibitors. In addition, BMAL1, SIRT1, and JNK expression levels were all downregulated. Our results demonstrate the effects of BMAL1 on estrogen synthesis in hGCs and suggest a BMAL1-SIRT1-JNK positive feedback cycle in this process, which points out an important role of BMAL1 in the development of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaou Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 845 Lingshan Road, Shanghai, 200135, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, 200135, China
| | - Jiansheng Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 845 Lingshan Road, Shanghai, 200135, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, 200135, China
| | - Kai Zhu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 845 Lingshan Road, Shanghai, 200135, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, 200135, China
| | - Yan Hong
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 845 Lingshan Road, Shanghai, 200135, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, 200135, China
| | - Yun Sun
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 845 Lingshan Road, Shanghai, 200135, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, 200135, China
| | - Xiaoming Zhao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 845 Lingshan Road, Shanghai, 200135, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, 200135, China
| | - Yanzhi Du
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 845 Lingshan Road, Shanghai, 200135, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, 200135, China.
| | - Zi-Jiang Chen
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 845 Lingshan Road, Shanghai, 200135, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, 200135, China
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, The Key Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jingwu Road 324, Jinan, 250021, China
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42
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Zhang Z, Wang Y, Li L, Yin H, Li D, Wang Y, Zhao X, Liu Y, Zhu Q. Circadian clock genes are rhythmically expressed in specific segments of the hen oviduct. Poult Sci 2016; 95:1653-1659. [DOI: 10.3382/ps/pew051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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43
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Mereness AL, Murphy ZC, Forrestel AC, Butler S, Ko C, Richards JS, Sellix MT. Conditional Deletion of Bmal1 in Ovarian Theca Cells Disrupts Ovulation in Female Mice. Endocrinology 2016; 157:913-27. [PMID: 26671182 PMCID: PMC5393362 DOI: 10.1210/en.2015-1645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Rhythmic events in female reproductive physiology, including ovulation, are tightly controlled by the circadian timing system. The molecular clock, a feedback loop oscillator of clock gene transcription factors, dictates rhythms of gene expression in the hypothalamo-pituitary-ovarian axis. Circadian disruption due to environmental factors (eg, shift work) or genetic manipulation of the clock has negative impacts on fertility. Although the central pacemaker in the suprachiasmatic nucleus classically regulates the timing of ovulation, we have shown that this rhythm also depends on phasic sensitivity to LH. We hypothesized that this rhythm relies on clock function in a specific cellular compartment of the ovarian follicle. To test this hypothesis we generated mice with deletion of the Bmal1 locus in ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) (Granulosa Cell Bmal1 KO; GCKO) or theca cells (TCs) (Theca Cell Bmal1 KO; TCKO). Reproductive cycles, preovulatory LH secretion, ovarian morphology and behavior were not grossly altered in GCKO or TCKO mice. We detected phasic sensitivity to LH in wild-type littermate control (LC) and GCKO mice but not TCKO mice. This decline in sensitivity to LH is coincident with impaired fertility and altered patterns of LH receptor (Lhcgr) mRNA abundance in the ovary of TCKO mice. These data suggest that the TC is a pacemaker that contributes to the timing and amplitude of ovulation by modulating phasic sensitivity to LH. The TC clock may play a critical role in circadian disruption-mediated reproductive pathology and could be a target for chronobiotic management of infertility due to environmental circadian disruption and/or hormone-dependent reprogramming in women.
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MESH Headings
- ARNTL Transcription Factors/genetics
- Animals
- Behavior, Animal
- CLOCK Proteins/genetics
- CLOCK Proteins/metabolism
- Circadian Rhythm/genetics
- Cryptochromes/genetics
- Cryptochromes/metabolism
- Female
- Fertility/genetics
- Gene Expression
- Granulosa Cells/metabolism
- Infertility/genetics
- Luteinizing Hormone/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, Transgenic
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group D, Member 1/genetics
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group D, Member 1/metabolism
- Ovarian Follicle/metabolism
- Ovary/anatomy & histology
- Ovulation/genetics
- Ovulation Induction
- Period Circadian Proteins/genetics
- Period Circadian Proteins/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Receptors, FSH/genetics
- Receptors, FSH/metabolism
- Receptors, LH/genetics
- Theca Cells/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda L Mereness
- Department of Medicine (A.L.M., Z.C.M., A.C.F., S.B., M.T.S.), Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642; Department of Comparative Biosciences (C.K.), College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (J.S.R.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Zachary C Murphy
- Department of Medicine (A.L.M., Z.C.M., A.C.F., S.B., M.T.S.), Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642; Department of Comparative Biosciences (C.K.), College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (J.S.R.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Andrew C Forrestel
- Department of Medicine (A.L.M., Z.C.M., A.C.F., S.B., M.T.S.), Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642; Department of Comparative Biosciences (C.K.), College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (J.S.R.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Susan Butler
- Department of Medicine (A.L.M., Z.C.M., A.C.F., S.B., M.T.S.), Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642; Department of Comparative Biosciences (C.K.), College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (J.S.R.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - CheMyong Ko
- Department of Medicine (A.L.M., Z.C.M., A.C.F., S.B., M.T.S.), Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642; Department of Comparative Biosciences (C.K.), College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (J.S.R.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - JoAnne S Richards
- Department of Medicine (A.L.M., Z.C.M., A.C.F., S.B., M.T.S.), Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642; Department of Comparative Biosciences (C.K.), College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (J.S.R.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Michael T Sellix
- Department of Medicine (A.L.M., Z.C.M., A.C.F., S.B., M.T.S.), Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642; Department of Comparative Biosciences (C.K.), College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (J.S.R.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
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44
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Chen H, Isayama K, Kumazawa M, Zhao L, Yamauchi N, Shigeyoshi Y, Hashimoto S, Hattori MA. Integration of the nuclear receptor REV-ERBα linked with circadian oscillators in the expressions ofAlas1, Ppargc1a, andIl6genes in rat granulosa cells. Chronobiol Int 2015; 32:739-49. [DOI: 10.3109/07420528.2015.1042582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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45
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Isayama K, Zhao L, Chen H, Yamauchi N, Shigeyoshi Y, Hashimoto S, Hattori MA. Removal of Rev-erbα inhibition contributes to the prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 expression in rat endometrial stromal cells. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2015; 308:E650-61. [PMID: 25648833 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00533.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The rhythmic expression of clock genes in the uterus is attenuated during decidualization. This study focused on Ptgs2, which is essential for decidualization, as a putative clock-controlled gene, and aimed to reveal the functions of clock genes in relation to Ptgs2 during decidualization. We compared the transcript levels of clock genes in the rat uterus on days 4.5 (D4.5) and 6.5 of pregnancy. The transcript levels of clock genes (Per2, Bmal1, Rorα, and Rev-erbα) had decreased at implantation sites on day 6.5 (D6.5e) compared with those on D4.5, whereas Ptgs2 transcripts had increased on D6.5e. Similar observations of Rev-erbα and Ptgs2 were also obtained in the endometrium on D6.5e by immunohistochemistry. In the decidual cells induced by medroxyprogesterone and 2-O-dibutyryl-cAMP, the rhythmic expression levels of clock genes were attenuated, whereas Ptgs2 transcription was induced. These results indicate that decidualization causes the attenuation of clock genes and the induction of Ptgs2. Furthermore, in the experiment of Bmal1 siRNA, the rhythmic expression of clock genes and Ptgs2 was attenuated by the siRNA. Transcript levels of Ptgs2 and prostaglandin (PG)E₂ production were increased by treatment with the Rev-erbα antagonist, suggesting the contribution of the nuclear receptor Rev-erbα to Ptgs2 expression. Moreover, Rev-erbα knockdown enhanced the induction of Ptgs2 transcription and PGE₂ production by forskolin. Chromatin immunoprecipitation-PCR analysis revealed that Rev-erbα could directly bind to a proximal RORE site of Ptgs2. Collectively, this study demonstrates that the attenuation of the circadian clock, especially its core component Rev-erbα, contributes to the induction of Ptgs2 during decidualization.
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MESH Headings
- 5' Untranslated Regions
- ARNTL Transcription Factors/antagonists & inhibitors
- ARNTL Transcription Factors/genetics
- ARNTL Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Animals
- Cells, Cultured
- Circadian Clocks
- Cyclooxygenase 2/genetics
- Cyclooxygenase 2/metabolism
- Endometrium/cytology
- Endometrium/enzymology
- Endometrium/metabolism
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group D, Member 1/antagonists & inhibitors
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group D, Member 1/genetics
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group D, Member 1/metabolism
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 1/genetics
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 1/metabolism
- Placentation
- Pregnancy
- Prolactin/analogs & derivatives
- Prolactin/genetics
- Prolactin/metabolism
- RNA Interference
- RNA, Small Interfering
- Rats
- Rats, Transgenic
- Response Elements
- Stromal Cells/cytology
- Stromal Cells/enzymology
- Stromal Cells/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Keishiro Isayama
- Department of Animal and Marine Bioresource Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Lijia Zhao
- Department of Animal and Marine Bioresource Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Huatao Chen
- Department of Animal and Marine Bioresource Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Yamauchi
- Department of Animal and Marine Bioresource Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yasufumi Shigeyoshi
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Kinki University School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan; and
| | | | - Masa-aki Hattori
- Department of Animal and Marine Bioresource Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan;
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46
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Tasaki H, Zhao L, Isayama K, Chen H, Yamauchi N, Shigeyoshi Y, Hashimoto S, Hattori MA. Inhibitory role of REV-ERBα in the expression of bone morphogenetic protein gene family in rat uterus endometrium stromal cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2015; 308:C528-38. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00220.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Uterus circadian rhythms have been implicated in the gestation processes of mammals through entraining of the clock proteins to numerous downstream genes. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), having clock-controlled regulatory sites in their gene promoters, are expressed in the uterus during decidualization, but the regulation of the Bmp gene expression is poorly understood. The present study was designed to dissect the physiological roles of the uterus oscillators in the Bmp expression using the uterus endometrial stromal cells (UESCs) isolated from Per2-dLuc transgenic rats on day 4.5 of gestation. The in vitro decidualization of UESCs was induced by medroxyprogesterone acetate and 2-O-dibutyryl cAMP. A significant decline of Per2-dLuc bioluminescence activity was induced in decidual cells, and concomitantly, the expression of canonical clock genes was downregulated. Conversely, the expression of the core Bmp genes Bmp2, Bmp4, Bmp6, and Bmp7 was upregulated. In UESCs transfected with Bmal1-specific siRNA, in which Rev-erbα expression was downregulated, Bmp genes, such as Bmp2, Bmp4, and Bmp6 were upregulated. However, Bmp1, Bmp7, and Bmp8a were not significantly affected by Bmal1 silencing. The expression of all Bmp genes was enhanced after treatment with the REV-ERBα antagonist (SR8278), although their rhythmic profiles were differed from each other. The binding of REV-ERBα to the proximal regions of the Bmp2 and Bmp4 promoters was revealed by chromatin immunoprecipitation-PCR analysis. Collectively, these results indicate that the Bmp genes are upregulated by the attenuation of the cellular circadian clock; in particular, its core component REV-ERBα functions as a transcriptional silencer in the Bmp gene family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotaka Tasaki
- Department of Animal and Marine Bioresource Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Lijia Zhao
- Department of Animal and Marine Bioresource Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Keishiro Isayama
- Department of Animal and Marine Bioresource Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Huatao Chen
- Department of Animal and Marine Bioresource Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Yamauchi
- Department of Animal and Marine Bioresource Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yasufumi Shigeyoshi
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Kinki University School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan; and
| | | | - Masa-aki Hattori
- Department of Animal and Marine Bioresource Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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47
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Simonneaux V, Bahougne T. A Multi-Oscillatory Circadian System Times Female Reproduction. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2015; 6:157. [PMID: 26539161 PMCID: PMC4611855 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2015.00157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhythms in female reproduction are critical to insure that timing of ovulation coincides with oocyte maturation and optimal sexual arousal. This fine tuning of female reproduction involves both the estradiol feedback as an indicator of oocyte maturation, and the master circadian clock of the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) as an indicator of the time of the day. Herein, we are providing an overview of the state of knowledge regarding the differential inhibitory and stimulatory effects of estradiol at different stages of the reproductive axis, and the mechanisms through which the two main neurotransmitters of the SCN, arginine vasopressin, and vasoactive intestinal peptide, convey daily time cues to the reproductive axis. In addition, we will report the most recent findings on the putative functions of peripheral clocks located throughout the reproductive axis [kisspeptin (Kp) neurons, gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons, gonadotropic cells, the ovary, and the uterus]. This review will point to the critical position of the Kp neurons of the anteroventral periventricular nucleus, which integrate both the stimulatory estradiol signal, and the daily arginine vasopressinergic signal, while displaying a circadian clock. Finally, given the critical role of the light/dark cycle in the synchronization of female reproduction, we will discuss the impact of circadian disruptions observed during shift-work conditions on female reproductive performance and fertility in both animal model and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Simonneaux
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, CNRS (UPR 3212), Strasbourg, France
- *Correspondence: Valérie Simonneaux, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, CNRS (UPR 3212), 5 rue Blaise Pascal, Strasbourg 67084, France,
| | - Thibault Bahougne
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, CNRS (UPR 3212), Strasbourg, France
- Service d’Endocrinologie et Diabète, Hôpital Civil, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
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48
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Abstract
Rhythmic events in the female reproductive system depend on the coordinated and synchronized activity of multiple neuroendocrine and endocrine tissues. This coordination is facilitated by the timing of gene expression and cellular physiology at each level of the hypothalamo-pituitary-ovarian (HPO) axis, including the basal hypothalamus and forebrain, the pituitary gland, and the ovary. Central to this pathway is the primary circadian pacemaker in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) that, through its myriad outputs, provides a temporal framework for gonadotropin release and ovulation. The heart of the timing system, a transcription-based oscillator, imparts SCN pacemaker cells and a company of peripheral tissues with the capacity for daily oscillations of gene expression and cellular physiology. Although the SCN sits comfortably at the helm, peripheral oscillators (such as the ovary) have undefined but potentially critical roles. Each cell type of the ovary, including theca cells, granulosa cells, and oocytes, harbor a molecular clock implicated in the processes of follicular growth, steroid hormone synthesis, and ovulation. The ovarian clock is influenced by the reproductive cycle and diseases that perturb the cycle and/or follicular growth can disrupt the timing of clock gene expression in the ovary. Chronodisruption is known to negatively affect reproductive function and fertility in both rodent models and women exposed to shiftwork schedules. Thus, influencing clock function in the HPO axis with chronobiotics may represent a novel avenue for the treatment of common fertility disorders, particularly those resulting from chronic circadian disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael T. Sellix
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, USA
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49
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Liu Y, Johnson BP, Shen AL, Wallisser JA, Krentz KJ, Moran SM, Sullivan R, Glover E, Parlow AF, Drinkwater NR, Schuler LA, Bradfield CA. Loss of BMAL1 in ovarian steroidogenic cells results in implantation failure in female mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:14295-300. [PMID: 25225411 PMCID: PMC4191810 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1209249111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The circadian clock plays a significant role in many aspects of female reproductive biology, including estrous cycling, ovulation, embryonic implantation, onset of puberty, and parturition. In an effort to link cell-specific circadian clocks to their specific roles in female reproduction, we used the promoter that controls expression of Steroidogenic Factor-1 (SF1) to drive Cre-recombinase-mediated deletion of the brain muscle arnt-like 1 (Bmal1) gene, known to encode an essential component of the circadian clock (SF1-Bmal1(-/-)). The resultant SF1-Bmal1(-/-) females display embryonic implantation failure, which is rescued by progesterone supplementation, or bilateral or unilateral transplantation of wild-type ovaries into SF1-Bmal1(-/-) dams. The observation that the central clock, and many other peripheral clocks, are fully functional in this model allows the assignment of the implantation phenotype to the clock in ovarian steroidogenic cells and distinguishes it from more general circadian related systemic pathology (e.g., early onset arthropathy, premature aging, ovulation, late onset of puberty, and abnormal estrous cycle). Our ovarian transcriptome analysis reveals that deletion of ovarian Bmal1 disrupts expression of transcripts associated with the circadian machinery and also genes critical for regulation of progesterone production, such as steroidogenic acute regulatory factor (Star). Overall, these data provide a powerful model to probe the interlocking and synergistic network of the circadian clock and reproductive systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, and Carbone Cancer Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison WI 53706
| | - Brian P Johnson
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, and Carbone Cancer Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison WI 53706
| | - Anna L Shen
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, and Carbone Cancer Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison WI 53706
| | - Jacqueline A Wallisser
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, and Carbone Cancer Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison WI 53706
| | - Kathy J Krentz
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, and Carbone Cancer Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison WI 53706
| | - Susan M Moran
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, and Carbone Cancer Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison WI 53706
| | - Ruth Sullivan
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, and Carbone Cancer Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison WI 53706; Research Animal Resources Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706; and
| | - Edward Glover
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, and Carbone Cancer Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison WI 53706
| | - Albert F Parlow
- National Hormone and Peptide Program, Harbor-University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502
| | - Norman R Drinkwater
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, and Carbone Cancer Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison WI 53706
| | - Linda A Schuler
- Carbone Cancer Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison WI 53706; Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison WI 53706
| | - Christopher A Bradfield
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, and Carbone Cancer Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison WI 53706;
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50
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Isayama K, Chen H, Yamauchi N, Hattori MA. REV-ERBα inhibits the PTGS2 expression in bovine uterus endometrium stromal and epithelial cells exposed to ovarian steroids. J Reprod Dev 2014; 60:362-70. [PMID: 25007867 PMCID: PMC4219993 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2014-040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear receptor REV-ERBα (encoded by NR1D1) has a critical role in metabolism and physiology as well
as circadian rhythm. Here, we investigated the possible contribution of clock genes including NR1D1 to the
secretion of prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) from bovine uterine stromal (USCs) and epithelial cells (UECs)
by modulating the expression of PTGS2. The circadian oscillation of clock genes in the cells was weak
compared with that reported in rodents, but the expression of BMAL1, PER1, and
NR1D1 was changed temporally by treatment with ovarian steroids. Significant expression of clock genes
including NR1D1 was detected in USCs exposed to progesterone. NR1D1 was also significantly
expressed in UECs exposed to estradiol. The expression of PTGS2 was suppressed in USCs exposed to
progesterone, while the expression was initially suppressed in UECs exposed to estradiol and then increased after long-term
exposure to estradiol. BMAL1 knockdown with specific siRNA caused a significant decrease in the transcript
levels of NR1D1 and PTGS2 in USCs, but not in UECs. The production of PGF2α also
decreased in USCs after BMAL1 knockdown, while its level did not significantly change in UECs. The
transcript level of PTGS2 was increased by treatment with the antagonist of REV-ERBα in both cell types, but
the agonist was ineffective. In these two cell types treated with the agonist or antagonist, the PGF2α production
coincided well with the PTGS2 expression. Collectively, these results indicate that REV-ERBα plays an
inhibitory role in the expression of PTGS2 in both bovine USCs and UECs treated with ovarian steroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keishiro Isayama
- Department of Animal and Marine Bioresource Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
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